@article {saravanan_reconstructing_2024,
	title = {Reconstructing hypoxia on the eastern Arabian sea continental shelf during the past \~{}7400 years: A multi-proxy approach},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	year = {2024},
	abstract = {Shallow-sea environmental variations in the eastern Arabian Sea (EAS) have been related to monsoon variability, poorly ventilated intermediate water, and primary productivity changes. To understand these conditions, benthic foraminiferal assemblages, oxygen isotope ratios, and total organic carbon content have been examined in sediment Core SK291/GC13 from the EAS. We aim to retrieve decadal to centennial time-scale changes in past oxygenation and paleoproductivity during the last 7400 calibrated years before the present (cal yr BP). Our proxy data suggest that the oxic benthic foraminifera species were dominant during \~{}7400{\textendash}6000~cal~yr BP. The change from oxic to dysoxic occurred during ca. 6000{\textendash}3500~cal~yr BP, and transition from dysoxic to suboxic environmental conditions happened at ca. \~{}3500~cal~yr BP. These changes are contemporaneous with weakening of the Indian summer monsoon beginning at \~{}5500~cal~yr BP which culminated into a major arid phase so-called ca 4.2 ka event in the Indian subcontinent. The EAS experienced low productivity during the early phase of our studied interval (\~{}7400{\textendash}6000~cal~yr BP) and higher productivity in the middle Holocene (6000{\textendash}3000~cal~yr BP), as revealed by the total organic carbon and benthic assemblages. Furthermore, productivity increased in the warm period and decreased in the Little Ice Age on a decadal scale. The spectral analysis of total organic content and suboxic species indicates a 23-year Hale (solar) cycle during the last millennium, indicating a close relationship between solar activity and monsoon variability. The strengthening of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation perhaps amplified due to increased solar activity in the last millennium, which influenced the climate of the EAS. The study highlights paleo-oxygenation shifts based on benthic foraminiferal assemblages, which are crucial for understanding changes in the oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) and their potential impacts on marine ecosystems.},
	keywords = {Benthic assemblages, Goa coast, Hale cycle, Little ice age, Oxygen minimum zone, Suboxic environment},
	issn = {1040-6182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2024.05.007},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618224001630},
	author = {Saravanan, Ponnusamy and Gupta, Anil K. and Li, Xiangzhong and Zheng, Hongbo and Panigrahi, Mruganka K.}
}
@article {grimley_updated_2024,
	title = {Updated chronology for Peoria Silt (loess) accumulation in Illinois and western Indiana from radiocarbon dating of terrestrial gastropod shells},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	year = {2024},
	month = {05/2024},
	pages = {1{\textendash}19},
	abstract = {Based on calibrated radiocarbon ages of terrestrial gastropod shells (Succineidae, Discus, Stenotrema, Webbhelix), the chronology of Peoria Silt (loess) deposition in the Central Lowlands is updated. These taxa provide reliable ages (within \textasciitilde0.2 ka), based on historical shell dating, shell-organic age comparisons, and stratigraphic consistency. A compilation of 53 new and 36 published Peoria Silt shell ages (calibrated), from 12 localities, date from 30.0 to 17.4 ka. Proximal (fossiliferous) loess from 10 sections had mean loess accumulation rates of 0.6{\textendash}2.2 mm/yr. Study sites along the upper Mississippi, Illinois, to mid-Mississippi, and Ohio-Wabash Valleys suggest Peoria loess accumulated from \textasciitilde27 to 15 ka, \textasciitilde29 to 18 ka, and \textasciitilde30 to 18 ka, respectively. The cessation age for Peoria Silt, based on surface extrapolations, is \textasciitilde1{\textendash}6 ka earlier than some prior Illinois estimates, even assuming slower loess accumulation in the modern solum. Younger loess in northwestern Illinois likely reflects, in part, Superior and Des Moines Lobe glacial-meltwater sediment, and Iowan Erosion Surface inputs to the upper Mississippi Valley, after the Lake Michigan Lobe receded. Furthermore, stronger winds, drier conditions, and reduced vegetation cover in valley deflation areas may have favored higher accumulation rates and later loess deposition in northwestern relative to southeastern areas.},
	keywords = {chronology, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Last Glacial, Loess, Peoria Silt, radiocarbon, Succineidae, Wisconsin Episode},
	issn = {0033-5894, 1096-0287},
	doi = {10.1017/qua.2024.15},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/quaternary-research/article/updated-chronology-for-peoria-silt-loess-accumulation-in-illinois-and-western-indiana-from-radiocarbon-dating-of-terrestrial-gastropod-shells/67CEEB07C31701FF4C2095346BD07F99},
	author = {Grimley, David A. and Loope, Henry M. and Jacobs, Peter M. and Nash, T. Andrew and Dendy, Sarah N. and Conroy, Jessica L. and Curry, B. Brandon}
}
@article {castrillejo_comparability_2023,
	title = {Comparability of Radiocarbon Measurements in Dissolved Inorganic Carbon of Seawater Produced at ETH-Zurich},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	year = {2023},
	note = {Publisher: Cambridge University Press},
	month = {03/2023},
	pages = {1{\textendash}10},
	abstract = {Radiocarbon observations (Δ14C) in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of seawater provide useful information about ocean carbon cycling and ocean circulation. To deliver high-quality observations, the Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics (LIP) at ETH-Zurich developed a new simplified method allowing the rapid analysis of radiocarbon in DIC of small seawater samples, which is continually assessed by following internal quality controls. However, a comparison with externally produced 14C measurements to better establish an equivalency between methods was still missing. Here, we make the first intercomparison with the National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (NOSAMS) facility based on 14 duplicate seawater samples collected in 2020. We also compare with prior deep-water observations from the 1970s to 1990s. The results show a very good agreement in both comparisons. The mean Δ14C of 12 duplicate samples measured by LIP and NOSAMS were statistically identical within one sigma uncertainty while two other duplicate samples agreed within two sigma. Based on this small number of duplicate samples, LIP values appear to be slightly lower than the NOSAMS values, but more measurements will be needed for confirmation. We also comment on storage and preservation techniques used in this study, including the freezing of samples collected in foil bags.},
	keywords = {14C, comparison, DIC, dissolved inorganic carbon, radiocarbon, SEAWATER},
	issn = {0033-8222, 1945-5755},
	doi = {10.1017/RDC.2023.16},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/radiocarbon/article/comparability-of-radiocarbon-measurements-in-dissolved-inorganic-carbon-of-seawater-produced-at-ethzurich/B9F6C6AA45835FA3ED0BF8E0CD9788E3},
	author = {Castrillejo, Maxi and Hansman, Roberta L. and Graven, Heather D. and Lester, Joanna G. and Bollhalder, Silvia and K{\"u}ndig, Kayley and Wacker, Lukas}
}
@article {jiang_comparing_2023,
	title = {Comparing the isotopic and molecular composition of dissolved organic carbon between the oligotrophic South China Sea and the adjacent North Pacific Ocean: Signals of biodegradation, conservative mixing, and terrestrial input},
	journal = {Marine Chemistry},
	volume = {257},
	year = {2023},
	month = {11/2023},
	pages = {104331},
	abstract = {The cycling of oceanic dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is a crucial component of the global carbon cycle, yet the identification of sources and the mechanisms of its molecular transformation remain poorly understood. This study compared the isotopic and molecular composition of DOC between the oligotrophic South China Sea (SCS) and the adjacent North Pacific Ocean (NPO), and traced both its allochthonous and autochthonous sources as well as its dynamic cycling processes. DOC was collected through solid-phase extraction (SPE) from water samples of both the SCS and NPO. Carbon content, isotopic ratios, and high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) measurements revealed that SPE-DOC contained both labile and refractory fractions. According to our mass balance model, the labile fraction of SPE-DOC exhibited a decline from 11.5 to 12.6~μM in surface waters to a negligible concentration below 1000~m. Conversely, the refractory fraction of SPE-RDOC maintained a relatively consistent value, ranging from 12.7 to 19.0~μM across the entire water column. The vertical distribution patterns of the molecular composition and carbon isotopic ratios jointly indicated that the DOC distributions are shaped by distinct biological and physical processes within different biogeochemical realms of the water column. The production and transformation of the relatively labile DOC fractions were the dominant processes in the epipelagic and mesopelagic zones (upper 1000~m). The extent of diapycnal mixing between the SCS and NPO explained the different vertical distributions of refractory DOC molecules in the bathypelagic oceans. The molecular indices of polyphenol compounds, aromaticity, double bond saturation state, terrestrial mass peaks, and δ13C ratios of SPE-DOC indicated contributions from terrestrial sources, likely riverine input, in the SCS. This study sheds light on the molecular evidence of DOC sources, as well as their transformation and conservative mixing processes along the overturning circulation in marginal seas.},
	keywords = {carbon isotopes, dissolved organic carbon, FT-ICR-MS, North pacific ocean, radiocarbon, south china sea},
	issn = {0304-4203},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marchem.2023.104331},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304420323001275},
	author = {Jiang, Peng and Chen, Hongmei and Liu, Zhanfei and Li, Xiaolin}
}
@article {chu_earthquake-enhanced_2023,
	title = {Earthquake-enhanced dissolved carbon cycles in ultra-deep ocean sediments},
	journal = {Nature Communications},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2023},
	month = {09/2023},
	pages = {5427},
	abstract = {Hadal trenches are unique geological and ecological systems located along subduction zones. Earthquake-triggered turbidites act as efficient transport pathways of organic carbon (OC), yet remineralization and transformation of OC in these systems are not comprehensively understood. Here we measure concentrations and stable- and radiocarbon isotope signatures of dissolved organic and inorganic carbon (DOC, DIC) in the subsurface sediment interstitial water along the Japan Trench axis collected during the IODP Expedition 386. We find accumulation and aging of DOC and DIC in the subsurface sediments, which we interpret as enhanced production of labile dissolved carbon owing to earthquake-triggered turbidites, which supports intensive microbial methanogenesis in the trench sediments. The residual dissolved carbon accumulates in deep subsurface sediments and may continue to fuel the deep biosphere. Tectonic events can therefore enhance carbon accumulation and stimulate carbon transformation in plate convergent trench systems, which may accelerate carbon export into the subduction zones., Earthquakes enhance dissolved carbon production and fuel the microbial activities in hadal trench subsurface sediments, and ultimately strengthen carbon accumulation and transformation in the subduction zones.},
	issn = {2041-1723},
	doi = {10.1038/s41467-023-41116-w},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-41116-w},
	author = {Chu, Mengfan and Bao, Rui and Strasser, Michael and Ikehara, Ken and Everest, Jez and Maeda, Lena and Hochmuth, Katharina and Xu, Li and McNichol, Ann and Bellanova, Piero and Rasbury, Troy and K{\"o}lling, Martin and Riedinger, Natascha and Johnson, Joel and Luo, Min and M{\"a}rz, Christian and Straub, Susanne and Jitsuno, Kana and Brunet, Morgane and Cai, Zhirong and Cattaneo, Antonio and Hsiung, Kanhsi and Ishizawa, Takashi and Itaki, Takuya and Kanamatsu, Toshiya and Keep, Myra and Kioka, Arata and McHugh, Cecilia and Micallef, Aaron and Pandey, Dhananjai and Proust, Jean No{\"e}l and Satoguchi, Yasufumi and Sawyer, Derek and Seibert, Chlo{\'e} and Silver, Maxwell and Virtasalo, Joonas and Wang, Yonghong and Wu, Ting-Wei and Zellers, Sarah}
}
@article {linscott_geology_2023,
	title = {Geology constrains biomineralization expression and functional trait distribution in the Mountainsnails},
	journal = {Journal of Biogeography},
	volume = {50},
	number = {12},
	year = {2023},
	note = {_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jbi.14723},
	month = {12/2023},
	pages = {2122{\textendash}2134},
	abstract = {Aim Geographic variation in metabolic resources necessary for functional trait expression can set limits on species distributions. For species that need to produce and maintain biomineralized traits for survival, spatial variation in mineral macronutrients may constrain species distributions by limiting the expression of biomineralized traits. Here, we examine whether Oreohelix land snails that express heavily biomineralized shell ornaments are restricted to CaCO3 rock regions, if they incorporate greater amounts of CaCO3 rock carbon in their shell than less biomineralized smooth forms, and if ornamentation increases shell strength. Location Western United States. Taxon Oreohelix land snails. Methods We used random forest classification models at multiple spatial resolutions to evaluate the contribution of topographic, vegetation, climate, and geologic variables in predicting the presence of heavily biomineralized shell ornaments across the range of Oreohelix. We then measured and compared shell biometric variables, 14C/12C ratios, and peak force for fracture for ornamented and smooth forms from calcareous and non-calcareous substrates. Results Distance to CaCO3 rock was the most important variable in all models and closer proximity to CaCO3 rock was associated with greater probability of local ornamentation classification. Pairwise comparisons of 14C/12C ratios in closely occurring ornamented vs. smooth population pairs revealed ornamented forms incorporate greater CaCO3 rock carbon than smooth forms. Ornamented types measured in this study were generally heavier and required greater peak force for fracture than smooth forms, except when comparing ornamented forms to smooth forms sampled from CaCO3 rock. Main Conclusions Biomineralization expression, species distribution, and trait function appear to be constrained by mineral supply in a highly diverse group of land snails. This trait-environment relationship provides a basis for future investigations of CaCO3 macronutrient constraints on shell form and species distribution in other terrestrial molluscs and has a direct impact on the management of Oreohelix species.},
	keywords = {calcareous rock, ecophysiological constraint, functional biogeography, land snail, ornamentation, random forest, resource availability},
	issn = {1365-2699},
	doi = {10.1111/jbi.14723},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jbi.14723},
	author = {Linscott, T. Mason and Recla, Nicole K. and Parent, Christine E.}
}
@article {bianchette_machine_2023,
	title = {Machine learning based anomaly detection for sedimentological data: Application to a Holocene multi-proxy paleoenvironmental reconstruction from Laguna Boquita, Jalisco, Mexico},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {464},
	year = {2023},
	month = {08/2023},
	pages = {107125},
	abstract = {Paleoenvironmental reconstructions are critical to determine past climatological and hydrological conditions, such as sea-level rise (SLR) and extreme events including hurricanes and tsunamis. While established quantitative methods, such as principal components analysis and discriminant analysis, have effectively aided reconstructions by demarcating stratigraphic zones, they suffer from limitations due to the underlying assumptions (linearity, normality). Here, we introduce the machine learning technique anomaly detection for sedimentological reconstructions, capable of objectively pinpointing events (anomalies) in sediment cores. We tested this technique on five sediment cores extracted from Laguna Boquita, located along the Pacific coast of Mexico. Each core was subjected to high resolution loss-on-ignition, while the most representative core (core 1) was deemed the training core and scanned with a handheld XRF unit. In general, the sediment cores were dominated by thick units of peat and/or clay, and most cores contained sand layers. This reconstruction represents many environmental settings, ranging from a sandy terrestrial environment (\~{}6830-~\~{}~6370~cal~yr BP), organic-rich wetland (\~{}6370-~\~{}~5170~cal~yr BP), and clastic-rich backbarrier lagoon (\~{}5170~cal~yr BP to present). The anomaly detection technique proved effective in marking many events, including marine transgression, evidence of SLR, transitions separating dominant depositional environments, and, perhaps most notably, a faded blue clay layer with minimal LOI variability that may represent a shift in backbarrier water level. The anomaly detection also registered anomalies when events were not visually distinct nor present in the LOI datasets (false positives), which represent sediment core sections that require further investigation with multiple proxies. However, anomaly detection failed to register anomalies in certain core sections that should have registered as events due to their distinct nature. Future efforts will look to improve anomaly detection by choosing different train cores and adding additional proxy datasets.},
	keywords = {Loss-on-ignition, Machine learning, Paleoclimate, peat, Radiocarbon dating, x-ray fluorescence},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2023.107125},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025322723001378},
	author = {Bianchette, Thomas A. and Pandey, Vijitashwa and Mollan, Calahan and Hall, Sawyer and McCloskey, Terrence A. and Liu, Kam-biu}
}
@article {faulkner_modeling_2023,
	title = {Modeling the dynamic penetration depth of post-1950s water in unconfined aquifers using environmental tracers: Central Valley, California},
	journal = {Journal of Hydrology},
	volume = {616},
	year = {2023},
	month = {01/2023},
	pages = {128818},
	abstract = {The penetration depth of post-1950s recharge (D-1950) in aquifers is a marker that is frequently used to identify groundwater that is susceptible to anthropogenic contamination. Here, we compute D-1950 values at wells, interpolate them in space, and project them across time to map the moving front of modern recharge in four dimensions in the Central Valley aquifer system, California, USA. Tracers of groundwater age (tritium, carbon-14, noble gases, sulfur hexafluoride, and chlorofluorocarbons) were collected at 650 wells spatially distributed throughout the Central Valley and were fit to a lumped-parameter model that assumes a logarithmic age-depth profile in the aquifer. For samples where tritium was present (>0.3 tritium units), the model was used to predict D-1950 at wells screened above or across the modern-premodern interface (n~=~484). Wells with samples where tritium was absent (<=0.3 tritium units) were used to define the depth beyond which groundwater is completely premodern (n~=~166). Predicted D-1950 values were below the depth of screen bottoms for wells where groundwater is completely modern, and above the depth of screen tops for wells where groundwater is completely premodern. The interpolated surface of D-1950 is dynamic, less prone to extreme values, and produces maps with lower interpolation errors due to a higher spatial density of wells than maps based on the depth of premodern groundwater. Between 2005 and 2025, D-1950 is expected to deepen by 11 and 12~m in the northern and southern parts of the Central Valley, respectively. Areas where D-1950 increases rapidly are likely to see increases in nitrate and other anthropogenic contaminants associated with the downward moving front of modern water.},
	keywords = {Environmental tracers, Groundwater age, Lumped-parameter model},
	issn = {0022-1694},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.128818},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169422013889},
	author = {Faulkner, Kirsten E. and Jurgens, Bryant C. and Voss, Stefan A. and Dupuy, Danielle I. and Levy, Zeno F.}
}
@article {stlaurent_new_2023,
	title = {New insights on black carbon in pelagic Atlantic sediments},
	journal = {Marine Chemistry},
	year = {2023},
	month = {09/2023},
	pages = {104312},
	abstract = {Black carbon (BC) is ubiquitous in pelagic sediments and presumed to have an older radiocarbon age due to long ocean residence times and pre-aging in terrestrial soils. Here, we analyzed sediments from five regions in the subtropical Atlantic Ocean to quantify the black carbon fraction of the total organic carbon pool. Black carbon, derived from the chemothermal oxidation method, comprised between 17 {\textpm} 6\% of the sedimentary organic carbon in the Northwest Argentina Basin and 65 {\textpm} 18\% in the Amazon Delta. Black carbon sediment accumulation rates were six times greater in the Sierra Leone Rise (8.4 {\textpm} 4.1 mg cm-2 kyr-1) compared to the remote Northwest Argentina Basin (1.3 {\textpm} 0.4 mg cm-2 kyr-1), possibly due to enhanced regional atmospheric deposition from annual African grassland fires. The radiocarbon age for BC from subtropical Atlantic sediments were more modern compared to the bulk total organic carbon, and BC source was apportioned as biomass burning byproducts from their stable carbon isotopic signatures and characteristic ratios of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. This study demonstrated that subtropical Atlantic Ocean sediments serve as an important sink for young BC.},
	keywords = {Atlantic Ocean, BLACK CARBON, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, radiocarbon, sediments},
	issn = {0304-4203},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marchem.2023.104312},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304420323001081},
	author = {St.Laurent, Kari and Cantwell, Mark and Lohmann, Rainer}
}
@article {schwing_organic_2023,
	title = {Organic carbon and planktic foraminifera radiocarbon derived Holocene sediment accumulation rates in the northern slopes of the Gulf of Mexico},
	journal = {Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers},
	volume = {193},
	year = {2023},
	month = {03/2023},
	pages = {103959},
	abstract = {In the context of climate regulation and anthropogenic waste detoxification (e.g. oil spills), estimates of deep ocean sedimentation and carbon sequestration are of the utmost importance. Radiocarbon (14C) is a common radioisotope that can be used to establish millennial scale sediment accumulation rates. The objectives of this study were to: 1) establish ages for co-occurring total organic carbon (TOC) and planktic foraminifera (carbonate) in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico (GoM), 2) use these ages to estimate accumulation rates independently, 3) identify any evidence of redistribution, and 4) examine any offset between TOC and carbonate 14C ages as a tool to potentially identify selective TOC transport. Sediment samples were collected in May 2018 from the RV Point Sur using an Ocean Instruments MC-800 multi corer. Radiocarbon measurements of both planktic foraminifera and TOC subsamples were made at the National Ocean Science Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Facility (NOSAMS). Radiocarbon ages, calibrated using the OxCal 4.4, ranged from recent to 6407 BP. Linear (LAR: 4{\textendash}24~cm/kyr) and mass accumulation rates (MAR: 1.5{\textendash}11.5~g/cm2/kyr) were generally consistent with those reported by other recent studies in the GoM. At two sites, C14 ages decreased from the surface to the second sampling increment which was consistent with sediment redistribution. The TOC-carbonate offsets, which are indicative of lateral advection and organic matter aging, were lower than those found in the majority of other regions, which was consistent with less lateral transport or a more oligotrophic setting. The magnitude in radiocarbon age offsets with depth could potentially be used as a relative aging or transport assessment tool in areas with little resuspension.},
	keywords = {accumulation rates, Foraminifera, Gulf of Mexico, radiocarbon, Radiogeochemistry},
	issn = {0967-0637},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dsr.2022.103959},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967063722002722},
	author = {Schwing, Patrick and Chanton, Jeffrey and Bosman, Samantha and Brooks, Gregg and Larson, Rebekka A. and Romero, Isabel and Diercks, Arne}
}
@article {liu_pre-aged_2023,
	title = {Pre-aged terrigenous organic carbon biases ocean ventilation-age reconstructions in the North Atlantic},
	journal = {Nature Communications},
	volume = {14},
	number = {1},
	year = {2023},
	note = {Number: 1 Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},
	month = {06/2023},
	abstract = {Changes in ocean ventilation have been pivotal in regulating carbon sequestration and release on centennial to millennial timescales. However, paleoceanographic reconstructions documenting changes in deep-ocean ventilation using 14C dating, may bear multidimensional explanations, obfuscating the roles of ocean ventilation played on climate evolution. Here, we show that previously inferred poorly ventilated conditions in the North Atlantic were linked to enhanced pre-aged organic carbon (OC) input during Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1). The 14C age of sedimentary OC was approximately 13,345 {\textpm} 692 years older than the coeval foraminifera in the central North Atlantic during HS1, which is coupled to a ventilation age of 5,169 {\textpm} 660 years. Old OC was mainly of terrigenous origin and exported to the North Atlantic by ice-rafting. Remineralization of old terrigenous OC in the ocean may have contributed to, at least in part, the anomalously old ventilation ages reported for the high-latitude North Atlantic during HS1.},
	keywords = {Carbon cycle, Marine chemistry, Palaeoceanography},
	issn = {2041-1723},
	doi = {10.1038/s41467-023-39490-6},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-39490-6},
	author = {Liu, Jingyu and Wang, Yipeng and Jaccard, Samuel L. and Wang, Nan and Gong, Xun and Fang, Nianqiao and Bao, Rui}
}
@article {lu_surface_2023,
	title = {Surface climate signals transmitted rapidly to deep North Atlantic throughout last millennium},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {382},
	number = {6672},
	year = {2023},
	note = {Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science},
	month = {11/2023},
	pages = {834{\textendash}839},
	chapter = {834},
	abstract = {Instrumental observations of subsurface ocean warming imply that ocean heat uptake has slowed 20th-century surface warming. We present high-resolution records from subpolar North Atlantic sediments that are consistent with instrumental observations of surface and deep warming/freshening and in addition reconstruct the surface-deep relation of the last 1200 years. Sites from \textasciitilde1300 meters and deeper suggest an \textasciitilde0.5 degrees celsius cooling across the Medieval Climate Anomaly to Little Ice Age transition that began \textasciitilde1350 {\textpm} 50 common era (CE), whereas surface records suggest asynchronous cooling onset spanning \textasciitilde600 years. These data suggest that ocean circulation integrates surface variability that is transmitted rapidly to depth by the Atlantic Meridional Ocean Circulation, implying that the ocean moderated Earth{\textquoteright}s surface temperature throughout the last millennium as it does today.},
	doi = {10.1126/science.adf1646},
	url = {https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adf1646},
	author = {Lu, Wanyi and Oppo, Delia W. and Gebbie, Geoffrey and Thornalley, David J. R.}
}
@article {2962,
	title = {A 4000-year paleoenvironmental reconstruction and extreme event record from Laguna Nuxco, Guerrero, Mexico},
	journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},
	volume = {594},
	year = {2022},
	month = {Jan-05-2022},
	pages = {110933},
	abstract = {Reconstructing paleoenvironments on Mexico{\textquoteright}s Pacific coast is crucial to determine past climate conditions and natural hazard periodicities, vital for predicting future activities. Two sediment cores extracted from Laguna Nuxco, a coastal lagoon in Guerrero, were analyzed to provide a 4000-year paleoenvironmental record. Sediments dominated by shelly clay with low water and organic content, high carbonate content, low Ti/Ca ratio and the presence of Anomalocardia subrugosa suggest that a sheltered bay existed from ~4000{\textendash}~1300 cal yr BP. During this stage, intermittent beach ridge gaps facilitated the deposition of storm-induced shell deposits, likely from tropical cyclones. Frequent thick shell hash deposition toward the top of the lithologic unit indicates heightened storminess likely from an increase in ENSO activity. An intense tropical cyclone, or perhaps multiple storms during an active period deposited a thick shell hash layer at ~1500 cal yr BP, which helped strengthen the beach ridge system and lead to the modern lagoon phase (~1300 cal yr BP to present), as suggested by the presence of Mytella sp. A more isolated lagoon with significant terrestrial sediment input was reflected by the predominance of lagoonal clay with decreased shell and carbonate contents, increased water and organic contents, and increased Ti/Ca ratio. A quiet period with lower tropical cyclone activity occurred from 1300 to 800 cal yr BP and from 300 cal yr BP to the present, as inferred from no or relatively few shell hash deposits, respectively. A period of hyperactivity occurred from 800 to 300 cal yr BP, as evidenced by seven shell hash layers. During the modern lagoon phase, shell hash deposition was not caused by marine inundation processes, but rather {\textquoteleft}blowout{\textquoteright} events driven by intense precipitation during heightened ENSO activity. Findings shed additional light on Late Holocene environmental changes in a dynamic coastal zone related to regional controlling factors such as tropical cyclone activity, ENSO, and beach ridge development.},
	issn = {00310182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2022.110933},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031018222001031},
	author = {Bianchette, Thomas A. and Liu, Kam-biu and McCloskey, Terrence A.}
}
@article {2956,
	title = {Black carbon and organic carbon dataset over the Third Pole},
	journal = {Earth System Science Data},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2022},
	month = {Jan-01-2022},
	pages = {683 - 707},
	abstract = {Abstract. The Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings, also known as the Third Pole, play an important role in the global and regional climate and hydrological cycle. Carbonaceous aerosols (CAs), including black carbon (BC) and organic carbon (OC), can directly or indirectly absorb and scatter solar radiation and change the energy balance on the Earth. CAs, along with the other atmospheric pollutants (e.g., mercury), can be frequently transported over long distances into the inland Tibetan Plateau. During the last decades, a coordinated monitoring network and research program named {\textquotedblleft}Atmospheric Pollution and Cryospheric Changes{\textquotedblright} (APCC) has been gradually set up and continuously operated within the Third Pole regions to investigate the linkage between atmospheric pollutants and cryospheric changes. This paper presents a systematic dataset of BC, OC, water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), and water-insoluble organic carbon (WIOC) from aerosols (20 stations), glaciers (17 glaciers, including samples from surface snow and ice, snow pits, and 2 ice cores), snow cover (2 stations continuously observed and 138 locations surveyed once), precipitation (6 stations), and lake sediment cores (7 lakes) collected across the Third Pole, based on the APCC program. These data were created based on online (in situ) and laboratory measurements. High-resolution (daily scale) atmospheric-equivalent BC concentrations were obtained by using an Aethalometer (AE-33) in the Mt. Everest (Qomolangma) region, which can provide new insight into the mechanism of BC transportation over the Himalayas. Spatial distributions of BC, OC, WSOC, and WIOC from aerosols, glaciers, snow cover, and precipitation indicated different features among the different regions of the Third Pole, which were mostly influenced by emission sources, transport pathways, and deposition processes. Historical records of BC from ice cores and lake sediment cores revealed the strength of the impacts of human activity since the Industrial Revolution. BC isotopes from glaciers and aerosols identified the relative contributions of biomass and fossil fuel combustion to BC deposition on the Third Pole. Mass absorption cross sections of BC and WSOC from aerosol, glaciers, snow cover, and precipitation samples were also provided. This updated dataset is released to the scientific communities focusing on atmospheric science, cryospheric science, hydrology, climatology, and environmental science. The related datasets are presented in the form of excel files. BC and OC datasets over the Third Pole are available to download from the National Cryosphere Desert Data Center (https://doi.org/10.12072/ncdc.NIEER.db0114.2021; Kang and Zhang, 2021).},
	doi = {10.5194/essd-14-683-2022},
	url = {https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/14/683/2022/},
	author = {Kang, Shichang and Zhang, Yulan and Chen, Pengfei and Guo, Junming and Zhang, Qianggong and Cong, Zhiyuan and Kaspari, Susan and Tripathee, Lekhendra and Gao, Tanguang and Niu, Hewen and Zhong, Xinyue and Chen, Xintong and Hu, Zhaofu and Li, Xiaofei and Li, Yang and Neupane, Bigyan and Yan, Fangping and Rupakheti, Dipesh and Gul, Chaman and Zhang, Wei and Wu, Guangming and Yang, Ling and Wang, Zhaoqing and Li, Chaoliu}
}
@article {2972,
	title = {Comparing paleo-oxygenation proxies (benthic foraminiferal surface porosity, I/Ca, authigenic uranium) on modern sediments and the glacial Arabian Sea},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {331},
	year = {2022},
	month = {08/2022},
	pages = {69 - 85},
	abstract = {Oceanic oxygen reconstructions of the last glacial period are needed to understand the mechanisms of glacial deep ocean carbon storage and to validate climate model simulations. However, existing bottom-water oxygen (BWO) reconstructions are ambiguous due to limitations of each paleo-BWO proxy. Here we present data on three proxies for BWO: benthic foraminiferal surface porosity, benthic foraminiferal iodine/calcium (I/Ca), and authigenic uranium (aU), from globally distributed core-top samples, and we evaluate the potential advantages and limitations of these BWO proxies on global and regional scales. All three proxies are most sensitive to changes at relatively low BWO concentrations (<\~{}50 {\textmu}mol/kg). Data from globally-distributed core tops confirm that foraminiferal surface porosity is correlated with BWO between 0 and 100 {\textmu}mol/kg. Our analysis further confirms that benthic surface porosity is predominantly controlled directly by BWO rather than other potential functionalities of surface pores such as organic carbon uptake and respiratory CO2 release. Low benthic I/Ca can identify low BWO (<50 {\textmu}mol/kg), whereas higher benthic I/Ca values are not associated with specific BWO, possibly due to additional dependence of I/Ca on temperature, salinity, carbonate ion concentration, or water mass mixing at higher BWO. The relationship between aU and BWO is regionally dependent. In the Arabian Sea, variable aU enrichments occur only within the Oxygen Minimum Zone (OMZ), driven by high export production and organic matter fluxes to the sediment. Finally, we combine foraminiferal surface porosity, I/Ca and aU to generate the first quantitative glacial-Holocene BWO reconstructions using a sediment core taken from within the modern Arabian Sea OMZ. All three proxies consistently suggest BWO < 50 μmol/kg in the shallow Arabian Sea during the last \~{}30 kyr, with relatively higher BWO during the glacial period than the Holocene. A comparison with the benthic carbon isotope gradient proxy (Δδ13C) confirms that Δδ13C over-estimates BWO in low-oxygen settings possibly due to sediment diagenesis impacts. Our study provides new insights on the merits and limitations of these BWO proxies and confirms the importance of multi-proxy reconstructions for more reliable paleo-BWO estimates.

},
	keywords = {13 Climate Action},
	isbn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2022.06.001},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016703722002666},
	author = {Lu, Wanyi and Wang, Yi and Oppo, Delia W. and Nielsen, Sune G. and Costa, Kassandra M.}
}
@article {2966,
	title = {Geochemistry and Provenance of Springs in a Baja California Sur Mountain Catchment},
	journal = {Groundwater},
	volume = {60},
	year = {2022},
	month = {Jan-03-2022},
	pages = {295 - 308},
	abstract = {Fractured rock aquifers cover much of Earth{\textquoteright}s surface and are important mountain sites for groundwater recharge but are poorly understood. To investigate groundwater systematics of a fractured-dominated aquifer in Baja California Sur, Mexico, we examined the spatial patterns of aquifer recharge and connectivity using the geochemistry of springs. We evaluate a range of geochemical data within the context of two endmember hypotheses describing spatial recharge patterns and fracture connectivity. Hypothesis 1 is that the aquifer system is segmented, and springs are fed by local recharge. Hypothesis 2 is that the aquifer system is well connected, with dominant recharge occurring in the higher elevations. The study site is a small <15 km2 catchment. Thirty-four distinct springs and two wells were identified in the study area, and 24 of these sites were sampled for geochemical analyses along an elevation gradient and canyon transect. These analyses included major ion composition, trace element and strontium isotopes, δ18 O and δ2 H isotopes, radiocarbon, and tritium. δ18 O and δ2 H isotopes suggest that the precipitation feeding the groundwater system has at least two distinct sources. Carbon isotopes showed a change along the canyon transect, suggesting that shorter flowpaths feed springs in the top of the transect, and longer flowpaths discharge near the bottom. Geochemical interpretations support a combination of the two proposed hypotheses. Understanding of the connectivity and provenance of these springs is significant as they are the primary source of water for the communities that inhabit this region and may be impacted by changes in recharge and use.},
	issn = {0017-467X},
	doi = {10.1111/gwat.v60.210.1111/gwat.13177},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/17456584/60/2},
	author = {Lerback, Jory C. and Bowen, Brenda B. and Humphrey, C. E. and Fernandez, Diego. P. and Bernau, Jeremiah A. and Macfarlan, Shane J. and Schniter, Eric and Garcia, J. J.}
}
@article {2954,
	title = {Glacial isostatic adjustment near the center of the former Patagonian Ice Sheet (48{\textdegree}S) during the last 16.5 kyr},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {277},
	year = {2022},
	month = {Jan-02-2022},
	pages = {107346},
	abstract = {Our understanding of glacial isostatic rebound across Patagonia is highly limited, despite its importance to constrain past ice volume estimates and better comprehend relative sea-level variations. With this in mind, our research objective is to reconstruct the magnitude and rate of Late Glacial and Holocene glacial isostatic adjustment near the center of the former Patagonian Ice Sheet. We focus on Larenas Bay (48{\textdegree}S; 1.26 km2), which is connected to Baker Channel through a shallow (7.4 m) and narrow (ca. 150 m across) inlet, and hence has the potential to record periods of basin isolation and marine ingression. The paleoenvironmental evolution of the bay was investigated through a sedimentological analysis of a 9.2 m long radiocarbon-dated sediment core covering the last 16.8 kyr. Salinity indicators, including diatom paleoecology, alkenone concentrations and CaCO3 content, were used to reconstruct the bay{\textquoteright}s connectivity to the fjord. Results indicate that Larenas Bay was a marine environment before 16.5 cal kyr BP and after 9.1 cal kyr BP, but that it was disconnected from Baker Channel in-between. We infer that the postglacial rebound started before 16.5 cal kyr BP and that it outpaced global sea-level rise until slightly before 9.1 cal kyr BP. During the Late Glacial and early Holocene, the center of the former Patagonian Ice Sheet experienced an absolute uplift of ca. 96 m, at an average rate of 1.3 cm/yr. During the remainder of the Holocene, glacial isostatic adjustment continued (ca. 20 m), but at a slower average pace of 0.2 cm/yr. Comparisons between multi-millennial variations in the salinity indicators and existing records of global sea-level rise suggest that the glacial isostatic adjustment rate also fluctuated within these time intervals, likely in response to glacier dynamics. More specifically, most of the glacial isostatic adjustment registered between 16.5 {\textendash} 9.1 cal kyr BP seems to have occurred before meltwater pulse 1A (14.5 {\textendash} 14.0 kyr BP). Likewise, it appears that the highest glacial isostatic rebound rates of the last 9.1 kyr occurred during the late Holocene, most likely in response to glacier recession from their Neoglacial maxima. This implies a relatively rapid response of the local solid earth to ice unloading, which agrees with independent modelling studies investigating contemporary uplift. We conclude that the center of the former Patagonian Ice Sheet experienced a glacial isostatic adjustment of ca. 116 m over the last 16.5 kyr, and that >80\% occurred during the Late Glacial and early Holocene.},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107346},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379121005539},
	author = {Troch, Matthias and Bertrand, S{\'e}bastien and Lange, Carina B. and C{\'a}rdenas, Paola and Arz, Helge and Pantoja-Guti{\'e}rrez, Silvio and De Pol-Holz, Ricardo and Kilian, Rolf}
}
@article {2945,
	title = {Hydrological and thermodynamic controls on late Holocene gypsum formation by mixing saline groundwater and Dead Sea brine},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {316},
	year = {2022},
	month = {Jan-01-2022},
	pages = {363 - 383},
	abstract = {The rapid retreat of the Dead Sea during the past four decades led to the exposure of unique structures of massive gypsum along the shores. Many of these structures (having the shape of mounds) are associated with the activity of Ein Qedem-type saline springs that currently discharge Ca-chloride brine to the lake. Field observations, radiocarbon dating of aragonite (within the gypsum mounds) that yield ancient ages, and the narrow range of 834S and 818O values (d34Sgyp: 14.1-16.9\%; d18Ogyp: 14.4-16.5\%) indicates that the formation of the gypsum structures is related to the mixing of brines: the Dead Sea brine and ancient (last glacial) Ein Qedem type brine. These are Ca-chloride brines having different salinities and sulfur concentrations that satisfy conditions of an outsalting process whereby supersaturation of gypsum is attained by the mixing of these two brines in the offshore shallow water environment. Thermodynamic calculations (using the PHREEQC software) show that gypsum outsalting occurred when both brines were enriched with sulfate as compared to the present. The Ein-Qedem brine had higher sulfate when subjected to less intensive bacterial sulfate reduction. The Dead Sea was characterized by higher sulfate concentrations during intervals of low lake stands. The conditions of higher sulfate concentrations and enhanced discharge of the saline springs occurred repeatedly in the Dead Sea between -6.6 to 0.6 ka and were intermittent with periods of enhanced supply of sulfate to the lake by freshwaters.},
	keywords = {BrinesSaline springs, Dead Sea, Hydroclimate, Lacustrine Gypsum, Outsalting, Thermodynamic modeling},
	issn = {00167037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2021.10.002},
	url = {https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000730092400010?AlertId=ab9062f8-b111-4f95-a2b8-66e7afac0471\&SID=8Dkzxr6qseeJz1VEtb3},
	author = {Weber, Nurit and Antler, Gilad and Lazar, Boaz and Stein, Mordechai and Yechieli, Yoseph and Gavrieli, Ittai}
}
@article {2963,
	title = {Indian monsoon variability during the past \~{}8.5~cal~kyr as recorded in the sediments of the northeastern Arabian Sea},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	year = {2022},
	month = {Jan-04-2022},
	abstract = {We analyzed benthic and planktic foraminifera, total organic carbon and stable isotopes ratios of carbon and oxygen from 100 samples of marine sediment Core ABP, 25/03, off Gujarat in the northeastern Arabian Sea. Factor and cluster analyses of thirty highest-ranked benthic foraminifer species enabled to identify seven biofacies in the study sequence characterizing major changes in deep-sea environments during the past \~{}8.5 cal kyr. The benthic foraminiferal data has been combined with population abundances of upwelling indicator planktic foraminifer Globigerina bulloides and mixed layer species from Core ABP, 25/03 and compared with that from ODP Hole 723A and Core ABP, 25/02, western and eastern Arabian Sea, respectively. A major change in benthic foraminifera occurs during \~{}8.5 to 6 cal kyr BP, when the summer monsoon was stronger whereas during 6 to 2 cal kyr BP, the data suggest a weak summer monsoon. Planktic foraminifer Globigerina bulloides does not show any significant trend in the study core, but deep thermocline species Neogloboquadrina dutertrei and mixed layer species show significant trend with an inverse correlation with the TOC. This core records high TOC from \~{}6.5 to 4 cal kyr BP and during the last 2 cal kyr and low TOC during \~{}8.5 to 6.5 cal kyr BP and 4 to 2 cal kyr BP. It is interesting to note intervals of high mixed layer species coincide with high Neogloboquadrina dutertrei percentages and low TOC values at Core ABP, 25/03 during 8.5 to 6.5 cal kyr BP.The faunal data is supported by carbon and oxygen isotope ratios (δ13C and δ18O) of shells of benthic foraminifer Cibicides spp. to strengthen our understanding of changes in the eastern Arabian Sea since \~{}8.5 cal kyr BP.},
	issn = {10406182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2022.03.016},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S104061822200115X},
	author = {Ravichandran, M. and Gupta, Anil K. and Mohan, K. and Tiwari, Sameer K. and Lakshumanan, C. and Panigrahi, M.K.}
}
@article {2965,
	title = {In-phase millennial-scale glacier changes in the tropics and North Atlantic regions during the HoloceneAbstract},
	journal = {Nature Communications},
	volume = {13},
	year = {2022},
	month = {Jan-12-2022},
	abstract = {Based on new and published cosmic-ray exposure chronologies, we show that glacier extent in the tropical Andes and the north Atlantic regions (TANAR) varied in-phase on millennial timescales during the Holocene, distinct from other regions. Glaciers experienced an early Holocene maximum extent, followed by a strong mid-Holocene retreat and a re-advance in the late Holocene. We further explore the potential forcing of TANAR glacier variations using transient climate simulations. Since the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) evolution is poorly represented in these transient simulations, we develop a semi-empirical model to estimate the {\textquotedblleft}AMOC-corrected{\textquotedblright} temperature and precipitation footprint at regional scales. We show that variations in the AMOC strength during the Holocene are consistent with the observed glacier changes. Our findings highlight the need to better constrain past AMOC behavior, as it may be an important driver of TANAR glacier variations during the Holocene, superimposed on other forcing mechanisms.},
	doi = {10.1038/s41467-022-28939-9},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-28939-9},
	author = {Jomelli, V. and Swingedouw, D. and Vuille, M. and Favier, V. and Goehring, B. and Shakun, J. and Braucher, R. and Schimmelpfennig, I. and Menviel, L. and Rabatel, A. and Martin, L. C. P. and Blard, P.-H. and Condom, T. and Lupker, M. and Christl, M. and He, Z. and Verfaillie, D. and Gorin, A. and Auma{\^\i}tre, G. and Bourles, D. L. and Keddadouche, K.}
}
@article {2983,
	title = {Late Woodland feasting and social networks in the lower Missouri River region},
	journal = {North American Archaeologist},
	volume = {43},
	year = {2022},
	month = {07/2022},
	pages = {184 - 229},
	abstract = {Feasting and its function among small scale societies have received little attention among many descriptive and theoretical studies of this activity. Evidence of feasting focused on large roasting pits by Late Woodland (AD 500{\textendash}1000) hunter-gatherer-gardeners in the lower Missouri River region on the eastern edge of the Great Plains is presented. Two features at the Quixote site and lipid analyses of stones from them attest single events focused on roasting deer and fish, and perhaps ritual use of red cedar and ceramic pipes. Such features at other Late Woodland sites in the LMRR, specifically the Valley Falls locality of the Delaware River valley in northeastern Kansas, are reinterpreted. Burned stone features at Middle Woodland sites differ and suggest pit roasting was a practice of dispersed Late Woodland groups. Feasting for solidarity forged a social network based on reciprocity, not competition, to mitigate food insecurity among diffuse, low level food producers.},
	doi = {10.1177/01976931221104846},
	url = {https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/01976931221104846},
	author = {Logan, Brad}
}
@article {2958,
	title = {Oceanographic and climatic influences on Trooz Glacier, Antarctica during the Holocene},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {276},
	year = {2022},
	month = {Jan-01-2022},
	pages = {107279},
	abstract = {To evaluate the significance of recent widespread glacial recession in the Antarctic Peninsula, it is imperative to extend the limited instrumented record of glacier change with long sedimentary archives of the Holocene. Reconstructing glacial histories that capture the variability of environments in the Antarctic Peninsula will enable better constraint of ocean and climate forcings on regional glacial stability. Two sediment cores are analyzed from the 2007 RV/IB N.B. Palmer cruise to Collins Bay, the embayment immediately offshore Trooz Glacier on the Graham Land coast, and provide an archive to test controls on long-term stability of outlet glaciers in an open bay setting. Radiocarbon and Lead-210 (a short-lived radioisotope) age-depth models provide a timeline for Trooz Glacier behavior and associated oceanographic changes over the last 10,000 years. Magnetic susceptibility, grain size, diatom assemblage, total organic carbon, nitrogen, and stable isotopes of organic carbon are utilized as proxies for changing glacial and ocean conditions. Outer Collins Bay deglaciated by \~{}10000 cal yr B.P. Diatom abundance and organic content signal productivity increase during further glacial recession from \~{}8900 to 6100 cal yr B.P., which coincided with upwelling of relatively warm Circumpolar Deep Water into the bay. High productivity, characterized by Thalassiosira antarctica-dominated diatom assemblages with prominence of Fragilariopsis kerguelensis, indicate open marine conditions with incursion of offshore currents into the bay from \~{}6100 to 760 cal yr B.P. A sharp decrease in organic content, diatom abundance, and grain size indicate more sea ice and ice-tongue/ice-canopy advance from \~{}760 to 240 cal yr B.P., when the floating ice canopy in outer Collins Bay retreated to near its present-day position and productivity increased. During the period of the 1950{\textquoteright}s to 1990{\textquoteright}s, Trooz Glacier was one of only two Antarctic Peninsula glaciers that advanced slightly. Over the Holocene, oceanographic forcing dominated the long-term stability of Trooz Glacier due to its open aspect, and it is unknown how Trooz Glacier will respond to continued influence of Circumpolar Deep Water in the future. Understanding ocean forcings on glacial stability, together with other local controls like drainage basin configuration and bay geometry, should help contextualize the modern retreat and improve prediction of glacial response to prevalent Circumpolar Deep Water circulation in this dynamic region.},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107279},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379121004868},
	author = {Totten, Rebecca L. and Fonseca, Adlai Nathanael Reuel and Wellner, Julia Smith and Munoz, Yuribia P. and Anderson, John B. and Tobin, Thomas S. and Lehrmann, Asmara A.}
}
@article {2980,
	title = {Organic carbon burial by river meandering partially offsets bank erosion carbon fluxes in a discontinuous permafrost floodplain},
	journal = {Earth Surface Dynamics},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2022},
	month = {05/2022},
	pages = {421 - 435},
	abstract = {Arctic river systems erode permafrost in their banks and mobilize particulate organic carbon (OC). Meandering rivers can entrain particulate OC from permafrost many meters below the depth of annual thaw, potentially enabling the production of greenhouse gases. However, the amount and fate of permafrost OC that is mobilized by river erosion is uncertain. To constrain OC fluxes due to riverbank erosion and deposition, we collected riverbank and floodplain sediment samples along the Koyukuk River, which meanders through discontinuous permafrost in the Yukon River watershed, Alaska, USA, with an average migration rate of 0.52 m yr-1. We measured sediment total OC (TOC) content, radiocarbon activity, water content, bulk density, grain size, and floodplain stratigraphy. Radiocarbon activity and TOC content were higher in samples dominated by silt as compared to sand, which we used to map OC content onto floodplain stratigraphy and estimate carbon fluxes due to river meandering. Results showed that the Koyukuk River erodes and re-deposits a substantial flux of OC each year due to its depth and high migration rate, generating a combined OC flux of a similar magnitude to the floodplain net ecological productivity. However, sediment being eroded from cutbanks and deposited as point bars had similar OC stocks (mean {\textpm} 1 SD of 125.3{\textpm}13.1 kg OC m-2 in cutbanks versus 114.0{\textpm}15.7 kg OC m-2 in point bars) whether or not the banks contained permafrost. We also observed radiocarbon-depleted biospheric OC in both cutbanks and permafrost-free point bars. These results indicate that a substantial fraction of aged biospheric OC that is liberated from floodplains by bank erosion is subsequently re-deposited in point bars rather than being oxidized. The process of aging, erosion, and re-deposition of floodplain organic material may be intrinsic to river{\textendash}floodplain dynamics, regardless of permafrost content.},
	doi = {10.5194/esurf-10-421-2022},
	url = {https://esurf.copernicus.org/articles/10/421/2022/},
	author = {Douglas, Madison M. and Li, Gen K. and Fischer, Woodward W. and Rowland, Joel C. and Kemeny, Preston C. and West, A. Joshua and Schwenk, Jon and Piliouras, Anastasia P. and Chadwick, Austin J. and Lamb, Michael P.}
}
@article {patrut_radiocarbon_2022,
	title = {Radiocarbon Investigation of the Historic African Baobabs of Omusati, Namibia},
	journal = {Forests},
	volume = {13},
	number = {11},
	year = {2022},
	month = {11/2022},
	pages = {1899},
	abstract = {The Omusati region belongs to historic Ovamboland, an area of northern Namibia populated by tribes of the Ovambo group. Four very large African baobabs of Omusati played an important role in historic events of the area, such as the tribal wars and the Namibian War of Independence. The four historic baobabs are the Ombalantu baobab (8 stems; circumference 24.50 m), Okahao baobab (4+ stems; around 25 m), Amadhila baobab (12 stems; 25.35 m) and Sir Howard baobab (9 stems; 31.60 m). Two historic baobabs collapsed totally or partially. The stems of the Amadhila baobab toppled and died in 2021, while 3 stems of the Okahao baobab collapsed a long time ago, but are still alive. Our research aimed to determine the architecture and age of these baobabs. Three baobabs (Ombalantu, Amadhila, Sir Howard) exhibit a closed ring-shaped structure, with a false cavity inside. One baobab (Okahao) had an open ring-shaped structure, before its collapse. Several wood cores were extracted from the baobabs and investigated by radiocarbon dating. The dating results indicate ages of 770 {\textpm} 50 years for the Ombalantu baobab, 650 {\textpm} 50 years for the Okahao baobab, 1100 {\textpm} 50 years for the Amadhila baobab and 750 {\textpm} 50 years for the Sir Howard baobab.},
	issn = {1999-4907},
	doi = {10.3390/f13111899},
	url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/11/1899},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Patrut, Roxana T. and Rakosy, Laszlo and Rakosy, Demetra and Oliver, Willie and Ratiu, Ileana A. and Lowy, Daniel A. and Shiimbi, Gebhardt and Woodborne, Stephan and von Reden, Karl F.}
}
@article {longworth_radiocarbon_2022,
	title = {Radiocarbon measurement of CO2 from carbonate minerals using a hybrid gas ion source with an open split interface},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
	volume = {531},
	year = {2022},
	month = {11/2022},
	pages = {49{\textendash}55},
	abstract = {We have developed a method for measuring radiocarbon in carbonate minerals as CO2 gas via a NEC MCSNICS hybrid sputter gas ion source (HGIS). The method uses helium as a carrier gas to displace CO2 from sample vials to an open split, where a glass capillary samples the mixture for delivery directly to the HGIS. This method skips the gas transfer and quantification steps used in a closed inlet HGIS system, simplifying sample measurement. Samples larger than 8 mg carbonate can be measured. Results from measurements of consensus standards (TIRI I, IAEA C2, and an internal modern shell standard), and samples from a marine core (F14C = 0.4{\textendash}1.15) show that the method agrees well with traditional AMS measurement of the same samples as graphite, and that the 1σ uncertainty is about 1\%. We discuss advantages and disadvantages of continuous flow sample introduction, and the effect of reduced precision on calibrated age-depth models produced using gas-source data.},
	keywords = {Carbonate, Hybrid gas ion source, radiocarbon},
	issn = {0168-583X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.nimb.2022.08.013},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168583X2200218X},
	author = {Longworth, Brett E. and Burton, Joshua R. and Pendleton, Simon L. and Moser, Sydney D. and Roberts, Mark L. and Kurz, Mark D.}
}
@article {2977,
	title = {Subsurface Microbial Community Composition in Anchialine Environments Is Influenced by Original Organic Carbon Source at Time of Deposition},
	journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2022},
	month = {04/2022},
	pages = {1-13},
	abstract = {Prokaryotes constitute the majority of sedimentary biomass, where they cycle organic carbon and regulate organic matter transformation. The microbes inhabiting sediment are diverse and the factors controlling microbial community composition are not fully understood. Here, we characterized the prokaryotic community using 16S rRNA gene sequencing in 24 stratigraphic layers within a 89 cm (dated to 1900 years old) sediment core from an anchialine sinkhole in the Bahamas with a stratified water column and anoxic bottom water. The microbial community was dominated by members of the Alphaproteobacteria, Dehalococcoidia, Gammaproteobacteria, Bathyarchaeota, and Campylobacter classes. Most interestingly, subsurface microbial community structure could be correlated to previous evidence for timewise changes in the main source of organic matter that was supplied to the sediment accumulating during the last 2000 years, which itself was caused by regional terrestrial vegetation changes. The C:N ratio was correlated to the relative abundance of the microbial classes, and the microbial communities followed three previously determined time periods based on the source of organic matter, which suggests that the carbon source at time of deposition influences the resultant subsurface microbial community composition. These results show that carbon source is a driver of the microbial community composition inhabiting anoxic sediment, which could have implications for improving understanding of carbon cycling in coastal sedimentary basins.},
	doi = {10.3389/fmars.2022.872789},
	url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.872789/full},
	author = {Risley, Catherine A. and Tamalavage, Anne E. and van Hengstum, Peter J. and Labonte, Jessica M.}
}
@article {2941,
	title = {AGE, GROWTH AND ARCHITECTURE OF THE HISTORIC BIG TREE AT VICTORIA FALLS, ZIMBABWE ASSESSED BY RADIOCARBON DATING},
	journal = {Dendrochronologia},
	year = {2021},
	month = {Jan-10-2021},
	pages = {125898},
	abstract = {The article discloses the AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) radiocarbon dating results of the historic Big Tree at Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe. The research aimed to determine the age, growth and architecture of this renowned African baobab. The superlative baobab is composed of five main stems, three young stems and one false stem. It exhibits an open ring-shaped structure, an architecture that allows baobabs to reach large sizes and old ages. Several wood samples extracted from four stems were dated by radiocarbon. The oldest sample had a radiocarbon date of 978 {\textpm} 14 BP, corresponding to a calibrated age of 955 {\textpm} 20 calendar years. By this value, the Big Tree at Victoria Falls is 1150 {\textpm} 50 years old. We found that the eight common stems belong to three generations, which are 1000-1100, 600-700 and 200-250 years old, respectively. The false stem is 550 years old. The stems belonging to the oldest generation stopped growing over 100 years ago.},
	keywords = {Adansonia digitata, Age determination, AMS radiocarbon dating, growth stop, multiple stems, tropical trees},
	issn = {11257865},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dendro.2021.125898},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1125786521000941},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Patrut, Roxana T. and Rakosy, Laszlo and RATIU, ILEANA ANDREEA and Lowy, Daniel A. and von Reden, Karl F.}
}
@article {2923,
	title = {Carbon Isotopic and Lithologic Constraints on the Sources and Cycling of Inorganic Carbon in Four Large Rivers in China: Yangtze, Yellow, Pearl, and Heilongjiang},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},
	volume = {126},
	year = {2021},
	month = {Jan-02-2021},
	abstract = {Transport of terrigenous carbon by rivers has been affected extensively by climate change and anthropogenic activities in China over the last few decades. Here, we present results on carbon isotopes (C-13, C-14) of dissolved and particulate inorganic carbon (DIC and PIC) and combined with major lithologic ions measured in the four largest rivers in China, namely, the Yangtze, Yellow, Pearl, and Heilongjiang rivers, to reveal the sources and transport of terrigenous inorganic carbon in the rivers. The DIC concentrations showed large variations in the four rivers and ranged from 253 to 3,122 mu M. The Yangtze, Yellow and Pearl rivers transported high DIC contents that had low Delta C-14 values of millennium-aged DIC and very old PIC; however, the Heilongjiang River presented a lower DIC concentration with much younger C-14 ages than the global average (1,100 mu M). The strong correlations between the DIC isotope values and major lithological ions (Ca2+ and Mg2+) suggest that chemical weathering played important but variable roles in controlling the production and fate of DIC in the rivers. Using dual isotopes and the MixSIAR model, we calculated that the chemical weathering of carbonate rocks contributed 95 +/- 5\% of the riverine DIC to the headwater of the Yangtze River while silicate rock weathering and riverine organic matter respiration contributed 62 +/- 25\% and 5 +/- 5\% of the DIC in the middle and lower reaches of the river, respectively. In contrast, chemical weathering of silicate rocks contributed the dominant fraction of DIC in the Yellow (55 +/- 17\%), Pearl (61 +/- 20\%) and Heilongjiang (83 +/- 29\%) rivers.},
	keywords = {Carbon cycle, Chemical weathering, inorganic carbon in large rivers, radiocarbon, stable carbon isotope},
	issn = {2169-8953},
	doi = {10.1029/2020JG005901},
	url = {https://apps.webofknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&Func=Frame\&DestFail=http\%3A\%2F\%2Fwww.webofknowledge.com\&SrcApp=search\&SrcAuth=Alerting\&SID=7EQ3XpZtZiWye3DFos4\&customersID=Alerting\&mode=FullRecord\&IsProductCode=Yes\&AlertId=4d48b20a-7d27-4fa2-},
	author = {Shan, Sen and Luo, Chunle and Qi, Yuanzhi and Cai, Wei-Jun and Sun, Shuwen and Fan, Di and Wang, Xuchen}
}
@article {2926,
	title = {Centennial-scale age offsets of plant wax n-alkanes in Adirondack lake sediments},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {300},
	year = {2021},
	month = {Jan-05-2021},
	pages = {119 - 136},
	issn = {00167037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2021.02.022},
	url = {https://apps.webofknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&Func=Frame\&DestFail=http\%3A\%2F\%2Fwww.webofknowledge.com\&SrcApp=search\&SrcAuth=Alerting\&SID=8FcXJjl9GsiAmhuIO65\&customersID=Alerting\&mode=FullRecord\&IsProductCode=Yes\&AlertId=ab9062f8-b111-4f95-},
	author = {Freimuth, Erika J. and Diefendorf, Aaron F. and Lowell, Thomas V. and Schartman, Anna K. and Landis, Joshua D. and Stewart, Alexander K. and Bates, Benjamin R.}
}
@article {2921,
	title = {Climate control on terrestrial biospheric carbon turnover},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	volume = {118},
	year = {2021},
	month = {Nov-02-2022},
	pages = {e2011585118},
	abstract = {Terrestrial vegetation and soils hold three times more carbon than the atmosphere. Much debate concerns how anthropogenic activity will perturb these surface reservoirs, potentially exacerbating ongoing changes to the climate system. Uncertainties specifically persist in extrapolating point-source observations to ecosystem-scale budgets and fluxes, which require consideration of vertical and lateral processes on multiple temporal and spatial scales. To explore controls on organic carbon (OC) turnover at the river basin scale, we present radiocarbon (C-14) ages on two groups of molecular tracers of plant-derived carbon-leaf-wax lipids and lignin phenols-from a globally distributed suite of rivers. We find significant negative relationships between the C-14 age of these biomarkers and mean annual temperature and precipitation. Moreover, riverine biospheric-carbon ages scale proportionally with basin-wide soil carbon turnover times and soil C-14 ages, implicating OC cycling within soils as a primary control on exported biomarker ages and revealing a broad distribution of soil OC reactivities. The ubiquitous occurrence of a long-lived soil OC pool suggests soil OC is globally vulnerable to perturbations by future temperature and precipitation increase. Scaling of riverine biospheric-carbon ages with soil OC turnover shows the former can constrain the sensitivity of carbon dynamics to environmental controls on broad spatial scales. Extracting this information from fluvially dominated sedimentary sequences may inform past variations in soil OC turnover in response to anthropogenic and/or climate perturbations. In turn, monitoring riverine OC composition may help detect future climate-change-induced perturbations of soil OC turnover and stocks.},
	keywords = {Carbon cycle, carbon turnover times, fluvial carbon, plant biomarkers, radiocarbon},
	issn = {0027-8424},
	doi = {10.1073/pnas.2011585118},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349357864_Climate_control_on_terrestrial_biospheric_carbon_turnover},
	author = {Eglinton, Timothy I. and Galy, Valier V. and Hemingway, Jordon D. and Feng, Xiaojuan and Bao, Hongyan and Blattmann, Thomas M. and Dickens, Angela F. and Gies, Hannah and Giosan, Liviu and Haghipour, Negar and Hou, Pengfei and Lupker, Maarten and McIntyre, Cameron P. and Montlu{\c c}on, Daniel B. and Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Bernhard and Ponton, Camilo and Schefu{\ss}, Enno and Schwab, Melissa S. and Voss, Britta M. and Wacker, Lukas and Wu, Ying and Zhao, Meixun}
}
@article {2930,
	title = {Coal fly ash is a major carbon flux in the Chang Jiang (Yangtze River) basin},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	volume = {118},
	year = {2021},
	month = {Jan-05-2023},
	pages = {e1921544118},
	abstract = {Fly ash-the residuum of coal burning-contains a considerable amount of fossilized particulate organic carbon (FOCash) that remains after high-temperature combustion. Fly ash leaks into natural environments and participates in the contemporary carbon cycle, but its reactivity and flux remained poorly understood. We characterized FOCash in the Chang Jiang (Yangtze River) basin, China, and quantified the riverine FOCash fluxes. Using Raman spectral analysis, ramped pyrolysis oxidation, and chemical oxidation, we found that FOCash is highly recalcitrant and unreactive, whereas shale-derived FOC (FOCrock) was much more labile and easily oxidized. By combining mass balance calculations and other estimates of fly ash input to rivers, we estimated that the flux of FOCash carried by the Chang Jiang was 0.21 to 0.42 Mt C center dot y-1 in 2007 to 2008-an amount equivalent to 37 to 72\% of the total riverine FOC export. We attributed such high flux to the combination of increasing coal combustion that enhances FOCash production and the massive construction of dams in the basin that reduces the flux of FOCrock eroded from upstream mountainous areas. Using global ash data, a first-order estimate suggests that FOCash makes up to 16\% of the present-day global riverine FOC flux to the oceans. This reflects a substantial impact of anthropogenic activities on the fluxes and burial of fossil organic carbon that has been made less reactive than the rocks from which it was derived.},
	issn = {0027-8424},
	doi = {10.1073/pnas.1921544118},
	url = {http://www.pnas.org/lookup/doi/10.1073/pnas.1921544118https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1073/pnas.1921544118http://www.pnas.org/syndication/doi/10.1073/pnas.1921544118},
	author = {Li, Gen K. and Fischer, Woodward W. and Lamb, Michael P. and West, A. Joshua and Zhang, Ting and Galy, Valier and Wang, Xingchen Tony and Li, Shilei and Qiu, Hongrui and Li, Gaojun and Zhao, Liang and Chen, Jun and Ji, Junfeng}
}
@article {2924,
	title = {Compound-specific radiocarbon reveals sources and land{\textendash}sea transport of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an urban estuary},
	journal = {Water Research},
	volume = {198},
	year = {2021},
	month = {Jan-06-2021},
	pages = {117134},
	abstract = {As typical chemical indicators of the Anthropocene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their environmental behavior in urban estuaries can reveal the influence of anthropogenic activities on coastal zones worldwide. In contrast to conventional approaches based on concentration datasets, we provide a compound-specific radiocarbon ( 14 C) perspective to quantitatively evaluate the sources and land{\textendash}sea transport of PAHs in an estuarine{\textendash}coastal surficial sedimentary system impacted by anthropogenic activities and coastal currents. Compound-specific 14 C of PAHs and their 14 C end-member mixing models showed that 67 -73\% of fluoranthene and pyrene and 76 -80\% of five- and six-ring PAHs in the Jiulong River Estuary (JRE, China) originated from fossil fuels (e.g., coal, oil spill, and petroleum-related emissions). In the adjacent Western Taiwan Strait (WTS), the contributions of fossil fuel to these PAH groups were higher at 74 -79\% and 84 -87\%, respectively. Furthermore, as a significant biomarker for source al- location of terrigenous organic matter, perylene, a typical five-ring PAH, and its land{\textendash}sea transport from the basin through the JRE and finally to the WTS was quantitatively evaluated based on the 14 C transport models. In the JRE, fluvial erosions and anthropogenic emissions affected the 14 C signature of perylene ( 14 C perylene , -535 {\textpm}5 {\textperthousand} ) with contributions of > 38\% and < 62\%, respectively. From the JRE to the WTS, the decreased 14 C perylene (-735 {\textpm}4 {\textperthousand} ) could be attributed to the long{\textendash}range transport of {\textquotedblleft}ocean current- driven{\textquotedblright} perylene (-919 {\textpm}53 {\textperthousand} ) with a contribution of 53 {\textpm}8\%. This compound-specific 14 C approach and PAH transport model help provide a valuable reference for accurately quantifying land{\textendash}sea transport and burial of organic pollutants in estuarine{\textendash}coastal sedimentary systems.},
	issn = {00431354},
	doi = {10.1016/j.watres.2021.117134},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135421003328},
	author = {Ya, Miaolei and Wu, Yuling and Xu, Li and Li, Yongyu and Chen, Hanzhe and Wang, Xinhong}
}
@article {2944,
	title = {A FRAMEWORK FOR TRANSDISCIPLINARY RADIOCARBON RESEARCH: USE OF NATURAL-LEVEL AND ELEVATED-LEVEL -14- C IN ANTARCTIC FIELD RESEARCHABSTRACT},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {63},
	year = {2021},
	month = {Jan-10-2021},
	pages = {1555 - 1568},
	abstract = {Radiocarbon (C-14) is an isotopic tracer used to address a wide range of scientific research questions. However, contamination by elevated levels of C-14 is deleterious to natural-level laboratory workspaces and accelerator mass spectrometer facilities designed to precisely measure small amounts of C-14. The risk of contaminating materials and facilities intended for natural-level C-14 with elevated-level C-14-labeled materials has dictated near complete separation of research groups practicing profoundly different measurements. Such separation can hinder transdisciplinary research initiatives, especially in remote and isolated field locations where both natural-level and elevated-level radiocarbon applications may be useful. This paper outlines the successful collaboration between researchers making natural-level C-14 measurements and researchers using C-14-labeled materials during a subglacial drilling project in West Antarctica (SALSA 2018-2019). Our strict operating protocol allowed us to successfully carry out C-14 labeling experiments within close quarters at our remote field camp without contaminating samples of sediment and water intended for natural level C-14 measurements. Here we present our collaborative protocol for maintaining natural level C-14 cleanliness as a framework for future transdisciplinary radiocarbon collaborations.},
	keywords = {AMS, contamination, LEUCINE, radiocarbon},
	issn = {0033-8222},
	doi = {10.1017/RDC.2021.55},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033822221000552/type/journal_articlehttps://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0033822221000552},
	author = {Venturelli, Ryan A and Vick-Majors, Trista J and Collins, Billy and Gagnon, Alan and Kasic, Kathy and Kurz, Mark D and Li, Wei and Priscu, John and Roberts, Mark and Rosenheim, Brad E}
}
@article {2999,
	title = {Geomorphic expression and slip rate of the Fairweather fault, southeast Alaska, and evidence for predecessors of the 1958 rupture},
	journal = {Geosphere},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2021},
	month = {05/2021},
	pages = {711 - 738},
	abstract = {Active traces of the southern Fairweather fault were revealed by light detection and ranging (lidar) and show evidence for transpressional deformation between North America and the Yakutat block in southeast Alaska. We map the Holocene geomorphic expression of tectonic deformation along the southern 30 km of the Fairweather fault, which ruptured in the 1958 moment magnitude 7.8 earthquake. Digital maps of surficial geology, geomorphology, and active faults illustrate both strike-slip and dip-slip deformation styles within a 10{\textdegree}{\textendash}30{\textdegree} double restraining bend where the southern Fairweather fault steps offshore to the Queen Charlotte fault. We measure offset landforms along the fault and calibrate legacy 14C data to reassess the rate of Holocene strike-slip motion (>=49 mm/yr), which corroborates published estimates that place most of the plate boundary motion on the Fairweather fault. Our slip-rate estimates allow a component of oblique-reverse motion to be accommodated by contractional structures west of the Fairweather fault consistent with geodetic block models. Stratigraphic and structural relations in hand-dug excavations across two active fault strands provide an incomplete paleoseismic record including evidence for up to six surface ruptures in the past 5600 years, and at least two to four events in the past 810 years. The incomplete record suggests an earthquake recurrence interval of >=270 years{\textemdash}much longer than intervals \&lt;100 years implied by published slip rates and expected earthquake displacements. Our paleoseismic observations and map of active traces of the southern Fairweather fault illustrate the complexity of transpressional deformation and seismic potential along one of Earth{\textquoteright}s fastest strike-slip plate boundaries.},
	isbn = {1553-040X},
	doi = {10.1130/GES02299.1},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02299.1},
	author = {Witter, Robert C. and Bender, Adrian M. and Scharer, Katherine M. and DuRoss, Christopher B. and Haeussler, Peter J. and Lease, Richard O.}
}
@article {2937,
	title = {Lacustrine leaf wax hydrogen isotopes indicate strong regional climate feedbacks in Beringia since the last ice age},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {269},
	year = {2021},
	month = {Jan-10-2021},
	pages = {107130},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107130},
	url = {https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000694971400005?AlertId=4d48b20a-7d27-4fa2-a6a8-37f0daa89864\&SID=7FJ1KjxGlxJRYob6iqu},
	author = {Daniels, W.C. and Russell, J.M. and Morrill, C. and Longo, W.M. and Giblin, A.E. and Holland-Stergar, P. and Welker, J.M. and Wen, X. and Hu, A. and Huang, Y.}
}
@article {2942,
	title = {Soil Organic Carbon Development and Turnover in Natural and Disturbed Salt Marsh Environments},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {48},
	year = {2021},
	month = {Apr-01-2023},
	abstract = {Salt marsh survival with sea-level rise (SLR) increasingly relies on soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation and preservation. Using a novel combination of geochemical approaches, we characterized fine SOC (<=1 mm) supporting marsh elevation maintenance. Overlaying thermal reactivity, source (δ13C), and age (F14C) information demonstrates several processes contributing to soil development: marsh grass production, redeposition of eroded material, and microbial reworking. Redeposition of old carbon, likely from creekbanks, represented \~{}9\%{\textendash}17\% of shallow SOC (<=26 cm). Soils stored marsh grass-derived compounds with a range of reactivities that were reworked over centuries-to-millennia. Decomposition decreases SOC thermal reactivity throughout the soil column while the decades-long disturbance of ponding accelerated this shift in surface horizons. Empirically derived estimates of SOC turnover based on geochemical composition spanned a wide range (640{\textendash}9,951 years) and have the potential to inform predictions of marsh ecosystem evolution.},
	issn = {0094-8276},
	doi = {10.1029/2020GL090287},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2020GL090287},
	author = {Luk, Sheron Y. and Todd-Brown, Katherine and Eagle, Meagan and McNichol, Ann P. and Sanderman, Jonathan and Gosselin, Kelsey and Spivak, Amanda C.}
}
@article {2934,
	title = {Towards a precise timing of groundwater use in the lower Yellow River area during the late Bronze age: Bayesian inference from the radiocarbon ages of ancient water wells at the Liang{\textquoteright}ercun site, north China},
	journal = {Quaternary Geochronology},
	volume = {66},
	year = {2021},
	month = {Jan-10-2021},
	pages = {101214},
	keywords = {Geography, Multidisciplinary, Physical Geosciences},
	issn = {18711014},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quageo.2021.101214},
	url = {https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000684185400002?AlertId=4d48b20a-7d27-4fa2-a6a8-37f0daa89864\&SID=D6BWyCypH7Akklkv5hy},
	author = {Yu, Shi-Yong and Chen, Xuexiang and Fang, Zhen and Liu, Xiuling and Li, Ming and Guo, Junfeng}
}
@article {2683,
	title = {Age validation of yellowfin (Thunnus albacares) and bigeye (Thunnus obesus) tuna of the northwestern Atlantic Ocean},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences},
	volume = {77},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-04-2020},
	pages = {637 - 643},
	abstract = {The age and growth of yellowfin (Thunnus albacares) and bigeye (T. obesus) tuna remain problematic because validation of growth zone deposition (opaque and transparent) hasn{\textquoteright}t been properly evaluated. Otolith growth structure (zone clarity) can be poorly defined for tropical tunas but the use of bomb radiocarbon dating has validated age estimates to 16{\textendash}18 years for yellowfin and bigeye tuna. Use of the radiocarbon decline period {\textemdash} defined by regional coral and otoliths {\textemdash} provided valid ages through ontogeny. Yellowfin tuna aged 2{\textendash}18 years (n = 34, 1029{\textendash}1810 mm FL) and bigeye tuna aged 3{\textendash}17 years (n = 12, 1280{\textendash}1750 mm FL) led to birthyears that were coincident with the bomb radiocarbon decline. The results indicate there was no age reading bias for yellowfin tuna and that age estimates of previous studies were likely underestimated for both species.},
	issn = {0706-652X},
	doi = {10.1139/cjfas-2019-0328},
	url = {https://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/full/10.1139/cjfas-2019-0328},
	author = {Andrews, Allen H. and Pacicco, Ashley and Allman, Robert and Falterman, Brett J. and Lang, Erik T. and Golet, Walter}
}
@article {2729,
	title = {Asian summer monsoon influence on chemical weathering and sediment provenance determined by clay mineral analysis from the Indus Submarine Canyon},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {93},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-01-2020},
	pages = {23 - 39},
	abstract = {Clay minerals from the Indus Canyon and eastern clinoform since ~12 ka are uniformly rich in smectite and illite, similar to those from the Holocene Indus flood plains. A systematic enrichment of smectite in the proximal delta compared to the canyon and eastern clinoform argues for preferential capture of smectite close to the river mouth since ~12 ka. There is a rapid shift to a more smectite-rich assemblage in the canyon and eastern clinoform after ~5 ka. This change is probably caused by a change in sediment source, with less direct flux from the Himalaya and more erosion of older, weathered, smectite-rich sediment from the Indus River flood plains, driven by incision of the Indus and its tributaries into the floodplain as summer monsoon rains weakened. This influx of smectite is consistent with lower kaolinite/smectite values since ~5 ka. The onset of large-scale agricultural activities since ~5 ka, especially starting with the Harappan Civilization, may also have enhanced incision and erosion of floodplain sediments over the same time period. This study reports for the first time how monsoon strength variations since ~12 ka affected the clay mineral assemblages and sediment provenance in a major submarine canyon.},
	keywords = {Clay minerals, Holocene, monsoon, Provenance, Reworking, Submarine canyon},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1017/qua.2019.44},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/quaternary-research/article/asian-summer-monsoon-influence-on-chemical-weathering-and-sediment-provenance-determined-by-clay-mineral-analysis-from-the-indus-submarine-canyon/AA11F458BD5924C1BD9EC9901D1F2941},
	author = {Li, Yuting and Clift, Peter D. and Murray, Richard W. and Exnicios, Elise and Ireland, Thomas and B{\"o}ning, Philipp}
}
@article {2879,
	title = {Biosignatures Associated with Freshwater Microbialites},
	journal = {Life},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-05-2020},
	pages = {66},
	abstract = {Freshwater microbialites (i.e., lithifying microbial mats) are quite rare in northern latitudes of the North American continent, with two lakes (Pavilion and Kelly Lakes) of southeastern BC containing a morphological variety of such structures. We investigated Kelly Lake microbialites using carbon isotope systematics, phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and quantitative PCR to obtain biosignatures associated with microbial metabolism. δ13CDIC values (mean δ13CDIC -4.9 {\textpm} 1.1‱, n = 8) were not in isotopic equilibrium with the atmosphere; however, they do indicate 13C-depleted inorganic carbon into Kelly Lake. The values of carbonates on microbialite surfaces (δ13C) fell within the range predicted for equilibrium precipitation from ambient lake water δ13CDIC (-2.2 to -5.3‱). Deep microbialites (26 m) had an enriched δ13Ccarb value of -0.3 {\textpm} 0.5‱, which is a signature of photoautotrophy. The deeper microbialites (>20 m) had higher biomass estimates (via PLFAs), and a greater relative abundance of cyanobacteria (measured by 16S copies via qPCR). The majority of PLFAs constituted monounsaturated and saturated PLFAs, which is consistent with gram-negative bacteria, including cyanobacteria. The central PLFA δ13C values were highly depleted (-9.3 to -15.7‱) relative to δ13C values of bulk organic matter, suggesting a predominance of photoautotrophy. A heterotrophic signature was also detected via the depleted iso- and anteiso-15:0 lipids (-3.2 to -5.2‱). Based on our carbonate isotopic biosignatures, PLFA, and qPCR measurements, photoautotrophy is enriched in the microbialites of Kelly Lake. This photoautotrophy enrichment is consistent with the microbialites of neighboring Pavilion Lake. This indication of photoautotrophy within Kelly Lake at its deepest depths raises new insights into the limits of measurable carbonate isotopic biosignatures under light and nutrient limitations. },
	keywords = {Biosignatures, Kelly Lake, microbialites, Pavilion Lake},
	doi = {10.3390/life10050066},
	url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32429118/},
	author = {White, Richard Allen and Soles, Sarah A. and Brady, Allyson L. and Southam, Gordon and Lim, Darlene S.S. and Slater, Greg F.}
}
@article {2914,
	title = {Carbon cycling in the deep Mariana Trench in the western north Pacific Ocean: Insights from radiocarbon proxy data},
	journal = {Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers},
	volume = {164},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-10-2020},
	pages = {103370},
	abstract = {The Mariana Trench in the western North Pacific (NP) contains the deepest (11,000 m) point in the ocean and thus remains the least explored environment. Carbon cycling in the deep Mariana Trench is largely unknown and remains a curious mystery. Here, we report radiocarbon (Delta C-14) and stable carbon isotope (delta C-13) compositions of dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC and DOC) and sinking particulate organic carbon (POC) for samples collected at 2000 m, 4000 m and 6000 m from the Mariana Trench in the western NP. DOC had much lower Delta C-14 values (-189 parts per thousand to -538 parts per thousand) than DIC (38 parts per thousand to -236 parts per thousand) and POC (11 parts per thousand-38 parts per thousand) at the same depths, indicating the different cycling processes and time scales of different carbon pools. The C-14 ages of DOC were approximately 1700 years and 4400 years older than those of DIC in the surface (2 m) and deep (10,000 m) waters of the Mariana Trench. Both DOC and DIC Delta C-14 values at hadal depths (>6000 m) in the trench are comparable to values at other sites in the deep NP, suggesting that water movement and mixing at hadal depths in the Mariana Trench are active and follow the deep-water circulation patterns of the NP. POC fluxes at the three deep depths showed large variations, but their modern Delta C-14 values indicate that the effective biological pump that drives fresh surface-produced particles to sink rapidly to deep depths in the trench could provide essential food sources for microbial and benthic communities living in an extremely harsh environment of the Mariana Trench.},
	keywords = {carbon cycling, Mariana trench, North pacific ocean, Particle flux, radiocarbon, stable carbon isotope},
	issn = {09670637},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dsr.2020.103370},
	url = {https://apps.webofknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&Func=Frame\&DestFail=http\%3A\%2F\%2Fwww.webofknowledge.com\&SrcApp=search\&SrcAuth=Alerting\&SID=5FcsGoXKXNO2xQfU7KW\&customersID=Alerting\&mode=FullRecord\&IsProductCode=Yes\&AlertId=4d48b20a-7d27-4fa2-},
	author = {Shan, Sen and Qi, Yuanzhi and Tian, Jiwei and Wang, Xuchen and Luo, Chunle and Zhou, Chun and Zhang, Xiao-Hua and Xin, Yu and Wang, Yonghong}
}
@article {2700,
	title = {Carbon Cycling in the World{\textquoteright}s Deepest Blue Hole},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},
	volume = {125},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-02-2020},
	abstract = {Blue holes are unique geomorphological features with steep biogeochemical gradients and distinctive microbial communities. Carbon cycling in blue holes, however, remains poorly understood. Here we describe potential mechanisms of dissolved carbon cycling in the world{\textquoteright}s deepest blue hole, the Yongle Blue Hole (YBH), which was recently discovered in the South China Sea. In the YBH, we found some of the lowest concentrations (e.g., 22 μM) and oldest ages (e.g., 6,810 years before present) of dissolved organic carbon, as well as the highest concentrations (e.g., 3,090 μM) and the oldest ages (e.g., 8,270 years before present) of dissolved inorganic carbon observed in oceanic waters. Sharp gradients of dissolved oxygen, H2S, and CH4 and changes in bacterially mediated sulfur cycling with depth indicated that sulfur- and/or methane-based metabolisms are closely linked to carbon cycling in the YBH. Our results showed that the YBH is a unique and easily accessible natural laboratory for examining carbon cycling in anoxic systems, which has potential for understanding carbon dynamics in both paleo and modern oceans{\textemdash}particularly in the context of global change.},
	keywords = {anoxia, carbon cycling, dissolved carbon, radiocarbon, sulfur cycling, Yongle blue hole},
	issn = {2169-8953},
	doi = {10.1029/2019JG005307},
	url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2019JG005307},
	author = {Yao, P. and Wang, X. C. and Bianchi, T. S. and Yang, Z. S. and Fu, L. and Zhang, X. H. and Chen, L. and Zhao, B. and Morrison, E. S. and Shields, M. R. and Liu, Y. N. and Bi, N. S. and Qi, Y. Z. and Zhou, S. and Liu, J. W. and Zhang, H. H. and Zhu, C. J. and Yu, Z. G.}
}
@article {2883,
	title = {Clumped Isotopes Link Older Carbon Substrates With Slower Rates of Methanogenesis in Northern Lakes},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {47},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Apr-03-2022},
	abstract = {The release of long-stored carbon from thawed permafrost could fuel increased methanogenesis in northern lakes, but it remains unclear whether old carbon substrates released from permafrost are metabolized as rapidly by methanogenic microbial communities as recently produced organic carbon. Here, we apply methane (CH4) clumped isotope (Δ18) and 14C measurements to test whether rates of methanogenesis are related to carbon substrate age. Results from culture experiments indicate that Δ18 values are negatively correlated with CH4 production rate. Measurements of ebullition samples from thermokarst lakes in Alaska and glacial lakes in Sweden indicate strong negative correlations between CH4 Δ18 and the fraction modern carbon. These correlations imply that CH4 derived from older carbon substrates is produced relatively slowly. Relative rates of methanogenesis, as inferred from Δ18 values, are not positively correlated with CH4 flux estimates, highlighting the likely importance of environmental variables other than CH4 production rates in controlling ebullition fluxes.},
	keywords = {clumped isotopes, ebullition flux, lakes, methane, permafrost, radiocarbon},
	issn = {0094-8276},
	doi = {10.1029/2019GL086756},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2019GL086756},
	author = {Douglas, Peter M. J. and Gonzalez Moguel, Regina and Walter Anthony, Katey M. and Wik, Martin and Crill, Patrick M. and Dawson, Katherine S. and Smith, Derek A. and Yanay, Ella and Lloyd, Max K. and Stolper, Daniel A. and Eiler, John M. and Sessions, Alex L.}
}
@article {2915,
	title = {Dissolved black carbon is not likely a significant refractory organic carbon pool in rivers and oceansAbstract},
	journal = {Nature Communications},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-12-2020},
	abstract = {Rivers are the major carriers of dissolved black carbon (DBC) from land to ocean; the sources of DBC during its continuous transformation and cycling in the ocean, however, are not well characterized. Here, we present new carbon isotope data for DBC in four large and two small mountainous rivers, the Yangtze and Yellow river estuaries, the East China Sea and the North Pacific Ocean. We found that the carbon isotope signatures of DBC are relatively homogeneous, and the DBC C-14 ages in rivers are predominantly young and increase during continuous transport and cycling in the ocean. The results of charcoal leaching experiments indicate that DBC is released from charcoal and degraded by bacteria. Our study suggests that riverine DBC is labile and respired during transport and mixing into the ocean and that residual DBC is cycled and aged on the same time scales as bulk DOC in the ocean. Black carbon is a recalcitrant byproduct of biomass burning that ultimately accumulates in oceanic sinks. Here the authors assessed the sources and cycling of dissolved black carbon in rivers and oceans, finding that oceanic pools are cycled and aged on the same time scales as dissolved organic carbon.},
	keywords = {Changjiang, cycle, flux, HUANGHE RIVERS, level, particulate, quantification, radiocarbon, sea},
	doi = {10.1038/s41467-020-18808-8},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-18808-8http://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-18808-8.pdfhttp://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-18808-8.pdfhttp://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-18808-8},
	author = {Qi, Yuanzhi and Fu, Wenjing and Tian, Jiwei and Luo, Chunle and Shan, Sen and Sun, Shuwen and Ren, Peng and Zhang, Hongmei and Liu, Jiwen and Zhang, Xiaohua and Wang, Xuchen}
}
@article {2694,
	title = {Effects of agricultural and tillage practices on isotopic signatures and fluxes of organic and inorganic carbon in headwater streams},
	journal = {Aquatic Sciences},
	volume = {82},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-04-2020},
	issn = {1015-1621},
	doi = {10.1007/s00027-019-0691-7},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00027-019-0691-7http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00027-019-0691-7.pdfhttp://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00027-019-0691-7.pdfhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00027-019-0691-7/fulltext.html},
	author = {Kelsey, Scott A. and Grottoli, Andrea G. and Bauer, James E. and Lorenz, Klaus and Lal, Rattan and Matsui, Yohei and Huey-Sanders, Teresa M.}
}
@article {2787,
	title = {Efficient preservation of young terrestrial organic carbon in sandy turbidity-current depositsAbstract},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {48},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-09-2020},
	pages = {882 - 887},
	abstract = {Burial of terrestrial biospheric particulate organic carbon in marine sediments removes CO2 from the atmosphere, regulating climate over geologic time scales. Rivers deliver terrestrial organic carbon to the sea, while turbidity currents transport river sediment further offshore. Previous studies have suggested that most organic carbon resides in muddy marine sediment. However, turbidity currents can carry a significant component of coarser sediment, which is commonly assumed to be organic carbon poor. Here, using data from a Canadian fjord, we show that young woody debris can be rapidly buried in sandy layers of turbidity current deposits (turbidites). These layers have organic carbon contents 10{\texttimes} higher than the overlying mud layer, and overall, woody debris makes up >70\% of the organic carbon preserved in the deposits. Burial of woody debris in sands overlain by mud caps reduces their exposure to oxygen, increasing organic carbon burial efficiency. Sandy turbidity current channels are common in fjords and the deep sea; hence we suggest that previous global organic carbon burial budgets may have been underestimated.},
	issn = {0091-7613},
	doi = {10.1130/G47320.1},
	url = {https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article/48/9/882/586768/Efficient-preservation-of-young-terrestrial},
	author = {Hage, S. and Galy, V.V. and Cartigny, M.J.B. and Acikalin, S. and Clare, M.A. and Gr{\"o}cke, D.R. and Hilton, R.G. and Hunt, J.E. and Lintern, D.G. and McGhee, C.A. and Parsons, D.R. and Stacey, C.D. and Sumner, E.J. and Talling, P.J.}
}
@article {2860,
	title = {High dissolved organic radiocarbon in precipitation during winter and its implication on the carbon cycle},
	journal = {Science of The Total Environment},
	volume = {742},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-11-2020},
	pages = {140246},
	abstract = {Radiocarbon (14C) analysis is a powerful tool for tracing carbon in the global carbon cycle. Precipitation is a component of the global carbon cycle through which dissolved organic carbon (DOC) enters terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems from the atmosphere. In previous studies, the Δ14C of DOC in rain or snow was negative indicating an input of relatively old organic carbon including fossil fuels, with only a few positive values up to +108{\textperthousand} showing the signal of recent photosynthesis. However, here we report surprisingly high Δ14C-DOC in bulk precipitation, more than 1000{\textperthousand} in Seoul, South Korea, especially when the Northwesterly wind blows during winter. In contrast, Δ14C of particulate organic carbon (POC) in bulk precipitation was negative, indicating that the sources of POC and DOC were different. Although the sources of the high Δ14C-DOC are not clear and future studies on them are required, the relatively high Δ14C-DOC in a nearby headwater stream suggests that precipitation DOC has the potential to affect the local carbon cycle, and that stream DOC derived from terrestrial ecosystems could be older than previously thought. The analysis of Δ14C-DOC of precipitation in many other locations is necessary to understand how long carbon stays in terrestrial ecosystems.},
	issn = {00489697},
	doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140246},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0048969720337670},
	author = {Cha, Ji-Yeon and Lee, Seung-Cheol and Lee, Eun-Ju and Go, Minjung and Dasari, Kishore Babu and Yim, Yong-Hyeon and Oh, Neung-Hwan}
}
@article {2759,
	title = {Holocene sedimentation in a blue hole surrounded by carbonate tidal flats in The Bahamas: Autogenic versus allogenic processes},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {419},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-01-2020},
	pages = {106051},
	abstract = {The sediment in North Atlantic blue holes preserves paleoclimate records. However, accurate paleoclimate reconstructions require an improved understanding of allogenic versus autogenic processes controlling blue hole sedimentation. Here we provide a detailed case study of the Holocene stratigraphy within Freshwater River Blue Hole, which is currently surrounded by carbonate tidal flats in the northern Bahamas (Abaco Island). During the Holocene, concomitant coastal aquifer elevation and relative sea-level rise controlled internal blue hole depositional environments. The general Holocene facies succession observed is: (i) basal detrital and freshwater peat, (ii) palustrine to lacustrine marl, (iii) algal sapropel, and finally (iv) bedded carbonate mud. During the middle Holocene when groundwater levels were lower, small changes in accommodation space that were inherited from the bedrock surface below (<1 m) were able to promote significant lateral facies changes. Multiple cores are needed to characterize these lateral facies changes. Hydrographic characteristics of the coastal aquifer (e.g., vertical position, stratification, salinity) relative to the blue hole benthos exert a fundamental control on (a) benthic flora and meiofauna (e.g., charophytes, ostracodes, foraminifera, gastropods) and (b) organic matter production and preservation from pelagic productivity. Over the last 5000 years, water column stratification in Freshwater River Blue Hole was interrupted on millennial to sub-decadal timescales , which are potentially linked to changing aquifer recharge and rainfall. Lastly, historical intense hurricanes passing closely to the west of the site may have promoted deposition of coarse beds at the site. However, the lack of carbonate tidal flat microfaunal remains (foraminifera: Peneroplis) within these coarse intervals indicates that Freshwater River Blue Hole does not preserve a reliable record of hurricane-induced overwash deposition from the carbonate tidal flats during the last 2300 years.},
	keywords = {Carbonate tidal flats, carbonates, North Atlantic Bahamas, sinkhole},
	issn = {00253227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2019.106051},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0025322719301811},
	author = {van Hengstum, Peter J. and Winkler, Tyler S. and Tamalavage, Anne E. and Sullivan, Richard M. and Little, Shawna N. and MacDonald, Dana and Donnelly, Jeffrey P. and Albury, Nancy A.}
}
@article {2688,
	title = {Holocene temperature and landscape history of southwest Greenland inferred from isotope and geochemical lake sediment proxies},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {239},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-07-2020},
	pages = {106358},
	abstract = {Terrestrial temperature reconstructions from the ice-free margins of Greenland are critical for constraining the sensitivity of the Greenland ice sheet to past climate change. Numerous investigations have clarified the glacial history of southwest Greenland in recent decades; however, very few local quantitative temperature reconstructions exist as context for changes in the cryosphere. We examine sedimentary records from two lakes south of Nuuk, Greenland (informally named lakes T1 and T2), and investigate millennial scale Holocene climate change using a multi-proxy approach. Changes in X-Ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), δ15N, δ13C and biogenic silica concentrations of bulk lake sediments mark the transition from a marine environment to isolated lakes as relative sea level fell in the early Holocene. δ18O values of subfossil insects (chironomids) from lakes T1 and T2 decreased by 2{\textendash}3{\textperthousand} from c. 8.8 ka BP (minimum limiting age for the onset of lacustrine sediment deposition in lake T2; ka BP = thousands of years before 1950) to 1 ka BP. Existing isotope-independent temperature reconstructions from the west coast of Greenland suggest that these changes in δ18O values accompanied gradual cooling of 2{\textendash}4 {\textdegree}C, concomitant with decreasing summer insolation. There is widespread regional evidence that this cooling resulted in progressive regrowth of local glaciers and of the ice sheet. The regional consensus on the magnitude of this temperature change indicates that the local, modern modeled temperature - precipitation δ18O relationship cannot be used to quantify millennial-scale temperature changes at these sites through the Holocene. This reinforces that studies utilizing δ18O-based proxies to infer temperature change should carefully assess local isotope-temperature relationships over space and time.},
	keywords = {Chironomids, glaciers, Greenland, Isolation basins, lake sediments, oxygen isotopes, Paleotemperatures, Stable isotopes},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106358},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379120303206},
	author = {Lasher, G. Everett and Axford, Yarrow and Masterson, Andrew L. and Berman, Karalyn and Larocca, Laura J.}
}
@article {2830,
	title = {The Hooskanaden Landslide: historic and recent surge behavior of an active earthflow on the Oregon Coast},
	journal = {Landslides},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-06-2022},
	abstract = {This paper presents an analysis of the Hooskanaden Landslide, an earthflow, which experienced a dramatic surge event beginning on February 24, 2019, closing US Highway 101 near mile point 343.5 for nearly 2 weeks. This ~ 1 km long surge event resulted in horizontal displacements of up to 45 m and uplift of 6 m at the toe located on a gravel beach adjacent to the Pacific Ocean. The Hooskanaden Landslide, likely active since the eighteenth century, exhibits regular activity with a recurrence interval of major surge events of approximately every 20 years, transitioning from slow to relatively rapid velocities. During the 2019 event, maximum displacement rates of approximately 60 cm/h were observed, slowly decreasing to 15 cm/h for a sustained period of approximately 2 weeks before the eventual return to baseline conditions (< 0.02 cm/h).},
	issn = {1612-510X},
	doi = {10.1007/s10346-020-01466-8},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10346-020-01466-8},
	author = {Alberti, Stefano and Senogles, Andrew and Kingen, Kara and Booth, Adam and Castro, Pete and DeKoekkoek, Jill and Glover-Cutter, Kira and Mohney, Curran and Olsen, Michael and Leshchinsky, Ben}
}
@article {2913,
	title = {Insolation and greenhouse gases drove Holocene winter and spring warming in Arctic Alaska},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {242},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-08-2020},
	pages = {106438},
	abstract = {Global surface temperature changes and their drivers during the Holocene Epoch remain controversial. Syntheses of proxy data indicate that global mean annual temperature declined from the mid-Holocene until the Pre-industrial Era, a trend linked to decreasing Northern Hemisphere summer insolation. In contrast, global climate models simulate increasing mean annual temperatures driven by retreating ice sheets and increasing greenhouse gas concentrations. This proxy-model disagreement may originate from a warm season bias in Northern Hemisphere proxy reconstructions, highlighting the need for new proxies that quantify cold season temperature, especially in Arctic regions that were devoid of continental ice sheets during the Holocene. Here, we present a new 16,000-year winter-spring temperature reconstruction derived from the unsaturation ratio of alkenones (U-3(7)K) in a continuous sedimentary sequence from Lake E5, northern Alaska. We employ a thermodynamic lake model to convert alkenone-inferred lake temperatures into winter-spring air temperature anomalies and we contextualize our proxy reconstruction with climate model output from the region. Our reconstruction shows that winter-spring temperatures warmed rapidly during the deglaciation at 16 and 14 thousand years before present and continued to warm gradually throughout the middle and late Holocene (0.12-0.28 degrees C/thousand years) in concert with regional sea surface temperature and sea ice records. Our results are consistent with climate model simulations and we attribute Holocene warming to rising winter-spring insolation, radiative forcing from rising greenhouse gas concentrations and regional feedbacks. Our reconstructed cold season warming equaled or exceeded summer cooling according to a regional synthesis of temperature records, suggesting that seasonal biases in temperature reconstructions may account for proxy-model disagreements in Holocene temperature trends from Eastern Beringia. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Alkenone, Beringia, Continental biomarkers, Holocene, North America, paleoclimatology, paleolimnology, Proxy data-model comparison, seasonality, Temperature reconstruction},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106438},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379120304005},
	author = {Longo, William M. and Huang, Yongsong and Russell, James M. and Morrill, Carrie and Daniels, William C. and Giblin, Anne E. and Crowther, Josue}
}
@article {2689,
	title = {Local glaciers record delayed peak Holocene warmth in south Greenland},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {241},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-08-2020},
	pages = {106421},
	abstract = {Local glaciers and ice caps (GICs) respond sensitively and quickly, on the scale of decades to centuries, to climate variations. Continuous records of past fluctuations in GIC size provide information on the timing and magnitude of Holocene climate shifts, and a longer-term perspective on 21st century glacier retreat. Although there is broad-scale agreement on millennial-scale trends in Holocene climate variability and fluctuations in local GICs in Greenland, regional variations are only loosely constrained. Here we present three Holocene proglacial lake sediment records from South Greenland, an area with abundant local glaciers but few Holocene-length paleoclimate records. In addition, we use geospatial analysis to model past equilibrium-line altitudes (ELAs) and thereby constrain the magnitude of ablation-season temperature change during the warmest and coolest periods of the Holocene. Physical and geochemical sedimentary characteristics show that two of the proglacial lakes continued to receive glacial meltwater input until \~{}7.3 and \~{}7.1 ka BP. The survival of local glaciers implies that South Greenland remained relatively cool, and that summer temperatures gradually warmed, but did not warm well beyond 1.2 {\textdegree}C above present in the early Holocene. In the mid-Holocene, from \~{}7.1 to 5.5 ka BP, organic sedimentation at these two sites indicates that local glaciers became very small, or more likely melted away completely. The glaciers within the third lake{\textquoteright}s catchment melted away prior to \~{}5.2 ka BP, as sediments deposited earlier in the Holocene could not be dated at this site. We estimate that summer temperatures increased by at least 1.2{\textendash}1.8 {\textdegree}C above present by \~{}7.3{\textendash}7.1 ka BP. Our results are consistent with other observations that suggest a north-to-south gradient in the timing of Holocene thermal maximum conditions, with southern Greenland experiencing a delayed warming relative to other regions in Greenland. As summer temperatures cooled in the Neoglacial, our records show that sustained glacier regrowth began \~{}3.1 ka BP with glaciers in the southernmost catchment, which at present, receive the most precipitation. In the other two catchments, which host smaller glaciers in a drier environment, regrowth began at \~{}1.3 and \~{}1.2 ka BP, the timing of which is in agreement with other glacial records from the Arctic Atlantic region. Local glaciers reached their maximum late Holocene extents during a cooler, second phase of the Little Ice Age (LIA) \~{}0.2-0.1 ka BP, that we estimate was at least 0.4{\textendash}0.9 {\textdegree}C cooler than present. Overall, these findings improve understanding of the spatio-temporal dynamics of Holocene glacier and climate change in Greenland, potentially yielding valuable information about their future response.},
	keywords = {Equilibrium-line altitudes, Greenland, Holocene thermal maximum, lake sediments, Little ice age, Mountain glaciers, Paleotemperatures},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106421},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379120303838},
	author = {Larocca, Laura J. and Axford, Yarrow and Bj{\o}rk, Anders A. and Lasher, G. Everett and Brooks, Jeremy P.}
}
@article {2912,
	title = {Minimum limiting deglacial ages for the out-of-phase Saginaw Lobe of the Laurentide Ice Sheet using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon methods},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {97},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-09-2020},
	pages = {71 - 87},
	abstract = {Twenty-four new optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon ages from sediment cores in nine lakes associated with the Shipshewana and Sturgis moraines in northern Indiana and southern Michigan estimate when recession of the Saginaw Lobe of the Laurentide Ice Sheet was underway in the southern Great Lakes region, USA. Average OSL ages of 23.4 {\textpm} 2.2 ka for the Shipshewana Moraine and 19.7 {\textpm} 2.2 ka for the Sturgis Moraine are considered minimum limiting deglacial ages for these recessional moraines. The much younger radiocarbon ages are consistent with other regional radiocarbon ages from lakes, and record climate amelioration around ~16.5 cal ka BP. Early recession of the interlobate Saginaw Lobe was well underway by 23.4 {\textpm} 2.2 ka, when the adjacent Lake Michigan and Huron-Erie lobes were a few hundred kilometers farther south and near their maximum southerly limits. The results provide the first time constraints when sediment from the Lake Michigan and Huron-Erie lobes began filling the accommodation space left by the Saginaw Lobe. The difference between the oldest radiocarbon and OSL age is 7400 yr for the Shipshewana Moraine and 3400 yr for the Sturgis Moraine.},
	keywords = {Deglaciation, Lake sediment cores, OSL dating, Radiocarbon lag, Saginaw Lobe, Sturgis Moraine},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1017/qua.2020.12},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/quaternary-research/article/minimum-limiting-deglacial-ages-for-the-outofphase-saginaw-lobe-of-the-laurentide-ice-sheet-using-optically-stimulated-luminescence-osl-and-radiocarbon-methods/EA67A66F68407581E99D7D3A8F1},
	author = {Fisher, Timothy G. and Dziekan, Mitchell R. and McDonald, Jennifer and Lepper, Kenneth and Loope, Henry M. and McCarthy, Francine M.G. and Curry, B. Brandon}
}
@article {2674,
	title = {{\textquotedblleft}New{\textquotedblright} cyanobacterial blooms are not new: two centuries of lake production are related to ice cover and land use},
	journal = {Ecosphere},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-06-2020},
	abstract = {Recent cyanobacterial blooms in otherwise unproductive lakes may be warning signs of impending eutrophication in lakes important for recreation and drinking water, but little is known of their historical precedence or mechanisms of regulation. Here, we examined long-term sedimentary records of both general and taxon-specific trophic proxies from seven lakes of varying productivity in the northeastern United States to investigate their relationship to historical in-lake, watershed, and climatic drivers of trophic status. Analysis of fossil pigments (carotenoids and chlorophylls) revealed variable patterns of past primary production across lakes over two centuries despite broadly similar changes in regional climate and land use. Sediment abundance of the cyanobacteriumGloeotrichia,a large, toxic, nitrogen-fixing taxon common in recent blooms in this region, revealed that this was not a new taxon in the phytoplankton communities but rather had been present for centuries. Histories ofGloeotrichiaabundance differed strikingly across lakes and were not consistently associated with most other sediment proxies of trophic status. Changes in ice cover most often coincided with changes in fossil pigments, and changes in watershed land use were often related to changes inGloeotrichiaabundance, although no single climatic or land-use factor was associated with proxy changes across all seven lakes. The degree to which changes in lake sediment records co-occurred with changes in the timing of ice-out or agricultural land use was negatively correlated with the ratio of watershed area to lake area. Thus, both climate and land management appeared to play key roles in regulation of primary production in these lakes, although the manner in which these factors influenced lakes was mediated by catchment morphometry. Improved understanding of the past interactions between climate change, land use, landscape setting, and water quality underscores the complexity of mechanisms regulating lake and cyanobacterial production and highlights the necessity of considering these interactions-rather than searching for a singular mechanism-when evaluating the causes of ongoing changes in low-nutrient lakes.},
	keywords = {agriculture, basin morphometry, Cyanobacteria, eutrophication, Gloeotrichia, ice-out, land use, Maine, New Hampshire, paleoecology, Sediment chemistry, watershed},
	issn = {2150-8925},
	doi = {10.1002/ecs2.v11.610.1002/ecs2.3170},
	url = {https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ecs2.3170},
	author = {Ewing, Holly A. and Weathers, Kathleen C. and Cottingham, Kathryn L. and Leavitt, Peter R. and Greer, Meredith L. and Carey, Cayelan C. and Steele, Bethel G. and Fiorillo, Alyeska U. and Sowles, John P.}
}
@article {2903,
	title = {Provenance of terrigenous sediments in the central Bay of Bengal and its relationship to climate changes since 25 ka},
	journal = {Progress in Earth and Planetary Science},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-12-2020},
	abstract = {Lithogenic grain-size, geochemical elements of core sediments from the central Bay of Bengal (BoB) were analyzed to identify sediment provenance and explore the regional {\textquotedblleft}source-sink{\textquotedblright} processes since 25 ka. Based on the geochemical compositions of core BoB-88, relative contributions of three end-member sources (Himalayan, Myanmar, Indian Peninsula) were calculated and support the general understanding that Himalayan sources were dominant since the last glacial period, which could reach 70\% on average in our study. However, sediments from the Indian Peninsula and Myanmar also contributed nonnegligible materials to the central BoB since 25 ka, especially the former shows an obvious increase since 7.5 ka, which was neglected in the previous studies. To trace the sedimentary processes of different provenance terrigenous materials and reveal their response to climate changes, four typical stages with obvious provenance percent variation, including the Last Glacial Maximum period (LGM), Heinrich 1 (H1), Early Holocene Climate Optimum (EHCO), and mid-late Holocene period, were highlighted and discussed. Sea-level change played a dominant role in the glacial-interglacial scale by controlling the transition of deposition center between the shelf/subaquatic delta and the Bengal Fan, especially for sediment from the Himalayan source, exerting influence on contributions from different provenance end-members between the Holocene and the last glacial period. The opposite directions of the southwest and northeast monsoon current in the BoB have a significant influence on the transfer of the Indian Peninsula and Myanmar materials to the studied core, which led to an increase of up to 11\% than the average of the Indian Peninsula and a decrease of up to 9\% than the average of the Myanmar source during the Holocene. The balance between sea level (limited transport to the deep sea) and ISM (improved erosion production and output to the BoB) during the mid-late Holocene period maintained the stability of Himalayan source percent. Due to the control of the ISM variations, the Himalayan source showed a decrease of up to 20\% and 21\% than average during the LGM and H1 period, respectively, and an increase of up to 14\% than average during the EHCO. The Myanmar source exhibited fluctuations around the average value during the LGM period, but an obvious increase of up to 21\% during the H1 period and a decrease up to 8\% during the EHCO, while the Indian Peninsula source percent showed little variations during the LGM and H1, but a decrease of up to 6\% during the EHCO. Obvious 1/4 processional and millennial periodic changes (5.0 kyr and 1.1 kyr) of contribution proportions from three end-members provide additional evidences for the climate control on the regional source-sink processes and proved the controlled mechanisms of the orbital parameters and possible influence from the solar activity on millennial scales.},
	doi = {10.1186/s40645-020-00328-0},
	url = {https://progearthplanetsci.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40645-020-00328-0},
	author = {Li, Jingrui and Liu, Shengfa and Shi, Xuefa and Chen, Min-Te and Zhang, Hui and Zhu, Aimei and Cui, Jingjing and Khokiattiwong, Somkiat and Kornkanitnan, Narumol}
}
@article {2918,
	title = {RADIOCARBON RESERVOIR AGES IN THE HOLOCENE DEAD SEAABSTRACT},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {62},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-10-2020},
	pages = {1453 - 1473},
	abstract = {The sources and fate of radiocarbon (C-14) in the Dead Sea hypersaline solution are evaluated with C-14 measurements in organic debris and primary aragonite collected from exposures of the Holocene Ze{\textquoteright}elim Formation. The reservoir age (RA) is defined as the difference between the radiocarbon age of the aragonite at time of its precipitation (representing lake{\textquoteright}s dissolved inorganic carbon pig) and the age of contemporaneous organic debris (representing atmospheric radiocarbon). Evaluation of the data for the past 6000 yr from Dead Sea sediments reveal that the lake{\textquoteright}s RA decreased from 2890 yr at 6 cal kyr BP to 2300 yr at present. The RA lies at similar to 2400 yr during the past 3000 yr, when the lake was characterized by continuous deposition of primary aragonite, which implies a continuous supply of freshwater-bicarbonate into the lake. This process reflects the overall stability of the hydrological-climate conditions in the lake{\textquoteright}s watershed during the late Holocene where bicarbonate originated from dissolution of the surface cover in the watershed that was transported to the Dead Sea by the freshwater runoff. An excellent correlation (R-2=0.98) exists between aragonite ages and contemporaneous organic debris, allowing the estimation of ages of various primary deposits where organic debris are not available.},
	keywords = {aragonite, Dead Sea, Holocene, radiocarbon, reservoir ages},
	issn = {0033-8222},
	doi = {10.1017/RDC.2020.28},
	url = {https://apps.webofknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&Func=Frame\&DestFail=http\%3A\%2F\%2Fwww.webofknowledge.com\&SrcApp=search\&SrcAuth=Alerting\&SID=8AkJOJLKFU3j5nkGaRI\&customersID=Alerting\&mode=FullRecord\&IsProductCode=Yes\&AlertId=4d48b20a-7d27-4fa2-},
	author = {Weber, Nurit and Lazar, Boaz and Stern, Ofra and Burr, George and Gavrieli, Ittai and Roberts, Mark and Kurz, Mark D and Yechieli, Yoseph and Stein, Mordechai}
}
@article {2870,
	title = {A refined age calibrated paleosecular variation and relative paleointensity stack for the NW Barents Sea: Implication for geomagnetic field behavior during the Holocene},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {229},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-02-2020},
	pages = {106133},
	abstract = {Reconstruction of Paleomagnetic Secular Variation (PSV) of the geomagnetic field is fundamental both to assess geodynamo models and to obtain age constraints for rocks, sediments and archaeological material. We present refined age-calibrated Holocene PSV and relative paleointensity (RPI) stack curves derived from Arctic marine sediments (Northwestern Barents Sea). The Holocene sections of four sedimentary cores were correlated on the basis of paleomagnetic trends and age models, and stacked. The resultant composite PSV and RPI Holocene records (NBS stack) and the reconstructed Holocene Virtual Geomagnetic Pole (VGP) path were evaluated in comparison with the most recent paleomagnetic stack curves and geomagnetic field models. The data indicate that during the Holocene time, the VGPs moved within the superficial projection of the inner core tangent cylinder, with the exception of short time intervals around 5600 and 3200 cal yr BP when VGPs extended to lower latitudes. These deviations might reflect regional geomagnetic features, such as persistent geomagnetic flux lobes at core-mantle boundary. Our data confirm that the large VGP shift observed around 5600 cal yr BP is the result of an increased radial magnetic field at the core-mantle boundary over North America, whilst the VGP shift around 3200 cal yr BP represents a major swing to middle latitudes toward the Middle East and might be associated to a regional high paleointensity peak, known as Levantine Iron Age Anomaly (LIAA).},
	keywords = {Arctic region, Barents Sea, Geomagnetic paleosecular variation, Holocene, marine sediment cores, Paleomagnetism, Relative paleointensity},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.106133},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379119306869},
	author = {Caricchi, C. and Sagnotti, L. and Campuzano, S.A. and Lucchi, R.G. and Macr{\`I}, P. and Rebesco, M. and Camerlenghi, A.}
}
@article {2988,
	title = {The relation of geogenic contaminants to groundwater age, aquifer hydrologic position, water type, and redox conditions in Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain aquifers, eastern and south-central USA},
	journal = {Science of The Total Environment},
	volume = {723},
	year = {2020},
	month = {06/2020},
	pages = {137835},
	abstract = {Groundwater age distributions developed from carbon-14 (14C), tritium (3H), and helium-4 (4He) concentrations, along with aquifer hydrologic position, water type, and redox conditions, were compared to geogenic contaminants of concern (GCOC) from 252 public-supply wells in six Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain unconsolidated-sediment aquifers. Concentrations of one or more GCOCs in 168 (67\%) wells exceeded MCLs (maximum contaminant levels), SMCLs (secondary MCLs), or HBSLs (health-based screening levels). Human-health benchmark thresholds (MCLs or HBSLs) were exceeded in 31 (12\%) wells, and included 0.8\% for fluoride (F), 2.4\% for arsenic (As), 4\% for lead-210 (210Pb), and 6.7\% for polonium-210 (210Po). Values of pH increase with age and were outside the SMCL in 31\% of wells (23\%~<~6.5 and 7.5\%~>~8.5, SMCL). Among GCOCs with concentrations that increased significantly with groundwater age, the frequency of sentry threshold exceedances (i.e., one-half of MCL, SMCL, or HBSL) included 40\% for dissolved solids (DS), 12\% for chloride (Cl), 3.6\% for F, 4.4\% for As, and 9.5\% for 210Po. Iron (Fe) concentrations did not correlate with groundwater age, but exceeded sentry thresholds in 29\% of wells. Groundwater age, water types, redox, pH, and GCOCs varied because of unique hydrogeologic features of the aquifers (recharge locations and geometry). As expected, primarily confined aquifers had young, oxic, low to near-neutral pH water near the outcrop (recharge area), and older, reduced, high pH water deeper and farther along flow paths. However, unique aquifer hydrogeologic conditions, such as multiple-recharge zones produced anomalous patterns of young and old groundwater at varying depths and locations along flow paths. Evidence for this variability is seen in disequilibrium patterns in the progression of the chemical evolution of groundwater with hydrologic position. When hydrogeologic differences are considered, groundwater age combined with hydrologic-position data, can provide a strong basis for inferring potential occurrence of GCOCs.},
	keywords = {Arsenic, Fluoride, Iron, Lead-210, pH, Polonium-210},
	isbn = {0048-9697},
	doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137835},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720313474},
	author = {Degnan, James R. and Lindsey, Bruce D. and Levitt, Joseph P. and Szabo, Zoltan}
}
@article {2676,
	title = {Removal of Refractory Dissolved Organic Carbon in the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica},
	journal = {Scientific Reports},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-12-2020},
	abstract = {The removal mechanism of refractory deep-ocean dissolved organic carbon (deep-DOC) is poorly understood. The Amundsen Sea Polynya (ASP) serves as a natural test basin for assessing the fate of deep-DOC when it is supplied with a large amount of fresh-DOC and exposed to strong solar radiation during the polynya opening in austral summer. We measured the radiocarbon content of DOC in the water column on the western Amundsen shelf. The radiocarbon content of DOC in the surface water of the ASP reflected higher primary production than in the region covered by sea ice. The radiocarbon measurements of DOC, taken two years apart in the ASP, were different, suggesting rapid cycling of DOC. The increase in DOC concentration was less than expected from the observed increase in radiocarbon content from those at the greatest depths. Based on a radiocarbon mass balance, we show that deep-DOC is consumed along with fresh-DOC in the ASP. Our observations imply that water circulation through the surface layer, where fresh-DOC is produced, may play an important role in global DOC cycling.},
	keywords = {CIRCUMPOLAR DEEP-WATER, cycle, DOC, glaciers, INFLOW, MATTER, pacific, phytoplankton, poc, radiocarbon},
	doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-57870-6},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-57870-6http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-57870-6.pdfhttp://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-57870-6.pdfhttp://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-57870-6},
	author = {Fang, Ling and Lee, SangHoon and Lee, Shin-Ah and Hahm, Doshik and Kim, Guebuem and Druffel, Ellen R. M. and Hwang, Jeomshik}
}
@article {2781,
	title = {Resolving sea ice dynamics in the north-western Ross Sea during the last 2.6 ka: From seasonal to millennial timescales},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {237},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-06-2020},
	pages = {106299},
	abstract = {Time-series analyses of satellite images reveal that sea ice extent in the Ross Sea has experienced significant changes over the last 40 years, likely triggered by large-scale atmospheric anomalies. However, resolving how sea ice in the Ross Sea has changed over longer timeframes has until now remained more elusive. Here we used a laminated sediment piston core (14.6 m) collected from the Edisto inlet (Western Ross Sea) to reconstruct fast ice dynamics over the last 2.6 ka. Our goal was to first understand the climate expression of selected well-defined sediment laminae and then use these characteristics for reconstructing past sea ice behaviour across the whole sedimentary sequence. We used the recently established sea ice diatom biomarker proxy IPSO25 in combination with diatom census counts and bulk analyses. Analyses performed on a suite of discrete laminae revealed statistically significant differences between dark and light laminae reflecting different depositional conditions. Based on their respective biogeochemical fingerprints, we infer that dark laminae accumulated during sea ice thaws in early summer. Under these conditions, laminae contain relatively high concentrations of IPSO25 and display an enriched δ13C composition for the bulk organic matter (OM). While diatom assemblages in dark laminae are relatively homogenous, as the thaw continues later in the summer, Corethron pennatum becomes the dominant diatom species, resulting in the formation of light laminae characterized by low IPSO25 concentrations. Since C. pennatum can migrate vertically through the water column to uptake nutrients and avoid competition in oligotrophic waters, its high concentration likely reflects stratified and ice-free surface waters typical of late summer.

Down-core trends show that the correlation between sediment brightness and geochemical fingerprint (i.e., IPSO25 and δ13C) holds throughout the record. Based on the knowledge gained at lamina level, our down-core high-resolution reconstruction shows that the summer fast ice coverage changed dramatically during the late Holocene. Specifically, we conclude that the Edisto inlet experienced regular early summer opening between 2.6 ka, and ca. 0.7 ka, after which, coastal fast ice persisted during summer months and ice-free conditions became less frequent. Comparison with previous regional ice core data suggests that the sudden cooling recorded over the Victoria Land Coast region since 0.7 ka might potentially explain our observation of persistent summer fast ice in the Western Ross Sea. Our study has shown that multi-proxy data derived from laminated sediments can provide hitherto unknown detail regarding past summer sea ice dynamics in coastal Antarctic regions.},
	keywords = {Fast ice, IPSO25, Laminated sediments, Ross Sea, Sea ice},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106299},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379120302614},
	author = {Tesi, T. and Belt, S.T. and Gariboldi, K. and Muschitiello, F. and Smik, L. and Finocchiaro, F. and Giglio, F. and Colizza, E. and Gazzurra, G. and Giordano, P. and Morigi, C. and Capotondi, L. and Nogarotto, A. and K{\"o}seo{\u g}lu, D. and Di Roberto, A. and Gallerani, A. and Langone, L.}
}
@article {2834,
	title = {Sedimentary evidence of prehistoric distant-source tsunamis in the Hawaiian Islands},
	journal = {Sedimentology},
	volume = {67},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-04-2020},
	pages = {1249 - 1273},
	abstract = {Over the past 200 years of written records, the Hawaiian Islands have experienced tens of tsunamis generated by earthquakes in the subduction zones of the Pacific {\textquoteleft}Ring of Fire{\textquoteright} (for example, Alaska{\textendash}Aleutian, Kuril{\textendash}Kamchatka, Chile and Japan). Mapping and dating anomalous beds of sand and silt deposited by tsunamis in low-lying areas along Pacific coasts, even those distant from subduction zones, is critical for assessing tsunami hazard throughout the Pacific basin. This study searched for evidence of tsunami inundation using stratigraphic and sedimentological analyses of potential tsunami deposits beneath present and former Hawaiian wetlands, coastal lagoons, and river floodplains. Coastal wetland sites on the islands of Hawai΄i, Maui, O΄ahu and Kaua΄i were selected based on historical tsunami runup, numerical inundation modelling, proximity to sandy source sediments, degree of historical wetland disturbance, and breadth of prior geological and archaeological investigations. Sand beds containing marine calcareous sediment within peaty and/or muddy wetland deposits on the north and north-eastern shores of Kaua΄i, O΄ahu and Hawai΄i were interpreted as tsunami deposits. At some sites, deposits of the 1946 and 1957 Aleutian tsunamis are analogues for deeper, older probable tsunami deposits. Radiocarbon-based age models date sand beds from three sites to ca 700 to 500 cal yr bp, which overlaps ages for tsunami deposits in the eastern Aleutian Islands that record a local subduction zone earthquake. The overlapping modelled ages for tsunami deposits at the study sites support a plausible correlation with an eastern Aleutian earthquake source for a large prehistoric tsunami in the Hawaiian Islands.},
	keywords = {Aleutians, deposit, distant source, extreme events, Hawai΄i, palaeotsunami},
	issn = {0037-0746},
	doi = {10.1111/sed.12623},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/sed.12623},
	author = {La Selle, SeanPaul and Richmond, Bruce M. and Jaffe, Bruce E. and Nelson, Alan R. and Griswold, Frances R. and Arcos, Maria E. M. and Chagu{\'e}, Catherine and Bishop, James M. and Bellanova, Piero and Kane, Haunani H. and Lunghino, Brent D. and Gelfenbaum, Guy},
	editor = {Costa, Pedro}
}
@article {2669,
	title = {The southern Gulf of Mexico: A baseline radiocarbon isoscape of surface sediments and isotopic excursions at depth},
	journal = {PLOS ONE},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Mar-04-2021},
	pages = {e0231678},
	abstract = {The southern Gulf of Mexico (sGoM) is home to an extensive oil recovery and development infrastructure. In addition, the basin harbors sites of submarine hydrocarbon seepage and receives terrestrial inputs from bordering rivers. We used stable carbon, nitrogen, and radiocarbon analyses of bulk sediment organic matter to define the current baseline isoscapes of surface sediments in the sGoM and determined which factors might influence them. These baseline surface isoscapes will be useful for accessing future environmental impacts. We also examined the region for influence of hydrocarbon deposition in the sedimentary record that might be associated with hydrocarbon recovery, spillage and seepage, as was found in the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGoM) following the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill in 2010. In 1979, the sGoM experienced a major oil spill, Ixtoc 1. Surface sediment δ13C values ranged from -22.4{\textperthousand} to -19.9{\textperthousand}, while Δ14C values ranged from -337.1{\textperthousand} to -69.2{\textperthousand}.
Sediment δ15N values ranged from 2.8{\textperthousand} to 7.2{\textperthousand}, while the \%C on a carbonate-free basis ranged in value of 0.65\% to 3.89\% and \%N ranged in value of 0.09\% to 0.49\%. Spatial trends for δ13C and Δ14C were driven by water depth and distance from the coastline, while spatial trends for δ15N were driven by location (latitude and longitude). Location and distance from the coastline were significantly correlated with \%C and \%N. At depth in two of twenty (10\%) core profiles, we found negative δ13C and Δ14C excursions from baseline values in bulk sedimentary organic material, consistent with either oil-residue deposition or terrestrial inputs, but likely the latter. We then used 210Pb dating on those two profiles to determine the time in which the excursion-containing horizons were deposited. Despite the large spill in 1979, no evidence of hydrocarbon residue remained in the sediments from this specific time period.},
	keywords = {Gulf of Mexico, hydrocarbons, Oil spills, Oils, Petroleum, Sediment},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.023167810.1371},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32294128},
	author = {Bosman, Samantha H. and Schwing, Patrick T. and Larson, Rebekka A. and Wildermann, Natalie E. and Brooks, Gregg R. and Romero, Isabel C. and Sanchez-Cabeza, Joan-Albert and Ruiz-Fern{\'a}ndez, Ana Carolina and Machain-Castillo, Maria Luisa and Gracia, Adolfo and Escobar-Briones, Elva and Murawski, Steven A. and Hollander, David J. and Chanton, Jeffrey P.},
	editor = {Potter-McIntyre, Sally}
}
@article {2845,
	title = {Stable source of Holocene spring precipitation recorded in leaf wax hydrogen-isotope ratios from two New York lakes},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {240},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-07-2020},
	pages = {106357},
	abstract = {Changes in synoptic atmospheric circulation patterns are thought to play a role in establishing millennial scale climate periods during the end of the late glacial and the Holocene. In the northeastern United States, multi-proxy evidence documents fluctuations in effective moisture and temperatures for this time period, but constraining the relationship between atmospheric processes and these climate regimes is not straightforward. Because the hydrogen-isotope ratios of sedimentary terrestrial leaf waxes can reflect precipitation δD, these long-chain hydrocarbon compounds are an excellent tool to investigate moisture sourcing. Here we present lake sediment and leaf wax carbon- and hydrogen-isotope records that span the past \~{}14.0 thousand years from Heart Lake and Moose Pond in the Adirondack Mountains (ADK), New York. High initial lake productivity after basin inception is reflected in low C:N ratios (<15), and higher relative short chain n-alkane (n-C17, n-C19, and n-C21) to long chain n-alkane (n-C27, n-C29 and n-C31) concentration ratios. The Holocene record is characterized by low bulk and n-alkane δ13C (\~{} -28{\textperthousand}, \~{} -31{\textperthousand}, respectively), high ACL25-35 (\~{}28), and high relative concentrations of long chain n-alkane homologues, indicating a dominantly terrestrial source of organic matter for this time period. Hydrogen-isotope ratios of n-C29 n-alkane from both lake basins range only \~{}20{\textperthousand} through the Holocene and reconstructed precipitation δD (δDprecip) from both basins is in good agreement with that of modern modeled spring precipitation. This suggests there may have been no major changes in the sourcing of spring precipitation for the ADK throughout the time of record.},
	keywords = {Holocene, Hydrogen isotopes, late glacial, Leaf wax, North America, Organic geochemistry, paleoclimatology, Precipitation sourcing},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106357},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S027737912030319X},
	author = {Schartman, Anna K. and Diefendorf, Aaron F. and Lowell, Thomas V. and Freimuth, Erika J. and Stewart, Alexander K. and Landis, Joshua D. and Bates, Benjamin R.}
}
@article {2716,
	title = {A 12,700-year history of paleolimnological change from an Andean microrefugium},
	journal = {The Holocene},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jul-02-2020},
	pages = {231 - 243},
	abstract = {We present a 12,6700-yr limnological history of Lake Miski, a high-elevation lake in a wet section of the Peruvian Andes. While many shallow Andean lakes dried up during the mid-Holocene, loss-on-ignition, magnetic susceptibility, and diatom analysis showed that Lake Miski was a constant feature in the landscape. Overall, fluctuations in the fossil diatom communities of Lake Miski tracked changes in insolation, but this was not the only mechanism influencing observed variability. We identify periods when insolation and interactions with the Pacific Ocean may have played a role in structuring local climate and diatom assemblages. The true mid-Holocene Dry Event (MHDE) is manifested in this record between 8000 and 5000 cal BP, but the carbonate stratigraphy and the diatom community indicated that although the level of the lake decreased, it never completely dried out, instead there was higher availability of planktic habitat and stronger mixing than in much of the Holocene. High rates of biological change observed during the late-Holocene in other records from Peru associated with human amplification of climatic signals were not observed in Lake Miski, as this lake may have been too wet and remote to be strongly influenced by human activity. Because of the presence of a woodland microrefugium, Lake Miski was suggested to have been an unusually climatically stable and wet location during the regional drying associated with the MHDE. Our new limnological information provides additional insights relating to this discussion. The presence of the observed woodland apparently withstood fluctuations that induced state changes in the lake and diatom flora, underscoring that microrefugia do not equate to {\textquoteleft}unchanging{\textquoteright} hydrologies or climates.},
	keywords = {Andes, diatoms, drought, enso, Holocene, limnology, microrefugia, mid-Holocene dry event, paleoecology},
	issn = {0959-6836},
	doi = {10.1177/0959683618810400},
	url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0959683618810400},
	author = {de Novaes Nascimento, Majoi and Laurenzi, Anne Gail and Valencia, Bryan G and Van, Robert and Bush, Mark}
}
@article {2994,
	title = {14C Blank Corrections for 25{\textendash}100 μg Samples at the National Ocean Sciences AMS Laboratory},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {61},
	year = {2019},
	month = {10/2019},
	pages = {1403 - 1411},
	abstract = {Replicate radiocarbon (14C) measurements of organic and inorganic control samples, with known Fraction Modern values in the range Fm = 0{\textendash}1.5 and mass range 6 μg{\textendash}2 mg carbon, are used to determine both the mass and radiocarbon content of the blank carbon introduced during sample processing and measurement in our laboratory. These data are used to model, separately for organic and inorganic samples, the blank contribution and subsequently {\textquotedblleft}blank correct{\textquotedblright} measured unknowns in the mass range 25{\textendash}100 μg. Data, formulas, and an assessment of the precision and accuracy of the blank correction are presented.},
	keywords = {AMS, AMS dating, blank corrections},
	isbn = {0033-8222, 1945-5755},
	doi = {10.1017/RDC.2019.74},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/radiocarbon/article/14c-blank-corrections-for-25100-g-samples-at-the-national-ocean-sciences-ams-laboratory/494B9CF72445198570213B4A2CC303D0},
	author = {Roberts, M. L. and Elder, K. L. and Jenkins, W. J. and Gagnon, A. R. and Xu, L. and Hlavenka, J. D. and Longworth, B. E.}
}
@article {2836,
	title = {An 1800-year record of environmental change from the southern Adirondack Mountains, New York (USA)},
	journal = {Journal of Paleolimnology},
	volume = {62},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-10-2019},
	pages = {301 - 314},
	abstract = {We analyzed a sediment core from Piseco Lake, New York (USA), to infer late Holocene environmental conditions and look for evidence of prehistoric human activity in the region. We analyzed fossil pollen, charcoal, and geochemistry in sediments deposited over the last ~ 1800 years. The pollen record indicates the area was dominated primarily by Betula (birch), Pinus (pine), and Tsuga (hemlock). Picea (spruce) increased after ~ 1560 cal yr BP and eventually became a major component of the forest. A transition in the fire regime around Piseco Lake occurred after ~ 900 cal yr BP, perhaps associated with drier conditions during the Medieval Climate Anomaly, ca. 1000{\textendash}600 BP. A fire ca. 580 cal yr BP, along with decline of Tsuga after ~ 520 cal yr BP, may reflect generally dry conditions of the Little Ice Age (600{\textendash}150 BP). Climate change may have swamped any evidence for low-intensity, prehistoric human activity around Piseco Lake. The rise in Poaceae (grass) and Ambrosia (ragweed) pollen ~ 130 cal yr BP indicates European settlement in the area, and is followed by rapid decline of Tsuga and Pinus, most likely a consequence of logging. Since about 145 cal yr BP, increases in macroscopic charcoal concentrations and changes in sediment geochemistry indicate increased erosion and nutrient influx to Piseco Lake, likely related to anthropogenic activities.},
	issn = {0921-2728},
	doi = {10.1007/s10933-019-00093-1},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10933-019-00093-1},
	author = {Grochocki, Konrad K. and Lane, Chad S. and Stager, Jay Curt}
}
@article { ISI:000480669600041,
	title = {Annual radiocarbon measurements in a century-old European beech tree (Fagus sylvatica) from coastal northeastern North America},
	journal = {NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS \& METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS},
	volume = {456},
	year = {2019},
	month = {OCT 1},
	pages = {264-270},
	abstract = {Radiocarbon (C-14) concentrations of annual tree rings from an European beech tree (Fagus sylvatica) from Woods Hole, MA, USA were analyzed at National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry facility (NOSAMS) to construct a C-14 bomb curve record from northeastern North America. The C-14 concentration rises from a pre bomb (1895-1955) average of Fraction Modern ((FC)-C-14) = 0.9764 to a peak of 1.8639 in 1964. After 1964, (FC)-C-14 gradually decreases to 1.0611 in 2014. The annual tree-ring radiocarbon content agrees with the atmospheric radiocarbon content of the Northern Hemisphere and is very similar to the radiocarbon concentration of a red oak (Quercus rubra) tree located in Bear Mountain State Park in New York, USA. Infra-annual tree-ring pairs did not produce evidence of a seasonal effect on the radiocarbon concentration, but there were few samples and more study is warranted.},
	issn = {0168-583X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.nimb.2019.03.029},
	author = {Gaylord, Mary C. Lardie and Longworth, Brett E. and Murphy, Keelan and Cobb, Caroline and McNichol, Ann P.}
}
@article {2990,
	title = {Arsenic variability and groundwater age in three water supply wells in southeast New Hampshire},
	journal = {Geoscience Frontiers},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2019},
	month = {09/2019},
	pages = {1669 - 1683},
	abstract = {Three wells in New Hampshire were sampled bimonthly over three years to evaluate the temporal variability of arsenic concentrations and groundwater age. All samples had measurable concentrations of arsenic throughout the entire sampling period and concentrations in individual wells had a mean variation of more than 7~μg/L. The time series data from this sampling effort showed that arsenic concentrations ranged from a median of 4~μg/L in a glacial aquifer well (SGW-65) to medians of 19~μg/L and 37~μg/L in wells (SGW-93 and KFW-87) screened in the bedrock aquifer, respectively. These high arsenic concentrations were associated with the consistently high pH (median~>=~8) and low dissolved oxygen (median <0.1~mg/L) in the bedrock aquifer wells, which is typical of fractured crystalline bedrock aquifers in New Hampshire. Groundwater from the glacial aquifer often has high dissolved oxygen, but in this case was consistently low. The pH also is generally acidic in the glacial aquifer but in this case was slightly alkaline (median~=~7.5). Also, sorption sites may be more abundant in glacial aquifer deposits than in fractured bedrock which may contribute to lower arsenic concentrations. Mean groundwater ages were less than 50 years old in all three wells and correlated with conservative tracer concentrations, such as chloride; however, mean age was not directly correlated with arsenic concentrations. Arsenic concentrations at KFW-87 did correlate with water levels, in addition, there was a seasonal pattern, which suggests that either the timing of or multiple sampling efforts may be important to define the full range of arsenic concentrations in domestic bedrock wells. Since geochemically reduced conditions and alkaline pHs are common to both bedrock and glacial aquifer wells in this study, groundwater age correlates less strongly with arsenic concentrations than geochemical conditions. There also is evidence of direct hydraulic connection between the glacial and bedrock aquifers, which can influence arsenic concentrations. Correlations between arsenic concentrations and the age of the old fraction of water in SGW-65 and the age of the young fraction of water in SGW-93 suggest that water in the two aquifers may be mixing or at least some of the deeper, older water captured by the glacial aquifer well may be from a similar source as the shallow young groundwater from the bedrock aquifer. The contrast in arsenic concentrations in the two aquifers may be because of increased adsorption capacity of glacio-fluvial sediments, which can limit contaminants more than fractured rock. In addition, this study illustrates that long residence times are not necessary to achieve more geochemically evolved conditions such as high pH and reduced conditions as is typically found with older water in other regions.},
	keywords = {Age tracers, Arsenic variability, Geochemical time series, Groundwater age modeling},
	isbn = {1674-9871},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gsf.2019.01.002},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987119300313},
	author = {Levitt, Joseph P. and Degnan, James R. and Flanagan, Sarah M. and Jurgens, Bryant C.}
}
@article {2679,
	title = {Bigmouth Buffalo Ictiobus cyprinellus sets freshwater teleost record as improved age analysis reveals centenarian longevity},
	journal = {Communications Biology},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-12-2019},
	abstract = {Understanding the age structure and population dynamics of harvested species is crucial for sustainability, especially in fisheries. The Bigmouth Buffalo (Ictiobus cyprinellus) is a fish endemic to the Mississippi and Hudson Bay drainages. A valued food-fish for centuries, they are now a prized sportfish as night bowfishing has become a million-dollar industry in the past decade. All harvest is virtually unregulated and unstudied, and Bigmouth Buffalo are declining while little is known about their biology. Using thin-sectioned otoliths and bomb-radiocarbon dating, we find Bigmouth Buffalo can reach 112 years of age, more than quadrupling previous longevity estimates, making this the oldest known freshwater teleost (~12,000 species). We document numerous populations that are comprised largely (85-90\%) of individuals over 80 years old, suggesting long-term recruitment failure since dam construction in the 1930s. Our findings indicate Bigmouth Buffalo require urgent attention, while other understudied fishes may be threatened by similar ecological neglect.},
	keywords = {Ageing, Conservation biology, Freshwater ecology, Ichthyology},
	doi = {10.1038/s42003-019-0452-0},
	url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31149641/},
	author = {Lackmann, Alec R. and Andrews, Allen H. and Butler, Malcolm G. and Bielak-Lackmann, Ewelina S. and Clark, Mark E.}
}
@article {2853,
	title = {Discovery of an Extensive Deep-Sea Fossil Serpulid Reef Associated With a Cold Seep, Santa Monica Basin, CaliforniaTable_1.docx},
	journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jul-03-2020},
	abstract = {Multibeam bathymetric mapping of the Santa Monica Basin in the eastern Pacific has revealed the existence of a number of elevated bathymetric features, or mounds, harboring cold seep communities. During 2013{\textendash}2014, mounds at \~{}600 m water depth were observed for the first time and sampled by Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute{\textquoteright}s ROV Doc Ricketts. Active cold seeps were found, but surprisingly one of these mounds was characterized by massive deposits composed of fossil serpulid worm tubes (Annelida: Serpulidae) exhibiting various states of mineralization by authigenic carbonate. No living serpulids with equivalent tube morphologies were found at the site; hence the mound was termed {\textquotedblleft}Fossil Hill.{\textquotedblright} In the present study, the identity of the fossil serpulids and associated fossil community, the ages of fossils and authigenic carbonates, the formation of the fossil serpulid aggregation, and the geological structure of the mound are explored. Results indicate that the tubes were most likely made by a deep-sea serpulid lineage, with radiocarbon dating suggesting that they have a very recent origin during the Late Pleistocene, specifically to the Last Glacial Maximum \~{}20,000 years ago. Additional U-Th analyses of authigenic carbonates mostly corroborate the radiocarbon dates, and also indicate that seepage was occurring while the tubes were being formed. We also document similar, older deposits along the approximate trajectory of the San Pedro Basin Fault. We suggest that the serpulid tube facies formed in situ, and that the vast aggregation of these tubes at Fossil Hill is likely due to a combination of optimal physical environmental conditions and chemosynthetic production, which may have been particularly intense as a result of sea-level lowstand during the Last Glacial Maximum.},
	doi = {10.3389/fmars.2019.00115},
	url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2019.00115/full},
	author = {Georgieva, Magdalena N. and Paull, Charles K. and Little, Crispin T. S. and McGann, Mary and Sahy, Diana and Condon, Daniel and Lundsten, Lonny and Pewsey, Jack and Caress, David W. and Vrijenhoek, Robert C.}
}
@article {2871,
	title = {Dissolved organic carbon in basalt-hosted deep subseafloor fluids of the Juan de Fuca Ridge flank},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {513},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-05-2019},
	pages = {156 - 165},
	abstract = {Marine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is highly depleted in radiocarbon and thus inferred to be largely refractory to removal processes that operate on less than millennial timescales. However, a growing number of reports have shown that a large fraction of marine DOC can be effectively removed during circulation through submarine hydrothermal systems. What is not clear, however, is whether the DOC that remains in hydrothermal fluids is remnant non-reactive DOC from recharged seawater, or DOC that has been largely produced in the subsurface. We collected and characterized warm (\~{}65 {\textdegree}C) hydrothermal fluids from deep (18, 40, 73, 200 m) within the basalt-hosted basement of the Juan de Fuca Ridge flank in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. DOC concentrations in hydrothermal fluids were 9 to 18 μM, much lower than measured in local deep seawater (37.5 μM). DOC C values of -683{\textperthousand} to -856{\textperthousand} were much lower than the C-dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) values of -880{\textperthousand} to -918{\textperthousand}, while DOC C values of -23.6{\textperthousand} to -27.0{\textperthousand} were much heavier than that of the particulate organic carbon (POC) pool ({\textperthousand}), suggesting that biological production in the subsurface is not a primary source of DOC. Rather, our data suggest that isotopically enriched DOC are selectively removed from recharged seawater, leaving DOC that is very isotopically depleted in the basaltic basement fluids. Despite the removal of 50{\textendash}75\% of DOC in the subsurface, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) functional group analyses indicate that aromatic compounds were added to basaltic basement fluids during passage through the deep subseafloor and may partly contribute to the depleted 14C DOC in the ridge-flank basement fluids.},
	keywords = {aromatic organic compound, basaltic basement fluid, carbon isotopes, dissolved organic carbon, Juan de Fuca, selective removal, subseafloor},
	issn = {0012821X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2019.02.008},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0012821X19300998},
	author = {Lin, Huei-Ting and Repeta, Daniel J. and Xu, Li and Rapp{\'e}, Michael S.}
}
@article {2775,
	title = {Evidence for frequent, large tsunamis spanning locked and creeping parts of the Aleutian megathrust},
	journal = {GSA Bulletin},
	volume = {131},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-05-2019},
	pages = {707 - 729},
	abstract = {At the eastern end of the 1957 Andreanof Islands, Alaska, USA, moment magnitude 8.6 earthquake rupture, Driftwood Bay (Umnak Island) and Stardust Bay (Sedanka Island) lie along presently locked and creeping parts of the Aleutian megathrust, respectively, based on satellite geodesy onshore. Both bays, located 200 km apart, face the Aleutian trench and harbor coastal evidence for tsunami inundation in 1957. Here we describe the evidence at Driftwood Bay, including eight sheets of landward-fining, normally-graded marine sand that extend up to 375 m inland and 23 m above mean tide level. Drift logs that corroborate historical accounts of 1957 tsunami runup on Umnak Island{\textquoteright}s Pacific coast overlie the youngest sand sheet, which 137Cs activity shows was deposited in the decade before 1963. The older sand sheets probably record tsunamis prior to 1957 because an emergent coastal terrace lacks evidence for storm-wave erosion and overwash since ca. 2 ka. Comparisons of the Driftwood Bay and Stardust Bay tsunami histories suggest that at least twice in the past 1700 years inundation occurred at one site but not the other. In contrast, Bayesian age-depth modeling suggests that the two bays may record five tsunamis like the 1957 tsunami, generated by earthquake ruptures that spanned the presently locked and creeping parts of the Aleutian megathrust. However, serial tsunamis occurring within days to centuries cannot be precluded. Our findings imply 164{\textendash}257-year recurrence intervals for large eastern Aleutian tsunamis and challenge the notion that creeping parts of the megathrust, inferred from geodesy onshore, pose lower earthquake and tsunami hazards than locked areas.},
	issn = {0016-7606},
	doi = {10.1130/B32031.110.1130/2018296},
	url = {https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/gsabulletin/article/131/5-6/707/566656/Evidence-for-frequent-large-tsunamis-spanning},
	author = {Witter, Rob and Briggs, Rich and Engelhart, Simon E. and Gelfenbaum, Guy and Koehler, Rich D. and Nelson, Alan and Selle, SeanPaul La and Corbett, Reide and Wallace, Kristi}
}
@article {2637,
	title = {Evidence of Ice Age humans in eastern Beringia suggests early migration to North America},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {205},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-02-2019},
	pages = {35 - 44},
	abstract = {Our understanding of the timing and pathway of human arrival to the Americas remains an important and polarizing topic of debate in archaeology and anthropology. Traditional consensus, supported by archaeological and paleoenvironmental data, favors a {\textquoteright}swift peopling{\textquoteright} of the Americas from Asia via the Bering Land Bridge during the last Glacial termination. More recent genetic data and archaeological finds have challenged this view, proposing the {\textquoteright}Beringian standstill hypothesis{\textquoteright} (BSH), wherein a population of proto-Americans migrated from Asia during, or even prior to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and lived in Beringia for thousands of years before their eventual spread across the American continents. Using a sediment archive from Lake E5 (68.641667 degrees N, 149.457706 degrees W), located on Alaska{\textquoteright}s North Slope, we present new data supporting the BSH and shedding new light on the environmental impact of these early American populations. Fecal biomarkers support human presence in the environs of the lake, and our data demonstrate elevated biomass burning in this region during the last Glacial. Elevated burning defies the expectation that natural fires would be less frequent in the Arctic during the last Glacial, thereby suggesting human ignition as the likely culprit. Our data shed new light on the pathway and timing of human migration to the Americas and demonstrate the possibility of the sustainable coexistence of humans and the Ice Age megafauna in Beringia prior to their extinction. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Beringia, charcoal, Fecal sterols, Last Glacial, Paleofire, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.12.003},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379118307716https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0277379118307716?httpAccept=text/xmlhttps://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0277379118307716?httpAccept=text/plain},
	author = {Vachula, Richard S. and Huang, Yongsong and Longo, William M. and Dee, Sylvia G. and Daniels, William C. and Russell, James M.}
}
@article {2782,
	title = {Farming strategies of 1st millennium CE agro-pastoralists on the southern foothills of the Tianshan Mountains: A geoarchaeological and macrobotanical investigation of the Mohuchahangoukou (MGK) site, Xinjiang, China},
	journal = {PLOS ONE},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2019},
	month = {May-06-2019},
	pages = {e0217171},
	abstract = {Archaeological evidence emerging over the past decade clearly illustrates that agro-pastoralists living along the foothills of major mountain chains in Central Asia (the so-called {\textquotedblleft}Inner Asian Mountain Corridor{\textquotedblright} or IAMC) facilitated the spread of domesticated grains through their direct involvement in farming. While the environmental conditions across the northwestern slopes of the IAMC provided adequate resources for incipient farming and herding as early as the mid-3rd mill. BCE, the development of local agricultural strategies on the extremely arid and eroded foothills on the southeastern, leeward side of the mountains remain comparatively less studied. Our study tackles this problem by combining geoarchaeological analysis with conventional macrobotanical identification in the investigation of a 1st-mill. CE agro-pastoralist farming site, Mohuchahangoukou (MGK), located on the arid foothills of the Tianshan range. Our results illustrate how ancient agro-pastoralists at MGK innovated irrigation systems both to combat water shortage and, importantly, to trap sediments carried by flood-water for crop cultivation. By synthesizing currently available data, we estimate that they managed to trap about 40 cm of fine-grained sediment within a span of 200 years or even less. These stone-built field systems helped water a diverse stand of crops and create deeper soils in an otherwise deflated landscape with thin desert soils. Since we detected high levels of salt concentration (>2 dSm-1) in the lower portions of all three test trenches we analyzed, we conclude that soil salinization might have affected the long-term sustainability of this form of irrigated field management. We also infer that, besides engineering efforts, the ancient agro-pastoralists at MGK had to resolve the scheduling conflicts between irrigated farming and animal herding through labor specialization.},
	keywords = {Agricultural irrigation, Agricultural soil science, agriculture, Archaeology, Crops, Geochemistry, Paleopedology, Sediment},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0217171},
	url = {https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217171},
	author = {Li, Yuqi and Storozum, Michael and Tian, Duo and Frachetti, Michael and Su, Kai and Wang, Xin},
	editor = {Islam, Rafiq}
}
@article {2734,
	title = {A fluvially derived flood deposit dating to the Kamikaze typhoons near Nagasaki, Japan},
	journal = {Natural Hazards},
	volume = {99},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-11-2019},
	pages = {827 - 841},
	abstract = {Previous studies in western Kyushu revealed prominent marine-derived flood deposits that date to the late thirteenth-century and are interpreted to be a result of two legendary typhoons linked to the failed Mongol invasions of Japan in 1274 and 1281. The regional persistence and prominence of sediments dating to these {\textquotedblleft}Kamikaze{\textquotedblright} typhoon events (meaning divine wind) raise questions about the origins of these late thirteenth-century deposits. This is due in part to uncertainty in distinguishing between tsunami and storm-induced deposition. To provide additional insight into the true cause of prominent late thirteenth-century flood deposits in western Kyushu, we present a detailed assessment of an additional event deposit dating to the late thirteenth-century from Lake Kawahara near Nagasaki, Japan. This particular deposit thickens landward towards the primary river flowing into Lake Kawahara and exhibits anomalously low Sr/Ti ratios that are consistent with a fluvial rather than a marine sediment source. When combined with previous flood reconstructions, results support the occurrence of an extreme, late thirteenth-century event that was associated with both intense marine- and river-derived flooding. Results therefore contribute to a growing line of evidence for the Kamikaze typhoons resulting in widespread flooding in the region, rather than the late thirteenth-century deposit being associated with a significant tsunami impact to western Kyushu.},
	issn = {0921-030X},
	doi = {10.1007/s11069-019-03777-z},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11069-019-03777-z},
	author = {Ladlow, Caroline and Woodruff, Jonathan D. and Cook, Timothy L. and Baranes, Hannah and Kanamaru, Kinuyo}
}
@article {2710,
	title = {Holocene glacier fluctuations on the northern flank of Cordillera Darwin, southernmost South America},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {222},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-10-2019},
	pages = {105904},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.105904},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379119303890},
	author = {Hall, B.L. and Lowell, T.V. and Bromley, G.R.M. and Denton, G.H. and Putnam, A.E.}
}
@article { ISI:000474318200011,
	title = {Holocene temperature history of northwest Greenland - With new ice cap constraints and chironomid assemblages from Deltaso},
	journal = {QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS},
	volume = {215},
	year = {2019},
	month = {JUL 1},
	pages = {160-172},
	abstract = {Arctic temperature shifts drive changes in carbon cycling, sea ice extent and Greenland Ice Sheet mass balance, all of which have global ramifications. Paleoclimate data from past warm periods provide a unique means for assessing the sensitivity of these systems to warming climate, but the magnitude and timing of past temperature changes in many parts of the Arctic are poorly known. Here we assess orbital scale Holocene temperature change in northwest Greenland near the margin of the ice sheet using subfossil insect assemblages from lake Deltaso. Based upon sedimentation history in this currently proglacial lake, we also place constraints on Holocene extents of the adjacent North Ice Cap, a large independent ice cap. Reconstructed summer temperatures were warmer than present at the onset of lacustrine sedimentation following regional deglaciation by the Greenland Ice Sheet, sometime between 10.8 and 10.1 ka BP. Deltaso experienced the warmest summer temperatures of the Holocene between similar to 10 and 6.2 ka BP, followed by progressive cooling that continued through the late Holocene as summer insolation declined, culminating in the lowest temperatures during the pre-industrial last millennium. Deltaso chironomids indicate peak early Holocene summer temperatures at least 2.5-3 degrees C warmer than modern and at least 3.5-4 degrees C warmer than the pre-industrial last millennium. We infer based upon lake sediment organic and biogenic content that in response to declining temperatures, North Ice Cap reached its present-day size similar to 1850 AD, having been smaller than present through most of the preceding Holocene. Our synthesis of paleoclimate evidence from northwest Greenland, Ellesmere Island and northern Baffin Bay supports the timing of temperature trends inferred at Deltaso, and suggests that quantitative temperature reconstructions from Deltas(?) may represent a minimum bound on regional early Holocene warming. Collectively, records from the region indicate >4 degrees C summer cooling through the Holocene. Intense early Holocene warmth around northwest Greenland argues against delayed onset of warmer than -present conditions due to the influence of the nearby waning Laurentide Ice Sheet, and has implications for understanding the Greenland Ice Sheet{\textquoteright}s sensitivity to climate change. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.05.011},
	author = {Axford, Y. and Lasher, G. E. and Kelly, M. A. and Osterberg, E. C. and Landis, J. and Schellinger, G. C. and Pfeiffer, A. and Thompson, E. and Francis, D. R.}
}
@article {2761,
	title = {Implications of radiocarbon ages of organic and inorganic carbon in coastal lakes in Florida for establishing a reliable chronology for sediment-based paleoclimate reconstructionAbstract},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {91},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-03-2019},
	pages = {638 - 649},
	abstract = {Coastal lake sediments are valuable paleoclimate archives provided that they can be accurately dated. Here, we report radiocarbon ages of bulk sediment organic matter (OM), plants, shells, particulate OM, and dissolved OM from coastal lakes in Florida. Bulk sediment OM yielded ages that are consistently older than contemporaneous plants and shells, indicating significant radiocarbon deficiencies in sedimentary OM in these lakes. The data show that the OM radiocarbon deficiency varies over time and with location, making it impossible to determine a proper correction factor for radiocarbon ages of bulk sediments from these lakes. As a result, we consider ages obtained from bulk sediment OM from these lakes unreliable. The age reversals in bulk sediment OM observed in the sediment cores are likely caused by rapid increases in erosion and sedimentation resulting from large storm events. The data also show that sedimentation rate can vary considerably within a given lake, implying that an age-depth model established for one core cannot be directly applied to other cores despite their close proximity. Analyses of shells from one of the lakes suggest that fresh/brackish-water shells may serve as a good substrate for radiocarbon dating owing to a small reservoir effect on inorganic carbon.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1017/qua.2018.96},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033589418000960/type/journal_article},
	author = {Wang, Yang and Das, Oindrila and Xu, Xiaomei and Liu, Jin and Jahan, Shakura and Means, Guy H. and Donoghue, Joseph and Jiang, Shijun}
}
@article {2632,
	title = {Improved C- efficiency and ion beam currents by modifying SNICS cathode material},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
	volume = {439},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-01-2019},
	pages = {90 - 93},
	abstract = {We investigated the possibility of increasing the C-14 AMS efficiency and maximizing C- beam currents by modifying sample cathode geometry and material. Previously, we reported results which showed an increase in C- beam current and improved ionization efficiency when reducing the cathode sample well diameter from 1 mm to 0.75 mm and using zinc inserts, pressed into the aluminum cathode holder [4]. In this study we expand that effort by using cathodes with inserts made of Fe, Mo, Ni, Ti, Cu, and Zn. We pressed cathodes with 100 mu g of Oxalic Acid I (OX-I) and ran them to exhaustion. C-12 beam currents, C-14 counts, and graphite weight were used to determine ion source efficiency.},
	keywords = {Cathode, Efficiency, Ion source, SNICS},
	issn = {0168583X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.nimb.2018.11.015},
	url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2\&SrcAuth=Alerting\&SrcApp=Alerting\&DestApp=WOS_CPL\&DestLinkType=FullRecord\&UT=WOS:000455693100015},
	author = {Hlavenka, Joshua D. and Abrams, Henry and Roberts, Mark L. and Longworth, Brett E. and Fallon, Stewart}
}
@article {2712,
	title = {In situ cosmogenic 3He and 36Cl and radiocarbon dating of volcanic deposits refine the Pleistocene and Holocene eruption chronology of SW Peru},
	journal = {Bulletin of Volcanology},
	volume = {81},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-11-2019},
	abstract = {Constraining the age of young lavas, which generally fall outside the effective range of traditional geochronology methods, remains a key challenge in volcanology, limiting the development of high-resolution eruption chronologies. We present an in situ cosmogenic 3He and 36Cl surface-exposure chronology, alongside new minimum-limiting 14C ages, documenting young eruptions at five sites in the Western Cordillera, southern Peru. Four 3He-dated lavas on the Nevado Coropuna volcanic complex (hitherto thought to be dormant) indicate that the central dome cluster is young and potentially active; two Holocene lavas on the easternmost dome are the youngest directly dated lavas in Peru to date. East of Coropuna, lava domes and block-lava flows represent the most extensive output to date of Nevado Sabancaya, one of Peru{\textquoteright}s most active volcanoes. Two 3He measurements confirm the Holocene age of these deposits and expand the chronology for one of the youngest major lava fields in Peru. 36Cl surface-exposure ages from the Purupurini dome cluster and Nevado Casiri document middle-late-Holocene episodes of effusive activity, while basal 14C ages from a lava-dammed wetland constrain an effusive eruption at Mina Arcata, north of Coropuna, to the late-glacial period. These new data advance the recent Western Cordillera volcanic record whilst demonstrating both the considerable potential and fundamental limitations of cosmogenic surface-exposure methods for such applications.},
	issn = {0258-8900},
	doi = {10.1007/s00445-019-1325-6},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00445-019-1325-6},
	author = {Bromley, Gordon R. M. and Thouret, Jean-Claude and Schimmelpfennig, Irene and Mari{\~n}o, Jersy and Valdivia, David and Rademaker, Kurt and del Pilar Vivanco Lopez, Socorro and Team, ASTER and Auma{\^\i}tre, Georges and Bourl{\`e}s, Didier and Keddadouche, Karim}
}
@article {2890,
	title = {Investigating environmental changes as the driving force of agricultural intensification in the lower reaches of the Yellow River: A case study at the Sanyangzhuang site},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	volume = {521},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-06-2019},
	pages = {25 - 34},
	abstract = {In many different societies around the world, people transitioned from slash-and-burn agriculture to an intensive mode of agricultural production. However, why agriculture was increasingly intensified by early farmers remains less understood. This study investigates the driving forces of agricultural intensification from an environmental perspective. Based on our fieldwork at the Sanyangzhuang site and previous paleoclimatic studies, we reconstruct the depositional processes and climatic changes at Sanyangzhuang and its surrounding area between 5000 yr BP and 2000 yr BP. Data suggest that farmers in the lower reaches of the Yellow River were confronted with increasingly severe Yellow River flooding and drier and colder climate during this time period. The environmental changes increase risks of crop failure and famine, disrupt the equilibrium of the social system and induce a process that brings about initial agricultural intensification. This environmental pressure is aggravated by social/political factors and results in the further development of agricultural intensification.},
	keywords = {Agricultural intensification, Environmental changes, Sanyangzhuang, The Yellow River},
	issn = {10406182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2019.06.033},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1040618219300655},
	author = {Qin, Zhen and Storozum, Michael and Liu, Haiwang and Zhang, Xiaohu and Kidder, Tristram R.}
}
@book {2719,
	title = {Mapping Isotopic and Dissolved Organic Matter Baselines in Waters and Sediments of the~Gulf of Mexico},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {160 - 181},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	address = {Cham},
	abstract = {The Deepwater Horizon oil spill released petroleum hydrocarbons that were depleted in δ13C and Δ14C at depth into the Gulf of Mexico. Stable-carbon and radiocarbon isotopic values and high-resolution mass spectrometry were used to follow the distributions of this petroleum and to track its transformation into petrocarbon, a term used to describe crude oil or transformed crude oil following biodegradation, weathering, oxygenation, or loss of lighter components. The term petrocarbon includes oil- or methane-derived carbon assimilated or incorporated into microbial biomass or into the food web as well as degraded and undegraded petroleum constituents. Here we report (1) the increase in the relative abundance of oxygen-containing carbon compounds making up the dissolved organic matter (DOM) with increasing depth through the water column, indicating the biodegradation of DOM as it was transported to depth in the water column, (2) the finding of 14C depletion in DOM indicating petrocarbon inputs, and (3) the decrease and subsequent increase of 14C in the isotopic composition of sinking particles indicating the capture of petrocarbon in sediment traps. In addition, we discuss the 14C depletion of this material once it is sedimented to the seafloor and the implications for oil spill budgets of seafloor petrocarbon deposition.},
	keywords = {Dissolved organic matter, FTICR-MS, Gulf baselines, High-resolution mass spectrometry, organic carbon, radiocarbon, Ramped pyrolysis, Sediment organic matter},
	isbn = {978-3-030-12962-0},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-12963-710.1007/978-3-030-12963-7_10},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-12963-7_10},
	author = {Chanton, Jeffrey P. and Jaggi, Aprami and Radovi{\'c}, Jago{\v s} R. and Rosenheim, Brad E. and Walker, Brett D. and Larter, Stephen R. and Rogers, Kelsey and Bosman, Samantha and Oldenburg, Thomas B. P.},
	editor = {Murawski, Steven A. and Ainsworth, Cameron H. and Gilbert, Sherryl and Hollander, David J. and Paris, Claire B. and Schl{\"u}ter, Michael and Wetzel, Dana L.}
}
@article {2687,
	title = {Medieval warmth confirmed at the Norse Eastern Settlement in Greenland},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {47},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-03-2019},
	pages = {267 - 270},
	abstract = {Recent work has documented glacier advances in West Greenland coincident with the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and warmth across much of northern Europe. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) has been invoked to explain antiphasing of temperatures between these North Atlantic regions. Historical and model observations suggest negative correlation between the mode of NAO and both temperature and δ18O values of precipitation over much of Greenland. We test for a hypothesized positive NAO mode and associated cool conditions during the MCA in South Greenland within the Norse Eastern Settlement by reconstructing δ18O values of precipitation at subcentennial resolution over the past 3000 yr using aquatic insect subfossils preserved in lake sediments. More positive δ18O values are found between 900 and 1400 CE, indicating a period of warmth in South Greenland superimposed on late Holocene insolation-forced Neoglacial cooling, and thus not supporting a positive NAO anomaly during the MCA. Highly variable δ18O values record an unstable climate at the end of the MCA, preceding Norse abandonment of Greenland. The spatial pattern of paleoclimate in this region supports proposals that North Atlantic subpolar ocean currents modulated South Greenland{\textquoteright}s climate over the past 3000 yr, particularly during the MCA. Terrestrial climate in the Labrador Sea and Baffin Bay regions may be spatially heterogeneous on centennial time scales due in part to the influence of the subpolar gyre.},
	issn = {0091-7613},
	doi = {10.1130/G45833.110.1130/2019096},
	url = {https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article/47/3/267/568708/Medieval-warmth-confirmed-at-the-Norse-Easternhttps://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article-pdf/47/3/267/4650216/267.pdfhttps://www.geosociety.org/datarepository/2019096},
	author = {Lasher, G. Everett and Axford, Yarrow}
}
@article {2842,
	title = {Mid-late Holocene rainfall variation in Taiwan: A high-resolution multi-proxy record unravels the dual influence of the Asian monsoon and ENSO},
	journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},
	volume = {516},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-02-2019},
	pages = {139 - 151},
	abstract = {Taiwan is particularly sensitive to changes in monsoonal precipitation and to typhoon-induced heavy precipitation events, however, rainfall variability in Taiwan on centennial and millennial time scales during the Holocene has not been well understood. This study describes mid-Holocene rainfall features of Taiwan based on pollen, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), and C/N ratio records of core MD05-2908. The step-wise increase in sedimentation rate, fern spore percentage and concentration, TOC content, and C/N ratio suggests an increasing terrestrial material supply due to the intensified rainfall in Taiwan since 6800 cal. yr BP. This rainfall pattern shows an inverse pattern to the decreasing East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) strength represented by the multi-proxy records from North China. Variation of the East Asian summer circulation and associated moisture transport may account for the long-term rainfall changes in Taiwan. Superimposed on this trend, we interpreted three prominent rainfall changes, which focus on the periods of 6800{\textendash}6600, 1090{\textendash}880 and 490{\textendash}190 cal. yr BP. These centennial time scale rainfall variations in our records are linked to the intensity of El-Ni{\~n}o Southern Oscillations.},
	keywords = {C/N ratio, Fern spore, La Ni{\~n}a, Okinawa Trough, tropical cyclone},
	issn = {00310182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.11.026},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031018218303444},
	author = {Chen, Jinxia and Li, Tiegang and Nan, Qingyun and Shi, Xuefa and Liu, Yanguang and Jiang, Bo and Zou, Jianjun and Selvaraj, Kandasamy and Li, Dongling and Li, ChuanShun}
}
@article {2708,
	title = {Multiple independent records of local glacier variability on Nuussuaq, West Greenland, during the Holocene},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {215},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-07-2019},
	pages = {253 - 271},
	abstract = {The sensitivity of mountain glaciers to small-scale climate fluctuations makes records of their past extent among the best proxies for identifying spatio-temporal climate variability. Here we build on the few existing Holocene records of local glacier change in Greenland by using three independent geochronological methods{\textemdash}proglacial lake sediment analysis, cosmogenic 10Be surface-exposure dating, and in situ 14C burial modeling{\textemdash}to reconstruct continuous records of Holocene glacier variability on Nuussuaq, West Greenland. 10Be ages of perched boulders indicate eastern Nuussuaq was deglaciated between \~{}11.0 and 10.5 ka. Radiocarbon-dated sediments from two lakes on Nuussuaq contain mineral-rich layers between \~{}9.6 and 9.0 and \~{}8.7{\textendash}8.0 cal ka BP that may be correlative with nearby ice sheet moraines deposited in the early Holocene. Multiple proxies for glacier size indicate frequent, high-amplitude glacier fluctuations superimposed on net glacier growth during the late Holocene, with significant ice expansion phases at \~{}3.7 ka, 2.8 ka, and throughout the past \~{}2 ka. Mean 10Be ages from five nested moraine crests confirm that local glacier extents on Nuussuaq culminated during both the Little Ice Age [\~{}1470 C.E. (n = 3) and 1750 C.E. (n = 3)] and the preceding centuries (\~{}520{\textendash}1320 C.E.; n = 11). Results reveal that local glaciers on Nuussuaq episodically advanced and retreated at centennial timescales throughout the Holocene, most likely in response to regional climate changes in West Greenland superimposed on the progressive insolation-driven cooling trend in the Northern Hemisphere. Our new 10Be moraine chronologies coupled with other glacier-size proxies corroborate an emerging pattern of significant summer cooling and glacier expansion in the centuries prior to the Little Ice Age in the Arctic.},
	keywords = {Cosmogenic 10Be, Cosmogenic in situ 14C, Greenland, Holocene, lake sediment, Mountain glaciers, Neoglaciation},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.05.007},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379118308771},
	author = {Schweinsberg, Avriel D. and Briner, Jason P. and Licciardi, Joseph M. and Bennike, Ole and Lifton, Nathaniel A. and Graham, Brandon L. and Young, Nicol{\'a}s E. and Schaefer, Joerg M. and Zimmerman, Susan H.}
}
@article {2780,
	title = {New AMS Dates for Verteba Cave and Stable Isotope Evidence of Human Diet in The Holocene Forest-Steppe, UkraineABSTRACT},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {61},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-02-2019},
	pages = {141 - 158},
	abstract = {Excavations at several locations in Verteba Cave have uncovered a large amount of human skeletal remains in association with faunal bones and Tripolye material culture. We aim to establish radiocarbon (14C) dates for eight sites and to evaluate whether these deposits are singular events, or slow accumulations over time. 14C measurements, along with stable carbon and nitrogen isotope data from human and faunal remains, were collected from 18 specimens. Stable isotope values were used to evaluate human and animal diet, and whether freshwater reservoir effects offset measured dates. We found diets of the sampled species had limited to no influence from freshwater resources. Human diet appears to be dominated by terrestrial plants and herbivores. Four new sites were identified as Eneolithic. Comparisons of dates from top and bottom strata for two sites (7 and 20) reveal coeval dates, and we suggest that these deposits represent discrete events rather than slow continuous use. Lastly, we identified dates from the Mesolithic (8490{\textpm}45 BP, 8765{\textpm}30 BP), Iron Age (2505{\textpm}20 BP), Slavic state era (1315{\textpm}25 BP), and Medieval Period (585{\textpm}15 BP), demonstrating periodic use of the cave by humans prior to and after the Eneolithic.},
	keywords = {archaeometry, cave burials, Eastern Europe, funerary ritual, Tripolye culture},
	issn = {0033-8222},
	doi = {10.1017/RDC.2018.52},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033822218000528/type/journal_article},
	author = {Ledogar, Sarah H and Karsten, Jordan K and Madden, Gwyn D and Schmidt, Ryan and Sokohatskyi, Mykhailo P and Feranec, Robert S}
}
@article {2701,
	title = {Pacific climate influences on ocean conditions and extreme shell growth events in the Northwestern Atlantic (Gulf of Maine)},
	journal = {Climate Dynamics},
	volume = {52},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-06-2019},
	pages = {6339 - 6356},
	abstract = {The Gulf of Maine is undergoing rapid environmental and ecological changes, yet our spatial and temporal understanding of the climatic and hydrographic variability in this region, including extreme events, is limited and biased to recent decades. In this study, we utilize a highly replicated, multi-century master shell growth chronology derived from the annual increments formed in the shells of the long-lived bivalve Arctica islandica collected in 38 m from the central coastal region in the Gulf of Maine. Our results indicate that shell growth is highly synchronous and inversely related to local seawater temperatures. Using composite analyses of extreme shell growth events from CE 1900 to 2013, we extend our understanding of the factors driving oceanic variability and shell growth in the Northwestern Atlantic back to CE 1761. We suggest that extreme shell growth events are primarily controlled by Gulf of Maine sea surface temperature (SST) and stratification conditions, which in turn appear to be largely influenced by SST patterns in the Pacific Ocean through their influence on mid-latitude atmospheric circulation patterns and the location of the eddy-driven jet. The large-scale jet dynamics during these extreme years manifest as precipitation and moisture transport anomalies and regional SST conditions in the Gulf of Maine that either enhance or inhibit shell growth. Pacific climate variability is thus an important, yet understudied, influence on Gulf of Maine ocean conditions.},
	issn = {0930-7575},
	doi = {10.1007/s00382-018-4513-8},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00382-018-4513-8},
	author = {Wanamaker, Alan D. and Griffin, Shelly M. and Ummenhofer, Caroline C. and Whitney, Nina M. and Black, Bryan and Parfitt, Rhys and Lower-Spies, Erin E. and Introne, Douglas and Kreutz, Karl J.}
}
@article {2641,
	title = {Petrocarbon evolution: Ramped pyrolysis/oxidation and isotopic studies of contaminated oil sediments from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico},
	journal = {PLOS ONE},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Apr-02-2021},
	pages = {e0212433},
	abstract = {Hydrocarbons released during the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill weathered due to exposure to oxygen, light, and microbes. During weathering, the hydrocarbons{\textquoteright} reactivity and lability was altered, but it remained identifiable as "petrocarbon" due to its retention of the distinctive isotope signatures (C-14 and C-13) of petroleum. Relative to the initial estimates of the quantity of oil-residue deposited in Gulf sediments based on 2010-2011 data, the overall coverage and quantity of the fossil carbon on the seafloor has been attenuated. To analyze recovery of oil contaminated deep-sea sediments in the northern Gulf of Mexico we tracked the carbon isotopic composition (C-13 and C-14, radiocarbon) of bulk sedimentary organic carbon through time at 4 sites. Using ramped pyrolysis/oxidation, we determined the thermochemical stability of sediment organic matter at 5 sites, two of these in time series. There were clear differences between crude oil (which decomposed at a lower temperature during ramped oxidation), natural hydrocarbon seep sediment (decomposing at a higher temperature; Delta C-14 = -189 parts per thousand) and our control site (decomposing at a moderate temperature; Delta C-14 = -189 parts per thousand), in both the stability (ability to withstand ramped temperatures in oxic conditions) and carbon isotope signatures. We observed recovery toward our control site bulk Delta C-14 composition at sites further from the wellhead in similar to 4 years, whereas sites in closer proximity had longer recovery times. The thermographs also indicated temporal changes in the composition of contaminated sediment, with shifts towards higher temperature CO2 evolution over time at a site near the wellhead, and loss of higher temperature CO2 peaks at a more distant site.},
	keywords = {C-14 ANALYSES; MARINE SNOW, degradation, fractionation, organic-matter, POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY RESPONSE, radiocarbon, STABLE CARBON, surface sediments},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0212433},
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0212433},
	author = {Rogers, Kelsey L. and Bosman, Samantha H. and Lardie-Gaylord, Mary and McNichol, Ann and Rosenheim, Brad E. and Montoya, Joseph P. and Chanton, Jeffrey P.},
	editor = {Cooper, Lee W.}
}
@article {2680,
	title = {Reconstructing reef fish communities using fish otoliths in coral reef sediments},
	journal = {PLOS ONE},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Feb-06-2020},
	pages = {e0218413},
	abstract = {Little is known about long-term changes in coral reef fish communities. Here we present a new technique that leverages fish otoliths in reef sediments to reconstruct coral reef fish communities. We found over 5,400 otoliths in 169 modern and mid-Holocene bulk samples from Caribbean Panama and Dominican Republic mid-Holocene and modern reefs, demonstrating otoliths are abundant in reef sediments. With a specially-built reference collection, we were able to assign over 4,400 otoliths to one of 56 taxa (35 families) though mostly at genus and family level. Many otoliths were from juvenile fishes for which identification is challenging. Richness (by rarefaction) of otolith assemblages was slightly higher in modern than mid-Holocene reefs, but further analyses are required to elucidate the underlying causes. We compared the living fish communities, sampled using icthyocide, with the sediment otolith assemblages on four reefs finding the otolith assemblages faithfully capture the general composition of the living fish communities. Radiocarbon dating performed directly on the otoliths suggests that relatively little mixing of sediment layers particularly on actively accreting branching coral reefs. All otolith assemblages were strongly dominated by small, fast-turnover fish taxa and juvenile individuals, and our exploration on taxonomy, functional ecology and taphonomy lead us to the conclusion that intense predation is likely the most important process for otolith accumulation in reef sediments. We conclude that otolith assemblages in modern and fossil reef sediments can provide a powerful tool to explore ecological changes in reef fish communities over time and space.},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0218413},
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0218413},
	author = {Lin, Chien-Hsiang and De Gracia, Brigida and Pierotti, Michele E. R. and Andrews, Allen H. and Griswold, Katie and O{\textquoteright}Dea, Aaron},
	editor = {Zapalski, Miko{\l}aj K.}
}
@article {2728,
	title = {Sea-level, monsoonal, and anthropogenic impacts on the millennial-scale variability of siliciclastic sediment input into the western Philippine sea since 27 ka},
	journal = {Journal of Asian Earth Sciences},
	volume = {177},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-06-2019},
	pages = {250 - 262},
	abstract = {Multiproxy records from Core MD06-3054 in the western Philippine Sea and published results from the nearby Core MD06-3052, which are both located at the northern margin of the Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP), provide precise reconstructions and evidence for the potential controls on continental erosion and weathering intensities in Luzon. These data also constrain sediment source-to-sink processes in the sea since 27 ka at the millennial scale. We demonstrate that the siliciclastic fraction is derived from Luzon volcanic rocks and eolian dust from mainland Asia. Stronger physical erosion and chemical weathering generally occurred during the last glaciation, Heinrich Event 1, the Younger Dryas, and the period from 10.3 to 11.3 ka. In contrast, the B{\o}lling-Aller{\o}d was characterized by weaker physical erosion and chemical weathering. During the last glaciation, Heinrich Event 1, and the Younger Dryas, the lower sea level led to enhanced erosion and weathering of the exposed shelf sediments. In contrast, the weaker physical erosion and chemical weathering that occurred during the B{\o}lling-Aller{\o}d and the Holocene, except after 2.1 ka, are closely correlated with the higher sea level. The stronger physical erosion and chemical weathering at 10.3{\textendash}11.3 ka may be derived from the reworking of older sediments during the time of a strengthening summer monsoon. Furthermore, enhanced human activity since 2.1 ka has become the dominant control on erosion in Luzon. Rapid weathering changes in the WPWP during the last deglaciation highlight the high variability in local controls at low latitudes during these periods and the potential influence of controls at high latitudes.},
	issn = {13679120},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jseaes.2019.04.001},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1367912019301506},
	author = {Xu, Zhaokai and Li, Tiegang and Clift, Peter D. and Wan, Shiming and Lim, Dhongil and Chang, Fengming and Sun, Rongtao}
}
@article {2910,
	title = {Sedimentary Data from Grand Bay, Alabama/Mississippi, 2014{\textendash}2016},
	year = {2019},
	publisher = {U.S. Geological Survey},
	abstract = {This data release is an archive of sedimentary field and laboratory analytical data collected in Grand Bay, Alabama/Mississippi from 2014-2016 by scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (USGS SPCMSC). This work, a component of the SPCMSC{\textquoteright}s Sea-level and Storm Impacts on Estuarine Environments and Shorelines (SSIEES) project, provides the necessary data to quantify sedimentation rates and sediment sources for the marsh and estuary. The SSIEES project objective is to evaluate the exchange of sediment material between the marsh and estuary due to extreme storms and sea-level rise. Micropaleontological data from select cores and surface samples are available in Haller and others (2018, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7MC8X5F, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7445KSG). Single-beam bathymetry of Grand Bay proper and multi-beam bathymetry of several marsh-edge eroding shorelines are reported in Dewitt and others (2017, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1070) and Stalk and others (2018, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7MC8Z9N), respectively. Subbottom and sidescan sonar data for Grand Bay proper are reported in Locker and others (2018, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9374DKQ).

This publication includes data for the sediment cores and surface sediments taken in Grand Bay marsh and estuary during five sampling periods of this study, which were designated as USGS Field Activity Numbers (FAN) 2014-323-FA (project ID 14CCT01), 2015-315-FA (project ID 15CCT02), 2016-331-FA (project ID 16CCT03), 2016-348-FA (project ID 16CCT04), and 2016-358-FA (project ID 16CCT07). Data products include: GPS-derived site locations and elevations; core photographs, logs, and x-radiographs; lithologic, radiochemical, elemental composition, stable isotopic composition, and radiocarbon data; and Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) metadata.

Note: This data release was versioned on April 28, 2020. Please see the Suggested Citation section for details.},
	doi = {10.5066/P9FO8R3Y},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FO8R3Y},
	author = {Marot, Marci and Smith, Christopher G. and McCloskey, Terrence A. and Locker, Stanley D.}
}
@article {2665,
	title = {Selective Preservation of Coccolith Calcite in Ontong-Java Plateau Sediments},
	journal = {Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology},
	volume = {34},
	year = {2019},
	month = {May-12-2021},
	pages = {2141 - 2157},
	keywords = {BIOMINERALIZATION, caco3 dissolution, CEARA RISE, dissolution kinetics, IN-SITU MEASUREMENTS; DEEP-SEA CARBONATES; PLANKTONIC-FORAMINIFERA; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC, surface sediments, WATER INTERFACE},
	issn = {2572-4517},
	doi = {10.1029/2019PA003731},
	url = {https://apps.webofknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&Func=Frame\&DestFail=http\%3A\%2F\%2Fwww.webofknowledge.com\&SrcApp=search\&SrcAuth=Alerting\&SID=8DpsdyQUduuojUwg61F\&customersID=Alerting\&mode=FullRecord\&IsProductCode=Yes\&AlertId=ab9062f8-b111-4f95-},
	author = {Subhas, Adam V. and McCorkle, Daniel C. and Quizon, Alex and McNichol, Ann P. and Long, Matthew H.}
}
@article {2757,
	title = {Significance of Perylene for Source Allocation of Terrigenous Organic Matter in Aquatic SedimentsSignificance of Perylene for Source Allocation of Terrigenous Organic Matter in Aquatic Sediments},
	journal = {Environmental Science \& Technology},
	volume = {53},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Apr-07-2020},
	pages = {8244 - 8251},
	abstract = {Perylene is a frequently abundant, and sometimes the only polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in aquatic sediments, but its origin has been subject of a longstanding debate in geochemical research and pollutant forensics because its historical record differs markedly from typical anthropogenic PAHs. Here we investigate whether perylene serves as a source-specific molecular marker of fungal activity in forest soils. We use a well-characterized sedimentary record (1735-1999) from the anoxic-bottom waters of the Pettaquamscutt River basin, RI to examine mass accumulation rates and isotope records of perylene, and compare them with total organic carbon and the anthropogenic PAH fluoranthene. We support our arguments with radiocarbon (14C) data of higher plant leaf-wax n-alkanoic acids. Isotope-mass balance-calculations of perylene and n-alkanoic acids indicate that \~{}40\% of sedimentary organic matter is of terrestrial origin. Further, both terrestrial markers are pre-aged on millennial time-scales prior to burial in sediments and are insensitive to elevated 14C concentrations following nuclear weapons testing in the mid-20th Century. Instead, changes coincide with enhanced erosional flux during urban sprawl. These findings suggest that perylene is definitely a product of soil-derived fungi, and a powerful chemical tracer to study the spatial and temporal connectivity between terrestrial and aquatic environments. },
	issn = {0013-936X},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.est.9b0234410.1021/acs.est.9b02344.s001},
	url = {https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.9b02344},
	author = {Hanke, Ulrich M. and Lima-Braun, Ana L. and Eglinton, Timothy I. and Donnelly, Jeffrey P. and Galy, Valier and Poussart, Pascale and Hughen, Konrad and McNichol, Ann P. and Xu, Li and Reddy, Christopher M.}
}
@article {2640,
	title = {Sinking particle flux and composition at three sites of different annual sea ice cover in the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica},
	journal = {Journal of Marine Systems},
	volume = {192},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-04-2019},
	pages = {42 - 50},
	abstract = {This study examines the sinking particle flux and composition of samples collected at three sites in the western Amundsen Sea, Antarctica: a perennial sea-ice-covered area, the central region of the Amundsen Sea polynya, and close to the Dotson Ice Shelf within the polynya. Time series sediment traps were deployed for one year at depths of 400-500 m from February and March 2012. Observations from the three sites confirm previously reported findings that the majority of annual POC (particulate organic carbon) flux in the Amundsen Sea occurs during the austral summer, with much smaller POC fluxes during other seasons. In the perennial ice-covered area, sea ice diatoms were the dominant source of sinking particles. In this region, the summertime POC flux is similar to that in the central polynya. However, the POC flux exhibited large interannual variability, with the reduction in sea ice cover and sufficient insolation being critical to enhanced sinking POC flux. Within the Amundsen Sea polynya, the sinking POC flux was higher in the central region than near the Dotson Ice Shelf, consistent with spatial variability in primary production. The site near the Dotson Ice Shelf had the lowest contribution of diatoms to sinking particles and the smallest POC flux among the three sites.},
	keywords = {Amundsen sea, Biological pump, particulate organic carbon, Perennial ice-covered area, Polynya},
	issn = {09247963},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jmarsys.2019.01.002},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092479631830304X},
	author = {Kim, Minkyoung and Yang, Eun J. and Kim, Dongseon and Jeong, Jin-Hyun and Kim, Hyung J. and Park, Jisoo and Jung, Jinyoung and Ducklow, Hugh W. and Lee, SangHoon and Hwang, Jeomshik}
}
@article { ISI:000482379400088,
	title = {Sources and sink of black carbon in Arctic Ocean sediments},
	journal = {SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT},
	volume = {689},
	year = {2019},
	month = {NOV 1},
	pages = {912-920},
	abstract = {The concentrations and carbon isotopic (C-13, C-14) compositions of total organic carbon (TOC) and black carbon (BC) were measured for four sediment cores collected from the shelf to slope in the Arctic Ocean. Contents of TOC and BC ranged from 0.46\% to 1.94\% and 0.04\% to 0.13\% by dry weight, and BC accounted for 3.5\% to 15.2\% of the TOC preserved in the shelf and slope sediments. Sediment of the Chukchi shelf contained relatively high BC contents compared with the sediments of the Arctic slope, suggesting strong influence from the river and terrestrial inputs to the shelf region. Radiocarbon measurements revealed that the ages of BC are in the range of 7330 to 29,700 years (before present) and they are 4093 to 7723 years older than the C-14 ages of TOC preserved in the same sediment depths. Based on an isotopic mass balance model, we calculated that fossil fuel combustion contributed 62-96\%, and biomass burning contributed 4-38\% of the BC pool in the sediments of the study area. This {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}slow-cycling{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright} old BC is an important fraction of the inert organic carbon pool preserved in the sediments, and represents a significant sink of atmospheric CO2 and global carbon cycle. With the thawing permafrost caused by continuous global warming, the size of this BC pool mobilized and exported by rivers to the Arctic Ocean could increase in the future. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0048-9697},
	doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.437},
	author = {Ren, Peng and Liu, Yanguang and Shi, Xuefa and Sun, Shuwen and Fan, Di and Wang, Xuchen}
}
@article {2839,
	title = {Springwater provenance and flowpath evaluation in Blue Lake, Bonneville basin, Utah},
	journal = {Chemical Geology},
	volume = {529},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-12-2019},
	pages = {119280},
	abstract = {Water in Utah and Nevada is important for agriculture, municipal use, solute transport, and ecosystem preservation. Large spring wetland systems occur on the playa margin of the Bonneville basin, including Blue Lake, 15 km south of the Bonneville Salt Flats on the Utah-Nevada state border. Large spring systems have historically been studied as water budgets don{\textquoteright}t apparently balance from direct mountain front recharge (Nelson and Mayo, 2014; Gardner and Heilweil, 2014; and others). Blue Lake is no exception; prior studies here have suggested discharge rates 0.04 - 0.05 km3/yr (Louderback and Rhode, 2009), greater than expected for modelled recharge in the surrounding mountain range (0.03 km3/yr). Three hypothesized recharge mechanisms for Blue Lake are tested: mountain-front recharge, interbasinal groundwater flow, and infiltration from historic Lake Bonneville. Remote sensing suggests that a conservative estimate of Blue Lake discharge constitutes 50-64\% of modelled mountain-front recharge (Flint et al., 2011). Major ions, δ18O, δ2H, dissolved gases (14C, 3He, 4He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe) and trace elements (Sr and 87Sr/86Sr isotopes) comprehensively constrain recharge conditions, water-rock interactions, flowpaths, and groundwater provenance of this large spring system. 14C signatures suggest that Blue Lake discharge has a transit time between 5,600 and 12,200 years, older than that of Fish Springs. Noble gas concentrations in Blue Lake water suggest an elevated recharge temperature greater than 19{\textdegree}C and low salinity, indicating a deep water table and high geothermal gradient in the recharge area. 87Sr/86Sr ratios of playa-margin springs are elevated from that of mid-playa groundwaters, springwaters from the adjacent mountain range, and alluvial fill groundwater from the valley directly south of Blue Lake. Playa-margin spring Sr isotope values (0.713-0.714) are most similar to direct runoff from the Deep Creek Range granodiorite outcrop (>0.713). Interbasinal groundwater flow in combination with mountain-front recharge is best supported by chemical data rather than mountain-front recharge alone or the slow discharge of regional aquifers recharged by lacustrine infiltration from Lake Bonneville.},
	keywords = {Bonneville basin, Geochemistry, groundwater, Isotope chemistry},
	issn = {00092541},
	doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.119280},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0009254119303870},
	author = {Lerback, Jory Chapin and Hynek, Scott A. and Bowen, Brenda B. and Bradbury, Christopher D. and Solomon, D. Kip and Fernandez, Diego P.}
}
@article {2864,
	title = {Active Ooid Growth Driven By Sediment Transport in a High-Energy Shoal, Little Ambergris Cay, Turks and Caicos Islands},
	journal = {Journal of Sedimentary Research},
	volume = {88},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jun-09-2020},
	pages = {1132 - 1151},
	abstract = {Ooids are a common component of carbonate successions of all ages and present significant potential as paleoenvironmental proxies, if the mechanisms that control their formation and growth can be understood quantitatively. There are a number of hypotheses about the controls on ooid growth, each offering different ideas on where and how ooids accrete and what role, if any, sediment transport and abrasion might play. These hypotheses have not been well tested in the field, largely due to the inherent challenges of tracking individual grains over long timescales. This study presents a detailed field test of ooid-growth hypotheses on Little Ambergris Cay in the Turks and Caicos Islands, British Overseas Territories. This field site is characterized by westward net sediment transport from waves driven by persistent easterly trade winds. This configuration makes it possible to track changes in ooid properties along their transport path as a proxy for changes in time. Ooid size, shape, and radiocarbon age were compared along this path to determine in which environments ooids are growing or abrading. Ooid surface textures, petrographic fabrics, stable-isotope compositions (δ13C, δ18O, and δ34S), lipid geochemistry, and genetic data were compared to characterize mechanisms of precipitation and degradation and to determine the relative contributions of abiotic (e.g., abiotic precipitation, physical abrasion) and biologically influenced processes (e.g., biologically mediated precipitation, fabric destruction through microbial microboring and micritization) to grain size and character. A convergence of evidence shows that active ooid growth occurs along the transport path in a high-energy shoal environment characterized by frequent suspended-load transport: median ooid size increases by more than 100 μm and bulk radiocarbon ages decrease by 360 yr westward along the \~{} 20 km length of the shoal crest. Lipid and 16S rRNA data highlight a spatial disconnect between the environments with the most extensive biofilm colonization and environments with active ooid growth. Stable-isotope compositions are indistinguishable among samples, and are consistent with abiotic precipitation of aragonite from seawater. Westward increases in ooid sphericity and the abundance of well-polished ooids illustrate that ooids experience subequal amounts of growth and abrasion{\textemdash}in favor of net growth{\textemdash}as they are transported along the shoal crest. Overall, these results demonstrate that, in the Ambergris system, the mechanism of ooid growth is dominantly abiotic and the loci of ooid growth is determined by both carbonate saturation and sediment transport mode. Microbes play a largely destructive, rather than constructive, role in ooid size and fabric.},
	issn = {1527-1404},
	doi = {10.2110/jsr.2018.59},
	url = {https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/sepm/jsedres/article/88/9/1132/559083/Active-Ooid-Growth-Driven-By-Sediment-Transport-in},
	author = {Trower, Elizabeth J. and Cantine, Marjorie D. and Gomes, Maya L. and Grotzinger, John P. and Knoll, Andrew H. and Lamb, Michael P. and Lingappa, Usha and O{\textquoteright}Reilly, Shane S. and Present, Theodore M. and Stein, Nathan and Strauss, Justin V. and Fischer, Woodward W.}
}
@article {2607,
	title = {On the Age and Origin of Lake Ejagham, Cameroon, and Its Endemic FishesAbstract},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {895716332765461461671825961727356647223},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-01-2018},
	pages = {21 - 32},
	abstract = {Lake Ejagham is a small, shallow lake in Cameroon, West Africa, which supports five endemic species of cichlid fishes in two distinct lineages. Genetic evidence suggests a relatively young age for the species flocks, but supporting geologic evidence has thus far been unavailable. Here we present diatom, geochemical, mineralogical, and radiocarbon data from two sediment cores that provide new insights into the age and origin of Lake Ejagham and its endemic fishes. Radiocarbon ages at the base of the longer core indicate that the lake formed approximately 9 ka ago, and the diatom record of the shorter core suggests that hydroclimate variability during the last 3 millennia was similar to that of other lakes in Cameroon and Ghana. These findings establish a maximum age of ca. 9 cal ka BP for the lake and its endemic species and suggest that repeated cichlid speciation in two distinct lineages occurred rapidly within the lake. Local geology and West African paleoclimate records argue against a volcanic, chemical, or climatic origin for Lake Ejagham. Although not conclusive, the morphometry of the lake and possible signs of impact-induced effects on quartz grains are instead more suggestive of a bolide impact.},
	keywords = {Africa, cameroon, Cichlid, Diatom, evolution, Lake Ejagham, Speciation, West African monsoon},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1017/qua.2017.37},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033589417000370/type/journal_articlehttps://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0033589417000370},
	author = {Curt Stager, Jay and Alton, Kenneth and Martin, Christopher H. and King, David T. and Petruny, Lucille W. and Wiltse, Brendan and Livingstone, Daniel A.}
}
@article {2696,
	title = {Aging and Molecular Changes of Dissolved Organic Matter Between Two Deep Oceanic End-Members},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-10-2018},
	pages = {1449 - 1456},
	abstract = {The global ocean contains a massive reservoir of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), rivaling the atmosphere{\textquoteright}s pool of CO2. The most recalcitrant fractions have mean radiocarbon ages of ~4,000 years in the Atlantic to ~6,000 years in the Pacific. Knowing the radiocarbon signatures of DOC and the molecular composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) is crucial to develop understanding of the persistence and lifetime of the DOC pool. In this research, we collected samples from the deep North Pacific in August 2013 (aboard the RV Melville) to couple the Δ14C content of solid-phase-extracted DOM (Δ14C-SPE-DOM) with its molecular composition in the ocean{\textquoteright}s oldest deep waters. We find that deep waters in this region held a mean Δ14C-SPE-DOM value of -554 {\textpm} 9{\textperthousand} (~6,400 14C years), substantially more depleted than that in the deep Atlantic, which held a mean Δ14C-SPE-DOM value of -445 {\textpm} 5{\textperthousand}. While we find a more degraded molecular composition of DOM in the deep Pacific than the deep Atlantic, the molecular formulae within the Island of Stability (Lechtenfeld et al., 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.11.009), are largely retained. These results imply that a fraction of deep DOM is resistant to removal and present in both the deep Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.},
	doi = {10.1029/2017GB005854},
	url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2017GB005854},
	author = {Bercovici, S. K. and Koch, B. P. and Lechtenfeld, O. J. and McCallister, S. L. and Schmitt-Kopplin, P. and Hansell, D. A.}
}
@article {2629,
	title = {Ancient water wells reveal a prolonged drought in the lower Yellow River area about 2800 years ago},
	journal = {Science Bulletin},
	volume = {63},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-10-2018},
	pages = {1324 - 1327},
	abstract = {Given that the Holocene is the most recent interglacial period that has spurred the development of modern societies, scrutinizing climate changes during this period may provide a knowledge base for better understanding the rise and fall of ancient civilizations. However, our knowledge about the mechanism of millennial-scale climate variability particularly in the absence of major continental ice sheets during the second half of the Holocene remains highly uncertain. Although cold spells manifested as the Bond events have been widely reported in the North Atlantic sector during the mid-to-late Holocene, it is not clear whether or not there is a global expression of these events. Therefore, well-tuned far-field proxy records are indispensable to pinpoint the geographical extent of these climate events. Here we show evidence from ancient water wells in North China for a prolonged drought corresponding to a period of pervasive cooling in the North Atlantic region lasting from about 800 to 550 before the Common Era (BCE). Inferred climatic conditions using a conceptual hydrological model, in line with other proxy records, support the hypothesis of the Sun-climate link probably through the complex ocean-atmospheric interactions in the tropical oceans. Our finding suggests that water well construction represented a major technical invention in human history, which greatly improved the resilience against the depletion of surface water at times when arid climate prevailed. The linked climatic and societal changes demonstrated here can serve as a historical analogue for the socio-economic response to potentially large climate changes in the future.},
	issn = {20959273},
	doi = {10.1016/j.scib.2018.09.017},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2095927318304651https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S2095927318304651?httpAccept=text/xmlhttps://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S2095927318304651?httpAccept=text/plain},
	author = {Yu, Shiyong and Chen, Xuexiang and Liu, Xiuling and Fang, Zhen and Guo, Junfeng and Zhan, Senyang and Fang, Hui and Chen, Fahu}
}
@article {2730,
	title = {Bathyal records of enhanced silicate erosion and weathering on the exposed Luzon shelf during glacial lowstands and their significance for atmospheric CO2 sink},
	journal = {Chemical Geology},
	volume = {476},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-01-2018},
	pages = {302 - 315},
	abstract = {We present a new high-resolution multiproxy data set of mass accumulation rates, Sr-Nd isotopes, as well as major and trace elements for the siliciclastic sediment fraction from International Marine Global Change Study Core MD06-3052, located on the continental slope of the western Philippine Sea. We integrate our new data with published grain sizes and sea surface temperatures from the same core, as well as with Equatorial Pacific sea level, and East Asian summer monsoon precipitation, in order to constrain at high-resolution changes in physical erosion and chemical weathering intensities on Luzon, and sediment source-to-sink processes. We assess the potential significance of chemical weathering of arc silicates in regulating global atmospheric CO2 since 156 kyr BP. Sr-Nd isotopes show that the siliciclastic sediments were dominantly sourced from volcanic rocks exposed on Luzon (~ 68{\textendash}100\%), with a lesser contribution from Asian dust (~ 0{\textendash}32\%). Different indices indicate that stronger physical erosion and chemical weathering occurred during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6 (130{\textendash}156 kyr BP), as well as in the latter stage of MIS 3 and MIS 2 (14{\textendash}40 kyr BP). The large sea-level lowstands and associated significant exposure of continental shelf in the western Philippine Sea during these two cold periods should favor physical erosion and chemical weathering of unconsolidated sediments on the exposed shelf. Furthermore, we notice the relatively good coherence between chemical weathering intensities on Luzon and global atmospheric CO2 concentrations over these cold intervals. We suggest that strengthening of chemical weathering of silicates on Luzon and other tropical arcs (within 20{\textdegree} of the Equator) during the Quaternary glacial sea-level lowstands may significantly contribute to the lowering of atmospheric CO2 concentrations during ice ages. We estimate that a significant fraction, up to ~ 16\% (i.e., ~ 8 ppmv), of all atmospheric CO2 ultimately sequestered by silicate weathering may be processed through an area corresponding to only ~ 1\% of the exorheic drainage area worldwide.},
	keywords = {Atmospheric CO2 concentration, Chemical weathering, East Asian summer monsoon, sea level, Western Philippine Sea},
	issn = {00092541},
	doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.11.027},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009254117306587},
	author = {Xu, Zhaokai and Li, Tiegang and Clift, Peter D. and Wan, Shiming and Qiu, Xiaohua and Lim, Dhongil}
}
@article {2888,
	title = {Decreased sedimentation efficiency of petro- and non-petro-carbon caused by a dispersant for Macondo surrogate oil in a mesocosm simulating a coastal microbial community},
	journal = {Marine Chemistry},
	volume = {206},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-10-2018},
	pages = {34 - 43},
	abstract = {Large amounts of mucous-rich oil-containing marine snow formed in surface waters adjacent to the Deepwater Horizon spill. This marine oil snow (MOS) was implicated in oil delivery to the seafloor. Whether the use of chemical dispersants increased or decreased MOS sedimentation remains controversial. We conducted mesocosm experiments testing the effects of oil and oil plus a dispersant on MOS formation and sedimentation, in coastal seawater. The four treatments used were a surrogate Macondo oil water accommodated fraction ({\textquotedblleft}WAF{\textquotedblright}), two concentrations of chemically-enhanced WAF ({\textquotedblleft}CEWAF{\textquotedblright} and diluted CEWAF, {\textquotedblleft}DCEWAF{\textquotedblright}) containing a dispersant and oil, and Controls (no additions). Based on radiocarbon and 13C NMR results, the presence of dispersants enhanced the amounts of petro-carbon being incorporated into the sinking oil-carrying aggregates (aka MOS). However, most of the chemically-dispersed oil preferentially partitioned into the colloidal and suspended particulate fractions rather than into the rapidly forming MOS. Thus the oil and non-petro-carbon sedimentation efficiency in treatments with a dispersant was much lower, compared to those in the Control and WAF treatments, during the four-day mesocosm experiment. Formation of MOS and its subsequent sinking sequestered the oil in two stages: first via terrestrial-derived detritus containing humic compounds, and subsequently via freshly produced material, such as exopolymeric substances produced by phytoplankton and bacteria.},
	issn = {03044203},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marchem.2018.09.002},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304420318301415},
	author = {Xu, Chen and Zhang, Saijin and Beaver, Morgan and Wozniak, Andrew and Obeid, Wassim and Lin, Youmin and Wade, Terry L. and Schwehr, Kathleen A. and Lin, Peng and Sun, Luni and Hatcher, Patrick G. and Chin, Wei-Chun and Chiu, Meng-Hsuen and Knap, Anthony H. and Dean, Kendra and Quigg, Antonietta and Santschi, Peter H.}
}
@article {2886,
	title = {The demise of the largest and oldest African baobabs},
	journal = {Nature Plants},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-07-2018},
	pages = {423 - 426},
	abstract = {The African baobab is the biggest and longest-living angiosperm tree. By using radiocarbon dating we identified the stable architectures that enable baobabs to reach large sizes and great ages. We report that 9 of the 13 oldest and 5 of the 6 largest individuals have died, or at least their oldest parts/stems have collapsed and died, over the past 12 years; the cause of the mortalities is still unclear.},
	doi = {10.1038/s41477-018-0170-5},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-018-0170-5},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Woodborne, Stephan and Patrut, Roxana T. and Rakosy, Laszlo and Lowy, Daniel A. and Hall, Grant and von Reden, Karl F.}
}
@article {2789,
	title = {The effect of sample drying temperature on marine particulate organic carbon composition},
	journal = {Limnology and Oceanography: Methods},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-05-2018},
	pages = {286 - 298},
	abstract = {Compositional changes in marine particulate organic carbon (POC) throughout the water column trace important processes that underlie the biological pump{\textquoteright}s efficiency. While labor-intensive, particle sampling efforts offer potential to expand the empirical POC archive at different stages in the water column, provided that organic composition is sufficiently preserved between sampling and analysis. The standard procedure for preserving organic matter composition in marine samples is to immediately store particles at -80{\textdegree}C to -20{\textdegree}C until they can be freeze-dried for analysis. This report investigates the effect of warmer drying and storage temperatures on POC composition, which applies to the majority of POC samples collected in the field without intention for organic analysis. Particle samples collected off Woods Hole, Massachusetts were immediately dried at 56{\textdegree}C, at room temperature, or stored in a freezer until freeze-drying. Results show that oven- and air-drying did not shift the bulk composition (i.e., carbon and nitrogen content and stable isotope composition) of POC in the samples relative to freeze-drying. Similarly, warmer drying temperatures did not affect POC thermal stability, as inferred by ramped pyrolysis/oxidation, a growing technique that uses a continuous temperature ramp to differentiate components of organic carbon by their decomposition temperature. Oven- and air-drying did depress lipid abundances relative to freeze-drying, the extent of which depended on compound size and structure. The data suggest that field samples dried at room temperatures and 56{\textdegree}C are appropriate for assessing bulk POC composition and thermal stability, but physical mechanisms such as molecular volatilization bias their lipid composition.},
	doi = {10.1002/lom3.v16.510.1002/lom3.10245},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324893072_The_effect_of_sample_drying_temperature_on_marine_particulate_organic_carbon_composition},
	author = {Rosengard, Sarah Z. and Lam, Phoebe J. and McNichol, Ann P. and Johnson, Carl G. and Galy, Valier V.}
}
@article {2843,
	title = {The Effects of Tropical Cyclone-Generated Deposition on the Sustainability of the Pearl River Marsh, Louisiana: The Importance of the Geologic FrameworkPresentation_1.PPTX},
	journal = {Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Aug-11-2019},
	abstract = {Shoreline retreat is a tremendously important issue along the coast of the northern Gulf of Mexico, especially in Louisiana. Although this marine transgression results from a variety of causes, the crucial factor is the difference between marsh surface elevation and rising sea levels. In most cases, the primary cause of a marsh{\textquoteright}s inability to keep up with sea level is the lack of input of inorganic material. Although tropical cyclones provide an important source of such sediment, little effort has been made to determine the point of origin of the deposited material. In this study we use sedimentary, geochemical and biogeochemical data to identify the bed of the Pearl River and/or Lake Borgne as the source of a ~5 cm thick clastic layer deposited on the surface of the Pearl River marsh on the Louisiana/Mississippi border. Radiochemical chronologies and sedimentary evidence indicate that this layer was associated with the passage of Hurricane Katrina in 2005. As this material would otherwise have been lost to the system, this deposition indicates a net gain to marsh surface elevation. Accretion rates, determined from 137Cs and 14C profiles and the use of the Katrina layer as a stratigraphic marker, indicate that short-term (~50 years) rates are as much as an order of magnitude higher than the long- term (1000s of years) rates. We suggest that the marsh{\textquoteright}s geologic setting in an incised river valley with steep vertical constraints and a large fluvial discharge, promotes rapid accretion rates, with rates accelerating as the sea moves inland, due to extended hydroperiods and the input of clastic material from both the marine and terrestrial sides. These rates are especially large when compared to accretion occurring in the more common open marshes fringing the Gulf that lack fluvial input. The difference is particularly large when related to marsh recovery/regrowth following the deposition of thick hurricane-generated clastic layers. Given the number of similar incised river valleys along the Gulf Coast, we believe that understanding the processes controlling marsh accretion in such environments is essential in evaluating marsh sustainability on a regional basis.},
	doi = {10.3389/fevo.2018.00179},
	url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fevo.2018.00179/full},
	author = {McCloskey, Terrence A. and Smith, Christopher G. and Liu, Kam-biu and Nelson, Paul R.}
}
@article {2841,
	title = {Fossil Fuel Combustion Emission From South Asia Influences Precipitation Dissolved Organic Carbon Reaching the Remote Tibetan Plateau: Isotopic and Molecular Evidence},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres},
	volume = {123},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Apr-06-2019},
	pages = {6248 - 6258},
	abstract = {The dissolved organic carbon in precipitation (water-soluble organic carbon, WSOC) can provide a carbon subsidy to receiving ecosystems. The concentrations, isotopic signatures (δ13C/Δ14C), and molecular signatures (transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry) of WSOC being delivered to Nam Co{\textemdash}a remote site on the inland Tibetan Plateau (TP){\textemdash}were compared to those of WSOC in the snowpack, and in wet deposition from urban cities fringing the TP. The average WSOC concentration at Nam Co (1.0 {\textpm} 0.9 mg C L-1) was lower than for the large cities (1.6 to 2.3 mg C L-1) but higher than in the snowpack samples (0.26 {\textpm} 0.09 mg C L-1). Based upon radiocarbon data, it is estimated that 15 {\textpm} 6\% of Nam Co WSOC was fossil derived, increasing to 20 {\textpm} 8\% for snowpack WSOC, 29 {\textpm} 4\% for Lhasa WSOC, and 34 {\textpm} 8\% for the three cities. Transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry results revealed that the abundance of dissolved black carbon and sulfur-containing molecules of WSOC increased in the order Nam Co < snow pack < urban. The enrichment in 14C and depletion in dissolved black carbon and sulfurous organic molecules of Nam Co WSOC was suggestive of low, but still detectable inputs of fossil-derived organics to WSOC on the remote TP. Backward air mass trajectories for the precipitation events at Nam Co suggested that the fossil fuel contributions to WSOC in Nam Co region originated mainly from South Asia. This study provides novel radiocarbon age, chemistry, and source evidence that anthropogenic WSOC is delivered to the remote TP, one of the most remote regions on Earth.},
	doi = {10.1029/2017JD028181},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1029/2017JD028181},
	author = {Li, Chaoliu and Chen, Pengfei and Kang, Shichang and Yan, Fangping and Tripathee, Lekhendra and Wu, Guangjian and Qu, Bin and Sillanp{\"a}{\"a}, Mika and Yang, Di and Dittmar, Thorsten and Stubbins, Aron and Raymond, Peter A.}
}
@article {2891,
	title = {Fossil Fuel-Derived Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Taiwan Strait, China, and Fluxes across the Air{\textendash}Water InterfaceFossil Fuel-Derived Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Taiwan Strait, China, and Fluxes across the AirWater Interface},
	journal = {Environmental Science \& Technology},
	volume = {52},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Mar-07-2018},
	pages = {7307 - 7316},
	abstract = {On the basis of the application of compound-specific radiocarbon analysis (CSRA) and air{\textendash}water exchange models, the contributions of fossil fuel and biomass burning derived polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as well as their air{\textendash}water transport were elucidated. The results showed that fossil fuel-derived PAHs (an average contribution of 89\%) presented the net volatilization process at the air{\textendash}water interface of the Taiwan Strait in summer. Net volatile fluxes of the dominant fluorene and phenanthrene (>58\% of the total PAHs) were 27 {\textpm} 2.8 μg m{\textendash}2 day{\textendash}1, significantly higher than the dry deposition fluxes (average 0.43 μg m{\textendash}2 day{\textendash}1). The Δ14C contents of selected PAHs (fluorene, phenanthrene plus anthracene, fluoranthene, and pyrene) determined by CSRA in the dissolved seawater ranged from -997 {\textpm} 4{\textperthousand} to -873 {\textpm} 6{\textperthousand}, indicating that 89{\textendash}100\% (95 {\textpm} 4\%) of PAHs were supplied by fossil fuels. The South China Sea warm current originating from the southwest China in summer (98\%) and the Min-Zhe coastal current originating from the north China in winter (97\%) input more fossil fuel PAHs than the Jiulong River estuary (90\%) and Xiamen harbor water (93\%). The more radioactive decayed 14C of fluoranthene (a 4-ring PAH) than that of phenanthrene and anthracene (3-ring PAHs) represented a greater fossil fuel contribution to the former in dissolved seawater.},
	issn = {0013-936X},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.est.8b01331},
	url = {https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.8b01331},
	author = {Ya, Miaolei and Xu, Li and Wu, Yuling and Li, Yongyu and Zhao, Songhe and Wang, Xinhong}
}
@article {2709,
	title = {Holocene mountain glacier history in the Sukkertoppen Iskappe area, southwest Greenland},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {197},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-10-2018},
	pages = {142 - 161},
	abstract = {Mountain glaciers and ice caps (GIC) independent of the Greenland Ice Sheet respond rapidly to climate variations and records of their past extent provide information on the natural envelope of climate variability. Here, we use a multi-proxy approach that combines proglacial lake sediment analysis, cosmogenic nuclide surface-exposure dating (in situ 10Be and 14C), and radiocarbon dating of recently ice-entombed moss to generate a centennial-scale record of Holocene GIC fluctuations in southwestern Greenland. Following local deglaciation \~{}10-9 ka, sediments from proglacial Crash Lake record a glacier advance at \~{}9 ka that is indistinguishable from nearby ice sheet moraines, implying a synchronous response of GIC and the Greenland Ice Sheet to a centennial-scale climate event. Following this local glacier advance, GIC experienced net recession until \~{}4.6 ka. Radiocarbon ages of in situ moss (n = 29) and Crash Lake sediments reveal intervals of glacier expansion at \~{}1.8, 1.2 and 0.7 ka that are superimposed on an overall trend of net glacier expansion throughout the late Holocene. In situ 14C concentrations from bedrock adjacent to radiocarbon-dated moss samples further constrain the duration of ice cover through the Holocene in this region. We find that our glacier-size proxy records during the past \~{}4 ka are broadly consistent with relatively lower temperatures recorded in GISP2 and occur during, or following, intervals of volcanic perturbations. Thus, we speculate that volcanic activity, although less frequent and intense than in the early Holocene and during the Little Ice Age, may have led to centennial-scale variability imprinted on net glacier expansion due to decreasing summer insolation through the late Holocene.},
	keywords = {Cosmogenic in situ 14C, Glacier fluctuations, Greenland, Holocene, lake sediment, Neoglaciation},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.06.014},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379118302531},
	author = {Schweinsberg, Avriel D. and Briner, Jason P. and Miller, Gifford H. and Lifton, Nathaniel A. and Bennike, Ole and Graham, Brandon L.}
}
@article {2804,
	title = {How Could a Freshwater Swamp Produce a Chemical Signature Characteristic of a Saltmarsh?How Could a Freshwater Swamp Produce a Chemical Signature Characteristic of a Saltmarsh?},
	journal = {ACS Earth and Space Chemistry},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jun-01-2019},
	pages = {9 - 20},
	abstract = {Reduction{\textendash}oxidation (redox) reaction conditions, which are of great importance for the soil chemistry of coastal marshes, can be temporally dynamic. We present a transect of cores from northwest Florida wherein radical postdepositional changes in the redox regime has created atypical geochemical profiles at the bottom of the sedimentary column. The stratigraphy is consistent along the transect, consisting of, from the bottom upward, carbonate bedrock, a gray clay, an organic mud section, a dense clay layer, and an upper organic mud unit representing the current saltwater marsh. However, the geochemical signature of the lower organic mud unit suggests pervasive redox reactions, although the interval has been identified as representing a freshwater marsh, an unlikely environment for such conditions. Analyses indicate that this discrepancy results from postdepositional diagenesis driven by millennial-scale environmental parameters. Rising sea level that led to the deposition of the capping clay layer, created anaerobic conditions in the freshwater swamp interval, and isolated it hydrologically from the rest of the sediment column. The subsequent infiltration of marine water into this organic material led to sulfate reduction, the buildup of H2S and FeS, and anoxic conditions. Continued sulfidation eventually resulted in euxinic conditions, as evidenced by elevated levels of Fe, S, and especially Mo, the diagnostic marker of euxinia. Because this chemical transformation occurred long after the original deposition the geochemical signature does not reflect soil chemistry at the time of deposition and cannot be used to infer syn-depositional environmental conditions, emphasizing the importance of recognizing diagenetic processes in paleoenvironmental studies.},
	keywords = {anoxic, diagenesis, euxinic, florida, Molybdenum, reactions, redox, XRF},
	issn = {2472-3452},
	doi = {10.1021/acsearthspacechem.7b00098},
	url = {https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.7b00098},
	author = {McCloskey, Terrence A. and Smith, Christopher G. and Liu, Kam-biu and Marot, Marci and Haller, Christian}
}
@article {2711,
	title = {Interstadial Rise and Younger Dryas Demise of Scotland{\textquoteright}s Last Ice Fields},
	journal = {Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology},
	volume = {33},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-04-2018},
	pages = {412 - 429},
	abstract = {Establishing the atmospheric expression of abrupt climate change during the last glacial termination is key to understanding driving mechanisms. In this paper, we present a new 14C chronology of glacier behavior during late-glacial time from the Scottish Highlands, located close to the overturning region of the North Atlantic Ocean. Our results indicate that the last pulse of glaciation culminated between ~12.8 and ~12.6 ka, during the earliest part of the Younger Dryas stadial and as much as a millennium earlier than several recent estimates. Comparison of our results with existing minimum-limiting 14C data also suggests that the subsequent deglaciation of Scotland was rapid and occurred during full stadial conditions in the North Atlantic. We attribute this pattern of ice recession to enhanced summertime melting, despite severely cool winters, and propose that relatively warm summers are a fundamental characteristic of North Atlantic stadials.},
	keywords = {late glacial, Loch Lomond Readvance, marine reservoir effect, moraine chronology, radiocarbon, seasonality},
	doi = {10.1002/palo.v33.410.1002/2018PA003341},
	url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2018PA003341},
	author = {Bromley, G. and Putnam, A. and Borns, H. and Lowell, T. and Sandford, T. and Barrell, D.}
}
@article {2630,
	title = {An Investigation of Gas Exchange and Water Circulation in the Amundsen Sea Based On Dissolved Inorganic Radiocarbon},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {453},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Apr-11-2020},
	pages = {12,368 - 12,375},
	abstract = {We used radiocarbon isotope ratios in dissolved inorganic carbon to assess gas exchange and water circulation in the western Amundsen Sea. Radiocarbon isotope ratios indicate that Circumpolar Deep Water enters the basin along the seafloor and that the upper layer is formed through modification of this water mass. In the Amundsen Sea Polynya, radiocarbon isotope ratios of surface water are higher than those of underlying Winter Water, implying rapid absorption of atmospheric CO2. A CO2 absorption rate of 45mmol m(-2) d(-1) calculated for a site in the central polynya is higher than that near the Dotson Ice Shelf (28mmolm(-2) d(-1)). The turnover time of water in the Dotson Trough region of the western Amundsen Sea is estimated to be 10-30years, based on results from a box model and radiocarbon mass balance.

Plain Language Summary The western Amundsen Sea is experiencing raid physical changes including rapid glacial melting and declining sea ice cover. The suggested heat source is the intrusion of warm Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) along the seafloor of the Amundsen Shelf. Therefore, understanding the behavior of the intruded CDW, especially how long it stays on the shelf, is important. Physical oceanographic studies have examined the flux of CDW onto and out of the Amundsen Shelf. However, the turnover time of water in the Amundsen Sea is still poorly understood. In this paper, we use radiocarbon isotope signature from dissolved inorganic carbon to examine how rapidly atmospheric CO2 is absorbed into the Amundsen Sea Polynya and how long the water should stay in the western Amundsen Shelf to have the observed radiocarbon isotope signature. Based on our results and the current understanding of the water circulation in the western Amundsen Sea, we found that the water sits on the Amundsen Shelf for a few decades before it moves off shelf.},
	keywords = {Amundsen sea, dissolved inorganic carbon, gas exchange, radiocarbon, water circulation},
	issn = {0094-8276},
	doi = {10.1029/2018GL079464},
	url = {http://apps.webofknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&Func=Frame\&DestFail=http\%3A\%2F\%2Fwww.webofknowledge.com\%3FDestParams\%3DUT\%253DWOS\%25253A000453250000030\%2526customersID\%253DAlerting\%2526smartRedirect\%253Dyes\%2526action\%253Dretrieve\%2526mode\%25},
	author = {Kim, Bumsoo and Lee, SangHoon and Kim, Minkyoung and Hahm, Doshik and Rhee, Tae Siek and Hwang, Jeomshik}
}
@article {2616,
	title = {Large Variability of Dissolved Inorganic Radiocarbon in the Kuroshio Extension of the Northwest North PacificABSTRACT},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {60264317255},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-04-2018},
	pages = {691 - 704},
	abstract = {Radiocarbon (C-14) in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) was measured for water samples collected from six deep stations in the Kuroshio Extension (KE) region in the northwestern North Pacific in April-May 2015. Vertical profiles of Delta C-14-DIC indicate that bomb-produced Delta
C-14 was present from the surface to similar to 1500 m water depth. Large variations in Delta C-14-DIC values (300 parts per thousand) were
observed at 500 m water depth among the stations and the differences were likely controlled by transport and mixing dynamics of different
water masses in the region. The major Pacific western boundary currents, such as Kuroshio and Oyashio and regional mesoscale eddies, could play important roles affecting the observed Delta C-14-DIC variability. The depth profiles of both Delta C-14-DIC and DIC concentrations can be predicted by the solution mixing model and can be used as conservative tracers of water mass movement and water parcel homogenization in the
ocean.},
	keywords = {bomb radiocarbon, carbon, intermediate water, MIXED WATER REGION, ocean, WESTERN BOUNDARY CURRENTS},
	issn = {0033-8222},
	doi = {10.1017/RDC.2017.143},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033822217001436/type/journal_articlehttps://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0033822217001436},
	author = {Ding, Ling and Ge, Tiantian and Gao, Huiwang and Luo, Chunle and Xue, Yuejun and Druffel, Ellen R M and Wang, Xuchen}
}
@article {2859,
	title = {Longitudinal discontinuities in riverine greenhouse gas dynamics generated by dams and urban wastewater},
	journal = {Biogeosciences},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-01-2018},
	pages = {6349 - 6369},
	abstract = {Surface water concentrations of CO2, CH4, and N2O have rarely been measured simultaneously in river systems modified by human activities, contributing to large uncertainties in estimating global riverine emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Basin-wide surveys of the three GHGs were combined with a small number of measurements of C isotope ratios in dissolved organic matter (DOM), CO2, and CH4 in the Han River basin, South Korea, to examine how longitudinal patterns of the three gases and DOM are affected by four cascade dams along a middle section of the North Han River (hereafter termed {\textquotedblleft}middle reach{\textquotedblright}) and treated wastewater discharged to the lower Han River ({\textquotedblleft}lower reach{\textquotedblright}) traversing the Seoul metropolitan area. Monthly monitoring and two-season comparison were conducted at 6 and 15 sites, respectively, to measure surface water gas concentrations and ancillary water quality parameters including concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and optical properties of DOM. The basin-wide surveys were complemented with a sampling cruise along the lower reach and synoptic samplings along an urban tributary delivering effluents from a large wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) to the lower reach. The levels of pCO2 were relatively low in the middle reach (51{\textendash}2465 {\textmu}atm), particularly at the four dam sites (51{\textendash}761 {\textmu}atm), compared with those found in the largely forested upper basin with scattered patches of croplands (163{\textendash}2539 {\textmu}atm), the lower reach (78{\textendash}11298 {\textmu}atm), and three urban tributaries (2120{\textendash}11970 {\textmu}atm). The upper and middle reaches displayed generally low concentration ranges of CH4 and N2O, with some local peaks influenced by agricultural runoff and impoundments. By comparison, the lower reach exhibited exceptionally high concentrations of CH4 (1.2{\textendash}15766 nmol L-1) and N2O (7.5{\textendash}1396 nmol L-1), which were significantly correlated with different sets of variables such as DO and PO3-4 for CH4 and NH+4 and NO-3 for N2O. Downriver increases in the levels of DOC and optical properties such as fluorescence index (FI) and protein-like fluorescence indicated an increasing DOM fraction of anthropogenic and microbial origin. The concentrations of the three GHGs and DOC were similar in magnitude and temporal variation at a WWTP discharge and the receiving tributary, indicating a disproportionate contribution of the WWTP effluents to the tributary gas and DOC exports to the lower reach. The values of δ13C in surface water CO2 and CH4 measured during the sampling cruise along the lower reach, combined with δ13C and Δ14C in DOM sampled across the basin, implied a strong influence of the wastewater-derived gases and aged DOM delivered by the urban tributaries. The downstream enrichment of 13C in CO2 and CH4 suggested that the spatial distribution of these gases across the eutrophic lower reach may also be constrained by multiple concomitant processes including outgassing, photosynthesis, and CH4 oxidation. The overall results suggest that dams and urban wastewater may create longitudinal discontinuities in riverine metabolic processes leading to large spatial variations in the three GHGs correlating with different combinations of DOM properties and nutrients. Further research is required to evaluate the relative contributions of anthropogenic and in-stream sources of the three gases and DOM in eutrophic urbanized river systems and constrain key factors for the contrasting impoundment effects such as autotrophy-driven decreases in pCO2 and in-lake production of CH4 and N2O.},
	doi = {10.5194/bg-15-6349-2018},
	url = {https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/15/6349/2018/},
	author = {Jin, Hyojin and Yoon, Tae Kyung and Begum, Most Shirina and Lee, Eun-Ju and Oh, Neung-Hwan and Kang, Namgoo and Park, Ji-Hyung}
}
@article {2736,
	title = {Menardiiform planktonic foraminifera stratigraphy from Middle Pleistocene to Holocene in the Western South Atlantic},
	journal = {REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PALEONTOLOGIA},
	volume = {21},
	year = {2018},
	month = {May-12-2020},
	pages = {225 - 237},
	abstract = {We studied the Middle Pleistocene to Holocene menardiiform planktonic foraminifera (MPF) stratigraphy in six continuous deep-sea sediment cores recovered from the Brazilian continental slope to evaluate its use in climatic characterization and as a reliable biostratigraphic tool in the western South Atlantic. For this purpose, an important issue was to construct a robust local biochronological framework for the past 772 ky in the western South Atlantic (Santos Basin). The oxygen isotope chronostratigraphic control allowed us to recalibrate the MPF events in the Santos Basin and identify diachronous bioevents. The bio-horizons found in the Santos Basin, such as the V/W and T/U (bio)zone boundaries, were found in a different chronostratigraphic position compared to previous studies. Results indicate that typical cyclic disappearances and reappearances of the MPF are not synchronous throughout the Atlantic Ocean and should not be employed for {\textquoteleft}climatic zonation{\textquoteright}. This asynchronous evidence also provides information on the timing of the mechanisms responsible for the proliferation of these species throughout the Atlantic Ocean. Therefore, we strongly recommend that a local biochronological framework should be used for inter-basin comparisons and also accumulation rate estimates, both for paleoclimatic studies and continental slope geohazard assessment. {\textcopyright} 2018, Sociedade Brasileira de Paleontologia. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {15197530},
	doi = {10.4072/rbp10.4072/rbp.2018.310.4072/rbp.2018.3.03},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330006751_Menardiiform_planktonic_foraminifera_stratigraphy_from_Middle_Pleistocene_to_Holocene_in_the_Western_South_Atlantic},
	author = {Costa, Karen Badaraco and Camillo Jr, Edmundo and Santarosa, Ana Cl{\'a}udia Aoki and Iwai, Fabiane Sayuri and Quadros, Juliana Pereira de and Leipnitz, Itamar Ivo and Toledo, Felipe Antonio de Lima}
}
@article {2606,
	title = {Millennial-scale variations in dustiness recorded in Mid-Atlantic sediments from 0 to 70 ka},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {482},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-01-2018},
	pages = {12 - 22},
	abstract = {Sedimentary records of dust deposition in the subtropical Atlantic provide important constraints on millennial- and orbital-scale variability in atmospheric circulation and North African aridity. Constant flux proxies, such as extraterrestrial helium-3, yield dust flux records that are independent of the biases caused by lateral sediment transport and limited resolution that may be associated with age-model-derived mass accumulation rates. However, Atlantic dust records constrained using constant flux proxies are sparsely distributed and generally limited to the past 20 ka. Here we extend the Atlantic record of North African dust deposition to 70 ka using extraterrestrial helium-3 and measurements of titanium, thorium, and terrigenous helium-4 in two sediment cores collected at 26{\textdegree}N and 29{\textdegree}N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and compare results to model estimates for dust deposition in the subtropical North Atlantic. Dust proxy fluxes between 26{\textdegree}N and 29{\textdegree}N are well correlated, despite variability in lateral sediment transport, and underscore the utility of extraterrestrial helium-3 for constraining millennial-scale variability in dust deposition. Similarities between Mid-Atlantic dust flux trends and those observed along the Northwest African margin corroborate previous interpretations of dust flux variability over the past 20 ka and suggest that long distance transport and depositional processes do not overly obscure the signal of North African dust emissions. The 70 ka Mid-Atlantic record reveals a slight increase in North African dustiness from Marine Isotope Stage 4 through the Last Glacial Maximum and a dramatic decrease in dustiness associated with the African Humid Period. On the millennial-scale, the new records exhibit brief dust maxima coincident with North Atlantic cold periods such as the Younger Dryas, and multiple Heinrich Stadials. The correlation between Mid-Atlantic dust fluxes and previous constraints on North African aridity is high. However, precipitation exerts less control on dust flux variability prior to the African Humid Period, when wind variability governs dust emissions from consistently dry dust source regions. Thus, the Mid-Atlantic dust record supports the hypothesis that both aridity and wind strength drive dust flux variability across changing climatic conditions.},
	keywords = {helium-3, mass accumulation rate, mineral dust, North Africa, Subtropical North Atlantic, thorium-232},
	issn = {0012821X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2017.10.034},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X17306027},
	author = {Middleton, Jennifer L. and Mukhopadhyay, Sujoy and Langmuir, Charles H. and McManus, Jerry F. and Huybers, Peter J.}
}
@article {2754,
	title = {Organic matter sources and lateral sedimentation in a Bahamian karst basin (sinkhole) over the late Holocene: Influence of local vegetation and climate},
	journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},
	volume = {506},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-10-2018},
	pages = {70 - 83},
	abstract = {Karst basins (e.g., blueholes, sinkholes) accumulate well-preserved sedimentary successions that provide transformative paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental information. However, the sedimentary processes within these basins are not yet fully understood. Here we present stable carbon isotopic values (δ13Corg) and C:N ratios of bulk organic matter in well-dated sediment cores from Blackwood Sinkhole (Abaco, The Bahamas) to investigate the changing flux of organic matter into the sinkhole during the late Holocene. The provenance of preserved organic matter changed through the late Holocene between three primary sources, as determined by three-endmember mixing modeling: wetland organic matter from the adjacent epikarst surface, authigenic primary productivity in the oligohaline meteoric lens, and terrestrial organic matter from the surrounding landscape. Expansion of wetlands on the adjacent epikarst surface played a critical role by increasing the flux of wetland organic matter to the sinkhole, especially during the last 1000 years. Hurricanes and regional rainfall may have mediated organic matter delivery to the benthos, either through hampering wetland development (prior to 1000 cal yr BP) or by changing dissolved nutrient concentrations available in the basin for primary producers. These results demonstrate that organic matter provenance in karst basins is not constant through time, and is significantly dependent upon both landscape vegetation on the epikarst surface and changing hydrographic conditions that impacts nutrient availability to primary producers.},
	keywords = {Caribbean, Karst, Mixing model, Stable isotopes, Subtropical landscape},
	issn = {00310182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.06.014},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031018218300683},
	author = {Tamalavage, Anne E. and van Hengstum, Peter J. and Louchouarn, Patrick and Molodtsov, Sergey and Kaiser, Karl and Donnelly, Jeffrey P. and Albury, Nancy A. and Fall, Patricia L.}
}
@article {2855,
	title = {Paleomagnetism and rock magnetism from sediments along a continental shelf-to-slope transect in the NW Barents Sea: Implications for geomagnetic and depositional changes during the past 15 thousand years},
	journal = {Global and Planetary Change},
	volume = {160},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-01-2018},
	pages = {10 - 27},
	abstract = {Paleomagnetic and rock magnetic data were measured on glaciomarine silty-clay successions along an E-W sediment-core transect across the continental shelf and slope of the Kveithola paleo-ice stream system (south of Svalbard, north-western Barents Sea), representing a stratigraphic interval spanning the last deglaciation and the Holocene.

The records indicate that magnetite is the main magnetic mineral and that magnetic minerals are distinctly less abundant on the shelf than at the continental slope. The paleomagnetic properties allow for the reconstruction of a well-defined characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM) throughout the sedimentary successions. The stratigraphic trends of rock magnetic and paleomagnetic parameters are used for a shelf-slope core correlation and sediment facies analysis is applied for depositional processes reconstruction. The new paleomagnetic records compare to the PSV and RPI variation predicted for the core sites by a simulation using the global geomagnetic field variation models SHA.DIF.14k and CALS7K.2 and closest PSV and RPI regional stack curves. The elaborated dataset, corroborated by available 14C ages, provides a fundamental chronological framework to constrain the coupling of shelf-slope sedimentary processes and environmental changes in the NW Barents Sea region during and after deglaciation.},
	keywords = {Barents Sea, Kveithola glacial trough, Paleomagnetism, Rock magnetism},
	issn = {09218181},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gloplacha.2017.11.007},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0921818117303077},
	author = {Caricchi, C. and Lucchi, R.G. and Sagnotti, L. and Macr{\`I}, P. and Morigi, C. and Melis, R. and Caffau, M. and Rebesco, M. and Hanebuth, T.J.J.}
}
@book {2833,
	title = {Quaternary Glaciation of the Great Lakes Region: Process, Landforms, Sediments, and ChronologyMinimum age of the Mapleton, Tully, and Labrador Hollow moraines indicates correlation with the Port Huron Phase in central New York State},
	year = {2018},
	publisher = {Geological Society of America},
	organization = {Geological Society of America},
	abstract = {The glaciated terrain along the northern edge of the Appalachian Plateau in the eastern Finger Lakes of central New York has long been recognized as an important location for meltwater routing and for proglacial lake development in the Great Lakes region. Despite recognition of multiple ice margins formed by the Ontario Lobe of the Laurentide ice sheet during the late Wisconsinan, numerical age control of several margins has been elusive, particularly in regard to regional readvances of the Port Bruce (ca. 16,980{\textendash}18,000 cal [calibrated] yr B.P.) and Port Huron (ca. 14,300{\textendash} 16,000 cal yr B.P.) Phases. Utilizing light detection and ranging (LiDAR) terrain models in the eastern Finger Lakes area, we identified and described the Mapleton, Tully, and Labrador Hollow moraines. Associated ice-marginal landforms include push moraines, fans, and hummocky topography. In places, these features intrude into the northern heads of through valleys. Coring of three basins directly associated with these landforms yielded more than 20 samples of boreal tree needles and twigs, and Dryas leaves. Accelerated mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon assay results indicate that poststadial lacustrine sedimentation began at ca. 15,000 cal yr B.P., consistent with ages of the Port Huron Phase.},
	doi = {10.1130/SPE53010.1130/2018.2530(10)},
	url = {https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/2055/chapter/113619040/Minimum-age-of-the-Mapleton-Tully-and-Labrador},
	author = {Kehew, Alan E. and Curry, B. Brandon and Kozlowski, Andrew L. and Bird, Brian C. and Lowell, Thomas V. and Smith, Colby A. and Feranec, Robert S. and Graham, Brandon Lars}
}
@article {2909,
	title = {Radiocarbon, Cesium-137, Grain Size, and X-ray Fluorescence Data for Tsunami Geology Investigation, Driftwood Bay, Umnak Island, Alaska (2018)},
	year = {2018},
	publisher = {Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey},
	abstract = {These files provide the complete data release for the paper entitled, "Frequent large tsunamis spanned locked/creeping parts of the Aleutian megathrust." The data set consists of nine tables that include radiocarbon dates, cesium-137 activity, grain size measurements, and scanning X-ray fluorescence element intensity counts.
},
	doi = {10.5066/P9D7KLJV},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.5066/P9D7KLJV},
	author = {Witter, Rob and Gelfenbaum, Guy and Corbett, Reide and Tam, Angela and La Selle, SeanPaul}
}
@article {2887,
	title = {Radiocarbon dating of the old ash of Aiton, Romania},
	journal = {Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Chemia},
	volume = {63},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-10-2020},
	pages = {41 - 47},
	abstract = {The article reports the AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) radiocarbon investigation results of the old common ash of Aiton. Five wood samples were collected from the trunk of the tree. The deepest ends of the samples were analysed by AMS radiocarbon. We found radiocarbon dates between 165 {\textpm} 20 BP and 240 {\textpm} 18 BP, which correspond to calibrated ages of 230 {\textendash} 360 years. These results, combined with a ring counting estimate, indicate an age of 330 {\textpm} 30 years for the ash of Aiton. By this value, the ash of Aiton becomes the oldest known common ash with accurate dating results. {\textcopyright} 2018, Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Catedra de Filosofie Sistematica. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {12247154},
	doi = {10.24193/subbchem.2018.3.03},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328588965_Radiocarbon_dating_of_the_old_ash_of_Aiton_Romania},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Patrut, Roxana T. and Rakosy, Laszlo and Ratiu, Ileana-Andreea and Lowy, Daniel A. and Bodis, Jen{\H o} and von Reden, Karl F.}
}
@article {2731,
	title = {Rapid precipitation changes in the tropical West Pacific linked to North Atlantic climate forcing during the last deglaciation},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {197},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-10-2018},
	pages = {288 - 306},
	abstract = {The cause of rapid hydrological changes in the tropical West Pacific during the last deglaciation remains controversial. In order to test whether these changes were triggered by abrupt climate change events in the North Atlantic Ocean, variations in precipitation during the last deglaciation (18-10 ka) were extracted from proxy records of chemical weathering and terrigenous input in the western Philippine Sea (WPS). The evolution of chemical weathering and terrigenous input since 27 ka was reconstructed using the chemical index of alteration (CIA), elemental ratios (K/Al, TOC/TN and Ti/Ca), δ13Corg, terrigenous fraction abundance and flux data from International Marine Global Change Study Program (IMAGES) core MD06-3054 collected on the upper continental slope of eastern Luzon (northern Philippines). Sediment deposited during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) shows weathering equal to or slightly greater than Holocene sediment in the WPS. This unusual state of chemical weathering, which is inconsistent with lower air temperatures and decreased precipitation in Luzon during the LGM, may be due to reworking of poorly consolidated sediments on the eastern Luzon continental shelf during the LGM sea-level lowstand. Rapid changes in chemical weathering, characterized by higher intensity during the Heinrich event 1 (H1) and Younger Dryas (YD) and lower intensity during the B{\o}lling-Aller{\o}d (B/A), were linked to rapid variations in precipitation in the WPS during the last deglaciation. The higher terrigenous inputs during the LGM relative to those of the Holocene were controlled by sea-level changes rather than precipitation. The terrigenous inputs show a long-term decline during the last deglaciation, punctuated by brief spikes during the H1 and YD related to sea-level rises and rapid precipitation changes in the WPS, respectively. The proxy records of chemical weathering and terrigenous input from eastern Luzon suggest high rainfall during the H1 and YD events, consistent with inferred rainfall patterns based on Fe/Ca records from offshore Mindanao. Rapid precipitation changes in the WPS did not coincide with migrations of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) but, rather, were related to state shifts of the El Ni{\~n}o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) during the last deglaciation. Based on proxy records and modeling results, we argue that the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) controlled rapid precipitation changes in the tropical West Pacific through zonal shifts of ENSO or meridional migration of the ITCZ during the last deglaciation. Our findings highlight the dominant role of the North Atlantic Ocean in the tropical hydrologic cycle during the last deglaciation. },
	keywords = {AMOC, Chemical weathering, enso, ITCZ, Terrigenous input, Western Philippine Sea},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.07.040},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379117309484https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0277379117309484?httpAccept=text/xmlhttps://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0277379117309484?httpAccept=text/plain},
	author = {Xiong, Zhifang and Li, Tiegang and Chang, Fengming and Algeo, Thomas J. and Clift, Peter D. and Bretschneider, Lisa and Lu, Zhengyao and Zhu, Xiao and Frank, Martin and Sauer, Peter E. and Jiang, FuQing and Wan, Shiming and Zhang, Xu and Chen, Shuangxi and Huang, Jie}
}
@article {2799,
	title = {Residential Coal Combustion as a Source of Levoglucosan in ChinaResidential Coal Combustion as a Source of Levoglucosan in China},
	journal = {Environmental Science \& Technology},
	volume = {52},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jun-02-2018},
	pages = {1665 - 1674},
	abstract = {Levoglucosan (LG) has been widely identified as a specific marker for biomass burning (BB) sources and frequently utilized in estimating the BB contribution to atmospheric fine particles all over the world. However, this study provides direct evidence to show that coal combustion (CC) is also a source of LG, especially in the wintertime in Northern China, based on both source testing and ambient measurement. Our results show that low-temperature residential CC could emit LG with emission factors (EF) ranging from 0.3 to 15.9 mg kg{\textendash}1. Ratios of LG to its isomers, mannosan and galactosan, differ between CC and BB emissions, and the wintertime ratios in Beijing ambient PM2.5 and source-specific tracers including carbon isotopic signatures all indicated a significant contribution from CC to ambient levoglucosan in winter in Beijing. The results suggest that LG cannot be used as a distinct source marker for biomass burning in special cases such as some cities in the northern China, where coal is still widely used in the residential and industrial sectors. Biomass burning sources could be overestimated, although such an over-estimation could vary spatially and temporally.},
	issn = {0013-936X},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.est.7b05858},
	url = {https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.7b05858},
	author = {Yan, Caiqing and Zheng, Mei and Sullivan, Amy P. and Shen, Guofeng and Chen, Yingjun and Wang, Shuxiao and Zhao, Bin and Cai, Siyi and Desyaterik, Yury and Li, Xiaoying and Zhou, Tian and Gustafsson, {\"O}rjan and Collett, Jeffrey L.}
}
@article {2838,
	title = {Slope failures within and upstream of Lake Quinault, Washington, as uneven responses to Holocene earthquakes along the Cascadia subduction zoneAbstract},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {89},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-01-2018},
	pages = {178 - 200},
	abstract = {Investigation of Lake Quinault in western Washington, including a reflection seismic survey, analysis of piston cores, and preliminary mapping in the steep, landslide-prone Quinault River catchment upstream of the lake, reveals evidence for three episodes of earthquake disturbance in the past 3000 yr. These earthquakes triggered failures on the lake{\textquoteright}s underwater slopes and delta front, as well as subaerial landsliding, partial channel blockage, and forced fluvial sediment aggradation. The ages of the three Lake Quinault disturbance events overlap with those of coseismically subsided, coastal marsh soils nearby in southwest Washington that are interpreted to record ruptures of the Cascadia megathrust. Absent from Lake Quinault, however, are signals of obvious disturbance from five additional subduction earthquakes inferred to have occurred during the period of record. The lack of evidence for these events may reflect the limitations of the data set derived from the detrital, river-dominated lake stratigraphy but may also have bearing on debates about segmentation and the distribution of slip along the Cascadia subduction zone during prior earthquakes.},
	keywords = {Cascadia, Earthquake, lakes, Paleoseismic, Sediment},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1017/qua.2017.96},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033589417000965/type/journal_article},
	author = {Leithold, Elana L. and Wegmann, Karl W. and Bohnenstiehl, Delwayne R. and Smith, Stephen G. and Noren, Anders and O{\textquoteright}Grady, Ryan}
}
@article {2846,
	title = {Temperature variations in the southern Great Lakes during the last deglaciation: Comparison between pollen and GDGT proxies},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {182},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-02-2018},
	pages = {78 - 92},
	abstract = {Our understanding of deglacial climate history in the southern Great Lakes region of the United States is primarily based upon fossil pollen data, with few independent and multi-proxy climate reconstructions. Here we introduce a new, well-dated fossil pollen record from Stotzel-Leis, OH, and a new deglacial temperature record based on branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) at Silver Lake, OH. We compare these new data to previously published records and to a regional stack of pollen-based temperature reconstructions from Stotzel-Leis, Silver Lake, and three other well-dated sites. The new and previously published pollen records at Stotzel-Leis are similar, but our new age model brings vegetation events into closer alignment with known climatic events such as the Younger Dryas (YD). brGDGT-inferred temperatures correlate strongly with pollen-based regional temperature reconstructions, with the strongest correlation obtained for a global soil-based brGDGT calibration (r2 = 0.88), lending confidence to the deglacial reconstructions and the use of brGDGT and regional pollen stacks as paleotemperature proxies in eastern North America. However, individual pollen records show large differences in timing, rates, and amplitudes of inferred temperature change, indicating caution with paleoclimatic inferences based on single-site pollen records. From 16.0 to 10.0ka, both proxies indicate that regional temperatures rose by \~{}10 {\textdegree}C, roughly double the \~{}5 {\textdegree}C estimates for the Northern Hemisphere reported in prior syntheses. Change-point analysis of the pollen stack shows accelerated warming at 14.0 {\textpm} 1.2ka, cooling at 12.6 {\textpm} 0.4ka, and warming from 11.6 {\textpm} 0.5ka into the Holocene. The timing of B{\o}lling-Aller{\o}d (B-A) warming and YD onset in our records lag by \~{}300{\textendash}500 years those reported in syntheses of temperature records from the northern mid-latitudes. This discrepancy is too large to be attributed to uncertainties in radiocarbon dating, and correlation between pollen and brGDGT temperature reconstructions rules out vegetation lags as a cause. However, the YD termination appears synchronous among the brGDGT record, regional pollen stack, and Northern Hemisphere stack. The cause of the larger and lagged temperature changes in the southern Great Lakes relative to Northern Hemisphere averages remains unclear, but may be due to the effects of continentality and ice sheet extent on regional climate evolution.},
	keywords = {Continental biomarkers, GDGT, Lagoons and Swamps, lakes, North America, paleoclimatology, Pleistocene, pollen, sedimentology},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.12.011},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379117306467},
	author = {Watson, Benjamin I. and Williams, John W. and Russell, James M. and Jackson, Stephen T. and Shane, Linda and Lowell, Thomas V.}
}
@article {2844,
	title = {A 7000-year history of coastal environmental changes from Mexico{\textquoteright}s Pacific coast: A multi-proxy record from Laguna Mitla, Guerrero},
	journal = {The Holocene},
	volume = {27},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Sep-08-2017},
	pages = {1214 - 1226},
	abstract = {The lack of multi-millennial multi-proxy paleoenvironmental reconstructions from Mexico{\textquoteright}s Pacific coast has limited our understanding of the regional response to climate change and sea-level rise. A 479-cm core covering the last 6900 years was extracted from Laguna Mitla in the state of Guerrero on Mexico{\textquoteright}s Pacific coast. Beginning as a Rhizophora-dominated salt pan ~6900 yr BP, at ~6500 yr BP, the site transitioned to a mangrove swamp dominated by Laguncularia, which lasted about 300 years. The beach barrier formed from ~6200 to 5200 yr BP, during which time, the site existed as an intermittently sheltered bay, the result of large, rapid changes in wave energy associated with the shifting barrier location and changes in stability. After the beach barrier was stabilized at ~5200 yr BP, water level at the coring site became a function of precipitation rather than sea level. Since that time, deposition has alternated between peat, laid down in a mangrove swamp, and clay intervals characterized by high concentrations of titanium and a predominantly regional pollen signal, representing open-water lagoon phases. Seven periods of increased water level, varying in duration, occurred during the backbarrier period, with El Ni{\~n}o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) likely the main climatic mechanism causing these periodic shifts in the paleo-precipitation levels. We suggest that the deepest water levels detected over the last ~3200 years correlate with periods of increased ENSO activity. The spatial distribution of tropical cyclone rainfall, which represents a significant percentage of total annual precipitation along Mexico{\textquoteright}s Pacific coast, may explain the inconsistencies between our record and paleoclimatic records from Mexico{\textquoteright}s interior, but more work is needed to test this hypothesis.},
	keywords = {El Nino-Southern Oscillation, Laguna Mitla, mangroves, Pacific coast of Mexico, Paleoclimate, paleoenvironmental reconstruction, pollen, Sediment, tropical cyclones, x-ray fluorescence},
	issn = {0959-6836},
	doi = {10.1177/0959683616687379},
	url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0959683616687379},
	author = {Bianchette, Thomas A and McCloskey, Terrence A and Liu, Kam-biu}
}
@article {2599,
	title = {African Baobabs with a Very Large Number of Stems and False Stems: Radiocarbon Investigation of the Baobab of Warang},
	journal = {Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Chemia},
	volume = {62},
	year = {2017},
	month = {May-03-2018},
	pages = {111 - 120},
	abstract = {The article presents the AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) radiocarbon dating results of the baobab of Warang, Senegal. The investigation of the baobab revealed that it consists of 18 partially fused stems, which represents the largest number of stems reported for an African baobab. Three stems build the ring that closes a false cavity, while 15 stems grow outside the ring. Seven wood samples were collected from the false cavity and from the outer part of other stems. The dating results evinced that the stems belong to four different generations, out of which the first generation is around 500 years old. We also documented the presence of false stems, which emerge from a large adjacent stem, are triangular in horizontal section and act as an anchor. The baobab of Warang possesses 12 ordinary stems and 6 false stems.},
	keywords = {Adansonia digitata, Age determination, AMS radiocarbon dating, inner cavity, multiple stems, tropical trees},
	issn = {12247154},
	doi = {10.24193/subbchem10.24193/subbchem.2017.110.24193/subbchem.2017.1.09},
	url = {http://chem.ubbcluj.ro/~studiachemia/http://chem.ubbcluj.ro/~studiachemia/chemia2017_1.htmlhttp://www.chem.ubbcluj.ro/~studiachemia/issues/chemia2017_1/09Patrut_etal_111_120.pdf},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Garnaud, {\'e}bastien and Ka, Oumar and Patrut, Roxana T. and Diagne, Tomas and Lowy, Daniel A. and Forizs, Edit and Bodis, {\H o} and von Reden, Karl F.}
}
@article {2840,
	title = {Aged dissolved organic carbon exported from rivers of the Tibetan Plateau},
	journal = {PLOS ONE},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Feb-05-2019},
	pages = {e0178166},
	abstract = {The role played by river networks in regional and global carbon cycle is receiving increasing attention. Despite the potential of radiocarbon measurements (14C) to elucidate sources and cycling of different riverine carbon pools, there remain large regions such as the climate-sensitive Tibetan Plateau for which no data are available. Here we provide new 14C data on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from three large Asian rivers (the Yellow, Yangtze and Yarlung Tsangpo Rivers) running on the Tibetan Plateau and present the carbon transportation pattern in rivers of the plateau versus other river system in the world. Despite higher discharge rates during the high flow season, the DOC yield of Tibetan Plateau rivers (0.41 gC m-2 yr-1) was lower than most other rivers due to lower concentrations. Radiocarbon ages of the DOC were older/more depleted (511{\textpm}294 years before present, yr BP) in the Tibetan rivers than those in Arctic and tropical rivers. A positive correlation between radiocarbon age and permafrost watershed coverage was observed, indicating that 14C-deplted/old carbon is exported from permafrost regions of the Tibetan Plateau during periods of high flow. This is in sharp contrast to permafrost regions of the Arctic which export 14C-enriched carbon during high discharge periods.},
	keywords = {Carbon cycle, Carbon dioxide, Climate change, Rain, Rivers, Surface water, Tibetan people, TIBETAN PLATEAU},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0178166},
	url = {https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178166},
	author = {Qu, Bin and Sillanp{\"a}{\"a}, Mika and Li, Chaoliu and Kang, Shichang and Stubbins, Aron and Yan, Fangping and Aho, Kelly Sue and Zhou, Feng and Raymond, Peter A.},
	editor = {Lin, Senjie}
}
@article {Kim201733,
	title = {Biogeochemical properties of sinking particles in the southwestern part of the East Sea (Japan Sea)},
	journal = {Journal of Marine Systems},
	volume = {167},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {33 - 42},
	abstract = {Abstract This study investigates the biological pump system in the East Sea (Japan Sea) by conducting an analysis of the total particle flux, biogenic material composition, and carbon isotope ratios of sinking particles. The samples were collected for one year starting from March 2011 using time-series sediment traps deployed at depths of 1040 m and 2280 m on bottom-tethered mooring at Station \{EC1\} (37.33{\textdegree}N, 131.45{\textdegree}E; 2300 m water depth) in the Ulleung Basin (UB), southwestern part of the East Sea. The temporal variation in the particulate organic carbon (POC) flux at 1000 m shows a good relationship with the primary production in the corresponding surface water. The ratio of \{POC\} flux at 1000 m to satellite-based primary production in the corresponding region in the \{UB\} was ~ 3\%, which is comparable to the values of 2 to 5\% estimated from previous studies of other part of the East Sea. The lithogenic material accounted for \&gt; 17\% of the sinking particles at 1000 m and for a larger fraction of 40 to 60\% at 2280 m. The radiocarbon contents of the sinking \{POC\} at both trap depths imply the additional supply of aged POC, with a much greater contribution at 2280 m. Overall, the particle flux in the deep interior of the East Sea appears to be controlled by the supply of complex sources, including aeolian input, the lateral supply of resuspended sediments, and biological production in the surface water.},
	keywords = {East Sea (Japan Sea)},
	issn = {0924-7963},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2016.11.001},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924796316303608},
	author = {Minkyoung Kim and Jeomshik Hwang and TaeKeun Rho and Tongsup Lee and Dong-Jin Kang and Kyung-Il Chang and Suyun Noh and HuiTae Joo and Jung Hyun Kwak and Chang-Keun Kang and Kyung-Ryul Kim}
}
@article {2800,
	title = {Changes in glacial meltwater alter algal communities in lakes of Scoresby Sund, Renland, East Greenland throughout the Holocene: Abrupt reorganizations began 1000 years before present},
	journal = {The Holocene},
	volume = {27},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Feb-07-2018},
	pages = {929 - 940},
	abstract = {We investigated the response of lake algal communities to changes in glacial meltwater from the Renland Ice Cap (Greenland) through the Holocene to assess whether influxes always elicit consistent responses or novel responses. We measured sedimentary algal pigments in two proximal lakes, snow-fed Raven and glacier- and snow-fed Bunny Lake, and diatom community structure and turnover in Bunny Lake. Diatom data were not available in Raven Lake. We also modeled lake-level change in Bunny Lake to identify how glacial meltwater may have altered diatom habitat availability through time. Through a series of glacier advances and retreats over the Holocene, the algal response in Bunny Lake was relatively constant until approximately 1015 yr BP, after which there were major changes in sedimentary algal remains. Algal pigment concentrations sharply declined, and diatom species richness increased. Diatom community structure underwent three reorganizations. Until 1015 yr BP, assemblages were dominated by Pinnularia braunii and Aulacoseira pffaffiana. However, approximately 1015{\textendash}480 yr BP, these species declined and Tabellaria flocculosa and Hannaea arcus became a significant component of the assemblage. Approximately 440 yr BP, A. pfaffiana increased along with species indicating elevated nitrogen. In contrast, the algal pigment records from nearby snow-fed Raven Lake showed different and minimal change through time. Our results suggest that changes in the magnitude and composition of meltwater in our two study lakes were unique over the last 1000 yr BP and elicited a non-linear threshold response absent during other periods of glacier advance and retreat. Deciphering the degree to which glaciers structure algal communities over time has strong implications for lakes as glaciers continue to recede.
},
	keywords = {climate, Diatom, East Greenland, glacier, Holocene, Lake level},
	issn = {0959-6836},
	doi = {10.1177/0959683616678468},
	url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0959683616678468},
	author = {Slemmons, Krista EH and Medford, Aaron and Hall, Brenda L and Stone, Jeffery R and McGowan, Suzanne and Lowell, Thomas and Kelly, Meredith and Saros, Jasmine E}
}
@article {Chen2017,
	title = {Climate and environmental changes for the past 44 ka clarified by pollen and algae composition in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Japan Sea)},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {-},
	abstract = {Abstract The pollen and algae records derived from core KCES-1 in the East Sea (Japan Sea) reveal vegetation and climate changes during the past 44 ka. From 44 to 36~cal ka BP, forest vegetation in the coastal regions of Ulleung Basin was composed predominantly of subalpine conifer forest, open grassland covered the exposed continental shelves, indicating a cool and dry climate. During the period of 36{\textendash}28.3~cal ka BP, a warmer and wetter climate caused the contraction of subalpine conifer forest in the coastal regions of Ulleung Basin, and the expansion of marsh in the exposed continental shelves. From 28.3 to 17.6~cal ka BP, the sea-level decline restricted the herbs pollen originates in the exposed shelf of East China Sea and Yellow Sea inflow into the East Sea (Japan Sea), and caused the reduction of herbs pollen in the site location. During the time interval of 17.6{\textendash}15.1~cal ka BP, a great expansion of subalpine conifer forest can be regarded as the consequence of enhanced East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM). The obvious increase in temperate deciduous broadleaved trees, spores and algae can be attributable to the rising of sea level and the warming of climate from 15.1 to 12.1~cal ka BP. During the period of 12.1 to 5.3~cal ka BP, broadleaved taxa increased, especially during the time period of 9.5{\textendash}5.3~cal ka BP, evergreen broadleaved trees pollen reach the highest values throughout the core, as a result of the Holocene climate optimum condition. Vegetation changes controlled by humid impacts occurred at the late Holocene, as indicated by an increase in Pinus pollen.},
	keywords = {East Sea (Japan Sea)},
	issn = {1040-6182},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2016.09.052},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618216300829},
	author = {Jinxia Chen and Yanguang Liu and Xuefa Shi and Bong-Chool Suk and Jianjun Zou and Zhengquan Yao}
}
@article {2575,
	title = {Comparative growth, age at maturity and sex change, and longevity of Hawaiian parrotfishes with bomb radiocarbon validation<i></i>},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jul-06-2017},
	abstract = {Growth rates and longevities were estimated for five major fishery species of parrotfishes ({\textquotedblleft}uhu{\textquotedblright}) at Oahu, Hawai{\textquoteright}i. All species grew rapidly with von Bertalanffy Growth Formula (VBGF) k values >= 0.4 yr-1. Longevities were found to range broadly among the three SMALL species{\textemdash}4 yr in Calotomus carolinus and 6 and 11 yr in Scarus psittacus and Chlorurus spilurus{\textemdash}and to 15-20 yr in S. rubroviolaceus and Chlorurus perspicillatus for the two LARGE species. Age-reading and growth curves for the latter two LARGE species were validated using bomb radiocarbon dating. Median ages at sexual maturity as females (AM50) and at sex change (from female to terminal phase male, A∆50) were estimated using logistic models. Sexual maturation occurred at 1{\textendash}2 yr for the SMALL species and at 3{\textendash}3{\textonehalf} yr in the LARGE species. A∆50 estimates ranged from 2{\textendash}4 yr in the SMALL species and were about 5 and 7 yr in S. rubroviolaceus and C. perspicillatus, respectively. Estimated milestones poorly corresponded to the current minimum legal size for uhu in Hawai{\textquoteright}i (12" or 30.5 cm fork length). Pooling these parrotfishes for management seems generally inappropriate, especially for the two LARGE species. Age-based metrics are more informative than size-based metrics for these fishes},
	issn = {0706-652X},
	doi = {10.1139/cjfas-2016-0523},
	url = {http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/10.1139/cjfas-2016-0523},
	author = {DeMartini, Edward E and Andrews, Allen H and Howard, Kathrine G and Taylor, Brett M and Lou, Dongchun and Donovan, Mary K.}
}
@article {Jenkins2017,
	title = {The deep distributions of helium isotopes, radiocarbon, and noble gases along the U.S. GEOTRACES East Pacific Zonal Transect (GP16)},
	journal = {Marine Chemistry},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {-},
	abstract = {Abstract We report the deep distributions of noble gases, helium isotopes, and radiocarbon measured during the U.S. \{GEOTRACES\} \{GP16\} East Pacific Zonal Transect between 152 and 77{\textdegree}W at 12{\textendash}15{\textdegree}S in the South Pacific. The dominant feature is an intense tongue of hydrothermal effluent that extends \&gt; 4000 km westward from the East Pacific Rise (EPR) at ~ 2500 m depth. The patterns reveal significant {\textquotedblleft}downstream{\textquotedblright} variations in water mass structure, advection, and mixing that belie the simple perception of a continuous plume extending westward from the EPR. For example, one feature observed at 120{\textdegree}W, 14{\textdegree}S has tracer signatures that are consistent with a water mass originating from an area as much as 2000 km south of this section, suggesting a quasi-permanent northward flow on the western flank of the EPR. Helium isotope variations in the plume show a uniquely high 3He/4He source in the tongue compared with typical mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB), consistent with the anomalously high ratios observed in \{MORB\} glasses from the \{EPR\} segment just south of this transect. The water column data also reveal that the background 3He/4He east of the \{EPR\} is significantly lower than values characteristic of MORB, suggesting an additional, more geographically distributed radiogenic 4He flux of order 107 mol/y into the deep Pacific. In the western end of the section, incoming bottom waters have relatively less hydrothermal hydrothermal helium, more radiocarbon, and more oxygen, as well as negative saturation anomalies for the heavy noble gases (Ar, Kr, and Xe). During the basin-scale upwelling of this water, diapycnal mixing serves to erase these negative anomalies. The relative magnitudes of the increases for the heavy noble gases (Ar, Kr, and Xe) are quantitatively consistent with this process. This leads us to estimate the relatively smaller effects on He and Ne saturations, which range from near zero to 0.2\% and 0.3\% respectively. With this information, we are able to refine our estimates of the magnitude of 3He and 4He excesses and the absolute 3He/4He ratio of non-atmospheric helium introduced into deep Pacific waters.},
	issn = {0304-4203},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2017.03.009},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304420316302353},
	author = {W. J. Jenkins and Dempsey E. Lott III and Christopher R. German and Kevin L. Cahill and Joanne Goudreau and Brett Longworth}
}
@article {2746,
	title = {Determining rates of sediment accumulation on the Mekong shelf: Timescales, steady-state assumptions, and radiochemical tracers},
	journal = {Continental Shelf Research},
	volume = {147},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-09-2017},
	pages = {182 - 196},
	abstract = {Thirty-two kasten cores, collected from the proximal Mekong continental shelf, have been analyzed for their excess 210Pb distributions in an effort to establish rates of sediment accumulation over the past 100 years. The length of the cores varied from 0.5 to 3 m, and stations sampled topset, foreset, and bottomset beds (water depths 7{\textendash}21 m). Apparent excess 210Pb sediment accumulation rates ranged from > 10 cm/y (no down-core decrease of excess activity over 300 cm core length) near the Song Hau river mouth, to 1{\textendash}3 cm/y in topset and foreset beds within 20{\textendash}50 km of the river mouth, to rates as low as 0.4 cm/y in cores from bottomset beds. The 210Pb sediment accumulation rates yield an overall sediment burial rate of 6.1 {\texttimes} 1013 g/y for the proximal deltaic deposits, which corresponds to 43\% of the total modern Mekong sediment burial on the southern Vietnam shelf (1.4 {\texttimes} 1014 g/y; based on our 210Pb and seismic data and 210Pb data from the literature). This shelf burial rate is in reasonable agreement with current long-term estimates of Mekong River sediment discharge (1.3{\textendash}1.6 {\texttimes} 1014 g/y) from the literature. The inventory of excess 210Pb in the proximal Mekong deltaic deposits indicates that the shoreward flow of offshore water (entrained during river/ocean mixing) is approximately twice the flow of the Mekong freshwater discharge. Organic-carbon 14C ages were measured on 10 cores from the proximal Mekong delta and compared to 210Pb sediment accumulation rates in the same core. The 210Pb accumulation rates in all 10 cores were considered to be more robust and accurate than the 14C geochronologies, primarily because of down-core variations in the source of organic carbon deposited on the seafloor (old terrestrial carbon versus younger marine carbon). Variations in the source of organic carbon accumulating in the seabed were resolved by measuring the δ13C value of the seabed organic carbon.},
	keywords = {14C geochronology, 210Pb geochronology, Deltaic sediment accumulation rates, Mekong delta, Mekong sediment budget},
	issn = {02784343},
	doi = {10.1016/j.csr.2017.06.011},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278434316306732},
	author = {DeMaster, D.J. and Liu, J.P. and Eidam, E. and Nittrouer, C.A. and Nguyen, T.T.}
}
@article {2778,
	title = {Divergent Evolution of Carbonaceous Aerosols during Dispersal of East Asian Haze},
	journal = {Scientific Reports},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-12-2017},
	abstract = {Wintertime East Asia is plagued by severe haze episodes, characterized by large contributions of carbonaceous aerosols. However, the sources and atmospheric transformations of these major components are poorly constrained, hindering development of efficient mitigation strategies and detailed modelling of effects. Here we present dual carbon isotope (δ13C and Δ14C) signatures for black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC) and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) aerosols collected in urban (Beijing and BC for Shanghai) and regional receptors (e.g., Korea Climate Observatory at Gosan) during January 2014. Fossil sources (>50\%) dominate BC at all sites with most stemming from coal combustion, except for Shanghai, where liquid fossil source is largest. During source-to-receptor transport, the δ13C fingerprint becomes enriched for WSOC but depleted for water-insoluble OC (WIOC). This reveals that the atmospheric processing of these two major pools are fundamentally different. The photochemical aging (e.g., photodissociation, photooxidation) during formation and transport can release CO2/CO or short-chain VOCs with lighter carbon, whereas the remaining WSOC becomes increasingly enriched in δ13C. On the other hand, several processes, e.g., secondary formation, rearrangement reaction in the particle phase, and photooxidation can influence WIOC. Taken together, this study highlights high fossil contributions for all carbonaceous aerosol sub-compartments in East Asia, and suggests different transformation pathways for different classes of carbonaceous aerosols.},
	doi = {10.1038/s41598-017-10766-4},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-10766-4},
	author = {Fang, Wenzheng and Andersson, August and Zheng, Mei and Lee, Meehye and Holmstrand, Henry and Kim, Sang-Woo and Du, Ke and Gustafsson, {\"O}rjan}
}
@article {2476,
	title = {Dynamics of marsh-mangrove ecotone since the mid-Holocene: A palynological study of mangrove encroachment and sea level rise in the Shark River Estuary, Florida},
	journal = {PLOS ONE},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Oct-03-2017},
	pages = {e0173670},
	abstract = {Sea level rise and the associated inland shift of the marsh-mangrove ecotone in south Florida have raised many scientific and management concerns in recent years. Holocene paleoecological records can provide an important baseline to shed light on the long-term dynamics of vegetation changes across this ecotone in the past, which is needed to predict the future. In this study, we present palynological, X-ray fluorescence, and loss-on ignition data from four sedimentary cores recovered from a 20-km marine-to-freshwater transect along the Shark River Estuary, southwest Everglades, to document the patterns and processes of coastal vegetation changes in response to sea level rise since the mid-Holocene. Our record indicates that freshwater marsh progressively replaced marl prairies at the Shark River Estuary between 5700 and 4400 cal yr BP. As marine transgression continued, marine influence reached the threshold necessary for mangroves to establish at the current mouth of the Shark River Slough at 3800 cal yr BP. During the next 3000 years, although sea level rise in the Western North Atlantic slowed down to 0.4 mm/yr, a spatial and temporal gradient was evident as the marsh-mangrove ecotone shifted inland by 20 km from 3800 to 800 cal yr BP, accompanied by a gradual landward replacement of freshwater marsh by mangrove forest. If sea level continues to rise at 2.33 mm/yr in the 21st century in south Florida, it is possible that marine influence will reach the threshold for mangroves to establish in the central Everglades, and we could expect a much more aggressive mangrove encroachment toward the northern and interior parts of south Florida in the next few centuries.},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0173670},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173670},
	author = {Yao, Qiang and Liu, Kam-biu},
	editor = {Magar, Vanesa}
}
@article {2827,
	title = {Equilibrium line altitudes along the Andes during the Last millennium: Paleoclimatic implications},
	journal = {The Holocene},
	volume = {27},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Feb-07-2018},
	pages = {1019 - 1033},
	abstract = {Deciphering the climate changes that influenced the glacial fluctuations of the last millennium requires documenting the spatial and temporal patterns of these glacial events. Here, we estimate the change in equilibrium line altitudes (ELAs) between the most prominent glacial advance of the last millennium and the present for four alpine glaciers located in different climatic regimes along the Andes. For each glacier, we reconstruct scenarios of climatic conditions (temperature and precipitation anomalies) that accommodate the observed ELA changes. We focus on the following glaciers: an alpine glacier in the Cordillera Vilcanota (13{\textdegree}S), Tapado glacier (30{\textdegree}S), Cipreses glacier (34{\textdegree}S), and Tranquilo glacier (47{\textdegree}S). Our results show that the range of possible temperature and precipitation anomalies that accommodate the observed ELA changes overlap significantly at three of the four sites (i.e. Vilcanota, Cipreses, and Tranquilo). Only Tapado glacier exhibits a set of climate anomalies that differs from the other three sites. Assuming no change in precipitation, the estimated ELA changes require a cooling of at least 0.7{\textdegree}C in the Cordillera Vilcanota, 1.0{\textdegree}C at Tapado glacier, 0.6{\textdegree}C at Cipreses glacier, and 0.7{\textdegree}C at Tranquilo glacier. Conversely, assuming no change in temperature, the estimated ELA changes are explained by increases in precipitation exceeding 0.52 m yr-1 (64\% of the annual precipitation) in the Cordillera Vilcanota, 0.31 m yr-1 (89\%) at Tapado glacier, 0.22 m yr-1 (27\%) at Cipreses glacier, and 0.3 m yr-1 (27\%) at Tranquilo glacier. By mapping the ELA changes and modeling the potential climate forcing across diverse climate settings, we aim to contribute toward documenting the spatial variability of climate conditions during the last millennium, a key step to decipher the mechanisms underlying the glacial fluctuation that occurred during this period.},
	keywords = {Andes, equilibrium line altitude, glacial fluctuations, glacial reconstruction, Holocene, last millennium},
	issn = {0959-6836},
	doi = {10.1177/0959683616678458},
	url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0959683616678458},
	author = {Sagredo, Esteban A and Lowell, Thomas V and Kelly, Meredith A and Rupper, Summer and Aravena, Juan Carlos and Ward, Dylan J and Malone, Andrew GO}
}
@article {2571,
	title = {Evidence for coseismic subsidence events in a southern California coastal saltmarsh},
	journal = {Scientific Reports},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Aug-03-2018},
	pages = {44615},
	abstract = {Paleoenvironmental records from a southern California coastal saltmarsh reveal evidence for repeated late Holocene coseismic subsidence events. Field analysis of sediment gouge cores established discrete lithostratigraphic units extend across the wetland. Detailed sediment analyses reveal abrupt changes in lithology, percent total organic matter, grain size, and magnetic susceptibility. Microfossil analyses indicate that predominantly freshwater deposits bury relic intertidal deposits at three distinct depths. Radiocarbon dating indicates that the three burial events occurred in the last 2000 calendar years. Two of the three events are contemporaneous with large-magnitude paleoearthquakes along the Newport-Inglewood/Rose Canyon fault system. From these data, we infer that during large magnitude earthquakes a step-over along the fault zone results in the vertical displacement of an approximately 5-km2 area that is consistent with the footprint of an estuary identified in pre-development maps. These findings provide insight on the evolution of the saltmarsh, coseismic deformation and earthquake recurrence in a wide area of southern California, and sensitive habitat already threatened by eustatic sea level rise.},
	keywords = {Geomorphology, Natural hazards, Structural geology, tectonics},
	doi = {10.1038/srep44615},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/srep44615},
	author = {Leeper, Robert and Rhodes, Brady and Kirby, Matthew and Scharer, Katherine and Carlin, Joseph and Hemphill-Haley, Eileen and Avnaim-Katav, Simona and MacDonald, Glen and Starratt, Scott and Aranda, Angela}
}
@article {Kemp201713,
	title = {Extended late Holocene relative sea-level histories for North Carolina, \{USA\}},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {160},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {13 - 30},
	abstract = {Abstract We produced \~{}3000-year long relative sea-level (RSL) histories for two sites in North Carolina (USA) using foraminifera preserved in new and existing cores of dated salt-marsh sediment. At Cedar Island, \{RSL\} rose by \~{}2.4~m during the past \~{}3000 years compared to \~{}3.3~m~at Roanoke Island. This spatial difference arises primarily from differential \{GIA\} that caused late Holocene \{RSL\} rise to be 0.1{\textendash}0.2~mm/yr faster at Roanoke Island than at Cedar Island. However, a non-linear difference in \{RSL\} between the two study regions (particularly from \~{}0 \{CE\} to \~{}1250 CE) indicates that additional local- to regional-scale processes drove centennial-scale \{RSL\} change in North Carolina. Therefore, the Cedar Island and Roanoke Island records should be considered as independent of one another. Between-site differences on sub-millennial timescales cannot be adequately explained by non-stationary tides, sediment compaction, or local sediment dynamics. We propose that a period of accelerating \{RSL\} rise from \~{}600 \{CE\} to 1100 \{CE\} that is present at Roanoke Island (and other sites north of Cape Hatteras at least as far as Connecticut), but absent at Cedar Island (and other sites south of Cape Hatteras at least as far as northeastern Florida) is a local-to regional-scale effect of dynamic ocean and/or atmospheric circulation.},
	keywords = {Salt marsh},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.01.012},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379116304759},
	author = {Andrew C. Kemp and Jessica J. Kegel and Stephen J. Culver and Donald C. Barber and David J. Mallinson and Eduardo Leorri and Christopher E. Bernhardt and Niamh Cahill and Stanley R. Riggs and Anna L. Woodson and Ryan P. Mulligan and Benjamin P. Horton}
}
@article {2450,
	title = {The Growth Stop Phenomenon Of Baobabs (Adansonia Spp.) Identified By Radiocarbon DatingAbstract},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {59504754164661},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-04-2017},
	pages = {435 - 448},
	abstract = {The article reports the growth stop phenomenon, which was documented only for baobabs, i.e. for trees belonging to the Adansonia genus. The identification of growth stop was enabled by radiocarbon dating, which allows a complex investigation of samples collected from the trunk/stems of baobabs. In several cases, the outermost rings of baobabs, which were close to the bark, were found to be old, with ages of several hundreds of years, instead of being very young. Dating results of samples collected from six baobabs are presented. For multistemmed baobabs, the growth stop may occur only for one or several stems. We identified four factors that may induce the growth stop: (i) stress determined by severe climate conditions, (ii) old age, (iii) the need to keep a stable internal architecture, and (iv) the collapse of stems that survive this trauma. Baobabs and their stems affected by growth stop may survive for several centuries, by continuing to produce leaves, flowers, and fruits. This phenomenon was associated with the capacity of baobabs to store large amounts of water in their trunks/stems in the rainy season. This reservoir of water is used during the dry season and allows the trees to survive prolonged drought periods.},
	keywords = {Age determination, AMS, growth stop, Radiocarbon dating, tropical trees},
	issn = {0033-8222},
	doi = {10.1017/RDC.2016.92},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033822216000928/type/journal_articlehttps://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0033822216000928},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Woodborne, Stephan and von Reden, Karl F and Hall, Grant and Patrut, Roxana T and Rakosy, Laszlo and Danthu, Pascal and Pock-Tsy, Jean-Michel Leong and Lowy, Daniel A and Margineanu, Dragos}
}
@article {2528,
	title = {A high resolution record of rare earth element compositional changes from the mud deposit on the inner shelf of the East China Sea: Implications for paleoenvironmental changes},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-01-2017},
	abstract = {A paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the East China Sea (ECS) is presented using rare earth element (REE) analysis of sediments from Core MZ02, which was retrieved from the inner continental shelf{\textquoteright}s mud area. The analytic results show that the total REEs in the fine sediment vary between 137.76 μg/g and 231.53 μg/g with an average value of 187.69 μg/g. Obvious changes were found during the process of sedimentation. By comparing with the REE compositions from the potential provenances, the ratios of (La/Sm)ucc and (Gd/Yb)ucc revealed that the sediments were mainly derived from river detrital outputs of the Changjiang (Yangtze River), Minjiang and mountainous rivers from western Taiwan Island. The contributions of terrestrial materials from these three main provenances were controlled by sea level change and the Taiwan Warm Current (TWC)-Chinese Coastal Current (CCC) system, which is mainly driven by the East Asian monsoon. The high sedimentation rate during the transgression period between the late Pleistocene and early Holocene (13000{\textendash}9800 a B.P.) was caused by a well-proportioned mixed provenance from Changjiang, western Taiwanese rivers and Minjiang sediments, due to the lower sea level and the location of the foreshore-nearshore face. Because of the stronger sediment reworking and erosion at the shelf edge during the early Holocene (9800{\textendash}7300 a B.P.), the strengthening summer East Asian monsoon transported the Minjiang and western Taiwanese river material northeastward, and it became the main sediment source for fine sediments in the shallow sea region of the ECS, while the Changjiang provided a relatively minor amount of detrital sediment to the shelf. The increasing strength of the TWC might have played an important role in sediment dispersal and deposition on the ECS inner shelf during the period 7300{\textendash}3500 a B.P., thus mountainous river material became the dominant sediment on the shelf of the ECS. Furthermore, the results indicate that the East Asian monsoon and the weakening of the TWC were linked to an abrupt increase in Changjiang-derived terrigenous detritus material since 3500 a B.P.; the source and sink pattern during this period is consistent with the modern sedimentation environment.},
	keywords = {East China Sea, Mud deposit, Paleoenvironmental, Provenance, Rare earth element, Sediment},
	issn = {10406182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2016.09.056},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2016.09.056},
	author = {Mi, Beibei and Liu, Shengfa and Shi, Xuefa and Li, Xiaoyan and Pan, Hui-Juan and Chen, Min-Te and Wang, Xuchen}
}
@article {2529,
	title = {Holocene climate and environmental history of East Greenland inferred from lake sediments},
	journal = {Journal of Paleolimnology},
	volume = {57},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-04-2017},
	pages = {321 - 341},
	abstract = {Prediction of future Arctic climate and environmental changes, as well as associated ice-sheet behavior, requires placing present-day warming and reduced ice extent into a long-term context. Here we present a record of Holocene climate and glacier fluctuations inferred from the paleolimnology of small lakes near Istorvet ice cap in East Greenland. Calibrated radiocarbon dates of organic remains indicate deglaciation of the region before ~10,500 years BP, after which time the ice cap receded rapidly to a position similar to or less extensive than present, and lake sediments shifted from glacio-lacustrine clay to relatively organic-rich gyttja. The lack of glacio-lacustrine sediments throughout most of the record suggests that the ice cap was similar to or smaller than present throughout most of the Holocene. This restricted ice extent suggests that climate was similar to or warmer than present, in keeping with other records from Greenland that indicate a warm early and middle Holocene. Middle Holocene magnetic susceptibility oscillations, with a ~200-year frequency in one of the lakes, may relate to solar influence on local catchment processes. Following thousands of years of restricted extent, Istorvet ice cap advanced to within 365 m of its late Holocene limit at ~AD 1150. Variability in the timing of glacial and climate fluctuations, as well as of sediment organic content changes among East Greenland lacustrine records, may be a consequence of local factors, such as elevation, continentality, water depth, turbidity, and seabirds, and highlights the need for a detailed spatial array of datasets to address questions about Holocene climate change.},
	keywords = {De Vries cycle, Glacially fed lakes, Greenland, Holocene, Paleoclimate},
	issn = {0921-2728},
	doi = {10.1007/s10933-017-9951-5},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10933-017-9951-5},
	author = {Lusas, Amanda R. and Hall, Brenda L. and Lowell, Thomas V. and Kelly, Meredith A. and Bennike, Ole and Levy, Laura B. and Honsaker, William}
}
@article {2601,
	title = {Holocene temperatures and isotopes of precipitation in Northwest Greenland recorded in lacustrine organic materials},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {170},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-08-2017},
	pages = {45 - 55},
	abstract = {Reconstructions of Holocene lake water isotopic composition based upon subfossil aquatic organic material offer new insights into Arctic
climate. We present quantitative estimates of warmth during the Holocene Thermal Maximum in northwest Greenland, inferred from oxygen isotopes of chironomid head capsules and aquatic moss preserved in lake sediments. delta O-18 values of chironomids from surface sediments of multiple Greenland lakes indicate that these subfossil remains record the delta O-18 values of the lake water in which they grow. Our lake water delta O-18 reconstruction is supported by downcore agreement with delta O-18 values in aquatic moss and chironomid remains. delta O-18 of both organic materials from Secret Lake decrease after 4 ka (ka = thousands of years ago) by 3 parts per thousand into the Neoglacial. We argue that lake water at Secret Lake primarily reflects precipitation delta O-18 values, which is strongly correlated with air temperature in NW Greenland, and that this signal is biased towards summer and early autumn conditions. Other factors may have influenced Secret Lake delta O-18 values through the Holocene, including evaporation of lake water and changing seasonality and source of precipitation. The maximum early Holocene summer and early autumn-biased temperature anomaly at Secret Lake is 2.5-4 degrees C warmer than present from 7.7 (the beginning of our record) to similar to 6 ka. The maximum late Holocene cold anomaly (which includes the Little Ice Age) is 1.5-3 degrees C colder than present. These ranges of possible temperature anomalies reflect uncertainty in the delta O-18 temperature relationship for precipitation at the study site through the Holocene. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Chironomids, Greenland, Holocene, paleoclimatology, paleolimnology, Stable isotopes},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.06.016},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379116305650http://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0277379116305650?httpAccept=text/xmlhttp://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0277379116305650?httpAccept=text/plain},
	author = {Lasher, G. Everett and Axford, Yarrow and McFarlin, Jamie M. and Kelly, Meredith A. and Osterberg, Erich C. and Berkelhammer, Max B.}
}
@article {Naranjo2017109,
	title = {Holocene tephra succession of Puyehue-Cord{\'o}n Caulle and Antillanca/Casablanca volcanic complexes, southern Andes (40{\textendash}41{\textdegree}S)},
	journal = {Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research},
	volume = {332},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {109 - 128},
	abstract = {Abstract Puyehue-Cord{\'o}n Caulle and Antillanca volcanic complexes are two of at least 50 active frontal arc volcanoes that define the 1400 km-long Southern Volcanic Zone of Chile. Holocene tephra deposits in Chile and Argentina (40{\textendash}41{\textdegree}S) up to 100 km east of these volcanoes comprise at least five voluminous (~ 1 to ~ 8 km3) pyroclastic-fall layers that preceded several recently deposited Cord{\'o}n Caulle pumice fallouts. Field observations of proximal, medium, and distal facies of the deposits, in conjunction with geochronology and geochemistry of the volcanic complexes, indicate that three fall layers are derived from Puyehue volcano (Puyehue 1 and 2, and Mil Hojas), whereas two are sourced from the Antillanca complex (Playas Blanca-Negra, and Nahuel Huapi Tephra), 20 km to the south. The oldest tephra (calibrated 14C age 10.49 {\textpm} 0.12 ka, 2σ), found only at medium-distal facies, is deposited directly on granitic moraine boulders and consists of deeply weathered, orange dacitic pumice lapilli. The next prominent tephra at ~ 7 ka comprises dacitic pumice and its age is equivalent to a rhyodacitic dome exposed in the Puyehue summit crater. Above these deposits there are phases of a complex eruption consisting of a conspicuous compositionally-zoned tephra. It also comprises a pyroclastic density current, together with lithic rich and scoriaceous fallout deposits. Mineralogical, geochemical, and Sr isotope evidence, plus the isopach maps, confirm that this sequence of eruptive events is sourced from Antillanca at 1932 {\textpm} 68 yrBP. The total volume of this eruptive sequence exceeds 8 km3, making it the largest Holocene eruption from either volcanic complex. This eruption was likely responsible for the destruction of an ancestral Antillanca volcano and the formation of a 4.5 km diameter caldera. A distinctive younger unit in the region is a voluminous rhyodacitic pumice fall (calibrated 14C age 1.11 {\textpm} 0.07 ka), above which a series of several alternating dark lithic and pumice lapilli beds accumulated. Correlation with proximal deposits indicates that the 1.11 ka eruption was derived from Puyehue and destroyed ~ 3 km3 of rhyodacitic domes at this volcano summit. Historic explosive activity at the nascent Casablanca volcano and along Cord{\'o}n Caulle, including the 2011{\textendash}2012 eruption (~ 1 km3 of uncompacted pumice), the largest from this fissural zone, emphasizes an increased risk for volcanic hazards in central Chile and Argentina.},
	keywords = {Chile},
	issn = {0377-0273},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.11.017},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377027316301986},
	author = {J.A. Naranjo and B.S. Singer and B.R. Jicha and H. Moreno and L.E. Lara}
}
@article {2748,
	title = {Influence of the megathrust earthquake cycle on upper-plate deformation in the Cascadia forearc of Washington State, USA},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {45},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-11-2017},
	pages = {1051 - 1054},
	abstract = {The influence of subduction zone earthquake cycle processes on permanent forearc deformation is poorly understood. In the Cascadia subduction zone forearc of Washington State, USA, deformed and incised fluvial terraces serve as archives of longer-term (103{\textendash}104 yr) strain manifest as both fluvial incision and slip on upper-plate faults. We focus on comparing these geomorphic records in the Wynoochee River valley in the southern Olympic Mountains with short-term (101 yr) deformation driven by interseismic subduction zone coupling. We use optically stimulated luminescence dating and high-resolution elevation data to characterize strath terrace incision and differential uplift across the Canyon River fault, which cuts Wynoochee River terraces. This analysis demonstrates reverse slip rates of \~{}0.1{\textendash}0.3 mm/yr over the past \~{}12{\textendash}37 k.y., which agree with rates predicted by a GPS-constrained boundary element model of interseismic stress from Cascadia subduction zone coupling. Similarly, model-predicted patterns of interseismic uplift mimic the overall pattern of incision in the lower Wynoochee River valley, as revealed by strath elevations dated at 14.1 {\textpm} 1.2 ka. Agreement between modeled short-term and observed long-term records of forearc strain suggests that interseismic stress drives slip on upper-plate faults and fluvial incision in Cascadia. Consistency over multiple time scales may indicate relative stability in spatial patterns of subduction zone coupling over at least \~{}104 yr intervals.},
	issn = {0091-7613},
	doi = {10.1130/G39070.110.1130/2017323},
	url = {https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/geology_facpub/523/},
	author = {Delano, Jaime E. and Amos, Colin B. and Loveless, John P. and Rittenour, Tammy M. and Sherrod, Brian L. and Lynch, Emerson M.}
}
@article {2852,
	title = {Investigation of Late Pleistocene and Holocene Activity in the San Gregorio Fault Zone on the Continental Slope North of Monterey Canyon, Offshore Central California},
	journal = {Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America},
	volume = {107},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jun-06-2019},
	pages = {1094 - 1106},
	abstract = {We provide an extensive high-resolution geophysical, sediment core, and radiocarbon dataset to address late Pleistocene and Holocene fault activity of the San Gregorio fault zone (SGFZ), offshore central California. The SGFZ occurs primarily offshore in the San Andreas fault system and has been accommodating dextral strike-slip motion between the Pacific and North American plates since the mid-Miocene. Our study focuses on the SGFZ where it has been mapped through the continental slope north of Monterey Canyon. From 2009 to 2015, the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute collected high-resolution multibeam bathymetry and chirp sub-bottom profiles using an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). Targeted samples were collected using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to provide radiocarbon age constraints. We integrate the high-resolution geophysical data with radiocarbon dates to reveal Pleistocene seismic horizons vertically offset less than 5 m on nearly vertical faults. These faults are buried by continuous reflections deposited after \~{}17.5  ka and likely following erosion during the last sea-level lowstand \~{}21  ka⁠, bracketing the age of faulting to \~{}32{\textendash}21  ka⁠. Clearly faulted horizons are only detected in a small area where mass wasting exhumed older strata to within \~{}25  m of the seafloor. The lack of clearly faulted Holocene deposits and possible highly distributed faulting in the study area are consistent with previous interpretations that late Pleistocene and Holocene activity along the SGFZ may decrease to the south. This study illustrates the complexity of the SGFZ, offshore central California, and demonstrates the utility of very high-resolution data from combined AUV (geophysical){\textendash}ROV (seabed sampling) surveys in offshore studies of fault activity.},
	issn = {0037-1106},
	doi = {10.1785/0120160261},
	url = {https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/bssa/article/107/3/1094-1106/354203},
	author = {Maier, Katherine L. and Paull, Charles K. and Brothers, Daniel S. and Caress, David W. and McGann, Mary and Lundsten, Eve M. and Anderson, Krystle and Gwiazda, Roberto}
}
@article {Tesi2017139,
	title = {Large-scale response of the Eastern Mediterranean thermohaline circulation to African monsoon intensification during sapropel S1 formation},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {159},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {139 - 154},
	abstract = {Abstract The formation of Eastern Mediterranean sapropels has periodically occurred during intensification of northern hemisphere monsoon precipitation over North Africa. However, the large-scale response of the Eastern Mediterranean thermohaline circulation during these monsoon-fuelled freshening episodes is poorly constrained. Here, we investigate the formation of the youngest sapropel (S1) along an across-slope transect in the Adriatic Sea. Foraminifera-based oxygen index, redox-sensitive elements and biogeochemical parameters reveal {\textendash} for the first time {\textendash} that the Adriatic \{S1\} was synchronous with the deposition of south-eastern Mediterranean \{S1\} beds. Proxies of paleo thermohaline currents indicate that the bottom-hugging North Adriatic Dense Water (NAdDW) suddenly decreased at the sapropel onset simultaneously with the maximum freshening of the Levantine Sea during the African Humid Period. We conclude that the lack of the {\textquotedblleft}salty{\textquotedblright} Levantine Intermediate Water hampered the preconditioning of the northern Adriatic waters necessary for the \{NAdDW\} formation prior to the winter cooling. Consequently, a weak \{NAdDW\} limited in turn the Eastern Mediterranean Deep Water (EMDWAdriatic) formation with important consequences for the ventilation of the Ionian basin as well. Our results highlight the importance of the Adriatic for the deep water ventilation and the interdependence among the major eastern Mediterranean water masses whose destabilization exerted first-order control on \{S1\} deposition.},
	keywords = {Thermohaline circulation},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.01.020},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379116304012},
	author = {T. Tesi and A. Asioli and D. Minisini and V. Maselli and G. Dalla Valle and F. Gamberi and L. Langone and A. Cattaneo and P. Montagna and F. Trincardi}
}
@article {2814,
	title = {Micromorphology of late Pleistocene and Holocene sediments and a new interpretation of the Holocene chronology at Anderson Pond, Tennessee, USAAbstract},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {87},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-01-2017},
	pages = {82 - 95},
	abstract = {Thin-section (micromorphological) analysis of samples from the upper 1.5 m of a core obtained in 2007 from Anderson Pond, Tennessee, reveals a coherent but discontinuous record of late Pleistocene and Holocene climate change that supports some interpretations from previous pollen and charcoal analyses but indicates a revised Holocene chronology for this classic pollen site. Legacy sediments recording anthropogenic disturbance compose the upper 65 cm of the core (<160 cal yr BP) and are characterized by mixed, darker-colored, and coarser-grained deposits containing reworked soil aggregates, which sharply overlie finer-grained and lighter-colored, rooted middle Holocene sediments interpreted as a paleosol. These mid-Holocene sediments (95{\textendash}65 cm; 7100{\textendash}5600 cal yr BP) record extensive warm-dry subaerial soil conditions during the middle Holocene thermal maximum, manifested by illuviated clay lining root pores, and also contain abundant charcoal. Late Pleistocene sediments (150{\textendash}95 cm), dark-colored and organic-rich, record open-water conditions and include siliceous aggregate grains at 143{\textendash}116 cm (14,300{\textendash}13,900 cal yr BP), recording intense fires. Thin sections are not commonly used in studies of paleoclimate from Quaternary lacustrine sediments, but we advocate for their inclusion in multianalytical approaches because they enhance resolution of depositional and pedogenic processes.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1017/qua.2016.6},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033589416000065/type/journal_article},
	author = {Driese, Steven G. and Horn, Sally P. and Ballard, Joanne P. and Boehm, Mathew S. and Li, Zhenghua}
}
@article {2798,
	title = {Millennial mode of variability of sea ice conditions in the Okhotsk Sea during the last glaciation (MIS 4{\textendash}MIS 2)},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	volume = {459},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-11-2017},
	pages = {187 - 200},
	abstract = {Coarse fraction (CF) content, grain-size distribution, roundness of CF, gravels and pebbles, and examination of surface of pebbles were studied in core LV28-44-4, recovered from the eastern Okhotsk Sea (OS). The age model of the studied core was based on the AMS 14C data, tephrochronology, δ18O benthic foraminifera record, and correlation of peaks of productivity proxies with long-lasted Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) interstadials. The results show that sea ice was the main transport agent for CF (ice-rafted debris, IRD) in the eastern OS. Published mineralogical studies of clastic material of the OS indicated that the coast of western Kamchatka was the main source of IRD in the eastern OS. We found 19 peaks of IRD, which mostly coincided with DO stadials. The distribution of CF indicates a different pattern of IRD supply during MIS 4, 3, and 2. Comparison of IRD records in the eastern and central parts of the OS allow us to reconstruct millennial changes in ice and wind modes for MIS 4{\textendash}MIS 2. Significant strengthening of northeastern and eastern winds during DOSs of MIS 3 and of northern and north-western winds during MIS 2 were observed.},
	keywords = {Ice mode, Ice-rafted debris, Millennial-scale variation, Okhotsk Sea, Wind mode},
	issn = {10406182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2017.09.039},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1040618216313258},
	author = {Vasilenko, Yuriy P. and Gorbarenko, Sergey A. and Bosin, Aleksandr A. and Shi, Xue-fa and Chen, Min-Te and Zou, Jian-jun and Liu, Yan-guang and Artemova, Antonina V. and Yanchenko, Elena A. and Savenko, Mikhail P.}
}
@article {2809,
	title = {Millennial-scale iron fertilization of the eastern equatorial Pacific over the past 100,000 years},
	journal = {Nature Geoscience},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-10-2017},
	pages = {760 - 764},
	abstract = {The eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean plays a crucial role in global climate, as it is a substantial source of CO2 to the atmosphere and accounts for a significant portion of global new export productivity. Here we present a 100,000-year sediment core from the eastern equatorial Pacific, and reconstruct dust flux, export productivity and bottom-water oxygenation using excess-230Th-derived fluxes of 232Th and barium, and authigenic uranium concentrations, respectively. We find that during the last glacial period (71,000 to 41,000 years ago), increased delivery of dust to the eastern equatorial Pacific was coeval with North Atlantic Heinrich stadial events. Millennial-scale pulses of increased dust flux coincided with episodes of heightened biological productivity, suggesting that dissolution of dust released iron that promoted ocean fertilization. We also find that periods of low atmospheric CO2 concentrations were associated with suboxic conditions and increased storage of respired carbon in the deep eastern equatorial Pacific. Increases in CO2 concentrations during the deglaciation are coincident with increases in deep Pacific and Southern Ocean water oxygenation levels. We suggest that deep-ocean ventilation was a primary control on CO2 outgassing in this region, with superimposed pulses of high productivity providing a negative feedback.},
	issn = {1752-0894},
	doi = {10.1038/ngeo3024},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/ngeo3024},
	author = {Loveley, Matthew R. and Marcantonio, Franco and Wisler, Marilyn M. and Hertzberg, Jennifer E. and Schmidt, Matthew~W. and Lyle, Mitchell}
}
@article {Luo2017,
	title = {More reducing bottom-water redox conditions during the Last Glacial Maximum in the southern Challenger Deep (Mariana Trench, western Pacific) driven by enhanced productivity},
	journal = {Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {-},
	abstract = {Abstract The modern southern Mariana Trench is characterized by oligotrophic surface waters, resulting in low primary productivity and well-oxygenated bottom waters. This study investigates changes in the redox conditions of bottom waters in the southern Mariana Trench during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and their potential causes. We measured major, trace, and rare earth elements (REE) in three gravity cores (GC03, GC04, and GC05) and one box core (BC11) retrieved from the southern Challenger Deep at water depths from 5289 to 7118 m. The upper sediment layers of both \{GC05\} and \{BC11\} are dominated by valve fragments of the giant diatom Ethmodiscus rex, forming laminated diatom mats (LDMs). 14C-AMS dates of bulk organic matter show that the \{LDMs\} accumulated between 18.4 and 21.8 kyr B.P., corresponding to the LGM. Modest enrichments of U and Mo along with weak or absent Ce anomalies in the \{LDM\} point to suboxic conditions during the LGM. In contrast, non-LDM samples exhibit little to no enrichment of redox-sensitive elements as well as negative Ce anomalies, indicating deposition under oxic bottom-water conditions. The Ce anomalies are considered valid proxies for bottom-water redox conditions because \{REE\} signatures were acquired in the early diagenetic environment, as indicated by strong P-REE correlations and middle-REE enrichment associated with early diagenetic cycling of Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides in the sediment column followed by capture of the \{REE\} signal by biogenic and/or authigenic apatite. We postulate that the more reducing bottom-water conditions during the \{LGM\} were linked to increased primary productivity induced by enhanced Asian dust input. As shown in earlier studies, the increased primary productivity associated with Ethmodiscus rex blooms in the eastern Philippine Sea played a significant role in capturing atmospheric \{CO2\} during the LGM. Consequently, the magnitude of atmospheric \{CO2\} sequestration by giant diatom blooms during the \{LGM\} may have been greater than previously envisaged.},
	keywords = {Laminated diatom mats},
	issn = {0967-0645},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.01.006},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967064516302892},
	author = {Min Luo and Thomas J. Algeo and Hongpeng Tong and Joris Gieskes and Linying Chen and Xuefa Shi and Duofu Chen}
}
@book {2837,
	title = {Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery ProgramExpedition 357 methods},
	year = {2017},
	publisher = {International Ocean Discovery Program},
	organization = {International Ocean Discovery Program},
	doi = {10.14379/iodp.proc.357.102.2017},
	url = {http://publications.iodp.org/proceedings/357/357title.html},
	author = {Fr{\"u}h-Green, G.L. and Orcutt, B.N. and Green, S.L. and Cotterill, C. and Morgan, S. and Akizawa, N. and Bayrakci, G. and Behrmann, J.-H. and Boschi, C. and Brazleton, W.J. and Cannat, M. and Dunkel, K.G. and Escartin, J. and Harris, M. and Herrero-Bervera, E. and Hesse, K. and John, B.E. and Lang, S.Q. and Lilley, M.D. and Liu, H.-Q. and Mayhew, L.E. and McCaig, A.M. and Menez, B. and Morono, Y. and Qu{\'e}m{\'e}neur, M. and Roum{\'e}jon, S. and Sandaruwan Ratnayake, A. and Schrenk, M.O. and Schwarzenbach, E.M. and Twing, K.I. and Weis, D. and Whattham, S.A. and Williams, M. and Zhao, R.},
	editor = {Fr{\"u}h-Green, G.L. and Orcutt, B.N. and Green, S.L. and Cotterill, C.}
}
@article {2509,
	title = {Quantifying bamboo coral growth rate nonlinearity with the radiocarbon bomb spike: A new model for paleoceanographic chronology development},
	journal = {Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-04-2017},
	abstract = {Bamboo corals, long-lived cold water gorgonin octocorals, offer unique paleoceanographic archives of the intermediate ocean. These Isididae corals are characterized by alternating gorgonin nodes and high Mg-calcite internodes, which synchronously extend radially. Bamboo coral calcite internodes have been utilized to obtain geochemical proxy data, however, growth rate uncertainty has made it difficult to construct precise chronologies for these corals. Previous studies have relied upon a single tie point from records of the anthropogenic Δ14C bomb spike preserved in the gorgonin nodes of live-collected corals to calculate a mean radial extension rate for the outer ~50 years of skeletal growth. Bamboo coral chronologies are typically constructed by applying this mean extension rate to the entire coral record, assuming constant radial extension with coral age. In this study, we aim to test this underlying assumption by analyzing the organic nodes of six California margin bamboo corals at high enough resolution (<0.5 mm) to identify the Δ14C bomb spike, including two tie points at 1957 and 1970, plus the coral collection date (2007.5) for four samples. Radial extension rates between tie points ranged from 10 to 204 {\textmu}m/year, with a decrease in growth rate evident between the 1957{\textendash}1970 and 1970{\textendash}2007.5 periods for all four corals. A negative correlation between growth rate and coral radius (r =-0.7; p=0.04) was determined for multiple bamboo coral taxa and individuals from the California margin, demonstrating a decline in radial extension rate with specimen age and size. To provide a mechanistic basis for these observations, a simple mathematical model was developed based on the assumption of a constant increase in circular cross sectional area with time to quantify this decline in radial extension rate with coral size between chronological tie points. Applying the area-based model to our Δ14C bomb spike time series from individual corals improves chronology accuracy for all live-collected corals with complete Δ14C bomb spikes. Hence, this study provides paleoceanographers utilizing bamboo corals with a method for reducing age model uncertainty within the anthropogenic bomb spike era (~1957-present). Chronological uncertainty is larger for the earliest portion of coral growth, particularly for skeleton precipitated prior to bomb spike tie points, meaning age estimations for samples living before 1957 remain uncertain. Combining this technique with additional chronological markers could improve age models for an entire bamboo coral. Finally, the relative consistency in growth rate in similarly-aged corals of the same depth and location supports the hypothesis that skeletal growth may be limited by local environmental conditions.},
	keywords = {14C nuclear bomb spike, Bamboo coral, Chronologies, Gorgonin, Growth rate, paleoceanography, radiocarbon},
	issn = {09670637},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dsr.2017.04.006},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2017.04.006},
	author = {Frenkel, M.M. and LaVigne, M. and Miller, H.R. and Hill, T.M. and McNichol, A. and Gaylord, M. Lardie}
}
@article {2889,
	title = {Sedimentary record from the Canada Basin, Arctic Ocean: implications for late to middle Pleistocene glacial history},
	journal = {Climate of the Past},
	volume = {13},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-01-2017},
	pages = {511 - 531},
	abstract = {ediment core ARC4-BN05 collected from the Canada Basin, Arctic Ocean, covers the late to middle Quaternary (Marine Isotope Stage {\textendash} MIS {\textendash} 1{\textendash}15, ca. 0.5{\textendash}0.6 Ma) as estimated by correlation to earlier proposed Arctic Ocean stratigraphies and AMS14C dating of the youngest sediments. Detailed examination of clay and bulk mineralogy along with grain size, content of Ca and Mn, and planktic foraminiferal numbers in core ARC4{\textendash}BN05 provides important new information about sedimentary environments and provenance. We use increased contents of coarse debris as an indicator of glacier collapse events at the margins of the western Arctic Ocean, and identify the provenance of these events from mineralogical composition. Notably, peaks of dolomite debris, including large dropstones, track the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) discharge events to the Arctic Ocean. Major LIS inputs occurred during the stratigraphic intervals estimated as MIS 3, intra-MIS 5 and 7 events, MIS 8, and MIS 10. Inputs from the East Siberian Ice Sheet (ESIS) are inferred from peaks of smectite, kaolinite, and chlorite associated with coarse sediment. Major ESIS sedimentary events occurred in the intervals estimated as MIS 4, MIS 6 and MIS 12. Differences in LIS vs. ESIS inputs can be explained by ice-sheet configurations at different sea levels, sediment delivery mechanisms (iceberg rafting, suspension plumes, and debris flows), and surface circulation. A long-term change in the pattern of sediment inputs, with an apparent step change near the estimated MIS 7{\textendash}8 boundary (ca. 0.25 Ma), presumably indicates an overall glacial expansion at the western Arctic margins, especially in North America.},
	doi = {10.5194/cp-13-511-2017},
	url = {https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/13/511/2017/},
	author = {Dong, Linsen and Liu, Yanguang and Shi, Xuefa and Polyak, Leonid and Huang, Yuanhui and Fang, Xisheng and Liu, Jianxing and Zou, Jianjun and Wang, Kunshan and Sun, Fuqiang and Wang, Xuchen}
}
@article {2750,
	title = {Sub-ice shelf sediment geochronology utilizing novel radiocarbon methodology for highly detrital sediments},
	journal = {Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-04-2017},
	pages = {1404 - 1418},
	abstract = {Sub-ice shelf sediments near Larsen C ice shelf (LIS-C) show fine-scale rhythmic laminations that could provide a near-continuous seasonal-resolution record of regional ice mass changes. Despite the great potential of these sediments, a dependable Late Quaternary chronology is difficult to generate, rendering the record incomplete. As with many marginal Antarctic sediments, in the absence of preserved carbonate microfossils, the reliability of radiocarbon chronologies depends on presence of high proportions of autochthonous organic carbon with minimized detrital organic carbon. Consequently, acid insoluble organic (AIO) 14C dating works best where high productivity drives high sediment accumulation rates, but can be problematic in condensed sequences with high proportions of detrital organic carbon. Ramped PyrOx 14C dating has progressively been shown to improve upon AIO 14C dates, to the point of matching foraminiferal carbonate 14C dates, through differential thermochemical degradation of organic components within samples. But in highly detrital sediments, proportions of contemporaneously deposited material are too low to fully separate autochthonous organic carbon from detrital carbon in samples large enough to 14C date. We introduce two modifications of the Ramped PyrOx 14C approach applied to highly detrital sediments near LIS-C to maximize accuracy by utilizing ultra-small fractions of the highly detrital AIO material. With minimization of the uncertainty cost, these techniques allow us to generate chronologies for cores that would otherwise go undated, pushing the limits of radiocarbon dating to regions and facies with high proportions of pre-aged detritus. Wider use of these techniques will enable more coordinated a priori coring efforts to constrain regional glacial responses to rapid warming where sediments had previously been thought too difficult to date.},
	doi = {10.1002/2016GC006578},
	url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2016GC006578},
	author = {Subt, C. and Yoon, H. I. and Yoo, K. C. and Lee, J. I. and Leventer, A. and Domack, E. W. and Rosenheim, B. E.}
}
@article {2610,
	title = {Timing and magnitude of early to middle Holocene warming in East Greenland inferred from chironomids},
	journal = {Boreas},
	volume = {4611126123715949514747452279282108875423653331285492025312166523481473253855431029263383391243655482254028102024461441564827316},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-10-2017},
	pages = {678 - 687},
	abstract = {Much of Greenland experienced summers warmer than present in parts of the early to middle Holocene, during a precession-driven positive anomaly in summer insolation. However, the magnitude of that warmth remains poorly known, and its timing and spatial pattern are uncertain. Here we describe the first quantitative Holocene palaeotemperature reconstruction from central East Greenland based upon insect (chironomid) assemblages preserved in lake sediments. We postulate that landscapes like our study site, characterized by minimal soil and vegetation development through the Holocene and thus little influenced by some important secondary gradients, are especially well suited to the use of chironomids to reconstruct Holocene temperatures. The inferred timing of warmth at our study site near Scoresby Sund agrees well with other nearby evidence, including glacial geological reconstructions and temperatures inferred from precipitation isotopes at Renland ice cap, supporting the use of chironomids to reconstruct temperatures at this site. We infer highest temperatures from c. 10 to 5.5 ka, followed by gradual cooling after 5.5 ka and progressively colder and less productive conditions after 3.5 ka. Models based upon two independent training sets yield similar inferred temperature trends, and suggest an average summer temperature anomaly from c. 10 to 5.5 ka of 3 to 4 {\textdegree}C relative to the preindustrial last millennium. The estimated overall rate of Neoglacial cooling averaged over the period from 5.5 to 0.5 ka was 0.6 to 0.8 {\textdegree}C per thousand years, more than twice the rate previously estimated for the Arctic as a whole. Given strong apparent spatial variability in Holocene climate around the Arctic, and the utility of palaeoclimate data for improving climate and ice-sheet models, it should be a priority to further quantify past temperature changes around the margins of the Greenland Ice Sheet, where few quantitative reconstructions exist and future warming will affect global sea level. },
	doi = {10.1111/bor.2017.46.issue-410.1111/bor.12247},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/bor.12247},
	author = {Axford, Yarrow and Levy, Laura B. and Kelly, Meredith A. and Francis, Donna R. and Hall, Brenda L. and Langdon, Peter G. and Lowell, Thomas V.},
	editor = {{\'\i}nguez-Rodrigo, M. and Baquedano, E. and Mabulla, A. and {\'\i}n, F. and Egeland, C. P.}
}
@article {2783,
	title = {Trends in catchment processes and lake evolution during the late-glacial and early- to mid-Holocene inferred from high-resolution XRF data in the Yellowstone region},
	journal = {Journal of Paleolimnology},
	volume = {58},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-12-2017},
	pages = {551 - 569},
	abstract = {High-resolution records of geochemical data from four lakes in the Greater Yellowstone region were used to investigate watershed and lake history during the late-glacial and early-Holocene periods. Clastic input to regional lakes was high and variable during the early stages of lake development, when the surrounding landscape was geomorphically unstable and sparsely vegetated, and it decreased as vegetation gradually developed in each catchment. The decrease of clastic input was not regionally synchronous but occurred in a time-transgressive pattern from south to north. Long-term organic matter concentration and diatom production were inversely related to catchment erosion during the early stages of lake development and increased as temperatures warmed and in-lake nutrient concentrations increased. Similarly, calcite production usually was low following lake formation and increased over time, driven by climate change and its associated influences on lake-level, algal production, and lake thermal structure. Overall differences in the timing and pattern of geochemical change indicate that once the landscape had stabilized following deglaciation, changes in the geochemical character of the sediments were strongly influenced by local factors.},
	issn = {0921-2728},
	doi = {10.1007/s10933-017-9991-x},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10933-017-9991-x},
	author = {Lu, Yanbin and Fritz, Sherilyn C. and Stone, Jeffery R. and Krause, Teresa R. and Whitlock, Cathy and Brown, Erik T. and Benes, James V.}
}
@article {2828,
	title = {The tropical lapse rate steepened during the Last Glacial Maximum},
	journal = {Science Advances},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Mar-01-2019},
	pages = {e1600815},
	abstract = {The gradient of air temperature with elevation (the temperature lapse rate) in the tropics is predicted to become less steep during the coming century as surface temperature rises, enhancing the threat of warming in high-mountain environments. However, the sensitivity of the lapse rate to climate change is uncertain because of poor constraints on high-elevation temperature during past climate states. We present a 25,000-year temperature reconstruction from Mount Kenya, East Africa, which demonstrates that cooling during the Last Glacial Maximum was amplified with elevation and hence that the lapse rate was significantly steeper than today. Comparison of our data with paleoclimate simulations indicates that state-of-the-art models underestimate this lapse-rate change. Consequently, future high-elevation tropical warming may be even greater than predicted.},
	doi = {10.1126/sciadv.1600815},
	url = {https://advances.sciencemag.org/lookup/doi/10.1126/sciadv.1600815},
	author = {Loomis, Shannon E. and Russell, James M. and Verschuren, Dirk and Morrill, Carrie and De Cort, Gijs and Sinninghe Damst{\'e}, Jaap S. and Olago, Daniel and Eggermont, Hilde and Street-Perrott, F. Alayne and Kelly, Meredith A.}
}
@article {2902,
	title = {Two phases of the Holocene East African Humid Period: Inferred from a high-resolution geochemical record off Tanzania},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {460},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-02-2017},
	pages = {123 - 134},
	abstract = {During the Holocene, the most notably climatic change across the African continent is the African Humid Period (AHP), however the pace and primary forcing for this pluvial condition is still ambiguous, particularly in East Africa. We present a high-resolution marine sediment record off Tanzania to provide insights into the climatic conditions of inland East Africa during the Holocene. Major element ratios (i.e., log-ratios of Fe/Ca and Ti/Ca), derived from X-Ray Fluorescence scanning, have been employed to document variations in humidity in East Africa. Our results show that the AHP is represented by two humid phases: an intense humid period from the beginning of the Holocene to 8 ka (AHP I); and a moderate humid period spanning from 8 to 5.5 ka (AHP II). On the basis of our geochemical record and regime detection, the termination of the AHP initiated at 5.5 ka and ceased around 3.5 ka. Combined with other paleoclimatic records around East Africa, we suggest that the humid conditions in this region responded to Northern Hemisphere (NH) summer insolation. The AHP I and II might have been related to an eastward shift of the Congo Air Boundary and warmer conditions in the western Indian Ocean, which resulted in additional moisture being delivered from the Atlantic and Indian Oceans during the NH summer and autumn, respectively. We further note a drought event throughout East Africa north of 10{\textdegree}S around 8.2 ka, which may have been related to the southward migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone in response to the NH cooling event.},
	keywords = {African Humid Period, Congo Air Boundary, Holocene, Intertropical Convergence Zone, X-ray fluorescence scanner},
	issn = {0012821X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2016.12.016},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0012821X16307294},
	author = {Liu, Xiting and Rendle-B{\"u}hring, Rebecca and Kuhlmann, Holger and Li, Anchun}
}
@article {2576,
	title = {Age and growth of bluespine unicornfish (Naso unicornis): a half-century life-span for a keystone browser, with a novel approach to bomb radiocarbon dating in the Hawaiian Islands},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences},
	volume = {73},
	year = {2016},
	month = {Jan-10-2016},
	pages = {1575 - 1586},
	abstract = {Bluespine unicornfish (Naso unicornis) from Hawaii were aged to >50 years using cross-sectioned sagittal otoliths. Fish length was a poor indicator of age because of rapid and variable early growth, exemplified by fish aged to be 4 years near maximum length. Growth was deterministic with adult ages decoupled from body length. Otolith mass and thickness were evaluated as proxies for age and both were encouraging; thickness explained more variance but mass was easier to measure. An age estimation protocol was validated through ontogeny using bomb radiocarbon (14C) dating. Use of the postbomb 14C decline period from a regional reference chronology enabled age validation of young fish {\textemdash} a novel approach for the Pacific Ocean. A probabilistic procedure for assigning bomb 14C dates (CALIBomb) was used for the first time to determine fish birth years. The age-reading protocol was generally validated, and it was possible to describe length-at-age despite difficulties in counting otolith annuli beyond 30{\textendash}40 years. Growth curves differed between the sexes, and a four-parameter generalized von Bertalanffy growth function provided the best fit.},
	issn = {0706-652X},
	doi = {10.1139/cjfas-2016-0019},
	url = {http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/10.1139/cjfas-2016-0019},
	author = {Andrews, A.H. and DeMartini, Edward E. and Eble, Jeff A. and Taylor, Brett M. and Lou, Dong Chun and Humphreys, Robert L.}
}
@article {2539,
	title = {Age of the Mt.~Ortles ice cores, the Tyrolean Iceman and glaciation of the highest summit of South Tyrol since the Northern Hemisphere Climatic Optimum},
	journal = {The Cryosphere},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2016},
	month = {Jan-01-2016},
	pages = {2779 - 2797},
	abstract = {In  2011  four  ice  cores  were  extracted  from  the summit of Alto dell{\textquoteright}Ortles (3859 m), the highest glacier of South  Tyrol  in  the  Italian  Alps.  This  drilling  site  is  located only 37 km southwest from where the Tyrolean Iceman, \~{}5.3 kyrs old, was discovered emerging from the ablating ice field of Tisenjoch (3210 m, near the Italian{\textendash}Austrian border) in 1991. The excellent preservation of this mummy suggested that the Tyrolean Iceman was continuously embedded in prehistoric ice and that additional ancient ice was likely
preserved elsewhere in South Tyrol. Dating of the ice cores from Alto dell{\textquoteright}Ortles based on 210Pb, tritium, beta activity and 14C determinations, combined with an empirical model (COPRA), provides evidence for a chronologically ordered ice  stratigraphy  from  the  modern  glacier  surface  down  to the  bottom  ice  layers  with  an  age  of \~{}7 kyrs,  which  confirms  the  hypothesis.  Our  results  indicate  that  the  drilling site has continuously been glaciated on frozen bedrock since \~{}7 kyrs BP. Absence of older ice on the highest glacier of South Tyrol is consistent with the removal of basal ice from bedrock during the Northern Hemisphere Climatic Optimum (6{\textendash}9 kyrs BP),  the  warmest  interval  in  the  European  Alps during the Holocene. Borehole inclinometric measurements of  the  current  glacier  flow  combined  with  surface  ground penetration radar (GPR) measurements indicate that, due to the sustained atmospheric warming since the 1980s, an acceleration of the glacier Alto dell{\textquoteright}Ortles flow has just recently begun.  Given  the  stratigraphic chronological  continuity  of the Mt. Ortles cores over millennia, it can be argued that this behaviour has been unprecedented at this location since the Northern Hemisphere Climatic Optimum.},
	doi = {10.5194/tc-10-2779-2016},
	url = {http://www.the-cryosphere.net/10/2779/2016/tc-10-2779-2016.pdf},
	author = {Gabrielli, Paolo and Barbante, Carlo and Bertagna, Giuliano and {\'o}, Michele and Binder, Daniel and Carton, Alberto and Carturan, Luca and Cazorzi, Federico and Cozzi, Giulio and Dalla Fontana, Giancarlo and Davis, Mary and De Blasi, Fabrizio and Dinale, Roberto and {\`a}, Gianfranco and Dreossi, Giuliano and Festi, Daniela and Frezzotti, Massimo and Gabrieli, Jacopo and Galos, Stephan P. and Ginot, Patrick and Heidenwolf, Petra and Jenk, Theo M. and Kehrwald, Natalie and Kenny, Donald and Magand, Olivier and Mair, Volkmar and Mikhalenko, Vladimir and Lin, Ping Nan and Oeggl, Klaus and Piffer, Gianni and Rinaldi, Mirko and Schotterer, Ulrich and Schwikowski, Margit and Seppi, Roberto and Spolaor, Andrea and Stenni, Barbara and Tonidandel, David and Uglietti, Chiara and Zagorodnov, Victor and Zanoner, Thomas and Zennaro, Piero}
}
@article {1094,
	title = {AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Large Za Baobabs (Adansonia za) of Madagascar.},
	journal = {PLoS One},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2016},
	month = {2016},
	pages = {e0146977},
	abstract = {<p>The article reports the radiocarbon investigation of Anzapalivoro, the largest za baobab (Adansonia za) specimen of Madagascar and of another za, namely the Big cistern baobab. Several wood samples collected from the large inner cavity and from the outer part/exterior of the tree were investigated by AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) radiocarbon dating. For samples collected from the cavity walls, the age values increase with the distance into the wood up to a point of maximum age, after which the values decrease toward the outer part. This anomaly of age sequences indicates that the inner cavity of Anzapalivoro is a false cavity, practically an empty space between several fused stems disposed in a ring-shaped structure. The radiocarbon date of the oldest sample was 780 {\textpm} 30 bp, which corresponds to a calibrated age of around 735 yr. Dating results indicate that Anzapalivoro has a closed ring-shaped structure, which consists of 5 fused stems that close a false cavity. The oldest part of the biggest za baobab has a calculated age of 900 years. We also disclose results of the investigation of a second za baobab, the Big cistern baobab, which was hollowed out for water storage. This specimen, which consists of 4 fused stems, was found to be around 260 years old.</p>},
	keywords = {Adansonia, Calibration, Ecology, Forests, Geography, Madagascar, Mass Spectrometry, Radiometric Dating, Time Factors, Trees, Wood},
	issn = {1932-6203},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0146977},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Patrut, Roxana T and Danthu, Pascal and Leong Pock-Tsy, Jean-Michel and Rakosy, Laszlo and Lowy, Daniel A and von Reden, Karl F}
}
@article { ISI:000375679100005,
	title = {Carbon isotopic (C-14 and C-13) characterization of fossil-fuel derived dissolved organic carbon in wet precipitation in Shandong Province, China},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY},
	volume = {73},
	number = {{2}},
	year = {2016},
	month = {JUN},
	pages = {207-221},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {We present results from a 1-year study of radiocarbon and stable carbon isotope measurement of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of wet precipitation samples collected in the Shandong province of China. A total of 32 rainfall and 4 snow samples were collected from two coastal cities (Qingdao and Yantai) and one inland site (Taian) during 2014. Concentrations of DOC in the rainwater and snow samples varied widely from 28 to 616 mu M. In general, rainwater originating from marine sources had relatively low DOC concentrations compared with continentally generated precipitation. Values of delta C-13-DOC and Delta C-14-DOC in the snow and rainwater ranged from -19.0 to -29.4 \% and -23 to -494 \%, with corresponding radiocarbon ages of 125 to 5410 years before present. The dominant DOC in the wet precipitation had a relatively old C-14 age (average 2841 years) and a depleted C-13 value (average -24.4 Years), indicating the mixing of contemporary organic carbon with C-14-depleted fossil fuel-derived soluble organic carbon in the atmosphere. Using a dual isotopic two-endmember model, we calculate that 7 \% to 52 \% of DOC in the snow and rainfall originated from fossil fuels. It is estimated that the flux of DOC in continental rainfall of China is 23 x 10(12) g C yr(-1) and of this, 7.1 x 10(12) g C yr(-1) could be fossil-fuel OC. On a global scale, the DOC flux in rainfall is estimated to be 357 Tg C yr(-1), and 110 Tg C yr(-1) could be fossil fuel-derived. Our study demonstrates that wet precipitation is an important removal process for old fossil fuel carbon from the atmosphere. This removal mechanism could play an important role in the carbon cycle, especially for the anthropogenically derived fraction, and it should be taken into consideration in global carbon cycle models.},
	keywords = {Atmospheric pollution, Fossil fuelemission, organic carbon, radiocarbon, Wet precipitation},
	issn = {0167-7764},
	doi = {10.1007/s10874-015-9323-3},
	author = {Wang, Xuchen and Ge, Tiantian and Xu, Caili and Xue, Yuejun and Luo, Chunle}
}
@article {Spooner2016123,
	title = {Clumped isotope composition of cold-water corals: A role for vital effects?},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {179},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {123 - 141},
	abstract = {Abstract The carbonate clumped isotope thermometer is a promising tool for determining past ocean temperatures. It is based on the temperature dependence of rare isotopes {\textquoteleft}clumping{\textquoteright} into the same carbonate ion group in the carbonate mineral lattice. The extent of this clumping effect is independent of the isotope composition of the water from which carbonate precipitates, providing unique advantages over many other paleotemperature proxies. Existing calibrations of this thermometer in cold-water and warm-water corals suggest clumped isotope {\textquoteleft}vital effects{\textquoteright} are negligible in cold-water corals but may be significant in warm-water corals. Here, we test the calibration of the carbonate clumped isotope thermometer in cold-water corals with a recently collected and well characterised sample set spanning a range of coral genera (Balanophyllia, Caryophyllia, Dasmosmilia, Desmophyllum, Enallopsammia and Javania). The clumped isotope compositions (Δ47) of these corals exhibit systematic dependences on their growth temperatures, confirming the basis of the carbonate clumped isotope thermometer. However, some cold-water coral genera show Δ47 values that are higher than the expected equilibrium values by up to 0.05{\textperthousand} (equivalent to underestimating temperature by \~{}9 {\textdegree}C) similar to previous findings for some warm-water corals. This finding suggests that the vital effects affecting corals Δ47 are common to both warm- and cold-water corals. By comparison with models of the coral calcification process we suggest that the clumped isotope offsets in these genera are related to the kinetic isotope effects associated with \{CO2\} hydration/hydroxylation reactions in the corals{\textquoteright} calcifying fluid. Our findings complicate the use of the carbonate clumped isotope thermometer in corals, but suggest that species- or genus-specific calibrations could be useful for the future application of this paleotemperature proxy.},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.01.023},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016703716300072},
	author = {Peter T. Spooner and Weifu Guo and Laura F. Robinson and Nivedita Thiagarajan and Katharine R. Hendry and Brad E. Rosenheim and Melanie J. Leng}
}
@article { ISI:000383622900016,
	title = {Controls on the sources and cycling of dissolved inorganic carbon in the Changjiang and Huanghe River estuaries, China: C-14 and C-13 studies},
	journal = {LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY},
	volume = {61},
	number = {{4}},
	year = {2016},
	month = {JUL},
	pages = {1358-1374},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The Changjiang (Yangtze River) and Huanghe (Yellow River) are the two largest rivers in China, and they transport large amounts of terrestrial carbon to the coastal waters of the East China Sea and the Bohai Sea. The sources and cycling of riverine carbon in these two large river estuaries, however, have not been well studied. In this article, we present the results of dual isotope (Delta C-14 and delta C-13) measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) collected in the low reaches of the Changjiang and Huanghe and their estuaries during two cruises in 2014. Our results indicate that both the Changjiang and Huanghe carry very high concentrations of DIC ranging from 1384 mu mol kg(-1) to 1732 mu mol kg(-1) and 2711 mu mol kg(-1) to 4120 mu mol kg(-1), respectively, and DIC levels varied with flow rates during high and low discharge periods. The cycling of DIC exhibited conservative behavior in both the Changjiang and Huanghe estuaries, suggesting DIC levels were controlled mainly by physical mixing processes. Delta C-14-DIC values indicate that the Changjiang and Huanghe transport aged DIC (1060-1380 yr old). Both Delta C-14-DIC and delta C-13-DIC values also showed conservative mixing in the two estuaries. Using a dual carbon isotopic model, we calculated that atmospheric CO2 consumed mainly by silicate weathering was a major source, contributing 65.2 +/- 9.0\% and 73.4 +/- 3.0\% of DIC in the Changjiang and Huanghe, and 96.9-97.7\% (by air-sea exchange) of DIC in the coastal waters of the East China Sea (ECS) and Bohai Sea, respectively. Our results indicate that carbonate dissolution was an important (12.3-17.4\%) but not major process controlling the high DIC levels in both rivers, as suggested previously. Compared with the large Amazon River, respiration of riverine organic matter (OM) played a less important role, contributing only 15.4-17.2\% of DIC in the two Asian rivers. Flux calculations indicate that the Changjiang and Huanghe discharged 1.46 x 10(13) g and 6.28 x 10(11) g DIC into the ECS and Bohai Sea in 2014, which were 9 and 17 times higher than the DOC fluxes in the two rivers. These large fluxes of riverine DIC, especially of aged DIC, could have significant impacts on primary production and carbon cycling in the ECS and Bohai Sea.},
	issn = {0024-3590},
	doi = {10.1002/lno.10301},
	author = {Wang, Xuchen and Luo, Chunle and Ge, Tiantian and Xu, Caili and Xue, Yuejun}
}
@article {Zaremba2016109,
	title = {Controls on the stratigraphic framework and paleoenvironmental change within a Holocene estuarine system: Pamlico Sound, North Carolina, USA},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {379},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {109 - 123},
	abstract = {Abstract This study examines the Holocene stratigraphic record and paleoenvironmental evolution of a large estuarine system, at high temporal and spatial resolution, in the context of changing climate, sea level, and hydrodynamics. New data are used to examine two time periods of increased marine influence within Pamlico Sound in northeastern North Carolina interpreted to be the result of extensive barrier island segmentation synchronous with periods of rapid climate change during the late Holocene. The study reveals the controls on the stratigraphic development and the highly dynamic character of the coastal system in response to climate, and sea-level change as it interacts with paleotopography. These findings can be used to inform projections of future environmental changes. Estuarine waters occupied paleovalleys in the Pamlico Sound region as early as ca. 7500 cal \{BP\} and Pleistocene interfluves separated the paleovalleys from the Atlantic Ocean until ca. 5500 cal BP, when they were flooded by rising sealevel forming the broad, shallow Pamlico Sound. Initial barrier islands and shoals likely formed sometime between 5500 and 5000 cal BP, providing the geomorphic setting for continued estuarine conditions behind the barriers. At ca. 4000 cal BP, an increase in marine influence and sand content is detected in multiple cores, and is correlated to seismic data within the Pamlico Sound basin. This change is interpreted to be the result of increased segmentation of barrier islands (thus a greater number of inlets, or wider inlets), which is consistent with a rapid transgression seen in other areas of the U.S. east coast. The segmentation may have been partially facilitated by a rapid increase in lagoonal area and tidal prism by overtopping of interfluves. Greater barrier island continuity is evident from 3500 to 1200 cal BP, as indicated by muddy deposits with low brackish estuarine foraminiferal assemblages. At ca. 1200 cal BP, seismic, sedimentological and micropaleontological data suggest an increase in wave and current energy and marine influence throughout southeastern Pamlico Sound. These changes are interpreted to represent extensive segmentation of the barrier islands during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA). Since ca. 500 cal BP, the Pamlico Sound system has returned to a more restricted state, as inlets have closed. Currently only three major inlets segment the Outer Banks, the barrier island system fronting Pamlico Sound, but warming climate and increasing rates of sea-level rise suggest that another episode of barrier island segmentation began about a half century ago and appears that it may extend into the near future.},
	keywords = {Coastal geology},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2016.04.012},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025322716300664},
	author = {Nicholas Zaremba and David J. Mallinson and Eduardo Leorri and Stephen Culver and Stanley Riggs and Ryan Mulligan and Eric Horsman and Siddhartha Mitra}
}
@article { ISI:000389875700006,
	title = {DISSOLVED INORGANIC RADIOCARBON IN THE NORTHWEST PACIFIC CONTINENTAL MARGIN},
	journal = {RADIOCARBON},
	volume = {58},
	number = {{3}},
	year = {2016},
	month = {SEP},
	pages = {517-529},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {This article presents a modified method for extraction of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from seawater for radiocarbon measurement by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Standard tests indicate that the extraction efficiencies of DIC are >96\%, and the respective precisions of. Delta C-14-DIC and delta C-13-DIC analyses are 6\% and 0.1\% or better. Using the method, we report. Delta C-14-DIC profiles collected from the shelf and slope in the East China Sea (ECS) of the northwest Pacific Ocean. Both the DIC concentration and. Delta C-14-DIC in the shelf and slope regions seem primarily affected by the Kuroshio Current. It is estimated that 54-65\% of the bottom water in the shelf region could be from the intrusion of Kuroshio intermediate water, which carries a high concentration and low. Delta C-14 values of DIC, and which influenced the DIC and its Delta C-14 signature on the shelf. Compared with the. Delta C-14-DIC profiles at other sites in the northwest Pacific reported previously, it appears that the. Delta C-14-DIC distributions are mainly controlled by the major oceanic currents in the region, and large variations in. Delta C-14-DIC occurred mostly in the upper 800m of the water column. The similarity of. Delta C-14-DIC at depth suggests that the deep-water circulation patterns have been relatively stable in the northwest Pacific Ocean in the last 20 yr.},
	keywords = {continental margin, dissolved inorganic carbon, East China Sea, radiocarbon, stable carbon isotope},
	issn = {0033-8222},
	doi = {10.1017/RDC.2016.23},
	author = {Ge, Tiantian and Wang, Xuchen and Zhang, Jing and Luo, Chunle and Xue, Yuejun}
}
@article {lenz_evidence_2016,
	title = {Evidence of multiple thermokarst lake generations from an 11 800-year-old permafrost core on the northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska},
	journal = {Boreas},
	volume = {45},
	number = {4},
	year = {2016},
	note = {_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/bor.12186},
	month = {06/2016},
	pages = {584{\textendash}603},
	abstract = {Permafrost degradation influences the morphology, biogeochemical cycling and hydrology of Arctic landscapes over a range of time scales. To reconstruct temporal patterns of early to late Holocene permafrost and thermokarst dynamics, site-specific palaeo-records are needed. Here we present a multi-proxy study of a 350-cm-long permafrost core from a drained lake basin on the northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska, revealing Lateglacial to Holocene thermokarst lake dynamics in a central location of Beringia. Use of radiocarbon dating, micropalaeontology (ostracods and testaceans), sedimentology (grain-size analyses, magnetic susceptibility, tephra analyses), geochemistry (total nitrogen and carbon, total organic carbon, δ13Corg) and stable water isotopes (δ18O, δD, d excess) of ground ice allowed the reconstruction of several distinct thermokarst lake phases. These include a pre-lacustrine environment at the base of the core characterized by the Devil Mountain Maar tephra (22 800{\textpm}280 cal. a BP, Unit A), which has vertically subsided in places due to subsequent development of a deep thermokarst lake that initiated around 11 800 cal. a BP (Unit B). At about 9000 cal. a BP this lake transitioned from a stable depositional environment to a very dynamic lake system (Unit C) characterized by fluctuating lake levels, potentially intermediate wetland development, and expansion and erosion of shore deposits. Complete drainage of this lake occurred at 1060 cal. a BP, including post-drainage sediment freezing from the top down to 154 cm and gradual accumulation of terrestrial peat (Unit D), as well as uniform upward talik refreezing. This core-based reconstruction of multiple thermokarst lake generations since 11 800 cal. a BP improves our understanding of the temporal scales of thermokarst lake development from initiation to drainage, demonstrates complex landscape evolution in the ice-rich permafrost regions of Central Beringia during the Lateglacial and Holocene, and enhances our understanding of biogeochemical cycles in thermokarst-affected regions of the Arctic.},
	issn = {1502-3885},
	doi = {10.1111/bor.12186},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/bor.12186},
	author = {Lenz, Josefine and Wetterich, Sebastian and Jones, Benjamin M. and Meyer, Hanno and Bobrov, Anatoly and Grosse, Guido}
}
@article {LeCount2016453,
	title = {Geochemical characterization of inorganic residues on plaster floors from a Maya palace complex at Actuncan, Belize},
	journal = {Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {453 - 464},
	abstract = {Abstract This report describes the results of a geochemical analysis using a mild acid extraction and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy of 198 samples from plaster surfaces at the palace complex at Actuncan, a prehispanic Maya city located in a karst landscape of western Belize. Archeologists working in the Maya region of Central America often refer to many different kinds of building complexes as {\textquotedblleft}palaces{\textquotedblright} without a clear understanding of how they functioned. Often, the rooms inside these structures are devoid of features and artifacts, making it difficult to infer how they were used. Geochemical characterization of inorganic residues on plaster floors as a means of prospecting for activity areas is therefore critical for studying the function and meaning of ancient Maya palaces. At Actuncan, due to the high degree of preservation of many of the floors, overlying plaster surfaces were able to be sampled, thus informing not only how the buildings were used, but how their uses changed over time. Multivariate quantitative modeling and spatial interpolation of the chemical data demonstrate that a variety of domestic, ritual, and possibly administrative activities took place in the palace complex, a finding that challenges previous assessments of palaces as primarily royal residential compounds.},
	keywords = {Belize},
	issn = {2352-409X},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2015.12.022},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352409X15302261},
	author = {Lisa J. LeCount and E. Christian Wells and Thomas R. Jamison and David W. Mixter}
}
@article { ISI:000378338800029,
	title = {Hydrothermal iron flux variability following rapid sea level changes},
	journal = {GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS},
	volume = {43},
	number = {{8}},
	year = {2016},
	month = {APR 28},
	pages = {3848-3856},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Sea level changes associated with Pleistocene glacial cycles have been hypothesized to modulate melt production and hydrothermal activity at ocean ridges, yet little is known about fluctuations in hydrothermal circulation on time scales longer than a few millennia. We present a high-resolution record of hydrothermal activity over the past 50 ka using elemental flux data from a new sediment core from the Mir zone of the TAG hydrothermal field at 26 degrees N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Mir sediments reveal sixfold to eightfold increases in hydrothermal iron and copper deposition during the Last Glacial Maximum, followed by a rapid decline during the sea level rise associated with deglaciation. Our results, along with previous observations from Pacific and Atlantic spreading centers, indicate that rapid sea level changes influence hydrothermal output on mid-ocean ridges. Thus, climate variability may discretize volcanic processing of the solid Earth on millennial time scales and subsequently stimulate variability in biogeochemical interactions with volcanic systems.},
	issn = {0094-8276},
	doi = {10.1002/2016GL068408},
	author = {Middleton, Jennifer L. and Langmuir, Charles H. and Mukhopadhyay, Sujoy and McManus, Jerry F. and Mitrovica, Jerry X.}
}
@article {10,
	title = {Incorporation of bomb-produced 14C into fish otoliths: A novel approach for evaluating age validation and bias with an application to yellowfin sole and northern rockfish},
	journal = {Ecological Modelling},
	volume = {320},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {79-91},
	abstract = {Fish age validation with bomb-produced radiocarbon (14C) requires a known-age Δ14C reference chronology spanning the era of a marine increase in bomb-produced 14C (1950s to 1960s). Concordance between otolith Δ14C in a validation sample and the reference chronology indicates accurate test ages. Here, we present an information-theoretic approach to hypothesis testing and use Bayesian data analysis with Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation as a probabilistic framework to quantitatively estimate age determination bias and its uncertainty. Using this approach, we compare a new Δ14C reference chronology from the eastern Bering Sea and a previously established reference from the Gulf of Alaska with otolith Δ14C in two validation species, eastern Bering Sea yellowfin sole (Limanda aspera) and Gulf of Alaska northern rockfish (Sebastes polyspinis). Our goals were twofold: (i) to validate the age determination methods for northern rockfish and yellowfin sole using comparisons within oceanic basins, and (ii) to explore the outcome of making na{\"\i}ve comparisons of these validation data sets to reference chronologies across oceanic basins. Based on within-basin comparisons we concluded that estimated ages for eastern Bering Sea yellowfin sole and Gulf of Alaska northern rockfish were accurate. We further concluded that there were important differences in otolith 14C uptake between fish from the two ocean basins.},
	issn = {0304-3800},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.09.013},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304380015004354},
	author = {Kastelle, Craig R. and Helser, Thomas E. and Wischniowski, Stephen G. and Loher, Timothy and Goetz, Betty J. and Kautzi, Lisa A.}
}
@article {Benz2016216,
	title = {Last Glacial Maximum sea surface temperature and sea-ice extent in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {146},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {216 - 237},
	abstract = {Abstract Sea surface temperatures and sea-ice extent are most critical variables to evaluate the Southern Ocean paleoceanographic evolution in relation to the development of the global carbon cycle, atmospheric \{CO2\} and ocean-atmosphere circulation. Here we present diatom transfer function-based summer sea surface temperature (SSST) and winter sea-ice (WSI) estimates from the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean to bridge a gap in information that has to date hampered a well-established reconstruction of the last glacial Southern Ocean at circum-Antarctic scale. We studied the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) at the \{EPILOG\} time slice (19,000{\textendash}23,000 calendar years before present) in 17 cores and consolidated our \{LGM\} picture of the Pacific sector taking into account published data from its warmer regions. Our data display a distinct east-west differentiation with a rather stable \{WSI\} edge north of the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge in the Ross Sea sector and a more variable \{WSI\} extent over the Amundsen Abyssal Plain. The zone of maximum cooling (\&gt;4~K) during the \{LGM\} is in the present Subantarctic Zone and bounded to its south by the 4~{\textdegree}C isotherm. The isotherm is in the \{SSST\} range prevailing at the modern Antarctic Polar Front, representing a circum-Antarctic feature, and marks the northern edge of the glacial Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC). The northward deflection of colder than modern surface waters along the South American continent led to a significant cooling of the glacial Humboldt Current surface waters (4{\textendash}8~K), which affected the temperature regimes as far north as tropical latitudes. The glacial reduction of \{ACC\} temperatures may also have resulted in significant cooling in the Atlantic and Indian Southern Ocean, thus enhancing thermal differentiation of the Southern Ocean and Antarctic continental cooling. The comparison with numerical temperature and sea-ice simulations yields discrepancies, especially concerning the estimates of the sea-ice fields, but some simulations reproduce well our proxy-based temperature data.},
	keywords = {Pacific Southern Ocean},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.06.006},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379116302062},
	author = {Verena Benz and Oliver Esper and Rainer Gersonde and Frank Lamy and Ralf Tiedemann}
}
@article {Li2016282,
	title = {Late Quaternary fingerprints of precession and sea level variation over the past 35~kyr as revealed by sea surface temperature and upwelling records from the Indian Ocean near southernmost Sumatra},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	volume = {425},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {282 - 291},
	abstract = {Abstract We report high-resolution paleoclimatic reconstructions using isotope, alkenone sea surface temperature (SST), productivity, and terrigenous proxy variations over the past 35~kyr from core SO184-10043 (07{\textdegree}18.57'S, 105{\textdegree}03.53'E) in the eastern tropical Indian Ocean offshore of southernmost (S) Sumatra. The core was retrieved at 2171~m water depth, from the monsoon driven seasonal upwelling area off southernmost Sumatra. Our paleoclimatic reconstructions show that an enhanced marine productivity was closely linked to strengthening of coastal upwelling during the increases of boreal summer insolation and associated southeastern (SE) monsoon strength, with pronounced semi-precession cycles (\~{}11~kyr). In contrast, our record of alkenone \{SSTs\} shows glacial to interglacial, a sea-level variation, but this fluctuates at dominant precession cycles (\~{}21~kyr). We also observed four \{SST\} {\textquotedblleft}plateaus{\textquotedblright} with relatively warmer hydrographic stability in our records over the past 35~kyr: 32-27~ka, 24-20~ka, 17-12~ka, and 9-4~ka. The time scale of each plateau is \~{}4-6~kyr. Our study indicates that since the last glacial maximum (LGM), the sea level rise has been responsible for the Sunda shelf flooding and the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) from the South China Sea (SCS) to the eastern Indian Ocean, leaving a dominant fingerprint of a glacial to interglacial increase in \{SSTs\} since \~{}9.5~ka We further argue that the a most recent centennial to millennial scale cooling at \~{}3.5~ka observed in our \{SST\} record is a widespread event in the tropical Pacific, which has implications for advancing our understanding of the climate dynamics of the tropical oceans at these time scales.},
	keywords = {Quaternary},
	issn = {1040-6182},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2016.07.013},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618216308722},
	author = {Ziye Li and Xuefa Shi and Min-Te Chen and Houjie Wang and Shengfa Liu and Jian Xu and Haiyan Long and Rainer Arief Troa and Rina Zuraida and Eko Triarso}
}
@article {2479,
	title = {Organic matter cycling across the sulfate-methane transition zone of the Santa Barbara Basin, California Borderland},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {176},
	year = {2016},
	month = {Jan-03-2016},
	pages = {259 - 278},
	abstract = {Consumption of sulfate (SO42-) in the sulfate-methane transition zone (SMTZ) has often been considered to be due solely to anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). However, recent studies show SO42- fluxes into the SMTZ that exceed methane (CH4) fluxes, thereby challenging this conceptual model. Co-occurrence of organoclastic SO42- reduction (oSR) with AOM in the SMTZ has been hypothesized to be the cause for this flux imbalance, but conclusive evidence is lacking. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated organic matter cycling in the SMTZ of the organic-rich sediments of the Santa Barbara Basin, California Borderland, and examined the occurrence of oSR within this zone using bulk solute profiles and Δ14C and δ13C values of selected carbon pools. We also tested the hypothesis that the SMTZ acts as an oxidation front not just for CH4, but also for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) that is produced below the SMTZ and migrates upward. Mass balance calculations for the SMTZ based on reaction stoichiometry and Δ14C and δ13C values of associated carbon fluxes indicate that \~{}35{\textendash}45\% of total SO42- reduction in the SMTZ occurs via oSR, with the remainder attributable to AOM. The δ13C value of net DOC production is distinct from that of the fraction of bulk POC undergoing degradation, suggesting that pore-water DOC represents a compositionally unique slice of the metabolizable POC pool. DOC diffusing upward at 450 cm is virtually free of 14C and contain low levels of short-chain organic acids. Radiocarbon mass balance shows that >30\% of this pre-aged, and presumably refractory, DOC is removed from the pore waters within or immediately below the SMTZ. Although the SMTZ does not appear to be a major net DOC oxidation front, these results show that DOC dynamics provide unique insights into organic matter processing in these subsurface sediments.},
	issn = {00167037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2015.12.022},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0016703715007164http://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0016703715007164?httpAccept=text/xmlhttp://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0016703715007164?httpAccept=text/plain},
	author = {Komada, Tomoko and Burdige, David J. and Li, Huan-Lei and Magen, {\'e}dric and Chanton, Jeffrey P. and Cada, Abraham K.}
}
@article {Carbonara2016136,
	title = {Palaeoclimatic changes in Kveithola, Svalbard, during the Late Pleistocene deglaciation and Holocene: Evidences from microfossil and sedimentary records},
	journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},
	volume = {463},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {136 - 149},
	abstract = {Abstract Climate changes are reflected in the Arctic ecosystem history over different timescales. We use a multi proxy-based approach for palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic reconstructions, conducted on sediment cores, compared with summer insolation and Greenland ice core δ18O data in order to establish a framework for climate changes from Late Pleistocene to late Holocene. Our dataset includes the results compiled from a sediment core, collected on the middle slope of the Kveithola Trough Mouth Fan (South of Svalbard) during the \{CORIBAR\} cruise (2013). The studied core presents remarkable lithological and magnetic susceptibility similarities with cores recovered in the same area during the \{SVAIS\} (2007) and the OGS-EGLACOM cruise (2008), allowing the construction of the age model. The results indicate that during the last 14.5 cal ky \{BP\} advances and retreats of the Svalbard Barents Sea Ice Sheet were strictly linked to the interplay of Atlantic and Arctic water inflows to the study area. During the deglaciation, from the Last Glacial Maximum to the onset of the Holocene, the climate underwent a series of abrupt changes including the B{\o}lling-Aller{\o}d warm interstadial and the Younger Dryas cold event. During the early Holocene, the investigated area was dominated by enhanced warm Atlantic water inflow, which was concomitant with summer insolation increase, characterizing the Holocene Thermal Maximum. Conversely, the late Holocene was governed by deteriorating climatic conditions, with predominant Arctic/Polar water inflow on the surface water masses off Western Svalbard, possibly associated with summer insolation decline due to orbital forcing.},
	keywords = {Clay minerals},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.10.003},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018216305533},
	author = {Katia Carbonara and Karin Mezgec and Gabriella Varagona and Maria Elena Musco and Renata Giulia Lucchi and Giuliana Villa and Caterina Morigi and Romana Melis and Mauro Caffau}
}
@article { ISI:000389875700005,
	title = {RAPID C-14 ANALYSIS OF DISSOLVED ORGANIC CARBON IN NON-SALINE WATERS},
	journal = {RADIOCARBON},
	volume = {58},
	number = {{3}},
	year = {2016},
	month = {SEP},
	pages = {505-515},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The radiocarbon content of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in rivers, lakes, and other non-saline waters can provide valuable information on carbon cycling dynamics in the environment. DOC is typically prepared for C-14 analysis by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) either by ultraviolet (UV) oxidation or by freeze-drying and sealed tube combustion. We present here a new method for the rapid analysis of C-14 of DOC using wet chemical oxidation (WCO) and automated headspace sampling of CO2. The approach is an adaption of recently developed methods using aqueous persulfate oxidant to determine the delta C-13 of DOC in non-saline water samples and the C-14 content of volatile organic acids. One advantage of the current method over UV oxidation is higher throughput: 22 samples and 10 processing standards can be prepared in one day and analyzed in a second day, allowing a full suite of C-14 processing standards and blanks to be run in conjunction with samples. A second advantage is that there is less potential for cross-contamination between samples.},
	keywords = {carbon-cycling, dissolved organic carbon, method development, wet chemical oxidation},
	issn = {0033-8222},
	doi = {10.1017/RDC.2016.17},
	author = {Lang, Susan Q. and McIntyre, Cameron P. and Bernasconi, Stefano M. and Fruh-Green, Gretchen L. and Voss, Britta M. and Eglinton, Timothy I. and Wacker, Lukas}
}
@article {Kim2016135,
	title = {Sedimentation of particulate organic carbon on the Amundsen Shelf, Antarctica},
	journal = {Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography},
	volume = {123},
	year = {2016},
	note = {International efforts to understanding of the changing Antarctic climate: The \{KOPRI\} expedition to the Amundsen Sea},
	pages = {135 - 144},
	abstract = {Abstract We examined the recent history of sedimentary organic carbon (SOC) accumulation on the western Amundsen Shelf, to help characterize the biological carbon pump in the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica. Vertical sedimentary profiles (in the upper 21-cm) of \{SOC\} content, radio- and stable-carbon isotopes were obtained at four locations in the western Amundsen Sea: near the shelf break, inside the polynya near the Dotson Ice Shelf, and at both the periphery and the center of the Amundsen Sea polynya. Profiles were representative not only of various distances from the coast, but also of various summertime sea ice conditions and bottom depths. The \{SOC\} content (up to 1.1\%) and the radiocarbon content were distinctly higher at the periphery and at the center of the polynya than at the other sites. The \{SOC\} and 14C contents were generally consistent with the spatial distribution of primary productivity in the surface water. A linear \{SOC\} accumulation rate of about 1.0 g C m-2 yr-1 was determined from the conventional 14C ages of bulk \{SOC\} below the surface mixed layer at the periphery and at the center of the polynya, for the time period of 3.1{\textendash}4.7 kyr before present (BP). This linear \{SOC\} accumulation rate was about 20 times greater than the rates determined at the two other sites for the period of 4.6{\textendash}15.7 kyr BP. Note that all values are for uncorrected 14C ages. At the center of the polynya, a sudden change in \{SOC\} accumulation rate was observed at about 16 cm depth, corresponding to 4.7 kyr BP, implying that changes (during this time period) in physical environments greatly affected primary production, \{SOC\} burial and/or supply of allochthonous particles to this site. The vertical distribution of 14C content in the sediments implies that aged organic matter, likely associated with resuspended sediments, was also being deposited inside the polynya, in addition to autochthonous biogenic particles. If our estimation of \{SOC\} accumulation is extrapolated to the western Amundsen Shelf between 110{\textdegree}W and 120{\textdegree}W, approximately 3{\texttimes}1010 g C yr-1 is buried on the shelf, with ~90\% of \{SOC\} accumulation occurring in the Amundsen Sea polynya.},
	keywords = {Global carbon cycling},
	issn = {0967-0645},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2015.07.018},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967064515002787},
	author = {Minkyoung Kim and Jeomshik Hwang and Sang H. Lee and Hyung J. Kim and Dongseon Kim and Eun J. Yang and SangHoon Lee}
}
@article {Costa2016163,
	title = {Sedimentation, stratigraphy and physical properties of sediment on the Juan de Fuca Ridge},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {380},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {163 - 173},
	abstract = {Abstract Sedimentation near mid-ocean ridges may differ from pelagic sedimentation due to the influence of the ridges{\textquoteright} rough topography on sediment deposition and transport. This study explores whether the near-ridge environment responds to glacial-interglacial changes in climate and oceanography. New benthic δ18O, radiocarbon, multi-sensor track, and physical property (sedimentation rates, density, magnetic susceptibility) data for seven cores on the Juan de Fuca Ridge provide multiple records covering the past 700,000 years of oceanographic history of the Northeast Pacific Ocean. Systematic variations in sediment density and coarse fraction correspond to glacial-interglacial cycles identified in benthic δ18O, and these observations may provide a framework for mapping the δ18O chronostratigraphy via sediment density to other locations on the Juan de Fuca Ridge and beyond. Sedimentation rates generally range from 0.5 to 3 cm/kyr, with background pelagic sedimentation rates close to 1 cm/kyr. Variability in sedimentation rates close to the ridge likely reflects remobilization of sediment caused by the high relief of the ridge bathymetry. Sedimentation patterns primarily reflect divergence of sedimentation rates with distance from the ridge axis and glacial-interglacial variation in sedimentation that may reflect carbonate preservation cycles as well as preferential remobilization of fine material.},
	keywords = {Oxygen isotope stratigraphy},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2016.08.003},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025322716301517},
	author = {K.M. Costa and J.F. McManus and B. Boulahanis and S.M. Carbotte and G. Winckler and P.J. Huybers and C.H. Langmuir}
}
@article {Layzell201645,
	title = {Stratigraphy, morphology, and geochemistry of late Quaternary buried soils on the High Plains of southwestern Kansas, USA},
	journal = {CATENA},
	volume = {144},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {45 - 55},
	abstract = {Abstract This study investigated two stratigraphic sequences that record the complex interplay of sedimentation and pedogenesis over the past ca. 84 ka on the High Plains of southwestern Kansas. Up to eight eolian sand and loess units with associated soils were identified in two cores collected from an upland setting. Soil morphological and geochemical data were used to quantitatively assess and compare soil development between multiple buried soils. Chronostratigraphic relationships indicate that 1) loess and eolian sands were episodically deposited during late Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5 (ca. 84{\textendash}70 ka), 2) the Sangamon soil at this site formed between \{MIS\} 3/4 (ca. 70{\textendash}52 ka), which is consistent with age estimates for renewed Sangamon pedogenesis in the Mississippi River valley, and 3) soil development in the Gilman Canyon Formation began at ca. 44 ka and continued until at least 29.2 ka. Multiple lines of evidence, including grain-size distributions, structure, clay content, and chemical weathering index data, indicate that the morphology and chemistry of the Ak horizon developed in the Gilman Canyon Formation is a product of cumulization by slow loess additions. Similar evidence suggests that cumulization processes are also responsible for the morphology and chemistry of other buried soils in the stratigraphic sequence. Overall, loess inputs during pedogenesis complicate the quantification of weathering processes in these soils.},
	keywords = {Sangamon soil},
	issn = {0341-8162},
	doi = {10.1016/j.catena.2016.05.003},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0341816216301655},
	author = {Anthony L. Layzell and Rolfe D. Mandel and Tammy M. Rittenour and Jon J. Smith and R. Hunter Harlow and Greg A. Ludvigson}
}
@article {2987,
	title = {Triennial changes in groundwater quality in aquifers used for public supply in California: utility as indicators of temporal trends},
	journal = {Environmental Monitoring and Assessment},
	volume = {188},
	year = {2016},
	month = {11/2016},
	pages = {1 - 17},
	abstract = {From 2004 to 2011, the U.S. Geological Survey collected samples from 1686 wells across the State of California as part of the California State Water Resources Control Board{\textquoteright}s Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Priority Basin Project (PBP). From 2007 to 2013, 224 of these wells were resampled to assess temporal trends in water quality. The samples were analyzed for 216 water-quality constituents, including inorganic and organic compounds as well as isotopic tracers. The resampled wells were grouped into five hydrogeologic zones. A nonparametric hypothesis test was used to test the differences between initial sampling and resampling results to evaluate possible step trends in water-quality, statewide, and within each hydrogeologic zone. The hypothesis tests were performed on the 79 constituents that were detected in more than 5 \% of the samples collected during either sampling period in at least one hydrogeologic zone. Step trends were detected for 17 constituents. Increasing trends were detected for alkalinity, aluminum, beryllium, boron, lithium, orthophosphate, perchlorate, sodium, and specific conductance. Decreasing trends were detected for atrazine, cobalt, dissolved oxygen, lead, nickel, pH, simazine, and tritium. Tritium was expected to decrease due to decreasing values in precipitation, and the detection of decreases indicates that the method is capable of resolving temporal trends.},
	keywords = {California groundwater, Public supply wells, Trend analysis, Water-quality monitoring},
	isbn = {0167-6369},
	doi = {10.1007/s10661-016-5618-3},
	url = {https://www.proquest.com/docview/1827073834/abstract/EBEC8C6301DE4049PQ/1},
	author = {Kent, Robert and Landon, Matthew K.}
}
@article {2536,
	title = {Unusually large tsunamis frequent a currently creeping part of the Aleutian megathrust},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {43},
	year = {2016},
	month = {Apr-01-2017},
	pages = {76 - 84},
	abstract = {Current models used to assess earthquake and tsunami hazards are inadequate where creep dominates a subduction megathrust. Here we report geological evidence for large tsunamis, occurring on average every 300{\textendash}340 years, near the source areas of the 1946 and 1957 Aleutian tsunamis. These areas bookend a postulated seismic gap over 200 km long where modern geodetic measurements indicate that the megathrust is currently creeping. At Sedanka Island, evidence for large tsunamis includes six sand sheets that blanket a lowland facing the Pacific Ocean, rise to 15 m above mean sea level, contain marine diatoms, cap terraces, adjoin evidence for scour, and date from the past 1700 years. The youngest sheet and modern drift logs found as far as 800 m inland and >18 m elevation likely record the 1957 tsunami. Previously unrecognized tsunami sources coexist with a presently creeping megathrust along this part of the Aleutian Subduction Zone.},
	doi = {10.1002/2015GL066083},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/2015GL066083},
	author = {Witter, Robert C. and Carver, Gary A. and Briggs, Richard W. and Gelfenbaum, Guy and Koehler, Richard D. and La Selle, SeanPaul and Bender, Adrian M. and Engelhart, Simon E. and Hemphill-Haley, Eileen and Hill, Troy D.}
}
@article {Simkus2016264,
	title = {Variations in microbial carbon sources and cycling in the deep continental subsurface},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {173},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {264 - 283},
	abstract = {Abstract Deep continental subsurface fracture water systems, ranging from 1.1 to 3.3 km below land surface (kmbls), were investigated to characterize the indigenous microorganisms and elucidate microbial carbon sources and their cycling. Analysis of phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) abundances and direct cell counts detected varying biomass that was not correlated with depth. Compound-specific carbon isotope analyses (δ13C and Δ14C) of the phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and carbon substrates combined with genomic analyses did identify, however, distinct carbon sources and cycles between the two depth ranges studied. In the shallower boreholes at circa 1 kmbls, isotopic evidence indicated microbial incorporation of biogenic \{CH4\} by the in situ microbial community. At the shallowest site, 1.05 kmbls in Driefontein mine, this process clearly dominated the isotopic signal. At slightly deeper depths, 1.34 kmbls in Beatrix mine, the isotopic data indicated the incorporation of both biogenic \{CH4\} and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) derived from \{CH4\} oxidation. In both of these cases, molecular genetic analysis indicated that methanogenic and methanotrophic organisms together comprised a small component (\&lt;5\%) of the microbial community. Thus, it appears that a relatively minor component of the prokaryotic community is supporting a much larger overall bacterial community in these samples. In the samples collected from \&gt;3 kmbls in Tau Tona mine (TT107, \{TT109\} Bh2), the \{CH4\} had an isotopic signature suggesting a predominantly abiogenic origin with minor inputs from microbial methanogenesis. In these samples, the isotopic enrichments (δ13C and Δ14C) of the \{PLFAs\} relative to \{CH4\} were consistent with little incorporation of \{CH4\} into the biomass. The most 13C-enriched \{PLFAs\} were observed in \{TT107\} where the dominant CO2-fixation pathway was the acetyl-CoA pathway by non-acetogenic bacteria. The differences in the δ13C of the \{PLFAs\} and the \{DIC\} and \{DOC\} for \{TT109\} Bh2 were \~{}-24{\textperthousand} and 0{\textperthousand}, respectively. The dominant CO2-fixation pathways were 3-HP/4-HB cycle \&gt; acetyl-CoA pathway \&gt; reductive pentose phosphate cycle.},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.10.003},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016703715005852},
	author = {Danielle N. Simkus and Greg F. Slater and Barbara Sherwood Lollar and Kenna Wilkie and Thomas L. Kieft and Cara Magnabosco and Maggie C.Y. Lau and Michael J. Pullin and Sarah B. Hendrickson and K. Eric Wommack and Eric G. Sakowski and Esta van Heerden and Olukayode Kuloyo and Borja Linage and Gaetan Borgonie and Tullis C. Onstott}
}
@article {19,
	title = {African Baobabs with False Inner Cavities: The Radiocarbon Investigation of the Lebombo Eco Trail Baobab},
	journal = {PLoS One},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2015},
	note = {PT: J; TC: 0; UT: WOS:000348470400021},
	pages = {e0117193-e0117193},
	abstract = {The article reports the radiocarbon investigation results of the Lebombo Eco Trail tree, a representative African baobab from Mozambique. Several wood samples collected from the large inner cavity and from the outer part of the tree were investigated by AMS radiocarbon dating. According to dating results, the age values of all samples increase from the sampling point with the distance into the wood. For samples collected from the cavity walls, the increase of age values with the distance into the wood (up to a point of maximum age) represents a major anomaly. The only realistic explanation for this anomaly is that such inner cavities are, in fact, natural empty spaces between several fused stems disposed in a ring-shaped structure. We named them false cavities. Several important differences between normal cavities and false cavities are presented. Eventually, we dated other African baobabs with false inner cavities. We found that this new architecture enables baobabs to reach large sizes and old ages. The radiocarbon date of the oldest sample was 1425 +/- 24 BP, which corresponds to a calibrated age of 1355 +/- 15 yr. The dating results also show that the Lebombo baobab consists of five fused stems, with ages between 900 and 1400 years; these five stems build the complete ring. The ring and the false cavity closed 800-900 years ago. The results also indicate that the stems stopped growing toward the false cavity over the past 500 years.},
	issn = {1932-6203},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0117193},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Woodborne, Stephan and von Reden, Karl F. and Hall, Grant and Hofmeyr, Michele and Lowy, Daniel A. and Patrut, Roxana T.}
}
@article {549,
	title = {AMS radiocarbon dating of very large Grandidier{\textquoteright}s baobabs (Adansonia grandidieri)},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
	volume = {361},
	year = {2015},
	note = {Cu2hzTimes Cited:2Cited References Count:20},
	month = {Oct 15},
	pages = {591-598},
	abstract = {The article reports the AMS radiocarbon investigation of the two largest known Adansonia grandidieri specimens. The two baobabs, which are named Tsitakakoike and Pregnant baobab, are located in Southwestern Madagascar, near Andombiro. A third specimen from this area, the House baobab, was also investigated. According to measurements, Tsitakakoike is the biggest individual above ground level of all Adansonia species. The House baobab was selected for its exposed structure, which is identical to the closed ring-shaped structure with false cavities identified by us in large and old Adansonia digitata specimens. According to our research, Tsitakakoike and the Pregnant baobab have multi-stemmed cylindrical trunks which are mainly hollow; the two very large baobabs also possess a ring-shaped structure. The radiocarbon dates of the oldest wood samples collected from the large trunks were 1274 {\textpm} 20 bp for Tsitakakoike and 930 {\textpm} 20 bp for the Pregnant baobab. According to their original positions and to the architectures of the two A. grandidieri, the ages of Tsitakakoike and Pregnant baobab would be between 1300 and 1500 years. Therefore, A. grandidieri becomes the third Adansonia species with individuals that can live over 1000 years, according to accurate dating results.},
	issn = {0168-583X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.nimb.2015.04.044},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and von Reden, Karl F. and Danthu, Pascal and Leong Pock-Tsy, Jean-Michel and Rakosy, Laszlo and Patrut, Roxana T. and Lowy, Daniel A. and Margineanu, Dragos}
}
@article {2582,
	title = {Ancient population genomics and the study of evolution},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences},
	volume = {370,},
	year = {2015},
	month = {Jul-01-2016},
	abstract = {Recently, the study of ancient DNA (aDNA) has been greatly enhanced by the development of second-generation DNA sequencing technologies and targeted enrichment strategies. These developments have allowed the recovery of several complete ancient genomes, a result that would have been considered virtually impossible only a decade ago. Prior to these developments, aDNA research was largely focused on the recovery of short DNA sequences and their use in the study of phylogenetic relationships, molecular rates, species identification and population structure. However, it is now possible to sequence a large number of modern and ancient complete genomes from a single species and thereby study the genomic patterns of evolutionary change over time. Such a study would herald the beginnings of ancient population genomics and its use in the study of evolution. Species that are amenable to such large-scale studies warrant increased research effort. We report here progress on a population genomic study of the Ad{\'e}lie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae). This species is ideally suited to ancient population genomic research because both modern and ancient samples are abundant in the permafrost conditions of Antarctica. This species will enable us to directly address many of the fundamental questions in ecology and evolution.},
	issn = {0962-8436},
	doi = {10.1098/rstb.2013.0381},
	url = {http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/cgi/doi/10.1098/rstb.2013.0381},
	author = {Parks, M. and Subramanian, S. and Baroni, C. and Salvatore, M. C. and Zhang, G. and Millar, C. D. and Lambert, D. M.}
}
@article { ISI:000358139000002,
	title = {Climate forcing of unprecedented intense-hurricane activity in the last 2000 years},
	journal = {EARTHS FUTURE},
	volume = {3},
	number = {{2}},
	year = {2015},
	month = {FEB},
	pages = {49-65},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {How climate controls hurricane variability has critical implications for society is not well understood. In part, our understanding is hampered by the short and incomplete observational hurricane record. Here we present a synthesis of intense-hurricane activity from the western North Atlantic over the past two millennia, which is supported by a new, exceptionally well-resolved record from Salt Pond, Massachusetts (USA). At Salt Pond, three coarse grained event beds deposited in the historical interval are consistent with severe hurricanes in 1991 (Bob), 1675, and 1635 C.E., and provide modern analogs for 32 other prehistoric event beds. Two intervals of heightened frequency of event bed deposition between 1400 and 1675 C.E. (10 events) and 150 and 1150 C.E. (23 events), represent the local expression of coherent regional patterns in intense-hurricane-induced event beds. Our synthesis indicates that much of the western North Atlantic appears to have been active between 250 and 1150 C.E., with high levels of activity persisting in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico until 1400 C.E. This interval was one with relatively warm sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the main development region (MDR). A shift in activity to the North American east coast occurred ca. 1400 C.E., with more frequent severe hurricane strikes recorded from The Bahamas to New England between 1400 and 1675 C.E. A warm SST anomaly along the western North Atlantic, rather than within the MDR, likely contributed to the later active interval being restricted to the east coast.},
	keywords = {Climate change, common era, Holocene, sea surface temperature, tropical cyclones},
	issn = {2328-4277},
	doi = {10.1002/2014EF000274},
	author = {Donnelly, Jeffrey P. and Hawkes, Andrea D. and Lane, Philip and MacDonald, Dana and Shuman, Bryan N. and Toomey, Michael R. and van Hengstum, Peter J. and Woodruff, Jonathan D.}
}
@inbook {2594,
	title = {Field techniques for sea-level reconstruction - Coastal sediment},
	booktitle = {Handbook of Sea-Level Research},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {218-272},
	chapter = {4},
	abstract = {Measuring sea-level change {\textendash} be that rise or fall {\textendash} is one of the most pressing scientific goals of our time and requires robust scientific approaches and techniques.  This Handbook aims to provide a practical guide to readers interested in this challenge, from the initial design of research approaches through to the practical issues of data collection and interpretation from a diverse range of coastal environments.  Building on thirty years of international research, the Handbook comprises 38 chapters that are authored by leading experts from around the world.  The Handbook will be an important resource to scientists interested and involved in understanding sea-level changes across a broad range of disciplines, policy makers wanting to appreciate our current state of knowledge of sea-level change over different timescales, and many teachers at the university level, as well as advanced-level undergraduates and postgraduate research students, wanting to learn more about sea-level change.},
	issn = {978-1-118-45258-5},
	url = {http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-1118452585.html},
	author = {Shennan, I. and Long, A.J. and Horton, B.E.}
}
@article {544,
	title = {Forces driving late Pleistocene (ca. 77{\textendash}12 ka) landscape evolution in the Cimarron River valley, southwestern Kansas},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {84},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {106-117},
	abstract = {This study presents stratigraphic, geomorphic, and paleoenvironmental (δ13C) data that provide insight into the late Pleistocene landscape evolution of the Cimarron River valley in the High Plains of southwestern Kansas. Two distinct valley fills (T-1 and T-2) were investigated. Three soils occur in the T-2 fill and five in the T-1 fill, all indicating periods of landscape stability or slow sedimentation. Of particular interest are two cumulic soils dating to ca. 48{\textendash}28 and 13{\textendash}12.5 ka. δ13C values are consistent with regional paleoenvironmental proxy data that indicate the prevalence of warm, dry conditions at these times. The Cimarron River is interpreted to have responded to these climatic changes and to local base level control. Specifically, aggradation occurred during cool, wet periods and slow sedimentation with cumulic soil formation occurred under warmer, drier climates. Significant valley incision (~ 25 m) by ca. 28 ka likely resulted from a lowering of local base level caused by deep-seated dissolution of Permian evaporite deposits.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2015.05.003},
	author = {Layzell, Anthony L. and Mandel, Rolfe D. and Ludvigson, Greg A. and Rittenour, Tammy M. and Smith, Jon J.}
}
@article { ISI:000349875300017,
	title = {Freshening of the Marmara Sea prior to its post-glacial reconnection to the Mediterranean Sea},
	journal = {EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS},
	volume = {413},
	year = {2015},
	month = {MAR 1},
	pages = {176-185},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {During the last glaciation the Marmara Sea was isolated from the Mediterranean Sea because global sea level was below the depth of the Dardanelles sill. Prior to the postglacial reconnection to the Mediterranean Sea (similar to 14.7 cal kyr BP), the surface waters of the Marmara Sea were brackish (Marmara Lake). Freshening of a previously saline Marmara Sea could have happened via spill-out of brackish to fresh water from the surface water of the Black Sea through the Bosphorus Strait. This hypothesis has not been tested against alternative possibilities (salt flushing by river run-off and precipitation). Here we use the dissolved Cl- and stable isotope composition (delta O-18 and delta D) of Marmara Sea sediment pore water to estimate the salinity and stable isotope composition of Marmara Lake bottom water and to evaluate possible freshening scenarios. We use a transport model to simulate pore water Cl-, delta O-18 and delta D in Marmara Sea sediments in the past 130 kyr, which includes the last interglacial (130-75 cal kyr BP), the last glacial (75-14 cal kyr BP) and the current postglacial period. Our results show that the bottom waters of the Marmara Lake were brackish (similar to 4 parts per thousand salinity) and isotopically depleted (delta O-18 similar to -10.2 parts per thousand and delta D similar to -70 parts per thousand, respectively) compared to modern seawater. Their salinity and stable isotope ratios show that they are a mixture of Mediterranean waters and Danube-like waters implying that the freshening took place via spill-out of freshwater through the Bosphorus. Our modelling approach indicates that the transit of fresh water from glacial Eurasia to the Mediterranean via the Marmara Sea started at least 50 cal kyr BP, was continuous throughout most of the last glaciation and persisted up to the post glacial reconnection to the Mediterranean through the Dardanelles sill (14.7 cal kyr BP). These results are consistent with previously published micropaleontological and geochemical investigations of sediment cores that indicate lacustrine conditions in the Marmara Sea from about 75 to 14.7 cal kyr BP. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Black Sea outflow, Last glacial maximum, Marmara Lake, pore water isotope composition},
	issn = {0012-821X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2014.12.052},
	author = {Aloisi, G. and Soulet, G. and Henry, P. and Wallmann, K. and Sauvestre, R. and Vallet-Coulomb, C. and Lecuyer, C. and Bard, E.}
}
@article {2569,
	title = {Glacial-interglacial changes in central tropical Pacific surface seawater property gradients},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {30},
	year = {2015},
	month = {Jan-05-2015},
	pages = {423 - 438},
	abstract = {Much uncertainty exists about the state of the oceanic and atmospheric circulation in the tropical Pacific over the last glacial cycle. Studies have been hampered by the fact that sediment cores suitable for study were concentrated in the western and eastern parts of the tropical Pacific, with little information from the central tropical Pacific. Here we present information from a suite of sediment cores collected from the Line Islands Ridge in the central tropical Pacific, which show sedimentation rates and stratigraphies suitable for paleoceanographic investigations. Based on the radiocarbon and oxygen isotope measurements on the planktonic foraminifera Globigerinoides ruber, we construct preliminary age models for selected cores and show that the gradient in the oxygen isotope ratio of G. ruber between the equator and 8{\textdegree}N is enhanced during glacial stages relative to interglacial stages. This stronger gradient could reflect enhanced equatorial cooling (perhaps reflecting a stronger Walker circulation) or an enhanced salinity gradient (perhaps reflecting increased rainfall in the central tropical Pacific).},
	doi = {10.1002/2014PA002746},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/2014PA002746},
	author = {Lynch-Stieglitz, Jean and Polissar, Pratigya J. and Jacobel, Allison W. and Hovan, Steven A. and Pockalny, Robert A. and Lyle, Mitchell and Murray, Richard W. and Ravelo, A. Christina and Bova, Samantha C. and Dunlea, Ann G. and Ford, Heather L. and Hertzberg, Jennifer E. and Wertman, Christina A. and Maloney, Ashley E. and Shackford, Julia K. and Wejnert, Katherine and Xie, Ruifang C.}
}
@book {2535,
	title = {Handbook of Sea-Level ResearchPre-fieldwork surveys},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {27 - 46},
	publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd},
	organization = {John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd},
	address = {Chichester, UK},
	abstract = {Using maps, imagery, tidal measurements, and other historical data to assess the geomorphology of a study area prior to fieldwork helps select optimal sites, identify the most effective field methods to test research hypotheses, highlight the primary geomorphic processes, and may provide preliminary estimates of sea-level change. Here, I review the common types of data useful for pre-fieldwork surveys in sea-level research and discuss the many benefits of assessing the geomorphology of a site in advance of fieldwork. I also review briefly some case studies where historical data led to new directions in research and a scientific breakthrough.},
	keywords = {aerial photography, barrier island, bathymetric data, beach ridge, coastal geomorphology, geomorphological map, LiDAR, nautical chart, remote sensing, satellite imagery},
	isbn = {9781118452585},
	doi = {10.1002/978111845254710.1002/9781118452547.ch3},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/9781118452547.ch3},
	author = {Witter, Robert C.},
	editor = {Shennan, Ian and Long, Antony J. and Horton, Benjamin P.}
}
@article {550,
	title = {A high output, large acceptance injector for the NOSAMS Tandetron AMS system},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
	volume = {361},
	year = {2015},
	note = {Cu2hzTimes Cited:0Cited References Count:13},
	month = {Oct 15},
	pages = {211-216},
	abstract = {We have completed a major upgrade of the National Ocean Sciences AMS Facility (NOSAMS) Tandetron AMS system in two stages. First, the simultaneous (recombinator) injector was replaced with a fast-cycling sequential injector and changes to the low-energy acceleration section. Data after the injector commissioning show an improvement in background, with mean machine background (commercial graphite) of Fm 0.0004 (62 ka). Second, we replaced the original ion source with a high-output 40 sample MCSNICS source. This improved beam currents and raw ratio fractionation, and increased sample to detection efficiency fivefold.},
	issn = {0168-583X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.nimb.2015.04.005},
	author = {Longworth, Brett E. and von Reden, Karl F. and Long, Pat and Roberts, Mark L.}
}
@article {13,
	title = {Incorporation of bomb-produced 14C into fish otoliths. An example of basin-specific rates from the North Pacific Ocean},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences},
	volume = {72},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {879-892},
	issn = {0706-652X},
	doi = {10.1139/cjfas-2014-0225},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2014-0225},
	author = {Wischniowski, Stephen G. and Kastelle, Craig R. and Loher, Timothy and Helser, Thomas E.}
}
@article { ISI:000352212200018,
	title = {Late Holocene glacial advance and ice shelf growth in Barilari Bay, Graham Land, west Antarctic Peninsula},
	journal = {GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN},
	volume = {127},
	number = {{1-2}},
	year = {2015},
	month = {JAN-FEB},
	pages = {297-315},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Three marine sediment cores were collected along the length of the fjord axis of Barilari Bay, Graham Land, west Antarctic Peninsula (65 degrees 55{\textquoteright}S, 64 degrees 43{\textquoteright}W). Multi-proxy analytical results constrained by high-resolution geochronological methods (Pb-210, radiocarbon, Cs-137) in concert with historical observations capture a record of Holocene paleoenvironmental variability. Our results suggest early and middle Holocene (>7022-2815 cal. {[}calibrated] yr B.P.) retreated glacial positions and seasonally open marine conditions with increased primary productivity. Climatic cooling increased sea ice coverage and decreased primary productivity during the Neoglacial (2815 to cal. 730 cal. yr B.P.). This climatic cooling culminated with glacial advance to maximum Holocene positions and expansion of a fjord-wide ice shelf during the Little Ice Age (LIA) (ca. 730-82 cal. yr B.P.). Seasonally open marine conditions were achieved and remnant ice shelves decayed within the context of recent rapid regional warming (82 cal. yr B.P. to present). Our findings agree with previously observed late Holocene cooling and glacial advance across the Antarctic Peninsula, suggesting that the LIA was a regionally significant event with few disparities in timing and magnitude. Comparison of the LIA Antarctic Peninsula record to the rest of the Southern Hemisphere demonstrates close synchronicity in the southeast Pacific and southern most Atlantic region but less coherence for the southwest Pacific and Indian Oceans. Comparisons with the Northern Hemisphere demonstrate that the LIA Antarctic Peninsula record was contemporaneous with pre-LIA cooling and sea ice expansion in the North Atlantic-Arctic, suggesting a global reach for these events.},
	issn = {0016-7606},
	doi = {10.1130/B31035.1},
	author = {Christ, Andrew J. and Talaia-Murray, Manique and Elking, Natalie and Domack, Eugene W. and Leventer, Amy and Lavoie, Caroline and Brachfeld, Stefanie and Yoo, Kyu-Cheul and Gilbert, Robert and Jeong, Sun-Mi and Petrushak, Stephen and Wellner, Julia and LARISSA Grp}
}
@article {543,
	title = {Late Holocene precipitation variability recorded in the sediments of Reloncav{\'\i} Fjord (41{\textdegree}S, 72{\textdegree}W), Chile},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {84},
	year = {2015},
	note = {Co0ceTimes Cited:1Cited References Count:93},
	month = {Jul},
	pages = {21-36},
	abstract = {We present reconstructions of late Holocene changes in the source of organic matter and siliceous export production in the Relocanv{\'\i} Fjord (41{\textdegree}S, 72{\textdegree}W), Northern Chilean Patagonia, based on organic carbon content, δ13Corg, N/C ratio, diatom assemblages and biogenic silica contents from three sediment cores. The age models are based on a combination of 210Pb profiles, AMS 14C dating, and on the first occurrence of the diatom Rhizosolenia setigera f. pungens, as a stratigraphic marker in the fjords. The cores span the last 300 to 700 yr. Diatoms dominate the siliceous assemblages in the three cores (98\% on average). Our results suggest that precipitation seasonality in the region of Reloncav{\'\i} was high in CE 1300{\textendash}1400 and CE 1700{\textendash}1850, with a clear decreasing trend since CE 1850. The latter trend is in agreement with instrumental records and tree-ring reconstructions. These fluctuations seem to be associated with the Southern Annular Mode (SAM).},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2015.05.006},
	author = {Rebolledo, Lorena and Lange, Carina B. and Bertrand, S{\'e}bastien and Mu{\~n}oz, Praxedes and Salamanca, Marco and Lazo, Pablo and Iriarte, Jos{\'e} L. and Vargas, Gabriel and Pantoja, Silvio and Dezileau, Laurent}
}
@article {2495,
	title = {Low-frequency storminess signal at Bermuda linked to cooling events in the North Atlantic region},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {30},
	year = {2015},
	month = {Jan-02-2015},
	pages = {52 - 76},
	abstract = {North Atlantic climate archives provide evidence for increased storm activity during the Little Ice Age (150 to 600 calibrated years (cal years) B.P.) and centered at 1700 and 3000 cal years B.P., typically in centennial-scale sedimentary records. Meteorological (tropical versus extratropical storms) and climate forcings of this signal remain poorly understood, although variability in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) or Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) are frequently hypothesized to be involved. Here we present records of late Holocene storminess and coastal temperature change from a Bermudian submarine cave that is hydrographically circulated with the coastal ocean. Thermal variability in the cave is documented by stable oxygen isotope values of cave benthic foraminifera, which document a close linkage between regional temperature change and NAO phasing during the late Holocene. However, erosion of terrestrial sediment into the submarine cave provides a {\textquotedblleft}storminess signal{\textquotedblright} that correlates with higher-latitude storminess archives and broader North Atlantic cooling events. Understanding the driver of this storminess signal will require higher-resolution storm records to disentangle the contribution of tropical versus extratropical cyclones and a better understanding of cyclone activity during hemispheric cooling periods. Most importantly, however, the signal in Bermuda appears more closely correlated with proxy-based evidence for subtle AMOC reductions than NAO phasing.},
	doi = {10.1002/2014PA002662},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/2014PA002662https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002\%2F2014PA002662},
	author = {van Hengstum, Peter J. and Donnelly, Jeffrey P. and Kingston, Andrew W. and Williams, Bruce E. and Scott, David B. and Reinhardt, Eduard G. and Little, Shawna N. and Patterson, William P.}
}
@article {11,
	title = {Palynological reconstruction of environmental changes in coastal wetlands of the Florida Everglades since the mid-Holocene},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {83},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {449-458},
	abstract = {Palynological, loss-on-ignition, and X-ray fluorescence data from a 5.25 m sediment core from a mangrove forest at the mouth of the Shark River Estuary in the southwestern Everglades National Park, Florida were used to reconstruct changes occurring in coastal wetlands since the mid-Holocene. This multi-proxy record contains the longest paleoecological history to date in the southwestern Everglades. The Shark River Estuary basin was formed ~ 5700 cal yr BP in response to increasing precipitation. Initial wetlands were frequently-burned short-hydroperiod prairies, which transitioned into long-hydroperiod prairies with sloughs in which peat deposits began to accumulate continuously about 5250 cal yr BP. Our data suggest that mangrove communities started to appear after ~ 3800 cal yr BP; declines in the abundance of charcoal suggested gradual replacement of fire-dominated wetlands by mangrove forest over the following 2650 yr. By ~ 1150 cal yr BP, a dense Rhizophora mangle dominated mangrove forest had formed at the mouth of the Shark River. The mangrove-dominated coastal ecosystem here was established at least 2000 yr later than has been previously estimated.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2015.03.005},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033589415000290},
	author = {Yao, Qiang and Liu, Kam-biu and Platt, William J. and Rivera-Monroy, Victor H.}
}
@article {27,
	title = {Radiocarbon evidence for a possible abyssal front near 3.1 km in the glacial equatorial Pacific Ocean},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {425},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {93-104},
	abstract = {We investigate the radiocarbon ventilation age in deep equatorial Pacific sediment cores using the difference in conventional 14C age between coexisting benthic and planktonic foraminifera, and integrate those results with similar data from around the North Pacific Ocean in a reconstruction for the last glaciation (15 to 25 conventional 14C ka). Most new data from both the Equatorial Pacific and the Emperor Seamounts in the northwestern Pacific come from maxima in abundance of benthic taxa because this strategy reduces the effect of bioturbation. Although there remains considerable scatter in the ventilation age estimates, on average, ventilation ages in the Equatorial Pacific were significantly greater below 3.2 km ( \~{} 3080 {\textpm} 1125 yrs , n = 15 ) than in the depth interval 1.9 to 3.0 km ( \~{} 1610 {\textpm} 250 yrs , n = 12 ). When compared to the average modern seawater Δ C 14 profile for the North Pacific, the Equatorial Pacific glacial data suggest an abyssal front located somewhere between 3.0 and 3.2 km modern water depth. Above that depth, the data may indicate slightly better ventilation than today, and below that depth, glacial Equatorial Pacific data appear to be as old as last glacial maximum (LGM) deep water ages reported for the deep southern Atlantic. This suggests that a glacial reservoir of aged waters extended throughout the circumpolar Southern Ocean and into the Equatorial Pacific. Renewed ventilation of such a large volume of aged (and, by corollary, carbon-rich) water would help to account for the rise in atmospheric pCO2 and the fall in Δ C 14 as the glaciation drew to a close.},
	issn = {0012-821X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2015.05.025},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X15003210},
	author = {Keigwin, L. D. and Lehman, S. J.}
}
@article {20,
	title = {Searching for the Oldest Baobab of Madagascar: Radiocarbon Investigation of Large Adansonia rubrostipa Trees},
	journal = {PLoS ONE},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {e0121170},
	abstract = {We extended our research on the architecture, growth and age of trees belonging to the genus Adansonia, by starting to investigate large individuals of the most widespread Malagasy species. Our research also intends to identify the oldest baobabs of Madagascar. Here we present results of the radiocarbon investigation of the two most representative Adansonia rubrostipa (fony baobab) specimens, which are located in south-western Madagascar, in the Tsimanampetsotse National Park. We found that the fony baobab called {\^a}{\texteuro}{\oe}Grandmother{\^a}{\texteuro} consists of 3 perfectly fused stems of different ages. The radiocarbon date of the oldest sample was found to be 1136 {\^A}{\textpm} 16 BP. We estimated that the oldest part of this tree, which is mainly hollow, has an age close to 1,600 yr. This value is comparable to the age of the oldest Adansonia digitata (African baobab) specimens. By its age, the Grandmother is a major candidate for the oldest baobab of Madagascar. The second investigated specimen, called the {\^a}{\texteuro}{\oe}polygamous baobab{\^a}{\texteuro}, consists of 6 partially fused stems of different ages. According to dating results, this fony baobab is 1,000 yr old. This research is the first investigation of the structure and age of Malagasy baobabs.},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0121170},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371\%2Fjournal.pone.0121170},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and von Reden, Karl F. and Danthu, Pascal and Leong Pock-Tsy, Jean-Michel and Patrut, Roxana T. and Lowy, Daniel A.}
}
@article {2481,
	title = {Sedimentation Pulse in the NE Gulf of Mexico following the 2010 DWH Blowout},
	journal = {PLOS ONE},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2015},
	month = {Feb-07-2016},
	pages = {e0132341},
	abstract = {The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil discharge at the seafloor as recorded in bottom sediments of the DeSoto Canyon region in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Through a close coupling of sedimentological, geochemical, and biological approaches, multiple independent lines of evidence from 11 sites sampled in November/December 2010 revealed that the upper ~1 cm depth interval is distinct from underlying sediments and results indicate that particles originated at the sea surface. Consistent dissimilarities in grain size over the surficial ~1 cm of sediments correspond to excess 234Th depths, which indicates a lack of vertical mixing (bioturbation), suggesting the entire layer was deposited within a 4{\textendash}5 month period. Further, a time series from four deep-sea sites sampled up to three additional times over the following two years revealed that excess 234Th depths, accumulation rates, and 234Th inventories decreased rapidly, within a few to several months after initial coring. The interpretation of a rapid sedimentation pulse is corroborated by stratification in solid phase Mn, which is linked to diagenesis and redox change, and the dramatic decrease in benthic formanifera density that was recorded in surficial sediments. Results are consistent with a brief depositional pulse that was also reported in previous studies of sediments, and marine snow formation in surface waters closer to the wellhead during the summer and fall of 2010. Although sediment input from the Mississippi River and advective transport may influence sedimentation on the seafloor in the DeSoto Canyon region, we conclude based on multidisciplinary evidence that the sedimentation pulse in late 2010 is the product of marine snow formation and is likely linked to the DWH discharge.},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0132341},
	url = {http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132341},
	author = {Brooks, Gregg R. and Larson, Rebekka A. and Schwing, Patrick T. and Romero, Isabel and Moore, Christopher and Reichart, Gert-Jan and Jilbert, Tom and Chanton, Jeff P. and Hastings, David W. and Overholt, Will A. and Marks, Kala P. and Kostka, Joel E. and Holmes, Charles W. and Hollander, David},
	editor = {Chin, Wei-Chun}
}
@article {23,
	title = {Single cell genomics indicates horizontal gene transfer and viral infections in a deep subsurface Firmicutes population},
	journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2015},
	note = {PT: J; TC: 0; UT: WOS:000352551600004},
	pages = {349-349},
	abstract = {A major fraction of Earth{\textquoteright}s prokaryotic biomass dwells in the deep subsurface, where cellular abundances per volume of sample are lower, metabolism is slower, and generation times are longer than those in surface terrestrial and marine environments. How these conditions impact biotic interactions and evolutionary processes is largely unknown. Here we employed single cell genomics to analyze cell-to-cell genome content variability and signatures of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) and viral infections in five cells of Candidatus Desulforudis audaxviator, which were collected from a three km-deep fracture water in the 2.9 Ga-old Witwatersrand Basin of South Africa. Between 0 and 32 \% of genes recovered from single cells were not present in the original, metagenomic assembly of Desulforudis, which was obtained from a neighboring subsurface fracture. We found a transposable prophage, a retron, multiple clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) and restriction-modification systems, and an unusually high frequency of transposases in the analyzed single cell genomes. This indicates that recombination, HGT and viral infections are prevalent evolutionary events in the studied population of microorganisms inhabiting a highly stable deep subsurface environment.},
	issn = {1664-302X},
	doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2015.00349},
	author = {Labonte, Jessica M. and Field, Erin K. and Lau, Maggie and Chivian, Dylan and Van Heerden, Esta and Wommack, K. Eric and Kieft, Thomas L. and Onstott, Tullis C. and Stepanauskas, Ramunas}
}
@article {559,
	title = {Sinking particle flux in the sea ice zone of the Amundsen Shelf, Antarctica},
	journal = {Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers},
	volume = {101},
	year = {2015},
	note = {Ck4reTimes Cited:4Cited References Count:38},
	month = {Jul},
	pages = {110-117},
	abstract = {We have examined the flux, biogenic composition, and isotopic values of sinking particles collected by a time-series sediment trap deployed in the sea ice zone (SIZ) of the Amundsen Sea from January 2011 for 1 year. The major portion of the particle flux occurred during the austral summer in January and February when sea ice concentration was reduced to 30 \%) and a low bio-Si/POC ratio (<0.5) during the austral winter. CaCO3 content and its contribution to total particle flux was low (~6 \%) throughout the study period. Aged POC likely supplied from sediment resuspension accounted for a considerable fraction only from October to December, which was evidenced by a low radiocarbon content and relatively high (30{\textendash}50 \%) content of the non-biogenic components. When compared with POC flux inside the Amundsen Sea polynya obtained by the US Amundsen Sea Polynya International Research Expedition (ASPIRE), the POC flux integrated over the austral summer in the SIZ was virtually identical, although the maximum POC flux was approximately half that inside the Amundsen Sea polynya. This comparatively high POC flux integrated over the austral summer in the SIZ may be caused by phytoplankton blooms persisting over a longer periods and more efficient export of organic matter potentially owing to the diatom-dominant plankton community. If this observation is a general phenomenon on the Amundsen Shelf, the role of the SIZ, compared with the polynyas, need to be examined more carefully when trying to characterize the POC export in this region.},
	issn = {0967-0637},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dsr.2015.04.002},
	author = {Kim, Minkyoung and Hwang, Jeomshik and Kim, Hyung J. and Kim, Dongseon and Yang, Eun J. and Ducklow, Hugh W. and Hyoung, S. La and Lee, Sang H. and Park, Jisoo and Lee, SangHoon}
}
@article {52,
	title = {Ad{\'e}lie penguin dietary remains reveal Holocene environmental changes in the western Ross Sea (Antarctica)},
	journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},
	volume = {395},
	year = {2014},
	note = {id: 2347},
	pages = {21-28},
	abstract = {Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses were performed on modern and Holocene Ad{\'e}lie penguin guano samples collected from ornithogenic soils along the Scott Coast (Southern Victoria Land, Antarctica), from Cape Irizar to Dunlop Island, and at Cape Bird (Ross Island). Guano samples also were sieved and sorted under stereomicroscope in order to select penguin dietary remains, such as fish bones and otoliths. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope composition, coupled with the taxonomic identification of fish otoliths from Scott Coast Holocene samples, indicated a mainly fish-based diet for this area, with Pleuragramma antarcticum as the most eaten prey throughout the investigated period (from 390 cal BP to ca 7300 cal BP). The isotopic values of Ross Island samples (from modern to 3850 cal BP) showed a krill consumption increase in the samples younger than 2000 cal BP, with the maximum in modern samples. Scott Coast and Ross Island Holocene samples showed δ13C and δ15N trends similar to those previously published from Terra Nova Bay (northern Victoria Land), whereas modern samples from Ross Island have similar δ15N composition but different δ13C values. This δ13C divergence started at ca 2000 BP and follows the abandonment of the Scott Coast colonies. The δ13C trend observed in Ross Island and Terra Nova Bay samples and the abandonment of the Scott Coast colonies could suggest the stability and the persistence of the previous oceanographic conditions (i.e. polynya) for the Terra Nova Bay area and the establishment of new conditions for water circulation in the Southern Ross Sea since ~ 2000 BP when persistent sea-ice sealed the Scott Coast.},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.12.014},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018213005440},
	author = {Lorenzini, Sandra and Baroni, Carlo and Baneschi, Ilaria and Salvatore, Maria Cristina and Fallick, Anthony E. and Hall, Brenda L.}
}
@article {2587,
	title = {Deglacial ?18O and hydrologic variability in the tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {387},
	year = {2014},
	month = {Jan-02-2014},
	pages = {240 - 251},
	abstract = {Evidence from geologic archives suggests that there were large changes in the tropical hydrologic cycle associated with the two prominent northern hemisphere deglacial cooling events, Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1; \~{}19 to 15 kyr BP; kyr BP = 1000 yr before present) and the Younger Dryas (\~{}12.9 to 11.7 kyr BP). These hydrologic shifts have been alternatively attributed to high and low latitude origin. Here, we present a new record of hydrologic variability based on planktic foraminifera-derived δ18O of seawater (δ18Osw) estimates from a sediment core from the tropical Eastern Indian Ocean, and using 12 additional δ18Osw records, construct a single record of the dominant mode of tropical Eastern Equatorial Pacific and Indo-Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP) hydrologic variability. We show that deglacial hydrologic shifts parallel variations in the reconstructed interhemispheric temperature gradient, suggesting a strong response to variations in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and the attendant heat redistribution. A transient model simulation of the last deglaciation suggests that hydrologic changes, including a southward shift in the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) which likely occurred during these northern hemisphere cold events, coupled with oceanic advection and mixing, resulted in increased salinity in the Indonesian region of the IPWP and the eastern tropical Pacific, which is recorded by the δ18Osw proxy. Based on our observations and modeling results we suggest the interhemispheric temperature gradient directly controls the tropical hydrologic cycle on these time scales, which in turn mediates poleward atmospheric heat transport.},
	keywords = {Deglaciation, Eastern Equatorial Pacific, heat transport, Indo-Pacific, δ18O of seawater},
	issn = {0012821X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2013.11.032},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.11.032},
	author = {Gibbons, Fern T. and Oppo, Delia W. and Mohtadi, Mahyar and Rosenthal, Yair and Cheng, Jun and Liu, Zhengyu and Linsley, Braddock K.}
}
@article {55,
	title = {The high-supply, current-dominated continental margin of southeastern South America during the late Quaternary},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {81},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {339-354},
	abstract = {The continental margin off the La Plata Estuary (SE South America) is characterized by high fluvial sediment supply and strong ocean currents. High-resolution sediment-acoustic data combined with sedimentary facies analysis, AMS-14C ages, and neodymium isotopic data allowed us to reconstruct late Quaternary sedimentary dynamics in relation to the two major sediment sources, the La Plata Estuary and the Argentine margin. Sediments from these two provinces show completely different dispersal patterns. We show that the northward-trending La Plata paleo-valley was the sole transit path for the huge volumes of fluvial material during lower sea levels. In contrast, material from the Argentine margin sector was transported northwards by the strong current system. Despite the large sediment volumes supplied by both sources, wide parts of the shelf were characterized by either persistent non-deposition or local short-term depocenter formation. The location and formation history of these depocenters were primarily controlled by the interplay of sea level with current strength and local morphology. The high sediment supply was of secondary importance to the stratigraphic construction, though locally resulting in high sedimentation rates. Thus, the shelf system off the La Plata Estuary can be considered as a hydrodynamic-controlled end-member.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2014.01.003},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033589414000052},
	author = {Lantzsch, Hendrik and Hanebuth, Till J. J. and Chiessi, Cristiano M. and Schwenk, Tilmann and Violante, Roberto A.}
}
@article {54,
	title = {Holocene fluctuations of Bregne ice cap, Scoresby Sund, east Greenland: a proxy for climate along the Greenland Ice Sheet margin},
	journal = {APEX II: Arctic Palaeoclimate and its Extremes},
	volume = {92},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {357-368},
	abstract = {The Greenland Ice Sheet is a major component of the Arctic cryosphere and the magnitude of its response to future climate changes remains uncertain. Longer-term records of climate near the ice sheet margin provide information about natural climate variability and can be used to understand the causes of past changes in the Greenland Ice Sheet. As a proxy for Holocene climate near the ice sheet margin, we reconstruct the fluctuations of Bregne ice cap in the Scoresby Sund region of central east Greenland. Bregne is a small ice cap (2.5 km2 in area) and responds sensitively to summer temperatures. We employ a multi-proxy approach to reconstruct the ice cap fluctuations using geomorphic mapping, 10Be ages of boulders and bedrock and lake sediment records. Past extents of Bregne ice cap are marked by moraines and registered by sediments in downvalley lakes. 10Be ages of bedrock and boulders outboard of the moraines indicate that Bregne ice cap was within \~{}250 m of its present-day limit by at least 10.7 ka. Multi-proxy data from sediments in Two Move lake, located downvalley from Bregne ice cap, indicate that the ice cap likely completely disappeared during early and middle Holocene time. Increasing magnetic susceptibility and percent clastic material from \~{}6.5 to \~{}1.9 cal ka BP in Two Move lake sediments suggest progressively colder conditions and increased snow accumulation on the highlands west of the lake. Laminated silt deposited at \~{}2.6 cal ka BP and \~{}1.9 cal ka BP to present registers the onset and persistence of Bregne ice cap during the late Holocene. 10Be ages of boulders on an unweathered, unvegetated moraine in the Bregne ice cap forefield range from 0.74 to 9.60 ka. The youngest 10Be age (0.74 ka) likely represents the age of the moraine whereas older ages may be due to 10Be inherited from prior periods of exposure. This late Holocene moraine marks the second largest advance of the ice cap since deglaciation of the region at the end of the last ice age. The oldest moraine in the forefield dates to <=2.6 cal ka BP. The fluctuations of Bregne ice cap were likely influenced by Northern Hemisphere summer insolation throughout the Holocene and abrupt late Holocene cold events.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.06.024},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379113002448},
	author = {Levy, Laura B. and Kelly, Meredith A. and Lowell, Thomas V. and Hall, Brenda L. and Hempel, Laura A. and Honsaker, William M. and Lusas, Amanda R. and Howley, Jennifer A. and Axford, Yarrow L.}
}
@article {69,
	title = {Holocene sea-surface temperature variability in the Chilean fjord region},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {82},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {342-353},
	abstract = {Here we provide three new Holocene (11{\textendash}0 cal ka BP) alkenone-derived sea surface temperature (SST) records from the southernmost Chilean fjord region (50{\textendash}53{\textdegree}S). SST estimates may be biased towards summer temperature in this region, as revealed by a large set of surface sediments. The Holocene records show consistently warmer than present-day SSTs except for the past ~ 0.6 cal ka BP. However, they do not exhibit an early Holocene temperature optimum as registered further north off Chile and in Antarctica. This may have resulted from a combination of factors including decreased inflow of warmer open marine waters due to lower sea-level stands, enhanced advection of colder and fresher inner fjord waters, and stronger westerly winds. During the mid-Holocene, pronounced short-term variations of up to 2.5{\textdegree}C and a cooling centered at ~ 5 cal ka BP, which coincides with the first Neoglacial glacier advance in the Southern Andes, are recorded. The latest Holocene is characterized by two pronounced cold events centered at ~ 0.6 and 0.25 cal ka BP, i.e., during the Little Ice Age. These cold events have lower amplitudes in the offshore records, suggesting an amplification of the SST signal in the inner fjords.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2014.07.009},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033589414000933},
	author = {Caniup{\'a}n, Magaly and Lamy, Frank and Lange, Carina B. and Kaiser, J{\'e}r{\^o}me and Kilian, Rolf and Arz, Helge W. and Le{\'o}n, Tania and Mollenhauer, Gesine and Sandoval, Susana and De Pol-Holz, Ricardo and Pantoja, Silvio and Wellner, Julia and Tiedemann, Ralf}
}
@article {2585,
	title = {Indonesian vegetation response to changes in rainfall seasonality over the past 25,000 years},
	journal = {Nature Geoscience},
	volume = {7449278721172063253871891072011563523665412739429544323},
	year = {2014},
	month = {Jan-06-2014},
	pages = {513 - 517},
	abstract = {The hydrologic response to climate forcing in the Indo-Pacific warm pool region has varied spatially over the past 25,000 years1, 2, 3, 4, 5. For example, drier conditions are inferred on Java and Borneo for the period following the end of the Last Glacial Maximum, whereas wetter conditions are reconstructed for northwest Australia4. The response of vegetation to these past rainfall variations is poorly constrained. Using a suite of 30 surface marine sediment samples from throughout the Indo-Pacific warm pool, we demonstrate that today the stable isotopic composition of vascular plant fatty acids (δ13Cfa) reflects the regional vegetation composition. This in turn is controlled by the seasonality of rainfall consistent with dry season water stress6. Applying this proxy in a sediment core from offshore northeast Borneo, we show broadly similar vegetation cover during the Last Glacial Maximum and the Holocene, suggesting that, despite generally drier glacial conditions1, 7, there was no pronounced dry season. In contrast, δ13Cfa and pollen data from a core off the coast of Sumba indicate an expansion of C4 herbs during the most recent glaciation, implying enhanced aridity and water stress during the dry season. Holocene vegetation trends are also consistent with a response to dry season water stress. We therefore conclude that vegetation in tropical monsoon regions is susceptible to increases in water stress arising from an enhanced seasonality of rainfall, as has occurred8 in past decades.},
	keywords = {Palaeoclimate, Palaeoecology},
	issn = {1752-0894},
	doi = {10.1038/ngeo2182},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/ngeo2182},
	author = {Dubois, Nathalie and Oppo, Delia W. and Galy, Valier V. and Mohtadi, Mahyar and van der Kaars, Sander and Tierney, Jessica E. and Rosenthal, Yair and Eglinton, Timothy I. and L?ckge, Andreas and Linsley, Braddock K.}
}
@article {73,
	title = {Isotopic evidence for anthropogenic impacts on aquatic food web dynamics and mercury cycling in a subtropical wetland ecosystem in the US},
	journal = {Science of The Total Environment},
	volume = {487},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {557-564},
	abstract = {Quantifying and predicting the food web consequences of anthropogenic changes is difficult using traditional methods (based on gut content analysis) because natural food webs are variable and complex. Here, stable and radioactive carbon isotopes are used, in conjunction with nitrogen isotopes and mercury (Hg) concentration data, to document the effects of land-use change on food webs and Hg bioaccumulation in the Everglades {\textendash} a subtropical wetland ecosystem in the US. Isotopic signatures of largemouth bass and sunfish in reference (relatively pristine) wetlands indicate reliance on the food supply of modern primary production within the wetland. In contrast, both fish in areas impacted by agricultural runoff had radiocarbon ages as old as 540 years B.P., and larger isotopic variability than counterparts in reference wetlands, reflecting differences in the food web between impacted and reference wetlands. Consistent with this difference, particulate and dissolved organic matter in impacted areas had old radiocarbon ages (> 600 years B.P.), indicating that old carbon derived from historic peat deposits in the Everglades Agricultural Area was passed along the food chain to consumers. Significant radiocarbon deficiencies in largemouth bass and sunfish, relative to mosquitofish, in impacted areas most likely indicate a reduced dependence on small fish. Furthermore, largemouth bass and sunfish from impacted areas had much lower Hg contents than those from reference wetlands. Taken together, these data suggest a shift toward lower trophic levels and a possible reduction in mercury methylation in impacted wetlands. Our study provides clear evidence that hydrological modification and land-use change in the Everglades have changed the system from one driven primarily by in-situ productivity to one that is partially dependent on allochthonous carbon input from peat soils in the agricultural area and altered the Hg biogeochemical cycle in the wetlands. The results have implications for the restoration and management of wetland ecosystems.},
	issn = {0048-9697},
	doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.060},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969714005701},
	author = {Wang, Yang and Gu, Binhe and Lee, Ming-Kuo and Jiang, Shijun and Xu, Yingfeng}
}
@article {53,
	title = {Long-term hydrological changes in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico (ODP-625B) during the Holocene and late Pleistocene inferred from organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts},
	journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},
	volume = {414},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {178-191},
	abstract = {Palynological analyses are used in conjunction with oxygen isotopes and Mg/Ca ratios in foraminifers in order to document the response of dinoflagellate cysts (dinocysts) assemblages to changing climate conditions in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico over the Holocene and late Pleistocene. During MIS 6, but also during the cooler phases of MIS 5, Impagidinium species and Operculodinium centrocarpum were dominating the assemblages. By contrast, during the last interglacial (LIG) and the Holocene, assemblages were mainly composed of Spiniferites taxa and characterized by high relative abundance of Spiniferites mirabilis-hyperacanthus, Operculodinium israelianum and/or Polysphaeridium zoharyi. These two periods exhibit ~ 1-2 {\textdegree}C difference in temperature as inferred from Mg/Ca ratios and show significantly distinct assemblages, with higher percentages of S. mirabilis during the LIG and higher percentages of P. zoharyi during the Holocene. This likely denotes important differences in the hydrogeographical conditions (e.g. surface circulation, bathymetric configuration) between the present and last interglacial. The importance of environmental parameters other than temperature and salinity for dinocyst assemblage dynamics is furthermore illustrated.},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.08.019},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018214004258},
	author = {Limoges, Audrey and de Vernal, Anne and Van Nieuwenhove, Nicolas}
}
@article {58,
	title = {Modeling environmental factors affecting assimilation of bomb-produced Δ14C in the North Pacific Ocean: Implications for age validation studies},
	journal = {Ecological Modelling},
	volume = {277},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {108-118},
	abstract = {The bomb-produced radiocarbon (14C) chronometer has become the gold standard for assessing the accuracy of otolith growth ring based fish age estimates. In the northeast Pacific Ocean, nearly a dozen age validation studies have been conducted, ranging from California to Alaska, most of which have relied on a single reference chronology from the Gulf of Alaska. We developed a Bayesian hierarchical model using data sets of bomb-produced radiocarbon in the northeast Pacific Ocean and investigated whether latitude and upwelling exerts an influence on the parameters that describe the rapid Δ14C increase in marine calcium carbonates. Models incorporating both latitude and upwelling as linear covariates of a 4-parameter logistic model were favored based on ΔDIC statistics. There was substantial evidence to support that the timing of the Δ14C pulse was advanced and that total Δ14C uptake increased with increasing latitude. In contrast, increased oceanographic upwelling resulted in lower total radiocarbon input as well as a delay in the timing of the pulse curve, as was demonstrated in the upwelling dominated California Current System. Within the observed latitudinal and upwelling range of the data sets examined in this study the predicted timing of the bomb pulse curve varied by as much as 3 years, which could be misinterpreted as aging error. Our results suggest that new reference chronologies may be needed for regions of the North Pacific Ocean differing in latitude, seasonal upwelling strength and other mixing factors that can potentially change the functional form of the Δ14C curve.},
	issn = {0304-3800},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.01.011},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304380014000453},
	author = {Helser, Thomas E. and Kastelle, Craig R. and Lai, Han-lin}
}
@article {63,
	title = {Origin, composition, and transformation of dissolved organic matter in tropical peatlands},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {137},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {35-47},
	abstract = {Solid and dissolved organic matter (DOM) compositions were investigated in a pristine and a deforested tropical peat forest in Brunei Darussalam. A combination of elemental (\%C, \%N, C/N), isotopic (δ15N, δ13C, Δ14C), molecular (lignin phenol biomarkers) and optical (Specific UV Absorbance at 280 nm (SUVA280), fluorescence index (FI)) analyses were performed to characterize DOM in porewater and river water. The DOM composition was compared to vegetation and peat to assess DOM origin and transformations in the ecosystem. Significant relationships were observed between optical properties (SUVA280, FI) and bulk (Δ14C) and molecular (ratio of cinnamyl to vanillyl phenols, C/V) composition of DOM. The radiocarbon content of DOM shows that it is modern at both sites for both surface and deep (to 4.5 m) samples (Δ14C = 74.58 {\textpm} 8.53{\textperthousand} at the pristine site and Δ14C = 87.84 {\textpm} 4.5{\textperthousand} at the deforested site for the first 2 meters), indicating transport of young DOM to deeper layers. Stable carbon-13 content of vegetation, peat and DOM showed only slight fractionation and ranged from -32.2{\textperthousand} to -28.3{\textperthousand}. Nitrogen showed a greater shift between ecosystem pools. Nitrogen-15 content was higher in the solid peat (δ15N = -0.92 {\textpm} 0.49{\textperthousand} in the pristine site, δ15N = -1.22 {\textpm} 1.37{\textperthousand} in the deforested site) than in DOM (δ15N = -4.2 {\textpm} 2.5{\textperthousand} in the pristine site, δ15N = -4.1 {\textpm} 2.3{\textperthousand} in the deforested site). This difference in δ15N is significantly correlated with the C/N values of peat and DOM and attributable to higher microbial degradation in the peat compared to DOM. Porewater DOM contains less lignin (λ8 = 1.10 {\textpm} 0.27 mg 100 mg dw-1 in the pristine site and λ8 = 1.38 {\textpm} 0.46 mg 100 mg dw-1 in the deforested site) than does the solid peat (λ8 = 5.66 {\textpm} 2.14 mg 100 mg dw-1 in the pristine site and λ8 = 10.29 {\textpm} 4.69 mg 100 mg dw-1 in the deforested site). All indicators of lignin degradation (P/(V + S), 3,5Bd/V, (Ad/Al)V, (Ad/Al)S) are significantly higher in DOM than in the solid peat. This shows that lignin can be processed rapidly in the porewater of upper layers of tropical peatlands. Logging activity affected the composition of organic matter at the deforested site. Higher lignin content (λ8) was observed in the solid peat, and the composition of DOM differed greatly in the deforested site: Δ14C, FI, 3,5Bd/V, (Ad/Al)V are significantly different from the pristine site. Thus it appears that the composition of DOM is more sensitive than the solid phase to the effects of land use change on organic matter dynamic in tropical peatlands.},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2014.03.012},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016703714001768},
	author = {Gandois, L. and Teisserenc, R. and Cobb, A. R. and Chieng, H. I. and Lim, L. B. L. and Kamariah, A. S. and Hoyt, A. and Harvey, C. F.}
}
@article {2456,
	title = {Particle sorting during sediment redistribution processes and the effect on <sup>230</sup>               Th-normalized mass accumulation rates},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {41},
	year = {2014},
	month = {Apr-08-2015},
	pages = {5547 - 5554},
	abstract = {The 230Th method of determining mass accumulation rates (MARs) assumes that little to no fractionation occurs during sediment redistribution processes at the seafloor. We examine 230Th inventories in radiocarbon-dated multicore sediments from paired winnowed and focused sites at Cocos and Carnegie Ridges, Panama Basin. Radiocarbon-derived sand MARs, which likely represent the vertical rain of particles poorly transported by bottom currents, are similar at each of the paired sites but are different using 230Th normalization. 230Th-normalized MARs are about 60\% lower at focused sites and likely underestimate vertical MARs, while the reverse is true for winnowed sites. We hypothesize that size fractionation occurs most frequently at lower current velocities, resulting in the coarse fraction being left behind and primarily the fine 230Th-rich grains being transported downslope. 230Th-normalization works well for recording fine-grained (detrital and opal), but not coarse-grained (carbonate), fluxes in regions that have undergone sediment redistribution.},
	doi = {10.1002/2014GL060477},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/2014GL060477https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002\%2F2014GL060477},
	author = {Marcantonio, Franco and Lyle, Mitchell and Ibrahim, Rami}
}
@article { ISI:000359186200001,
	title = {Phylogeny and phylogeography of functional genes shared among seven terrestrial subsurface metagenomes reveal N-cycling and microbial evolutionary relationships},
	journal = {FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2014},
	month = {OCT 31},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Comparative studies on community phylogenetics and phylogeography of microorganisms living in extreme environments are rare. Terrestrial subsurface habitats are valuable for studying microbial biogeographical patterns due to their isolation and the restricted dispersal mechanisms. Since the taxonomic identity of a microorganism does not always correspond well with its functional role in a particular community, the use of taxonomic assignments or patterns may give limited inference on how microbial functions are affected by historical, geographical and environmental factors. With seven metagenomic libraries generated from fracture water samples collected from five South African mines, this study was carried out to (1) screen for ubiquitous functions or pathways of biogeochemical cycling of CH4, S, and N; (2) to characterize the biodiversity represented by the common functional genes; (3) to investigate the subsurface biogeography as revealed by this subset of genes; and (4) to explore the possibility of using metagenomic data for evolutionary study. The ubiquitous functional genes are NarV, NPD, PAPS reductase, NifH, NifD, NifK, NifE, and NifN genes. Although these eight common functional genes were taxonomically and phylogenetically diverse and distinct from each other, the dissimilarity between samples did not correlate strongly with geographical or environmental parameters or residence time of the water. Por genes homologous to those of Thermodesulfovibrio yellowstonii detected in all metagenomes were deep lineages of Nitrospirae, suggesting that subsurface habitats have preserved ancestral genetic signatures that inform the study of the origin and evolution of prokaryotes.},
	keywords = {evolution, functional genes, N-cycle, phylogenetics, phylogeny, phylogeography, terrestrial subsurface},
	issn = {1664-302X},
	doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2014.00531},
	author = {Lau, Maggie C. Y. and Cameron, Connor and Magnabosco, Cara and Brown, C. Titus and Schilkey, Faye and Grim, Sharon and Hendrickson, Sarah and Pullin, Michael and Lollar, Barbara Sherwood and Van Heerden, Esta and Kieft, Thomas L. and Onstott, Tullis C.}
}
@article {38,
	title = {Unusual C35 to C38 alkenones in mid-Holocene sediments from a restricted estuary (Charlotte Harbor, Florida)},
	journal = {Organic Geochemistry},
	volume = {70},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {20-28},
	abstract = {Unusual C35 to C38 alkenones were identified in mid-Holocene (8{\textendash}3.5 kyr BP) sediments from a restricted estuary in southwest Florida (Charlotte Harbor). The distribution was dominated by a C36 diunsaturated (ω15,20) ethyl ketone, identical to the one present in Black Sea Unit 2 sediments. Other unusual alkenones were tentatively assigned as a C35:2 (ω15,20) methyl ketone, a C37:2 (ω17,22) methyl ketone and a C38:2 (ω17,22) ethyl ketone. In late Holocene sediments < 3.5 kyr BP, the common C37 to C39 alkenones were found. Compound-specific 14C, 13C, and D isotope measurements were used to constrain the possible origin of the alkenones. Conventional radiocarbon ages of alkenones and higher plant-derived long chain n-alcohols indicated no significant difference in age between mid-Holocene alkenones and higher plant n-alcohols. Both alcohols and alkenones were offset vs. calibrated ages of shell fragments in the same sediment core, which suggests they were pre-aged by 500{\textendash}800 yr, implying resuspension and redistribution of the fine-grained sedimentary particles with which they are associated. The hydrogen isotopic (δD) composition (-190{\textperthousand} to -200{\textperthousand}) of the C37 and C38 alkenones in the late Holocene sediments is in line with values for coastal haptophytes in brackish water. However, the unusual C36 and C38 alkenones from the mid Holocene sediments were enriched in D (by ca. 100{\textperthousand}) vs. the late Holocene alkenones. Also, δ13C values of mid-Holocene alkenones were consistently offset compared with late Holocene alkenones (-21{\textperthousand} to -22{\textperthousand} and -22{\textperthousand} to -23{\textperthousand}, respectively). We suggest that the alkenones in Charlotte Harbor were produced by unknown alkenone-producing haptophyte.},
	issn = {0146-6380},
	doi = {10.1016/j.orggeochem.2014.01.021},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0146638014000345},
	author = {van Soelen, E. E. and Lammers, J. M. and Eglinton, T. I. and Sinninghe Damst{\'e}, J. S. and Reichart, G. J.}
}
@article {88,
	title = {AMS radiocarbon investigation of the African baobab: Searching for the oldest tree},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments \& Methods in Physics Research Section B-Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
	volume = {294},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2246; PT: J; CT: 12th International Conference on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS); CY: MAR 20-25, 2011; CL: Wellington, NEW ZEALAND; TC: 0; UT: WOS:000313234300120},
	pages = {622-626},
	abstract = {The Glencoe baobab, a very large specimen from South Africa, split twice in 2009. Several wood samples were collected from the eastern cavity, from the outer part of the main section and also from the largest broken segment which was connected to this section. These wood samples were processed and investigated by AMS radiocarbon dating. The radiocarbon date of the oldest sample was found to be 1838 +/- 21 BP, which corresponds to a calibrated age of 1835 +/- 40 years. Thus, the Glencoe baobab becomes the oldest dated baobab and also the oldest angiosperm tree with accurate dating results. The distribution of dating results revealed that the Glencoe baobab is a multi-generation tree, with several standing or collapsed and partially fused stems, showing different ages. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0168-583X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.nimb.2012.04.025},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and von Reden, Karl F. and Mayne, Diana H. and Lowy, Daniel A. and Patrut, Roxana T.}
}
@article {87,
	title = {Anatomy of the La Jolla Submarine Canyon system; offshore southern California},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {335},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2302},
	pages = {16-34},
	abstract = {An autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) carrying a multibeam sonar and a chirp profiler was used to map sections of the seafloor within the La Jolla Canyon, offshore southern California, at sub-meter scales. Close-up observations and sampling were conducted during remotely operated vehicle (ROV) dives. Minisparker seismic-reflection profiles from a surface ship help to define the overall geometry of the La Jolla Canyon especially with respect to the pre-canyon host sediments. The floor of the axial channel is covered with unconsolidated sand similar to the sand on the shelf near the canyon head, lacks outcrops of the pre-canyon host strata, has an almost constant slope of 1.0{\textdegree} and is covered with trains of crescent shaped bedforms. The presence of modern plant material entombed within these sands confirms that the axial channel is presently active. The sand on the canyon floor liquefied during vibracore collection and flowed downslope, illustrating that the sediment filling the channel can easily fail even on this gentle slope. Data from the canyon walls help constrain the age of the canyon and extent of incision. Horizontal beds of moderately cohesive fine-grained sediments exposed on the steep canyon walls are consistently less than 1.232 million years old. The lateral continuity of seismic reflectors in minisparker profiles indicate that pre-canyon host strata extend uninterrupted from outside the canyon underneath some terraces within the canyon. Evidence of abandoned channels and point bar-like deposits are noticeably absent on the inside bend of channel meanders and in the subsurface of the terraces. While vibracores from the surface of terraces contain thin (},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2012.10.003},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025322712002150},
	author = {Paull, C. K. and Caress, D. W. and Lundsten, E. and Gwiazda, R. and Anderson, K. and McGann, M. and Conrad, J. and Edwards, B. and Sumner, E. J.}
}
@article { ISI:000319344100038,
	title = {Annually Resolved Ice Core Records of Tropical Climate Variability over the Past similar to 1800 Years},
	journal = {SCIENCE},
	volume = {340},
	number = {{6135}},
	year = {2013},
	month = {MAY 24},
	pages = {945-950},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Ice cores from low Latitudes can provide a wealth of unique information about past climate in the tropics, but they are difficult to recover and few exist. Here, we report annually resolved ice core records from the Quelccaya ice cap (5670 meters above sea level) in Peru that extend back similar to 1800 years and provide a high-resolution record of climate variability there. Oxygen isotopic ratios (delta O-18) are linked to sea surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific, whereas concentrations of ammonium and nitrate document the dominant role played by the migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone in the region of the tropical Andes. Quetccaya continues to retreat and thin. Radiocarbon dates on wetland plants exposed along its retreating margins indicate that it has not been smaller for at least six millennia.},
	issn = {0036-8075},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1234210},
	author = {Thompson, L. G. and Mosley-Thompson, E. and Davis, M. E. and Zagorodnov, V. S. and Howat, I. M. and Mikhatenko, V. N. and Lin, P. -N.}
}
@article {118,
	title = {Bomb radiocarbon dating of the endangered white abalone (Haliotis sorenseni): investigations of age, growth and lifespan},
	journal = {Marine and Freshwater Research},
	volume = {64},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2351; PT: J; TC: 0; UT: WOS:000326166400004},
	pages = {1029-1039},
	abstract = {Understanding basic life-history characteristics of white abalone (Haliotis sorenseni), such as estimated lifespan, is critical to making informed decisions regarding the recovery of this endangered species. All predictive modelling tools used to forecast the status and health of populations following restoration activities depend on a validated estimate of adult lifespan. Of the seven Haliotis species in California, white abalone is considered to have the highest extinction risk and was the first marine invertebrate listed as an endangered species under the Federal Endangered Species Act (ESA). Lifespan was previously estimated from observations of early growth; however, no study has generated ages for the largest white abalone. To address questions of age and growth, bomb radiocarbon (C-14) dating was used on shells from large white abalone. Measured bomb C-14 levels were compared to regional C-14 reference records to provide estimates of age, growth and lifespan. Bomb radiocarbon dating indicated that growth was variable among individuals, with a maximum estimated age of 27 years. The findings presented here provide support for previous age and growth estimates and an estimated lifespan near 30 years. These age data support the perception of a critical need for restoring the remnant aging and potentially senescent population.},
	issn = {1323-1650},
	doi = {10.1071/MF13007},
	author = {Andrews, Allen H. and Leaf, Robert T. and Rogers-Bennett, Laura and Neuman, Melissa and Hawk, Heather and Cailliet, Gregor M.}
}
@article {93,
	title = {Carbonate as sputter target material for rapid C-14 AMS},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments \& Methods in Physics Research Section B-Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
	volume = {294},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2244; PT: J; CT: 12th International Conference on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS); CY: MAR 20-25, 2011; CL: Wellington, NEW ZEALAND; TC: 0; UT: WOS:000313234300064},
	pages = {328-334},
	abstract = {This paper describes a technique for measuring the C-14 content of carbonate samples by producing C- ions directly in the negative ion sputter source of an accelerator mass spectrometer CAMS) system. This direct analysis of carbonate material eliminates the time and expense of graphite preparation. Powdered carbonate is mixed with titanium powder, loaded into a target cartridge, and compressed. Beam currents for optimally-sized carbonate targets (0.09-0.15 mg C) are typically 10-20\% of those produced by optimally-sized graphite targets (0.5-1 mg C). Modern (>0.8 Fm) samples run by this method have standard deviations of 0.009 Fm or less, and near-modern samples run as unknowns agree with values from traditional hydrolysis/graphite to better than 2\%. Targets with as little as 0.06 mg carbonate produce useable ion currents and results, albeit with increased error and larger blank. In its current state, direct sputtering is best applied to problems where a large number of analyses with lower precision are required. These applications could include age surveys of deep-sea corals for determination of historic population dynamics, to identify samples that would benefit from high precision analysis, and for growth rate studies of organisms forming carbonate skeletons. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0168-583X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.nimb.2012.05.014},
	author = {Longworth, Brett E. and Robinson, Laura F. and Roberts, Mark L. and Beaupr{\'e}, Steven R. and Burke, Andrea and W. J. Jenkins}
}
@article {95,
	title = {Diagenetic changes in Lake Superior sediments as seen from FTIR and 2D correlation spectroscopy},
	journal = {Organic Geochemistry},
	volume = {58},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2319},
	pages = {125-136},
	abstract = {Isotopic and elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), principal components analysis (PCA) and two dimensional (2D) correlation analysis, where core depth was used as perturbation, were used to study the diagenesis of organic matter (OM) in Lake Superior sediments. Changes in OM composition were examined at five lake stations over a depth range of 0{\textendash}10 cm. PCA results show that depth-related changes among sites are similar, leading to an increased contribution from inorganic (and possibly refractory aromatic organic) components at each site, and a loss of contribution from other organic components. Synchronous spectra reveal that aliphatic esters and carbohydrates are degraded significantly with increasing depth, leading to an increased contribution from clay/biogenic silica/inactive carbohydrates. Asynchronous spectra show that, in general, carboxyl groups, including aliphatic ester and amide in protein, are degraded first, followed by a group of carbohydrates and then aromatic compounds and/or the SiO framework in clay and biogenic silica. Site dependent compositional variation occurs and appears to be influenced by topography and geology, e.g. the delivery of a larger load of terrestrial inorganic silicate minerals to certain sites and re-suspension/re-deposition, leading to less intensive down core variation at mid-lake central and eastern basin sites. The study demonstrates the usefulness of FTIR coupled with PCA and 2D correlation approaches for exploring structural changes in sedimentary material during diagenesis.},
	issn = {0146-6380},
	doi = {10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.03.002},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0146638013000533},
	author = {Li, Hongyu and Minor, Elizabeth C. and Zigah, Prosper K.}
}
@article {104,
	title = {Extensive recession of Cordillera Darwin glaciers in southernmost South America during Heinrich Stadial 1},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {62},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2331},
	pages = {49-55},
	abstract = {The geographic expression and phasing of events during the last termination are important for isolating mechanisms that caused Earth to emerge from the last ice age. Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1; 14,600{\textendash}18,000 yr BP) is a key because of the central role that its far-field effects had on the last termination in the Southern Hemisphere. Here, we present new data from Cordillera Darwin that show rapid glacier recession in southern South America during HS1. This retreat was coeval with ice recession elsewhere in South America and New Zealand, with increased upwelling in the Southern Ocean, with warming of SSTs offshore of Chile, and with a rise in atmospheric CO2. Together, these data indicate a coherent and rapid response to the effects of HS1 in the middle and high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.11.026},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379112005057},
	author = {Hall, Brenda L. and Porter, Charles T. and Denton, George H. and Lowell, Thomas V. and Bromley, Gordon R. M.}
}
@article {2500,
	title = {Heightened hurricane activity on the Little Bahama Bank from 1350 to 1650 AD},
	journal = {Elsevier},
	volume = {86},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {103-115},
	abstract = {Deciphering how the climate system has controlled North Atlantic tropical cyclone activity through the Holocene will require a larger observational network of prehistoric hurricane activity. Problematically, the tropical North Atlantic is dominated by carbonate landscapes that typically preserve poorer quality coastal sediment records in comparison to their temperate-region counterparts (e.g., sedimentation continuity and rate). Coastal karst basins (CKBs), such as sinkholes, blueholes, and underwater caves, are widely distributed on carbonate platforms and contain overlooked sedimentary records. Here we present a millennium of hurricane deposits on the Little Bahama Bank archived in a 165 cm core that was extracted from 69 m below sea level in a bluehole on Great Abaco Island, The Bahamas. The coarse- grained overwash deposits associated with both hurricanes Jeanne (2004) and Floyd (1999) were identified using radioisotopes (137Cs,14
C,210Pb), and indicate that the bluehole is sensitive to hurricane- induced sedimentation. Over the last millennium, the Little Bahama Bank experienced heightened hurricane activity from 1350 to 1650 AD. The simplest explanation for this active interval is that favorable climate conditions (El Ni{\~n}o, West African Monsoon, and sea surface temperatures) encouraged North Atlantic hurricane activity at that time. However, asynchronous hurricane activity at similar latitudes in
the North Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico suggest that regional oceanography has modulated or amplified regional hurricane activity over the last millennium.},
	keywords = {Abaco, Bahamas, Blue hole, hurricanes, Paleotempestology},
	issn = {0278-4343},
	author = {van Hengstum, P.J. and Donnelly, J.P. and Toomey, M.R and Albury, N.A. and Lane, P. and Kakuk, B.}
}
@article {2522,
	title = {Holocene temperature history at the western Greenland Ice Sheet margin reconstructed from lake sediments},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {59},
	year = {2013},
	month = {Jan-01-2013},
	pages = {87 - 100},
	abstract = {Predicting the response of the Greenland Ice Sheet to future climate change presents a major challenge to climate science. Paleoclimate data from Greenland can provide empirical constraints on past cryospheric responses to climate change, complementing insights from contemporary observations and from modeling. Here we examine sedimentary records from five lakes near Jakobshavn Isbr{\ae} in central West Greenland to investigate the timing and magnitude of major Holocene climate changes, for comparison with glacial geologic reconstructions from the region. A primary objective of this study is to constrain the timing and magnitude of maximum warmth during the early to middle Holocene positive anomaly in summer insolation. Temperature reconstructions from subfossil insect (chironomid) assemblages suggest that summer temperatures were warmer than present by at least 7.1 ka (the beginning of the North Lake record; ka = thousands of years before present), and that the warmest millennia of the Holocene occurred in the study area between 6 and 4 ka. Previous studies in the Jakobshavn region have found that the local Greenland Ice Sheet margin was most retracted behind its present position between 6 and 5 ka, and here we use chironomids to estimate that local summer temperatures were 2{\textendash}3 {\textdegree}C warmer than present during that time of minimum ice sheet extent. As summer insolation declined through the late Holocene, summer temperatures cooled and the local ice sheet margin expanded. Gradual, insolation-driven millennial-scale temperature trends in the study area were punctuated by several abrupt climate changes, including a major transient event recorded in all five lakes between 4.3 and 3.2 ka, which overlaps in timing with abrupt climate changes previously documented around the North Atlantic region and farther afield at \~{}4.2 ka.},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.10.024},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.10.024},
	author = {Axford, Yarrow and Losee, Shanna and Briner, Jason P. and Francis, Donna R. and Langdon, Peter G. and Walker, Ian R.}
}
@article {92,
	title = {Late Holocene expansion of Istorvet ice cap, Liverpool Land, east Greenland},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {63},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2290},
	pages = {128-140},
	abstract = {The Greenland Ice Sheet is undergoing dynamic changes that will have global implications if they continue into the future. In this regard, an understanding of how the ice sheet responded to past climate changes affords a baseline for anticipating future behavior. Small, independent ice caps adjacent to the Greenland Ice Sheet (hereinafter called {\textquotedblleft}local ice caps{\textquotedblright}) are sensitive indicators of the response of Greenland ice-marginal zones to climate change. Therefore, we reconstructed late Holocene ice-marginal fluctuations of the local Istorvet ice cap in east Greenland, using radiocarbon dates of subfossil plants, 10Be dates of surface boulders, and analyses of sediment cores from both threshold and control lakes. During the last termination, the Istorvet ice cap had retreated close to its maximum Holocene position by \~{}11,730 cal yr BP. Radiocarbon dates of subfossil plants exposed by recent recession of the ice margin indicate that the Istorvet cap was smaller than at present from AD 200 to AD 1025. Sediments from a threshold lake show no glacial input until the ice cap advanced to within 365 m of its Holocene maximum position by \~{}AD 1150. Thereafter the ice cap remained at or close to this position until at least AD 1660. The timing of this, the most extensive of the Holocene, expansion is similar to that recorded at some glaciers in the Alps and in southern Alaska. However, in contrast to these other regions, the expansion in east Greenland at AD 1150 appears to have been very close to, if not at, a maximum Holocene value. Comparison of the Istorvet ice-cap fluctuations with Holocene glacier extents in Southern Hemisphere middle-to-high latitude locations on the Antarctic Peninsula and in the Andes and the Southern Alps suggests an out-of-phase relationship. If correct, this pattern supports the hypothesis that a bipolar see-saw of oceanic and/or atmospheric circulation during the Holocene produced asynchronous glacier response at some localities in the two polar hemispheres.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.11.012},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379112004830},
	author = {Lowell, Thomas V. and Hall, Brenda L. and Kelly, Meredith A. and Bennike, Ole and Lusas, Amanda R. and Honsaker, William and Smith, Colby A. and Levy, Laura B. and Travis, Scott and Denton, George H.}
}
@article {96,
	title = {Late Wisconsinan glaciation and postglacial relative sea-level change on western Banks Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {80},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2282},
	pages = {99-112},
	abstract = {The study revises the maximum extent of the northwest Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) in the western Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) during the last glaciation and documents subsequent ice sheet retreat and glacioisostatic adjustments across western Banks Island. New geomorphological mapping and maximum-limiting radiocarbon ages indicate that the northwest LIS inundated western Banks Island after ~ 31 14C ka BP and reached a terminal ice margin west of the present coastline. The onset of deglaciation and the age of the marine limit (22{\textendash}40 m asl) are unresolved. Ice sheet retreat across western Banks Island was characterized by the withdrawal of a thin, cold-based ice margin that reached the central interior of the island by ~ 14 cal ka BP. The elevation of the marine limit is greater than previously recognized and consistent with greater glacioisostatic crustal unloading by a more expansive LIS. These results complement emerging bathymetric observations from the Arctic Ocean, which indicate glacial erosion during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to depths of up to 450 m.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2013.02.001},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033589413000197},
	author = {Lakeman, Thomas R. and England, John H.}
}
@article {89,
	title = {Old ages of two historical Romanian trees assessed by AMS radiocarbon dating},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments \& Methods in Physics Research Section B-Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
	volume = {294},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2245; PT: J; CT: 12th International Conference on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS); CY: MAR 20-25, 2011; CL: Wellington, NEW ZEALAND; TC: 0; UT: WOS:000313234300119},
	pages = {616-621},
	abstract = {Two large Romanian poplars are considered to be associated with significant historical events of the past. In order to verify these claims, wood samples collected from the broken trunks of the two poplars were radiocarbon dated by AMS. The oldest radiocarbon dates were found to be 275 +/- 20 bp for the black poplar of Mocod and 316 +/- 22 bp for the gray poplar of Rafaila. These values correspond to calibrated ages of 365 +/- 10 and 465 +/- 25 years, respectively. The dating results indicate old ages for the two trees, i.e., 455 years for the Mocod poplar and 560 years for the Rafaila poplar. Such age values validate historical information on the two large Romanian trees. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0168-583X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.nimb.2012.04.029},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and von Reden, Karl F. and Lowy, Daniel A. and Patrut, Roxana T. and Vaida, D. Lucian and Margineanu, Dragos}
}
@article { ISI:000320699900006,
	title = {Pleistocene sequence stratigraphy of the shallow continental shelf, offshore New Jersey: Constraints of Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Leg 313 core holes},
	journal = {GEOSPHERE},
	volume = {9},
	number = {{1}},
	year = {2013},
	month = {FEB},
	pages = {74-95},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {We used cores and logs from Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 313 to generate biostratigraphic, lithofacies, biofacies, and geochemical data that constrain the ages and paleoenvironments of Pleistocene sequences. We integrate sequence stratigraphy on cores with new seismic stratigraphic data to interpret the Pleistocene history of the Hudson shelf valley and paleoenvironmental and sea-level changes on the inner to middle continental shelf. Improved age control compared to previous studies is provided by integrated calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy, Sr isotopic stratigraphy, and amino acid racemization. We recognize four upper Pleistocene-Holocene sequences: sequence uP1 is correlated with Marine Isotope Chrons (MIC; {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}chron{{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}} is the correct stratigraphic term for a time unit, not {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}stage{{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}}) 7 or 5e, sequence uP2 with MIC 5c, sequence uP3 with MIC 5a, and sequence uP4 with the latest Pleistocene to Holocene (MIC 1-2). However, within our age resolution it is possible that sequences uP2 and uP3 correlate with MIC 4-3c and 3a, respectively, as suggested by previous studies. Lower Pleistocene sequences lP1 and lP2 likely correlate with peak interglacials (e. g., MIC 31 and MIC 45 or 47, respectively). Thus, we suggest that preservation of sequences occurs only during peak eustatic events (e. g., MIC 45 or 47, MIC 31, and MIC 5), unless they are preserved in eroded valleys. The architecture of the Pleistocene deposits at Sites M27 and M29 is one of thin remnants of highstand and transgressive systems tracts, with lowstand deposits only preserved in the thalwegs of incised valleys. Incised valleys at the bases of sequences uP3 (IODP Site M27) and uP2 (IODP Site M29) document more southward courses of the paleo-Hudson valley, compared to the more southeastward course of the MIC 1-2 paleo-Hudson valley. The patchy distribution of Pleistocene sequences beneath the New Jersey inner-middle continental shelf is due to low accommodation during an interval of large eustatic changes; this predicts that sequences in such settings will be discontinuous, patchy, and difficult to correlate, consistent with previous studies in Virginia and North Carolina.},
	issn = {1553-040X},
	doi = {10.1130/GES00795.1},
	author = {Miller, Kenneth G. and Sugarman, Peter J. and Browning, James V. and Sheridan, Robert E. and Kulhanek, Denise K. and Monteverde, Donald H. and Wehmiller, John F. and Lombardi, Christopher and Feigenson, Mark D.}
}
@article {2503,
	title = {Quantifying overwash flux in barrier systems: An example from Martha{\textquoteright}s Vineyard, Massachusetts, USA},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {343},
	year = {2013},
	month = {Jan-09-2013},
	pages = {15 - 28},
	abstract = {Coastal barriers are particularly susceptible to the effects of accelerated sea-level rise and intense storms. Over centennial scales, barriers are maintained via overtopping during storms, which causes deposition of washover fans on their landward sides. Understanding barrier evolution under modern conditions can help evaluate the likelihood of future barrier stability. This study examines three washover fans on the undeveloped south shore of Martha{\textquoteright}s Vineyard using a suite of vibracores, ground penetrating radar, high resolution dGPS, and LiDAR data. From these data, the volumes of the deposits were determined and range from 2.1 to 2.4 {\texttimes} 104 m3. Two of these overwash events occurred during Hurricane Bob in 1991. The water levels produced by this storm have a calculated return interval of ~ 28 years, implying an onshore sediment flux of 2.4{\textendash}3.4 m3/m/yr. The third washover was deposited by a nor{\textquoteright}easter in January 1997, which has a water level return interval of ~ 6 years, suggesting a flux of 8.5 m3/m/yr. These onshore fluxes are smaller than the erosional flux of sediment resulting from shoreline retreat, suggesting that the barrier is not in long-term equilibrium, a result supported by the thinning of the barrier in recent years.},
	keywords = {barrier system, Coastal evolution, overwash flux, sea-level rise, storm impacts},
	issn = {00253227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2013.05.013},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S002532271300114Xhttp://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S002532271300114X?httpAccept=text/xmlhttp://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S002532271300114X?httpAccept=text/plain},
	author = {Carruthers, Emily A. and Lane, D. Philip and Evans, Rob L. and Donnelly, Jeffrey P. and Ashton, Andrew D.}
}
@article {77,
	title = {Source, diagenesis, and fluxes of particulate organic carbon along the western Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea)},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {337},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2335},
	pages = {156-170},
	abstract = {In this study, we investigated the modern organic carbon (OC) cycling along the clinoform-shaped deposit that developed after the attainment of the modern sea-level in the Adriatic Sea (~ 5.5 kyr cal BP). Newly acquired data were combined with published results to characterize the (i) origin, (ii) diagenesis, and (iii) fluxes of OC along the Adriatic clinoform. δ13C, Δ14C, and lignin phenols were used to constrain the composition of OC accumulating in surface sediments. Sediment cores collected at different water depths were used to describe the early diagenesis during burial in different regions. In addition, on the basis of an extensive number of accumulation rates and OC data, we assessed the flux of OC to the seabed and its burial. Our results showed that terrigenous OC is the dominant OC source in the Po prodelta mainly in the form of pre-aged soil-derived OC and vascular plant fragments. Along the clinoform, both Δ14C and the concentration of lignin-derived phenols decreased with increasing distance from the Po prodelta indicating the influence of an additional pool of aged OC that gradually becomes more important because of its selective preservation during the sediment transport. As a result, degradation rates (k) decreased along the clinoform as a function of the sediment oxidative history. The calculated half-life of reactive OC (t1/2) was ~ 14.6 yrs in the Po prodelta whereas topset/forest deposits south of this region exhibited higher values, ~ 100 yrs, indicating the presence of refractory material. In the distal bottomset region, the t1/2 was particularly high ranging from ~ 255 to ~ 912 yrs. Because of the significant southward component of the sediment transport, the OC deposition in the southern surface sediments exceeded the local OC input via rivers (ratio deposition/input 1.2). Conversely, the northern Adriatic was characterized by a marked imbalance (ratio deposition/input 0.3{\textendash}0.5). According to our calculations, the OC flux to the seabed along the clinoform was ~ 309 Gg of C per year whereas the OC burial was ~ 180 Gg of C per year, corresponding to an overall burial efficiency of ~ 59\%.},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2013.03.001},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025322713000273},
	author = {Tesi, T. and Langone, L. and Giani, M. and Ravaioli, M. and Miserocchi, S.}
}
@article {78,
	title = {Three approaches to radiocarbon calibration of amino acid racemization in Mulinia lateralis from the Holocene of the Chesapeake Bay, USA},
	journal = {Amino Acid Racemization},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2292},
	pages = {62-72},
	abstract = {A radiocarbon-calibrated aminochronology, based on the bivalve Mulinia lateralis, is presented for Chesapeake Bay core MD03-2661, a 25 m piston core drilled near Kent Island (38{\textdegree}53.21'N; 76{\textdegree}23.89'W) during the 2003 USGS Marion-Dufresne cruise. Three separate approaches were used to calibrate amino acid racemization (AAR) data for aspartic acid with radiocarbon data. For the first approach, a direct or paired analysis calibration incorporated eight articulated specimens, thereby allowing for the application of AAR and radiocarbon analysis of the same specimen and effectively eliminating both intrashell variability and time averaging as factors in the calibration. A second direct approach relied on valves that were bilaterally split to facilitate both AAR and radiocarbon dating, thus effectively eliminating time averaging effects from this calibration. For the third indirect approach, nine independent radiocarbon dates were combined with 129 Asx D/L ratios from the same core depths to produce an indirect calibration model, from which intershell variability and time averaging could be estimated. Variability in AAR ratios was recognized from a myriad of sources, including analytical error, intrashell variability, inherent variability, time averaging, and contamination. The majority of this variability was controlled for through experimental design or by the application of these three independent calibration approaches. The direct calibration of articulated shells and the indirect calibration yielded virtually identical age models, well within their respective 95\% confidence intervals. This study establishes an aminostratigraphic reference section for the Holocene record of the Chesapeake Bay and demonstrates the usefulness of multiple calibration approaches and the potential utility of AAR for future studies of sedimentary processes and chronologies in the bay.},
	issn = {1871-1014},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quageo.2012.06.005},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871101412001318},
	author = {Simonson, Amy E. and Lockwood, Rowan and Wehmiller, John F.}
}
@article {2546,
	title = {Transient stratification as the cause of the North Pacific productivity spike during deglaciation},
	journal = {Nature Geoscience},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2013},
	month = {Feb-07-2014},
	pages = {622 - 626},
	abstract = {During the B{\o}lling{\textendash}Aller{\o}d warm period of the last deglaciation, about 14 kyr ago, there was a strong and pervasive spike in primary productivity in the North Pacific Ocean1. It has been suggested that this productivity event was caused by an influx of the micronutrient iron from surrounding continental shelves as they were flooded by sea-level rise2. Here we test this hypothesis by comparing numerous proxies of productivity with iron flux and provenance measured from a core from the subarctic Pacific Ocean. We find no evidence for an abrupt deglacial pulse of iron from any source at the time of peak productivity. Instead, we argue that the deglacial productivity peak was caused by two stepwise events. First, deep convection during early deglaciation increased nutrient supply to the surface but also increased the depth of the mixed layer, which pushed surface production deeper in the water column and induced light limitation. A subsequent input of meltwater from northern American ice sheets then stratified the water column, which relieved light limitation while leaving the surface waters enriched in nutrients. We conclude that iron plays, at most, a secondary role in controlling productivity during the glacial and deglacial periods in the subarctic Pacific Ocean.},
	keywords = {Biogeochemistry, Marine biology, Marine chemistry, Palaeoceanography},
	issn = {1752-0894},
	doi = {10.1038/ngeo1873},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/ngeo1873},
	author = {Lam, Phoebe J. and Robinson, Laura F. and Blusztajn, Jerzy and Li, Camille and Cook, Mea S. and McManus, Jerry F. and Keigwin, Lloyd D.}
}
@article {2501,
	title = {Tropical cyclone wind speed constraints from resultant storm surge deposition: A 2500 year reconstruction of hurricane activity from St. Marks, FL},
	journal = {Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2013},
	month = {Jan-08-2013},
	pages = {2993 - 3008},
	abstract = {[1] Recent work suggests that the patterns of intense (>=category 3 on the Saffir-Simpson scale) hurricane strikes over the last few millennia might differ from that of overall hurricane activity during this period. Prior studies typically rely on assigning a threshold storm intensity required to produce a sedimentological overwash signal at a particular coastal site based on historical analogs. Here, we improve on this approach by presenting a new inverse-model technique that constrains the most likely wind speeds required to transport the maximum grain size within resultant storm deposits. As a case study, the technique is applied to event layers observed in sediments collected from a coastal sinkhole in northwestern Florida. We find that (1) simulated wind speeds for modern deposits are consistent with the intensities for historical hurricanes affecting the site, (2) all deposits throughout the \~{}2500 year record are capable of being produced by hurricanes, and (3) a period of increased intense hurricane frequency is observed between \~{}1700 and \~{}600 years B.P. and decreased intense storm frequency is observed from \~{}2500 to \~{}1700 and \~{}600 years B.P. to the present. This is consistent with prior reconstructions from nearby sites. Changes in the frequency of intense hurricane strikes may be related to the degree of penetration of the Loop Current in the Gulf of Mexico.},
	doi = {10.1002/ggge.20217},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/ggge.20217https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002\%2Fggge.20217},
	author = {Brandon, Christine M. and Woodruff, Jonathan D. and Lane, D. Phil and Donnelly, Jeffrey P.}
}
@article {129,
	title = {Apparent oxygen utilization rates calculated from tritium and helium-3 profiles at the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study site},
	journal = {Biogeosciences},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2253; PT: J; TC: 0; UT: WOS:000305830000003},
	pages = {1969-1983},
	abstract = {We present three years of Apparent Oxygen Utilization Rates (AOUR) estimated from oxygen and tracer data collected over the ocean thermocline at monthly resolution between 2003 and 2006 at the Bermuda Atlantic Timeseries Study (BATS) site. We estimate water ages by calculating a transit time distribution from tritium and helium-3 data. The vertically integrated AOUR over the upper 500 m, which is a regional estimate of export, during the three years is 3.1 +/- 0.5 mol O-2 m(-2) yr(-1). This is comparable to previous AOUR-based estimates of export production at the BATS site but is several times larger than export estimates derived from sediment traps or Th-234 fluxes. We compare AOUR determined in this study to AOUR measured in the 1980s and show AOUR is significantly greater today than decades earlier because of changes in AOU, rather than changes in ventilation rates. The changes in AOU are likely a methodological artefact associated with problems with early oxygen measurements.},
	issn = {1726-4170},
	doi = {10.5194/bg-9-1969-2012},
	author = {Stanley, R. H. R. and Doney, S. C. and W. J. Jenkins and Lott, D. E., III}
}
@article {140,
	title = {Central Arctic paleoceanography for the last 50 kyr based on ostracode faunal assemblages},
	journal = {Marine Micropaleontology},
	volume = {88{\textendash}89},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2283},
	pages = {65-76},
	abstract = {The paleoceanography of the central Arctic Ocean was reconstructed for the last 50 kyr (Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 1{\textendash}3) based on ostracode assemblages from 21 14C-dated sediment cores from the Mendeleev, Lomonosov, and Gakkel Ridges. Arctic sediments deposited during the Holocene interglacial period (MIS 1), the B{\o}lling{\textendash}Aller{\o}d, and larger interstadial Dansgaard{\textendash}Oeschger (DO) events (3{\textendash}4, 8, and 12) contain abundant Cytheropteron spp., Henryhowella asperrima, and Krithe spp. at intermediate/deep-depths (~ 1000 to 3000 m). These assemblages suggest a ventilated deep, Arctic Ocean water mass similar to the modern Arctic Ocean Deep Water (AODW) during these time periods. In contrast, sediment deposited during stadial events corresponding to Heinrich events 1, 2, 3, and 4, (also possibly the Younger Dryas; YD), contain abundant Polycope spp. (60{\textendash}80\%) suggesting a greater influence of the Atlantic Layer (AL) on the Arctic Intermediate Water (AIW) and AODW. Reduced sea-ice during the early Holocene, the last deglacial, and MIS 3 interstadials is indicated by the reoccurrence of Acetabulastoma arcticum, an epipelagic species that is parasitic on sea-ice dwelling amphipods. One hypothesis to explain these oceanographic changes during longer stadial events, particularly within the last glacial period (MIS 2), involves sluggish ocean circulation, thicker sea-ice cover, and a deeper halocline with ocean exchange between Greenland Sea and Arctic Ocean deep-water through the Fram Strait.},
	issn = {0377-8398},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marmicro.2012.03.004},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377839812000278},
	author = {Poirier, Robert K. and Cronin, Thomas M. and Briggs Jr, William M. and Lockwood, Rowan}
}
@article {148,
	title = {Chemical weathering and provenance evolution of Holocene{\textendash}Recent sediments from the Western Indus Shelf, Northern Arabian Sea inferred from physical and mineralogical properties},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {326{\textendash}328},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2271},
	pages = {101-115},
	abstract = {We present a multi-proxy mineral record based on X-ray diffraction and diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry analysis for two cores from the western Indus Shelf in order to reconstruct changing weathering intensities, sediment transport, and provenance variations since 13 ka. Core Indus-10 is located northwest of the Indus Canyon and exhibits fluctuations in smectite/(illite + chlorite) ratios that correlate with monsoon intensity. Higher smectite/(illite + chlorite) and lower illite crystallinity, normally associated with stronger weathering, peaked during the Early{\textendash}Mid Holocene, the period of maximum summer monsoon. Hematite/goethite and magnetic susceptibility do not show clear co-variation, although they both increase at Indus-10 after 10 ka, as the monsoon weakened. At Indus-23, located on a clinoform just west of the canyon, hematite/goethite increased during a period of monsoon strengthening from 10 to 8 ka, consistent with increased seasonality and/or reworking of sediment deposited prior to or during the glacial maximum. After 2 ka terrigenous sediment accumulation rates in both cores increased together with redness and hematite/goethite, which we attribute to widespread cultivation of the floodplain triggering reworking, especially after 200 years ago. Over Holocene timescales sediment composition and mineralogy in two localities on the high-energy shelf were controlled by varying degrees of reworking, as well as climatically modulated chemical weathering.},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2012.07.009},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025322712001600},
	author = {Limmer, David R. and K{\"o}hler, Cornelia M. and Hillier, Stephen and Moreton, Steven G. and Tabrez, Ali R. and Clift, Peter D.}
}
@article {135,
	title = {Composition and fate of gas and oil released to the water column during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
	volume = {109},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2247; PT: J; TC: 10; UT: WOS:000312605600028},
	pages = {20229-20234},
	abstract = {Quantitative information regarding the endmember composition of the gas and oil that flowed from the Macondo well during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill is essential for determining the oil flow rate, total oil volume released, and trajectories and fates of hydrocarbon components in the marine environment. Using isobaric gas-tight samplers, we collected discrete samples directly above the Macondo well on June 21, 2010, and analyzed the gas and oil. We found that the fluids flowing from the Macondo well had a gas-to-oil ratio of 1,600 standard cubic feet per petroleum barrel. Based on the measured endmember gas-to-oil ratio and the Federally estimated net liquid oil release of 4.1 million barrels, the total amount of C-1-C-5 hydrocarbons released to the water column was 1.7 x 10(11) g. The endmember gas and oil compositions then enabled us to study the fractionation of petroleum hydrocarbons in discrete water samples collected in June 2010 within a southwest trending hydrocarbon-enriched plume of neutrally buoyant water at a water depth of 1,100 m. The most abundant petroleum hydrocarbons larger than C-1-C-5 were benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and total xylenes at concentrations up to 78 mu gL(-1). Comparison of the endmember gas and oil composition with the composition of water column samples showed that the plume was preferentially enriched with water-soluble components, indicating that aqueous dissolution played a major role in plume formation, whereas the fates of relatively insoluble petroleum components were initially controlled by other processes.},
	issn = {0027-8424},
	doi = {10.1073/pnas.1101242108},
	author = {Reddy, Christopher M. and Arey, J. Samuel and Seewald, Jeffrey S. and Sylva, Sean P. and Lemkau, Karin L. and Nelson, Robert K. and Carmichael, Catherine A. and McIntyre, Cameron P. and Fenwick, Judith and Ventura, G. Todd and Van Mooy, Benjamin A. S. and Camilli, Richard}
}
@article {142,
	title = {Evaluation of sediment trace metal records as paleoproductivity and paleoxygenation proxies in the upwelling center off Concepci{\'o}n, Chile (36{\textdegree}S)},
	journal = {Variability of the coastal upwelling and coastal transition zones off central-southern Chile},
	volume = {92{\textendash}95},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2154},
	pages = {66-80},
	abstract = {This study analyzes the records of several trace metals sensitive to redox conditions in continental shelf sediments off Concepci{\'o}n, Chile (36{\textdegree}S). The continental margin off Concepci{\'o}n (36{\textdegree}S; 73{\textdegree}W) lies beneath an important upwelling center characterized by high primary production rates and, consequently, high fluxes of organic matter. In spring and summer, this material settles to the seafloor where it decays, producing periods of very low oxygen content in bottom waters (1 mL L-1). The goals of this study were to determine the input of trace metals to the sediment and to decipher how this information can be used to reveal variations in primary productivity or bottom oxygenation. Gravity cores collected at two stations {\textendash} VG06-2 over the mid-shelf station (88 m water depth, upper boundary of the oxygen minimum zone) and VG06-3 over the outer shelf (120 m water depth, within the oxygen minimum zone) {\textendash} were sampled for high resolution profiles (1 cm) of trace metals, biogenic opal, stable isotopes, and total organic carbon. The results suggest that the variability in the trace metal distribution on the continental shelf off Concepci{\'o}n is determined by redox conditions and the organic carbon flux to the bottom. Some sections of the sediment cores from the outer shelf showed appreciable authigenic enrichment of U, Cd, and Mo (EF: 5{\textendash}10, 2{\textendash}5, and 10{\textendash}16 respectively) along with heavier values of δ15N, suggesting periods of suboxic conditions. During these periods, fluxes of organic material to the bottom were higher, as indicated by elevated TOC and opal contents. Alternating periods of higher and lower trace metal contents were not observed mid-shelf as they were on the outer shelf. Rather, the mid-shelf samples showed authigenic enrichment of U, Cd, and Mo (EF: 1{\textendash}6, 4{\textendash}5, and 10{\textendash}20, respectively) throughout the core except in a 10-cm-thick gray layer. In general, authigenic enrichment of U, Mo, and Cd occurred at both sites, coincident with olive green layers in the cores. These layers were associated with periods of elevated primary productivity and suboxic conditions. Such periods did not seem to last as long as the oxygenated periods, which had higher inputs of refractive detrital material, coincident with the occurrence of distinct gray sediment layers.},
	issn = {0079-6611},
	doi = {10.1016/j.pocean.2011.07.010},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079661111000644},
	author = {Mu{\~n}oz, Praxedes and Dezileau, Laurent and Lange, Carina and Cardenas, Lissette and Sellanes, Javier and Salamanca, Marco A. and Maldonado, Antonio}
}
@article {147,
	title = {Insights into the Holocene environmental setting of Terra Nova Bay region (Ross Sea, Antarctica) from oxygen isotope geochemistry of Ad{\'e}lie penguin eggshells},
	journal = {The Holocene},
	volume = {22},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2348},
	pages = {63-69},
	abstract = {An oxygen isotope record of Ad{\'e}lie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) eggshells from Terra Nova Bay (Victoria Land, Antarctica) has been reconstructed in order to provide insights into the palaeoenviroment of this region during the last ~8000 years. The d18O values measured in eggshell carbonate show a great variability over the course of the studied period, with maximum values consistently around +27.5{\textperthousand}. Adopting a metabolic enrichment relative to water source of ~+28.5{\textperthousand}, eggshell d18O values can be interpreted in terms of marine water uptake by the penguins. The spread in d18O of eggshell carbonate at any given time toward more negative values reflects the existence of a low d18O water end member, most plausibly snow or snowmelt. Samples younger than 2000 years are characterized by a general lack of very negative d18O values. As also attested by other proxies, this shift toward more positive isotopic values is likely to be related both to a decreasing contribution of snow or meltwater in the seawaters and consequently to an absence or paucity on the boundary of the nesting sites of snow or snowfall and freshwater that could be directly eaten or drunk by penguins.},
	doi = {10.1177/0959683611409773},
	url = {http://hol.sagepub.com/content/22/1/63.abstract},
	author = {Lorenzini, Sandra and Baneschi, Ilaria and Fallick, Anthony E. and Salvatore, Maria Cristina and Zanchetta, Giovanni and Dallai, Luigi and Baroni, Carlo}
}
@article {134,
	title = {Marine radiocarbon reservoir corrections (∆R) for Chesapeake Bay and the Middle Atlantic Coast of North America},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {77},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2155},
	pages = {205-210},
	abstract = {Radiocarbon dates from known age, pre-bomb eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) shells provide local marine reservoir corrections (∆R) for Chesapeake Bay and the Middle Atlantic coastal area of eastern North America. These data suggest subregional variability in ∆R, ranging from 148 {\textpm} 46 14C yr on the Potomac River to - 109 {\textpm} 38 14C yr at Swan Point, Maryland. The ∆R weighted mean for the Chesapeake{\textquoteright}s Western Shore (129 {\textpm} 22 14C yr) is substantially higher than the Eastern Shore (- 88 {\textpm} 23 14C yr), with outer Atlantic Coast samples falling between these values (106 {\textpm} 46 and 2 {\textpm} 46 14C yr). These differences may result from a combination of factors, including 14C-depleted freshwater that enters the bay from some if its drainages, 14C-depleted seawater that enters the bay at its mouth, and/or biological carbon recycling. We advocate using different subregional ∆R corrections when calibrating 14C dates on aquatic specimens from the Chesapeake Bay and coastal Middle Atlantic region of North America.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2011.11.002},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033589411001414},
	author = {Rick, Torben C. and Henkes, Gregory A. and Lowery, Darrin L. and Colman, Steven M. and Culleton, Brendan J.}
}
@article {155,
	title = {New Records for Prehistoric Introduction of Neotropical Mammals to the West Indies: Evidence from Carriacou, Lesser Antilles},
	journal = {Journal of Biogeography},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 1873SubmittedY},
	pages = {476-487},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02630.x},
	author = {Giovas, C. M. and LeFebvre, M. J. and Fitzpatrick, S. M.}
}
@article {139,
	title = {Postglacial (after 18 ka) deep-sea sedimentation along the Hikurangi subduction margin (New Zealand): Characterisation, timing and origin of turbidites},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {295{\textendash}298},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2142},
	pages = {51-76},
	abstract = {Recent sedimentation along the Hikurangi subduction margin off northeastern New Zealand is investigated using a series of piston cores collected between 2003 and 2008. The active Hikurangi Margin lies along the Pacific{\textendash}Australia subduction plate boundary and contains a diverse range of geomorphologic settings. Slope basin stratigraphy is thick and complex, resulting from sustained high rates of sedimentation from adjacent muddy rivers throughout the Quaternary. Turbidites deposited since c. 18 ka in the Poverty, Ruatoria and Matakaoa re-entrants are central to this study in that they provide a detailed record of the past climatic conditions and tectonic activity. Here, alternating hemipelagite, turbidite, debrite and tephra layers reflect distinctive depositional modes of marine sedimentation, turbidity current, debris flow and volcanic eruption, respectively. Turbidites dominate the record, ranging in lithofacies from muddy to sandy turbidites, and include some basal-reverse graded turbidites inferred to be derived from hyperpycnal flows. Stacked turbidites are common and indicate multiple gravity-flows over short time periods. The chronology of turbidites is determined by collating an extremely dense set of radiocarbon ages and dated tephra, which facilitate sedimentation rate calculation and identification of the origin of turbidites. Sedimentation rates range from 285 cm/ka during late glacial time (18.5{\textendash}17 ka) to 15 to 109 cm/ka during postglacial time (17{\textendash}0 ka). Turbidite deposition is controlled by: (1) the emplacement of slope avalanches reorganising sediment pathways; (2) the postglacial marine transgression leading to a five-fold reduction in sediment supply to the slope due to disconnection of river mouths from the shelf edge, and (3) the Holocene/Pleistocene boundary climate warming resulting in a drastic decrease in the average turbidite grain-size. Flood-induced turbidites are scarce: nine hyperpycnites are recognised since 18 ka and the youngest is correlated to the largest ENSO-related storm event recorded onland (Lake Tutira). Other turbidites contain a benthic foraminiferal assemblage which is strictly reworked from the upper slope and which relates to large earthquakes over the last c. 7 ka. They yield a shorter return time (270{\textendash}430 years) than the published coastal records for large earthquakes (c. 670 years), but the offshore record is likely to be more complete. The deep-sea sedimentation along the New Zealand active margin illustrates the complex interaction of tectonic and climate in turbidite generation. Climate warming and glacio-eustatic fluctuations are well recorded at a millennial timescale (18 ka), while tectonic deformation and earthquakes appear predominant in fostering turbidite production at a centennial timescale (270{\textendash}430 years).},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2011.11.002},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025322711002507},
	author = {Pouderoux, Hugo and Proust, Jean-No{\"e}l and Lamarche, Geoffroy and Orpin, Alan and Neil, Helen}
}
@article {2566,
	title = {Sea surface temperature variability and sea-ice extent in the subarctic northwest Pacific during the past 15,000 years},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {27},
	year = {2012},
	month = {Jan-09-2012},
	pages = {n/a - n/a},
	abstract = {Past changes in North Pacific sea surface temperatures and sea-ice conditions are proposed to play a crucial role in deglacial climate development and ocean circulation but are less well known than from the North Atlantic. Here, we present new alkenone-based sea surface temperature records from the subarctic northwest Pacific and its marginal seas (Bering Sea and Sea of Okhotsk) for the time interval of the last 15 kyr, indicating millennial-scale sea surface temperature fluctuations similar to short-term deglacial climate oscillations known from Greenland ice core records. Past changes in sea-ice distribution are derived from relative percentage of specific diatom groups and qualitative assessment of the IP25biomarker related to sea-ice diatoms. The deglacial variability in sea-ice extent matches the sea surface temperature fluctuations. These fluctuations suggest a linkage to deglacial variations in Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and a close atmospheric coupling between the North Pacific and North Atlantic. During the Holocene the subarctic North Pacific is marked by complex sea surface temperature trends, which do not support the hypothesis of a Holocene seesaw in temperature development between the North Atlantic and the North Pacific.},
	doi = {10.1029/2012PA002292},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1029/2012PA002292},
	author = {Max, Lars and Riethdorf, Jan-Rainer and Tiedemann, Ralf and Smirnova, Maria and Lembke-Jene, Lester and Fahl, Kirsten and {\"u}rnberg, Dirk and Matul, Alexander and Mollenhauer, Gesine}
}
@article { ISI:000304550900001,
	title = {Seasonal fluxes and source variation of organic carbon transported by two major Chinese Rivers: The Yellow River and Changjiang (Yangtze) River},
	journal = {GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES},
	volume = {26},
	year = {2012},
	month = {MAY 25},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {A one-year study was carried out to investigate the seasonal fluxes and source variation of organic carbon transported by two major Chinese rivers, the Yellow River and Changjiang. In 2009, the Yellow River and Changjiang transported 3.20 x 10(10) g and 1.58 x 10(12) g DOC and 3.89 x 10(11) g and 1.52 x 10(12) g POC, respectively. The dominant input of the terrestrial organic matter occurred during the high discharge period from June to July for the Yellow River and from June to August for Changjiang, accounting for 36-44\% of the DOC and 72-86\% of the POC transported by the two rivers in 2009. The Yellow River transported much higher concentrations of inorganic carbon than organic carbon, while a reverse trend was found in the Changjiang, indicating the different sources of carbon discharged by the two rivers. Using radiocarbon and stable carbon isotope measurements, we identified the different sources and seasonal variations of organic carbon transported by the Yellow River and Changjiang. The Yellow River carried old POC with radiocarbon ages ranging from 4000 to 8000 years, while POC transported by Changjiang had a relatively younger C-14 age ranging from 800 to 1060 years. The C-14 ages of DOC were relatively younger (305-1570 years) and showed less variation between the two rivers. The seasonal variations found in C-14 ages of DOC and POC indicate that a large fraction of recent-fixed labile organic carbon was transported by the two rivers in the spring and summer months. The different sources and seasonal variations in both fluxes and sources of organic carbon transported by the Yellow River and Changjiang could have an important influence on the biogeochemical cycle and ecosystems in the estuaries and adjacent coastal waters of the East China Sea.},
	issn = {0886-6236},
	doi = {10.1029/2011GB004130},
	author = {Wang, Xuchen and Ma, Haiqing and Li, Ronghua and Song, Zhensu and Wu, Jinping}
}
@article {145,
	title = {A sedimentary-based history of hurricane strikes on the southern Caribbean coast of Nicaragua},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {78},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2327},
	pages = {454-464},
	abstract = {Multi-millennial hurricane landfall records from the western North Atlantic indicate that landfall frequency has varied dramatically over time, punctuated by multi-centennial to millennial scale periods of hyperactivity. We extend the record geographically by presenting a paleostrike record inferred from a four-core transect from a marsh on the Caribbean coast of Nicaragua. Fossil pollen indicates that the site was a highly organic wetland from ~ 5400{\textendash}4900 cal yr BP, at which time it became a shallow marine lagoon until ~ 2800 cal yr BP when it transitioned back into swamp/marsh, freshening over time, with the present fresh-to-brackish Typha marsh developing over the very recent past. Hurricane Joan, 1988, is recorded as a distinctive light-colored sand{\textendash}silt{\textendash}clay layer across the top of the transect, identifiable by abrupt shifts in color from the dark marsh deposits, increased grain size, and two upward-fining sequences, which are interpreted as representing the storm{\textquoteright}s traction and suspension loads. The six layers identified as hurricane-generated display temporal clustering, featuring a marked increase in landfall frequency ~ 800 cal yr BP. This pattern is anti-phase with the activity pattern previously identified from the northern Caribbean and the Atlantic coast of North America, thereby opposing the view that hyperactivity occurs simultaneously across the entire basin.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2012.07.003},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S003358941200083X},
	author = {McCloskey, Terrence Allen and Liu, Kam-biu}
}
@article { ISI:000294494900012,
	title = {Age determination of large live trees with inner cavities: radiocarbon dating of Platland tree, a giant African baobab},
	journal = {ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE},
	volume = {68},
	number = {{5, SI}},
	year = {2011},
	month = {AUG},
	pages = {993-1003},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Introduction For large trees without a continuous sequence of growth rings in their trunk, such as the African baobab (Adansonia digitata L.), the only accurate method for age determination is radiocarbon dating. As of today, this method was limited to dating samples collected from the remains of dead specimens. Methods Our research extends significantly the dating of such trees to large live specimens with inner cavities. The new approach is based on collecting samples from the cavities and their subsequent radiocarbon dating. Results The giant two-stemmed Platland tree, also known as Sunland baobab, was investigated by using this new approach. AMS radiocarbon dates of the oldest sample segments originating from the two inner cavities indicate that the large stem I (364.5 m(3)) is 750 +/- 75 years old, while the much smaller stem II (136.7 m(3)) has 1,060 +/- 75 years. Results also show that stem I is still growing very fast, while the older stem II slowed down consistently its growth over the past 250 years. The complete mapping of Platland tree determined an overall wood volume of 501.2 m(3). Conclusions Dating results demonstrate that the size-age relation cannot be used for estimating accurately the age of African baobabs.},
	keywords = {Accelerator mass spectrometry, Adansonia digitata, Age determination, Growth rate, Radiocarbon dating},
	issn = {1286-4560},
	doi = {10.1007/s13595-011-0107-x},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and von Reden, Karl F. and Van Pelt, Robert and Mayne, Diana H. and Lowy, Daniel A. and Margineanu, Dragos}
}
@article {182,
	title = {The application of foraminifera to reconstruct the rate of 20th century sea level rise, Morbihan Golfe, Brittany, France},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {75},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 1889; 713FR Times Cited:1 Cited References Count:71submittedY},
	pages = {24-35},
	abstract = {Foraminiferal assemblages preserved within salt-marsh sediment can provide an accurate and precise means to reconstruct relative sea level due to a strong relationship with elevation, which can be quantified using a transfer function. We collected a set of surface samples from two salt marshes in the Morbihan Golfe, France to determine foraminiferal distribution patterns. Dominant taxa included Jadammina macrescens, Trochammina inflata, Haplophragmoides spp. and Miliammina fusca. We developed a foraminifera-based transfer function using a modern training set of 36 samples and 23 species. The strong relationship between observed and predicted values (r(jack)(2) = 0.7) indicated that foraminiferal distribution is primarily controlled by elevation with respect to the tidal frame and precise reconstructions of former sea level are possible (RMSEP(jack) = 0.07 m). The application of the transfer function to a short salt-marsh core (0.32 m) allowed the reconstruction of former sea levels, which were placed in a chronological framework using short-lived radionuclides ((210)Pb and (137)Cs). The agreement between the foraminifera-based sea level curve and the Brest tide-gauge record confirms the reliability of transfer function estimates and the validity of this methodology to extend sea level reconstructions back into the pre-instrumental period. Both instrumental and microfossil records suggest an acceleration of sea level rise during the 20th century. (C) 2010 University of Washington. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/J.Yqres.2010.07.017},
	author = {Rossi, V. and Horton, B. P. and Corbett, D. R. and Leorri, E. and Perez-Belmonte, L. and Douglas, B. C.}
}
@article {204,
	title = {Bomb-produced radiocarbon validation of growth-increment crossdating allows marine paleoclimate reconstruction},
	journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},
	volume = {311},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2167},
	pages = {126-135},
	abstract = {The bivalve Pacific geoduck (Panopea generosa) has been used in the eastern North Pacific Ocean to create proxies for environmental factors such as temperature and oceanographic conditions. This type of research depends upon accurate age determination of Pacific geoducks, which historically was based on shell growth-increment counts. A recent study comparing age estimates generated by the dendrochronology (tree-ring science) procedure of crossdating to those estimated from growth-increment counts found a significant difference between the methods for geoduck older than 30 years. Compared to the traditional age determination method of counting growth increments, the crossdating method estimates a greater longevity in this species, with some individuals living in excess of 150 years. In the present study, the accuracy of each method was independently assessed using bomb-produced radiocarbon (14C) techniques. Specimens whose birth years were estimated to be within the era of the bomb-produced marine 14C increase and where the differences between ages estimated by the two methods were greatest were selected for 14C analysis. The difference between age estimates from traditional growth-increment counts and those from crossdating was evaluated using their respective 14C chronologies in comparisons to a reference chronology as a standard. The comparisons relied on Bayesian nonlinear models using Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation. This method of analysis showed that with a 50\% probability geoducks were aged correctly when using the crossdating method, compared to the growth increment counts which had a 50\% probability of underestimating the age by 4 years. Therefore, the crossdated age estimates were found to be more accurate than increment counts. Furthermore, these results provide new confidence in using Pacific geoduck biochronologies for paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental reconstruction.},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.08.015},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018211004524},
	author = {Kastelle, Craig R. and Helser, Thomas E. and Black, Bryan A. and Stuckey, Matthew J. and C. Gillespie, Darlene and McArthur, Judy and Little, Diana and D. Charles, Karen and Khan, Reziah S.}
}
@article {209,
	title = {Contemporary 14C radiocarbon levels of oxygenated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (O-PBDEs) isolated in sponge{\textendash}cyanobacteria associations},
	journal = {Marine pollution bulletin},
	volume = {62},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2192},
	pages = {631-636},
	abstract = {Considerable debate surrounds the sources of oxygenated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (O-PBDEs) in wildlife as to whether they are naturally produced or result from anthropogenic industrial activities. Natural radiocarbon (14C) abundance has proven to be a powerful tool to address this problem as recently biosynthesized compounds contain contemporary (i.e. modern) amounts of atmospheric radiocarbon; whereas industrial chemicals, mostly produced from fossil fuels, contain no detectable 14C. However, few compounds isolated from organisms have been analyzed for their radiocarbon content. To provide a baseline, we analyzed the 14C content of four O-PBDEs. These compounds, 6-OH-BDE47, 2'-OH-BDE68, 2',6-diOH-BDE159, and a recently identified compound, 2'-MeO-6-OH-BDE120, were isolated from the tropical marine sponges Dysidea granulosa and Lendenfeldia dendyi. The modern radiocarbon content of their chemical structures (i.e. diphenyl ethers, C12H22O) indicates that they are naturally produced. This adds to a growing baseline on, at least, the sources of these unusual compounds.},
	issn = {0025-326X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.12.022},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X11000075},
	author = {Guitart, Carlos and Slattery, Marc and Ankisetty, Sridevi and Radwan, Mohamed and Ross, Samir J. and Letcher, Robert J. and Reddy, Christopher M.}
}
@article {200,
	title = {Controls on dissolved inorganic carbon and δ13C in cave waters from DeSoto Caverns: Implications for speleothem δ13C assessments},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {75},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2195},
	pages = {753-768},
	abstract = {Unraveling the factors controlling the carbon chemistry and transport of carbon within extant karst systems has important implications concerning the assessment of time-series δ13C records of speleothems. Here we report the results of a 3-year study of total dissolved inorganic carbon [DIC] and δ13CDIC from cave waters at DeSoto Caverns (Southeastern USA) that offer valuable insight on carbon transport and the accompanied isotope fractionations from end-member sources to speleothems. [DIC] and δ13CDIC values of cave waters range from 0.2 to 6.0 mM and 2.7 to -12.9 ({\textperthousand} VPDB), respectively. [DIC] and δ13CDIC of {\textquotedblleft}seasonal drips{\textquotedblright} show seasonal, albeit noisy, variability and are inversely related (δ13CDIC = -2.49[DIC] + 0.64, r2 = 0.84). A shallow pool fed by multiple drips shows a bimodal δ13CDIC distribution with an isotopically heavier mode during winter (-4{\textperthousand} to -5{\textperthousand} VPDB) relative to summer months (-9{\textperthousand} to -10{\textperthousand} VPDB). A multi-year trend of decreasing water availability during the study period is not reflected in a response of cave water carbon chemistry suggesting that rainfall amount may not be a significant controlling factor of the carbon chemistry. Coupled cave air winter ventilation/summer stagnation and varying CO2 fluxes through the soil horizon and epikarst exert the strongest influence on seasonal [DIC] and δ13CDIC variability. Measured values of high [DIC] and low δ13CDIC from cave waters collected during the summer/early fall closely approximate isotopic equilibrium conditions. Conversely, low [DIC] and high δ13CDIC values during winter/early months indicate kinetically enhanced isotopic fractionations within the cave waters. The kinetically enhanced isotopic fractionation of HCO 3 - partitioned between degassed CO2 and precipitated CaCO3 ( 1000 ln α [ ( CO 2 - HCO 3 ) + ( CaCO 3 (AR) - HCO 3 ) ] / 2 ) is greater by about a factor of two (-6.7 {\textpm} 0.3{\textperthousand}) relative to the same isotopic fractionation under equilibrium conditions (-3.1{\textperthousand}).},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2010.11.006},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016703710006319},
	author = {Lambert, W. Joe and Aharon, Paul}
}
@article {2505,
	title = {A decadally-resolved paleohurricane record archived in the late Holocene sediments of a Florida sinkhole},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {287},
	year = {2011},
	month = {Jan-09-2011},
	pages = {14 - 30},
	abstract = {A 4500-year record of hurricane-induced storm surges is developed from sediment cores collected from a coastal sinkhole near Apalachee Bay, Florida. Recent deposition of sand layers in the upper sediments of the pond was found to be contemporaneous with significant, historic storm surges at the site modeled using SLOSH and the Best Track, post-1851 A.D. dataset. Using the historic portion of the record for calibration, paleohurricane deposits were identified by sand content and dated using radiocarbon-based age models. Marine-indicative foraminifera, some originating at least 5 km offshore, were present in several modern and ancient storm deposits. The presence and long-term preservation of offshore foraminifera suggest that this site and others like it may yield promising microfossil-based paleohurricane reconstructions in the future. Due to the sub-decadal (~ 7 years) resolution of the record and the site{\textquoteright}s high susceptibility to hurricane-generated storm surges, the average, local frequency of recorded events, approximately 3.9 storms per century, is greater than that of previously published paleohurricane records from the region. The high incidence of recorded events permitted a time series of local hurricane frequency during the last five millennia to be constructed. Variability in the frequency of the largest storm layers was found to be greater than what would likely occur by chance alone, with intervals of both anomalously high and low storm frequency identified. However, the rate at which smaller layers were deposited was relatively constant over the last five millennia. This may suggest that significant variability in hurricane frequency has occurred only in the highest magnitude events. The frequency of high magnitude events peaked near 6 storms per century between 2800 and 2300 years ago. High magnitude events were relatively rare with about 0{\textendash}3 storms per century occurring between 1900 and 1600 years ago and between 400 and 150 years ago. A marked decline in the number of large storm deposits, which began around 600 years ago, has persisted through present with below average frequency over the last 150 years when compared to the preceding five millennia.},
	keywords = {Apalachee Bay, Gulf of Mexico, Holocene, hurricane, paleohurricane, Paleotempestology, sinkhole, SLOSH, storm surge, tropical cyclone},
	issn = {00253227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2011.07.001},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0025322711001472http://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0025322711001472?httpAccept=text/xmlhttp://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0025322711001472?httpAccept=text/plain},
	author = {Lane, Philip and Donnelly, Jeffrey P. and Woodruff, Jonathan D. and Hawkes, Andrea D.}
}
@article {169,
	title = {The detailed palaeoecology of a mid-Wisconsinan interstadial (ca. 32 000 (14)C a BP) vegetation surface from interior Alaska},
	journal = {Journal of Quaternary Science},
	volume = {26},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2131; PT: J; TC: 1; UT: WOS:000296091300010},
	pages = {746-756},
	abstract = {We present a multi-proxy reconstruction from a well-preserved vegetation surface (ca. 32 000 (14)C a BP) from the Fox Permafrost tunnel near Fairbanks, Alaska. A thick litter layer of plant material on the vegetation surface is consistent with the vegetation lacking evidence of disturbance. Plant macrofossils and graminoid cuticle analysis show the presence of a graminoid assemblage consistent with phytolith data. The pollen data indicate that trees were not local to the site and that Artemisia sp. was present in the region. The insect and bryophyte reconstructions are consistent with the vascular plant reconstruction, indicating the site was at least periodically wet. delta(13)C values from the graminoids present show a large range encompassing both the wet and dry range displayed by modern graminoids in Alaska. Sequential delta(13)C analyses conducted along the length of leaves attached to the vegetation surface indicate a seasonal shift towards relatively higher water use efficiency. The lower water use efficiency earlier in the growing season may have stemmed from the use of winter season meltwater by plants at the site - a scenario consistent with the site{\textquoteright}s cryostratigraphy. Our multi-proxy reconstruction contributes to the limited palaeoecological data available for graminoid-dominated vegetation present in Eastern Beringia and particularly the interior of Alaska during the mid-Wisconsinan interstadial. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	issn = {0267-8179},
	doi = {10.1002/jqs.1497},
	author = {Wooller, Matthew J. and Zazula, Grant D. and Blinnikov, Misha and Gaglioti, Benjamin V. and Bigelow, Nancy H. and Sanborn, Paul and Kuzmina, Svetlana and La Farge, Catherine}
}
@article {199,
	title = {D/H variation in terrestrial lipids from Santa Barbara Basin over the past 1400 years: A preliminary assessment of paleoclimatic relevance RID C-2752-2008},
	journal = {Organic Geochemistry},
	volume = {42},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2050; PT: J; UT: WOS:000286995900002},
	pages = {15-24},
	abstract = {We analyzed D/H ratios of common terrestrial leaf wax lipids in a 1400 year sediment core from the Santa Barbara Basin (SBB) to test whether they accurately record terrestrial climate in Southern California. The D/H ratios of long chain n-alkanes vary substantially with depth, but are poorly correlated with other terrestrial climate proxies. Interference from fossil hydrocarbons may be at least partly responsible. Long chain n-alkanoic acids exhibit nearly constant downcore D/H ratio values. This constancy in the face of known climatic shifts presumably reflects a substantial residence time for leaf wax compounds in terrestrial soil and/or on the basin flanks. Alternatively, the isotopic composition of meteoric waters in Southern California may not covary with climate, particularly aridity. However, the delta D values of n-C(22) and n-C(24) fatty acids, commonly attributed to terrestrial aquatic sources, are partially correlated with Southern California winter Palmer Drought Severity Index, a tree ring-based climatic proxy (R(2) 0.25; p},
	issn = {0146-6380},
	doi = {10.1016/j.orggeochem.2010.09.011},
	author = {Li, Chao and Sessions, Alex L. and Valentine, David L. and Thiagarajan, Nivedita}
}
@article {196,
	title = {Glacial to Holocene swings of the Australian-Indonesian monsoon},
	journal = {Nature Geoscience},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2012; PT: J; UT: WOS:000293277100016},
	pages = {540-544},
	abstract = {The Australian-Indonesian monsoon is an important component of the climate system in the tropical Indo-Pacific region(1). However, its past variability, relation with northern and southern high-latitude climate and connection to the other Asian monsoon systems are poorly understood. Here we present high-resolution records of monsoon-controlled austral winter upwelling during the past 22,000 years, based on planktic foraminiferal oxygen isotopes and faunal composition in a sedimentary archive collected offshore southern Java. We show that glacial-interglacial variations in the Australian-Indonesian winter monsoon were in phase with the Indian summer monsoon system, consistent with their modern linkage through cross-equatorial surface winds. Likewise, millennial-scale variability of upwelling shares similar sign and timing with upwelling variability in the Arabian Sea. On the basis of element composition and grain-size distribution as precipitation-sensitive proxies in the same archive, we infer that (austral) summer monsoon rainfall was highest during the Bolling-Allerod period and the past 2,500 years. Our results indicate drier conditions during Heinrich Stadial 1 due to a southward shift of summer rainfall and a relatively weak Hadley cell south of the Equator. We suggest that the Australian-Indonesian summer and winter monsoon variability were closely linked to summer insolation and abrupt climate changes in the northern hemisphere.},
	issn = {1752-0894},
	doi = {10.1038/NGEO1209},
	author = {Mohtadi, Mahyar and Oppo, Delia W. and Steinke, Stephan and Stuut, Jan-Berend W. and De Pol-Holz, Ricardo and Hebbeln, Dierk and Lueckge, Andreas}
}
@article {181,
	title = {The Posidonia oceanica marine sedimentary record: A Holocene archive of heavy metal pollution},
	journal = {Science of The Total Environment},
	volume = {409},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2098},
	pages = {4831-4840},
	abstract = {The study of a Posidonia oceanica mat (a peat-like marine sediment) core has provided a record of changes in heavy metal abundances (Fe, Mn, Ni, Cr, Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, As and Al) since the Mid-Holocene (last 4470 yr) in Portlligat Bay (NW Mediterranean). Metal contents were determined in P. oceanica. Both, the concentration records and the results of principal components analysis showed that metal pollution in the studied bay started ca. 2800 yr BP and steadily increased until present. The increase in Fe, Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn and As concentrations since ca. 2800 yr BP and in particular during Greek (ca. 2680{\textendash}2465 cal BP) and Roman (ca. 2150{\textendash}1740 cal BP) times shows an early anthropogenic pollution rise in the bay, which might be associated with large- and short-scale cultural and technological development. In the last ca. 1000 yr the concentrations of heavy metals, mainly derived from anthropogenic activities, have significantly increased (e.g. from ~ 15 to 47 μg g- 1 for Pb, ~ 23 to 95 μg g- 1 for Zn and ~ 8 to 228 μg g- 1 for As). Our study demonstrates for the first time the uniqueness of P. oceanica meadows as long-term archives of abundances, patterns, and trends of heavy metals during the Late Holocene in Mediterranean coastal ecosystems.},
	issn = {0048-9697},
	doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.08.001},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969711008242},
	author = {Serrano, O. and Mateo, M. A. and Due{\~n}as-Boh{\'o}rquez, A. and Renom, P. and L{\'o}pez-S{\'a}ez, J. A. and Mart{\'\i}nez Cortizas, A.}
}
@article {223,
	title = {Precipitation as the main driver of Neoglacial fluctuations of Gualas glacier, Northern Patagonian Icefield},
	journal = {Climate of the Past},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2119},
	abstract = {Glaciers are frequently used as indicators of climate change. However, the link between past glacier fluctuations and climate variability is still highly debated. Here, we investigate the mid- to late-Holocene fluctuations of Gualas Glacier, one of the northernmost outlet glaciers of the Northern Patagonian Icefield, using a multi-proxy sedimentological and geochemical analysis of a 15 m long fjord sediment core from Golfo Elefantes, Chile, and historical documents from early Spanish explorers. Our results show that the core can be sub-divided in three main lithological units that were deposited under very different hydrodynamic conditions. Between 5400 and 4180 cal yr BP and after 750 cal yr BP, sedimentation in Golfo Elefantes was characterized by the rapid deposition of fine silt, most likely transported by fluvio-glacial processes. By contrast, the sediment deposited between 4130 and 850 cal yr BP is composed of poorly sorted sand that is free of shells. This interval is particularly marked by high magnetic susceptibility values and Zr concentrations, and likely reflects a major advance of Gualas glacier towards Golfo Elefantes during the Neoglaciation. Several thin silt layers observed in the upper part of the core are interpreted as secondary fluctuations of Gualas glacier during the Little Ice Age, in agreement with historical and dendrochronological data. Our interpretation of the Golfo Elefantes glaciomarine sediment record in terms of fluctuations of Gualas glacier is in excellent agreement with the glacier chronology proposed for the Southern Patagonian Icefield, which is based on terrestrial (moraine) deposits. By comparing our results with independent proxy records of precipitation and sea surface temperature, we demonstrate that the fluctuations of Gualas glacier during the last 5400 yr were mainly driven by changes in precipitation in the Andes.},
	doi = {10.5194/cpd-7-2937-2011},
	author = {Bertrand, S. and Hughen, K. A. and Lamy, F. and Stuut, J. B. W. and Torrejon, F. and Lange, C. B.}
}
@article {168,
	title = {Rare earth element geochemistry in the inner shelf of the East China Sea and its implication to sediment provenances},
	journal = {Journal of Rare Earths},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2177},
	pages = {702-709},
	abstract = {Gravity core EC2005, located in the mud wedge off the Zhejiang-Fujian coast in the inner shelf of the East China Sea (ECS), was analyzed for its lithology, grain size, rare earth elements (REE) and AMS14C dating. Results revealed high-resolution paleoenvironmental evolution and multiple switches of sediment provenances in the inner shelf of ECS. The lithology, grain size and REE concentrations of sediments varied significantly down the core. Mean grain size ranged from 8 to 121 μm, and the values of ΣREE were 152.8{\textendash}227.9 μg/g. The chondrite- and shale-normalized REE patterns indicated their similarity to the terrigenous sediments in the study area. Between 17.3{\textendash}12.3 ka BP the sediments in the inner shelf of ECS were mainly originated from local drainage basins. The source then gradually switched to the Yangtze River between 12.3 and 9.8 ka BP. Since about 10{\textendash}9.8 ka BP, the sediments in the study area were dominantly derived from the Yangtze River. The continuous rising of sea level and formation of coastal current along the inner shelf played a key role in the switches of sediment provenances.},
	issn = {1002-0721},
	doi = {10.1016/S1002-0721(10)60526-1},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1002072110605261},
	author = {Xu, Fangjian and Li, Anchun and Li, Tiegang and Xu, Kehui and Chen, Shiyue and Qiu, Longwei and Cao, Yingchang}
}
@article {198,
	title = {Retreat of the East Antarctic ice sheet during the last glacial termination RID F-5711-2011},
	journal = {Nature Geoscience},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2003; PT: J; UT: WOS:000287802300021},
	pages = {195-202},
	abstract = {The retreat of the East Antarctic ice sheet at the end of the last glacial period has been attributed to both sea-level rise and warming of the ocean at the margin of the ice sheet, but it has been challenging to test these hypotheses. Given the lack of constraints on the timing of retreat, it has been difficult to evaluate whether the East Antarctic ice sheet contributed to meltwater pulse 1a, an abrupt sea-level rise of approximately 20 m that occurred about 14,700 years ago. Here we use terrestrial exposure ages and marine sedimentological analyses to show that ice retreat in Mac. Robertson Land, East Antarctica, initiated about 14,000 years ago, became widespread about 12,000 years ago, and was completed by about 7,000 years ago. We use two models of different complexities to assess the forcing of the retreat. Our simulations suggest that, although the initial stage of retreat may have been forced by sea-level rise, the majority of the ice loss resulted from ocean warming at the onset of the Holocene epoch. In light of our age model we conclude that the East Antarctic ice sheet is unlikely to have been the source of meltwater pulse 1a, and, on the basis of our simulations, suggest that Antarctic ice sheets made an insignificant contribution to eustatic sea-level rise at this time.},
	issn = {1752-0894},
	doi = {10.1038/NGEO1061},
	author = {Mackintosh, Andrew and Golledge, Nicholas and Domack, Eugene and Dunbar, Robert and Leventer, Amy and White, Duanne and Pollard, David and DeConto, Robert and Fink, David and Zwartz, Dan and Gore, Damian and Lavoie, Caroline}
}
@article {185,
	title = {Siliceous productivity changes in Gulf of Ancud sediments (42{\textdegree}S, 72{\textdegree}W), southern Chile, over the last \~{}150 years},
	journal = {Fjord Oceanography of the Chilean Patagonia},
	volume = {31},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2191},
	pages = {356-365},
	abstract = {We evaluated changes in siliceous export production and the source of organic matter preserved in sediment core MD07-3109H recovered from the Gulf of Ancud, Chilo{\'e} Inner Sea (42{\textdegree}S, 72{\textdegree}W, water column depth: 328 m), southern Chile. We analyzed the abundance of siliceous microfossils (diatoms, silicoflagellates, sponge spicules, Chrysophyte cysts, phytoliths), geochemical proxies (weight percent silicon \%SiOPAL, organic carbon, total nitrogen, C/N molar), and sediment stable isotopes (δ13Corg, δ15N). Chronology based on 210Pb and 14C provided an accumulated age of 144 years at the base of the core. Sediments of core MD07-3109H are predominantly marine in origin, averaging δ13Corg={\textendash}20.75{\textperthousand}{\textpm}0.82, δ15N=8.7{\textpm}0.35{\textperthousand}, and C/N=8.76{\textpm}0.36. Marine diatoms compose 94\% of the total assemblage of siliceous microfossils. Our record of productivity based on the mass accumulation rates of organic carbon, total nitrogen, SiOPAL, and total diatoms showed high values between 1863 and 1869 AD followed by a declining trend until 1921 AD, a transition period from 1921 to 1959 AD with fluctuating values, and a clear decreasing pattern from 1960 AD to the present. This marked reduction in productivity was associated with decreased precipitation and Puelo River streamflow (41{\textdegree}S), as well as a warmer and more stratified water column, especially since the 1980s.},
	issn = {0278-4343},
	doi = {10.1016/j.csr.2010.06.015},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278434310002177},
	author = {Rebolledo, Lorena and Gonz{\'a}lez, Humberto E. and Mu{\~n}oz, Praxedes and Iriarte, Jos{\'e} L. and Lange, Carina B. and Pantoja, Silvio and Salamanca, Marco}
}
@article { ISI:000297458300001,
	title = {Stratigraphic record of Holocene coseismic subsidence, Padang, West Sumatra},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH},
	volume = {116},
	year = {2011},
	month = {NOV 23},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Stratigraphic evidence is found for two coseismic subsidence events that underlie a floodplain 20 km south of Padang, West Sumatra along the Mentawai segment (0.5 S- 0.3 S) of the Sunda subduction zone. Each earthquake is marked by a sharp soil-mud contact that represents a sudden change from mangrove to tidal flat. The earthquakes occurred about 4000 and 3000 cal years B.P. based on radiocarbon ages of detrital plant fragments and seeds. The absence of younger paleoseismic evidence suggests that late Holocene relative sea level fall left the floodplain too high for an earthquake to lower it into the intertidal zone. Our results point to a brief, few thousand year window of preservation of subsidence events in tidal-wetland stratigraphic sequences, a result that is generally applicable to other emergent coastlines of West Sumatra.},
	issn = {2169-9313},
	doi = {10.1029/2011JB008205},
	author = {Dura, Tina and Rubin, Charles M. and Kelsey, Harvey M. and Horton, Benjamin P. and Hawkes, Andrea and Vane, Christopher H. and Daryono, Mudrik and Pre, Candace Grand and Ladinsky, Tyler and Bradley, Sarah}
}
@article {222,
	title = {Trace metal enrichments in Lake Tanganyika sediments: Controls on trace metal burial in lacustrine systems},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {75},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2144},
	pages = {483-499},
	abstract = {We investigate the distributions of several key diagenetic reactants (C, S, Fe) and redox-sensitive trace metals (Mo, Cd, Re, U) in sediments from Lake Tanganyika, East Africa. This study includes modern sediments from a chemocline transect, which spans oxygenated shallow waters to sulfidic conditions at depth, as well as ancient sediments from a longer core (\~{}2 m) taken at \~{}900 m water depth. Modern sediments from depths spanning \~{}70{\textendash}335 m are generally characterized by increasing enrichments of C, S, Mo, Cd, and U with increasing water depth but static Fe distributions. It appears that the sedimentary enrichments of these elements are, to varying degrees, influenced by a combination of organic carbon cycling and sulfur cycling. These modern lake characteristics contrast with a period of high total organic carbon (Corg), total sulfur (STot), and trace metal concentrations observed in the 900 m core, a period which follows the most recent deglaciation (\~{}18{\textendash}11 ky). This interval is followed abruptly by an interval (\~{}11{\textendash}6 ky) that is characterized by lower C, S, U, and Mo. Consistent with other work we suspect that the low concentrations of S, Mo, and U may indicate a period of intense lake mixing, during which time the lake may have been less productive and less reducing as compared to the present. An alternative, but not mutually exclusive, hypothesis is that changes in the lake{\textquoteright}s chemical inventory, driven by significant hydrological changes, could be influencing the distribution of sedimentary trace elements through time.},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2010.09.041},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016703710005739},
	author = {Brucker, Rebecca Poulson and McManus, James and Severmann, Silke and Owens, Jeremy and Lyons, Timothy W.}
}
@article {172,
	title = {U-series dating of co-seismic gypsum and submarine paleoseismology of active faults in Northern Chile (23{\textdegree}S)},
	journal = {Tectonophysics},
	volume = {497},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2147},
	pages = {34-44},
	abstract = {The convergence of the Nazca and South American plates along the subduction margin of the central Andes results in large subduction earthquakes and tectonic activity along major fault systems. Despite its relevance, the paleoseismic record of this region is scarce, hampering our understanding about the relationship between the Andes building and earthquake occurrence. In this study, we used the U-series disequilibrium method to obtain absolute ages of paleoearthquake events associated with normal displacements along the active Mejillones and Salar del Carmen faults in the Coastal Range of the Atacama Desert of northern Chile. The 230Th{\textendash}234U disequilibrium ages in co-seismic gypsum salts sampled along the fault traces together with marine evidences indicate that earthquakes occurred at ca. 29.7 {\textpm} 1.7 ka, 11 {\textpm} 4 ka and 2.4 {\textpm} 0.8 ka. When coupled with paleoseismic marine and radiocarbon (14C) records in the nearby Mejillones Bay evidencing large dislocations along the Mejillones Fault, the geochronological dataset presented here is consistent with the notion that gypsum salts formed during large earthquakes as a result of co-seismic dilatancy pumping of saline waters along the major faults. Based on maximum observed cumulative vertical offsets in the studied faults, this phenomena could have occurred episodically at a rate in the order of 1:40 to 1:50 with respect to the very large subduction earthquakes during the latest Pleistocene{\textendash}Holocene period. The results presented here reveal that the U-series disequilibrium method can be successfully applied to date the gypsum salts deposited along faults during seismic events, and therefore directly constrain the age of large paleoearthquakes in hyperarid and seismically active zones.},
	issn = {0040-1951},
	doi = {10.1016/j.tecto.2010.10.017},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040195110004506},
	author = {Vargas, Gabriel and Palacios, Carlos and Reich, Martin and Luo, Shangde and Shen, Chuan-Chou and Gonz{\'a}lez, Gabriel and Wu, Yi-Chen}
}
@article {1829,
	title = {Age and Growth Rate Dynamics of an Old African Baobab Determined by Radiocarbon Dating},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {52},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Sp. Iss. 1696jn
Times Cited:2
Cited References Count:21
},
	month = {2010},
	pages = {727-734},
	abstract = {In 2008, a large African baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) from Makulu Makete, South Africa, split vertically into 2 sections, revealing a large enclosed cavity. Several wood samples collected from the cavity were processed and radiocarbon dated by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) for determining the age and growth rate dynamics of the tree. The C-14 date of the oldest sample was found to be of 1016 +/- 22 BP, which corresponds to a calibrated age of 1000 +/- 15 yr. Thus, the Makulu Makete tree, which eventually collapsed to the ground and died, becomes the second oldest African baobab dated accurately to at least 1000 yr. The conventional growth rate of the trunk, estimated by the radial increase, declined gradually over its life cycle. However, the growth rate expressed more adequately by the cross-sectional area increase and by the volume increase accelerated up to the age of 650 yr and remained almost constant over the past 450 yr.},
	keywords = {cal kyr bp, Calibration, southern-hemisphere},
	isbn = {0033-8222},
	author = {Patrut, A. and Mayne, D. H. and von Reden, K. F. and Lowy, D. A. and Venter, S. and McNichol, A. P. and Roberts, M. L. and Margineanu, D.}
}
@article {2506,
	title = {Calibrating a sedimentary record of overwash from Southeastern New England using modeled historic hurricane surges},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {275},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Jan-09-2010},
	pages = {127 - 139},
	abstract = {We present a 2000-year record of overwash deposits preserved in a backbarrier salt marsh from southeastern New England. The timing of recent deposits matches well with large hurricane-induced storm surge events documented by local tide gauges in 1991, 1960, 1954, and 1938. Storm surge modeling is used to evaluate the flooding history at the site as well as to assess the pre-instrumental historical record. Storms in 1815, 1727, and 1635 likely caused significant surge that overtopped the barrier, with the timing of coarse-grained overwash deposition correlating well with these events. We infer that twenty-three prehistoric layers mapped across the site were likely also deposited by landfalling hurricanes. Additional records from the area will help to evaluate whether or not temporal trends at the site are a robust representation of hurricane activity for the region. The frequency of overwash at Mattapoisett Marsh, on average 1.5 events per century, is significantly higher than many other overwash-based reconstructions from the western North Atlantic. Further, the Mattapoisett Marsh record does not contain significant multi-centennial gaps in overwash layers. This initial comparison of the data from Mattapoisett marsh with other reconstructions from the western North Atlantic may point toward relatively constant tropical cyclone frequency over the last 2000 years with significant variation in the number of intense tropical cyclones.},
	keywords = {Holocene, hurricane, Paleotempestology, Salt marsh, storm surge, tropical cyclone},
	issn = {00253227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2010.05.002},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0025322710001702http://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0025322710001702?httpAccept=text/xmlhttp://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0025322710001702?httpAccept=text/plain},
	author = {Boldt, Katherine V. and Lane, Philip and Woodruff, Jonathan D. and Donnelly, Jeffrey P.}
}
@article {459,
	title = {Comparative AMS radiocarbon dating of pretreated versus non-pretreated tropical wood samples},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments \& Methods in Physics Research Section B-Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
	volume = {268},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 2083; PT: J; CT: 11th International Conference on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry; CY: SEP 14-19, 2008; CL: Rome, ITALY; SP: Univ Salento, CEDAD, Second Univ Naples, CIRCE, INNOVA, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, LABEC, Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys; UT: WOS:000277462300058},
	pages = {910-913},
	abstract = {Several wood samples collected from Dorslandboom, a large iconic African baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) from Namibia, were investigated by AMS radiocarbon dating subsequent to pretreatment and, alternatively, without pretreatment. The comparative statistical evaluation of results showed that there were no significant differences between fraction modern values and radiocarbon dates of the samples analyzed after pretreatment and without pretreatment, respectively. The radiocarbon date of the oldest sample was 993 +/- 20 BP. Dating results also revealed that Dorslandboom is a multi-generation tree, with several stems showing different ages. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0168-583X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.nimb.2009.10.062},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and von Reden, Karl F. and Lowy, Daniel A. and Mayne, Diana H. and Elder, Kathryn E. and Roberts, Mark L. and McNichol, Ann P.}
}
@article {243,
	title = {Coordinated hydrological regimes in the Indo-Pacific region during the past two millennia},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 795; 565UW Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:42Y},
	abstract = {Instrumental data suggest that major shifts in tropical Pacific atmospheric dynamics and hydrology have occurred within the past century, potentially in response to anthropogenic warming. To better understand these trends, we use the hydrogen isotopic ratios of terrestrial higher plant leaf waxes ( delta D-wax) in marine sediments from southwest Sulawesi, Indonesia, to compile a detailed reconstruction of central Indo-Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP) hydrologic variability spanning most of the last two millennia. Our paleodata are highly correlated with a monsoon reconstruction from Southeast Asia, indicating that intervals of strong East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) activity are associated with a weaker Indonesian monsoon (IM). Furthermore, the centennial-scale oscillations in our data follow known changes in Northern Hemisphere climate ( e. g., the Little Ice Age and Medieval Warm Period) implying a dynamic link between Northern Hemisphere temperatures and IPWP hydrology. The inverse relationship between the EASM and IM suggests that migrations of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and associated changes in monsoon strength caused synoptic hydrologic shifts in the IPWP throughout most of the past two millennia.},
	issn = {0883-8305},
	doi = {10.1029/2009pa001871},
	author = {Tierney, J. E. and Oppo, D. W. and Rosenthal, Y. and Russell, J. M. and Linsley, B. K.}
}
@article {528,
	title = {Environmental anomalies in the northeastern East China Sea during the last 3 000 years: implications for El Nino activity in the Holocene},
	journal = {Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology},
	volume = {28},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 1927; PT: J; UT: WOS:000275654100024},
	pages = {190-200},
	abstract = {To reconstruct the productivity changes for the last 10 500 a in the northeastern East China Sea (ECS), biogenic compounds (such as carbonate, organic carbon and opal), marine micropaleontological fossils (planktonic foraminifera, benthic foraminifera, radiolarian and silicoflagellate) and the compositional characters of benthic foraminifera fauna analyses were carried out on a sediment core DOC082 obtained from the western slope of Okinawa Trough (29 degrees 13.93{\textquoteright}N, 128 degrees 08.53{\textquoteright} E; 1 128 m water depth). The long-term changes of biogenic and micropaleontological proxies display some similarities through the last 10 500 a, which show three different phases: lower values are recorded during the early and middle Holocene (before about 4 000 a BP), followed by an abrupt and remarkable increase at about 4 000 a BP, the late Holocene (after about 3 000 a BP) is characterized by continuously high values. The multi-proxy data of paleoproductivity and percents of benthic foraminifera genera (Uvigerina and Bulimina) show that during the early and middle Holocene (10 500-4 000 a BP) productivity was relatively low with a sudden and distinct increase at about 4 000 a BP, and the late Holocene (3 400-0 a BP) is marked by significantly higher productivity. Also, the radiolarian-based sea surface temperature (SST) records reveal a distinct decline in SST in the late Holocene after 3 200 a BP, very different from the early and middle Holocene. For the last 3 000 a, the enhanced biological productivity and distinctly lower SST indicate a major change of oceanographic conditions in the northeastern ECS. These marine environmental anomalies are consistent with other paleoclimatic records for the late Holocene in the Chinese continent and its surrounding regions. After analyzing the mechanisms of modern productivity and SST changes in the northeastern ECS, and based on the climatic anomalies in the Chinese continent and variations in the Kuroshio Current during modern El Nino periods, we suggest that the anomalous environmental conditions in the northeastern ECS may imply intensified El Nino activity during the late Holocene.},
	issn = {0254-4059},
	doi = {10.1007/s00343-010-9066-6},
	author = {Chang, Fengming and Li, Tiegang and Zhuang, Lihua and Yan, Jun}
}
@article {1830,
	title = {Fire History of a Giant African Baobab Evinced by Radiocarbon Dating},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {52},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Sp. Iss. 1696jn
Times Cited:11
Cited References Count:28
},
	month = {2010},
	pages = {717-726},
	abstract = {The article reports the first radiocarbon dating of a live African baobab (Adansonia digitata L.), by investigating wood samples collected from 2 inner cavities of the very large 2-stemmed Platland tree of South Africa. Some 16 segments extracted from determined positions of the samples, which correspond to a depth of up to 15-20 cm in the wood, were processed and analyzed by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Calibrated ages of segments are not correlated with their positions in the stems of the tree. Dating results indicate that the segments originate from new growth layers, with a thickness of several centimeters, which cover the original old wood. Four new growth layers were dated before the reference year AD 1950 and 2 layers were dated post-AD 1950, in the post-bomb period. Formation of these layers was triggered by major damage inside the cavities. Fire episodes are the only possible explanation for such successive major wounds over large areas or over the entire area of the inner cavities of the Platland tree, able to trigger regrowth.},
	keywords = {age calibration, bomb c-14 data, bombacaceae, cal kyr bp, southern-hemisphere, system},
	isbn = {0033-8222},
	author = {Patrut, A. and Mayne, D. H. and von Reden, K. F. and Lowy, D. A. and van Pelt, R. and McNichol, A. P. and Roberts, M. L. and Margineanu, D.}
}
@article {230,
	title = {Freshwater Outburst from Lake Superior as a Trigger for the Cold Event 9300 Years Ago},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {328},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 1950; PT: J; UT: WOS:000278318600030},
	pages = {1262-1266},
	abstract = {Paleoclimate proxy records reveal a pervasive cooling event with a Northern Hemispheric extent similar to 9300 years ago. Coeval changes in the oceanic circulation of the North Atlantic imply freshwater forcing. However, the source, magnitude, and routing of meltwater have remained unknown. Located in central North America, Lake Superior is a key site for regulating the outflow of glacial meltwater to the oceans. Here, we show evidence for an similar to 45-meter rapid lake-level fall in this basin, centered on 9300 calibrated years before the present, due to the failure of a glacial drift dam on the southeast corner of the lake. We ascribe the widespread climate anomaly similar to 9300 years ago to this freshwater outburst delivered to the North Atlantic Ocean through the Lake Huron-North Bay-Ottawa River-St. Lawrence River valleys.},
	issn = {0036-8075},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1187860},
	author = {Yu, Shi-Yong and Colman, Steven M. and Lowell, Thomas V. and Milne, Glenn A. and Fisher, Timothy G. and Breckenridge, Andy and Boyd, Matthew and Teller, James T.}
}
@article {325,
	title = {Geology of Lonar Crater, India},
	journal = {Geological Society of America Bulletin},
	volume = {122},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 1846; 539YI Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:100Y},
	pages = {109-126},
	abstract = {Lonar Crater, India, is one of the youngest and best preserved impact structures on Earth. The 1.88-km-diameter simple crater formed entirely within the Deccan traps, making it a useful analogue for small craters on the basaltic surfaces of the other terrestrial planets and the Moon. In this study, we present a meter-scale-resolution digital elevation model, geological map of Lonar Crater and the surrounding area, and radiocarbon ages for histosols beneath the distal ejecta. Impact-related deformation of the target rock consists of upturned basalt flows in the upper crater walls and recumbent folding around rim concentric, subhorizontal, non-cylindrical fold axes at the crater rim. The rim-fold hinge is preserved around 10\%-15\% of the crater. Although tearing in the rim-fold is inferred from field and palcomagnetic observations, no tear faults are identified, indicating that large displacements in the crater walls are not characteristic of small craters in basalt. One significant normal fault structure is observed in the crater wall that offsets slightly older layer-parallel slip faults. There is little fluvial erosion of the continuous ejecta blanket. Portions of the ejecta blanket are overlain by aerodynamically and rotationally sculpted glassy impact spherules, in particular in the eastern and western rim, as well as in the depression north of the crater known as Little Lonar. The emplacement of the continuous ejecta blanket can be likened to a radial ground-hugging debris flow, based on the preserved thickness distribution of the ejecta, the efficient exchange of clasts between the ejecta flow and the underlying histosol, and the lack of sorting and stratification in the bulk of the ejecta. The ejecta profile is thickened at the distal edge and similar to fluidized ejecta structures observed on Mars.},
	issn = {0016-7606},
	doi = {10.1130/B26474.1},
	author = {Maloof, A. C. and Stewart, S. T. and Weiss, B. P. and Soule, S. A. and Swanson-Hysell, N. L. and Louzada, K. L. and Garrick-Bethell, I. and Poussart, P. M.}
}
@article {246,
	title = {A High-Performance (14)c Accelerator Mass Spectrometry System},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {52},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 2095; PT: J; CT: 20th International Radiocarbon Conference; CY: MAY 31-JUN 05, 2009; CL: Big Isl, HI; SI: 1; UT: WOS:000285437800005},
	pages = {228-235},
	abstract = {A new and unique radiocarbon accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) facility has been constructed at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The defining characteristic of the new system is its large-gap optical elements that provide a larger-than-standard beam acceptance. Such a system is ideally suited for high-throughput, high-precision measurements of (14)C. Details and performance of the new system are presented.},
	issn = {0033-8222},
	doi = {10.2458/azu_js_rc.52.3657},
	author = {Roberts, M. L. and Burton, J. R. and Elder, K. L. and Longworth, B. E. and McIntyre, C. P. and von Reden, K. F. and Han, B. X. and Rosenheim, B. E. and W. J. Jenkins and Galutschek, E. and McNichol, A. P.}
}
@article {427,
	title = {Holocene earthquake record offshore Portugal (SW Iberia): testing turbidite paleoseismology in a slow-convergence margin},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 1959; PT: J; UT: WOS:000277813300008},
	pages = {1156-1172},
	abstract = {The SW margin of the Iberian Peninsula hosts the present-day boundary between the Eurasian and African Plates. Convergence (4-5 mm/yr) is accommodated through a wide deformation zone characterized by moderate magnitude seismic activity. This zone has also been the source of the most important seismic events in Western Europe, such as the 1755 Lisbon Earthquake and Tsunami and 1969 Horseshoe Earthquake. Despite efforts to identify active seismogenic structures in the Gulf of Cadiz in the last ten years, little is known about its paleoseismic history. The turbidite paleoseismology approach was applied for the first time in a low-rate convergent margin to determine the recurrence interval of large earthquake events that occurred in SW Iberia during the Holocene. Four sediment cores collected at strategically located sites offshore Portugal (i.e. Tagus Abyssal Plain, Infante Don Henrique Basin and Horseshoe Abyssal Plain) reveal that these deep-sea basins preserve a record of episodic deposition of turbidites. In the SW Iberian Margin excluding special climatic events, earthquakes are the most likely triggering mechanism for synchronous, widely-spaced distributed turbidites during the Holocene, when the sea level was relatively stable. Age correlation together with textural, mineralogical, physical properties and geochemical signatures of the new cores complemented by pre-existing multicores and gravity cores reveals a total of 7 widespread turbidite events for the Holocene. Precise dating of the most recent turbidite event (E1) based on (210)Pb and (137)Cs geochronology provides an age of AD 1971 +/- 3. This age corresponds to a high-magnitude instrumental earthquake in the region: the 1969 Horseshoe Earthquake (Mw 8.0). Calibrated (14)C ages of subsequent widespread turbidite events (E3 and E5) correlate with the dates of important historical earthquakes and paleotsunami deposits in the Gulf of Cadiz area, such as AD 1755 and 218 BC, respectively. If older synchronous events (E6, E8, and E10) with ages ranging from 4960-5510 yr BP to 8715-9015 yr BP are also taken into account, a great earthquake recurrence interval of about 1800 years is obtained for the Holocene. Our correlations suggest that the turbidite record may be considered as a proxy for paleoseismic activity in low-convergence rate margins, and a valuable complementary tool in earthquake and tsunami hazard assessment along the coasts of the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.01.010},
	author = {Gracia, Eulalia and Vizcaino, Alexis and Escutia, Carlota and Asioli, Alessandra and Rodes, Angel and Pallas, Raimon and Garcia-Orellana, Jordi and Lebreiro, Susana and Goldfinger, Chris}
}
@article { ISI:000281467500020,
	title = {Holocene evolution of the Indonesian throughflow and the western Pacific warm pool},
	journal = {NATURE GEOSCIENCE},
	volume = {3},
	number = {{8}},
	year = {2010},
	month = {AUG},
	pages = {578-583},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {High sea surface temperatures in the western Pacific warm pool fuel atmospheric convection and influence tropical climate. This region also hosts the Indonesian throughflow, the network of currents through which surface and thermocline waters are transported from the western equatorial Pacific Ocean into the Indian Ocean. Here we show, using records of the delta O-18 and Mg/Ca of planktonic foraminifera from eight sediment cores, that from about 10,000 to 7,000 years ago, sea surface temperatures in the western sector of the western Pacific warm pool were about 0.5 degrees C higher than during pre-industrial times. We also find that about 9,500 years ago, when the South China and Indonesian seas were connected by rising sea level, surface waters in the Makassar Strait became relatively fresher. We suggest that the permanent reduction of surface salinity initiated the enhanced flow at lower, thermocline depths seen in the modern Indonesian throughflow. However, the uniformly warm sea surface temperatures found upstream and downstream of the Indonesian throughflow indicate that the early Holocene warmth in this region was not directly related to reduced heat transport by the throughflow that may have resulted from surface freshening of the Makassar Strait. Instead, we propose that the elevated temperatures were the result of a westward shift or expansion of the boundaries of the western Pacific warm pool.},
	issn = {1752-0894},
	doi = {10.1038/ngeo920},
	author = {Linsley, Braddock K. and Rosenthal, Yair and Oppo, Delia W.}
}
@article {231,
	title = {Late Holocene Evolution of the Mekong Subaqueous Delta, Southern Vietnam},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {269},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 848; 560AN Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:53Y},
	pages = {46-60},
	abstract = {As Asia{\textquoteright}s third largest river. with regard to sediment load, the Mekong River delivers approximately 160 million tons of sediment per year to the South China Sea. High-resolution seismic profiling and coring during 2006 and 2007 cruises revealed a low gradient, subaqueous delta system, up to 20 m thick, surrounding the modern Mekong River Delta (MRD) in the west of the South China Sea. Based on clinoform structure, grain size Pb-210, AMS C-14, and delta C-13 results, the subaqueous delta is divided into four zones defined by different sedimentary processes and depositional features. Over the past 3000 yr, the evolution of the MRD has shown a morphological asymmetry indicated by a large down-drift area and a rapid progradation around Cape Camau, similar to 200 km downstream from the river mouth. This asymmetric feature is consistent with increased wave influence. The strong southwestward coastal current, strengthened by the Strong NE monsoon, plays an important role locally in longshore transport of resuspended sediments into the Gulf of Thailand. A late Holocene sediment budget for the MRD has been determined, based on the area and thickness of deltaic sediment. Approximately 80\% of Mekong delivered sediment has been trapped within the delta area, which, together with a falling sea-level, resulted in a rapidly prograding MRD over the past 3000 yr. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/J.Margeo.2009.12.005},
	author = {Xue, Z. and Liu, J. P. and DeMaster, D. and Van Nguyen, L. and Ta, T. K. O.}
}
@article {513,
	title = {Photosynthetic isotope biosignatures in laminated micro-stromatolitic and non-laminated nodules associated with modern, freshwater microbialites in Pavilion Lake, BC RID B-8520-2011},
	journal = {Chemical Geology},
	volume = {274},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 2056; PT: J; UT: WOS:000279094700005},
	pages = {56-67},
	abstract = {The influence of microbial activity on carbonate precipitation was investigated within micro-stromatolitic nodules associated with modem, freshwater microbialites located in Pavilion Lake, B.C. Observed carbonate delta(13)C values enriched by up to +3.6 parts per thousand as compared to predicted abiotic carbonate delta(13)C values from measured dissolved inorganic carbon (mean -1.2 parts per thousand, n=13) were consistent with microbial photosynthetic influence on in situ precipitation within the nodule microenvironment. Estimated carbonate precipitation temperatures within the nodules based on delta(18)O were consistent with recorded summertime temperatures, indicative of precipitation during the period of highest levels of photosynthetic activity. Low delta(13)C values of organic matter within the nodules (-30.6 to 21.1 parts per thousand) and an average inorganic to organic carbon Delta delta(13)C value of 26.8 parts per thousand reflected the preferential uptake of (12)C during non-CO(2) limited photosynthesis, supporting the generation of (13)C-enriched DIC. Microelectrode profiles through the nodules showed oxygen supersaturation of up to similar to 275\%, elevated pH compared to ambient water and a lack of any observable dissolved sulphide, Mn or Fe further indicated that photosynthetic activity was the predominant metabolic process within the nodule during light exposure. Microbial phospholipid fatty acid profiles of the nodule communities were indicative of bacteria rather than eukaryotes and PLFA delta(13)C values were depleted relative to the bulk cell by 2.6-6.6 parts per thousand, consistent with a predominance of photosynthetic microbes. Scanning electron microscopy images of the relationship between carbonate minerals and filaments indicated that carbonate precipitation had occurred in situ due to microbial influences on the geochemistry within the nodule microenvironment rather than due to cell surface effects or trapping and binding. The observation of photosynthetically induced (13)C-enrichment of in situ precipitated carbonate within the nodule microenvironment is thus a biosignature of the activity of these surface communities and is consistent with the hypothesized role of biology in the formation of microbialites. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0009-2541},
	doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.03.016},
	author = {Brady, A. L. and Slater, G. F. and Omelon, C. R. and Southam, G. and Druschel, G. and Andersen, D. T. and Hawes, I. and Laval, B. and Lim, D. S. S.}
}
@article {241,
	title = {The potential of New Zealand kauri (Agathis australis) for testing the synchronicity of abrupt climate change during the Last Glacial Interval (60,000-11,700 years ago)},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 1982; PT: J; UT: WOS:000285222000001},
	pages = {3677-3682},
	abstract = {The latter part of the Last Glacial Interval (LGI; 60,000 to 11,700 years ago) experienced a range of climatic and environment extremes. To elucidate the mechanisms of these changes requires records of past variability that are precisely dated and correlated on the same absolute timescale. However, despite decades of research, it is still not possible to align most marine and terrestrial records of past change with ice-core records, largely because of ongoing uncertainties over the conversion of pre-Holocene (14)C ages on to a calendar timescale and uncertainties with in ice-core chronologies. As a result, it is equivocal whether climate changes in both hemispheres during the LGI led, lagged or were synchronous with one another. A decadally-resolved radiocarbon calibration is urgently required to test these models of the Earth system. Here we report radiocarbon measurements obtained from subfossil New Zealand kauri (Agathis australis) spanning a collective 3500 years dated between 25,000 and 45,000 years ago. The results are compared to the recently published international calibration curve IntCal09 and to the marine Cariaco Basin datasets. We show that kauri have considerable potential for development of a Southern Hemisphere component of a unified global calibration curve suite, and that tree-ring sequences can be superposed on other radiocarbon records to constrain atmospheric marine offsets and precisely test the synchronicity of abrupt climate change. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.08.017},
	author = {Turney, Chris S. M. and Fifield, L. Keith and Hogg, Alan G. and Palmer, Jonathan G. and Hughen, Konrad and Baillie, Mike G. L. and Galbraith, Rex and Ogden, John and Lorrey, Andrew and Tims, Stephen G. and Jones, Richard T.}
}
@conference {1793,
	title = {The southern Svalbard Margin sedimentary system: preliminary results from EGLACOM cruise 2008},
	booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2010},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 873},
	month = {2010},
	address = {Vienna, Austria},
	author = {Melis, R. and Lucchi, R. G. and Giorgetti, G. and Persico, D. and B{\'A}Rcena, M. A. A. and Caburlotto, A. and Macr{\`I}, P. and Villa, G. and Sagnotti, L. and Rebesco, M.}
}
@article {527,
	title = {Stable isotopes reveal Holocene changes in the diet of Ad,lie penguins in Northern Victoria Land (Ross Sea, Antarctica)},
	journal = {Oecologia},
	volume = {164},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 2350; PT: J; TC: 6; UT: WOS:000284271900007},
	pages = {911-919},
	abstract = {Ad,lie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) modern and fossil eggshells and guano samples collected from ornithogenic soils in Terra Nova Bay (Victoria Land, Ross Sea) were processed for carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios with the aim of detecting past penguin dietary changes. A detailed and greatly expanded Ad,lie penguin dietary record dated back to 7,200 years BP has been reconstructed for the investigated area. Our data indicate a significant dietary shift between fish and krill, with a gradual decrease from past to present time in the proportion of fish compared to krill in Ad,lie penguin diet. From 7,200 to 2,000 years BP, delta(13)C and delta(15)N values indicate fish as the most eaten prey. The dietary contribution of lower-trophic prey in penguin diet started becoming evident not earlier than 2,000 years BP, when the delta(13)C values reveal a change in the penguin feeding behavior. Modern eggshell and guano samples reveal a major dietary contribution of krill but not a krill-dominated diet, since delta(13)C values remain much too high if krill prevail in the diet. According to the Holocene environmental background attested for Victoria Land, Ad,lie penguin dietary shifts between fish and krill seem to reflect penguin paleoecological responses to different paleoenvironmental settings with different conditions of sea-ice extension and persistence. Furthermore, Ad,lie penguin diet appears to be particularly affected by environmental changes in a very specific period within the breeding season, namely the egg-laying period when penguin dietary and feeding habit shifts are clearly documented by the delta(13)C of eggshell carbonate.},
	issn = {0029-8549},
	doi = {10.1007/s00442-010-1790-2},
	author = {Lorenzini, Sandra and Baroni, Carlo and Fallick, Anthony E. and Baneschi, Ilaria and Salvatore, Maria Cristina and Zanchetta, Giovanni and Dallai, Luigi}
}
@inbook {1449,
	title = {Submarine Mass Transport Within Monterey Canyon: Benthic Disturbance Controls on the Distribution of Chemosynthetic Biological Communities},
	booktitle = {Submarine mass movements and their consequences, 4th International Symposium:},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 879},
	month = {2010},
	pages = {229-246},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	abstract = {Documenting mass transport within Monterey Canyon and Fan has been a focus of remotely operated vehicle (ROV) observations, sampling, monitoring, and multibeam mapping studies. These efforts indicate that major mass transport events occur within upper Monterey Canyon (2 km water depths) and onto Monterey Fan for ~100 years. Simultaneous efforts to document the distribution of benthic taxa observed in the video records from 668 ROV dives conducted by the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) provide a uniquely detailed record of the occurrence of chemosynthetic biological communities (CBC). The combined results of these studies provide an understanding of the relationship between disturbance caused by episodic mass wasting events and the distribution of CBC. CBC are common within the canyon{\textquoteright}s axis below ~2.5 km water depth, but have not been found within the canyon{\textquoteright}s axis at depths shallower than 2 km. Moreover, CBC occur on the canyon walls at essentially any depth, primarily within young (~hundreds of years old) slump scars. The distribution of CBC provides evidence about the disturbance history of the seafloor. Major mass transport events will destroy communities that lie in their path. Erosion associated with major mass transport events can create environments to support CBC by exposing methane-bearing strata. This can happen as a result of slumping events on the sidewalls of the canyon or where major gravity flow events have excavated the base of canyon walls. Once fresh strata are exposed, geochemical conditions to support CBC will persist for a few centuries. Because CBC are composed of slow-growing and long-lived organisms, it will take decades for these communities to be established. Their existence indicates that environmental stability has occurred over a similar time scale.},
	author = {Paull, C. K. and Schlining, B. and Ussler, W. and Lundste, E. and Barry, J. P. and Caress, D. W. and Johnson, J. E. and McGann, M.},
	editor = {Mosher, D. C.}
}
@article {2526,
	title = {Using proglacial-threshold lakes to constrain fluctuations of the Jakobshavn Isbr{\ae} ice margin, western Greenland, during the Holocene},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Jan-12-2010},
	pages = {3861 - 3874},
	abstract = {The future response of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS) and its potential contribution to sea level rise are uncertain. Rapid changes of Greenland{\textquoteright}s outlet glaciers over the past decade have made it difficult to extrapolate ice sheet change into the future. This significant short-term variability highlights the need for longer-term, geologic (e.g., Holocene) records of ice margin fluctuations. However, a major challenge with reconstructing the GIS during the Holocene stems from it having been smaller than it is at present, thus traditional glacial geologic approaches are not suitable. We use radiocarbon-dated sediment sequences from seven proglacial-threshold lakes spanning \~{}50 km of the western GIS margin near Jakobshavn Isbr{\ae} to constrain the timing of early Holocene deglaciation, the duration that this sector of the western GIS was smaller than its present configuration, and the timing of its advance during Neoglaciation. Our reconstructions suggest deglaciation \~{}7300 cal yr BP, minimum ice extent \~{}6000{\textendash}5000 cal yr BP and smaller-than-present ice configuration until at least \~{}2300 cal yr BP for the ice margin south of Jakobshavn Isbr{\ae}, and until \~{}400 cal yr BP for the ice margin north of Jakobshavn Isbr{\ae}. One relatively large proglacial lake that became briefly ice-free during the middle Holocene lies in a catchment that likely extends 10s of km inland beneath the GIS, suggesting significant middle Holocene retreat of this portion of the GIS. The overall pattern of ice sheet change is inconsistent with existing ice sheet model reconstructions for this region, but is consistent with numerous paleoclimate proxy and relative sea level data. These continuous lacustrine records corroborate, but provide closer age control than, existing non-continuous records of radiocarbon-dated reworked bivalves from historical moraines in the region. Reconstructing ice margin change from proglacial-threshold lakes is one of few approaches with the potential to constrain smaller-than-present ice sheet extent.},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.09.005},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.09.005},
	author = {Briner, J.P. and Stewart, H.A.M. and Young, N.E. and Philipps, W. and Losee, S.}
}
@article {1832,
	title = {Younger Dryas Event and formation of peat layers in the northern Yellow Sea},
	journal = {Earth Science Frontiers},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 1969},
	month = {2010},
	pages = {322-330},
	abstract = {Peat layer, which formed under the humid climatic conditions and during the stagnated phase of sea level changes, is an important vehicle for information of paleoenvironmental evolution. Results of study on four sections of peat layer from the northern Yellow Sea indicate that all of them are located on the mouth of Bohai Sea strait between 50 and 54 meters water depth. The AMS 14C ages of peat layer are in the range between 10650 and 10100 a BP, which are highly coincident with the age of the Younger Dryas event that was the most significant cold climatic event during the last deglacial warming and occurred between 11000 and 10000 14C a BP. This coincidence indicates that the formation of peat layers in the northern Yellow Sea may be closely correlated with the global impact of Younger Dryas event and can be regard as an evidence of the response of the northern Yellow Sea area to it. The mass appearance of peat layer implies that during the Younger Dryas event a few stagnated periods existed in the postglacial process of sea level rising, the sea level had reached the outside of Bohai Sea strait and may have lingered for about thousand years. The above results and records of pollen suggest that during the period from 10600 to 10200 14C a BP, the northern Yellow Sea was in a cold and humid environment. The humid condition in the northern Yellow Sea area during the Younger Dryas event was distinctly different from the most terrestrial and oceanic records of Younger Dryas event in the global, which shows distinctive effect of Younger Dryas event in different region, and it is irresponsible to diagnose the characteristics of response to Younger Dryas events in different regions based on a single dry and cold mode.},
	keywords = {northern Yellow Sea, peat layer, sea level, Younger Dryas Event},
	isbn = {1005-2321},
	author = {Li, Tiegang and Chang, Fengming and Yu, Xinke}
}
@article {368,
	title = {2,000-year-long temperature and hydrology reconstructions from the Indo-Pacific warm pool},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {460},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 860; ISI Document Delivery No.: 487YE Times Cited: 2 Cited Reference Count: 29 Cited References: *INT AT ENAG WORLD, 2006, GNIP PROGR RES *NAT RES COUNC, 2006, SURF TEMP REC LAST 2 ALDRIAN E, 2003, INT J CLIMATOL, V23, P1435, DOI 10.1002/joc.950 ANAND P, 2003, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V18, ARTN 1050 BARSUGLI JJ, 2002, J CLIMATE, V15, P3427 BROCCOLI AJ, 2006, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V33, ARTN L01702 CHIANG JCH, 2005, CLIM DYNAM, V25, P477, DOI 10.1007/s00382-005-0040-5 CONROY JL, 2008, QUATERNARY SCI REV, V27, P1166, DOI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.02.015 GORDON AL, 2003, NATURE, V425, P824, DOI 10.1038/nature02038 HAUG GH, 2001, SCIENCE, V293, P1304 JANSEN E, 2007, CLIMATE CHANGE 2007, P466 KAWAHATA H, 2002, DEEP-SEA RES PT II, V49, P2783 LEA DW, 2000, SCIENCE, V289, P1719 LOCARNINI RA, 2006, NOAA ATLAS NESDIS, V61 MANN ME, 2008, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V105, P13252, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0805721105 MOHTADI M, 2009, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V24, ARTN PA1201 MOY CM, 2002, NATURE, V420, P162 NEWTON A, 2006, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V33, ARTN L19710 QU T, 2005, OCEANOGRAPHY, V18, P50 ROSENTHAL Y, 2003, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V30, DOI 10.1029/2002GL016612 SMITH TM, 2008, J CLIMATE, V21, P2283, DOI 10.1175/2007JCLI2100.1 SONTAKKE NA, 1993, J CLIMATE, V6, P1807 STOTT L, 2004, NATURE, V431, P56, DOI 10.1038/nature02903 THUNELL RC, 1984, MICROPALEONTOLOGY, V30, P243 VUILLE M, 2005, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V110, ARTN D23108 WANG YJ, 2005, SCIENCE, V308, P854, DOI 10.1126/science.1106296 XIE PP, 1996, J CLIMATE, V9, P840 YANCHEVA G, 2007, NATURE, V445, P74, DOI 10.1038/nature05431 ZHANG PZ, 2008, SCIENCE, V322, P940, DOI 10.1126/science.1163965 Oppo, Delia W. Rosenthal, Yair Linsley, Braddock K.; YY},
	pages = {1113-1116},
	abstract = {Northern Hemisphere surface temperature reconstructions suggest that the late twentieth century was warmer than any other time during the past 500 years and possibly any time during the past 1,300 years (refs 1, 2). These temperature reconstructions are based largely on terrestrial records from extra-tropical or high-elevation sites; however, global average surface temperature changes closely follow those of the global tropics(3), which are 75\% ocean. In particular, the tropical Indo-Pacific warm pool (IPWP) represents a major heat reservoir that both influences global atmospheric circulation(4) and responds to remote northern high-latitude forcings(5,6). Here we present a decadally resolved continuous sea surface temperature (SST) reconstruction from the IPWP that spans the past two millennia and overlaps the instrumental record, enabling both a direct comparison of proxy data to the instrumental record and an evaluation of past changes in the context of twentieth century trends. Our record from the Makassar Strait, Indonesia, exhibits trends that are similar to a recent Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction(2). Reconstructed SST was, however, within error of modern values from about AD 1000 to AD 1250, towards the end of the Medieval Warm Period. SSTs during the Little Ice Age ( approximately AD 1550-1850) were variable, and similar to 0.5 to 1 degrees C colder than modern values during the coldest intervals. A companion reconstruction of delta O-18 of sea water-a sea surface salinity and hydrology indicator-indicates a tight coupling with the East Asian monsoon system and remote control of IPWP hydrology on centennial-millennial timescales, rather than a dominant influence from local SST variation.},
	issn = {0028-0836},
	doi = {10.1038/nature08233},
	author = {Oppo, D. W. and Rosenthal, Y. and Linsley, B. K.}
}
@article {332,
	title = {Brown Clouds over South Asia: Biomass or Fossil Fuel Combustion?},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {323},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1867; 396JL Times Cited:8 Cited References Count:33Y},
	pages = {495-498},
	abstract = {Carbonaceous aerosols cause strong atmospheric heating and large surface cooling that is as important to South Asian climate forcing as greenhouse gases, yet the aerosol sources are poorly understood. Emission inventory models suggest that biofuel burning accounts for 50 to 90\% of emissions, whereas the elemental composition of ambient aerosols points to fossil fuel combustion. We used radiocarbon measurements of winter monsoon aerosols from western India and the Indian Ocean to determine that biomass combustion produced two- thirds of the bulk carbonaceous aerosols, as well as one- half and two- thirds of two black carbon subfractions, respectively. These constraints show that both biomass combustion ( such as residential cooking and agricultural burning) and fossil fuel combustion should be targeted to mitigate climate effects and improve air quality.},
	issn = {0036-8075},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1164857},
	author = {Gustafsson, O. and Krusa, M. and Zencak, Z. and Sheesley, R. J. and Granat, L. and Engstrom, E. and Praveen, P. S. and Rao, P. S. P. and Leck, C. and Rodhe, H.}
}
@article {467,
	title = {Changes in sediment and organic carbon accumulation in a highly-disturbed ecosystem: The Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta (California, USA)},
	journal = {Marine Pollution Bulletin},
	volume = {59},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1845; Sp. Iss. SI 477XX Times Cited:1 Cited References Count:49Y},
	pages = {154-163},
	abstract = {We used the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta CA (Delta, hereafter) as a model system for understanding how human activities influence the delivery of sediment and total organic carbon (TOC) over the past 50-60 years. Sediment cores were collected from sites within the Delta representing the Sacramento River (SAC), the San Joaquin River (SJR), and Franks Tract (FT), a flooded agricultural tract. A variety of anthropogenic tracers including (CS)-C-137, total DDE (Sigma DDE) and brominated diphenyl ether (BDE) congeners were used to quantify sediment accumulation rates. This information was combined with total organic carbon (TOC) profiles to quantify rates of TOC accumulation. Across the three sites, sediment and TOC accumulation rates were four to eight-fold higher prior to 1972. Changes in sediment and TOC accumulation were coincident with completion of several large reservoirs and increased agriculture and urbanization in the Delta watershed. Radiocarbon content of TOC indicated that much of the carbon delivered to the Delta is "pre-aged" reflecting processing in the Delta watershed or during transport to the sites rather than an input of predominantly contemporary carbon (e.g., 900-1400 years BP in surface sediments and 2200 yrs BP and 3610 yrs BP at the base of the SJR and FT cores, respectively). Together, these data suggest that human activities have altered the amount and age of TOC accumulating in the Delta since the 1940s. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0025-326X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.03.025},
	author = {Canuel, E. A. and Lerberg, E. J. and Dickhut, R. M. and Kuehl, S. A. and Bianchi, T. S. and Wakeham, S. G.}
}
@article {346,
	title = {Constraining carbon sources and growth rates of freshwater microbialites in Pavilion Lake using 14C analysis},
	journal = {Geobiology},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 2055; PT: J; UT: WOS:000271633500006},
	pages = {544-555},
	abstract = {This study determined the natural abundance isotopic compositions (13C, 14C) of the primary carbon pools and microbial communities associated with modern freshwater microbialites located in Pavilion Lake, British Columbia, Canada. The Delta 14C of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) was constant throughout the water column and consistent with a primarily atmospheric source. Observed depletions in DIC 14C values compared with atmospheric CO(2) indicated effects due either to DIC residence time and/or inputs of 14C-depleted groundwater. Mass balance comparisons of local and regional groundwater indicate that groundwater DIC could contribute a maximum of 9-13\% of the DIC. 14C analysis of microbial phospholipid fatty acids from microbialite communities had Delta 14C values comparable with lake water DIC, demonstrating that lake water DIC was their primary carbon source. Microbialite carbonate was also primarily derived from DIC. However, some depletion in microbialite carbonate 14C relative to lake water DIC occurred, due either to residence time or mixing with a 14C-depleted carbon source. A detrital branch covered with microbialite growth was used to estimate a microbialite growth rate of 0.05 mm year-1 for the past 1000 years, faster than previous estimates for this system. These results demonstrate that the microbialites are actively growing and that the primary carbon source for both microbial communities and recent carbonate is DIC originating from the atmosphere. While these data cannot conclusively differentiate between abiotic and biotic formation mechanisms, the evidence for minor inputs of groundwater-derived DIC is consistent with the previously hypothesized biological origin of the Pavilion Lake microbialites.},
	issn = {1472-4677},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1472-4669.2009.00215.x},
	author = {Brady, A. L. and Slater, G. and Laval, B. and Lim, D. S.}
}
@article {1847,
	title = {Developments in Radiocarbon Technologies: From the Libby Counter to Compound-Specific Ams Analyses},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {51},
	year = {2009},
	note = {453wfTimes Cited:15
Cited References Count:273
},
	month = {2009},
	pages = {45-78},
	abstract = {We review developments in radiocarbon measuring techniques from the Libby counter through proportional gas counters and liquid scintillation spectrometers to the more recent developments of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), followed by a coupling of gas chromatography with AMS for compound-specific (14)C analyses. While during the first 60 yr of (14)C measurements beta counting, specifically gas counting, was the dominant technique, in the future of (14)C science AMS will be the dominant technology.},
	keywords = {accelerator mass-spectrometry, black-sea shelf, liquid scintillation techniques, low-level c-14, natural-abundance radiocarbon, negative-ion source, polycyclic aromatic-hydrocarbons, proportional counter, salt-marsh sediments, sedimentary organic-carbon},
	isbn = {0033-8222},
	author = {Povinec, P. P. and Litherland, A. E. and von Reden, K. F.}
}
@article {468,
	title = {Evidence for calcification depth change of Globorotalia truncatulinoides between deglaciation and Holocene in the Western Atlantic Ocean},
	journal = {Marine Micropaleontology},
	volume = {73},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1883; 514BR Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:33Y},
	pages = {57-61},
	abstract = {Measurements of the delta O-18 in tests of planktonic and benthic foraminifera in the Florida Straits are used to reconstruct the properties of the water column through time over the last 12 ka (Lynch-Stieglitz et al., in press). The isotopic composition of the foraminifera largely reflects the vertical density gradient. We use this reconstruction and delta O-18 measurements on Globorotalia truncatulinoides in a nearby core to track the depth habitat of this species from the last deglaciation to 1.6 ka B.P. Around 9 ka, G. truncatulinoides was calcifying in much shallower water than during the late Holocene. The downward migration toward its modem habitat is a regional phenomenon over the western tropical Atlantic continental slope. The cause is still unclear but we hypothesize that the shallower calcification depth may be a response to the presence of glacial melt water or to circulation changes. This study points to the value of further study of the ecology, life cycle and calcification depth for G. truncatulinoides and other planktonic foraminifera that are used to reconstruct the history of the thermocline and upper water column structure. Published by Elsevier B.V.},
	issn = {0377-8398},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marmicro.2009.07.001},
	author = {Cleroux, C. and Lynch-Stieglitz, J. and Schmidt, M. W. and Cortijo, E. and Duplessy, J. C.}
}
@article { ISI:000268272100013,
	title = {Fish scales in sediments from off Callao, central Peru},
	journal = {DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY},
	volume = {56},
	number = {{16}},
	year = {2009},
	month = {JUL 15},
	pages = {1113-1124},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {We study fish scales as a proxy of fish abundance and preservation biases together with phosphorus from fish remains (P(fish)) in a sediment core retrieved off Callao, Peru (12 degrees 1{\textquoteright}S, 77 degrees 42{\textquoteright}W; water depth = 179 m; core length = 52 cm). We interpret our results as a function of changing redox conditions based on ratios of redox-sensitive trace elements (Cu/Al, Mo/Al, Ni/Al, Zn/Al, V/Al), terrigenous indicators (Fe in clays, Ti, Al), and biogenic proxies (CaCO(3), biogenic opal, total nitrogen, organic carbon, barite Ba). The core covers roughly 700 years of deposition, based on (210)Pb activities extrapolated downcore and (14)C dating at selected intervals. Our fish-scale record is dominated by anchovy (Engraulis ringens) scales followed by hake (Merluccius gayii) scales. The core presented an abrupt lithological change at 17 cm (corresponding to the early 19th century). Above that depth, it was laminated and was more organic-rich (10-15\% organic carbon) than below, where the core was partly laminated and less organic-rich (< 10\%). The lithological shift coincides with abrupt changes in dry bulk density and in the contents of terrigenous and redox-sensitive trace elements, biogenic proxies, and fish scales. The remarkable increase in redox-sensitive trace elements in the upper 17 cm of the core suggests more reducing conditions when compared with deeper and older horizons, and is interpreted as an intensification of the oxygen minimum zone off Peru beginning in the early 19th century. Higher fish-scale contents and higher P(fish)/P(total) ratios were also observed within the upper 17 cm of the core. The behavior of biogenic proxies and redox-sensitive trace elements was similar; more reduced conditions corresponded to higher contents of CaCO(3), C(org), total nitrogen and fish scales, suggesting that these proxies might convey an important preservation signal. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Callao, Clupeoid fish, Molybdenum, Oxygen minimum zone, Peru, Redox-sensitive trace elements},
	issn = {0967-0645},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.09.015},
	author = {Diaz-Ochoa, J. A. and Lange, C. B. and Pantoja, S. and De lange, G. J. and Gutierrez, D. and Munoz, P. and Salamanca, M.}
}
@article {382,
	title = {Florida Straits density structure and transport over the last 8,000 years},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {24},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 837; YY},
	pages = {3209},
	issn = {0883-8305},
	doi = {10.1029/2008PA001717},
	author = {Lynch-Stieglitz, J. and Curry, W. B. and Lund, D. C.}
}
@article {540,
	title = {Formal definition and dating of the GSSP (Global Stratotype Section and Point) for the base of the Holocene using the Greenland NGRIP ice core, and selected auxiliary records RID B-5560-2008 RID F-1111-2011},
	journal = {Journal of Quaternary Science},
	volume = {24},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1989; PT: J; UT: WOS:000262615700002},
	pages = {3-17},
	abstract = {The Greenland ice core from NorthGRIP (NGRIP) contains a proxy climate record across the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary of unprecedented clarity and resolution. Analysis of an array of physical and chemical parameters within the ice enables the base of the Holocene, as reflected in the first signs of climatic warming at the end of the Younger Dryas/Greenland Stadial 1 cold phase, to be located with a high degree of precision. This climatic event is most clearly reflected in an abrupt shift in deuterium excess values, accompanied by more gradual changes in delta(18)O, dust concentration, a range of chemical species, and annual layer thickness. A timescale based on multi-parameter annual layer counting provides an age of 11 700 calendar yr b2k (before AD 2000) for the base of the Holocene, with a maximum counting error of 99 yr. A proposal that an archived core from this unique sequence should constitute the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Holocene Series/Epoch (Quaternary System/Period) has been ratified by the International Union of Geological Sciences. Five auxiliary stratotypes for the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary have also been recognised. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	issn = {0267-8179},
	doi = {10.1002/jqs.1227},
	author = {Walker, Mike and Johnsen, Sigfus and Rasmussen, Sune Olander and Popp, Trevor and Steffensen, Jorgen-Peder and Gibbard, Phil and Hoek, Wim and Lowe, John and Andrews, John and Bjorck, Svante and Cwynar, Les C. and Hughen, Konrad and Kershaw, Peter and Kromer, Bernd and Litt, Thomas and Lowe, David J. and Nakagawa, Takeshi and Newnham, Rewi and Schwander, Jakob}
}
@article {423,
	title = {High mitogenomic evolutionary rates and time dependency},
	journal = {Trends in Genetics},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1917; PT: J; NR: 27; TC: 19; J9: TRENDS GENET; PG: 5; GA: 518TW; UT: WOS:000271717800004},
	pages = {482-486},
	abstract = {Using entire modern and ancient mitochondrial genomes of Adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) that are up to 44000 years old, we show that the rates of evolution of the mitochondrial genome are two to six times greater than those estimated from phylogenetic comparisons. Although the rate of evolution at constrained sites, including nonsynonymous positions and RNAs, varies more than twofold with time (between shallow and deep nodes), the rate of evolution at synonymous sites remains the same. The time-independent neutral evolutionary rates reported here would be useful for the study of recent evolutionary events.},
	issn = {0168-9525},
	doi = {10.1016/j.tig.2009.09.005},
	author = {Subramanian, Sankar and Denver, Dee R. and Millar, Craig D. and Heupink, Tim and Aschrafi, Angelique and Emslie, Steven D. and Baroni, Carlo and Lambert, David M.}
}
@article {529,
	title = {Holocene Adelie penguin diet in Victoria Land, Antarctica},
	journal = {Polar Biology},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1916; PT: J; NR: 60; TC: 2; J9: POLAR BIOL; PG: 10; GA: 457FQ; UT: WOS:000266914300013},
	pages = {1077-1086},
	abstract = {Ornithogenic soils (N = 97) dated up to 7000 Before Present (Ebp) were sampled in 16 relict and modern breeding colonies of Ad,lie penguin along the Victoria Land coast (Ross Sea, Antarctica). Taxonomic identification of fish otoliths (N = 677) recovered in these soils allowed to identify the Antarctic silverfish as the most eaten prey (90.1\%) throughout the investigated period. A morphometric analysis of the otoliths revealed that the Ad,lie penguin primarily selected prey averaging 67.23 +/- A 23 mm of standard length. Temporal distribution of Pleuragramma antarcticum showed a peak between 2,000 and 4,000 years bp, a period corresponding to the maximum spread of Ad,lie penguin in the Victoria Land. Possible explanations of the variations of the abundance of the fish prey in the diet are discussed in the context of the paleoclimatic events and as possible consequences of dietary shifts due to the temporal variation of prey availability in the Ross Sea ecosystem.},
	issn = {0722-4060},
	doi = {10.1007/s00300-009-0607-4},
	author = {Lorenzini, Sandra and Olmastroni, Silvia and Pezzo, Francesco and Salvatore, Maria Cristina and Baroni, Carlo}
}
@article {417,
	title = {Late Holocene sea-surface temperature and precipitation variability in northern Patagonia, Chile (Jacaf Fjord, 44 degrees S)},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {72},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1858; 512MQ Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:53Y},
	pages = {400-409},
	abstract = {A high-resolution multi-proxy study including the elemental and isotopic composition of bulk organic matter, land plant-derived biomarkers, and alkenone-based sea-surface temperature (SST) from a marine sedimentary record obtained from the Jacaf Fjord in northern Chilean Patagonia (similar to 44 degrees 20{\textquoteright}S) provided a detailed reconstruction of continental runoff, precipitation, and summer SST spanning the last 1750 yr We observed two different regimes of climate variability in our record a relatively dry/warm period before 900 cal yr BP (lower runoff and average SST 1 degrees C warmer than present day) and a wet/cold period after 750 cal yr BP (higher runoff and average SST 1 degrees C colder than present clay). Relatively colder SSTs were found during 750-600 and 450-250 cal yr BP, where the latter period roughly corresponds to the interval defined for the Little Ice Age (LIA) Similar climatic swings have been observed previously in continental and marine archives of the last two millennia from central and southern Chile, suggesting a strong latitudinal sensitivity to changes in the Southern Westerly Winds, the main Source Of precipitation in southern Chile, and validating the regional nature of the LIA Our results reveal the importance of the Chilean fjord system for recording climate changes of regional and global significance (C) 2009 University of Washington Published by Elsevier Inc All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2009.06.010},
	author = {Sepulveda, J. and Pantoja, S. and Hughen, K. A. and Bertrand, S. and Figueroa, D. and Leon, T. and Drenzek, N. J. and Lange, C.}
}
@article {473,
	title = {Late Pleistocene-Holocene evolution of the northern shelf of the Sea of Marmara},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {265},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1843; 500UN Times Cited:1 Cited References Count:80Y},
	pages = {87-100},
	abstract = {Chirp sub-bottom profiling, multibeam bathymetric mapping and a combination of faunal and isotopic analysis of molluscs and foraminifera in sediment cores on the northern shelf of the Sea of Marmara (SoM) provide evidence of sea-level excursions, water exchanges between the adjacent Mediterranean and Black Seas, and oscillating salinity over the last 160 ka bp. During the marine isotope stages MIS-2, MIS-3, MIS-4 and MIS-6 the SoM disconnected from the Mediterranean Sea and evolved into a lake. During MIS-1, MIS-5 and MIS-7, the SoM reconnected and became salty once again. Sapropels formed shortly after each invasion of Mediterranean saltwater observed in our cores. Concurrent suboxic-dysoxic conditions prevailed over quite shallow substrates on the shelf. Ancient shorelines are pervasive at -85 m on the northern shelf and in the region of Prince Islands coincident with the elevation of the modern bedrock sill in the Canakkale (Dardanelles) Strait. At times when global (eustatic) sea level dropped below this sill, the surface of the SoM stabilized at its outlet and freshened. Thus this particular shoreline is interpreted as the edge of the most recent SoM lake that existed from about 75 ka bp to 12 ka bp. The freshening is observed in very light (-6 parts per thousand) values of delta O-18 measured on freshwater molluscs and the complete absence of foraminifera. Two brief lacustrine episodes during MIS-5 suggest that the level of the Canakkale outlet might have been as shallow as -50 m in the past, a likelihood supported by submerged terraces along its margins bounding the modern central channel and the presence of an euryhaline biofacies in Unit L4.1 corresponding to MIS-5b. delta O-18 profiles and carbon-14 dating show that salinification of the SoM and the blossoming of bioherms evolved rapidly after the latest connection with the Mediterranean at 12 ka bp. However, freshening proceeded more slowly once the connection was severed. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2009.06.011},
	author = {Cagatay, M. N. and Eris, K. and Ryan, W. B. F. and Sancar, U. and Polonia, A. and Akcer, S. and Biltekin, D. and Gasperini, L. and Gorur, N. and Lericolais, G. and Bard, E.}
}
@article {1844,
	title = {A Late Prehistoric Bison Processing Camp in the Central Plains: Montana Creek East (14JW46)},
	journal = {Plains Anthropologist},
	volume = {54},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1999},
	month = {2009},
	pages = {217-236},
	author = {Ritterbush, Lauren W. and Logan, Brad}
}
@article {383,
	title = {Moderate rates of late Quaternary slip along the northwestern margin of the Basin and Range Province, Surprise Valley fault, northeastern California},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth},
	volume = {114},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 2021; PT: J; UT: WOS:000270058200001},
	pages = {B09405-B09405},
	abstract = {The 86-km-long Surprise Valley normal fault forms part of the active northwestern margin of the Basin and Range province in northeastern California. We use trench mapping and radiocarbon, luminescence, and tephra dating to estimate displacements and timing of the past five surface-rupturing earthquakes on the central part of the fault near Cedarville. A Bayesian OxCal analysis of timing constraints indicates earthquake times of 18.2 +/- 2.6, 10.9 +/- 3.2, 8.5 +/- 0.5, 5.8 +/- 1.5, and 1.2 +/- 0.1 ka. These data yield recurrence intervals of 7.3 +/- 4.1, 2.5 +/- 3.2, 2.7 +/- 1.6, and 4.5 +/- 1.5 ka and an elapsed time of 1.2 +/- 0.1 ka since the latest surface-rupturing earthquake. Our best estimate of latest Quaternary vertical slip rate is 0.6 +/- 0.1 mm/a. This late Quaternary rate is remarkably similar to long-term (8-14 Ma) minimum vertical slip rates (>0.4-0.5 +/- 0.3 mm/a) calculated from recently acquired seismic reflection and chronologic and structural data in Surprise Valley and the adjacent Warner Mountains. However, our slip rate yields estimates of extension that are lower than recent campaign GPS determinations by factors of 1.5-4 unless the fault has an unusually shallow (30 degrees-35 degrees) dip as suggested by recently acquired seismic reflection data. Coseismic displacements of 2-4.5 +/- 1 m documented in the trench and probable rupture lengths of 53-65 km indicate a history of latest Quaternary earthquakes of M 6.8-7.3 on the central part of the Surprise Valley fault.},
	issn = {0148-0227},
	doi = {10.1029/2008JB006164},
	author = {Personius, Stephen F. and Crone, Anthony J. and Machette, Michael N. and Mahan, Shannon A. and Lidke, David J.}
}
@article {661,
	title = {Palaeoecological potential of the marine organic deposits of Posidonia oceanica: A case study in the NE Iberian Peninsula},
	journal = {Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology},
	volume = {271},
	year = {2009},
	note = {402ksTimes Cited:20Cited References Count:55},
	month = {Jan 15},
	pages = {215-224},
	abstract = {A high-resolution sedimentary sequence sampled from the Portlligat Bay (NE Iberian Peninsula) has been studied in order to assess its palaeoecological potential. This sedimentary sequence is considered a very particular one, as it is a peat-like deposit derived from the accumulation of the belowground dead parts of the marine phanerogam Posidonia oceanica through the last 1600 years. This study represents the first attempt to explore the palaeoecological potential of such deposits from a palynological point of view, and has allowed the reconstruction of the vegetation dynamics and changes, human impact and the palaeoclimatic characteristics, demonstrating the value of these sedimentary records in palaeopalynological studies. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.10.020},
	author = {L{\'o}pez-S{\'a}ez, J. A. and Lopez-Merino, L. and Mateo, M. A. and Serrano, O. and Perez-Diaz, S. and Serrano, L.}
}
@article {519,
	title = {Palaeoenvironmental changes from pollen record in deep sea core PC-1 from northern Okinawa Trough, East China Sea during the past 24 ka},
	journal = {Chinese Science Bulletin},
	volume = {54},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1931; PT: J; UT: WOS:000271175500023},
	pages = {3739-3748},
	abstract = {A pollen record of core PC-1 from the northern Okinawa Trough, East China Sea (ECS), provides information on vegetation and climate changes since 24 cal. kaBP. A total of 103 samples were palynologically analyzed at 8 cm intervals with a time resolution of 230 a. Four pollen zones are recognized: zone I (812-715 cm, 24.2-21.1 cal. kaBP), zone II (715-451 cm, 21.1-15.2 cal. kaBP), zone III (451-251 cm, 15.2-10.8 cal. kaBP), zone IV (251-0 cm, 10.8-0.3 cal. kaBP), corresponding to Late MIS 3, Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), deglaciation and Holocene, respectively. The LGM is characterized by the dominance of herbs, mainly Artemisia, and high pollen influx, implying an open vegetation on the exposed continental shelf and a cool and dry climate. The deglaciation is a climate warming stage with Pinus percentage increased and Artemisia percentage decreased and a rapid sea-level rise. The Holocene is characterized by predominance of tree pollen with rapid increase in Castanea-Castanopsis indicating the development of mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest and a warm, humid climate. Low pollen influx during the Holocene probably implies submergence of the continental shelf and retreat of the pollen source area. The vegetation indicated by pollen assemblage found in this upper zone is consistent with the present vegetation found in Kyushu, Japan. Originating from the humid mountain area of North Luzon of the Philippines, Tasmania and New Zealand, Phyllocladus with sporadic occurrence throughout PC-1 core probably suggests the influence of Palaeo-Kuroshio Current or intense summer monsoon. The observed changes in Pinus and Herbs percentage indicate fluctuations of the sea level, and high Pinus percentage corresponds to high sea level. Spectrum analysis of the pollen percentage record reveals many millennial-scale periodicities, such as periodicities of 6.8, 3.85 2.2, 1.6 ka.},
	issn = {1001-6538},
	doi = {10.1007/s11434-009-0227-y},
	author = {Xu, HongYan and Chang, Fengming and Luo, YunLi and Sun, XiangJun}
}
@article {478,
	title = {Partitioning of organic matter in continental margin sediments among density fractions},
	journal = {Marine Chemistry},
	volume = {115},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1844; 521ZI Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:99Y},
	pages = {211-225},
	abstract = {Hydrodynamic processes sort and redistribute organic matter (OM) and minerals on continental margins. Density fractionations were conducted on sediments from diverse margins (Mexico margin, Gulf of Mexico, Mississippi River delta, Eel River margin) to investigate the nature, provenance and age of OM among density fractions. Mass. elemental (C and N), lignin, and surface area distributions, as well as stable carbon and radiocarbon isotopic compositions were measured, The lowest density fractions (2.5 g cm(-3)) were OC-poor (\%OC -200 parts per thousand). Ratios of vanillic acid to vanillin (Ad/Al)v among lignin oxidation products increase with increasing particle density suggesting variable lignin sources or selective degradation of lignin among the different density fractions. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0304-4203},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marchem.2009.08.005},
	author = {Wakeham, S. G. and Canuel, E. A. and Lerberg, E. J. and Mason, P. and Sampere, T. P. and Bianchi, T. S.}
}
@article {330,
	title = {Pleistocene Megafaunal Collapse, Novel Plant Communities, and Enhanced Fire Regimes in North America},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {326},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 769; 521UW Times Cited:4 Cited References Count:30Y},
	pages = {1100-1103},
	abstract = {Although the North American megafaunal extinctions and the formation of novel plant communities are well-known features of the last deglaciation, the causal relationships between these phenomena are unclear. Using the dung fungus Sporormiella and other paleoecological proxies from Appleman Lake, Indiana, and several New York sites, we established that the megafaunal decline closely preceded enhanced fire regimes and the development of plant communities that have no modern analogs. The loss of keystone megaherbivores may thus have altered ecosystem structure and function by the release of palatable hardwoods from herbivory pressure and by fuel accumulation. Megafaunal populations collapsed from 14,800 to 13,700 years ago, well before the final extinctions and during the Bolling-Allerod warm period. Human impacts remain plausible, but the decline predates Younger Dryas cooling and the extraterrestrial impact event proposed to have occurred 12,900 years ago.},
	issn = {0036-8075},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1179504},
	author = {Gill, J. L. and Williams, J. W. and Jackson, S. T. and Lininger, K. B. and Robinson, G. S.}
}
@article {1854,
	title = {Pre-Columbian settlement of Carriacou, West Indies},
	journal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},
	volume = {34},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 830},
	month = {2009},
	pages = {247-266},
	author = {Fitzpatrick, S. M. and Kappers, M. and Kaye, Q. and Giovas, C. M. and LeFebvre, M. J. and Harris, M. H. and Burnett, S. and Pavia, J. A. and Marsaglia, K. and Feathers, J.}
}
@article {524,
	title = {Recent occurrence of large jokulhlaups at Lake Tuborg, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut},
	journal = {Journal of Paleolimnology},
	volume = {41},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1998; PT: J; UT: WOS:000263543300006},
	pages = {491-506},
	abstract = {The varved sediment record from glacially-fed Lake Tuborg, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, shows that only three large jokulhlaups have occurred there in the last millennium: 2003, 1993, and 1960. Detailed analyses of sediment microstructure and particle size, combined with in-situ hydrometeorological and limnological process studies, allowed jokulhlaup facies identification and discrimination from deposits from other processes. Deposits from large jokulhlaups are anomalously thick, typically lack internal structure, have sharp bases, and fine upwards. The ice-dammed lake above Lake Tuborg (the source of the jokulhlaups) likely changed its drainage style in 1960, from ice-dam overtopping to ice-dam flotation and glacial tunnel enlargement by melt widening, which allowed the lake to drain completely and catastrophically. Complete drainage of ice-dammed lakes by ice-dam flotation is rare in the region is due to the pervasiveness of cold-based ice. Twentieth century warming is likely responsible for some combination of dam thinning, lake expansion and deepening, and changing the thermal regime at the base of the dam. Anomalously thick individual varves were periodically deposited beginning in the nineteenth century, and their thickness increased with time. This likely reflects a combination of increased ice dam overtopping, subaqueous slope failures, sediment availability and rising air temperature. The varve record presented here significantly correlates with a previous, shorter record from Lake Tuborg. However, generally weak correlations are found between the new varve time series, regional records of air temperature, and glacial melt from ice cores on the Agassiz Ice Cap. It is hypothesized that on short timescales, sedimentation at the coring location reflects a complex and varying integration of multiple hydroclimatic, geomorphic and limnologic influences.},
	issn = {0921-2728},
	doi = {10.1007/s10933-008-9240-4},
	author = {Lewis, Ted and Francus, Pierre and Bradley, Raymond S.}
}
@article {329,
	title = {Sediment accumulation on the Southern California Bight continental margin during the twentieth century},
	journal = {Special Paper - Geological Society of America},
	volume = {454},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 855; Editor: Lee, Homa J; Normark, William R References: 52; illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps Latitude:N332000,N340000 Longitude:W1183000,W1193000Y},
	pages = {69-87},
	abstract = {Sediment discharged into the portion of the Southern California Bight extending from Santa Barbara to Dana Point enters a complex system of semi-isolated coastal cells, narrow continental shelves, submarine canyons, and offshore basins. On both the Santa Monica and San Pedro margins, (super 210) Pb accumulation rates decrease in an offshore direction (from approximately 0.5 g cm (super -2) yr (super -1) to 0.02 g cm (super -2) yr (super -1) ), in concert with a fining in sediment grain size (from 4.50phi to 8.50phi ), suggesting that offshore transport of wave-resuspended material occurs as relatively dilute nepheloid layers and that hemipalegic sedimentation dominates the supply of sediment to the outer shelf, slope, and basins. Together, these areas are effectively sequestering up to 100\% of the annual fluvial input. In contrast to the Santa Monica margin, which does not display evidence of mass wasting as an important process of sediment delivery and redistribution, the San Pedro margin does provide numerous examples of failures and mass wasting, suggesting that intraslope sediment redistribution may play a more important role there. Basin deposits in both areas exhibit evidence of turbidites tentatively associated with both major floods and earthquakes, sourced from either the Redondo Canyon (San Pedro Basin) or Dume Canyon (Santa Monica Basin). On the Palos Verdes shelf, sediment-accumulation rates decrease along and across the shelf away from the White{\textquoteright}s Point outfall, which has been a major source of contaminants to the shelf deposits. Accumulation rates prior to the construction of the outfall were approximately 0.2 g cm (super -2) yr (super -1) and increased 1.5-3.7 times during peak discharges from the outfall in 1971. The distal rate of accumulation has decreased by approximately 50\%, from 0.63 g cm (super -2) yr (super -1) during the period 1971-1992 to 0.29 g cm (super -2) yr (super -1) during the period 1992-2003. The proximal rate of accumulation, however, has only decreased approximately 10\%, from 0.83 g cm (super -2) yr (super -1) during the period 1971-1992 to 0.73 g cm (super -2) yr (super -1) during the period 1992-2003. Effluent-affected sediment layers on the Palos Verdes shelf can be identified in seabed profiles of naturally occurring (super 238) U, which is sequestered in reducing sediments. The Santa Clara River shelf, just north and west of the Santa Monica and San Pedro margins, is fine-grained and flood-dominated. Core profiles of excess (super 210) Pb from sites covering the extent of documented major flood deposition exhibit evidence of rapidly deposited sediment up to 25 cm thick. These beds are developing in an active depocenter in water depths of 30-50 m at an average rate of 0.72 g cm (super -2) yr (super -1) . Budget calculations for annual and 50-yr timescale sediment storage on this shelf shows that 20\%-30\% of the sediment discharge is retained on the shelf, leaving 70\%-80\% to be redistributed to the outer shelf, slope, Santa Barbara Basin, and Santa Monica Basin.},
	issn = {0072-1077},
	doi = {10.1130/2009.2454(2.4)},
	author = {Alexander, Clark R. and Lee, Homa J.}
}
@article {520,
	title = {Sedimentation rates and provenance analysis in the Southwestern Okinawa Trough since the mid-Holocene},
	journal = {Chinese Science Bulletin},
	volume = {54},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1930; PT: J; UT: WOS:000264842600017},
	pages = {1234-1242},
	abstract = {As a high-sedimentation rate depocenter along the path of the Kuroshio Current, the southwesternmost part of the Okinawa Trough is a key area to understand the Kuroshio history and sediments transportation. A 34.17-m-long sediment core was obtained by the advanced piston corer of Marco Polo/IMAGES XII MARION DUFRESNE during the May 2005 from the Southern Okinawa Trough at site MD05-2908. The recovered sediments were analyzed by AMS (14)C dating, coarse size fraction (> 63 mu m) extraction and moisture content determination in order to study its sedimentation flux and provenance. The depth-age relationship of core MD05-2908 was well constrained by 17 (14)C dating points. The sediments span across the mid-Holocene (6.8 ka B.P.) and have remarkablely high sedimentation rates between 1.8 and 21-2 m/ka, which is well consistent with the modern observations from sediment traps. We identified five 70-200 a periods of abnormally rapid sedimentation events at 6790-6600 a B.P., 5690-5600 a B.P., 4820-4720 a B.P., 1090-880 a B.P., and 260-190 a B.P., during which the highest sedimentation rate is up to 21-2 m/ka. In general, the lithology of the sediments were dominated by silt and clay, associated with less than 5\% coarse size fraction (a parts per thousand},
	issn = {1001-6538},
	doi = {10.1007/s11434-009-0010-0},
	author = {Li, ChuanShun and Jiang, Bo and Li, Anchun and Li, Tiegang and Jiang, FuQing}
}
@article {1857,
	title = {Variations of terrigenous material discharges in the South Okinawa trough and its relation to the East Asian summer monsoon since the last millennium},
	journal = {Journal of China University of Geosciences},
	volume = {34},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1948; Source type: scholarlyjournals; Object type: Article; Copyright: GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2011, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef.; CSAUnique: 600756-13; AccNum: 600756-13; ISSN: 1000-2383; Peer Reviewed: true},
	month = {2009},
	pages = {811-818},
	abstract = {The top part of a giant IMAGE core MD05-2908 taken from the South Okinawa Trough was investigated for the sake of understanding the climate evolution in Donghai seacoast areas since the last millennium. Sporopollen and organic carbon isotope records of bulk sediments were used as proxies to trace the climate variations and terrigenous materials discharges. Time series were demarcated by 4 AMS 14 C dating ages. Comprehensive data of sporopollen and carbon isotopic composition, together with the paleoenvironmental records show that in the South Okinawa Trough the terrigenous material discharges fluctuated obviously for the past 1000 years. Three relatively high terrigenous material discharge periods, corresponding to 1100-1040 a BP, 960-880 a BP and 800-480 a BP respectively and two quite low terrigenous material discharge periods, namely, 1040-960 a BP and 480-230 a BP, can be identified from our records. In comparison with the stalagmite delta (super 13) C records(which were used to trace the East Asian Summer Monsoon) from Buddha Cave, Shaanxi Province, we found that the variations of terrigenous material discharges might be related closely to variations of the East Asian Summer Monsoon(EASM). Weaker EASM resulted in a convergence rain belt and longer residence time in the South China regions, which increased the efficiency of weathering and denudation of the source area. Moreover, increased rainfall enhanced the land runoff and as a result more terrigenous materials were transported to the South Okinawa Trough.},
	isbn = {1000-2383},
	author = {Chen, Jinxia and Li, Tiegang and Qingyun, Nan}
}
@article {518,
	title = {Vast laminated diatom mat deposits from the west low-latitude Pacific Ocean in the last glacial period},
	journal = {Chinese Science Bulletin},
	volume = {54},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1928; PT: J; UT: WOS:000272622100036},
	pages = {4529-4533},
	abstract = {Diatoms are one of the predominant contributors to global carbon fixation by accounting for over 40\% of total oceanic primary production and dominate export production. They play a significant role in marine biogeochemistry cycle. The diatom mat deposits are results of vast diatoms bloom. By analysis of diatom mats in 136 degrees 00{\textquoteright}-140 degrees 00{\textquoteright}E, 15 degrees 00{\textquoteright}-21 degrees 00{\textquoteright}N, Eastern Philippines Sea, we identified the species of the diatoms as giant Ethmodiscus rex (Wallich) Hendey. AMS (14)C dating shows that the sediments rich in diatom mats occurred during 16000-28600 a B.P., which means the bloom mainly occurred during the last glacial period, while there are no diatom mat deposits in other layers. Preliminary analysis indicates that Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) expanded northward and brought silicate-rich water into the area, namely, silicon leakage processes caused the bloom of diatoms. In addition, the increase of iron input is one of the main reasons for the diatom bloom.},
	issn = {1001-6538},
	doi = {10.1007/s11434-009-0447-1},
	author = {Zhai, Bin and Li, Tiegang and Chang, Fengming and Cao, QiYuan}
}
@article {319,
	title = {3500 yr record of centennial-scale climate variability from the Western Pacific Warm Pool},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {36},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 1894; ISI Document Delivery No.: 357HB Times Cited: 1 Cited Reference Count: 36 Cited References: ALDRIAN E, 2003, INT J CLIMATOL, V23, P1435, DOI 10.1002/joc.950 ALTABET MA, 1994, GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY, V8, P103 ALTABET MA, 2001, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V46, P368 ARRUDA WZ, 2003, J PHYS OCEANOGR, V33, P2815 BRANDES JA, 1998, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V43, P1680 BRANDES JA, 2002, GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICA, V16 CASCIOTTI KL, 2002, ANAL CHEM, V74, P4905, DOI 10.1021/ac020113w CHRISTIAN JR, 2004, DEEP-SEA RES PT II, V51, P209, DOI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2003.06.002 DEUTSCH C, 2007, NATURE, V445, P163, DOI 10.1038/nature05392 GANESHRAM RS, 2000, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V15, P361 GRANGER J, 2004, EOS T AM GEOPHYS U S, V85 GRANGER J, 2004, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V49, P1763 HAUG GH, 1998, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V13, P427 HAUG GH, 2001, SCIENCE, V293, P1304 HODELL DA, 2005, QUATERNARY SCI REV, V24, P1413, DOI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.10.013 LIU KK, 1989, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V34, P820 MAKOU MC, 2007, ORG GEOCHEM, V38, P1680, DOI 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2007.06.003 MARIOTTI A, 1981, PLANT SOIL, V62, P413 MASUMOTO Y, 2001, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V28, P1631 MIDDELBURG JJ, 1990, GEOL ULTRIECTIN, V71, P177 MOY CM, 2002, NATURE, V420, P162 NEWTON A, 2006, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V33, ARTN L19710 REIN B, 2004, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V31, ARTN L17211 REIN B, 2005, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V20, ARTN PA4003 REYNOLDS RW, 1994, J CLIMATE, V7, P929 RODBELL DT, 1999, SCIENCE, V283, P516 SIGMAN DM, 2003, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V4, ARTN 1040 SIGMAN DM, 2005, GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY, V19, ARTN GB4022 STOTT L, 2004, NATURE, V431, P56, DOI 10.1038/nature02903 STREETPERROTT FA, 1997, SCIENCE, V278, P1422 THUNELL R, 2004, GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICA, V18, UNSP GB3001 UEKI I, 2003, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V108, ARTN 3243 VANAKEN HMV, 1988, NETHERLANDS J SEA RE, V22, P403, DOI 10.1016/0077-7579(88)90011-7 VANDERWEIJDEN CH, 1989, NETH J SEA RES, V24, P583 VANRIEL PM, 1943, OCEANOGRAPHIC RESU 5, V2 WYRTKI K, 1961, NAGA REPORT, V2 Langton, S. J. Linsley, B. K. Robinson, R. S. Rosenthal, Y. Oppo, D. W. Eglinton, T. I. Howe, S. S. Djajadihardja, Y. S. Syamsudin, F. U.S. National Science Foundation [OCE-0502550, OCE-0502504, OCE-052960] This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (grants OCE-0502550, OCE-0502504, and OCE-052960). We thank the captain, crew, technicians, and the scientific crew who helped with sample collection on the R/V Baruna Jaya VIII. Geological soc amer, inc Boulder; YY},
	pages = {795-798},
	abstract = {We use geochemical data from a sediment core in the shallow-silled and intermittently dysoxic Kau Bay in Halmahera (Indonesia, lat 1 degrees N, long 127.5 degrees E) to reconstruct century-scale climate variability within the Western Pacific Warm Pool over the past similar to 3500 yr. Downcore variations in bulk sedimentary delta N-15 appear to reflect century-scale variability in basin ventilation, attributed to changes in oceanographic conditions related to century-scale fluctuations in El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). We infer an increase in century-scale El Nino activity beginning ca. 1700 yr B.P. with peaks in El Nino activity ca. 1500 yr B.P., 1150 yr B.P., and ca. 700 yr B.P. The Kau Bay results suggest that there was diminished ENSO amplitude or frequency, or a departure from El Nino-like conditions during the Medieval Warm Period, and distinctive, but steadily decreasing, El Nino activity during and after the Little Ice Age.},
	issn = {0091-7613},
	doi = {10.1130/g24926a.1},
	author = {Langton, S. J. and Linsley, B. K. and Robinson, R. S. and Rosenthal, Y. and Oppo, D. W. and Eglinton, T. I. and Howe, S. S. and Djajadihardja, Y. S. and Syamsudin, F.}
}
@article {357,
	title = {Abrupt climate change and collapse of deep-sea ecosystems},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
	volume = {105},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 1884; 261KQ Times Cited:12 Cited References Count:71Y},
	pages = {1556-1560},
	abstract = {We investigated the deep-sea fossil record of benthic ostracodes during periods of rapid climate and oceanographic change over the past 20,000 years in a core from intermediate depth in the northwestern Atlantic. Results show that deep-sea benthic community "collapses" occur with faunal turnover of up to 50\% during major climatically driven oceanographic changes. Species diversity as measured by the Shannon-Wiener index falls from 3 to as low as 1.6 during these events. Major disruptions in the benthic communities commenced with Heinrich Event 1, the Inter-Allerod Cold Period (IACP: 13.1 ka), the Younger Dryas (YD: 12.9-11.5 ka), and several Holocene Bond events when changes in deep-water circulation occurred. The largest collapse is associated with the YD/IACP and is characterized by an abrupt two-step decrease in both the upper North Atlantic Deep Water assemblage and species diversity at 13.1 ka and at 12.2 ka. The ostracode fauna at this site did not fully recover until approximate to 8 ka, with the establishment of Labrador Sea Water ventilation. Ecologically opportunistic slope species prospered during this community collapse. Other abrupt community collapses during the past 20 ka generally correspond to millennial climate events. These results indicate that deep-sea ecosystems are not immune to the effects of rapid climate changes occurring over centuries or less.},
	issn = {0027-8424},
	doi = {10.1073/pnas.0705486105},
	author = {Yasuhara, M. and Cronin, T. M. and deMenocal, P. B. and Okahashi, H. and Linsley, B. K.}
}
@article {384,
	title = {Assessing sedimentary records of paleohurricane activity using modeled hurricane climatology},
	journal = {Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 1895; ISI Document Delivery No.: 351AC Times Cited: 2 Cited Reference Count: 46 Cited References: BOVE MC, 1998, B AM METEOROL SOC, V79, P2477 DEMUTH JL, 2006, J APPL METEOROL CLIM, V45, P1573 DONNELLY JP, 2001, GEOL SOC AM BULL, V113, P714 DONNELLY JP, 2001, GEOLOGY, V29, P615 DONNELLY JP, 2001, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V98, P14218 DONNELLY JP, 2004, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V31, ARTN L05203 DONNELLY JP, 2004, HURRICANES TYPHOONS, P58 DONNELLY JP, 2004, MAR GEOL, V210, P107, DOI 10.1016/j.margeo.2004.05.005 DONNELLY JP, 2005, J COAST RES S, V142, P201 DONNELLY JP, 2007, NATURE, V447, P465, DOI 10.1038/nature05834 ELSNER JB, 2001, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V28, P4123 ELSNER JB, 2001, J CLIMATE, V14, P4341 ELSNER JB, 2008, J APPL METEOROL CLIM, V47, P368, DOI 10.1175/2007JAMC1692.1 EMANUEL K, 2004, J ATMOS SCI, V61, P843 EMANUEL K, 2006, B AM METEOROL SOC, V87, P299, DOI 10.1175/BAMS-87-3-299 EMANUEL K, 2008, B AM METEOROL SOC, V89, P347, DOI 10.1175/BAMS-89-3-347 FRAPPIER A, 2007, TELLUS A, V59, P529, DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0870.2007.00250.x FRAPPIER AB, 2007, GEOLOGY, V35, P111, DOI 10.1130/G23145A.1 GEHRELS WR, 2005, QUATERNARY SCI REV, V24, P2083, DOI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.11.016 GOLDENBERG SB, 2001, SCIENCE, V293, P474 GONZALEZ JL, 2006, EOS, V87, P493, DOI 10.1029/2006EO450001 GRAY WM, 1984, MON WEATHER REV, V112, P1649 JELESNIANSKI CP, 1992, NOAA TECH REP NWS, V48 KALNAY E, 1996, B AM METEOROL SOC, V77, P437 LAMBERT WJ, 2008, J PALEOLIMNOL, V39, P117, DOI 10.1007/s10933-007-9101-6 LIGHTY RG, 1982, CORAL REEFS, V1, P125 LIU KB, 1993, GEOLOGY, V21, P793 LIU KB, 2000, QUATERNARY RES, V54, P238 MALMQUIST DL, 1997, 22 C HURR TROP MET A MERCADO A, 1994, NAT HAZARDS, V10, P235, DOI 10.1007/BF00596144 MILLER DL, 2006, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V103, P14294, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0606549103 MOY CM, 2002, NATURE, V420, P162 NGUETSOP VF, 2004, QUATERNARY SCI REV, V23, P591, DOI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2003.10.007 NOTT J, 2001, NATURE, V413, P508 NOTT J, 2004, ENVIRON INT, V30, P433, DOI 10.1016/j.cnvint.2003.09.010 NOTT J, 2007, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V255, P367, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2006.12.023 NYBERG J, 2002, PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL, V183, P25 PIELKE RA, 1999, B AM METEOROL SOC, V80, P2027 PIELKE RA, 2008, NAT HAZARDS REV, V9, P29, DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)1527-6988(2008)9:1(29) RICHEY JN, 2007, GEOLOGY, V35, P423, DOI 10.1130/G23507A.1 SCILEPPI E, 2007, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V8, ARTN Q06011 SIMPSON RH, 1981, HURRICANE ITS IMPACT STOCKDON HF, 2006, COAST ENG, V53, P573, DOI 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2005.12.005 TORNQVIST TE, 2004, GEOL SOC AM BULL, V116, P1026, DOI 10.1130/B2525478.1 WOODRUFF JD, 2008, VIEQUES PUERTO RICO, V36, P391, DOI 10.1130/G24731A.1 WRIGHT CW, 2001, J PHYS OCEANOGR, V31, P2472 Woodruff, Jonathan D. Donnelly, Jeffrey P. Emanuel, Kerry Lane, Philip National Science Foundation ; Risk Prediction Initiative ; National Geographic Society ; Coastal Ocean Institute at WHOI ; Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Endowed Fund for Innovative Research Funding for this research was provided by the Earth Systems History Program of the National Science Foundation, Risk Prediction Initiative, National Geographic Society, Coastal Ocean Institute at WHOI, and the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Endowed Fund for Innovative Research. We are grateful to E. Bryant, M. Gomes, E. Scileppi, and J. Tierney, who assisted with the field and lab work, and thank A. Solow for informative discussions. Special thanks to J. Elsner for providing the POT modeling code and documentation. This article benefited through constructive reviews by three anonymous referees. Amer geophysical union Washington; YY},
	abstract = {Patterns of overwash deposition observed within back-barrier sediment archives can indicate past changes in tropical cyclone activity; however, it is necessary to evaluate the significance of observed trends in the context of the full range of variability under modern climate conditions. Here we present a method for assessing the statistical significance of patterns observed within a sedimentary hurricane-overwash reconstruction. To alleviate restrictions associated with the limited number of historical hurricanes affecting a specific site, we apply a recently published technique for generating a large number of synthetic storms using a coupled ocean- atmosphere hurricane model set to simulate modern climatology. Thousands of overwash records are generated for a site using a random draw of these synthetic hurricanes, a prescribed threshold for overwash, and a specified temporal resolution based on sedimentation rates observed at a particular site. As a test case we apply this Monte Carlo technique to a hurricane- induced overwash reconstruction developed from Laguna Playa Grande (LPG), a coastal lagoon located on the island of Vieques, Puerto Rico in the northeastern Caribbean. Apparent overwash rates in the LPG overwash record are observed to be four times lower between 2500 and 1000 years B. P. when compared to apparent overwash rates during the last 300 years. However, probability distributions based on Monte Carlo simulations indicate that as much as 65\% of this drop can be explained by a reduction in the temporal resolution for older sediments due to a decrease in sedimentation rates. Periods of no apparent overwash activity at LPG between 2500 and 3600 years B. P. and 500-1000 years B. P. are exceptionally long and are unlikely to occur (above 99\% confidence) under the current climate conditions. In addition, breaks in activity are difficult to produce even when the hurricane model is forced to a constant El Nino state. Results from this study continue to support the interpretation that the western North Atlantic has exhibited significant changes in hurricane climatology over the last 5500 years.},
	issn = {1525-2027},
	doi = {10.1029/2008gc002043},
	author = {Woodruff, J. D. and Donnelly, J. P. and Emanuel, K. and Lane, P.}
}
@article {435,
	title = {A Be-10 chronology of lateglacial and Holocene mountain glaciation in the Scoresby Sund region, east Greenland: implications for seasonality during lateglacial time},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {27},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 1868; 389XX Times Cited:7 Cited References Count:75Y},
	pages = {2273-2282},
	abstract = {Thirty-eight new cosmogenic (Be-10) exposure ages from the Scoresby Sund region of east Greenland indicate that prominent moraine sets deposited by mountain glaciers date from 780 to 310 yr, approximately during the Little Ice Age, from 11660 to 10 630 yr, at the end of the Younger Dryas cold interval or during Preboreal time, and from 13 010 to 11630 yr, during lateglacial time. Equilibrium line altitudes (ELAs) interpreted from lateglacial to Early Holocene moraines indicate summertime cooling between similar to 3.9 and 6.6 degrees C relative to today{\textquoteright}s value, much less than the extreme Younger Dryas cooling registered by Greenland ice cores (mean-annual temperatures of similar to 15 degrees C colder than today{\textquoteright}s value). This apparent discrepancy between paleotemperature records supports the contention that Younger Dryas cooling was primarily a wintertime phenomenon. Be-10 ages of lateglacial and Holocene moraines show that mountain glaciers during the Little Ice Age were more extensive than at any other time since the Early Holocene Epoch. In addition, 10Be ages of lateglacial moraines show extensive reworking of boulders with cosmogenic nuclides inherited from prior periods of exposure, consistent with our geomorphic observations and cosmogenic-exposure dating studies in other Arctic regions. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.08.004},
	author = {Kelly, M. A. and Lowell, T. V. and Hall, B. L. and Schaefer, J. M. and Finkel, R. C. and Goehring, B. M. and Alley, R. B. and Denton, G. H.}
}
@article { ISI:000258791200003,
	title = {Biodiesel effects on particulate radiocarbon (C-14) emissions from a diesel engine},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE},
	volume = {39},
	number = {{8}},
	year = {2008},
	month = {AUG},
	pages = {667-678},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The relative amount of C-14 in a sample of atmospheric particulate matter (PM), defined as percent modern carbon (pMC), allows the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to infer the fraction of PM derived from anthropogenic pollution sources. With increased use of biofuels that contain C-14, the main assumption of the two-source model, that C-14 is solely derived from biogenic emissions, may become invalid. The goal of this study was to determine the C-14 content of PM emitted from an off-highway diesel engine running on commercial grade biodiesel. Tests were conducted with an off-highway diesel engine running at 80\% load fueled by various blends of soy-based biodiesel. A dilution tunnel was used to collect PM10 emissions on quartz filters that were analyzed for their C-14 content using accelerator mass spectrometry. A mobility particle sizer and 5-gas analyzer provided supporting information on the particle size distribution and gas-phase emissions. The pMC of PM10 aerosol increased linearly with the percentage of biodiesel present in the fuel. Therefore, PM emissions resulting from increased combustion of biodiesel fuels will likely affect contemporary C-14 apportionment efforts that attempt to split biogenic vs. anthropogenic emissions based on aerosol C-14 content. Increasing the biodiesel fuel content also reduced emissions of total hydrocarbons (THC), PM10 mass, and particulate elemental carbon. Biodiesel had variable results on oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {biofuel, EC, OC, PM, source apportionment},
	issn = {0021-8502},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jaerosci.2008.04.001},
	author = {Bennett, Maren and Volckens, John and Stanglmaier, Rudy and McNichol, Ann P. and Ellenson, William D. and Lewis, Charles W.}
}
@article {1879,
	title = {Carbonate cycle and its control factors in Kuroshio source region during the last 190ka BP},
	journal = {Yanshi Xuebao = Acta Petrologica Sinica},
	volume = {24},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 1934; NO: Source type: scholarlyjournals; Object type: Article; Copyright: GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2011, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef.; CSAUnique: 577070-23; AccNum: 577070-23; ISSN: 1000-0569; Peer Reviewed: true},
	month = {2008},
	pages = {1401-1401-1410},
	abstract = {Two deep sea cores (Ph05-5, 16.05 degrees N, 124.34 degrees E, water depth 3382m and WP3:22.15 degrees N, 122.95 degrees E, water depth 2700m) retrieved from the Kuroshio source region of the western Philippine Sea were selected to carry out the CaCO},
	isbn = {1000-0569, 1000-0569},
	author = {Jingtao, Zhao and Chang, Fengming and Li, Tiegang and Qingyun, Nan and Li, Qing}
}
@article {526,
	title = {Catastrophic hurricane history revealed by organic geochemical proxies in coastal lake sediments: a case study of Lake Shelby, Alabama (USA)},
	journal = {Journal of Paleolimnology},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 2037; PT: J; UT: WOS:000251730600010},
	pages = {117-131},
	abstract = {We developed a new method for reconstructing millennia-long hurricane records from coastal environments that uses Organic Geochemical Proxies (OGPs) of organic carbon and nitrogen concentrations and their delta C-13 and delta N-15 compositions. The new method is independent of presence/absence of sand layers and improves significantly the severe-storm history resolution. The subject of this investigation is a 1.5 m long sediment core raised at 2.8 m water depth from the center of Lake Shelby, Alabama, a freshwater lake located approximately 250 m from the Gulf of Mexico, from which an overwash sand-layer based record was previously derived. The core contains two distinct sediment units; an upper 62 cm thick, fine-grained, organic-rich lacustrine sapropel (gyttja) that shows no visible structures except one sand lamina at 23.7 cm depth, and an underlying 90 cm thick, organic-poor lagoon/estuary clay unit. The sapropel unit was deposited over a 682 +/- 30 cal year time interval (1320-2002 A.D.) with a mean sedimentation rate of 0.79 +/- 0.04 mm/year. Lake Shelby{\textquoteright}s water column exhibits two contrasting states based on water chemistry surveys (i) an "isolated", stratified, mode under calm weather conditions with a relatively low trophic state, and (ii) a "flooded" mode occurring during storm surges when nutrient-rich seawater floods the lake. Statistically significant delta C-13 and delta N-15 positive excursions in organic matter, up to maximum values of -25 (parts per thousand PDB) and 4 (parts per thousand Air N-2), respectively, are interpreted as geochemical responses to the marine intrusions that fertilize the lake, increase light availability, and cause eutrophication spikes. Detailed OGPs analyses crossing a sand layer that offers visual evidence of a catastrophic hurricane overwash event at 1717 A.D. exhibit large delta C-13 and delta N-15 positive shifts bounded by rapid returns to base values, thus confirming the validity of the hurricane identification by the OGPs model. Our data indicate that 11 catastrophic hurricanes hit the Alabama coast over the past 682 years with a rough recurrence interval of one in 62 years.},
	issn = {0921-2728},
	doi = {10.1007/s10933-007-9101-6},
	author = {Lambert, W. Joe and Aharon, Paul and Rodriguez, Antonio B.}
}
@article {492,
	title = {Changes in the composition of organic matter from prodeltaic sediments after a large flood event (Po River, Italy)},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {72},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 888; 290IO Times Cited:4 Cited References Count:66Y},
	pages = {2100-2114},
	abstract = {The Po River (Italy) experienced a 100-year flood in October 2000. Surface sediments (0-1 cm) from cross-shelf transects were collected in the Po prodelta area (Adriatic Sea) in December 2000, in order to describe the distribution of organic matter (OM) along the main sediment dispersal system immediately after the flood event. Stations were subsequently reoccupied in October 2001 and April 2002. This sampling program provided a special opportunity to characterize the initial surficial flood deposit and the evolution of its associated OM over the course of 2 years. CuO oxidation, elemental, delta C-13, Delta C-14, and grain-size analyses were carried out to characterize the source, age, and spatial variability of sedimentary OM. Statistical analysis (PERMANOVA) was then applied to investigate temporal changes in different portions of the Po prodelta area. Isotopic and biomarker data suggest that the sedimentary OM in the flood deposit was initially dominated by aged (Delta C-14(Dec-00) = -298.7 +/- 56.3\%,), lignin-poor OM (Lambda(Dec-00) = 1.96 +/- 0.33 mg/100 mg OC), adsorbed on the fine material (clay(Dec-00) = 72.1 +/- 4.8\%) delivered by the flood. In the 2 years following the flood, post-depositional processes significantly increased the content of lignin (Lambda(Oct-01) = 2.19 +/- 0.51 mg/100 mg OC; Lambda(Apr-02) = 2.61 +/- 0.63 mg/100 mg OC); and coarse material (silt and sand), while decreasing the contributions from aged OC (Delta C-14(Oct-01) = -255.7 +/- 32.8\%.; Delta C-14(Apr-02) = -213.2 +/- 30.4\%.) and fine fraction (clay(Oct-01) = 54.8 +/- 9.5\%; clay(Apr-02) = 44.6 +/- 13.3\%). The major changes were observed in the northern and central portions of the prodelta. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/J.Gca.2008.02.005},
	author = {Tesi, T. and Langone, L. and Go{\~n}i, M. A. and Miserocchi, S. and Bertasi, F.}
}
@article {260,
	title = {Deglacial variability in the surface return flow of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {23},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 838; 281YL Times Cited:4 Cited References Count:41; YY},
	abstract = {[1] Benthic foraminiferal Cd/Ca from a Florida Current sediment core documents the history of the northward penetration of southern source waters within the surface return flow of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). Cd seawater estimates (Cd-W) indicate that intermediate-depth southern source waters crossed the equator and contributed to the Florida Current during the Bolling-Allerod warm period of the last deglaciation, consistent with evidence of only a modest AMOC reduction compared to today. The Cd-W estimates also provide the first paleoceanographic evidence of a reduction in the influence of intermediate-depth southern source waters within the Florida Current during the Younger Dryas, a deglacial cold event characterized by a weak North Atlantic AMOC. Our results reveal a close correspondence between the northward penetration of intermediate-depth southern source waters and the influence of North Atlantic Deep Water, suggesting a possible link between intermediate-depth southern source waters and the strength of the Atlantic AMOC.},
	issn = {0883-8305},
	doi = {10.1029/2007pa001450},
	author = {Came, R. E. and Oppo, D. W. and Curry, W. B. and Lynch-Stieglitz, J.}
}
@article {688,
	title = {Eruptive history, geochronology, and magmatic evolution of the Puyehue-Cordon Caulle volcanic complex, Chile},
	journal = {Geological Society of America Bulletin},
	volume = {120},
	year = {2008},
	note = {300ujTimes Cited:61Cited References Count:55},
	month = {May-Jun},
	pages = {599-618},
	abstract = {Forty-three Ar-40/Ar-39 age determinations of lava flows, domes, ignimbrites, and dikes, plus C-14 dates from seven distal tephra layers, combined with stratigraphy, geochemistry, and Sr and Th isotope data, establish an eruptive chronology for the Puyehue-Cordon Caulle volcanic complex at 40.5 degrees S in the Andean southern volcanic zone (SVZ). The complex preserves similar to 131 km(3) of lava and tephra that erupted from numerous vents widely separated in time and space. Approximately 80\% of the total volume consists of basaltic to andesitic lava that formed two broad shield volcanoes between 314 and 70 ka. The modern Puyehue stratovolcano was built on the southerly shield during the past 69 k.y. following a hiatus of 25 k.y. Puyehue has erupted similar to 15 km(3) of basaltic to rhyolitic magma that spans the entire compositional range found in the southern SVZ and evolved via at least six phases including: (1) basaltic andesitic to dacitic lavas between 69 and 32 ka, (2) a shift to bimodal magma compositions that is first expressed by a rhyodacite mingled with inclusions of MgO-rich basaltic andesite at 34 ka, (3) dacitic to rhyolitic flows and domes from 19 to 12 ka, (4) basaltic to basaltic andesitic flows between 15 and 12 ka, (5) subsequent rhyolitic dome growth in several effusive and explosive stages between 7 and 5 ka, followed by (6) a powerful series of phreatomagmatic and sub-Plinian eruptions at ca. 1.1 ka that obliterated the preceding rhyolite domes and formed the present 2.5-km-diameter, 280-m-deep summit crater. Along the Cordon Caulle fissure zone, similar to 5 km(3) of rhyodacitic to rhyolitic lavas, domes, and cones have formed during the past similar to 16.5 k.y., including explosive and effusive eruptions in 1921-1922 and 1960.Eruptive rates were nonuniform over time, with background growth at 0.04 km(3)/k.y. or less, punctuated by spurts at up to 0.90 km(3)/ k.y. The time-averaged rate, 0.42 km(3)/k.y., is nearly double that at the Tatara-San Pedro complex 500 km to the north during the past 300 k.y. These findings indicate that within a single are the magmatic and eruptive fluxes at individual frontal volcanoes can be highly variable. The last three stratocone-building events on Puyehue began during periods of deglaciation, suggesting a relationship between unloading of ice and ease of magma ascent. Puyehue basalt exhibits subtle changes in U-238-Th-230, Sr-87/Sr-86, and trace element composition over time that signal shifts in the composition and degree of melting of the mantle wedge, or the extent to which basalt was modified by assimilation of heterogeneous crustal melts. The complex has become exceptionally bimodal and more explosive over time with recent rhyolites evolving by extreme crystal fractionation of malic magma and lesser volumes of andesite and dacite created via mixing of rhyolite and basalt. Despite the high flux of basalt during the past 300 k.y., no large silicic magma reservoir formed in the upper crust. Instead, U-238-Th-230 data favor rapid ascent of several small bodies of basaltic and silicic magma from the lower crust, promoted perhaps by conduits that reflect strike-slip faulting beneath the complex.},
	issn = {0016-7606},
	doi = {10.1130/B26276.1},
	author = {Singer, B. S. and Jicha, B. R. and Harper, M. A. and Naranjo, J. A. and Lara, L. E. and Moreno-Roa, H.}
}
@article {904,
	title = {Evolution in upper water structure and paleoproductivity in the northern margin of the western pacific warm pool and its forcing mechanism during the last 190 ka B.P.-evidence from nannofossil, foraminifera and their isotope com position},
	journal = {Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 1932},
	pages = {305-311},
	author = {Zhao, Jingtao and Li, Tiegang and Chang, Fengming and Jiang, Bo}
}
@article {1871,
	title = {The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Holocene Series/Epoch (Quaternary System/Period) in the NGRIP ice core RID B-5560-2008 RID F-1111-2011},
	journal = {Episodes},
	volume = {31},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 1988; PT: J; CT: 17th Congress of the International-Union-for-Quaternary-Research; CY: JUL 28-AUG 03, 2007; CL: Cairns, AUSTRALIA; SP: Int Union Quaternary Res; UT: WOS:000258669100017},
	month = {2008},
	pages = {264-267},
	abstract = {The Greenland ice core from NorthGRIP (NGRIP) contains a proxy climate record across the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary of unprecedented clarity and resolution. Analysis of an array of physical and chemical parameters within the ice enables the base of the Holocene, as reflected in the first signs of climatic warming at the end of the Younger Dryas/Greenland Stadial 1 cold phase, to be located with a high degree of precision. This climatic event is most clearly reflected in an. abrupt shaft in deuterium excess values, accompanied by more gradual changes in delta(18)O, dust concentration, a range of chemical species, and annual layer thickness. A timescale based on multi-parameter annual layer counting provides an age of 11,700 yr b2k (before AD2000) for the base of the Holocene, with, an estimated 2 sigma uncertainty of 99 yr: It is proposed that an archived core from this unique sequence should constitute the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Holocene Series/Epoch (Quaternary System/Period).},
	isbn = {0705-3797},
	author = {Walker, Mike and Johnsen, Sigfu{\textquoteright}s and Rasmussen, Sune Olander and Steffensen, Jorgen-Peder and Popp, Trevor and Gibbard, Philip and Hoek, Wim and Lowe, John and Andrews, John and Bjorck, Svante and Cwynar, Les and Hughen, Konrad and Kershaw, Peter and Kromer, Bernd and Litt, Thomas and Lowe, David J. and Nakagawa, Takeshi and Newnham, Rewi and Schwander, Jakob}
}
@article {321,
	title = {Holocene erosion of the Lesser Himalaya triggered by intensified summer monsoon},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {36},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 800; 247YL Times Cited:7 Cited References Count:27; YY},
	pages = {79-82},
	abstract = {Climate is one of the principal controls setting rates of continental erosion. Here we present the results of a provenance analysis of Holocene sediments from the Indus delta in order to assess climatic controls on erosion over millennial time scales. Bulk sediment Nd isotope analysis reveals a number of changes during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene (at 14-20,11-12 and 8-9 ka) away from erosion of the Karakoram and toward more sediment flux from the Himalaya. Radiometric Ar-Ar dating of muscovite and U-Pb dating of zircon sand grains indicate that the Lesser Himalaya eroded relatively more strongly than the Greater Himalaya as global climate warmed and the summer monsoon intensified after 14 ka. Monsoon rains appear to be the primary force controlling erosion across the western Himalaya, at least over millennial time scales. This variation is preserved with no apparent lag in sediments from the delta, but not in the deep Arabian Sea, due to sediment buffering on the continental shelf.},
	issn = {0091-7613},
	doi = {10.1130/G24315a.1},
	author = {Clift, P. D. and Giosan, L. and Biusztajn, J. and Campbell, I. H. and Allen, C. and Pringle, M. and Tabrez, A. R. and Danish, M. and Rabbani, M. M. and Alizai, A. and Carter, A. and Lueckge, A.}
}
@article {441,
	title = {A Holocene paleotemperature record based on radiolaria from the northern Okinawa Trough (East China Sea)},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	volume = {183},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 1926; PT: J; UT: WOS:000257255700009},
	pages = {115-122},
	abstract = {Using a radiolarian-based transfer function, mean annual sea surface temperature (SST) and seasonal temperature range are reconstructed through the last 10,500yrs in the northern Okinawa Trough. Down-core SST estimates reveal that throughout the Holocene the changes of mean annual SST display a three-step trend: (i) an early Holocene continuous warming between 10,500 and 8500yr BP which ends up with a abrupt cooling at about 8200yr BP; (ii) a relatively stable middle Holocene with high SST that lasted until 3200yr BP; and (iii) a late-Holocene distinct SST decline between 3200 and 500yr BP. This pattern is in agreement with the ice core and terrestrial paleoclimatic records in the Chinese continent and other regions of the world. Five cooling events with abrupt mean annual SST drops, which occur at similar to 300-600, 1400, 3100, 4600-5100 and 8200yr BP, are recognized during the last 10,500yrs. Comparison of our results with records of GISP2 ice core and marine sediment in North Atlantic region suggests these cooling events are strongly coupled, which implies a possible significant climatic correlation between high- and low-latitude areas. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {1040-6182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2006.12.007},
	author = {Chang, Fengming and Li, Tiegang and Zhuang, Lihua and Yan, Jun}
}
@article {503,
	title = {Late Holocene marine productivity changes in Northern Patagonia-Chile inferred from a multi-proxy analysis of Jacaf channel sediments},
	journal = {Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science},
	volume = {80},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 2117; PT: J; TC: 5; J9: ESTUAR COAST SHELF S; UT: WOS:000261562600002},
	pages = {314-322},
	abstract = {A multi-proxy approach based on organic (organic carbon, alkenones, and C/N) and inorganic geochemical proxies (biogenic opal, inorganic carbon, Fe, Ti, and Ca) preserved in the sediments of the Jacaf channel (CF7-PC33; 44 degrees 21{\textquoteright}S, 72 degrees 58{\textquoteright}W, 510 m water depth), Chilean fjords, yields evidence of major past productivity fluctuations in accordance with climatic changes over the last similar to 1800 years. The downcore record clearly shows two productivity/climate modes. The first period, prior to 900 cal yr BP, is characterized by decreased marine productivity and a reduced continental signal, pointing to diminished precipitation and runoff. In contrast, the second period between similar to 750 cal yr BP and the late 1800s (top of core) is illustrated by elevated productivity and an increased continental signal, suggesting higher precipitation and runoff. Both time intervals are separated by a relatively abrupt transition of similar to 150 years which roughly coincides with the beginning of the Little Ice Age. The increased content of freshwater diatoms and Chrysophyte cysts that characterize the last 200 years of the latter mode coincides with a significant decrease in the carbonate content of the sediment; together they further indicate increased terrigenous contributions and decreased marine carbonate productivity at the end of the Little Ice Age. The correspondence between our record and other paleoclimate studies carried out in South America and Antarctica demonstrates that the Chilean fjord area of Northern Patagonia is not just sensitive to local climatic variability but also to regional and possibly global variability. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0272-7714},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ecss.2008.08.016},
	author = {Rebolledo, Lorena and Sepulveda, Julio and Lange, Carina B. and Pantoja, Silvio and Bertrand, Sbastien and Hughen, Konrad and Figueroae, Dante}
}
@article {434,
	title = {Life on the edge: early maritime cultures of the Pacific Coast of North America},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {27},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 2062; PT: J; SI: SI; UT: WOS:000261715500012},
	pages = {2232-2245},
	abstract = {A variety of evidence suggests that the Americas may have been colonized, at least in part, by maritime peoples moving around the North Pacific Rim near the end of the Pleistocene. Understanding the geography of late glacial and early postglacial landscapes and the antiquity of human societies along the Pacific Coast continues to be a challenge, however, due to geological dynamics associated with glaciation, tectonism, submergence of coastal lowland landscapes by rising postglacial seas, and coastal erosion. Nonetheless, archaeological research has Pushed back the antiquity of human settlement along the Pacific Coast of North America to the terminal Pleistocene or early Holocene, providing important new data on the nature of the earliest coastal peoples in the Pacific Northwest, Alta California, and Baja California. In this paper, we summarize what is known about the earliest peoples of the Pacific Coast of North America and evaluate the Current viability of the coastal migration theory via a Pacific Rim route. Archaeological evidence now shows that Palaeocoastal peoples occupied each major region of the Pacific Coast by at least 13,000-11,500 calendar years ago (cal BP) (13-11.5 ka), essentially contemporaneous with Clovis and Folsom peoples of the interior. Although it is too early to conclude that the initial human colonization of the Americas took place via a migration by maritime or coastal peoples, it seems increasingly likely that such a migration played a role in the early peopling of the Americas. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.08.014},
	author = {Erlandson, Jon M. and Moss, Madonna L. and Des Lauriers, Matthew}
}
@article {2446,
	title = {Method for determining coal carbon in the reclaimed minesoils contaminated with coal},
	journal = {Soil Science Society of America Journal},
	volume = {72},
	year = {2008},
	note = {24},
	month = {Jan-Feb},
	pages = {231-237},
	abstract = {Minesoils are anthropic soils developed on land disturbed by mining activities. Minesoils developed on the reclaimed surface-mined sites for coal are contaminated with coal particles resulting from mining and reclamation activities. Therefore, the total organic carbon (TOC) pool in these sites is a mixture of coal and plant-derived recent soil organic carbon (SOC). Accurate estimates of SOC pools and C sequestration rates in the reclaimed minesoils (RMS) is limited by the lack of a standard and cost-effective method for determination of coal C concentrations in the RMS. The chemi-thermal method, based on the oxidative resistance of coal, was developed and validated with radiocarbon analysis using selected artificial soil-coal mixtures and minesoil samples. Radiocarbon analysis of RMS samples indicated that minesoils from the top 10-cm depth developing from topsoil applied during reclamation was coal C free. The contribution of coal C and the radiocarbon age of TOC increased with increasing soil depth. The coal C fraction accounted for 0 to 92\% of TOC in the RMS samples. The coal C fraction was highly correlated with delta C-13 (r(2) = 0.84), suggesting that stable isotope composition could estimate the coal C concentration in RMS samples. Analysis of coal and artificial soil and coal mixtures indicated that chemi-thermal treatment was effective in removing recent SOC with minimum effect on coal. Analysis of RMS samples indicated that both radiocarbon activity and the chemi-thermal method were effective in estimating coal C concentration in RMS of southeast Ohio. The coal C concentrations for both methods were highly correlated (r(2) = 0.95), suggesting that the chemi-thermal method was as effective as radiocarbon activity measurement in estimating coal C concentration in these soils.},
	keywords = {BLACK CARBON, C-14, FOREST, GENESIS, MATTER, MINING DISTRICT, RICH MINE SOILS, sediments, SITES, SOIL ORGANIC-CARBON},
	isbn = {0361-5995},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.07.005},
	author = {Ussiri, D. A. N. and Lai, R.}
}
@article {482,
	title = {Modern CaCO3 preservation in equatorial Pacific sediments in the context of late-Pleistocene glacial cycles},
	journal = {Marine Chemistry},
	volume = {111},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 1936; PT: J; UT: WOS:000259418600004},
	pages = {30-46},
	abstract = {The CaCO3 content of marine sediments in many regions of the ocean has varied systematically with climate throughout the late-Pleistocene glacial cycles. Both biological productivity and carbonate preservation have been proposed to be the master variable regulating this variability. We have evaluated the preserved flux of CaCO3 in cores from the central equatorial Pacific Ocean (similar to 140 degrees W) using the Th-230-normalization technique. Neither barite fluxes nor Be-10/Th-230 ratios, both geochemical proxies for export production, correlate with CaCO3 fluxes, indicating that productivity is not the principal factor controlling CaCO3 accumulation in these sediments. Preserved fluxes of CaCO3 in central equatorial Pacific sediments correlate in time with the benchmark CaCO3 record from the Cape Basin (South Atlantic Ocean), supporting the view that changes in ocean chemistry (carbonate ion concentration) have controlled the pattern of CaCO3 preservation and accumulation at these sites. Modem CaCO3 preservation in equatorial Pacific sediments has dropped to levels nearly as low as those experienced at any time in the late Pleistocene. Similar changes occurred at the end of each of the late-Pleistocene interglacial periods, from which we infer that ocean carbonate chemistry has already undergone changes that are expected to precede the transition into the next ice age. However, during the late Pleistocene, the time interval between the decrease in CaCO3 preservation and the end of the interglacial has varied substantially from one interglacial to another (from similar to 2000 to similar to 15,000 years), so the late-Holocene decrease in CaCO3 preservation cannot be used to predict the end of the Holocene interglacial period. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0304-4203},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marchem.2007.11.011},
	author = {Anderson, R. F. and Fleisher, M. Q. and Lao, Y. and Winckler, G.}
}
@article {298,
	title = {Mutation and evolutionary rates in adelie penguins from the antarctic},
	journal = {Plos Genetics},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 1195; Millar, Craig D Dodd, Andrew Anderson, Jennifer Gibb, Gillian C Ritchie, Peter A Baroni, Carlo Woodhams, Michael D Hendy, Michael D Lambert, David M PLoS Genet. 2008 Oct 3;4(10):e1000209.2546446},
	pages = {e1000209},
	abstract = {Precise estimations of molecular rates are fundamental to our understanding of the processes of evolution. In principle, mutation and evolutionary rates for neutral regions of the same species are expected to be equal. However, a number of recent studies have shown that mutation rates estimated from pedigree material are much faster than evolutionary rates measured over longer time periods. To resolve this apparent contradiction, we have examined the hypervariable region (HVR I) of the mitochondrial genome using families of Adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) from the Antarctic. We sequenced 344 bps of the HVR I from penguins comprising 508 families with 915 chicks, together with both their parents. All of the 62 germline heteroplasmies that we detected in mothers were also detected in their offspring, consistent with maternal inheritance. These data give an estimated mutation rate (micro) of 0.55 mutations/site/Myrs (HPD 95\% confidence interval of 0.29-0.88 mutations/site/Myrs) after accounting for the persistence of these heteroplasmies and the sensitivity of current detection methods. In comparison, the rate of evolution (k) of the same HVR I region, determined using DNA sequences from 162 known age sub-fossil bones spanning a 37,000-year period, was 0.86 substitutions/site/Myrs (HPD 95\% confidence interval of 0.53 and 1.17). Importantly, the latter rate is not statistically different from our estimate of the mutation rate. These results are in contrast to the view that molecular rates are time dependent.},
	issn = {1553-7404 (Electronic) 1553-7390 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pgen.1000209},
	author = {Millar, C. D. and Dodd, A. and Anderson, J. and Gibb, G. C. and Ritchie, P. A. and Baroni, C. and Woodhams, M. D. and Hendy, M. D. and Lambert, D. M.}
}
@article {1878,
	title = {Oxygen and carbon isotope records of calcareous nannofossils from the west Philippine Sea during the last 190ka},
	journal = {Earth Science.Journal of China University of Geoscience},
	volume = {33},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 1933; NO: Source type: scholarlyjournals; Object type: Article; Copyright: GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2011, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef.; CSAUnique: 570969-5; AccNum: 570969-5; ISSN: 1000-2383; Peer Reviewed: true},
	month = {2008},
	pages = {183-183-189},
	abstract = {The piston core Ph05-5 recovered from the West Philippine Sea(16.049 degrees N, 124.344 degrees E, water depth 3382m) was used to study the delta (super 18) O and delta (super 13) C variations of calcareous nannofossils. The delta (super 18) O values of calcareous nannofossils were obviously lower in Holocene and the last interglaciation than those in the last and the penultimate glaciation. During the last 190 ka the nannofossil delta (super 18) O values were positively correlated with those of planktonic and benthic foraminifera from the same core. But the average delta (super 18) O value of nannofossils was 0.431X10 (super -3) , higher than that of planktonic foraminifera Globigerinoides rubber, and was 0.410X10 (super -3) , lower than that of planktonic foraminifera Neogloboquadrina dutertrei. All the above three average delta (super 18) O values were much lower than those of benthic foraminifera Cibicides wullerstorfi. The change of nannofossil delta (super 13) C values showed similar trends with the absolute abundance of calcareous nannofossils in core Ph05-5, which also indicates the primary productivity variations in the West Philippine Sea. The primary productivity stayed at a stable but relatively low level at MIS 6 and MIS 5e.There was an abrupt rise at the beginning of MIS 5d for the primary productivity which retained high value until 25 ka BP. The primary productivity showed a slight decline during MIS 2 and MIS 1, but still higher than that of MIS 6 and MIS 5e.},
	keywords = {02D, 24, algae, biochemistry, C-13/C-12, carbon, Cenozoic, Foraminifera, Geochemistry, Holocene, Invertebrata, Isotope geochemistry, isotope ratios, isotopes, Last glacial maximum, microfossils, nannofossils, north pacific, Northwest Pacific, O-18/O-16, oxygen, Pacific Ocean, paleo-oceanography, Philippine Sea, Plantae, Pleistocene, productivity, Protista, Quaternary, Quaternary geology, Stable isotopes, upper Pleistocene, West Pacific},
	isbn = {1000-2383, 1000-2383},
	author = {Jingtao, Zhao and Li, Tiegang and Chang, Fengming and Li, Jun}
}
@article {1875,
	title = {PALEOPRODUCTIVITY VARIATION AND ITS CORRELATION WITH CLIMATE CHANGES:AN APPROACH OF LONG-CHAIN ALKENONE},
	journal = {Quaternary Sciences},
	volume = {28},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 1968},
	month = {2008},
	pages = {482-490},
	abstract = {The accurate reconstruction of paleoproductivity is critical for understanding the carbon cycle in the past and for predicting the fate of anthropogenic carbon in the future.Biomarkers in marine sediments are useful tools for paleoenvirionment study and have been used as proxies for total and specific phytoplankton group paleoproductivity.Based on 17 AMS14C age controlling points,we report here molecular abundance data for alkenone and organic carbon isotopic data for bulk samples from a giant piston core MD05-2908(24{\textdegree}48.04{\textquoteright}N,122{\textdegree}29.35{\textquoteright}E).The aim is to evaluate the paleoproductivity and interpret the climatic-induced controlling factors for the past 7000aB.P.The results showed that the paleoproductivity in the South Okinawa Trough(SOT)fluctuated frequently in the past 7000aB.P.By correlating with the Titanium records from Huguang Marr and Cariaco Basin,we found out that the paleoproductivity was largely controlled by the latitude migration of ITCZ.The rapid southward shift of the ITCZ might have caused longer staying of the rainfall front in the source supply area,thus,led to intensified erosion,brought increased terrigenous material into the ECS and SOT by fluvial the terrigenous materil delivers to the SOT.Terrigenous input on the one hand might have fertilized the sea surface of SOT and stimulated the production,but on the other hand might have diluted the signal of marine derived input to the sediments.The lower production periods in the SOT correlated well with those ice-drift episodes recorded in the high latitude Atlantic Ocean,suggesting the strong relationships between high and low latitude climate.},
	keywords = {Alkenone, ITCZ, paleoproductivity, SOT, the last 7000aB.P.},
	isbn = {1001-7410},
	author = {Nan, Q. and Li, T. and Chen, Jinxia and Yu, X. and Li, Q.}
}
@article {436,
	title = {Relative sea-level change, Kjove Land, Scoresby Sund, East Greenland: implications for seasonality in Younger Dryas time},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {27},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 824; 389XX Times Cited:3 Cited References Count:43Y},
	pages = {2283-2291},
	abstract = {The age of the Milne Land Stade (MLS) moraines in the Scoresby Sund region of East Greenland is key for testing the hypothesis that strong seasonality marked abrupt cooling events, such as the Younger Dryas, registered in Greenland ice cores. The relevant chronology is based on 69 radiocarbon dates of shells from raised beaches and deltas related to marine inundation and isostatic rebound that accompanied glacier retreat from the moraines. Taken together, these dates form the basis for a relative sea-level curve that shows very high rates of emergence typical of recently deglaciated regions. Upward extrapolation of this curve suggests that the marine limit (134 m a.s.l.) dates to about 12,400 cal yr B.R The shorelines that mark the marine limit lie within areas that were ice-covered when the glaciers were at the outer limit of the MLS advance; hence, the moraines that form the outer limit must antedate 12,400 cal yr B.R and probably are from earliest Younger Dryas or Allerod time. At Holger Danskes Briller, an inner moraine grades to a massive ice-contact delta, now at 101 m a.s.l., which is dated to 11,000-11,300 cal yr B.P. The age of the outer MLS moraines, along with constraints on the maximum possible Younger Dryas ice extent and snowline lowering are consistent with the idea that East Greenland climate experienced strong seasonality during Younger Dryas time. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.08.001},
	author = {Hall, B. and Baroni, C. and Denton, G. and Kelly, M. A. and Lowell, T.}
}
@article {475,
	title = {Reply to Comment on "The timing and evolution of the post-glacial transgression across the Sea of Marmara shelf south of Istanbul" by Hiscott et al., Marine Geology 248, 228-236},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {254},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 784; 377ZE Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:33Y},
	pages = {230-236},
	abstract = {In their comment Hiscott and co-authors adhere rigidly to ages and sources for sedimentary units in the subsurface of the Marmara shelf that they have previously reported in their publications from 2002 through 2007. This adherence is in spite of a superior age-depth model from our 13 m-long sediment core that penetrated deeply into the deposits under consideration and in disregard to the results of subsequent more-detailed and full-coverage mapping of the region under scrutiny. The age revisions are dismissed by the authors of the comment as representing sediments severely disturbed during coring. We rebut this criticism. The Bosporus source attributed by them to the sedimentary units sampled and dated by us appears to be driven by their conception that the Black Sea had a persistent outflow prior to its two-way connection with Marmara. Irrespective of whether the outflow was persistent, our reply shows that the drawing of the isopachs of the sedimentary units by Hiscott and coauthors was accomplished in a fashion to promote the Bosporus source hypothesis regardless of the geographic limits of their survey. The ages assigned to the units are equally indeterminate because the cores used by them have missing core tops of unknown lengths that are not discussed in their publications. Furthermore, the sub-bottom reflectors at the sites where the reflectors were calibrated to their only core without a missing top are actually hidden by the finite width of the bottom reflecting wavelet. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2008.04.005},
	author = {Eris, K. K. and Ryan, W. B. F. and Cagatay, M. N. and Lericolais, G. and Sancar, U. and Menot, G. and Bard, E.}
}
@article {510,
	title = {Source and composition of organic matter in the Bari canyon (Italy): Dense water cascading versus particulate export from the upper ocean},
	journal = {Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers},
	volume = {55},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 828; 330FL Times Cited:4 Cited References Count:87Y},
	pages = {813-831},
	abstract = {Recent studies in the southern Adriatic Sea have shown that dense water cascading is an effective off-shelf transport mechanism. In order to evaluate the relative importance of different processes affecting the down-slope transfer of organic matter (OM), a multi-proxy biogeochemical study was carried out in the southern Adriatic. Three sediment traps were deployed on the southern slope in March 2004 for 1 year at 35 m above the seabed. Surficial sediments were collected on the shelf and slope along a shore-normal transect. Suspended material in the water column at different water depths was collected along nine shore-normal transects. Organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), carbon isotopic composition (delta C-13 and Delta C-14) and CuO reaction products were used to identify the OM sources and to asses the relative importance of vertical and lateral particulate fluxes. Both sinking particulates from the euphotic zone and advected material from the seafloor were collected by the moored instrumentations. During low-mass fluxes, the trapped material exhibited the highest Delta C-14 values (from -162.0 parts per thousand to +42.3 parts per thousand) and OC contents (from 1.13\% to 2.17\%) while the lignin displayed the lowest content (from 0.160 to 0.285 mg 100 mg(-1) OC). However, during dense water cascading events, the down-slope particulate flux showed different compositional features. In this period the trapped material displayed the most depleted Delta C-14 values (from -275.3 parts per thousand to -171.3 parts per thousand.), the lowest OC content (from 0.87\% to 1.31\%), and the highest lignin content (from 0.230 to 379 mg 100 mg(-1) OC). Holocene sea-level rise has drastically reduced sediment availability to the Bari canyon, and this in turn has affected the OC composition of the material funneled toward the deep Adriatic Sea. Parameters based on lignin CuO products suggest that the terrestrial material exported down the slope is very different from riverine inputs and inner shelf sediments. This indicates that neither river floods nor sediment resuspension from the inner shelf contributes directly to the down-slope flux. Rather, the material collected in the sediment traps exhibits an OM composition comparable to the surface sediments collected in the southern outer shelf. This correspondence suggests that resuspension of sediments by bottom currents in the southern outer shelf significantly contribute to down-slope OM transfer. Finally, the presence of lignin phenols in all cups indicates that lateral fluxes were constantly active on the slope throughout the deployment. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0967-0637},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dsr.2008.03.007},
	author = {Tesi, T. and Langone, L. and Go{\~n}i, M. A. and Turchetto, M. and Miserocchi, S. and Boldrin, A.}
}
@article {318,
	title = {Subtropical Atlantic salinity variability and Atlantic meridional circulation during the last deglaciation},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {36},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 862; ISI Document Delivery No.: 381WN Times Cited: 5 Cited Reference Count: 32 Cited References: *CLIMAP PROJ MEMB, 1981, GEOL SOC AM MAP CHAR ANAND P, 2003, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V18, ARTN 1050 BENWAY HM, 2006, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V21, ARTN PA3008 BEVINGTON P, 2002, DATA REDUCTION ERROR BOYLE EA, 1987, NATURE, V330, P35 BROECKER WS, 1990, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V5, P469 CARLSON AE, 2007, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V104, P6556, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0611313104 CLARK PU, 2004, SCIENCE, V304, P1141 GRIMM EC, 2006, QUATERNARY SCI REV, V25, P2197, DOI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2006.04.008 GROOTES PM, 1993, NATURE, V366, P552 KASPI Y, 2004, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V19, ARTN PA3004 KNORR G, 2003, NATURE, V424, P532, DOI 10.1038/nature01855 LEA DW, 2003, SCIENCE, V301, P1361 LEDUC G, 2007, NATURE, V445, P908, DOI 10.1038/nature05578 LEGRANDE AN, 2006, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V33, ARTN L12604 LEGRANDE AN, 2008, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V23, DOI 10.1029/2008PA001610 MCMANUS JF, 2004, NATURE, V428, P834, DOI 10.1038/nature02494 OPPO DW, 2007, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V34, ARTN L13701 PEETERS FJC, 2004, NATURE, V430, P661, DOI 10.1038/nature02785 PETERSON LC, 2000, SCIENCE, V290, P1947 ROBINSON LF, 2005, SCIENCE, V310, P1469, DOI 10.1126/science.1114832 RUHLEMANN C, 1999, NATURE, V402, P511 SCHMIDT GA, 2007, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V112, ARTN D10103 SCHMIDT MW, 2004, NATURE, V428, P160, DOI 10.1038/nature02346 SCHMIDT MW, 2006, NATURE, V443, P561, DOI 10.1038/nature05121 SCHMITZ WJ, 1995, REV GEOPHYS, V33, P151 SKINNER LC, 2006, QUATERNARY SCI REV, V25, P3312, DOI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2006.07.005 STOUFFER RJ, 2006, J CLIMATE, V19, P1365 THOMAS AL, 2006, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V241, P493, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.11.031 WANG XF, 2004, NATURE, V432, P740, DOI 10.1038/nature03067 WEAVER AJ, 2003, SCIENCE, V299, P1709 WELDEAB S, 2006, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V241, P699, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.11.012 Carlson, Anders E. Oppo, Delia W. Came, Rosemarie E. LeGrande, Allegra N. Keigwin, Lloyd D. Curry, William B. Geological soc amer, inc Boulder; YY},
	pages = {991-994},
	abstract = {During the last deglaciation (ca. 21-10 ka), freshening of the North Atlantic surface likely caused reductions in Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC); the mechanisms related to AMOC recovery remain poorly understood. Here we present three new deglacial surface temperature and delta O-18(seawater) (delta O-18(sw)) reconstructions from the western subtropical North and South Atlantic. Similarities to tropical Caribbean and western Atlantic delta O-18(sw) records suggest that a salty surface water mass accumulated in the western Atlantic from 27 degrees S to 33 degrees N during periods of reduced AMOC. However, delta O-18(sw) decreases led deep AMOC resumption by hundreds of years. We suggest that the northward export of salt previously trapped in the western Atlantic resulted in the early establishment of a shallow overturning circulation that eventually culminated in deep AMOC resumption, implying that AMOC may constitute a self-limiting system.},
	issn = {0091-7613},
	doi = {10.1130/g25080a.1},
	author = {Carlson, A. E. and Oppo, D. W. and Came, R. E. and LeGrande, A. N. and Keigwin, L. D. and Curry, W. B.}
}
@article {336,
	title = {Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during the Last Glacial Maximum},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {316},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 1897; ISI Document Delivery No.: 153XD Times Cited: 46 Cited Reference Count: 61 Cited References: ADKINS JF, 1997, NATURE, V390, P154 ADKINS JF, 1999, RECONSTRUCTING OCEAN, P103 ADKINS JF, 2003, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V216, P109, DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00502-8 BACON MP, 1982, J GEOPHYS RES, V87, P2045 BICKERT T, 2004, S ATLANTIC LATE QUAT, P671 BOYLE EA, 1982, SCIENCE, V218, P784 BROECKER W, 1988, RADIOCARBON, V30, P261 CHASE Z, 2002, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V204, P215 CLARK PU, 2002, NATURE, V415, P863 CONKRIGHT ME, 2002, WORLD OCEAN ATLAS 20 CURRY WB, 1982, QUATERNARY RES, V18, P218 CURRY WB, 2005, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V20, ARTN PA1017 DUPIESSY JC, 1980, NATURE, V286, P479 DUPLESSY JC, 1988, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V3, P343 DUPLESSY JC, 1989, RADIOCARBON, V31, P493 ELDERFIELD H, 2006, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V250, P633, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2006.07.041 EMILIANI C, 1955, J GEOL, V63, P538 GANACHAUD A, 2000, NATURE, V408, P453 GEBBIE G, 2006, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V7, ARTN Q11N07 GHERARDI JM, 2005, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V240, P710, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.09.061 HALL IR, 2006, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V33, ARTN L16616 HALL MM, 1982, DEEP-SEA RES, V29, P339 HEWITT CD, 2003, CLIM DYNAM, V20, P203, DOI 10.1007/s00382-002-0272-6 HIRSCHI JJM, 2006, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V7, ARTN Q10N04 HUYBERS P, 2007, J PHYS OCEANOGR, V37, P394, DOI 10.1175/JPO3018.1 KEIGWIN LD, 2004, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V19, ARTN PA4012 KISSEL C, 1999, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V171, P489 KITOH A, 2001, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V28, P2221 KUCERA M, 2005, QUATERNARY SCI REV, V24, P951, DOI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.07.014 KUMAR N, 1993, NATURE, V362, P45 LEGRAND P, 1995, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V10, P1011 LEGRANDE AN, 2006, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V103, P837 LYNCHSTIEGLITZ J, 1999, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V14, P360 LYNCHSTIEGLITZ J, 2001, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V2, DOI 10.1029/2001GC000208 LYNCHSTIEGLITZ J, 2003, TREATISE GEOCHEMISTR, V6, P433 LYNCHSTIEGLITZ J, 2006, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V7, ARTN Q10N03 MANABE S, 1988, J CLIMATOL, V1, P841 MANGINI A, 1998, NATURE, V392, P347 MARCHAL O, 2000, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V15, P625 MARCHITTO TM, 2000, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V15, P299 MARCHITTO TM, 2006, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V7, ARTN Q12003 MAROTZKE J, 1999, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V104, P29529 MATSUMOTO K, 1999, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V14, P149 MCCAVE IN, 2006, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V7, ARTN Q10N05 MCMANUS JF, 2004, NATURE, V428, P834, DOI 10.1038/nature02494 MIX AC, 2001, QUATERNARY SCI REV, V20, P627 OTTOBLIESNER BL, 2006, J CLIMATE, V19, P2526 PAUL A, 2003, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V18, ARTN 1058 PIOTROWSKI AM, 2005, SCIENCE, V307, P1933, DOI 10.1126/science.1104883 ROBINSON LF, 2005, SCIENCE, V310, P1469, DOI 10.1126/science.1114832 ROEMMICH D, 1985, DEEP-SEA RES, V32, P619 SARNTHEIN M, 1994, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V9, P209 SCHMITTNER A, 2005, GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY, V19, ARTN GB3004 SHACKLETON NJ, 1988, NATURE, V335, P708 SHIN SI, 2003, CLIM DYNAM, V20, P127, DOI 10.1007/s00382-002-0260-x STOMMEL H, 1961, TELLUS, V13, P224 STREETER SS, 1979, SCIENCE, V203, P168 VELLINGA M, 2002, CLIMATIC CHANGE, V54, P251 WUNSCH C, 2003, QUATERNARY SCI REV, V22, P371 YU EF, 1996, NATURE, V379, P689 ZHANG R, 2005, J CLIMATE, V18, P1853 Lynch-Stieglitz, Jean Adkins, Jess F. Curry, William B. Dokken, Trond Hall, Ian R. Herguera, Juan Carlos Hirschi, Joel J. -M. Ivanova, Elena V. Kissel, Catherine Marchal, Olivier Marchitto, Thomas M. McCave, I. Nicholas McManus, Jerry F. Mulitza, Stefan Ninnemann, Ulysses Peeters, Frank Yu, Ein-Fen Zahn, Rainer Amer assoc advancement science Washington; YY},
	pages = {66-69},
	abstract = {The circulation of the deep Atlantic Ocean during the height of the last ice age appears to have been quite different from today. We review observations implying that Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during the Last Glacial Maximum was neither extremely sluggish nor an enhanced version of present-day circulation. The distribution of the decay products of uranium in sediments is consistent with a residence time for deep waters in the Atlantic only slightly greater than today. However, evidence from multiple water-mass tracers supports a different distribution of deep-water properties, including density, which is dynamically linked to circulation.},
	issn = {0036-8075},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1137127},
	author = {Lynch-Stieglitz, J. and Adkins, J. F. and Curry, W. B. and Dokken, T. and Hall, I. R. and Herguera, J. C. and Hirschi, J. J. M. and Ivanova, E. V. and Kissel, C. and Marchal, O. and Marchitto, T. M. and McCave, I. N. and McManus, J. F. and Mulitza, S. and Ninnemann, U. and Peeters, F. and Yu, E. F. and Zahn, R.}
}
@article {499,
	title = {Century-to-millennial scale climatic variability in Lake Malawi revealed by isotope records},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {261},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 2222; Source type: scholarlyjournals; Object type: Article; Object type: Feature; CSAUnique: OB-MD-0006626237; AccNum: 7631572; DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2007.06.010; ISSN: 0012-821X; Peer Reviewed: true},
	pages = {93-103},
	abstract = {Diatom-based oxygen isotope data ( delta super(1) super(8)O sub(d) sub(i) sub(a) sub(t) sub(o) sub(m)) from Lake Malawi show multi-centennial scale wet-dry intervals spaced approximately every 2.3 ka throughout a 25 ka sequence. The delta super(1) super(8)O sub(d) sub(i) sub(a) sub(t) sub(o) sub(m) record is supported by a lower resolution deuterium ( delta D sub(p) sub(a))isotope curve derived from palmitic acid. We interpret these isotope data in terms of major shifts in precipitation and evaporation moderated by seasonal controls on the host organisms. Dry periods marked by relatively positive isotope values, represent the extension of abrupt Holocene events noted from northern and equatorial Africa to 10-15 super(o)S. These events in Lake Malawi correspond to cool episodes in Greenland, thereby demonstrating teleconnections generated by meridional temperature gradients. Sea surface temperatures are likely to be the primary transmitter of deglacial climate changes, although trade wind strength and direction is critical in controlling precipitation patterns in tropical regions. Conversely, the global hydrological cycle, driven by low latitude regions represents an important positive feedback amplifying deglacial processes.},
	issn = {0012-821X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2007.06.010},
	author = {Barker, P. A. and Leng, M. J. and Gasse, F. and Huang, Y.}
}
@article {401,
	title = {Contributions of toluene and alpha-pinene to SOA formed in an irradiated toluene/alpha-pinene/NOx/air mixture: Comparison of results using C-14 content and SOA organic tracer methods},
	journal = {Environmental Science \& Technology},
	volume = {41},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 1882; 172ZM Times Cited:13 Cited References Count:19Y},
	pages = {3972-3976},
	abstract = {An organic tracer method, recently proposed for estimating individual contributions of toluene and alpha-pinene to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation, was evaluated by conducting a laboratory study where a binary hydrocarbon mixture, containing the anthropogenic aromatic hydrocarbon, toluene, and the biogenic monoterpene, alpha-pinene, was irradiated in air in the presence of NOx to form SOA. The contributions of toluene and alpha-pinene to the total SOA concentration, calculated using the organic tracer method, were compared with those obtained with a more direct C-14 content method. In the study, SOA to SOC ratios of 2.07 +/- 0.08 and 1.41 +/- 0.04 were measured for toluene and alpha-pinene SOA, respectively. The individual tracer-based SOA contributions of 156 mu g m(-3) for toluene and 198 mu g m(-3) for alpha-pinene, which together accounted for 82\% of the gravimetrically determined total SOA concentration, compared well with the C-14 values of 182 and 230 mu g m(-3) measured for the respective SOA precursors. While there are uncertainties associated with the organic tracer method, largely due to the chemical complexity of SOA forming chemical mechanisms, the results of this study suggest the organic tracer method may serve as a useful tool for determining whether a precursor hydrocarbon is a major SOA contributor.},
	issn = {0013-936X},
	doi = {10.1021/Es070089+},
	author = {Offenberg, J. H. and Lewis, C. W. and Lewandowski, M. and Jaoui, M. and Kleindienst, T. E. and Edney, E. O.}
}
@article {1889,
	title = {Distribution and sub-bottom features of Holocene oyster deposits in the York River, Virginia and the rate of degradations of oyster shell},
	journal = {Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 587},
	month = {2007},
	pages = {95},
	author = {Stackhouse, B. L. and Lockwood, R.}
}
@conference {1624,
	title = {The Environmental Anomalies in the Northeastern East China Sea during the Last 3000 Years: Implications for El Nino Activity in the Holocene},
	booktitle = {9th International Conference on Paleoceanography (ICP 9)},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 1935; TY: CPAPER; NO: Source type: conferencepapers\&proceedings; Object type: Conference Paper; CSAUnique: CPI-4728602; AccNum: 4728602(China)
},
	month = {2007},
	keywords = {Donghai Sea, Holocene, Multidisciplinary, Paleo studies, Paleoenvironments, U 7000},
	author = {Chang, F. and Zhuang, L. and Li, T. and Yan, J. and Li, Q.},
	editor = {Shanghai International Convention Center, Shanghai}
}
@article {584,
	title = {Flux and fate of Yangtze river sediment delivered to the East China Sea},
	journal = {Geomorphology},
	volume = {85},
	year = {2007},
	note = {244vyTimes Cited:286Cited References Count:84},
	month = {Mar 30},
	pages = {208-224},
	abstract = {Numerous cores and dating show the Yangtze River has accumulated about 1.16 x 10(12) t sediment in its delta plain and proximal subaqueous delta during Holocene. High-resolution seismic profiling and coring in the southern East China Sea during 2003 and 2004 cruises has revealed an elongated (similar to 800 km) distal subaqueous mud wedge extending from the Yangtze River mouth southward off the Zhejiang and Fujian coasts into the Taiwan Strait. Overlying what appears to be a transgressive sand layer, this distal clinoform thins offshore, from similar to 40 in thickness between the 20 and 30 m water depth to < 1-2 in between 60 and 90 m water depth, corresponding to an across shelf distance of less than 100 km. Total volume of this distal mud wedge is about 4.5 x 10(11) m(3), equivalent to similar to 5.4 x 10(11) t of sediment. Most of the sediment in this mud wedge comes from the Yangtze River, with some input presumably coming from local smaller rivers. Thus, the total Yangtze-derived sediments accumulated in its deltaic system and East China Sea inner shelf have amounted to about 1.7 x 10(12) t. Preliminary analyses suggest this longshore and across-shelf transported clinoform mainly formed in the past 7000 yrs after postglacial sea level reached its mid-Holocene highstand, and after re-intensification of the Chinese longshore current system. Sedimentation accumulation apparently increased around 2000 yrs BP, reflecting the evolution of the Yangtze estuary and increased land erosion due to human activities, such as fanning and deforestation. The southward-flowing China Coastal Current, the northward-flowing Taiwan Warm Current, and the Kuroshio Current appear to have played critical roles in transporting and trapping most of Yangtze-derived materials in the inner shelf, and hence preventing the sediment escape into the deep ocean. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0169-555x},
	doi = {10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.03.023},
	author = {Liu, J. P. and Xu, K. H. and Li, A. C. and Milliman, J. D. and Velozzi, D. M. and Xiao, S. B. and Yang, Z. S.}
}
@article {1481,
	title = {Holocene fire and occupation in Amazonia: Records from two lake districts},
	volume = {Ser. B.},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 454},
	month = {2007},
	author = {Bush, M. B. and Silman, M. R. and de Toledo, M. B. and Listopad, C. R. S. and Gosling, W. D. and Williams, C. and De Oliveira, P. E. and Krisel, C.}
}
@article {662,
	title = {Holocene sea-level oscillations and environmental changes on the Eastern Black Sea shelf},
	journal = {Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology},
	volume = {246},
	year = {2007},
	note = {156gzTimes Cited:22Cited References Count:51},
	month = {Apr 6},
	pages = {228-259},
	abstract = {A multi-proxy study of four sediment cores from the Eastern (Caucasian) Black Sea shelf revealed five transgressive-regressive cycles overprinted on the general trend of glacioeustatic sea-level rise during the last 11,000 C-14 yr. These cycles are well represented in micro-and macrofossil assemblages, sedimentation rates, and gain size variations. The oldest recovered sediments were deposited in the Neoeuxinian semi-freshwater basin (similar to 10,500-9000 C-14 yr BP) and contain a Caspian-type mollusk fauna dominated by Dreissena rostriformis. Low delta O-18 and delta C-13 values are measured on this species. The first appearance of marine mollusks and ostracodes from the Mediterranean is established in this part of the Black Sea at similar to 8200 C-14 yr BP, i.e., about 1000-2000 yr later than the appearance of marine microfossils in the deeper part of the sea. The Early Holocene (Bugazian to Vityazevian) condensed section of shell and shelly mud sediments with at least two hiatuses represent a high-energy shelf-edge facies. It contains a transitional assemblage representing a mixture of Caspian and Mediterranean fauna. This pattern suggests a dual-flow regime via the Bosphorus after 8200 C-14 yr BR Caspian species disappear and oligolialine species decrease in abundance during the Vityazevian-Prekalamitian cycle. Later, during the Middle to Late Holocene, low sea-level stands are characterized by shell layers, whereas silty mud with various mollusk and ostracode assemblages rapidly accumulated during transgressions. Restricted mud accumulation, as well as benthic faunal composition and abundance, suggest high-energy and well-ventilated bottom water during low sea-level stands. A trend of O-18 enrichment in mollusk shells points to an increase in bottom-water salinity during the Vityazevian to Kalamitian transgressions (similar to 7000 to 5700 C-14 yr BP) due to a more open connection with the Mediterranean, while a pronounced increase in polyhaline species abundance is established during the Kalamitian to Djemetean transgressions (similar to 6400 to 2700 C-14 yr BP). However, the composition of the faunal assemblage indicates that bottom-water salinity never exceeded modem values of 18-20 psu. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.09.014},
	author = {Ivanova, E. V. and Murdmaa, I. O. and Chepalyga, A. L. and Cronin, T. M. and Pasechnik, I. V. and Levchenko, O. V. and Howe, S. S. and Manushkina, A. V. and Platonova, E. A.}
}
@article {476,
	title = {Last millennia sedimentary record on a micro-tidal, low-accumulation prodelta (Tet NW Mediterranean)},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {243},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 1904; 210TU Times Cited:8 Cited References Count:68Y},
	pages = {77-96},
	abstract = {Statistical sequential analysis was performed on a series of sediment cores collected from the Tet prodelta in the Gulf of Lions, northwestern Mediterranean Sea, between October 2003 and October 2004. Seabed changes during that period were correlated to hydrodynamic conditions (waves and currents) and river discharge. Low sediment supply prevents full preservation of new sediment strata on this low-accumulation prodelta located on a microtidal, storm-dorninated inner shelf. Severe meteorological events caused a rapid succession of erosion and deposition phases. For example, the December 2003 flood and storm produced a flood layer deposit that persisted for 2 months with only slight transformations due to early diagenesis and/or bioturbation, until a new, storm event eroded this layer. A typical sedimentary sequence was observed for the secular deposits composed of a 10-cm-thick sandy layer overlaying siltyclayey layers. These characteristic features were used to analyse the last millennia sedimentary record of the Tet prodelta. The low preservation of freshly deposited sediments and variable sedimentation rates during the last millennia period yield a sedimentary sequence formed by the outcropping of muddy prodeltaic units intersected by heterogeneous siltysandy units similar to those formed under present day hydrodynamic conditions. No flood layer was found related to catastrophic flooding of the last century in the sedimentary record. The Little lee Age (similar to 1550-1850 AD) probably favoured the formation of a well-developed muddy prodelta in the mouth of the Tet River. Later on, the decrease of sediment supply by rivers due to climate change and/or human activities (damming, irrigation), and the increase of the number of high-energy storms reaching the coast, induced a coarsening of the top sediment layer on this prodelta. This modem change of the substrate is also observed in the composition of benthic biota found in the substrate. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/J.Margeo.2007.04.009},
	author = {Bourrin, F. and Monaco, A. and Aloisi, J. C. and Sanchez-Cabeza, J. A. and Lofi, J. and Heussner, S. and de Madron, X. D. and Jeanty, G. and Buscail, R. and Saragoni, G.}
}
@article {648,
	title = {Late Quaternary environmental and human events at En Gedi, reflected by the geology and archaeology of the Moringa Cave (Dead Sea area, Israel)},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {68},
	year = {2007},
	note = {207wkTimes Cited:3Cited References Count:55},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {203-212},
	abstract = {The Moringa Cave within Pleistocene sediments in the En Gedi area of the Dead Sea Fault Escarpment contains a sequence of various Pleistocene lacustrine deposits associated with higher-than-today lake levels at the Dead Sea basin. In addition it contains Chalcolithic remains and 5th century BC burials attributed to the Persian period, cemented and covered by Late Holocene travertine flowstone. These deposits represent a chain of Late Pleistocene and Holocene interconnected environmental and human events, echoing broader scale regional and global climate events. A major shift between depositional environments is associated with the rapid fall of Lake Lisan level during the latest Pleistocene. This exposed the sediments, providing for cave formation processes sometime between the latest Pleistocene (ca. 15 ka) and the Middle Holocene (ca. 4500 BC), eventually leading to human use of the cave. The Chalcolithic use of the cave can be related to a relatively moist desert environment, probably related to a shift in the location of the northern boundary of the Saharo-Arabian desert belt. The travertine layer was U-Th dated 2.46 +/- 0.10 to 2.10 +/- 0.04 ka, in agreement with the archaeological finds from the Persian period. Together with the inner consistency of the dating results, this strongly supports the reliability of the radiometric ages. The 2.46-2.10 ka travertine deposition within the presently dry cave suggests a higher recharge of the Judean Desert aquifer, correlative to a rising Dead Sea towards the end of the 1 st millennium BC. This suggests a relatively moist local and regional climate facilitating human habitation of the desert. (c) 2007 University of Washington. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2007.03.010},
	author = {Lisker, S. and Porat, R. and Davidovich, U. and Eshel, H. and Lauritzen, S. E. and Frumkin, A.}
}
@article {292,
	title = {Late quaternary paleoseismology of the southern Steens fault zone, northern Nevada},
	journal = {Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America},
	volume = {97},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 2022; PT: J; UT: WOS:000249930900021},
	pages = {1662-1678},
	abstract = {The 192-km-long Steens fault zone is the most prominent normal fault system in the northern Basin and Range province of western North America. We use trench mapping and radiometric dating to estimate displacements and timing of the last three surface-rupturing earthquakes (E1-E3) on the southern part of the fault south of Denio, Nevada. Coseismic displacements range from 1.1 to 2.2 +/- 0.5 m, and radiometric ages indicate earthquake times of 11.5 +/- 2.0 ka (E3), 6.1 +/- 0.5 ka (E2), and 4.6 +/- 1.0 ka (E1). These data yield recurrence intervals of 5.4 +/- 2.1 k.y. between E3 and E2, 1.5 +/- 1.1 k.y. between E2 and E1, and an elapsed time of 4.6 +/- 1.0 k.y. since El. The recurrence data yield variable interval slip rates (between 0.2 +/- 0.22 and 1.5 +/- 2.3 mm/yr), but slip rates averaged over the past similar to 18 k.y. (0.24 +/- 0.06 mm/year) are similar to long-term (8.5-12.5 Ma) slip rates (0.2 +/- 0.1 mm/yr) measured a few kilometers to the north. We infer from the lack of significant topographic relief across the fault in Bog Hot Valley that the fault zone is propagating southward and may now be connected with a fault at the northwestern end of the Pine Forest Range. Displacements documented in the trench and a rupture length of 37 km indicate a history of three latest Quaternary earthquakes with magnitudes of M 6.6-7.1 on the southern part of the Steens fault zone.},
	issn = {0037-1106},
	doi = {10.1785/0120060202},
	author = {Personius, Stephen F. and Crone, Anthony J. and Machette, Michael N. and Mahan, Shannon A. and Kyung, Jai Bok and Cisneros, Hector and Lidke, David J.}
}
@article {422,
	title = {A late-glacial transition from Picea glauca to Picea mariana in southern New England},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {67},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 1841; 160RU Times Cited:5 Cited References Count:61Y},
	pages = {502-508},
	abstract = {Picea is an important taxon in late-glacial pollen records from eastern North America, but little is known about which species of Picea were present. We apply a recently developed palynological method for discriminating the three Picea species in eastern North America to three records from New England. Picea glauca was dominant at similar to 14,500-14,000 cal yr BP, followed by a transition to Picea mariana between similar to 14,000 and 13,500 cal yr BP. Comparison of the pollen data with hydrogen isotope data shows clearly that this transition began before the beginning of the Younger Dryas Chronozone. The ecological changes of the late-glacial interval were not a simple oscillation in the position of a single species{\textquoteright} range, but rather major changes in vegetation structure and composition occurring during an interval of variations in several environmental factors, including climate, edaphic conditions, and atmospheric CO2 levels. (c) 2007 University of Washington. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2007.01.010},
	author = {Lindbladh, M. and Oswald, W. W. and Foster, D. R. and Faison, E. K. and Hou, J. Z. and Huang, Y. S.}
}
@article {2443,
	title = {Linking lithology and land use to sources of dissolved and particulate organic matter in headwaters of a temperate, passive-margin river system},
	journal = {Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {71},
	year = {2007},
	note = {30},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {4233-4250},
	abstract = {A number of rivers have been found to transport highly aged organic matter [OM]; however, the sources of this aged material remain a matter of debate. One potential source may be erosion and weathering of headwater lithologies rich in ancient sedimentary OM. In this study, waters, suspended particulates, streambed sediments, rocks and soils from fourteen small headwater watersheds of a mid-size, temperate, passive margin river were sampled and characterized by Delta C-14, delta C-13, and POC/TPN ratios to identify sources of particulate and dissolved OM delivered to the river mainstem. These headwater sites encompass a range in lithology (OM-rich shales, OM-lean carbonate/mudstone facies, and OM-free crystalline rocks) and land use types (forested and agricultural), and allow investigation of the influence of agriculture and bedrock types on stream OM characteristics. Streams draining large areas of both agricultural land use and OM-rich lithology contain particulate OM [POM] that is more C-14-depleted than streams draining forested, shale-free watersheds. However, this is not sufficient to account for the significantly lower Delta C-14-POC measured in the river mainstern. Dissolved OM [DOM] Delta C-14 are in all cases enriched compared to POM from the same stream, but are otherwise highly variable and unrelated to either land use or lithology. POC/TPN ratios were likewise highly variable. POC and DOC delta C-13 signatures were similar across all watersheds. Based on isotope mass balance, C-14-free fossil OM sources contribute 0-12\% of total stream POM. Although these results do not unequivocally separate the influences of land use and lithology, watershed coverage by shale and agriculture are both important controls on stream A Delta C-14-POC. Thus export of aged, particle-associated OM may be a feature of river systems along both passive and active continental margins. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {ATCHAFALAYA RIVER, ATMOSPHERIC O-2, BLACK SHALE, continental-shelf, GULF-OF-MEXICO, marine-sediments, MINERAL, SPACE-TIME CLIMATE, STABLE-ISOTOPES, surface sediments, SURFACES},
	isbn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2007.06.056},
	author = {Longworth, B. E. and Petsch, S. T. and Raymond, P. A. and Bauer, J. E.}
}
@article {693,
	title = {Marine radiocarbon evidence for the mechanism of deglacial atmospheric CO2 rise},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {316},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Marchitto, Thomas MLehman, Scott JOrtiz, Joseph DFluckiger, Jacquelinevan Geen, AlexanderengResearch Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Non-P.H.S.2007/05/15 09:00Science. 2007 Jun 8;316(5830):1456-9. Epub 2007 May 10.},
	month = {Jun 08},
	pages = {1456-9},
	abstract = {We reconstructed the radiocarbon activity of intermediate waters in the eastern North Pacific over the past 38,000 years. Radiocarbon activity paralleled that of the atmosphere, except during deglaciation, when intermediate-water values fell by more than 300 per mil. Such a large decrease requires a deglacial injection of very old waters from a deep-ocean carbon reservoir that was previously well isolated from the atmosphere. The timing of intermediate-water radiocarbon depletion closely matches that of atmospheric carbon dioxide rise and effectively traces the redistribution of carbon from the deep ocean to the atmosphere during deglaciation.},
	issn = {0036-8075 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1138679},
	author = {Marchitto, T. M. and Lehman, S. J. and Ortiz, J. D. and Fluckiger, J. and van Geen, A.}
}
@inbook {1390,
	title = {North Atlantic intermediate depth variability during the Younger Dryas; evidence from benthic foraminiferal Mg/Ca and the GFDL R30 coupled climate model},
	booktitle = {Geophysical Monograph, vol. 173},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 857; American Geophysical Union 2005 fall meeting, San Francisco, CA, United States, Dec 5-9, 2005 NSF grants OCE-0096495, ATM-0502428, OCE-0096472, OCE-0220776 and ATM-0501351 References: 72; illus.; Y},
	month = {2007},
	pages = {247-263},
	publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
	organization = {American Geophysical Union},
	address = {Washington},
	keywords = {24, Quaternary geology, Atlantic Ocean, benthic environment, Cenozoic, chemical ratios, Foraminifera, Glaciation, Gulf of Mexico, ice cores, Invertebrata, isotope ratios, isotopes, Little Bahama Bank, Mg/Ca, microfossils, North Atlantic, O-18/O-16, oxygen, paleo-oceanography, paleobathymetry, paleosalinity, paleotemperature, Pleistocene, Protista, Quaternary, Stable isotopes, Straits of Florida, upper, upper Weichselian, Weichselian, Younger Dryas},
	isbn = {9780875904382},
	author = {Came, Rosemarie E. and Curry, William B. and Oppo, Delia W. and Broccoli, Anthony J. and Stouffer, Ronald J. and Lynch-Stieglitz, Jean},
	editor = {Schmittner, Andreas}
}
@inbook {1463,
	title = {Oceanic dispersal and accumulation of river sediment},
	booktitle = {Continental-Margin Sedimentation: from Sediment Transport to Sequence Stratigraphy},
	volume = {IAS Special Publication},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 1119},
	month = {2007},
	pages = {608},
	publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd.},
	organization = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd.},
	address = {Oxford},
	author = {Sommerfield, C. K. and Agston, A. S. and Mullenbach, B. L. and Drake, D. E. and Alexander, C. R. and Nittrouer, C. A. and Borgeld, J. C. and Wheatcroft, R. A. and Leithold, E. L.},
	editor = {Nittrouer, C. A.}
}
@article {505,
	title = {Organic matter origin and distribution in suspended particulate materials and surficial sediments from the western Adriatic Sea (Italy)},
	journal = {Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science},
	volume = {73},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 1869; 179HX Times Cited:12 Cited References Count:61Y},
	pages = {431-446},
	abstract = {In this study, organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), stable carbon isotopic (delta C-13(OC)) and CuO reaction product compositions were used to identify the sources of organic matter (OM) and to quantify the relative importance of allochthonous and autochthonous contributions to the western Adriatic Sea, Italy. Suspended particulate material (195 samples) and surficial sediments (0- 1 cm, 70 samples) from shallow cross-shelf transects were collected in February and May 2003, respectively. Vertical water column profiles were acquired along the same transects. Data include depth, potential temperature, salinity, density and chlorophyll fluorimetry. Along the western Adriatic shelf in the near-shore region, the phytoplankton growth was influenced by dynamics of the buoyant plumes from the Po and Appennine rivers. A small amount of very fine terrigenous material remained suspended within the coastal current and was exported southward along the shelf to the slope. High variability in the bulk composition was detected in the Po prodelta surficial sediments, whereas the western Adriatic shelf, although a larger area, exhibited a narrower range of values. A significant decoupling was observed between suspended particles in the water column and surficial deposits. The organic material collected in the water column was compositionally heterogeneous, with contributions from marine phytoplankton, riverine-estuarine phytoplankton and soil-derived OM. Frequent physical reworking of surficial sediments likely leads to the efficient oxidation of marine OC, resulting in the observed accumulation and preservation of refractory soil-derived OC delivered by the Po and Appennine rivers. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0272-7714},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ecss.2007.02.008},
	author = {Tesi, T. and Miserocchi, S. and Go{\~n}i, M. A. and Langone, L. and Boldrin, A. and Turchetto, M.}
}
@article {663,
	title = {Paleoenvironmental change in the middle Okinawa Trough since the last deglaciation: Evidence from the sedimentation rate and planktonic foraminiferal record},
	journal = {Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology},
	volume = {243},
	year = {2007},
	note = {134kzTimes Cited:48Cited References Count:62},
	month = {Jan 22},
	pages = {378-393},
	abstract = {Well-dated, high-resolution records of planktonic foraminifera and oxygen isotopes from two sediment cores, A7 and E017, in the middle Okinawa Trough reveal strong and rapid millennial-scale climate changes since similar to 18 to 17 thousand years before present (kyr B.P.). Sedimentation rate shows a sudden drop at similar to 11.2 cal. kyr B.P. due to a rapid rise of sea level after the Younger Dryas (YD) and consequently submergence of the large continental shelf on the East China Sea (ECS) and the retreat of the estuary providing sediment to the basin. During the last deglaciation, the relative abundance of warm and cold species of planktonic foraminifera fluctuates strongly, consistent with the timing of sea surface temperature (SST) variations determined from Mg/Ca measurements of planktonic foraminifera from one of the two cores. These fluctuations are coeval with climate variation recorded in the Greenland ice cores and North Atlantic sediments, namely Heinrich event 1 (H1), Bolling-Allerod (B/A) and YD events. At about 9.4 kyr B.P., a sudden change in the relative abundance of shallow to deep planktonic species probably indicates a sudden strengthening of the Kuroshio Current in the Okinawa Trough, which was synchronous with a rapid sea-level rise at 9.5-9.2 kyr B.P. in the ECS, Yellow Sea (YS) and South China Sea (SCS). The abundance of planktonic foraminiferal species, together with Mg/Ca based SST, exhibits millennial-scale oscillations during the Holocene, with 7 cold events (at about 1.7, 2.3-4.6, 6.2, 7.3, 8.2, 9.6, 10.6 cal. kyr BP) superimposed on a Holocene warming trend. This Holocene trend, together with centennial-scale SST variations superimposed on the last deglacial trend, suggests that both high and low latitude influences affected the climatology of the Okinawa Trough. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.08.016},
	author = {Xiang, R. and Sun, Y. B. and Li, T. G. and Oppo, D. W. and Chen, M. H. and Zheng, F.}
}
@article {649,
	title = {Paleoenvironmental proxy records from Lake Hovsgol, Mongolia, and a synthesis of Holocene climate change in the Lake Baikal watershed},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {68},
	year = {2007},
	note = {187enTimes Cited:71Cited References Count:58},
	month = {Jul},
	pages = {2-17},
	abstract = {Here we discuss palcoenvironmental evolution in the Baikal region during the Holocene using new records of aquatic (diatom) and terrestrial vegetation changes from Hovsgol, Mongolia{\textquoteright}s largest and deepest lake. We reconcile previous contradictory Baikal timescales by constraining reservoir corrections of AMS dates on bulk sedimentary organic carbon. Synthesis of the Holocene records in the Baikal watershed reveals a northward progression in landscape/vegetation changes and an anti-phase behavior of diatom and biogenic silica proxies in neighboring rift lakes. In Lake Baikal, these proxies appear to be responsive to annual temperature increases after 6 ka, whereas in Lake Hovsgol they respond to higher precipitation/runoff from 11 to 7 ka. Unlike around Lake Baikal, warmer summers between 6 and 3.5 ka resulted in the decline, not expansion, of forest vegetation around Lake Hovsgol, apparently as a result of higher soil temperatures and lower moisture availability. The regional climatic proxy data are consistent with a series of 500-yr time slice Holocene GCM simulations for continental Eurasia. Our results allow reevaluation of the concepts of {\textquoteright}the Holocene optimum{\textquoteright} and a {\textquoteright}maximum of the Asian summer monsoon{\textquoteright}, as applied to palcoclimate records from continental Asia. (c) 2007 University of Washington. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2007.03.008},
	author = {Prokopenko, A. A. and Khursevich, G. K. and Bezrukova, E. V. and Kuzmin, M. I. and Boes, X. and Williams, D. F. and Fedenya, S. A. and Kulagina, N. V. and Letunova, P. P. and Abzaeva, A. A.}
}
@article {1359,
	title = {Paleoseismology of the Nephi segment of the Wasatch fault zone, Juab County, Utah--Preliminary results from two large exploratory trenches at Willow Creek},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 1116; Investigations Map 2966, 2 oversize plates},
	month = {2007},
	publisher = {U. S. Geological Survey},
	author = {Machette, M. N. and Crone, A. J. and Personius, S. F. and Dart, R. L. and Lidke, D. J. and Mahan, S. A. and Olig, S. S.}
}
@article {607,
	title = {Preservation of black carbon in the shelf sediments of the East China Sea},
	journal = {Chinese Science Bulletin},
	volume = {52},
	year = {2007},
	note = {232knTimes Cited:13Cited References Count:28},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {3155-3161},
	abstract = {Concentrations and carbon isotopic (C-14, C-13) compositions of black carbon (BC) were measured for three sediment cores collected from the Changjiang River estuary and the shelf of the East China Sea. BC concentrations ranged from 0.02 to 0.14 mg/g (dry weight), and accounted for 5\% to 26\% of the sedimentary total organic carbon (TOC) pool. Among the three sediment cores collected at each site, sediment from the Changjiang River estuary had relatively high BC contents compared with the sediments from the East China Sea shelf, suggesting that the Changjiang River discharge played an important role in the delivery of BC to the coastal region. Radiocarbon measurements indicate that the ages of BC are in the range of 6910 to 12250 years old B. P. (before present), that is in general, 3700 to 9000 years older than the C-14 ages of TOC in the sediments. These variable radiocarbon ages suggest that the BC preserved in the sediments was derived from the products of both biomass fire and fossil fuel combustion, as well as from ancient rock weathering. Based on an isotopic mass balance model, we calculated that fossil fuel combustion contributed most (60\%. 80\%) of the BC preserved in these sediments and varied with depth and locations. The deposition and burial of this "slow-cycling" BC in the sediments of the East China Sea shelf represent a significant pool of carbon sink and could greatly influence carbon cycling in the region.},
	issn = {1001-6538},
	doi = {10.1007/s11434-007-0452-1},
	author = {Wang, X. C. and Li, A. C.}
}
@article {1896,
	title = {Radiocarbon dating of a very large African baobab},
	journal = {Tree Physiology},
	volume = {27},
	year = {2007},
	note = {230afTimes Cited:35
Cited References Count:43
},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {1569-1574},
	abstract = {In late 2004, Grootboom, probably the largest known African baobab (Adansonia digitata L.), collapsed unexpectedly in northeastern Namibia. Ten wood samples collected from different areas of the trunk were processed and investigated by accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dating. The radiocarbon dates of three samples were greater than 1000 years BP (radiocarbon years before present, i.e., before AD 1950). The corresponding calibrated calendar age of the oldest sample was 1275 +/- 50 years, making Grootboom the oldest known angiosperm tree with reliable dating results. Variations in radiocarbon dates among the wood samples indicated that, morphologically, Grootboom was a quintuple tree, whereas genetically, it was a single individual. Ages of extreme lateral samples revealed that, over the past 500-600 years, Grootbooom had almost ceased growing, providing information about climate changes in central southern Africa. The sudden demise of Grootboom coincided with the spread of the poorly studied baobab disease, which has become epidemic in Namibia.},
	keywords = {Adansonia digitata, Age, Age determination, amazonia, c-14 content, cal kyr bp, Calibration, dendrochronology, dendroclimatology, holocene logs, location-dependent differences, southern-hemisphere, tasmanian conifers, Trees, tropical trees},
	isbn = {0829-318x},
	author = {Patrut, A. and von Reden, K. F. and Pohlman, J. W. and Wittmann, R. and Mitchell, C. S. and Lowy, D. A. and Alberts, A. H. and Gerlach, D. and Xu, L.}
}
@article {1480,
	title = {A regional study of Holocene climate change and human occupation in Peruvian Amazonia},
	volume = {on-line article},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 453},
	month = {2007},
	author = {Bush, M. B. and Listopad, M. C. S. and Silman, M. R.}
}
@conference {1775,
	title = {Regional variability in the ages and reactivities of riverine dissolved and particulate organic matter exported to a temperate ocean margin},
	booktitle = {ASLO Aquatic Sciences Meeting},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 477},
	month = {2007},
	address = {Santa Fe, NM},
	author = {Bauer, J. E. and Raymond, P. A. and Cole, J. J. and Petsch, S. T. and Longworth, B. E. and Caraco, N. F. and Keesee, E. J.}
}
@article {608,
	title = {Response of vegetation and fire to Little Ice Age climate change: regional continuity and landscape heterogeneity},
	journal = {Landscape Ecology},
	volume = {22},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Suppl. 1239unTimes Cited:25Cited References Count:92},
	pages = {25-41},
	abstract = {Late-Holocene climatic conditions in the upper Great Lakes region have changed sufficiently to produce significant changes in vegetation and fire regimes. The objective of this study was to determine how the vegetation mosaic and fire regimes on an oak (Quercus spp.)- and pine (Pines spp.)-dominated sand plain in northwestern Wisconsin responded to climatic changes of the past 1,200 years. We used pollen and charcoal records from a network of sites to investigate the range of natural variability of vegetation on a 1,500-km(2) landscape on the southern part of the sand plain. A major vegetation shift from jack pine (Pines banksiana) and red pine (P. resinosa) to increased abundance of white pine (P. strobus) occurred between 700 and 600 calendar years before present (cal yr BP), apparently corresponding to more mesic conditions regionally. A decrease in charcoal accumulation rate also occurred at most sites but was not synchronous with the vegetation change. At some sites there were further changes in vegetation and fire regimes occurring similar to 500-300 cal yr BP, but these changes were not as strong or unidirectional as those that occurred 700-600 cal yr BP. Our results suggest that both the composition and the distribution of vegetation of the southern part of the sand plain have been sensitive to relatively small climatic changes, and that the vegetation at the time of European settlement was a transitory phenomenon, rather than a long-term stable condition.},
	issn = {0921-2973},
	doi = {10.1007/s10980-007-9133-3},
	author = {Hotchkiss, S. C. and Calcote, R. and Lynch, E. A.}
}
@article {391,
	title = {Sea level rise in Tampa Bay},
	journal = {Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union},
	volume = {88},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 1899; References: 14; illus. incl. geol. sketch map Latitude:N272700,N280200 Longitude:W0822200,W0825100Y},
	pages = {117-118},
	issn = {0096-3941},
	doi = {10.1029/2007eo100002},
	author = {Cronin, Thomas M. and Edgar, N. Terence and Brooks, Gregg and Hastings, David and Larson, Rebekka and Hine, Albert and Locker, Stanley and Suthard, Beau and Flower, Benjamin and Hollander, David and Wehmiller, John and Willard, Debra A. and Smith, Shannon}
}
@article {438,
	title = {Sea-level history of the Gulf of Mexico since the Last Glacial Maximum with implications for the melting history of the Laurentide Ice Sheet},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {26},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 2038; PT: J; UT: WOS:000248732200007},
	pages = {920-940},
	abstract = {Sea-level records from the Gulf of Mexico at the Last Glacial Maximum, 20 ka, are up to 35 m higher than time-equivalent sea-level records from equatorial regions. The most popular hypothesis for explaining this disparity has been uplift due to the forebulge created by loading from Mississippi River sediments. Using over 50 new radiocarbon dates as well as existing published data obtained from shallowmarine deposits within the northern Gulf of Mexico and numerical models simulating the impact of loading due to the Mississippi Fan and glacio-hydro-isostasy, we test several possible explanations for this sea-level disparity.. We find that neither a large radiocarbon reservoir, sedimentary loading due to the Mississippi Fan, nor large-scale regional uplift can explain this disparity. We do find that with an appropriate model for the Laurentide Ice Sheet, the observations from the Gulf of Mexico can be explained by the process of glaciohydro-isostasy. Our analysis suggests that in order to explain this disparity one must consider a Laurentide Ice Sheet reconstruction with less ice from 15 ka to its disappearance 6 ka and more ice from the Last Glacial Maximum to 15 ka than some earlier models have suggested. This supports a Laurentide contribution to meltwater pulse 1-A, which could not have come entirely from its southern sector. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.01.001},
	author = {Simms, Alexander R. and Lambeck, Kurt and Purcell, Anthony and Anderson, John B. and Rodriguez, Antonio B.}
}
@article {483,
	title = {Source, transport and fate of terrestrial organic carbon on the western Mediterranean Sea, Gulf of Lions, France},
	journal = {Marine Chemistry},
	volume = {105},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 825; 176SJ Times Cited:15 Cited References Count:70Y},
	pages = {101-117},
	abstract = {As part of the EuroSTRATAFORM project, a multi-proxy study was conducted in order to investigate origin, transport and deposition of riverine organic matter in the Gulf of Lions. Surface sediments (0-1 cm) from the Rhone prodelta area and along the sediment dispersal system were collected in September 2004 and in April 2005. Lignin, elemental and stable carbon isotopic analyses were carried out to characterize the source of sedimentary organic material and to facilitate evaluation of temporal and spatial variability. Large contrasts in the organic matter composition of prodelta sediments were observed as a result of the preferential transport of the finest material. In our hypothesis, woody debris, rich in organic matter, hydraulically behaves like very fine sand and is retained within the prodelta area. In contrast, the organic matter adsorbed onto finer particles is selectively transported away from the prodelta along the sediment dispersal system, explaining the distinct organic matter composition observed in the offshore regions. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0304-4203},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marchem.2007.01.005},
	author = {Tesi, T. and Miserocchi, S. and Go{\~n}i, M. A. and Langone, L.}
}
@article {934,
	title = {Surface currents in the western North Atlantic during the Last Glacial Maximum},
	journal = {Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2007},
	note = {131djTimes Cited:2Cited References Count:16},
	month = {Jan 19},
	abstract = {[1] During the last ice age, the density gradient across the Florida Current was reduced, implying a reduction in the flow of the Gulf Stream through the Florida Straits. Here we investigate the possibility that a significant portion of this wind-driven western boundary flow bypassed the Florida Straits during glacial times due to either changes in bathymetry induced by the sea level drop or changes in wind patterns. Down core records of the oxygen isotope ratios of the planktonic foraminifer Globorotalia truncatulinoides are used to locate the density gradients and thus the locations of upper ocean currents in the western North Atlantic. We find that western boundary flow was largely confined within the Florida Straits during the Last Glacial Maximum as it is today. This finding supports the idea that the reduced density gradient across the Florida Current represents a reduction in the surface branch of the surface to deep meridional overturning circulation in the Atlantic rather than a reduction in the proportion of the wind-driven flow carried by the Florida Current.},
	issn = {1525-2027},
	doi = {10.1029/2006GC001371},
	author = {LeGrande, A. N. and Lynch-Stieglitz, J.}
}
@article {569,
	title = {The timing and evolution of the post-glacial transgression across the Sea of Marmara shelf south of Istanbul},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {243},
	year = {2007},
	note = {210tuTimes Cited:36Cited References Count:52},
	month = {Sep 6},
	pages = {57-76},
	abstract = {High-resolution seismic reflection profiles and analyses of the sedimentary substrate at the Sea of Marmara (SoM) entrance to the Strait of Istanbul (Sol, Bosphorus) provide a detailed record of the transgression that took place after the SoM reconnected with the Mediterranean. The sediments progressively fill a paleo shelf valley that incised the margin from the Sol to the shelf break at the time of the pre-Holocene lowstand. We map seven seismic reflection units that can be confidently correlated to sediment cores by lithology and physical properties. Sediments in the cores are dated by radiocarbon methods. Early channel and levee deposits within the paleo valley belong to the Younger Dryas cold stage and record outflow from the Black Sea via the Sol. Small clinoform packages on the valley margin formed in proximity to climbing paleo shorelines. The elevations of these deposits conform to the sealevel history recorded in Barbados corals. The younger part of the succession includes a subaqueous prodelta sourced from the Kurbagalidere River. Its relatively young age when the Holocene sea had almost reached its modem level suggests that the thick progradational and aggradational clinoform development was primarily a response to sediment supply rather than the filling of expanding accommodation space. Our findings refute the hypothesis of Aksu et al. (Aksu, A.E., Hiscott, R.N., Mudie., P.J., Rochon, A., Kaminski, M.A., Abrojano, T., Yasar, D., 2002a. Persistent Holocene outflow fromn the Black Sea to the Eastern Mediterranean contradicts Noah{\textquoteright}s Flood hypothesis, GSA Today 10,(6), 3-7., Aksu, A.E., Hiscott, R.N., Kaminski, M.A., Mudie, P.J., Gillespie, H., Abrojano, T., Yasar, D., 2002b. Last glacial-Holocene paleoceanography of the Black Sea and Marmara Sea: stable isotopic, foraminiferal and coccolith evidence. Mar. Geol., 190, 119-149.) and Hiscott et al. (Hiscott, R.N., Aksu, A.E., Yasar, D., Kaminski, M.A., Mudie, P.J., Kostylev, V.E., MacDonald, J.C. Isler, F.I., Lord, A.R., 2002. Deltas south of the Bosphorus Strait record persistent Black Sea outflow to the Marmara Sea since similar to 10 ka, Mar. Geol., 190,95-118., Hiscott, R.N., Aksu, A.E., Mudie., P.J., Kaminski, M.A., Abrajano, T, Yasar, D., Rochon, A., 2007. The Marmara Sea gateway since similar to 16 ky BP: non-catastrophic causes of paleoceanographic events in the Black Sea at 8.4 and 7.15 ky BR In Yanko-Hombach,V, Gilbert, A.S., Dolukhanov, P.M. (Eds.), The Black Sea Flood Question, Springer, The Netherlands, 89-117.) that this deposit was supplied from the Sol and that its presence requires a persistent Black Sea outflow since 10 C-14 ka bp (not corrected from the reservoir age or calibrated). (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2007.04.010},
	author = {Eris, K. K. and Ryan, W. B. F. and Cagatay, M. N. and Sancar, U. and Lericolais, G. and Menot, G. and Bard, E.}
}
@article {570,
	title = {A unique Yellow River-derived distal subaqueous delta in the Yellow Sea},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {240},
	year = {2007},
	note = {178psTimes Cited:88Cited References Count:39},
	month = {Jun 5},
	pages = {169-176},
	abstract = {Newly acquired high-resolution Chirp sonar profiles reveal a unique Yellow River-derived, alongshore distributed, bidirectional (landward and seaward) across-shelf transported, omega-shaped (Omega") distal subaqueous deltaic lobe deposited around the eastern tip of the Shandong Peninsula in the Yellow Sea. This clinoform deposit directly overlies the postglacial transgressive surface, featured by convex-up seafloor morphology, up to 40 in thick locally. Radiocarbon-14 dates from the underlain pre-Holocene and transgressive sediments indicate this distal lobe has formed since the middle-Holocene highstand under a relatively stable sea level. This along-shelf distributed distal clinoform has been deposited mainly by the resuspended Yellow River sediments carried down by the coastal current, interacting with the local waves, tides and upwelling. Collectively, over the past 7000 years, nearly 30\% of the Yellow River-derived sediment has been re-suspended and transported out of the Bohai Sea into the Yellow Sea. Overall, the Yellow River-derived sediment could reach the -80 m water depth in the central South Yellow Sea, about 700 kin from the river mouth; in contrast, a very small fraction of the modem riverine sediment could escape the outer shelf or reach the Okinawa Trough. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2007.02.008},
	author = {Yang, Z. S. and Liu, J. P.}
}
@inbook {1433,
	title = {Variability of the marine ITCZ over the eastern Pacific during the past 30,000 years: Regional perspective and global context},
	booktitle = {The Hadley Circulation: Present, Past and Future},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 642},
	month = {2007},
	pages = {347-369},
	publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
	organization = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
	author = {Koutavas, Athanasios and Lynch-Stieglitz, Jean},
	editor = {Bradley, R. S.}
}
@article {1921,
	title = {14C methane and DIC in the deep terrestrial subsurface: implications for microbial methanogenesis},
	journal = {Geomicrobiology Journal},
	volume = {23},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 1100},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {453-462},
	author = {Slater, Greg F. and Lippmann-Pipke, Johanna and Moser, Duane P. and Reddy, Christopher M. and Onstott, T. C. and Lacrampe-Couloume, Georges and Lollar, Barbara Sherwood}
}
@article {709,
	title = {Abrupt tropical climate change: past and present},
	journal = {Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A},
	volume = {103},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Thompson, Lonnie GMosley-Thompson, EllenBrecher, HenryDavis, MaryLeon, BlancaLes, DonLin, Ping-NanMashiotta, TracyMountain, KeithengResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}tResearch Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Non-P.H.S.2006/07/04 09:00Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jul 11;103(28):10536-43. Epub 2006 Jun 30.},
	month = {Jul 11},
	pages = {10536-43},
	abstract = {Three lines of evidence for abrupt tropical climate change, both past and present, are presented. First, annually and decadally averaged delta(18)O and net mass-balance histories for the last 400 and 2,000 yr, respectively, demonstrate that the current warming at high elevations in the mid- to low latitudes is unprecedented for at least the last 2 millennia. Second, the continuing retreat of most mid- to low-latitude glaciers, many having persisted for thousands of years, signals a recent and abrupt change in the Earth{\textquoteright}s climate system. Finally, rooted, soft-bodied wetland plants, now exposed along the margins as the Quelccaya ice cap (Peru) retreats, have been radiocarbon dated and, when coupled with other widespread proxy evidence, provide strong evidence for an abrupt mid-Holocene climate event that marked the transition from early Holocene (pre-5,000-yr-B.P.) conditions to cooler, late Holocene (post-5,000-yr-B.P.) conditions. This abrupt event, approximately 5,200 yr ago, was widespread and spatially coherent through much of the tropics and was coincident with structural changes in several civilizations. These three lines of evidence argue that the present warming and associated glacier retreat are unprecedented in some areas for at least 5,200 yr. The ongoing global-scale, rapid retreat of mountain glaciers is not only contributing to global sea-level rise but also threatening freshwater supplies in many of the world{\textquoteright}s most populous regions.},
	issn = {0027-8424 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1073/pnas.0603900103},
	author = {Thompson, L. G. and Mosley-Thompson, E. and Brecher, H. and Davis, M. and Leon, B. and Les, D. and Lin, P. N. and Mashiotta, T. and Mountain, K.}
}
@article {1939,
	title = {Absence of 14C in PM2.5 Emissions from Gasohol Combustion in Small Engines},
	journal = {Aerosol Science and Technology},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 1699},
	month = {2006},
	author = {Lewis, C. W. and Volkens, J. and Braddock, J. N. and Crews, W. S. and Lonneman, W. A. and McNichol, A. P.}
}
@article {1938,
	title = {Alkenone-based reconstruction of late-Holocene surface temperature and salinity changes in Lake Qinghai, China},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {33},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 1157},
	month = {2006},
	author = {Liu, Z. and Henderson, A. C. G. and Huang, Y.}
}
@inbook {1437,
	title = {Carbon flux in seagrass ecosystems},
	booktitle = {Seagrasses: Biology, Ecology and Conservation.},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 2006},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {157-191},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	address = {The Netherlands},
	author = {Mateo, M. A. and Cebri{\'a}n, J. and Dunton, K. and Mutchler, T.},
	editor = {Larkum, A. W. D.}
}
@conference {1588,
	title = {The Chilean Fjords},
	booktitle = {Abstracts, EGU General Assembly},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 561},
	month = {2006},
	address = {Vienna, Austria},
	author = {Lange, C. B. and Pantoja, S. and Sepulveda, J. and Rebolledo, L. and Smith-Wellner, J. and Anderson, J. B. and Hughen, K. A.}
}
@article {665,
	title = {Coherence between solar activity and the East Asian winter monsoon variability in the past 8000 years from Yangtze River-derived mud in the East China Sea},
	journal = {Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology},
	volume = {237},
	year = {2006},
	note = {072kpTimes Cited:52Cited References Count:61},
	month = {Aug 4},
	pages = {293-304},
	abstract = {AMS(14)C dating and grain-size analysis for Core PC-6, located in the middle of a mud area on the inner shelf of the East China Sea (ECS), were used to rebuild the Holocene history of the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM). The 7.5-m core recorded the history of environmental changes during the postglacial transgression. The core{\textquoteright}s mud section (the upper 450 cm) has been formed mainly by suspended sediment delivered from the Yangtze River mouth by the ECS Winter Coastal Current (ECSWCC) since 7.6 kyr BP. Using a mathematical method called "grain size vs. standard deviatioW{\textquoteright}, we can divide the Core PC-6{\textquoteright}s grain-size distribution into two populations at about 28 mu m. The fine population (< 28 mu m) is considered to be transported by the ECSWCC as suspended loads. Content of the fine population changes little and represents a stable sedimentary environment in accord with the present situation. Thus, variation of mean grain-size from the fine population would reflect the strength of ECSWCC, which is mainly controlled by the East Asian winter monsoon.Abrupt increasing mean grain size in the mud section is inferred to be transported by sudden strengthened ECSWCC, which was caused by the strengthened EAWM. Thus, the high resolution mean grain-size variation might serve as a proxy for reconstruction of the EAWM. A good correlation between sunspot change and the mean grain-size of suspended fine population suggests that one of the primary controls on centennial- to decadal-scale changes of the EAWM in the past 8 ka is the variations of sun irradiance, i.e., the EAWM will increase in intensity when the number of sunspots decreases. Spectral analyses of the mean grain-size time series of Core PC-6 show statistically significant periodicities centering on 2463, 1368, 128, 106, 100, 88-91, 7678, and 70-72 years. The EAWM and the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) agree with each other well on these cycles, and the East Asian Monsoon (EAM) and the Indian Monsoon also share in concurrent cycles in Holocene, which are in accord with the changes of the sun irradiance. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.12.003},
	author = {Xiao, S. B. and Li, A. C. and Liu, J. P. and Chen, M. H. and Xie, Q. and Jiang, F. Q. and Li, T. G. and Xiang, R. and Chen, Z.}
}
@article {1937,
	title = {Dissolved and particulate organic matter source-age characterization in the upper and lower Chesapeake Bay: A combined isotope and biochemical approach},
	journal = {Limnology and Oceanography},
	volume = {51},
	year = {2006},
	note = {045nhTimes Cited:24
Cited References Count:37
},
	month = {May},
	pages = {1421-1431},
	abstract = {In order to characterize the sources and ages of organic matter contributing to river and estuarine outflow waters, the present study investigated Delta C-14 and delta C-13 signatures of the major operationally defined biochemical classes of ultrafiltered dissolved organic matter (UDOM) in conjunction with lipid biomarker and elemental compositions of UDOM and suspended particulate organic matter (POM) in the Chesapeake Bay. Freshwater (Susquehanna River) UDOM was dominated by a molecularly uncharacterized (MUC) fraction, followed by total carbohydrate (TCHO), total hydrolysable amino acid (THAA) and total lipid (TLE) components. In contrast, UDOM at the bay mouth (salinity similar to 22-24) was comprised mainly of TCHO, followed by MUC, THAA, and TLE. The Delta C-14 and delta C-13 signatures of both UDOM and its major biochemical classes indicate that Susquehanna DOM is derived in part from old allochthonous terrestrial sources, whereas young marine sources dominate at the bay mouth. In contrast to the other biochemical classes, lipophilic DOM at both sites was very old (similar to 5,000-7,000 years B.P.). In addition, factor analysis of lipid biomarker compounds revealed unique signatures for the UDOM and POM pools that imply disparate source and/or recycling properties as well as potential influences due to physical partitioning. Lipid biomarker compounds showed that although autochthonous riverine/estuarine sources dominated both the UDOM and POM pools, terrigenous lipids were elevated in the Susquehanna during high flow conditions. The presence of lipid biomarkers diagnostic of "fresh" algal material in UDOM further suggested its greater reactivity than POM. The observed biochemical and lipid biomarker compositions and isotopic signatures of UDOM and POM are consistent with previous findings suggesting that these two major organic matter pools have dissimilar reactivities and cycling times, and they derive from comparatively unique source-age materials in rivers and estuaries.},
	keywords = {biomarkers, carbon, delta-c-13, lipid-composition, ocean, radiocarbon, river, san-francisco, sediments, variability},
	isbn = {0024-3590},
	doi = {10.4319/lo.2006.51.3.1421},
	author = {Loh, A. N. and Bauer, J. E. and Canuel, E. A.}
}
@conference {1636,
	title = {The formation history of Long Island Sound},
	booktitle = {Long Island Sound Research Conference},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 1187},
	month = {2006},
	address = {Groton, CT},
	author = {Varekamp, J. C. and Thomas, E. and Lewis, R. and Altabet, M.}
}
@article {932,
	title = {Geomorphologic controls on the age of particulate organic carbon from small mountainous and upland rivers},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2006},
	note = {082xbTimes Cited:78Cited References Count:77},
	month = {Sep 9},
	pages = {1-11},
	abstract = {To assess the role that erosion processes play in governing the character of particulate organic carbon (POC) discharged from small mountainous and upland rivers, a suite of watersheds from Oregon, California, and New Zealand was investigated. The rivers share similar geology, tectonic setting, and climate, but have sediment yields that range over 3 orders of magnitude. The (14)C age of the POC loads is highly correlated with sediment yield. Carbon isotope mass balances reveal that the rivers carry bimodal mixtures of modern-plant-and ancient-rock-derived OC. At lower yields, modern plant OC dominates the material delivered to the river by sheetwash and shallow landsliding. With increasing yield, a progressively larger part of the POC is contributed directly from bedrock erosion via deep gully incision. Our results support the inference that active margin watersheds are important sources of aged POC to the ocean.},
	keywords = {14C, kerogen recycling, particulate organic carbon},
	issn = {0886-6236},
	doi = {10.1029/2005GB002677},
	author = {Leithold, E. L. and Blair, N. E. and Perkey, D. W.}
}
@conference {1638,
	title = {A geostatistical approach to watershed sources of aged riverine organic matter to the Hudson-Mohawk River system},
	booktitle = {American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 483},
	month = {2006},
	address = {San Francisco, CA},
	author = {Longworth, B. E. and Petsch, S. T. and Raymond, P. A. and Bauer, J. E.}
}
@article {624,
	title = {Gulf Stream density structure and transport during the past millennium},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {444},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Lund, David CLynch-Stieglitz, JeanCurry, William BengResearch Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Non-P.H.S.England2006/12/01 09:00Nature. 2006 Nov 30;444(7119):601-4.},
	month = {Nov 30},
	pages = {601-4},
	abstract = {The Gulf Stream transports approximately 31 Sv (1 Sv = 10(6) m(3) s(-1)) of water and 1.3 x 10(15) W of heat into the North Atlantic ocean. The possibility of abrupt changes in Gulf Stream heat transport is one of the key uncertainties in predictions of climate change for the coming centuries. Given the limited length of the instrumental record, our knowledge of Gulf Stream behaviour on long timescales must rely heavily on information from geologic archives. Here we use foraminifera from a suite of high-resolution sediment cores in the Florida Straits to show that the cross-current density gradient and vertical current shear of the Gulf Stream were systematically lower during the Little Ice Age (ad approximately 1200 to 1850). We also estimate that Little Ice Age volume transport was ten per cent weaker than today{\textquoteright}s. The timing of reduced flow is consistent with temperature minima in several palaeoclimate records, implying that diminished oceanic heat transport may have contributed to Little Ice Age cooling in the North Atlantic. The interval of low flow also coincides with anomalously high Gulf Stream surface salinity, suggesting a tight linkage between the Atlantic Ocean circulation and hydrologic cycle during the past millennium.},
	issn = {0028-0836 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1038/nature05277},
	author = {Lund, D. C. and Lynch-Stieglitz, J. and Curry, W. B.}
}
@article {358,
	title = {Holocene elephant seal distribution implies warmer-than-present climate in the Ross Sea},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
	volume = {103},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 1918; PT: J; NR: 25; TC: 14; J9: P NATL ACAD SCI USA; PG: 5; GA: 064DM; UT: WOS:000239069400013},
	pages = {10213-10217},
	abstract = {We show that southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) colonies existed proximate to the Ross Ice Shelf during the Holocene, well south of their core sub-Antarctic breeding and molting grounds. We propose that this was due to warming (including a previously unrecognized period from approximate to 1,100 to 2,300 C-14 yr B.P.) that decreased coastal sea ice and allowed penetration of warmer-than-present climate conditions into the Ross Embayment. If, as proposed in the literature, the ice shelf survived this period, it would have been exposed to environments substantially warmer than present.},
	issn = {0027-8424},
	doi = {10.1073/pnas.0604002103},
	author = {Hall, B. L. and Hoelzel, A. R. and Baroni, C. and Denton, G. H. and Le Boeuf, B. J. and Overturf, B. and Topf, A. L.}
}
@conference {1656,
	title = {Investigating the temperoral relationship between the synthesis and sediment incorporation of vascular plant biomarkers using molecular level 14C analysis},
	booktitle = {EOS Abstracts, 2006 AGU Ocean Sciences Meeting},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 562},
	month = {2006},
	address = {Honolulu, HI},
	author = {Drenzek, N. and Poussart, P. and Lima, A. L. and Hughens, K. and Reddy, C. and Eglinton, T. I.}
}
@mastersthesis {1321,
	title = {Late Quaternary sea-level lowstand environments and chronology of outer Saco Bay, Maine},
	volume = {Masters},
	year = {2006},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {134},
	school = {University of Maine},
	address = {Orono, ME},
	author = {Lee, K.}
}
@article {1024,
	title = {Late-Quaternary paleoenvironmental evolution of Lesina lagoon (sosuthern Italy) from subsurface data},
	journal = {Sedimentary Geology},
	volume = {183},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 1060},
	pages = {1-13},
	abstract = {Integrated sedimentological and micropaleontological (foraminifers and ostracods) analyses of two 55 m long borehole cores (S3 and S4) drilled in the subsurface of Lesina lagoon (Gargano promontory{\textemdash}Italy) has yielded a facies distribution characteristic of alluvial, coastal and shallow-marine sediments. Stratigraphic correlation between the two cores, based on strong similarity in facies distribution and AMS radiocarbon dates, indicates a Late Pleistocene to Holocene age of the sedimentary succession.

Two main depositional sequences were deposited during the last 60-ky. These sequences display poor preservation of lowstand deposits and record two major transgressive pulses and subsequent sea-level highstands. The older sequence, unconformably overlying a pedogenized alluvial unit, consists of paralic and marine units (dated by AMS radiocarbon at about 45{\textendash}50,000 years BP) that represent the landward migration of a barrier-lagoon system. These units are separated by a ravinement surface (RS1). Above these tansgressive deposits, highstand deposition is characterised by progradation of the coastal sediments.

The younger sequence, overlying an unconformity of tectonic origin, is a 10 m-thick sedimentary body, consisting of fluvial channel sediments overlain by transgressive{\textendash}regressive deposits of Holocene age. A ravinement surface (RS2), truncating the transgressive (lagoonal and back-barrier) deposits in core S4, indicates shoreface retreat and landward migration of the barrier/lagoon system. The overlying beach, lagoon and alluvial deposits are the result of mid-Holocene highstand sedimentation and coastal progradation.},
	keywords = {Foraminifers, Late Quaternary, Lesina lagoon (Italy), Ostracods, Sea-level changes},
	doi = {10.1016/j.sedgeo.2005.09.003},
	author = {Lucchi, Marianna Ricci and Fiorini, Flavia and Colalongo, Maria Luisa and Curzi, Pietro Vittorio}
}
@conference {1680,
	title = {Marine 14C calibration and activity record for the past 50,000 years from the Cariaco Basin, Abstract},
	booktitle = {Eos Trans AGU 87, Fall Meeting Supple.},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 1076},
	month = {2006},
	address = {San Francisco, CA},
	author = {Hughen, K. A. and Southon, J. and Lehman, S. J. and Jenkins, W.}
}
@article {1944,
	title = {Marine-derived 14C calibration and activity record for the past 50,000 years updated from the Cariaco Basin},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 553},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {3216-3227},
	author = {Hughen, K. A. and Southon, J. A. and Lehman, S. J. and Bertrand, C. J. H. and Turnbull, J.}
}
@article {1026,
	title = {Meridional overturning circulation in the South Atlantic at the last glacial maximum},
	journal = {Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2006},
	note = {092siTimes Cited:17Cited References Count:46},
	month = {Oct 3},
	abstract = {The geostrophic shear associated with the meridional overturning circulation is reflected in the difference in density between the eastern and western margins of the ocean basin. Here we examine how the density difference across 30 degrees S in the upper 2 km of the Atlantic Ocean ( and thus the magnitude of the shear associated with the overturning circulation) has changed between the last glacial maximum and the present. We use oxygen isotope measurements on benthic foraminifera to reconstruct density. Today, the density in upper and intermediate waters along the eastern margin in the South Atlantic is greater than along the western margin, reflecting the vertical shear associated with the northward flow of surface and intermediate waters and the southward flowing North Atlantic Deep Waters below. The greater density along the eastern margin is reflected in the higher delta(18)O values for surface sediment benthic foraminifera than those found on the western margin for the upper 2 km. For the last glacial maximum the available data indicate that the eastern margin foraminifera had similar delta(18)O to those on the western margin between 1 and 2 km and that the gradient was reversed relative to today with the higher delta(18)O values in the western margin benthic foraminifera above 1 km. If this reversal in benthic foraminifera delta(18)O gradient reflects a reversal in seawater density gradient, these data are not consistent with a vigorous but shallower overturning cell in which surface waters entering the Atlantic basin are balanced by the southward export of Glacial North Atlantic Intermediate Water.},
	issn = {1525-2027},
	doi = {10.1029/2005GC001226},
	author = {Lynch-Stieglitz, J. and Curry, W. B. and Oppo, D. W. and Ninneman, U. S. and Charles, C. D. and Munson, J.}
}
@article {731,
	title = {Mid-Holocene El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) attenuation revealed by individual foraminifera in eastern tropical Pacific sediments},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {34},
	year = {2006},
	note = {113wzTimes Cited:128Cited References Count:26},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {993-996},
	abstract = {Holocene reconstructions of the Ell Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) provide valuable perspective on its recent evolution and can be important for assessing its future. Optimal assessment of past ENSO variability requires observations from its center of action in the eastern equatorial Pacific, but these are limited due to paucity of high-resolution paleoceanographic archives (e.g., corals). Here we use a new approach to quantify past ENSO variance based on the oxygen isotopic composition (delta O-18) of individual foraminifera (Globigerinoides ruber) from deep-sea sediments in the ENSO source region.. Individual G. ruber foraminifera behave as monthly recorders of sea-surface conditions, including ENSO extremes, circumventing the lack of annual resolution in the sediments. Intrapopulation delta O-18 distributions derived with this method from a core near the Galapagos Islands reveal mid-Holocene reductions in variance or 50\%, requiring drastic attenuation of the ENSO amplitude. Furthermore, Mg/Ca thermometry indicates that mid-Holocene background conditions were accompanied by a stronger zonal temperature gradient that coincided with a northward-displaced Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). The results suggest that the position of the ITCZ is an important factor in the low-frequency modulation of ENSO and could influence its future evolution.},
	issn = {0091-7613},
	doi = {10.1130/G22810a.1},
	author = {Koutavas, A. and deMenocal, P. B. and Olive, G. C. and Lynch-Stieglitz, J.}
}
@article {1529,
	title = {The Montana Creek Sites: Archaeological Investigations at Lovewell Reservoir, Jewell County, Kansas-2004},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 619},
	month = {2006},
	institution = {Nebraska-Kansas Area Office, Bureau of Reclamation. Dept. of Sociology, Anthropology and Social Work, Kansas State University},
	address = {Manhattan},
	author = {Ritterbush, Lauren W. and Logan, Brad}
}
@article {915,
	title = {New evidence for remnant deposits recorded by columnar sediments in the shelf of the northern South China Sea},
	journal = {Marine Geology \& Quaternary Geology},
	volume = {26},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 568},
	pages = {1-5},
	isbn = {0256-1492},
	author = {Xiao, S. B. and Chen, M. H. and Lu, J.}
}
@conference {1709,
	title = {New middle and late Holocene radiocarbon dates for alluvial deposits containing the Sand Creek pit hearths of northwestern Nebraska, U.S.A},
	booktitle = {14th Annual Island in the Planes Archeological and Historical Symposium Program and Abstracts},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 517},
	month = {2006},
	author = {LaGarry, L. A. and LaGarry, H. E. and Wandsnider, L. and Richardson, E. L.}
}
@article {1022,
	title = {Non-pollen palynomorphs from organic deposits of Posidonia oceanica: a new tool for palaeoenvironmental studies in marine peat-like deposits},
	journal = {Palyno-Bulletin},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 2005},
	pages = {38-40},
	abstract = {The in situ accumulation of large quantities of biogenic materials over millennia is very relevant and occurs only in a limited number of ecosystems. Peat bogs are probably the bestknown example among terrestrial ecosystems (e.g. Aaby \& Berglund, 1986) and coral reefs among marine ecosystems (e.g. Clausen \& Roth, 1975). In situ organic accumulations in the marine environment are rare, having been described for mangroves and seagrass species. The Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica accumulates large quantities of organic debris. Roots, rhizomes and leaf sheaths are progressively buried fonning a bioconstruction called {\textquoteright}matte{\textquoteright}. The organic material remains with little morphological alteration for millennia (Mateo et aI. , 1997), constitnting a marine peat-like deposit with a great interest from a palaeoenvironmental point of view. The present paper evaluates the palaeoecological potential of the organic deposits generated by the marine phanerogame Posidonia oceanica in the Bay of Port Lligat, Girona, NE Spain. This stndy discusses the detailed evolution of the vegetation in the landscape of the area.},
	author = {L{\'o}pez-S{\'a}ez, J. A. and L{\'o}pez-Garc{\'\i}a, P. and Pozuelo, R. and Mateo, M. A. and Renom, P. and Garrido, D.}
}
@article {1929,
	title = {Pedological properties of the eroding coastline along the Beaufort Sea, Alaska},
	journal = {Eos Trans. AGU Fall Meeting Supplement},
	volume = {87},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 1002},
	month = {2006},
	author = {Ping, C. L. and Dou, F. and Jorgenson, G. and Michaelson, J. and Lynn, L. A. and Shur, Y. and Kanevsky, M.}
}
@article {602,
	title = {Sedimentary features of the Yangtze River-derived along-shelf clinoform deposit in the East China Sea},
	journal = {Continental Shelf Research},
	volume = {26},
	year = {2006},
	note = {109ueTimes Cited:158Cited References Count:62},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {2141-2156},
	abstract = {A predominant sigmoidal clinoform deposit extends from the Yangtze River mouth southwards 800 kin along the Chinese coast. This clinoform is thickest (similar to 40m) between the 20 and 30 m isobaths and progressively thins offshore, reaching water depths of 60 and 90 m and distances up to 100 km offshore. Clay mineral, heavy metal, geochemical and grain-size analyses indicate that the Yangtze River is the primary source for this longshore-transported clinoform deposit. (210)Pb chronologies show the highest accumulation rates (> 3 cm/yr) occur immediately adjacent to the Yangtze subaqueous delta (north of 30 degrees N), decreasing southward alongshore and eastward offshore. The interaction of strong tides, waves, the China Coastal Current, winter storms, and offshore upwelling appear to have played important roles in trapping most Yangtze-derived sediment on the inner shelf and transporting it to the south. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0278-4343},
	doi = {10.1016/j.csr.2006.07.013},
	author = {Liu, J. P. and Li, A. C. and Xu, K. H. and Veiozzi, D. M. and Yang, Z. S. and Milliman, J. D. and DeMaster, D.}
}
@conference {1790,
	title = {Sources age and composition of dissolved and particulate organic matter delivered to a passive margin river system},
	booktitle = {ASLO/AGU Ocean Science Meeting},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 485},
	month = {2006},
	address = {Honolulu, HI},
	author = {Petsch, S. T. and Gordon, E. S. and Longworth, B. E. and Schillawki, S. E. and Raymond, P. A.}
}
@conference {1816,
	title = {An updated 14C calibration and activity record for the past 50,000 years from marine Cariaco Basin, Abstract},
	booktitle = {19th International Radiocarbon Conference},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 559},
	month = {2006},
	address = {Oxford, UK},
	author = {Hughen, K. A. and Southon, J. A. and Lehman, S. J. and Bertrand, C. J. H. and Turnbull, J.}
}
@article {979,
	title = {A 17,000 year history of Andean climatic and vegetation change from Laguna de Chochos, Peru},
	journal = {Journal of Quaternary Science},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 1015},
	pages = {703-714},
	abstract = {The manifestation of major climatic events such as the timing of deglaciation and whether, or not, the Younger Dryas affected Andean systems has garnered considerable recent attention. Even the Holocene is rapidly emerging as a time of considerable interest in Neotropical palaeoclimatology and palaeoecology. The Holocene of the Neotropics is now revealed as a time of some temperature change with precipitation:evaporation ratios fluctuating markedly. Major changes in lake level, ice-accumulation, and vegetation are indicative of changes both in precipitation and temperature regimes. Although global-scale forcing mechanisms may underlie some of these changes, e.g. the precessional rhythm, other variability appears to be localised. In a record from near the upper forest limit of the eastern Peruvian Andes, pollen, charcoal, and sedimentary data suggest that the deglaciational period from ca. 17 000 to ca. 11 500 cal. yr BP was a period of rapid climatic oscillations, set against an overall trend of warming. A warm-dry event is evident between ca. 9500 and ca. 7300 cal. yr BP, and comparisons with other regional archives suggest that it was regional in scale. A ca. 1500-yr periodicity in the magnetic susceptibility data is evident between 12 000 and 6000 cal. yr BP, reaching a peak intensity during the dry event. A weaker oscillation with a 500{\textendash}600-yr periodicity is present throughout much of the Holocene. The uppermost sample of the pollen analysis reveals deforestation as modern human land use simplified the landscape.},
	doi = {10.1002/jqs.983},
	author = {Bush, M. B. and Hansen, B. C. S. and Rodbell, D. T. and Seltzer, G. O. and Young, K. R. and Leon, B. and Abbott, M. B. and Silman, M. R. and Gosling, W. D.}
}
@article {922,
	title = {Abundance, composition, and vertical transport of PAHs in marsh sediments},
	journal = {Environ Sci Technol},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2005},
	note = {White, Helen KXu, LiLima, Ana Lucia CEglinton, Timothy IReddy, Christopher MengResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}tResearch Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Non-P.H.S.2005/11/22 09:00Environ Sci Technol. 2005 Nov 1;39(21):8273-80.},
	month = {Nov 01},
	pages = {8273-80},
	abstract = {Petroleum-derived hydrocarbons continue to persist in Wild Harbor, West Falmouth, MA, following a spill of No. 2 fuel oil in 1969 from the barge Florida. Recent analysis of marsh sediments revealed that residues of degraded oil are present with concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbons as high as approximately 9 mg g(-1). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) constitute only a minor fraction of these residues with maximum concentrations of 134 mirog g(-1), but their fate is of interest because of their potential toxicity to organisms. As compared to typical unweathered No. 2 fuel oil, the current distribution of PAHs in the sediments reflects substantial weathering by abiotic and biotic processes, specifically a preferential loss of naphthalenes relative to phenanthrenes, as well as isomer-specific biodegradation of alkylated PAHs. Based on comparison to results from an earlier study, it appears that little or no change has occurred to the distribution of PAHs since 1989, indicating that weathering at this site has stalled or is now proceeding at a significantly slower rate. To assess whether sediment-water partitioning and molecular diffusion in the interstitial medium are now the dominant processes controlling the vertical distribution of PAHs, downcore profiles were compared to a numerical model. While in some cases the model accurately reproduced the measured data, there were instances where the distribution of PAHs was slightly under or overestimated. Reasons for these discrepancies are discussed and are likely due to bioturbation, colloid-facilitated transport, or both. Assessment of the influence of these processes on the spilled oil expands our understanding of the overall fate of these compounds and their potential long-term effects on the environment.},
	issn = {0013-936X},
	doi = {10.1021/es050475w},
	author = {White, H. K. and Xu, L. and Lima, A. L. and Eglinton, T. I. and Reddy, C. M.}
}
@conference {1611,
	title = {Dissolved and particulate organic matter source-age characterization in river and estuarine outflow waters: a combined isotope and biochemical approach},
	booktitle = {ASLO Summer Meeting},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 482},
	month = {2005},
	address = {Santiago de Compostela, Spain},
	author = {Loh, A. N. and Bauer, J. E. and Canuel, E. A.}
}
@article {1981,
	title = {An evaluation of 14C age relationships between co-occurring foraminifera, alkenones, and total organic carbon in continental margin sediments},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 492},
	month = {2005},
	pages = {1-12},
	author = {Mollenhauer, Gesine and Kienast, Markus and Lamy, Frank and Meggers, Helge and Schneider, Ralph R. and Hayes, John M. and Eglinton, Timothy I.}
}
@article {594,
	title = {Evidence from the Northeastern Atlantic basin for variability in the rate of the meridional overturning circulation through the last deglaciation},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {240},
	year = {2005},
	note = {995vhTimes Cited:93Cited References Count:69},
	month = {Dec 15},
	pages = {710-723},
	abstract = {A first study from the subtropical western Atlantic, using Pa-231/Th-230 ratios as a kinematic proxy for deep water circulation, provided compelling evidence for a strong link between climate and the rate of Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) over the last deglaciation. However, these results warrant confirmation from additional locations and water depths because the interpretation of the sedimentary Pa-231/Th-230 ratio in terms of circulation vigor can be biased by variations in particle flux and composition. We have measured Pa-231/Th-230 in a core from the Iberian margin, in the Northeastern Atlantic basin, and have compared these new results to the data from the western Atlantic basin. We find that the reduction in the circulation during H1 and YD and the subsequent increases first recognized in the sediment deposited on Ben-nuda Rise are also evident in the eastern basin, in a totally different sedimentary regime, confirming that sedimentary Pa-231/Th-230 ratios record basin-wide changes in deep water circulation. However, some differences between the eastern and western records are also recognized, providing preliminary evidence to differentiate between renewal rates in the two North Atlantic basins and between shallower and deeper overturning. Our results suggest the possible existence of two sources of Glacial North Atlantic Intermediate Deep Water (GNAIW), one in the south Labrador Sea and another west of Rockall Plateau. Both sources contributed to the meridional overturning but the two had different sensitivity to meltwater from the Laurentide and the Fermoscandian ice sheets during the deglaciation. These results indicate that additional information on the geometry and strength of the ventilation of the deep Atlantic can be obtained by contrasting the evolution of sediment Pa-231/Th-230 in different sections of the Atlantic Ocean. (C) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0012-821x},
	doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2005.09.061},
	author = {Gherardi, J. M. and Labeyrie, L. and McManus, J. F. and Francois, R. and Skinner, L. C. and Cortijo, E.}
}
@article {598,
	title = {Fluctuations in export productivity over the last century from sediments of a southern Chilean fjord (44 degrees S)},
	journal = {Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science},
	volume = {65},
	year = {2005},
	note = {975sfTimes Cited:22Cited References Count:53},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {587-600},
	abstract = {Here we present the first reconstruction of changes in surface primary production during the last century from the Puyuhuapi fjord in southern Chile, using a variety of parameters (diatoms, biogenic silica, total organic carbon, chlorins, and proteins) as productivity proxies. Two sediment cores from the head and the center of the fjord were analyzed and compared to gain insights on past changes in productivity in these two different depositional environments. Higher sedimentation rates found at the head of the fjord result from the combination of a shallower water column and a restricted circulation by the occurrence of a sill. Additionally, sediment mixing depths estimated from (210)Pb data suggest that suboxic conditions may dominate the bottom water and the sediment-water interface in this location.Productivity of the Puyuhuapi fjord during the last century was characterized by a constant increase from the late 19th century to the early 1980s, then decreased until the late 1990s, and then rose again to present-day values. The influence of rainfall on productivity was most noticeable during periods of low rainfall, which coincided with decreased overall productivity within the Puyuhuapi fjord. Simultaneous variations in productivity and rainfall in the study area suggest that marine productivity could respond to atmospheric-oceanic interactions at a local scale. At a regional scale, marine productivity of the area may be related to other large-scale processes such as the El Nino Southern Oscillation. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0272-7714},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ecss.2005.07.005},
	author = {Sepulveda, J. and Pantoja, S. and Hughen, K. and Lange, C. and Gonzalez, F. and Munoz, P. and Rebolledo, L. and Castro, R. and Contreras, S. and Avila, A. and Rossel, P. and Lorca, G. and Salamanca, M. and Silva, N.}
}
@article {914,
	title = {Geochemical characteristics of recent 2 ka mud on the inner shelf of the East China Sea},
	journal = {GEOCHIMICA},
	volume = {34},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 570},
	month = {11/2005},
	pages = {595-604},
	abstract = {The particle size of DD2 in the northern part of the muddy area along the continental margin of the East China Sea was analyzed. AMS 14 C age test and the main elements, trace elements
The relationship between the content of each element and the particle size was discussed and analyzed. The relationship between them was discussed by R factor analysis. Studies have shown that nearly 2 ka to DD2
The majority of the main elements and trace elements in the pores are stable; the content of most of the elements with the grain size becomes increasing, while the content of Sr and SiO 2
The decreasing tendency of CaO, Na 2 O, Hf, Zr and Ti is poor in particle size. The results of factor analysis show that the chemical composition of DD2 pore can be
It is divided into four kinds of combination types: the main characteristics of the distribution of elements in sediments are reflected, and the samples are not treated by salt beforehand to cause the combination of main elements and trace elements
The Zr, Hf and Nb elements are enriched in the specific particle size components (silt), and the addition of calcareous biological components and the redistribution of elements during early diagenesis
Wait. The results show that Rb, Cu, Ni, V, P, Sc, Fe 2 O 3 , Cr, K 2 O, Nb, Co, Th, Ti and Al 2 O 3 are relatively inactive elements in DD 2 pores,
They can be compared with the modern Yangtze River, the Yellow River sediments, for genetic analysis. The Ti J Zr and Cr J Th ratios indicate that the pore deposits are mainly derived from the granitic
Source area. },
	keywords = {East China Sea continental shelf, factor analysis, geochemical characteristics, particle size},
	author = {Xiao, S. B. and Li, A. C. and Jiang, F. and Xu, F. J. and Zheng, F. and Chen, Z.}
}
@article {1525,
	title = {Global ocean data analysis project (GLODAP): Results and data, ORNL/CDIAC-145, NDP-145},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 529},
	month = {2005},
	pages = {81 pp.},
	author = {Sabine, C. L. and Key, R. M. and Kozyr, A. and Feely, R. A. and Wanninkhof, R. and Millero, F. J. and Peng, T. H. and Bullister, J. L. and Lee, K.}
}
@article {1986,
	title = {High-resolution historical records from Pettaquamscutt River basin sediments; 2. Chronology and record of 137Cs released by the Chernobyl accident},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {69},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 555},
	month = {2005},
	pages = {1803-1812},
	author = {Lima, A. L. and Hubeny, J. B. and Reddy, C. M. and King, J. W. and Hughen, K. A. and Eglinton, T. I.}
}
@article {2001,
	title = {Holocene aminochronology and time-averaging fro Chesapeake Bay mulinia},
	journal = {Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs},
	volume = {37},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 585},
	month = {2005},
	pages = {15},
	author = {Edwards, A. L. and Wehmiller, J. R. and Lockwood, R. and Kaufman, D. and Bright, J. and Cronin, T. and Willard, D.}
}
@article {2002,
	title = {Holocene molluscan aminostratigraphy of Chesapeake Bay sediments},
	journal = {Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs},
	volume = {37},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 586},
	month = {2005},
	pages = {8},
	author = {Edwards, A. L. and Lockwood, R. and Wehmiller, J. and Cronin, T. and Kaufman, D. and Bright, J.}
}
@article {1964,
	title = {Last deglaciation in the Okinawa Trough: Subtropical northwest Pacific link to Northern Hemisphere and tropical climate},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2005},
	note = {975ipTimes Cited:53
Cited References Count:55
},
	month = {Oct 7},
	abstract = {[1] Detailed deglacial and Holocene records of planktonic delta O-18 and Mg/Ca - based sea surface temperature (SST) from the Okinawa Trough suggest that at similar to 18 to 17 thousand years before present (kyr B. P.), late spring/ early summer SSTs were approximately 3 degrees C cooler than today, while surface waters were up to 1 practical salinity unit saltier. These conditions are consistent with a weaker influence of the summer East Asian Monsoon (EAM) than today. The timing of suborbital SST oscillations suggests a close link with abrupt changes in the EAM and North Atlantic climate. A tropical influence, however, may have resulted in subtle decoupling between the North Atlantic and the Okinawa Trough/EAM during the deglaciation. Okinawa Trough surface water trends in the Holocene are consistent with model simulations of an inland shift of intense EAM precipitation during the middle Holocene. Millennial-scale alternations between relatively warm, salty conditions and relatively cold, fresh conditions suggest varying influence of the Kuroshio during the Holocene.},
	keywords = {cal kyr bp, deep-ocean circulation, equatorial current, kuroshio current, late pleistocene, oxygen-isotope, planktonic-foraminifera, radiocarbon age calibration, south china sea, surface-water},
	isbn = {0883-8305},
	doi = {10.1029/2004PA001061},
	url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2\&amp;SrcAuth=Alerting\&amp;SrcApp=Alerting\&amp;DestApp=WOS\&amp;DestLinkType=FullRecord;UT=WOS:000232654500001},
	author = {Sun, Y. B. and Oppo, D. W. and Xiang, R. and Liu, W. G. and Gao, S.}
}
@article {1993,
	title = {Long term calibration of the Noble gas temperature system in a shallow unconfined Pleistocene aquifer},
	journal = {Eos Trans. AGU Fall Meeting Supplement},
	volume = {86},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 438},
	month = {2005},
	author = {Hall, C. M. and Castro, M. C. and Lohmann, K. C. and Ma, L.}
}
@article {1992,
	title = {Noble gases and stable isotopes in a shallow aquifer in southern Michigan: Implications for noble gas paleotemperature reconstructions for cool climates},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2005},
	note = {968qnTimes Cited:26
Cited References Count:14
},
	month = {Sep 22},
	pages = {1-4},
	abstract = {Noble gas data from the Glacial Drift, the shallowest aquifer in southern Michigan confirm findings by Ma et al. (2004) that modern noble gas temperatures (NGTs) are systematically below the current mean annual air temperature (MAAT) which, in turn, is similar to the ground temperature of these recharge waters. By tracking noble gas concentrations as well as stable isotope ratios through an autumn, winter, spring and into summer, we show that although water in this aquifer is modern, noble gases do not track the atmosphere on a short time scale. Specifically, excess He-3 and He-4 indicate that the gas environment at the water table is integrating conditions over years or decades rather than weeks or months. Our results are interpreted using various NGT interpretational models and possible mechanisms for the production of low apparent NGTs are discussed.},
	keywords = {water},
	isbn = {0094-8276},
	doi = {10.1029/2005GL023582},
	url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2\&amp;SrcAuth=Alerting\&amp;SrcApp=Alerting\&amp;DestApp=WOS\&amp;DestLinkType=FullRecord;UT=WOS:000232177300004},
	author = {Hall, C. M. and Castro, M. C. and Lohmann, K. C. and Ma, L.}
}
@article {912,
	title = {Provenance analysis of mud along the Min-zhe coast since 2 ka BP},
	journal = {Acta Sedimentologica Sinica},
	volume = {23},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 567},
	pages = {268-274},
	author = {Xiao, S. B. and Li, A. C. and Jiang, F.}
}
@article {595,
	title = {Rapid viscoelastic uplift in southeast Alaska caused by post-Little Ice Age glacial retreat},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {237},
	year = {2005},
	note = {968ijTimes Cited:109Cited References Count:44},
	month = {Sep 15},
	pages = {548-560},
	abstract = {Our observations show that extreme uplift in southeast Alaska began about 1770 AD, with relative sea level (RSL) change to 5.7 m and current uplift rates to 32 mm/yr. This region experienced widespread glacial melting following the Little Ice Age (LIA), with the collapse of the Glacier Bay Icefield alone equivalent to 8 mm of global sea level rise. Geodynamic modelling links the uplift to post-LIA isostatic rebound, with the extreme uplift signal and a priori knowledge of ice load changes requiring the presence of a low viscosity asthenosphere (3.7 X 10(18) Pa s). These crustal deformations are triggered by climate change through glacier wastage. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0012-821x},
	doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2005.06.032},
	author = {Larsen, C. F. and Motyka, R. J. and Freymueller, J. T. and Echelmeyer, K. A. and Ivins, E. R.}
}
@article {670,
	title = {Recent 2000-year geological records of mud in the inner shelf of the East China Sea and their climatic implications},
	journal = {Chinese Science Bulletin},
	volume = {50},
	year = {2005},
	note = {923yeTimes Cited:20Cited References Count:58},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {466-471},
	abstract = {AXIS(14)C dating and grain-size analysis for Core DD2, located at the north of the Yangtze River-derived mud off the Zhejiang-Fujian coasts in the inner shelf of the East China Sea, provide us a high-resolution grain-size distribution curve varying with depth and time. Data in the upper mud layer of Core DD2 indicate that there are at least 9 abrupt grain-size increasing in recent 2000 years, with each corresponding very well with the low-temperature events in Chinese history, which might result from the periodical strengthening of the East Asian Winter Monsoon (EAWM), including the first-revealed maximum temperature lowering event at around 990 a BP. At the same time, the finer grain size section in Core DD2 agrees well with the Sui-Tang Warming Period (600-1000 a AD) defined previously by Zhu Kezhen, during which the climate had a warm, cold and warm fluctuation, with a dominated cooling period of 750-850 a AD. The Little Ice Age (LIA) can also be identified in the core. It starts around 1450 a AD and was followed by a subsequent cooling events at 1510, 1670 and 1840 a AD. Timing of these cold events revealed here still needs to be further verified owing to some current uncertainty of dating we used in this study.},
	issn = {1001-6538},
	doi = {10.1360/03wd0571},
	author = {Xiao, S. B. and Li, A. C. and Jiang, F. Q. and Li, T. G. and Huang, P. and Xu, Z. K.}
}
@article {913,
	title = {Recent 8 ka mud records of the East Asian Winter Monsoon from the inner shelf of the East China Sea},
	journal = {Earth Science - Journal of China University of Geosciences},
	volume = {30},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 569},
	pages = {573-581},
	issn = {1000-2383},
	author = {Xiao, S. B. and Li, A. C. and Chen, M. H. and Liu, J. P. and Jiang, F. G. and Li, T. G. and Xie, Q. and Xiang, R. and Chen, Z.}
}
@article {603,
	title = {Sedimentation and carbon burial on the northern California continental shelf: the signatures of land-use change},
	journal = {Continental Shelf Research},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2005},
	note = {894cyTimes Cited:29Cited References Count:109},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {349-371},
	abstract = {The burial of organic carbon (OC) on continental margins is strongly coupled to the supply and accumulation of inorganic mineral particles. It follows that carbon burial on the margins should be impacted by changes in riverine sediment delivery, yet these impacts have not been well documented. In this study, an similar to2000-year record of sedimentation and carbon burial on the continental shelf offshore from the Eel River in northern California was examined. The record reveals a 6-11-fold increase in the rate of sediment accumulation on the mid-shelf beginning about 1955, and a concomitant decrease in grain size and increase in flood-layer preservation. At the same time. the age of buried wood fragments abruptly decreased and their stable carbon isotopic composition became enriched in C-13. We argue that these changes can be explained largely as the result of altered land use in the Eel watershed during the past century and its impacts on shelf sediment dispersal processes.Sedimentary OC on the Eel shelf consists primarily of discrete wood fragments associated with coarse-silt- and sandsized particles, and of organic matter strongly bound to clay-sized mineral grains. The clay fraction is a particularly sensitive recorder of environmental change in the Eel system. Above the 1995 horizon, the clay fraction shows an abrupt decrease in OC concentration and loading (OC content normalized to particle surface area) attendant with the increased accumulation rate. Kerogen carbon constitutes a relatively constant proportion of the clay-associated OC throughout the similar to2000-year record. Increases in mass wasting and input of bedrock material following the onset of intensive industrial logging in the Eel watershed may have resulted in a lower loading of terrestrial plant OC in the clay fraction deposited after 1955 as suggested by isotopic mass balance calculations.The Eel River is representative of small mountainous watersheds worldwide that deliver a major portion of the sediment and carbon flux to the margins and that have been strongly impacted by land-use change during the past century. Our results suggest that such changes leave a distinctive mark in both the sedimentological and geochemical records preserved offshore. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0278-4343},
	doi = {10.1016/j.csr.2004.09.015},
	author = {Leithold, E. L. and Perkey, D. W. and Blair, N. E. and Creamer, T. N.}
}
@article {683,
	title = {Subducting oceanic crust: The source of deep diamonds},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {33},
	year = {2005},
	note = {938hnTimes Cited:65Cited References Count:26},
	month = {Jul},
	pages = {565-568},
	abstract = {Inclusions of majoritic garnet in diamonds from the Jagersfontein kimberlite formed at unusually great depths of similar to 250 to > 500 km in the asthenosphere and transition zone. The original host rocks were derived from a much shallower, basaltic (eclogitic) source. The presence of negative Eu anomalies in all majoritic garnets requires a crustal origin, thereby linking these very deep diamond sources to subducting oceanic crust. The carbon isotope values (delta(13)C) of the host diamonds fall within a narrow range at similar to -20\%, which is fundamentally different from the broad range (-24\% to -2\%) and bimodal distribution of carbon isotopes of Jagersfontein diamonds that formed in the shallower lithosphere. This indicates that majoritic garnet-bearing diamonds at Jagersfontein inherited their light carbon isotopic composition directly from organic matter contained in a subducting slab. These diamonds were likely formed by direct conversion from graphite, well within the diamond stability field.},
	issn = {0091-7613},
	doi = {10.1130/G21637.1},
	author = {Tappert, R. and Stachel, T. and Harris, J. W. and Muehlenbachs, K. and Ludwig, T. and Brey, G. P.}
}
@article {699,
	title = {14C activity and global carbon cycle changes over the past 50,000 years},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {303},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Hughen, KLehman, SSouthon, JOverpeck, JMarchal, OHerring, CTurnbull, Jeng2004/01/13 05:00Science. 2004 Jan 9;303(5655):202-7.},
	month = {Jan 09},
	pages = {202-7},
	abstract = {A series of 14C measurements in Ocean Drilling Program cores from the tropical Cariaco Basin, which have been correlated to the annual-layer counted chronology for the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) ice core, provides a high-resolution calibration of the radiocarbon time scale back to 50,000 years before the present. Independent radiometric dating of events correlated to GISP2 suggests that the calibration is accurate. Reconstructed 14C activities varied substantially during the last glacial period, including sharp peaks synchronous with the Laschamp and Mono Lake geomagnetic field intensity minimal and cosmogenic nuclide peaks in ice cores and marine sediments. Simulations with a geochemical box model suggest that much of the variability can be explained by geomagnetically modulated changes in 14C production rate together with plausible changes in deep-ocean ventilation and the global carbon cycle during glaciation.},
	issn = {0036-8075 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1090300},
	author = {Hughen, K. and Lehman, S. and Southon, J. and Overpeck, J. and Marchal, O. and Herring, C. and Turnbull, J.}
}
@article {685,
	title = {Across-shelf sediment transport since the Last Glacial Maximum, southern California margin},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2004},
	note = {808fbTimes Cited:19Cited References Count:36},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {345-348},
	abstract = {Correlation of continental shelf-slope stratigraphy in Santa Monica Bay (southern California) with Ocean Drilling Program records for nearby slope-basin sites has illuminated the timing and scale of terrigenous sediment dispersal on margin since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Marine flooding surfaces preserved in a transgressive sequence on the Santa Monica Shelf provide a key link between base-level elevation and sediment transport across shelf. Sediment-accumulation rates at slope-basin sites were maximal ca. 15-10 ka, well after the LGM, decreased during the 12-9 ka transition from fluvial-estuarine to fully marine conditions on the shelf, and decelerated throughout the Holocene to 30\%-75\% of their values at the LGM. The deceleration is interpreted to manifest a landward shift in the margin depocenter with the onset of transgressive sedimentation beginning when sea level surmounted the shelf edge ca. 13 ka, as predicted by sequence-stratigraphic models. However, the records make clear that factors other than base level modulated slope-basin accumulation rates during the deglaciation.},
	issn = {0091-7613},
	doi = {10.1130/G20182.1},
	author = {Sommerfield, C. K. and Lee, H. J.}
}
@inbook {1404,
	title = {CA-SMI-548: A 9500 year old shell midden at Running Springs, San Miquel Island, California},
	booktitle = {Emerging from the Ice Age: Early Holocene Occupations on the Central California Coast},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 584},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {81-92},
	publisher = {San Luis Obispo County Archaeological Society Occasional Paper},
	organization = {San Luis Obispo County Archaeological Society Occasional Paper},
	author = {Erlandson, Jon M. and Rick, Torben C. and Vellanoweth, Rene L. and Largaespada, Tony},
	editor = {Bertrando, Ethan}
}
@article {2026,
	title = {Co2 and 3He in hydrothermal plumes: implications for mid-ocean ridge CO2 flux},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {226},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 1518},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {449-464},
	author = {Resing, Joseph A. and Lupton, John E. and Feely, Richard A. and Lilley, Marvin D.}
}
@article {2022,
	title = {Comments on potential geologic and seismic hazards affecting coastal Ventura County, CCalifornia},
	journal = {U. S. Geological Survey OFR 1004-1286},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 420},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {19 p.},
	author = {Ross, S. D. Boore and Fisher, M. and Frankel, A. and Geist, E. and Hudnut, K. and Kayen, R. and Lee, H. and Normark, W. R. and Wong, F.}
}
@article {2043,
	title = {The constancy of upper mantle fO2 through time inferred from V/Sc ratios in basalts},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {228},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 1580},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {483-493},
	author = {Li, Zheng-Xue Anser and Lee, Cin-Ty Aeolus}
}
@article {2028,
	title = {Controls on the variability of organic matter and dissolved inorganic carbon ages in northeast U.S. rivers},
	journal = {Marine Chemistry},
	volume = {92},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 967},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {353-366},
	author = {Raymond, P. A. and Bauer, J. E. and Caraco, N. F. and Cole, J. J. and Longworth, B. E. and Petsch, S. T.}
}
@article {626,
	title = {Decline of surface temperature and salinity in the western tropical Pacific Ocean in the Holocene epoch},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {431},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Stott, LowellCannariato, KevinThunell, RobertHaug, Gerald HKoutavas, AthanasiosLund, SteveengResearch Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Non-P.H.S.England2004/09/03 05:00Nature. 2004 Sep 2;431(7004):56-9.},
	month = {Sep 02},
	pages = {56-9},
	abstract = {In the present-day climate, surface water salinities are low in the western tropical Pacific Ocean and increase towards the eastern part of the basin. The salinity of surface waters in the tropical Pacific Ocean is thought to be controlled by a combination of atmospheric convection, precipitation, evaporation and ocean dynamics, and on interannual timescales significant variability is associated with the El Nino/Southern Oscillation cycles. However, little is known about the variability of the coupled ocean-atmosphere system on timescales of centuries to millennia. Here we combine oxygen isotope and Mg/Ca data from foraminifers retrieved from three sediment cores in the western tropical Pacific Ocean to reconstruct Holocene sea surface temperatures and salinities in the region. We find a decrease in sea surface temperatures of approximately 0.5 degrees C over the past 10,000 yr, whereas sea surface salinities decreased by approximately 1.5 practical salinity units. Our data imply either that the Pacific basin as a whole has become progressively less salty or that the present salinity gradient along the Equator has developed relatively recently.},
	issn = {0028-0836 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1038/nature02903},
	author = {Stott, L. and Cannariato, K. and Thunell, R. and Haug, G. H. and Koutavas, A. and Lund, S.}
}
@article {2012,
	title = {The eutrophication of Long Island Sound, abstract},
	journal = {EOS Trans. AGU},
	volume = {85},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 740},
	month = {2004},
	author = {Varekamp, J. C. and Lugolobi, F. and Thomas, E. and Mecray, E. and Buchholtz ten Brink, M. R.}
}
@article {2039,
	title = {Evaluation of ocean carbon cycle models with data-based metrics},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {31},
	year = {2004},
	note = {811adTimes Cited:110
Cited References Count:17
},
	month = {Apr 2},
	abstract = {New radiocarbon and chlorofluorocarbon-11 data from the World Ocean Circulation Experiment are used to assess a suite of 19 ocean carbon cycle models. We use the distributions and inventories of these tracers as quantitative metrics of model skill and find that only about a quarter of the suite is consistent with the new data-based metrics. This should serve as a warning bell to the larger community that not all is well with current generation of ocean carbon cycle models. At the same time, this highlights the danger in simply using the available models to represent the state-of-the-art modeling without considering the credibility of each model.},
	keywords = {anthropogenic co2, pacific-ocean, radiocarbon},
	isbn = {0094-8276},
	doi = {10.1029/2003GL018970},
	url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2\&amp;SrcAuth=Alerting\&amp;SrcApp=Alerting\&amp;DestApp=WOS\&amp;DestLinkType=FullRecord;UT=WOS:000220743900001},
	author = {Matsumoto, K. and Sarmiento, J. L. and Key, R. M. and Aumont, O. and Bullister, J. L. and Caldeira, K. and Campin, J. M. and Doney, S. C. and Drange, H. and Dutay, J. C. and Follows, M. and Gao, Y. and Gnanadesikan, A. and Gruber, N. and Ishida, A. and Joos, F. and Lindsay, K. and Maier-Reimer, E. and Marshall, J. C. and Matear, R. J. and Monfray, P. and Mouchet, A. and Najjar, R. and Plattner, G. K. and Schlitzer, R. and Slater, R. and Swathi, P. S. and Totterdell, I. J. and Weirig, M. F. and Yamanaka, Y. and Yool, A. and Orr, J. C.}
}
@article {484,
	title = {From bedrock to burial: the evolution of particulate organic carbon across coupled watershed-continental margin systems},
	journal = {Marine Chemistry},
	volume = {92},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 978; 882IA Times Cited:50 Cited References Count:118},
	pages = {141-156},
	abstract = {Deltas sequester nearly half of the organic carbon (OC) buried in the marine environment. The composition of the buried organic matter reflects both watershed and seabed processes. A conceptual model is presented that describes the evolution of particulate organic carbon (POC) as it travels from its terrestrial source to its burial at sea. Alterations to the POC occur primarily in bioactive reservoirs, such as soils and the surface mixed layer (SML) of the seabed, where new organic matter can be added and older material degraded. Bypassing or rapid passage through the reservoirs is a key parameter because it avoids change. The Eel River of northern California and the Amazon River systems illustrate the importance of reservoir transit time and storage in determining the character of POC delivered to the continental margin. The Eel exemplifies a bypass system. Mass-wasting processes on land deliver unaltered bedrock along with OC derived from extant vegetation directly to the river channel without significant storage in soils. Rapid burial on the shelf occurs as a result of flood events. As a consequence, the buried material appears to be a simple mixture of carbon derived from kerogen (bedrock C), and modem terrestrial and marine sources. This is predicted to be a characteristic of the many similar short rivers on active margins that supply >40\% of the fluvial sediment to the world{\textquoteright}s ocean. Extensive storage and processing of OC in lowland soils is a characteristic of the large Amazon watershed. Upland POC compositions are either overprinted or replaced by lowland sources. Upon delivery to the shelf, over half of the riverine POC is lost as a result of residence in sediment layers that are periodically reworked over time scales of days to months. The addition of fresh reactive marine OC, exposure to oxygen, and the regeneration of metal oxidants during resuspension events fuel the oxidation of the niverme organic matter. The nature of the watershed-shelf processes likely produce a complex mixture of organics possessing a continuum of ages and reactivities. The model illustrates the need to develop tools to measure residence times of particles in the various reservoirs so that the behavior of POC can be calibrated as it moves through a sedimentary system. The ultimate goal is to be able to use the organic geochemistry of soils and sediments to quantitatively infer the history of processes that determine both the composition and amount of POC present in different depositional environments. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0304-4203},
	doi = {10.1016/J.Marchem.2004.06.023},
	author = {Blair, N. E. and Leithold, E. L. and Aller, R. C.}
}
@article {2045,
	title = {A global ocean carbon climatology: Results from global data analysis project (GLODAP)},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 527},
	month = {2004},
	author = {Kay, R. M. and Kozyr, A. and Sabine, C. L. and Lee, K. and Wanninkhof, R. and Bullister, J. L. and Feely, R. A. and Millero, F. J. and Mordy, C. and Peng, T. H.}
}
@article {2041,
	title = {Holocene development of the Yellow River{\textquoteright}s subaqueous delta, North Yellow Sea},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {209},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 650},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {45-67},
	author = {Liu, J. P. and Milliman, J. D. and Gao, S. and Cheng, P.}
}
@article {655,
	title = {Hydrologic variation during the last 170,000 years in the southern hemisphere tropics of South America},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {61},
	year = {2004},
	note = {776jhTimes Cited:98Cited References Count:43},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {95-104},
	abstract = {Despite the hypothesized importance of the tropics in the global climate system, few tropical paleoclimatic records extend to periods earlier than the last glacial maximum (LGM), about 20,000 years before present. We present a well-dated 170,000-year time series of hydrologic variation from the southern hemisphere tropics of South America that extends from modem times through most of the penultimate glacial period. Alternating mud and salt units in a core from Salar de Uyuni, Bolivia reflect alternations between wet and dry periods. The most striking feature of the sequence is that the duration of paleolakes increased in the late Quaternary. This change may reflect increased precipitation, geomorphic or tectonic processes that affected basin hydrology, or some combination of both. The dominance of salt between 170,000 and 140,000 yr ago indicates that much of the penultimate glacial period was dry, in contrast to wet conditions in the LGM. Our analyses also suggest that the relative influence of insolation forcing on regional moisture budgets may have been stronger during the past 50,000 years than in earlier times. (C) 2003 University of Washington. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2003.08.007},
	author = {Fritz, S. C. and Baker, P. A. and Lowenstein, T. K. and Seltzer, G. O. and Rigsby, C. A. and Dwyer, G. S. and Tapia, P. M. and Arnold, K. K. and Ku, T. L. and Luo, S. D.}
}
@conference {1730,
	title = {The paleo-environmental history of Long Island Sound as traced by organic carbon, biogenic silica and stable isotope/trace element studies in sediment cores},
	booktitle = {6th Biennual LIS Res. Conf. Proc.},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 1174},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {109-113},
	author = {Varekamp, J. C. and Thomas, E. and Lugolobi, F. and Buchholtz ten Brink, M. R.}
}
@article {627,
	title = {Photosynthetic microbial mats in the 3,416-Myr-old ocean},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {431},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Tice, Michael MLowe, Donald RengResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}tResearch Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Non-P.H.S.England2004/10/01 05:00Nature. 2004 Sep 30;431(7008):549-52.},
	month = {Sep 30},
	pages = {549-52},
	abstract = {Recent re-evaluations of the geological record of the earliest life on Earth have led to the suggestion that some of the oldest putative microfossils and carbonaceous matter were formed through abiotic hydrothermal processes. Similarly, many early Archaean (more than 3,400-Myr-old) cherts have been reinterpreted as hydrothermal deposits rather than products of normal marine sedimentary processes. Here we present the results of a field, petrographic and geochemical study testing these hypotheses for the 3,416-Myr-old Buck Reef Chert, South Africa. From sedimentary structures and distributions of sand and mud, we infer that deposition occurred in normal open shallow to deep marine environments. The siderite enrichment that we observe in deep-water sediments is consistent with a stratified early ocean. We show that most carbonaceous matter was formed by photosynthetic mats within the euphotic zone and distributed as detrital matter by waves and currents to surrounding environments. We find no evidence that hydrothermal processes had any direct role in the deposition of either the carbonaceous matter or the enclosing sediments. Instead, we conclude that photosynthetic organisms had evolved and were living in a stratified ocean supersaturated in dissolved silica 3,416 Myr ago.},
	issn = {0028-0836 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1038/nature02888},
	author = {Tice, M. M. and Lowe, D. R.}
}
@article {2010,
	title = {Plans for Expanded 14C Analyses at the NOSAMS Facility--a status and progress report. 9th International Conference on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Nagoya, Japan, 9/2002},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research},
	volume = {B 223-224},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 1810},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {50-54},
	author = {von Reden, K. and Donoghue, J. and Elder, K. and Gagnon, A. and Gerlach, D. and Griffin, V. S. and Healy, R. and Long, P. and McNichol, A. P. and Percy, D. and Roberts, M. L. and Schneider, R. J. and Xu, L. and Hayes, J.}
}
@conference {1760,
	title = {Radiocarbon ages of marine bimarkers and co-occurring foraminifera: evidence for differential particle transport on continental margins, Poster},
	booktitle = {Eighth International Conference on Palaeoceanography},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 549},
	month = {2004},
	address = {Biarritz, France},
	author = {Mollenhauer, Gesine and Eglinton, Timothy I. and Hayes, John M. and Kienast, Markus and Lamy, Frank and Meggers, Helge and Schneider, Ralph R.}
}
@article {2042,
	title = {Reconsidering Melt-water Pulses 1A and 1B: Global impacts of rapid sea-level rise},
	journal = {Journal of Ocean University of China},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 649},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {183-190},
	author = {Liu, J. P. and Milliman, J. D.}
}
@article {280,
	title = {Sensitivity of present and future surface temperatures to precipitation characteristics},
	journal = {Climate Research},
	volume = {28},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 1696},
	pages = {53-65},
	abstract = {A model simulation study shows that different diurnal cycles of precipitation are consistent with radically different present and future climate characteristics. In projected future climate scenarios, divergence in the time of day and type of precipitation had very divergent impacts on the radiation balance and consequently on surface temperatures. The relationship between the diurnal cycle of precipitation versus the present and future climate was examined using the GISS-MM5 (Goddard Institute for Space Studies Mesoscale Model 5) regional climate modeling system with 2 alternative moist convection schemes. June-August (JJA) mean surface temperatures of the 1990s, 2050s, and 2080s were simulated over the eastern US on a double nested 108/36 km domain, with the 36 km domain centered over the eastern US. In the 1990s, one model version simulated maxima in (convective) precipitation during the early morning, while the second model simulated the hour of precipitation maxima with considerable spatial variability (in better agreement with observations). In the futuristic climate scenarios, differences in the time of day of precipitation had very important impacts on the radiation balance at the surface. One version gave more precipitation at night and fewer clouds during the day, promoting higher surface temperatures. The alternative version created more precipitation during the day, consistent with diminished absorption of solar radiation at the surface and consequently lower surface temperatures. The results demonstrate the importance of improving cumulus parameterizations in regional mesoscale and global climate models and suggest that such improvements would lead to greater confidence in model projections of climate change.},
	doi = {10.3354/cr028053},
	author = {Lynn, Barry H. and Druyan, Leonard and Hogrefe, Christian and Dudhia, Jimy and Rosenzweig, Cynthia and Goldberg, Richard and Rind, David and Healy, Richard and Rosenthal, Joyce and Kinney, Patrick}
}
@article {865,
	title = {Stable carbon isotope ratios in lake and swamp sediments as a proxy for prehistoric forest clearance and crop cultivation in the Neotropics},
	journal = {Journal of Paleolimnology},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2004},
	note = {881ycTimes Cited:30Cited References Count:36},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {375-381},
	abstract = {Close correspondence between stable carbon isotope ratios (delta(13)C), pollen, and charcoal profiles in sediment cores from Laguna Zoncho and Machita swamp, Costa Rica, shows that prehistoric forest clearance and crop cultivation can be detected in the stable carbon isotope ratios of total organic carbon (delta(13)C(TOC)). Analyses of delta(13)C(TOC) complement evidence from pollen, charcoal, and phytoliths and provide a proxy that is sensitive to the intensity and/or proximity to core sites of prehistoric forest clearance and agriculture in watersheds. Stable carbon isotope analyses are particularly useful in situations in which other evidence of forest clearance and agriculture is limited.},
	issn = {0921-2728},
	doi = {10.1007/s10933-004-0259-x},
	author = {Lane, C. S. and Horn, S. P. and Mora, C. I.}
}
@article {2047,
	title = {Temporal variability of Delta 14C, delta13C, and C/N in sinking particulate organic matter at a deep time series station in the northeast Pacific Ocean},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 531},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {1-9},
	author = {Hwang, Jeomshik and Druffel, Ellen R. M. and Griffin, Sheila and L, Smith Kenneth, Jr. and Baldwin, Roberta J. and Bauer, James E.}
}
@conference {1820,
	title = {The use of stable carbon isotopes in foraminiferal calcite to trace changes in biological oxygen demand in Long Island Sound},
	booktitle = {6th Biennual LIS Res. Conf. Proc.},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 723},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {47-51},
	author = {Lugolobi, F. and Varekamp, J. C. and Thomas, E. and Buchholtz ten Brink, M. R.}
}
@article {628,
	title = {Variable ageing and storage of dissolved organic components in the open ocean},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {430},
	year = {2004},
	note = {847daTimes Cited:93Cited References Count:30},
	month = {Aug 19},
	pages = {877-881},
	abstract = {Seawater dissolved organic matter (DOM) is the largest reservoir of exchangeable organic carbon in the ocean, comparable in quantity to atmospheric carbon dioxide(1,2). The composition, turnover times and fate of all but a few planktonic constituents of this material are, however, largely unknown(3,4). Models of ocean carbon cycling are thus limited by the need for information on temporal scales of carbon storage in DOM subcomponents, produced via the {\textquoteright}biological pump{\textquoteright}, relative to their recycling by bacteria(3,4). Here we show that carbohydrate- and protein-like substances in the open Atlantic and Pacific oceans, though often significantly aged, comprise younger fractions of the DOM, whereas dissolved lipophilic material exhibits up to similar to90 per cent fossil character. In contrast to the millennial mean ages of DOM observed throughout the water column, weighted mean turnover times of DOM in the surface ocean are only decadal in magnitude. An observed size-age continuum further demonstrates that small dissolved molecules are the most highly aged forms of organic matter, cycling much more slowly than larger, younger dissolved and particulate precursors, and directly links oceanic organic matter age and size with reactivity(3,5).},
	issn = {0028-0836},
	doi = {10.1038/nature02780},
	author = {Loh, A. N. and Bauer, J. E. and Druffel, E. R. M.}
}
@article {2417,
	title = {Vegetation and climate changes around the Lama Lake, Taymyr Peninsula, Russia during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene},
	journal = {HIgh resolution lake sediment records in climate and Environment variability studies:European lake drilling program},
	volume = {122},
	year = {2004},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {69 - 84},
	abstract = {A continuous lacustrine sequence from the western part of Lama Lake (69{\textdegree}32'N, 90{\textdegree}12'E), complemented by a peat sequence from the lake catchment provides the first detailed environmental reconstruction for the Late Glacial and Holocene on the Taymyr Peninsula. Scarce steppe-like communities with Artemisia, Poaceae, and Cyperaceae dominated during the Late Glacial. Tundra-like communities with Betula nana, Dryas, and Salix grew on more mesic sites. There are distinct climatic signals, which may be correlated with the B{\o}lling and Aller{\o}d warming and Middle and Younger Dryas cooling. The Late Glacial/Preboreal transition, at about 10,000 14C yr BP, was characterized by changes from predominantly open herb communities to shrub tundra ones. Larch forest might have been established as early as 9700{\textendash}9600 14C yr BP, whilst shrub alder came to the area ca 9500{\textendash}9400 14C yr BP, and spruce did not reach area before ca 9200 14C yr BP. Spruce-larch forests with shrub alder and tree birch dominated the vegetation around the Lama Lake from ca 9000 14C yr BP. Dwarf birch communities were also broadly distributed. The role of spruce in the forest gradually decreased after 4500 14C yr BP. The vegetation cover in the Lama Lake area became similar to the modern larch-spruce forest ca 2500 14C yr BP. A pollen-based biome reconstruction supports a quantitative interpretation of the pollen spectra. Climate reconstructions obtained with information-statistical and plan-functional-type methods show very similar trends in reconstructed July temperature since ca 12,300 14C yr BP, while precipitation anomalies are less coherent, especially during the Late Glacial{\textendash}Holocene transition.},
	isbn = {1040-6182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2004.01.032},
	author = {Andreev, A.A. and Tarasov, P.E. and Klimanov, V.A. and Melles, M. and Lisitsyna, O.M. and Hubberten, H.-W.}
}
@conference {1544,
	title = {14C activity and global carbon cycle changes over the past 50,000 years},
	booktitle = {Abstracts, 18th International Radiocarbon Conf.},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 1079},
	month = {2003},
	address = {Wellington, NZ},
	author = {Hughen, K. A. and Lehman, S. J. and Southon, J. and Overpeck, J. T. and Marchal, O. and Herring, C. and Turnbull, J.}
}
@conference {1554,
	title = {Alkenone radiocarbon stratigraphy at high resolution continental margin sites},
	booktitle = {EGS-AGU-EUG Joint Assembly},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 1071},
	month = {2003},
	address = {Nice, France},
	author = {Mollenhauer, Gesine and Eglinton, Timothy I. and Freudenthal, Tim and Lamy, Frank}
}
@article {2065,
	title = {The amplitude and phasing of climate change during the last deglaciation in the Sulu Sea, western equatorial Pacific},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {30},
	year = {2003},
	note = {677zxTimes Cited:122
Cited References Count:18
},
	month = {Apr 22},
	abstract = {[1] Variations in tropical sea surface temperature patterns and the phasing relative to climate change in higher-latitudes provide insight into the mechanisms of climate change on both orbital and shorter time-scales. Here, we present well-dated, high-resolution records of planktonic foraminiferal delta(18)O and Mg/Ca-based SST spanning the last deglaciation from the Sulu Sea, located in the western equatorial Pacific. The results indicate that the last glacial maximum was 2.3 +/- 0.5degreesC cooler than present in the Sulu Sea with a concomitant decrease in sea surface salinity. The similarity between variations in surface salinity in the Sulu Sea, the western and eastern equatorial Pacific, and the Greenland ice-core record suggests that the observed changes in salinity reflect large-scale rearrangement of atmospheric patterns, which were coherent and synchronous throughout the Northern Hemisphere. The results suggest that the glacial equatorial Pacific climate was strongly influenced by both tropical, and extra-tropical forcing, although it is not clear whether interannual (ENSO) variability is a good analogue of glacial-interglacial climate change.},
	keywords = {china, enso, level, monsoon, record, surface temperature},
	isbn = {0094-8276},
	doi = {10.1029/2002GL016612},
	author = {Rosenthal, Y. and Oppo, D. W. and Linsley, B. K.}
}
@conference {1563,
	title = {Ancient organic matter sources to the Hudson-Mohawk River system: implications of riverine transport of ancient organic matter for the global biogeochemical},
	booktitle = {American Geophysical Union (AGU)},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 1027},
	month = {2003},
	address = {San Francisco, CA},
	author = {Longworth, B. E. and Raymond, P. A. and Petsch, S. T.}
}
@article {938,
	title = {An assessment of the Late Holocene record of severe storm impacts from Lake Shelby, Alabama},
	journal = {Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions},
	volume = {53},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 1111},
	pages = {443-452},
	abstract = {The historical record of severe storms on the Gulf Coast extends back only about 100 years. To better predict how the Gulf Coast will be impacted by future climate change and associated changes in storm frequency it is necessary to extend the severe storm record back to the time when global climate was different than today. A 3200-year record of severe storm impacts was reported from Lake Shelby, AL, using sand layers as proxies of storm intensity and frequency (Liu and Fearn, 1993). To enhance the understanding of the Lake Shelby environment and changes that may occur during severe storms seismic data, water chemistry profiles, sediment cores, radiocarbon dates, and geochemical measurements were obtained. The results indicate that Lake Shelby is a stratified lake in terms of salinity and dissolved oxygen. The lake floor is composed of two general lithologies, gyttja located below about 2 m water depth, and sand located along the entire perimeter of the lake. Radiocarbon dates and stable isotope data indicate that the lake was a brackish water lagoon prior to 80014C yrs BP when it became isolated and transformed into a lacustrine environment. Interpretation of sand layers recognized in sediment cores from Lake Shelby as indicators of severe storms may be ambiguous. New data suggest that severe-storm records based on geochemical stratigraphy may provide higher resolution and confidence than conventional overwash techniques.},
	author = {Lambert, W. Joe and Aharon, Paul and Rodriguez, Antonio B.}
}
@article {2437,
	title = {Biomass burning and oceanic primary production estimates in the Sulu Sea area over the last 380 kyr and the East Asian monsoon dynamics},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {201},
	year = {2003},
	note = {Symposium on Asian Monsoons and Global Linkages on Milankovitch and Sub-Milankovitch Time ScalesMAY 09-11, 2001
BEIJING, PEOPLES R CHINA
70
},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {53-65},
	abstract = {Coccolithophorid assemblages and micro-charcoal content were analysed in giant piston core MD97-2141 recovered in the Sulu Sea (Philippines). These proxies help to reconstruct respectively the dynamics of the oceanic primary production (PP) and biomass burning in that area. PP in the Sulu Sea intensifies during the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) and therefore PP constitutes a proxy for EAWM dynamics. Most of the precipitation in the Sulu Sea region occurs during the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM). Because the intensity of biomass burning is related to dryness of the surrounding area, the sedimentary micro-charcoal content can be used as an inverse proxy for EASM intensity. Our results show that the EAWM intensifies during glacial times in agreement with previous studies. Precessional forcing appears to act directly on EAWN because of the early response of PP in that frequency band. The micro-charcoal record exhibits complex dynamics, which we attribute to the competing influence of the long-term El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-like forcing and the glacial/interglacial cycle on EASM. These influences create an unusual frequency spectrum with power around 30 kyr and 19 kyr attributed to the non-linear response to the 100-kyr cycle (glacial) and the 23-kyr (ENSO) cycle. A factor of two increase in the amplitude of the micro-charcoal variability between 51 and 10 ka BP could correspond to Homo sapiens biomass burning in the style of the fire-stick farming of the Australian Aborigines. We also find, on precession cycles, an opposite phase between EASM and EAWM records and an advance of -delta(18)O and delta(18)O respectively by 2000 yr. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {arabian sea, atlantic, climatic-change, EARLY HOLOCENE, EQUATORIAL, fire, GLACIAL MAXIMUM, indian-ocean, late pleistocene, Late Quaternary, monsoon, nannoplankton, Pleistocene, SOUTH CHINA, Sulu Sea, WEST-JAVA},
	isbn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/S0025-3227(03)00208-1},
	author = {Beaufort, L. and de Garidel-Thoron, T. and Linsley, B. and Oppo, D. and Buchet, N.}
}
@article {2085,
	title = {Calcium carbonate budget in the Atlantic Ocean based on water column inorganic carbon chemistry},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2003},
	note = {732egTimes Cited:44
Cited References Count:73
},
	month = {Oct 9},
	abstract = {[1] Recent independent lines of evidence suggest that the dissolution of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles is substantial in the upper ocean above the calcite 100\% saturation horizon. This shallow-water dissolution of carbonate particles is in contrast with the current paradigm of the conservative nature of pelagic CaCO3 at shallow water depths. Here we use more than 20,000 sets of carbon measurements in conjunction with CFC and C-14 data from the WOCE/JGOFS/OACES global CO2 survey to estimate in situ dissolution rates of CaCO3 in the Atlantic Ocean. A dissolution rate is estimated from changes in alkalinity as a parcel of water ages along an isopycnal surface. The in situ CaCO3 dissolution increases rapidly at the aragonite 100\% saturation horizon. Estimated dissolution rates north of 40degreesN are generally higher than the rates to the south, which is partly attributable to the production of exported CaCO3 being higher in the North Atlantic than in the South Atlantic. As more CaCO3 particles move down the water column, more particles are available for in situ dissolution. The total water column CaCO3 dissolution rate in the Atlantic Ocean is determined on an annual basis by integrating estimated dissolution rates throughout the entire water column and correcting for alkalinity input of approximately 5.6 x 10(12) mol C yr(-1) from CaCO3-rich sediments. The resulting water column dissolution rate of CaCO3 for the Atlantic Ocean is approximately 11.1 x 10(12) mol C yr(-1). This corresponds to about 31\% of a recent estimate (35.8 x 10(12) mol C yr(-1)) of net CaCO3 production by Lee [2001] for the same area. Our calculation using a large amount of high-quality water column alkalinity data provides the first basin-scale estimate of the CaCO3 budget for the Atlantic Ocean.},
	keywords = {alkalinity, anthropogenic co2, caco3 dissolution, calcium carbonate budget, chemical lysocline, Deep-sea, dioxide system, dissociation-constants, dissolution kinetics, dissolution of calcium carbonate, eastern north-atlantic, ocean carbon cycle, organic-carbon, pacific-ocean, saturation state of seawater},
	isbn = {0886-6236},
	doi = {10.1029/2002GB002001},
	author = {Chung, S. N. and Lee, K. and Feely, R. A. and Sabine, C. L. and Millero, F. J. and Wanninkhof, R. and Bullister, J. L. and Key, R. M. and Peng, T. H.}
}
@conference {1583,
	title = {Carbon cycling in Long Island Sound over the last 1000 years},
	booktitle = {AGU, Fall meeting},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 1179},
	month = {2003},
	address = {San Francisco, CA},
	author = {Lugolobi, F. and Varekamp, J. C. and Thomas, E. and Buchholtz ten Brink, M. L. and Mecray, E.}
}
@article {826,
	title = {Composition and syngeneity of molecular fossils from the 2.78 to 2.45 billion-year-old Mount Bruce Supergroup, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia},
	journal = {Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {67},
	year = {2003},
	note = {741dvTimes Cited:124Cited References Count:102},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {4289-4319},
	abstract = {Shales of very low metamorphic grade from the 2.78 to 2.45 billion-year-old (Ga) Mount Bruce Supergroup, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia, were analyzed for solvent extractable hydrocarbons. Samples were collected from ten drill cores and two mines in a sampling area centered in the Hamersley Basin near Wittenoom and ranging 200 km to the southeast, 100 km to the southwest and 70 km to the northwest. Almost all analyzed kerogenous sedimentary rocks yielded solvent extractable organic matter. Concentrations of total saturated hydrocarbons were commonly in the range of 1 to 20 ppm ( mug/g rock) but reached maximum values of 1000 ppm. The abundance of aromatic hydrocarbons was similar to1 to 30 ppm. Analysis of the extracts by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and GC-MS metastable reaction monitoring (MRM) revealed the presence of n-alkanes, mid- and end-branched monomethylalkanes, omega-cyclohexylalkanes, acyclic isoprenoids, diamondoids, tri- to pentacyclic terpanes, steranes, aromatic steroids and polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Neither plant biomarkers nor hydrocarbon distributions indicative of Phanerozoic contamination were detected. The host kerogens of the hydrocarbons were depleted in C-13 by 2 to 21parts per thousand relative to n-alkanes, a pattern typical of, although more extreme than, other Precambrian samples. Acyclic isoprenoids showed carbon isotopic depletion relative to n-alkanes and concentrations of 2alpha-methylhopanes were relatively high, features rarely observed in the Phanerozoic but characteristic of many other Precambrian bitumens. Molecular parameters, including sterane and hopane ratios at their apparent thermal maxima, condensate-like alkane profiles, high mono- and triaromatic steroid maturity parameters, high methyladamantane and methyldiamantane indices and high methylphenanthrene maturity ratios, indicate thermal maturities in the wet-gas generation zone. Additionally, extracts from shales associated with iron ore deposits at Tom Price and Newman have unusual polyaromatic hydrocarbon patterns indicative of pyrolytic dealkylation.The saturated hydrocarbons and biomarkers in bitumens from the Fortescue and Hamersley Groups are characterized as {\textquoteright}probably syngenetic with their Archean host rock{\textquoteright} based on their typical Precambrian molecular and isotopic composition, extreme maturities that appear consistent with the thermal history of the host sediments, the absence of biomarkers diagnostic of Phanerozoic age, the absence of younger petroleum source rocks in the basin and the wide geographic distribution of the samples. Aromatic hydrocarbons detected in shales associated with iron ore deposits at Mt Tom Price and Mt Whaleback are characterized as {\textquoteright}clearly Archean{\textquoteright} based on their hypermature composition and covalent bonding to kerogen. Copyright (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd.},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00208-4},
	author = {Brocks, J. J. and Buick, R. and Logan, G. A. and Summons, R. E.}
}
@conference {1594,
	title = {Compound specific radiocarbon dating of alkenones: methodological considerations and applications in paleoceanography},
	booktitle = {18th International Radiocarbon Conference},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 1070},
	month = {2003},
	address = {Wellington, New Zealand},
	author = {Mollenhauer, Gesine and Eglinton, Timothy I. and Schneider, Ralph R. and Meggers, Helge and Lamy, Frank and Ohkouchi, Nao and Hayes, John M.}
}
@article {2069,
	title = {Deep sea records from the southeast Labrador Ocean circulation changes and ice-rafting events during hte last 160,000 years},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 989},
	month = {2003},
	author = {Rasmussen, T. L. and Oppo, D. W. and Thompson, E. and Lehman, S. J.}
}
@article {2084,
	title = {East Asian monsoon forcing of suborbital variability in the Sulu Sea during Marine Isotope Stage 3: Link to Northern Hemisphere climate},
	journal = {Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2003},
	note = {631mwTimes Cited:41
Cited References Count:53
},
	month = {Jan 2},
	abstract = {[1] We have generated a new high-resolution record of variations in planktonic foraminiferal oxygen isotopes (delta(18)O) and Mg/Ca from a sediment core (IMAGES 97-2141) in the Sulu Sea located in the Philippine archipelago of western tropical Pacific. This record reveals distinct, suborbital-scale delta(18)O changes, most notably during Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3) (similar to30,000 to 60,000 years B.P.). The amplitudes of these delta(18)O fluctuations (0.4 to 0.7parts per thousand) exceed that which can be attributed to sea level changes and must be due to changes in sea surface conditions. In the same interval, variations in planktonic foraminifera Mg/Ca suggest that suborbital surface ocean temperature variations of 1 to 1.5degreesC in the Sulu Sea were not in phase with delta(18)O. Combined, this evidence indicates that the MIS3 millennial delta(18)O events in the Sulu Sea were primarily the result of changes in surface water salinity, which today is directly related to the East Asian Monsoon (EAM) and its influence on the balance between surface water contributions from the South China Sea and Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP). Within dating uncertainties the MIS3 Sulu Sea delta(18)O suborbital variability indicates that times of fresher surface conditions in the Sulu Sea coincide with similar conditions in the WPWP [Stott et al., 2002] and also with intensifications of the summer EAM as recorded in the U-Th dated Chinese (Hulu Cave) speleothem delta(18)O record [Wang et al., 2001] and thus by inference with interstadials in the Greenland Ice core records. Combined, these results indicate that pronounced suborbital variability in the summer EAM and Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) during MIS3 was tightly coupled with climate conditions in the northern high latitudes.},
	keywords = {1620 global change : climate dynamics (3309), 4267 oceanography : general : paleoceanography, dissolution, equatorial pacific, eurasian snow cover, isotope stage 3, last glacial period, late pleistocene, Mg/Ca, millennial-scale climate change, oxygen isotopes, paleoceanography, planktonic-foraminifera, records, se asian monsoon, south china sea, summer monsoon, surface temperature-variations},
	isbn = {1525-2027},
	doi = {10.1029/2002GC000390},
	author = {Dannenmann, S. and Linsley, B. K. and Oppo, D. W. and Rosenthal, Y. and Beaufort, L.}
}
@article {951,
	title = {Glacial-interglacial dynamics of the eastern equatorial Pacific cold tongue Intertropical Convergence Zone system reconstructed from oxygen isotope records},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2003},
	note = {756nfTimes Cited:56Cited References Count:100},
	month = {Dec 4},
	abstract = {We use planktonic oxygen isotope (delta(18)O) records spanning the last 30,000 years (kyr) to constrain the magnitude and spatial pattern of glacial cooling in the upwelling environment of the eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP). Fourteen new downcore delta(18)O records were obtained from surface-dwelling planktonic foraminifera Globigerinoides sacculifer and Globigerinoides ruber in eight cores from the upwelling tongue of the EEP. All sites have sedimentation rates exceeding 5 cm/kyr and, with one exception, lie above the modern depth of the foraminiferal lysocline. Sites directly underlying the cool band of upwelling immediately south of the equator record mean late Holocene (LH)-Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) delta(18)O amplitudes ranging between 1.0 and 1.3parts per thousand. We estimate that mean sea surface temperatures (SST) in this region during the LGM were on average 1.5 +/- 0.5degreesC lower than the LH. Larger delta(18)O amplitudes are observed in sites north of the equator, indicating a spatial pattern of reduced meridional SST gradient across the equator during the LGM. This result is supported by comparison of Mg/Ca SST reconstructions from two sites straddling the equator. We interpret the reduction of this gradient during the LGM as evidence for a less intense cold tongue-Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) frontal system, a more southerly position of the ITCZ, and weaker southeast equatorial trades in the EEP.},
	issn = {0883-8305},
	doi = {10.1029/2003PA000894},
	author = {Koutavas, A. and Lynch-Stieglitz, J.}
}
@article {2063,
	title = {Global MORB chemistry compilation at the segment scale},
	journal = {Database available at http://www.petdb.org.},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 1600},
	month = {2003},
	author = {Su, Y. and Langmuir, C. H.}
}
@article {1023,
	title = {High-temperature seafloor hydrothermal circulation over geologic time and archean banded iron formations},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {30},
	year = {2003},
	note = {669jkTimes Cited:5Cited References Count:31},
	month = {Apr 9},
	pages = {1-44},
	abstract = {Under the assumption of simple plate tectonics with a range of continental growth scenarios, we construct models of global lithospheric heat loss, hydrothermal heat loss and hydrothermal iron flux to the ocean as functions of geologic time from 4.0 Ga to present. The models show that lithospheric heat loss scales with the square root of the plate creation rate, whereas hydrothermal heat loss scales linearly with that rate. Thus during the Archean lithospheric and hydrothermal heat losses were approximate to3 and approximate to10 times greater than present, respectively. Straightforward extrapolation of hydrothermal Fe flux from the present to the Archean using these models indicates that hydrothermal Fe may not have been sufficient to supply the large Superior-type Banded Iron Formations deposited between 2.7 and 1.8 Ga.},
	issn = {0094-8276},
	doi = {10.1029/2002GL016536},
	author = {Lowell, R. P. and Keller, S. M.}
}
@article {937,
	title = {Late-Quaternary cold events recorded in the Southern Ocean sediments, Pacific Sector},
	journal = {Terra Antartica},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 1000},
	pages = {100-105},
	author = {Langone, L. and Capotondi, L. and Giglio, F. and Focaccia, P. and C, Morigi and Ravaioli, M.}
}
@article {642,
	title = {Magnitude and variability of Holocene sediment accumulation in Santa Monica Bay, California},
	journal = {Mar Environ Res},
	volume = {56},
	year = {2003},
	note = {Sommerfield, Christopher KLee, Homa JengResearch Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Non-P.H.S.England2003/03/22 04:00Mar Environ Res. 2003 Jul-Aug;56(1-2):151-76.},
	month = {Jul-Aug},
	pages = {151-76},
	abstract = {The spatial variability of Holocene (past 10,000 years) sediment accumulation in Santa Monica Bay (California) was examined to identify controls sediment trapping in a bathymetrically complex coastal embayment and to provide geologic context for the post-industrial sedimentary record and associated pollution gradients. Sediment chronologies based on downcore AMS 14C dates were used to quantify long-term (millennia) accumulation rates in an effort to elucidate particle-transport pathways and sinks. Sediment accumulation rates for the full range of bayfloor environments (50-630 m water depths) range from 22 to 102 mg/cm(2)/year (15-88 mm/100 year), have an overall mean of 51+/-21 mg/cm(2)/year (1 sigma, n=11), and are comparable to rates reported for adjacent borderland basins. Maximal accumulation rates on the Malibu shelf and within a reentrant to Redondo canyon are interpreted to reflect (1) proximity to sediment sources and (2) localized oceanographic and topographic conditions conducive to sediment trapping and deposition. The 14C-derived accumulation rates are 2-10 times lower than rates determined through (210)Pb geochronology for the same sites in a related study, revealing that Holocene sediment accumulation has been non-steady-state. Santa Monica Bay is an important sink for suspended matter; averaged over the past several millennia a mass of sediment equivalent to 10-80\% of the modern annual river supply is sequestered yearly. Net influx of suspended matter derived from the adjacent Palos Verdes shelf is evinced by a concentration gradient of p,p{\textquoteright}-DDE in bayfloor sediments, whereas the distribution of anthropogenic silver suggests transport from Santa Monica shelf to the southeastern boundary of the bay. The results of this study provide new insight to the long-term fates of particulate matter in Los Angeles coastal waters.},
	issn = {0141-1136 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1016/S0141-1136(02)00329-X},
	author = {Sommerfield, C. K. and Lee, H. J.}
}
@book {1380,
	title = {Mantle Volatiles--Distribution and Consequences},
	series = {Treatise on Geochemistry},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 1597},
	month = {2003},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
	organization = {Elsevier Ltd},
	address = {Oxford},
	author = {Luth, R. W.},
	editor = {Turekian, K. K.}
}
@article {1358,
	title = {Map and data for Quaternary faults and folds in Washington State},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 997},
	month = {2003},
	author = {Lidke, D. J. and Johnson, S. Y. and McCory, P. A. and Personius, S. F. and Nelson, A. R. and Dart, R. L. and Bradley, L. A. and Haller, K. M. and Machette, M. N.}
}
@article {2072,
	title = {Paleoenvironmental inferences from core Anta95-1 (Granite Harobr, Sw Ross Sea-Antarctica)},
	journal = {Terra Antarctica reports},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 1001},
	month = {2003},
	pages = {133-138},
	author = {Orsini, G. and Giglio, F. and Langone, L. and Ravaioli, M.}
}
@article {2076,
	title = {Persistence of Gulf Stream separation during the Last Glacial Period: Implications for current separation theories},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans},
	volume = {108},
	year = {2003},
	note = {690nvTimes Cited:14
Cited References Count:56
},
	month = {Jun 4},
	abstract = {[1] We present stable oxygen isotope ratio (delta(18)O) measurements on deep-dwelling planktonic foraminifera from the western margin of the North Atlantic in order to reconstruct the latitude at which the Gulf Stream separated from the western boundary of the Atlantic Ocean in the past. The modern separation latitude can be reconstructed within one degree from delta(18)O measured on the fossil shells of deep-dwelling planktonic foraminifera Globorotalia truncatulinoides from the Holocene sediments representing the past 10,000 years of mild climate conditions similar to today. The separation latitude is captured in a sharp delta(18)O gradient, which reflects the prominent hydrographic change across the boundary between the warm waters south and east of the Gulf Stream and the cold Slope Water to the north. The latitudinal delta(18)O profile from approximately the Last Glacial Maximum shows that the Gulf Stream separated from the coast near Cape Hatteras at almost the same latitude as it does today. We assess our finding in light of existing Gulf Stream separation theories and conclude that one of the theories, the wind-induced separation mechanism, is not consistent with our paleoceanographic reconstruction.},
	keywords = {cape-hatteras, deep-ocean, gulf stream separation, Last glacial maximum, marine sediment cores, north-atlantic, Ocean circulation, oxygen isotope composition, oxygen isotopic composition, past 21,000 years, planktonic foraminifera, planktonic-foraminifera, SARGASSO SEA, western boundary current, western boundary undercurrent, wind-driven},
	isbn = {0148-0227},
	doi = {10.1029/2001JC000861},
	author = {Matsumoto, K. and Lynch-Stieglitz, J.}
}
@article {999,
	title = {The persistence of memory: The fate of ancient sedimentary organic carbon in a modern sedimentary system},
	journal = {Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {67},
	year = {2003},
	note = {634jvTimes Cited:143Cited References Count:63},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {63-73},
	abstract = {The cycle of organic carbon burial and exhumation moderates atmospheric chemistry and global climate over geologic timescales. The burial of organic carbon occurs predominantly at sea in association with clay-sized particles derived from the erosion of uplifted continental rocks. It follows that the history of the fine-grained particles on land may bear on the nature of the organic carbon buried. In this study, the evolution of clay-associated organic matter was followed from bedrock source to the seabed in the Eel River sedimentary system of northern California using natural abundance C-13 and C-14 tracers. Approximately half of the fine-grained organic carbon delivered to the shelf is derived from ancient sedimentary organic carbon found in the uplifted Mesozoic-Tertiary Franciscan Complex of the watershed. The short residence time of friable soils on steep hill slopes, coupled with rapid sediment accumulation rates on the shelf-slope, act to preserve the ancient organic carbon. A comparable quantity of modem organic carbon is added to particles in the watershed and on the shelf and slope. The bimodal mixture of ancient and modem C in soils and sediments may be characteristic of many short, mountainous rivers. If the Eel River chemistry is typical of such rivers, more than 40 Tg of ancient organic C may be delivered to the world{\textquoteright}s oceans each year. A flux of that magnitude would have a significant influence on marine and global C-cycles. Copyright (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd.},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01043-8},
	author = {Blair, N. E. and Leithold, E. L. and Ford, S. T. and Peeler, K. A. and Holmes, J. C. and Perkey, D. W.}
}
@article {644,
	title = {A possible record of the Younger Dryas event in deep-sea sediments of the Southern Ocean (Pacific sector)},
	journal = {Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology},
	volume = {198},
	year = {2003},
	note = {723feTimes Cited:15Cited References Count:55},
	month = {Sep 15},
	pages = {265-278},
	abstract = {The oxygen isotope record combined with radiocarbon dating from two deep-sea cores collected along a transect between New Zealand and the Ross Sea are used to establish a reliable chronostratigraphy for the last 14 kyr. After an integrated geochemical and micropaleontological analysis in this timeframe we detected a cooling interval dated between 12.5 cal kyr BP and 11.4 cal kyr BP. The age control suggests that this event started 1.5 kyr after the onset of the Antarctic Cold Reversal previously observed in several Antarctic ice cores. We infer that the observed cool event corresponds to the Younger Dryas event defined in Northern Europe. This suggests that climate change recorded in this sector of the Southern Hemisphere still shows some synchronicity with Northern Hemisphere variations and that the decoupling of climate change between the two hemispheres likely occurred south of the Polar Front. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00404-8},
	author = {Morigi, C. and Capotondi, L. and Giglio, F. and Langone, L. and Brilli, M. and Turi, B. and Ravaioli, M.}
}
@conference {1761,
	title = {Radiocarbon ages of marine biomarkers and co-occurring foraminifera: evidence for differential particle transport on continental margins},
	booktitle = {AGU Fall Meeting 2003},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 1069},
	month = {2003},
	address = {San Francisco, USA},
	author = {Mollenhauer, Gesine and Eglinton, Timothy I. and Hayes, John M. and Keinast, Markus and Lamy, Frank and Meggers, Helge and Schneider, Ralph R.}
}
@article {2080,
	title = {Sediment characteristics at selected sites of the Ross Sea continental shelf: does the sedimentary record reflect water column fluxes?},
	journal = {Antarctic Science},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 440},
	month = {2003},
	pages = {133-139},
	author = {Frignani, M. and Giglio, F. and Accornero, A. and Langone, L. and Ravaioli, M.}
}
@article {2097,
	title = {An 11,000 year lithostratigraphic and paleohydrologic record from equatorial Africa: Lake Edward, Uganda-Congo},
	journal = {Paleogeography, Paleoclimatology, Palaeoecology},
	volume = {193},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 1010},
	month = {2002},
	pages = {25-49},
	author = {Russell, J. M. and Johnson, T. C. and Kelts, K. R. and Laerdal, T. and Talbot, M. R.}
}
@article {2100,
	title = {A 6100 14C year record of El Nino activity from the Galapagos Islands},
	journal = {Journal of Paleolimnology},
	volume = {27},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 1485},
	month = {2002},
	pages = {1-7},
	author = {Riedinger, M. A. and Steinitz-Kannan, M. and Last, W. M. and Brenner, M.}
}
@article {886,
	title = {The Antarctic ice sheet during the last glacial maximum and its subsequent retreat histroy: a review},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {21},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 1126},
	pages = {49-70},
	abstract = {An emerging body of evidence from studies of the last glacial/interglacial cycle suggests that the East and West Antarctic ice sheets have not advanced and retreated in concert. The West Antarctic ice sheet advanced to the outer shelf in most regions during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The retreat from the shelf commenced shortly after the LGM and continued into the late Holocene. The West Antarctic Ice Sheet in Ross and Amundsen seas slid across a deforming bed, at least during the final phases of extended glaciation. This implies that at this time the ice sheet had a low profile. Differences in the number and locations of grounding-zone wedges and smaller grounding zone features from trough to trough imply that individual West Antarctic Ice Sheet ice streams retreated episodically.

Details concerning the expansion, retreat, and behavior of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS) are more sparse. The picture emerging is that the EAIS did not expand to the continental shelf edge during the LGM; rather, it achieved a maximum extent of a mid-shelf position in some locations, while in other areas the ice terminus was situated near its present location. The timing of retreat along sectors within the EAIS appears diachronous, and in places occurred prior to the LGM. The Antarctic Peninsula shelf contained considerably more ice during the LGM than previously proposed.

The results presented in this paper support more recent published ice-sheet models that call for greater contributions of melting ice from West Antarctica, including the Antarctic Peninsula, to the post-glacial rise in sea level.},
	doi = {10.1016/S0277-3791(01)00083-X},
	author = {Anderson, J. B. and Shipp, S. S. and Lowe, A. L. and Wellner, J. S. and Mosola, A.}
}
@article {930,
	title = {Chemical and carbon isotopic evidence for the source and fate of dissolved organic matter in the northern Everglades},
	journal = {Biogeochemistry},
	volume = {61},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 616},
	pages = {269-289},
	doi = {10.1023/A:1020282717732},
	author = {Wang, Y. and Hsieh, Y. P. and Landing, W. M. and Choi, Y. H. and Salters, V. and Campbell, D.}
}
@article {2114,
	title = {Compositional characterization of prehistoric ceramics: A new approach},
	journal = {Journal of Archaeological Sciences},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 474},
	month = {2002},
	pages = {443-455},
	author = {Kennett, D. J. and Sakai, S. and Neff, H. and Gossett, R. and Larson, D. O.}
}
@article {950,
	title = {El Nino-like pattern in Ice Age Tropical Pacific Sea surace temperature},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {297},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 644},
	pages = {226-230},
	abstract = {Sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the cold tongue of the eastern equatorial Pacific exert powerful controls on global atmospheric circulation patterns. We examined climate variability in this region from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the present, using a SST record reconstructed from magnesium/calcium ratios in foraminifera from sea-floor sediments near the Gal{\'a}pagos Islands. Cold-tongue SST varied coherently with precession-induced changes in seasonality during the past 30,000 years. Observed LGM cooling of just 1.2{\textdegree}C implies a relaxation of tropical temperature gradients, weakened Hadley and Walker circulation, southward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone, and a persistent El Ni{\~n}o{\textendash}like pattern in the tropical Pacific. This is contrasted with mid-Holocene cooling suggestive of a La Ni{\~n}a{\textendash}like pattern with enhanced SST gradients and strengthened trade winds. Our results support a potent role for altered tropical Pacific SST gradients in global climate variations.},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1072376 },
	author = {Koutavas, Athanasios and Lynch-Stieglitz, Jean and Marchitto, Thomas M. and Sachs, Julian P.}
}
@conference {1623,
	title = {ENSO mid-Holocene onset: constraints from an open ocean record in the eastern equatorial Pacific},
	booktitle = {AGU},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 352},
	month = {2002},
	author = {Richaud, M. and Loubere, P.}
}
@article {2107,
	title = {Field and laboratory data from an earthquake history study of the Toe Jam Hill fault, Bainbridge Island, Washington},
	journal = {U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report},
	volume = {02-60},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 428},
	month = {2002},
	pages = {37 p.},
	author = {Nelson, A. R. and Johnson, S. Y. and Wells, R. E. and Kelsey, H. M. and Pezzopane, S. K. and Sherrod, B. L. and Bradley, L. A. and Iii, Koehler R. D. and Bucknam, R. C. and Haugerud, R. A. and LaPrade, W. T.}
}
@article {2106,
	title = {Field and Laboratory data from an earthquake history study of the Toe Jam Hill fault, Bainbridge Island, Washington},
	journal = {U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-60},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 259},
	month = {2002},
	pages = {2 plates and 37 pages},
	author = {Nelson, A. R. and Johnson, S. Y. and Wells, R. E. and Pezzopane, S. K. and Kelsey, H. M. and Sherrod, B. L. and Bradley, L. A. and Koehler, R. D., III and Bucknam, R. C. and Haugerud, R. A. and LaPrade, W. T.}
}
@article {301,
	title = {Holocene chronology of a continental shelf mudbelt off southwestern Africa},
	journal = {The Holocene},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 220},
	pages = {59-67},
	abstract = {The Holocene lithostratigraphy and geochronology of sediments on an inner continental-shelf mudbelt off the west coast of southern Africa is presented. Based on a study of seven large gravity cores, numerous grab samples and two vibracores, two distinctive sections of the mudbelt have been identi{\textquotedblright} ed. The northern section is associated with the Orange River prodelta, and is dominated by laminated clay-rich sediments, while the southern section off Namaqualand is associated with more homogeneous muds. AMS radiocarbon ages of 31 samples from these cores are problematic due to the absence of expected modern material at the sedimentocean interface and numerous age reversals and inconsistencies in some of the cores. Possible mechanisms to explain the apparently anomalously old surface and near-surface samples are suggested. Most likely expla nations appear to lie in a combination of sediment-retrieval problems, the periodic loss of {\textquotedblright} ne particulate organic carbon from within the water column, the sampling of possible relic sediments and, most likely of all, the incorporation into the sediments of 14C-depleted terrigenous organic matter. The age reversals are especially evident in the laminated sediments, and the entrainment of {\textquoteleft}old{\textquoteright} carbon from the terrestrial source of these sediments is offered as the most parsimonious explanation. Stable carbon isotope analyses and a single lumi nescence age support the contention that radiocarbon date inconsistencies are a consequence of terrestrial inputs of carbon which is non-contemporaneous with the actual time of sedimentation. In studies of offshore accumulations of terrigenous material, the marine-derived organic fraction may therefore prove a more reliable measure of radiocarbon chronology.},
	doi = {10.1191/0959683602hl521rp},
	author = {Meadows, M. E. and Rogers, J. and Lee-Throp, J. A. and Bateman, M. D. and Dingle, R. V.}
}
@article {2120,
	title = {In situ calcium carbonate dissolution in the Pacific Ocean},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2002},
	note = {649rqTimes Cited:86
Cited References Count:60
},
	month = {Dec 31},
	abstract = {Over the past several years researchers have been working to synthesize the WOCE/JGOFS global CO(2) survey data to better understand carbon cycling processes in the oceans. The Pacific Ocean data set has over 35,000 sample locations with at least two carbon parameters, oxygen, nutrients, CFC tracers, and hydrographic parameters. In this paper we estimate the in situ CaCO(3) dissolution rates in the Pacific Ocean water column. Calcium carbonate dissolution rates ranging from 0.01-1.1 mumol kg(-1) yr(-1) are observed in intermediate and deepwater beginning near the aragonite saturation horizon. In the North Pacific Intermediate Water between 400 and 800 m, CaCO(3) dissolution rates are more than 7 times faster than observed in middle and deep water depths (average=0.051 m mol kg(-1) yr(-1)). The total amount of CaCO(3) that is dissolved within the Pacific is determined by integrating excess alkalinity throughout the water column. The total inventory of CaCO(3) added by particle dissolution in the Pacific Ocean, north of 40degreesS, is 157 Pg C. This amounts to an average dissolution rate of approximately 0.31 Pg C yr(-1). This estimate is approximately 74\% of the export production of CaCO(3) estimated for the Pacific Ocean. These estimates should be considered to be upper limits for in situ carbonate dissolution in the Pacific Ocean, since a portion of the alkalinity increase results from inputs from sediments.},
	keywords = {anthropogenic co(2), anthropogenic co2, aragonite saturation, atmospheric carbon, caco(3) dissolution, calcite saturation, carbonate lysocline, chemical lysocline, coccolithophore emiliania-huxleyi, indian-ocean, north pacific, organic-matter, Pacific Ocean, panama basin, particulate matter},
	isbn = {0886-6236},
	doi = {10.1029/2002GB001866},
	author = {Feely, R. A. and Sabine, C. L. and Lee, K. and Millero, F. J. and Lamb, M. F. and Greeley, D. and Bullister, J. L. and Key, R. M. and Peng, T. H. and Kozyr, A. and Ono, T. and Wong, C. S.}
}
@article {701,
	title = {Kilimanjaro ice core records: evidence of holocene climate change in tropical Africa},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {298},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Thompson, Lonnie GMosley-Thompson, EllenDavis, Mary EHenderson, Keith ABrecher, Henry HZagorodnov, Victor SMashiotta, Tracy ALin, Ping-NanMikhalenko, Vladimir NHardy, Douglas RBeer, Jurgeng2002/10/19 04:00Science. 2002 Oct 18;298(5593):589-93.},
	month = {Oct 18},
	pages = {589-93},
	abstract = {Six ice cores from Kilimanjaro provide an approximately 11.7-thousand-year record of Holocene climate and environmental variability for eastern equatorial Africa, including three periods of abrupt climate change: approximately 8.3, approximately 5.2, and approximately 4 thousand years ago (ka). The latter is coincident with the "First Dark Age," the period of the greatest historically recorded drought in tropical Africa. Variable deposition of F- and Na+ during the African Humid Period suggests rapidly fluctuating lake levels between approximately 11.7 and 4 ka. Over the 20th century, the areal extent of Kilimanjaro{\textquoteright}s ice fields has decreased approximately 80\%, and if current climatological conditions persist, the remaining ice fields are likely to disappear between 2015 and 2020.},
	issn = {0036-8075 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1073198},
	author = {Thompson, L. G. and Mosley-Thompson, E. and Davis, M. E. and Henderson, K. A. and Brecher, H. H. and Zagorodnov, V. S. and Mashiotta, T. A. and Lin, P. N. and Mikhalenko, V. N. and Hardy, D. R. and Beer, J.}
}
@inbook {1434,
	title = {Late Quaternary sedimentation and climate in the Lake Edward and George area, Uganda-Congo},
	booktitle = {The East African Great Lakes: Limnology, Palaeolimnology, and Biodiversity},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 1012},
	month = {2002},
	pages = {429-470},
	publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
	organization = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
	address = {Dordrecht, The Netherlands},
	author = {Laerdal, T. and Talbot, M. R. and Russell, J. M.},
	editor = {Olago, D.}
}
@article {2091,
	title = {Paleoceanographic proxies in Long Island Sound, CT, USA},
	journal = {Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {66},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Suppl. 1583rx
Times Cited:0
Cited References Count:0
},
	month = {Aug},
	pages = {A772-A772},
	isbn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01013-X},
	url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2\&amp;SrcAuth=Alerting\&amp;SrcApp=Alerting\&amp;DestApp=WOS\&amp;DestLinkType=FullRecord;UT=WOS:000177423401511},
	author = {Thomas, E. and Lugolobi, F. and Varekamp, J. C.}
}
@conference {1738,
	title = {Paleoenvironmental history of Long Island Sound},
	booktitle = {Long Island Sound/NEERS Research Conference AGU Fall Meeting},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 1177},
	month = {2002},
	address = {Groton, CT San Francisco, CA},
	author = {Varekamp, J. C. and Thomas, E. and Lugolobi, F. and Buchholtz ten Brink, M. R.}
}
@conference {1744,
	title = {Plans for expanded 14C analyses at the NOSAMS facility - a status and progress report},
	booktitle = {International Conference on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 1685},
	month = {2002},
	address = {Nagoya, Japan},
	author = {von Reden, K. F. and Donoghue, J. and Elder, K. and Gagnon, A. and Gerlach, D. and Griffin, V. and Healy, R. and Long, P. and McNichol, A. and Percy, D. and Roberts, M. L. and Schneider, R. J. and Xu, L. and Hayes, J. M.}
}
@article {704,
	title = {Rates of evolution in ancient DNA from Adelie penguins},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {295},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Lambert, D MRitchie, P AMillar, C DHolland, BDrummond, A JBaroni, CengResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}tResearch Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, P.H.S.2002/03/23 10:00Science. 2002 Mar 22;295(5563):2270-3.},
	month = {Mar 22},
	pages = {2270-3},
	abstract = {Well-preserved subfossil bones of Adelie penguins, Pygoscelis adeliae, underlie existing and abandoned nesting colonies in Antarctica. These bones, dating back to more than 7000 years before the present, harbor some of the best-preserved ancient DNA yet discovered. From 96 radiocarbon-aged bones, we report large numbers of mitochondrial haplotypes, some of which appear to be extinct, given the 380 living birds sampled. We demonstrate DNA sequence evolution through time and estimate the rate of evolution of the hypervariable region I using a Markov chain Monte Carlo integration and a least-squares regression analysis. Our calculated rates of evolution are approximately two to seven times higher than previous indirect phylogenetic estimates.},
	issn = {0036-8075 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1068105},
	author = {Lambert, D. M. and Ritchie, P. A. and Millar, C. D. and Holland, B. and Drummond, A. J. and Baroni, C.}
}
@article {618,
	title = {The Shandong mud wedge and post-glacial sediment accumulation in the Yellow Sea},
	journal = {Geo-Marine Letters},
	volume = {21},
	year = {2002},
	note = {538tcTimes Cited:56Cited References Count:34},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {212-218},
	abstract = {Two well-defined deltaic sequences in the Bohai Sea and in the South Yellow Sea represent post-glacial accumulation of Yellow River-derived sediments. Another prominent depocenter on this epicontinental shelf, a pronounced clinoform in the North Yellow Sea, wraps around the northeastern and southeastern end of the Shandong Peninsula, extending into the South Yellow Sea. This Shandong mud wedge is 20 to 40 m thick and contains an estimated 300 km(3) of sediment. Radiocarbon dating, shallow seismic profiles, and regional sea-level history suggest that the mud wedge formed when the rate of post-glacial sea-level rise slackened and the summer monsoon intensified, at about 11 ka. Geomorphic configuration and mineralogical data indicate that present-day sediment deposited on the Shandong mud wedge comes not only from the Yellow River but also from coastal erosion and local rivers. Basin-wide circulation in the North Yellow Sea may transport and redistribute fine sediments into and out of the mud wedge.},
	issn = {0276-0460},
	doi = {10.1007/s00367-001-0083-5},
	author = {Liu, J. P. and Milliman, J. D. and Gao, S.}
}
@article {702,
	title = {Super ENSO and global climate oscillations at millennial time scales},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {297},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Stott, LowellPoulsen, ChristopherLund, SteveThunell, Roberteng2002/07/13 10:00Science. 2002 Jul 12;297(5579):222-6.},
	month = {Jul 12},
	pages = {222-6},
	abstract = {The late Pleistocene history of seawater temperature and salinity variability in the western tropical Pacific warm pool is reconstructed from oxygen isotope (delta18O) and magnesium/calcium composition of planktonic foraminifera. Differentiating the calcite delta18O record into components of temperature and local water delta18O reveals a dominant salinity signal that varied in accord with Dansgaard/Oeschger cycles over Greenland. Salinities were higher at times of high-latitude cooling and were lower during interstadials. The pattern and magnitude of the salinity variations imply shifts in the tropical Pacific ocean/atmosphere system analogous to modern El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). El Nino conditions correlate with stadials at high latitudes, whereas La Nina conditions correlate with interstadials. Millennial-scale shifts in atmospheric convection away from the western tropical Pacific may explain many paleo-observations, including lower atmospheric CO2, N2O, and CH4 during stadials and patterns of extratropical ocean variability that have tropical source functions that are negatively correlated with El Nino.},
	issn = {0036-8075 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1071627},
	author = {Stott, L. and Poulsen, C. and Lund, S. and Thunell, R.}
}
@conference {1818,
	title = {The use of carbon isotopes to trace changes in biological oxygen demand in Long Island Sound},
	booktitle = {Long Island Sound/NEERS Research Conference},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 730},
	month = {2002},
	address = {Groton, CT},
	author = {Lugolobi, F. and Varekamp, J. C. and Thomas, E.}
}
@article {631,
	title = {Vapour undersaturation in primitive mid-ocean-ridge basalt and the volatile content of Earth{\textquoteright}s upper mantle},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {419},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Saal, Alberto EHauri, Erik HLangmuir, Charles HPerfit, Michael RengEngland2002/10/09 04:00Nature. 2002 Oct 3;419(6906):451-5.},
	month = {Oct 03},
	pages = {451-5},
	abstract = {The analysis of volatiles in magmatic systems can be used to constrain the volatile content of the Earth{\textquoteright}s mantle and the influence that magmatic degassing has on the chemistry of the oceans and the atmosphere. But most volatile elements have very low solubilities in magmas at atmospheric pressure, and therefore virtually all erupted lavas are degassed and do not retain their primary volatile signatures. Here we report the undersaturated pre-eruptive volatile content for a suite of mid-ocean-ridge basalts from the Siqueiros intra-transform spreading centre. The undersaturation leads to correlations between volatiles and refractory trace elements that provide new constraints on volatile abundances and their behaviour in the upper mantle. Our data generate improved limits on the abundances of carbon dioxide, water, fluorine, sulphur and chlorine in the source of normal mid-ocean-ridge basalt. The incompatible behaviour of carbon dioxide, together with the CO(2)/Nb and CO(2)/Cl ratios, permit estimates of primitive carbon dioxide and chlorine to be made for degassed and chlorine-contaminated mid-ocean-ridge basalt magmas, and hence constrain degassing and contamination histories of mid-ocean ridges.},
	issn = {0028-0836 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1038/nature01073},
	author = {Saal, A. E. and Hauri, E. H. and Langmuir, C. H. and Perfit, M. R.}
}
@article {2108,
	title = {Were glacial iceberg surges in the North Atlantic triggered by global climatic warming?},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {192},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 712},
	month = {2002},
	pages = {393-417},
	author = {Moros, M. and Kuijpers, A. and Snowball, I. and Lassen, S. and Backstrom, D. and Gingele, F. and McManus, J. F.}
}
@conference {1578,
	title = {Biogenic silica and organic carbon in sediments from the Pacific Sector of the Southern Ocean},
	booktitle = {Antarctic Earth Sciences at the close of a Millenium: Proceedings 8th International Symposium on Artarctic Earth Sciences},
	volume = {8th},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 284},
	month = {2001},
	pages = {35},
	publisher = {Royal Society of New Zealand Bulletin},
	organization = {Royal Society of New Zealand Bulletin},
	author = {Giglio, F. and Langone, L. and Morigi, C. and Frignani, M. and Ravaioli, M.},
	editor = {Gamble, J. A.}
}
@article {2156,
	title = {Chronology of the Palmer Deep Site, Antarctic Peninsula: A Holocene Paleoenvironmental reference for the circum-Antarctic},
	journal = {The Holocene},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 119},
	month = {2001},
	pages = {1-9},
	author = {Domack, E. W. and Leventer, A. and Dunbar, R. and Taylory, R. and Brachfeld, S. and Sjunneskog, C.}
}
@article {300,
	title = {Chronology of the Palmer Deep Site, Antarctic Peninsula: A Holocene Paleoenvironmental reference for the circum-Antarctic},
	journal = {The Holocene},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1319},
	pages = {9-9},
	abstract = {Palmer Deep sediment cores are used to produce the first high-resolution, continuous late Pleistocene to Holocene time-series from the Antarctic marine system. The sedimentary record is dated using accelerator mass spectrometer radiocarbon methods on acid insoluble organic matter and foraminiferal calcite. Fifty-four radiocarbon analyses are utilized in the dating which provides a calibrated timescale back to 13 ka BP. Reliability of resultant ages on organic matter is assured because duplicates produce a standard deviation from the surface age of less than laboratory error (i.e., {\textpm}50 years). In addition, surface organic matter ages at the site are in excellent agreement with living calcite ages at the accepted reservoir age of 1260 years for the Antarctic Peninsula. Spectral analyses of the magnetic susceptibility record against the age model reveal unusually strong periodicity in the 400,{\textendash}200 and 50-70 year frequency bands, similar to other high-resolution records from the Holocene but, so far, unique for the circum-Antarctic. Here we show that comparison to icecore records of specific climatic events (e.g., the {\textquoteright}Little Ice Age{\textquoteleft}, Neoglacial, Hypsithermal, and the B{\o}lling/Aller{\o}d to Younger Dryas transition) provides improved focus upon the relative timing of atmosphere/ocean changes between the northern anid southern high latitudes.},
	doi = {10.1191/095968301673881493},
	author = {Domack, E. W. and Leventer, A. and Dunbar, R. and Taylor, R. and Brachfeld, S. and Sjunneskog, C.}
}
@article {2147,
	title = {Effects of biosynthesis and physiology on relative abundances and isotopic compositions of alkenones},
	journal = {Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2001},
	note = {458kdTimes Cited:6
Cited References Count:39
},
	month = {Jan 29},
	pages = {art. no.-2000GC000052},
	abstract = {The number of double bonds in long-chain, unsaturated ketones (alkenones) produced by some members of the Haptophyceae is correlated with the ambient temperature at the time of synthesis. For these same organisms the depletion of carbon-13 in biosynthetic products relative to dissolved inorganic carbon is related directly to the specific growth rate and inversely to the concentration of dissolved carbon dioxide. This report summarizes issues relating to the physiology, metabolism, and biochemistry of alkenone producers and how they affect the abundances and isotopic compositions of alkenones. These considerations show that an understanding of cellular responses to parameters governing uptake of inorganic carbon (C-i), isotopic fractionation, growth under diverse nutrient conditions, and genetic variability, both in the field and in culture, is necessary for developing a conceptual understanding of the biological significance of the epsilonp and U-37(K{\textquoteright}) indices. Emiliana huxleyi is the best known alkenone producer and can serve as a model organism for these studies. This report identifies knowledge gaps and appropriate objectives for both field- and laboratory-based research.},
	keywords = {algae, alkenones, anhydrase, biogeochemical processes, biosynthesis, calcification, carbon-13, emiliania-huxleyi prymnesiophyceae, fractionation, Haptophytes, inorganic carbon utilization, instruments and techniques, isoprenoid biosynthesis, marine diatom, paleoceanography, photosynthesis, physiology, phytoplankton, sea surface temperature},
	isbn = {1525-2027},
	doi = {10.1029/2000GC000052},
	author = {Gonzalez, E. L. and Riebesell, U. and Hayes, J. M. and Laws, E. A.}
}
@article {771,
	title = {Estimates of anthropogenic carbon uptake from four three-dimensional global ocean models},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2001},
	note = {417rwTimes Cited:187Cited References Count:64},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {43-60},
	abstract = {We have compared simulations of anthropogenic CO2 in the four three-dimensional ocean models that participated in the first phase of the Ocean Carbon-Cycle Model Intercomparison Project (OCMIP), as a means to identify their major differences. Simulated global uptake agrees to within +/- 19\%, giving a range of 1.85 +/-0.35 Pg C yr(-1) for the 1980-1989 average, Regionally, the Southern Ocean dominates the present-day air-sea flux of anthropogenic CO2 in all models, with one third to one half of the global uptake occurring south of 30 degreesS. The highest simulated total uptake in the Southern Ocean was 70\% larger than the lowest. Comparison with recent data-based estimates of anthropogenic CO2 suggest that most of the models substantially overestimate storage in the Southern Ocean; elsewhere they generally underestimate storage by less than 20\%. Globally, the OCMIP models appear to bracket the real ocean{\textquoteright}s present uptake, based on comparison of regional data-based estimates of anthropogenic CO2 and bomb C-14. Column inventories of bomb C-14 have become more similar to those for anthropogenic CO2 with the time that has elapsed between the Geochemical Ocean Sections Study (1970s) and World Ocean Circulation Experiment (1990s) global sampling campaigns. Our ability to evaluate simulated anthropogenic CO2 would improve if systematic errors associated with the data-based estimates could be provided regionally.},
	issn = {0886-6236},
	doi = {10.1029/2000gb001273},
	author = {Orr, J. C. and Maier-Reimer, E. and Mikolajewicz, U. and Monfray, P. and Sarmiento, J. L. and Toggweiler, J. R. and Taylor, N. K. and Palmer, J. and Gruber, N. and Sabine, C. L. and Le Quere, C. and Key, R. M. and Boutin, J.}
}
@article {2145,
	title = {Evaluation of a protocol for the quantification of black carbon in sediments, soils, and aquatic sediments},
	journal = {Global Biogeochem. Cycles},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1439},
	month = {2001},
	pages = {881-890},
	author = {Gustafsson, O. and Bucheli, T. D. and Kululska, M. and Andersson, C. and Largeau, C. and Rouzard, J. N. and Reddy, C. M. and Eglinton, T. I.}
}
@article {2148,
	title = {High frequency dynamics of the East Asian Monsoon during the last 200,000 years},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 272},
	month = {2001},
	pages = {491-502},
	author = {Garidel-Thoron, T. de and Beaaufort, L. and Linsley, B. K. and Dannenmann, S.}
}
@article {769,
	title = {Hypothesized climate forcing time series for the last 500 years},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres},
	volume = {106},
	year = {2001},
	note = {456yeTimes Cited:108Cited References Count:89},
	month = {Jul 27},
	pages = {14783-14803},
	abstract = {A new compilation of annually resolved time series of atmospheric trace gas concentrations, solar irradiance, tropospheric aerosol optical depth, and stratospheric (volcanic) aerosol optical depth is presented for use in climate modeling studies of the period 1500 to 1999 A.D. Atmospheric CO2 CH4, and N2O concentrations over this period are well established on the basis of fossil air trapped in ice cores and instrumental measurements over the last few decades. Estimates of solar irradiance, ranging between 1364.2 and 1368.2 W/m(2), are presented using calibrated historical observations of the Sun back to 1610, along with cosmogenic isotope variations extending back to 1500. Tropospheric aerosol distributions are calculated by scaling the modern distribution of sulfate and carbonaceous aerosol optical depths back to 1860 using reconstructed regional CO2 emissions; prior to 1860 the anthropogenic tropospheric aerosol optical depths are assumed to be zero. Finally, the first continuous, annually dated record of zonally averaged stratospheric (volcanic) optical depths back to 1500 is constructed using sulfate flux data from multiple ice cores from both Greenland and Antarctica, in conjunction with historical and instrumental (satellite and pyrheliometric) observations. The climate forcings generated here are currently being used as input to a suite of transient (time dependent) paleoclimate model simulations of the past 500 years. These forcings are also available for comparison with instrumental and proxy paleoclimate data of the same period.},
	issn = {0747-7309},
	doi = {10.1029/2000jd900469},
	author = {Robertson, A. and Overpeck, J. and Rind, D. and Mosley-Thompson, E. and Zielinski, G. and Lean, J. and Koch, D. and Penner, J. and Tegen, I. and Healy, R.}
}
@inbook {1387,
	title = {Installation of a 134-sample MC-SNICS at the NOSAMS facility and first results},
	booktitle = {Symposium of NorthEastern Accelerator Personnel, Oak Ridge National Lab., USA, October 25-28, 1999},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1718},
	month = {2001},
	pages = {49-55},
	publisher = {World Scientific},
	organization = {World Scientific},
	address = {Oak Ridge, TN},
	author = {Bellino, Mary and von Reden, Karl F. and Schneider, Robert J. and Long, Patricia Long and Healy, Richard},
	editor = {Hensley, D. K.}
}
@conference {1659,
	title = {Isotopes as tracers of the oceanic circulation: results from the world ocean circulation experiment},
	booktitle = {International Conference on the Study of Environmental Change Using Isotope Techniques, I.A.E.A.},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 318},
	month = {2001},
	author = {Schlosser, P. and Jenkins, W. J. and Key, R. and Lupton, J.}
}
@article {533,
	title = {Late Quaternary water-level variations and vegetation history at Crooked Pond, southeastern Massachusetts},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {56},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1379; 493FU Times Cited:43 Cited References Count:41},
	pages = {401-410},
	abstract = {Sediment cores collected along a transect in Crooked Pond, southeastern Massachusetts, provide evidence of water-level changes between 15,000 cal yr B.P. and present. The extent of fine-grained, detrital, organic accumulation in the basin, inferred from sediment and pollen stratigraphies, varied over time and indicates low water levels between 11,200 and 8000 cal yr B.P. and from ca. 5300 to 3200 cal yr B.P. This history is consistent with the paleohydrology records from nearby Makepeace Cedar Swamp and other sites from New England and eastern Canada and with temporal patterns of regional changes in effective soil moisture inferred from pollen data. The similarities among these records indicate that (1) regional conditions were drier than today when white pine (Pinus strobus) grew abundantly in southern New England (11,200 to 9500 cal yr B.P.); (2) higher moisture levels existed between 8000 and 5500 cal yr B.P., possibly caused by increased meridonal circulation as the influence of the Laurentide ice sheet waned; and (3) drier conditions possibly contributed to the regional decline in hemlock (Tsuga) abundances at 5300 cal yr B.P. Although sea-level rise may have been an influence, moist climatic conditions during the late Holocene were the primary reason for a dramatic rise in water-table elevations. (C) 2001 University of Washington.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1006/Qres.2001.2273},
	author = {Shuman, B. and Bravo, J. and Kaye, J. and Lynch, J. A. and Newby, P. and Webb, T.}
}
@conference {1695,
	title = {Multiple anthropogenic tracer distributions in the ocean},
	booktitle = {Sixth International CO2 Conference},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 319},
	month = {2001},
	address = {Sendai, Japan},
	author = {Sabine, C. L. and Key, R. M. and Bullister, J. L. and Feely, R. A. and Lamb, M. F. and Millero, F. J. and Wanninkhof, R. and Peng, T. H. and Lee, K. and Kozyr, A. and Gruber, N.}
}
@inbook {1460,
	title = {Ocean Circulation and Climate},
	booktitle = {Observing and Modelling the Global Ocean},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 309},
	month = {2001},
	pages = {431-452},
	publisher = {Academic Press},
	organization = {Academic Press},
	author = {Schlosser, P. and Bullister, J. L. and Fine, R. and Jenkins, W. J. and Key, R. and Lupton, J. and Roether, W. and Smethie, W. M., Jr.},
	editor = {Siedler, G.}
}
@conference {1717,
	title = {Oceanic changes in the southern Pacific Ocean during the last deglaciation time, as recorded by planktic foraminifers and oxigen isotopes. --Extended abstract},
	booktitle = {ANTOSTRAT Symposium on "The geologic record of the Antarctic ice sheet from drilling, coring and seismic studies"},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1428},
	month = {2001},
	pages = {137},
	address = {Erice, Italy},
	author = {Morigi, C. and Capotondi, L. and Giglio, F. and Langone, L. and Brilli, M. and Turi, B. and Ravaioli, M.}
}
@conference {1733,
	title = {Paleoceanographic changes in the Southern Ocean, during the last deglaciation time, as recorded by planktic foraminifers and oxygen isotopes--Poster},
	booktitle = {ANTOSTRAT Symposium on "The geologic record of the Antarctic ice sheet from drilling, coring and seismic studies"--Poster},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1424},
	month = {2001},
	pages = {137},
	address = {Erice, Italy},
	author = {Morigi, C. and Capotondi, L. and Giglio, F. and Langone, L. and Turi, B. and Brilli, M. and Ravaioli, M.}
}
@article {908,
	title = {Paleoproterozoic Huronian basin: product of a Wilson cycle punctuarted by glaciations and a meteorite impact},
	journal = {Sedimentary Geology},
	volume = {141-142},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1606},
	pages = {233-254},
	abstract = {The Huronian Supergroup (\~{}2.4{\textendash}2.2 Ga) comprises up to 12 km of mainly sedimentary supracrustal rocks. The oldest Huronian unit, the Livingstone Creek Formation, is chemically and mineralogically immature. Significant chemical weathering and deposition of U-rich quartz pebble conglomerates followed deposition of the Livingstone Creek Formation and extrusion of the overlying, rift-related lavas of the Thessalon Formation. Much of the succeeding Huronian comprises climatically(?)-controlled tripartite cycles, each of which begins with glaciogenic diamictites, followed by mudstones and cross bedded arenaceous units. Huronian deposition is interpreted as the result of a partial Wilson cycle, involving rifting and development of a southward-facing passive margin. The \~{}2.4 Ga Murray and Creighton granites have been considered by others to be co-eval with an early orogenic episode (Blezardian). Expected unconformities are, however, lacking and these granites, together with co-eval volcanic rocks and abundant soft sediment deformation structures are considered to be due to anorogenic processes during Huronian basin subsidence. The main deformation of the Huronian is probably related to the Penokean orogeny (\~{}1.89{\textendash}1.8 Ga). Geochemical investigations have contributed to paleoclimatic and provenance studies and have helped to define basin-wide metasomatic events. A large impact at \~{}1.85 Ga likely played an important role in formation of the Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC) and deposition of fallback breccias of the Onaping Formation (basal Whitewater Group in the Sudbury basin). Overlying sedimentary rocks of the Whitewater Group are considered to be a fortuitously-preserved portion of a widespread flysch apron that spread across the southern margin of the Superior Province as a foreland basin fill, in response to the closure phase of the Wilson cycle during the Penokean orogeny. Geochronological data suggest that these events occurred during the Penokean orogeny.},
	keywords = {Geochemistry, Glaciation, Impact, Paleoproterozoic, Wilson cycle},
	doi = {10.1016/S0037-0738(01)00076-8},
	author = {Young, G. M. and Long, D. G. F. and Fedo, C. M. and Nesbitt, H. W.}
}
@article {339,
	title = {Persistent solar influence on North Atlantic climate during the Holocene},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {294},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1397; Bond, G Kromer, B Beer, J Muscheler, R Evans, M N Showers, W Hoffmann, S Lotti-Bond, R Hajdas, I Bonani, G New York, N.Y. Science. 2001 Dec 7;294(5549):2130-6. Epub 2001 Nov 15.},
	pages = {2130-6},
	abstract = {Surface winds and surface ocean hydrography in the subpolar North Atlantic appear to have been influenced by variations in solar output through the entire Holocene. The evidence comes from a close correlation between inferred changes in production rates of the cosmogenic nuclides carbon-14 and beryllium-10 and centennial to millennial time scale changes in proxies of drift ice measured in deep-sea sediment cores. A solar forcing mechanism therefore may underlie at least the Holocene segment of the North Atlantic{\textquoteright}s "1500-year" cycle. The surface hydrographic changes may have affected production of North Atlantic Deep Water, potentially providing an additional mechanism for amplifying the solar signals and transmitting them globally.},
	issn = {0036-8075 (Print) 0036-8075 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1065680},
	author = {Bond, G. and Kromer, B. and Beer, J. and Muscheler, R. and Evans, M. N. and Showers, W. and Hoffmann, S. and Lotti-Bond, R. and Hajdas, I. and Bonani, G.}
}
@conference {1746,
	title = {Possible record of the yunger dryas event in sediments of the southern ocean (Pacific sector)--abstract},
	booktitle = {AUG},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1427},
	month = {2001},
	address = {Nice, France},
	author = {Morigi, C. and Capotondi, L. and Langone, L. and Giglio, F. and Ravaioli, M.}
}
@conference {1747,
	title = {Possible record of the yunger dryas event in sediments of the Southern Ocean (Pacific Sector)--Poster},
	booktitle = {AUG},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1423},
	month = {2001},
	address = {Nice},
	author = {Morigi, C. and Capotondi, L. and Langone, L. and Giglio, F. and Ravaioli, M.}
}
@article {407,
	title = {Pre-late Wisconsin glacial history, coastal Ahklun Mountains, southwestern Alaska-New amino acid, thermoluminescence, and 40Ar/30Ar results},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1203},
	pages = {337-352},
	abstract = {New stratigraphic and geochronologic data from the Togiak Bay area of southwestern Alaska indicate that glaciers advanced from the southern Ahklun Mountains at least three and as many as six times prior to the late Wisconsin. The oldest glaciations are represented by glacial{\textendash}marine sediment in coastal exposures on Hagemeister Island. The extent of amino acid (isoleucine) epimerization in fossil molluscs indicates that at least one, and possibly four, older middle Pleistocene glacial intervals are represented, with age estimates spanning \~{}500{\textendash}280 ka and averaging \~{}400{\textpm}100 ka. The youngest glacial-marine drift on Hagemeister Island may correlate with the eruption of the Togiak tuya. A new 40Ar/39Ar age on basalt that overlies pillow lava indicates that the volcano erupted through glacial ice at least 300 m thick 263{\textpm}22 ka. The youngest drift in the region overlies the Old Crow tephra (140{\textpm}10 ka) and a 70{\textpm}10 ka basaltic lava flow dated by thermoluminescence analysis of underlying baked sediment. The drift delimits flat piedmont lobes that spread out onto the continental shelf and terminated >100 km from their source areas during the early Wisconsin (sensu lato). The glacial-geologic evidence suggests that major expansions of glaciers were out of phase with global ice volume.},
	doi = {10.1016/S0277-3791(00)00112-8},
	author = {Kaufman, D. S. and Manley, W. F. and Forman, S. L. and Layer, P.}
}
@article {736,
	title = {Sedimentary evidence of intense hurricane strikes from New Jersey},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2001},
	note = {449elTimes Cited:102Cited References Count:14},
	month = {Jul},
	pages = {615-618},
	abstract = {Nine Vibracores from the backbarrier marsh at Whale Beach, New Jersey, reveal three large-scale overwash deposits associated with historic and prehistoric storms. The uppermost and smallest overwash fan was deposited in the Ash Wednesday northeaster of March 5-8, 1962, A second more substantial overwash fan between 100 and 35 cm depth dates to the late eighteenth or early nineteenth century. This fan was most likely deposited during the 1821 hurricane, the only intense hurricane to make landfall in New jersey in the past 350 yr, A third, larger overwash fan between 200 and 300 cm depth was deposited between A.D. 1278 and 1438 and is likely the result of a prehistoric intense hurricane strike. The combination of historical and stratigraphic evidence indicates that two intense hurricanes (winds > 50 m s(-1)) have likely made landfall on the southern New Jersey coast in the past 700 yr, resulting in an annual landfall probability of 0.3\%.},
	issn = {0091-7613},
	doi = {10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0615:Seoihs>2.0.Co;2},
	author = {Donnelly, J. P. and Roll, S. and Wengren, M. and Butler, J. and Lederer, R. and Webb, T.}
}
@conference {1799,
	title = {Stratigraphic Development of a Northeastern South Carolina Barrier Island: Waites Island},
	booktitle = {Geological Society of America National Meeting, Abstracts with Program},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1410},
	month = {2001},
	pages = {193},
	address = {Boston, MA},
	author = {Wright, E. and Harris, M. S. and Sapp, A. and Lewis, K. and Kruse, S. and Edgar, T.}
}
@article {949,
	title = {Thirty thousand year record of climate from the Galapagos Islands and links with high latitudes},
	journal = {EOS},
	volume = {82},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 255},
	abstract = {Fall Meeting Supplement F737},
	author = {Koutavas, A. and Lynch-Stieglitz, J. and Sachs, J. P. and Marchitto, T. M.}
}
@article {879,
	title = {Tropical climate changes at millennial and orbital timescales on the Bolivian Altiplano},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {409},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 388},
	pages = {167-170},
	abstract = {Tropical South America is one of the three main centres of the global, zonal overturning circulation of the equatorial atmosphere (generally termed the {\textquoteright}Walker{\textquoteright} circulation1). Although this area plays a key role in global climate cycles, little is known about South American climate history. Here we describe sediment cores and down-hole logging results of deep drilling in the Salar de Uyuni, on the Bolivian Altiplano, located in the tropical Andes. We demonstrate that during the past 50,000 years the Altiplano underwent important changes in effective moisture at both orbital (20,000-year) and millennial timescales. Long-duration wet periods, such as the Last Glacial Maximum{\textemdash}marked in the drill core by continuous deposition of lacustrine sediments{\textemdash}appear to have occurred in phase with summer insolation maxima produced by the Earth{\textquoteright}s precessional cycle. Short-duration, millennial events correlate well with North Atlantic cold events, including Heinrich events 1 and 2, as well as the Younger Dryas episode. At both millennial and orbital timescales, cold sea surface temperatures in the high-latitude North Atlantic were coeval with wet conditions in tropical South America, suggesting a common forcing.},
	doi = {10.1038/35055524},
	author = {Baker, P. A. and Rigsby, C. A. and Seltzer, G. O. and Fritz, S. C. and Lowenstein, T. K. and Bacher, N. P. and Veliz, C.}
}
@article {2197,
	title = {Characterising the Namaqualand mudbelt of southern Africa: chronology, palynology and palaeoenvironments},
	journal = {South African Geographical Journal},
	volume = {82},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 219},
	month = {2000},
	author = {Gray, C. E. D. and Meadows, M. E. and Lee-Thorp, J. A. and Rogers, J.}
}
@inbook {1415,
	title = {Climate change in the northern American tropics since the last ice age: implications for environment and culture (Book Section)},
	booktitle = {Imperfect Balance: Landscape transformations in the Precolumbian Americas},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 198},
	month = {2000},
	pages = {13-38},
	publisher = {Columbia University Press},
	organization = {Columbia University Press},
	address = {NY},
	author = {Hodell, D. A. and Brenner, M. and Curtis, J. H.},
	editor = {Lentz, D. L.}
}
@conference {1639,
	title = {Glacial-Interglacial variations in the accumulation rates of major biogenic components in the Southern Pacific Ocean sediments--Abstract},
	booktitle = {Third International SO-JGOFS Symposium},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 287},
	month = {2000},
	address = {Brest},
	author = {Giglio, F. and Langone, L. and Ravaioli, M. and Frignani, M. and Mangini, A. and Fonti, P.}
}
@article {2436,
	title = {Installation of a 134-sample MC-SNICS ion source at NOSAMS and first results},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments \& Methods in Physics Research Section B-Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
	volume = {172},
	year = {2000},
	note = {8th International Conference on Accelerator Mass SpectrometrySEP 06-10, 1999
VIENNA, AUSTRIA
},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {247-251},
	abstract = {In April 1999, the National Ocean Sciences AMS (NOSAMS) facility received the shipment of a 134-sample MC-SNICS ion source from the National Electrostatics Corporation (NEC). It replaced one of the two 59-sample spherical ionizer sources (US-AMS Model 3090A, HVEE Model 846). In this paper, we will describe the adaptation of the NEC ion source to the US-AMS/HVEE recombinator injector at NOSAMS. This is the first lime that the two leading sputter ion source designs are directly comparable on the same system. We will present ion beam optics calculations for both in comparison with measured results. Once fully operational, the new ion source will assume all of the sputter sample measurements at NOSAMS, while the remaining 59-sample source will be replaced by the newly developed microwave gas ion source. One of the most desirable features of the MC-SNICS design is the smaller cathode geometry. At comparable extracted currents, the surface diameter of the pressed samples is reduced from 1.5 to 1 mm. A new, automatic sample pressing procedure is being developed for this design. This will improve the capability for preparing and analyzing smaller sputter samples (carbon weight <100 <mu>g). Our US-AMS cathodes showed considerable reduction in the extracted currents when the sample diameter was reduced to 1 mm, even with samples of normal size (>200 mug C). (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {AMS, beam extraction/injection, C-14, ion sources, ocean, pacific},
	isbn = {0168-583X},
	author = {von Reden, K. F. and Bellino, M. and Long, P. and Schneider, R. J. and Loger, R.}
}
@inbook {1425,
	title = {Late Pleistocene and Holocene geological evolution of the central Penobscot River Valley: Surficial geology, geoarchaeology, and water supply (Book Section)},
	booktitle = {Guidebook for Field Trips in Coastal and East-Central Maine: NEIGC 92nd Annual Meeting},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 152},
	month = {2000},
	address = {Orono, ME},
	author = {Kelly, A. R. and Dorion, C. C. and Balco, G. and Dieffenbacher-Krall, A. and Garrett, P. and Locke, D. and Tolman, A.},
	editor = {Yates, M. G.}
}
@conference {1674,
	title = {Late Quaternary sedimentary fluctuations of biogenic fluxes driven by climatic changes in the Southern Ocean--abstract},
	booktitle = {XXV General Assembly of European Geophysical Society},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 288},
	month = {2000},
	address = {Nice, France},
	author = {Langone, L. and Giglio, F. and Ravaioli, M. and Frignani, M. and Marozzi, G. and Rovatti, G.}
}
@article {2188,
	title = {Oceanic uptake of CO2 re-estimated through d13C in WOCE samples},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research},
	volume = {B (172)},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 1817},
	month = {2000},
	pages = {501-512},
	author = {Lerperger, M. and McNichol, A. P. and Peden, J. and Gagnon, A. R. and Elder, K. L. and Kutschera, W. and Rom, W. and Steier, P.}
}
@conference {1732,
	title = {Paleoceanographic changes in the Southern Ocean (Pacific sector) during the last 14 Ka.--Poster},
	booktitle = {Third International SO-JGOFS Symposium},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 1422},
	month = {2000},
	address = {Brest},
	author = {Morigi, C. and Capotondi, L. and Ravaioli, M. and Giglio, F. and Turi, B. and Brilli, M. and Langone, L.}
}
@article {2181,
	title = {Postglacial and Late Holocene earthquakes on the Toe Jam strand of the Seattle fault, Bainbridge Island Washington},
	journal = {Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 258},
	month = {2000},
	pages = {A-58},
	author = {Nelson, A. R. and Johnson, S. Y. and Pezzopane, S. K. and Wells, R. E. and Kelsey, H. M. and Sherrod, B. L. and Koehler, R. D. and Bradley, L. A. and Bucknam, R. C. and LaPrade, W. T. and Cox, J. W. and Narwold, C. F.}
}
@article {2169,
	title = {Processes and rates of Holocene sedimentation in Santa Monica Bay, CA},
	journal = {EOS},
	volume = {Transactions of the American Geophysical Union},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 139},
	month = {2000},
	pages = {OS251},
	author = {Sommerfield, C. K. and Lee, H. J.}
}
@conference {1763,
	title = {Radiocarbon calibration and abruptchanges in atmospheric 14Cconcentration during Marine Isotope Stage 3},
	booktitle = {American Geophysical Union},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 327},
	month = {2000},
	address = {San Francisco, CA},
	author = {Hughen, K. A. and Southon, J. and Lehman, S. J. and Peterson, L. C. and Overpeck, J. T.}
}
@article {2187,
	title = {Radiocarbon-Based Estimates of the Groundwater Contribution to Estuarine Freshwater Budgets: An Example from Pages Creek, North Carolina},
	journal = {EOS},
	volume = {81},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 1315},
	month = {2000},
	pages = {S249},
	author = {McCorkle, D. C. and Gramling, C. M. and Mulligan, A. E. and Woods, T. L. and Lott, D. E.}
}
@article {636,
	title = {Stable chlorine isotopic compositions of aroclors and aroclor-contaminated sediments},
	journal = {Environmental Science \& Technology},
	volume = {34},
	year = {2000},
	note = {330rcTimes Cited:39Cited References Count:16},
	month = {Jul 1},
	pages = {2866-2870},
	abstract = {An exploratory investigation was conducted to evaluate if stable chlorine isotopic ratios of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) could be useful in studying the processes that determine their transport and fate in the environment First, we determined the variability of delta(37)Cl in the source materials for PCBs. Second, we determined if the delta(37)Cl values of contaminated environmental samples fell outside the range in source variability. The isotopic variability among the source materials (Aroclors) was rather small; delta(37)- Cl values ranged from -3.37 to -2.11\% (mean and standard deviation, -2.78 +/- 0.39\%, n = 12). There was no correlation between the delta(37)Cl values and percentages of chlorine in the mixtures. We also found very similar values in several Clophen mixtures and one Phenoclor. The delta(37)Cl values in the total PCBs isolated from Aroclor-contaminated sediments from the Hudson River, New Bedford Harbor, and Turtle River Estuary ranged from -4.54 to -2.25\% (n = 19). While most of the delta(37)Cl values were within 2 standard deviations of the mean Aroclor value (our assumed estimate for overall source variability), two of the PCB contaminated sediment samples from New Bedford Harbor did appear to be isotopically distinct. The PCBs in these sediments had lower amounts of less chlorinated congeners (when compared to the source material) and were likely isotopically affected by alteration processes that preferentially removed these congeners. Compound specific measurements of two congeners in Aroclor 1268 suggest that there are no large congener-specific differences in the stable chlorine isotope ratios in Aroclors. This study shows that the delta(37)Cl Values of PCBs may be a potentially useful diagnostic tool in studying the transport and fate of PCBs and indicates that additional research is warranted.},
	issn = {0013-936x},
	doi = {10.1021/es9908220},
	author = {Reddy, C. M. and Heraty, L. J. and Holt, B. D. and Sturchio, N. C. and Eglinton, T. I. and Drenzek, N. J. and Xu, L. and Lake, J. L. and Maruya, K. A.}
}
@conference {1807,
	title = {The tie-in of a varve-count chronology and radiocarbon dates: a method for addressing 14C-reservoir age},
	booktitle = {Climate Conference, LDGO},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 199},
	month = {2000},
	address = {Columbia University, New York},
	author = {Schimmelmann, A. and Lange, Carina B.}
}
@article {989,
	title = {Un registro de 8,000 anos del paleoclima del noroeste de Yucatan, Mexico},
	journal = {Revista de la Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 264},
	pages = {52-65},
	keywords = {Ciencias de la atm{\'o}sfera, Geolog{\'\i}a, M{\'e}xico, Paleoclima, Pen{\'\i}nsula de Yucat{\'a}n, Yucat{\'a}n},
	issn = {0186-7180},
	author = {Brenner, M. and Leyden, B. W. and Curtis, J. H. and Medina-Gonzalez, R. M. and Dahlin, B. H.}
}
@conference {1819,
	title = {Use of Natural C-14 Measurements to Examine Benthic Food Webs},
	booktitle = {National AGU/ASLO Meeting},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 1367},
	month = {2000},
	address = {San Antonio, TX},
	author = {DeMaster, D. J. and Fornes, W. L. and Smith, C. R. and Plaia, G. and Blair, N. E. and Levin, L. A.}
}
@article {764,
	title = {2-Methylhopanoids as biomarkers for cyanobacterial oxygenic photosynthesis},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {400},
	year = {1999},
	note = {223rtTimes Cited:510Cited References Count:28},
	month = {Aug 5},
	pages = {554-557},
	abstract = {Oxygenic photosynthesis is widely accepted as the most important bioenergetic process happening in Earth{\textquoteright}s surface environment(1). It is thought to have evolved within the cyanobacterial lineage, but it has been difficult to determine when it began. Evidence based on the occurrence and appearance of stromatolites(2) and microfossils{\textquoteright} indicates that phototrophy occurred as long ago as 3,465 Myr although no definite physiological inferences can be he made from these objects. Carbon isotopes and other geological phenomena(4,5) provide clues but are also equivocal, Biomarkers are potentially useful because the three domains of extant life-Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya-have signature membrane lipids with recalcitrant carbon skeletons. These lipids turn into hydrocarbons in sediments and can be found wherever the record is sufficiently well preserved. Here we show that 2-methylbacteriohopanepolyols occur in a high proportion of cultured cyanobacteria and cyanobacterial mats, Their 2-methylhopane hydrocarbon derivatives are abundant in organic-rich sediments as old as 2,500 Myr. These biomarkers may help constrain the age of the oldest cyanobacteria and the advent of oxygenic photosynthesis. They could also be used to quantify the ecological importance of cyanobacteria through geological time.},
	issn = {0028-0836},
	doi = {10.1038/23005},
	author = {Summons, R. E. and Jahnke, L. L. and Hope, J. M. and Logan, G. A.}
}
@conference {1579,
	title = {Biogenic silica and organic carbon in sediments from the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean.--Abstract},
	booktitle = {8th International Symposium on Antarctic Earch Sciences},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 286},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {119},
	address = {Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand},
	author = {Giglio, F. and Frignani, M. and Langone, L. and Morigi, C. and Pianosi, G. and Ravaioli, M.}
}
@article {931,
	title = {A continuous Holocene glacial record inferred from proglacial lake sediments in Banff National Park, Albert, Canada},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {51},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 48; illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch maps, 42 refs.},
	pages = {1-13},
	abstract = {Sediment cores from three proglacial lakes in northern Banff National Park, Alberta, preserve a record of Holocene glacial activity upvalley which is more continuous and better dated than available surficial records. Dating of the cores is based on tephrochronology and 16 AMS14C ages of terrestrial macrofossils. All cores contain a threefold sequence of lacustrine sediments overlying a late Pleistocene diamicton. Basal lacustrine sediments >10,10014C yr old contain little organic matter. Sediment composition indicates a large glacigenic contribution. A sharp increase in organic content marks the beginning of the Altithermal interval at all three lakes. This transition occurred abruptly at about 10,10014C yr B.P. at Crowfoot Lake and possibly more gradually at the other lakes. Altithermal sediments contain relatively little glacigenic material, and during most of the Altithermal, glaciers may have been absent above Crowfoot and Bow Lakes. Glaciers draining into Hector Lake appear to have persisted through the Altithermal. A subsequent decrease in organic content in each lake, reflecting increased clastic sedimentation, marks the end of the Altithermal and the onset of Neoglacial ice advances. The transition took place between about 5800 and 400014C yr B.P. and may be time-transgressive, beginning earlier in Hector Lake than in Crowfoot Lake. Changing Neoglacial clastic sedimentation rates through the Neoglacial interval indicate two main periods of increased glacier extent, between ca. 3000 and 1800 varve yr ago (ca. 2900{\textendash}190014C yr B.P.) and during the last several hundred years. During the intervening period glaciers were less extensive, but much more extensive than during the recessions of the Altithermal interval.},
	keywords = {Canadian Rocky Mountains, glacial history, glaciolacustrine sedimentation, Holocene; Altithermal},
	doi = {10.1006/qres.1998.2009},
	author = {Leonard, Eric M. and Reasoner, Mel A.}
}
@article {765,
	title = {Cool surface waters of the subtropical North Pacific Ocean during the last glacial},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {397},
	year = {1999},
	note = {166knTimes Cited:31Cited References Count:29},
	month = {Feb 11},
	pages = {512-514},
	abstract = {One of the most controversial results of the CLIMAP(1,2) project{\textquoteright}s reconstruction of past sea surface temperature (SST) is that large areas of the subtropical Pacific Ocean were warmer during the last glacial period than they are today. This finding has important implications because SST patterns at low to subtropical latitudes strongly influence climate, and SST changes are closely linked with climate fluctuations(3-5). Until now, a lack of well-preserved, high-resolution marine sediment cores from the region has hindered efforts to confirm these unexpectedly high ice-age SST estimates. Here we use both the oxygen-isotope compositions and species assemblages of planktonic foraminifera in a shallow-water core with high deposition rates near Hawaii to estimate glacial SST of the subtropical North Pacific Ocean, Contrary to the CLIMAP results(2), our data indicate that the annual average SST in this region was similar to 2 degrees C cooler during the last glaciation than it is today, These results help to reconcile the marine SST record with inferences drawn from snowline depressions on Hawaii during the last glacial(3,6), and should ultimately yield improved estimates of global climate sensitivity by providing important new constraints on climate model simulations of ice-age cycles.},
	issn = {0028-0836},
	doi = {10.1038/17357},
	author = {Lee, K. E. and Slowey, N. C.}
}
@conference {1612,
	title = {The distribution and carbon isotopic composition of dissolved organic matter in Florida Everglades (abstract)},
	booktitle = {The Sixth Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 165},
	month = {1999},
	author = {Wang, Y. and Hsieh, Y. P. and Landing, W. M. and Salters, V. and Cooper, W. and Proctor, L.}
}
@article {772,
	title = {A geostrophic transport estimate for the Florida Current from the oxygen isotope composition of benthic foraminifera},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {14},
	year = {1999},
	note = {198xcTimes Cited:81Cited References Count:45},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {360-373},
	abstract = {We present a new method for the quantitative reconstruction of upper ocean flows for during times in the past. For the warm (T>5 degrees C) surface ocean, density can be accurately reconstructed from calcite precipitated in equilibrium with seawater, as both of these properties increase with decreasing temperature and increasing salinity. Vertical density profiles can be reconstructed from the oxygen isotopic composition of benthic foraminifera. The net volume transport between two vertical density profiles can be calculated using the geostrophic method. Using benthic foraminifera from surface sediment samples from either side of the Florida Straits (Florida Keys and Little Bahama Bank), we reconstruct two vertical density profiles and calculate a volume transport of 32 Sv using this method. This agrees well with estimates from physical oceanographic methods of 30-32 Sv for the mean annual volume transport. We explore the sensitivity of this technique to various changes in the relationship between temperature and salinity as well as salinity and the oxygen isotopic composition of seawater.},
	issn = {0883-8305},
	doi = {10.1029/1999pa900001},
	author = {Lynch-Stieglitz, J. and Curry, W. B. and Slowey, N.}
}
@article {2218,
	title = {Holocene surface faulting in the Seattle fault zone, Bainbridge Island, Washington},
	journal = {Seismological Research Letters},
	volume = {70},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 1404},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {233},
	author = {Nelson, A. R. and Pezzopane, S. K. and Bucknam, R. C. and Koehler, R. D. and Narwold, C. F. and Kelsey, H. M. and Sherrod, B. L. and LaPrade, W. T. and Wells, R. E. and Johnson, S. Y.}
}
@inbook {1471,
	title = {Installation of a 134-Sample MC-SNICS Ion Source at NOSAMS and first results},
	booktitle = {Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 1724},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {247-251},
	publisher = {North-Holland},
	organization = {North-Holland},
	address = {Vienna, Austria},
	author = {von Reden, Karl F. and Bellino, Mary and Long, Patricia and Schneider, Robert J. and Loger, Roger},
	editor = {Kutschera, W.}
}
@mastersthesis {1322,
	title = {An investigation of a transition in glacial landforms in southeastern Main. Thesis},
	volume = {M.S.},
	year = {1999},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {118},
	school = {University of Maine},
	author = {Lurvey, L. Kirk}
}
@article {2239,
	title = {Late Quaternary stratigraphy of Marresale, Yamal Peninsula, Russia: new constraints on the footprint of the Eurasian ice sheet},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {27},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 370},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {807-810},
	author = {Forman, S. L. and Ingolfsson, O. and Manley, W. F. and Lokrantz, H.}
}
@article {832,
	title = {Long-term fluxes and budget of ferric iron: implication for the redox states of the Earth{\textquoteright}s mantle and atmosphere},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {165},
	year = {1999},
	note = {160gtTimes Cited:87Cited References Count:66},
	month = {Jan 30},
	pages = {197-211},
	abstract = {Net flux of ferric iron from the subducted oceanic crust to the mantle has been estimated to constrain the evolution of the redox state of the Earth{\textquoteright}s mantle. The main mechanism responsible for the transfer of ferric iron towards the mantle is the production of magnetite during the hydrothermal alteration of the oceanic crust. Both modeling and compilation of chemical data lead to a flux of 21 x 10(3) kg s(-1) of ferric iron transported by the subducted oceanic crust. The net flux of ferric iron towards the deep mantle is estimated to be 12 x 10(3) kg s(-1) when corrected from the production rates of basic magmas at oceanic ridges, island arcs, and hot spots. We discuss several hypotheses. Ferric iron could react at depth with reduced species that buffer the redox state of the mantle to its present-day value. One possible mechanism could be the reaction of this ferric iron with the core that would have been reduced by only 500 m since 2 Ga. At the opposite, we may also consider that ferric iron accumulates in the deep mantle, being possibly accepted by the structure of spinel, garnet, and perovskite. The transfer of ferric iron from subducted slabs to the mantle contributes from 10 to 25\% in the global budget of the ferric iron component of the mantle. The long-term loss of ferric iron from the Earth{\textquoteright}s surface may be considered as a plausible mechanism to regulate the photosynthetic production of molecular oxygen. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0012-821x},
	doi = {10.1016/S0012-821x(98)00267-2},
	author = {Lecuyer, C. and Ricard, Y.}
}
@article {2241,
	title = {Millennial-scale climate changes in ventilation of the thermocline, intermediate and deep waters of the glacial North Atlantic},
	journal = {Geophysical Monograph series},
	volume = {AGU Chapman Conference volume 112},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 207},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {59-76},
	author = {Curry, W. B. and Marchitto, T. M. and McManus, J. F. and Oppo, D. W. and L, Laarkamp K.}
}
@inbook {1388,
	title = {The North Atlantic{\textquoteright}s 1-2 kyr climate rhythm: Relation to Heinrich events, Dansgaard/Oeschger cycles and the Little Ice Age (Book Section)},
	booktitle = {Mechanisms of global climate change at mellennial time scales},
	series = {Geophysical Monograph Series 112},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 216},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {35-58},
	author = {Bond, G. C. and Showers, W. and Elliot, M. and Evans, M. and Lotti, R. and Hajdas, I. and Bonani, G. and Johnson, S.},
	editor = {Webb, R. and D, Keigwin L.}
}
@inbook {1436,
	title = {The overturning circulation of the glacial Atlantic: A view from the top},
	booktitle = {Reconstructing Ocean History: A Window into the Future},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 1364},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {7-31},
	publisher = {Kluwer Academic/Plenum},
	organization = {Kluwer Academic/Plenum},
	address = {New York},
	author = {Lynch-Stieglitz, J. and Curry, W. B. and Slowey, N. and Schmidt, G. A.},
	editor = {Abrantes, F.}
}
@conference {1727,
	title = {The overturning circulation of the glacial Atlantic: A view from the top},
	booktitle = {Sixth International Conference on Paleoceanography},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 1337},
	month = {1999},
	author = {Lynch-Stieglitz, J. and Curry, W. B. and Slowey, N. C.}
}
@conference {1731,
	title = {Paleoceanographic changes in the Southern Ocean (Pacific Sector) during the last 14 ka.- -Abstract},
	booktitle = {Third International SO-JGOFS Symposium},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 1426},
	month = {1999},
	address = {Brest},
	author = {Morigo, C. and Capotondi, L. and Ravaioli, M. and Giglio, F. and Turi, B. and Brilli, M. and Langone, L.}
}
@conference {1742,
	title = {Planktic foraminifera and oxygen isotope as proxies for paleoceanographic reconstruction in the Southern Ocean during the last deglacial time--Abstract},
	booktitle = {Convegno Glaciologia e Paleoclima},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 1425},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {70-71},
	address = {Padova},
	author = {Morigi, C. and Capotondi, L. and Ravaioli, M. and Giglio, F. and Turi, B. and Brilli, M. and Frignani, M. and Langone, L.}
}
@conference {1750,
	title = {A preliminary model-data comparison for bomb-14C in the Pacific thermocline},
	booktitle = {WOCE-AIMS Tracer Workshop},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 313},
	month = {1999},
	address = {Bremen, Germany},
	author = {Rogers, K. and Peacock, S. and Latif, M. and Key, R. M.}
}
@article {774,
	title = {Similar glacial and Holocene deep water circulation inferred from southeast Pacific benthic foraminiferal carbon isotope composition},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {14},
	year = {1999},
	note = {179kdTimes Cited:61Cited References Count:90},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {149-163},
	abstract = {We present Holocene and last glacial maximum (LGM) oxygen and carbon isotope measurements on Planulina wuellerstorfi in six southeast Pacific cores. Sedimentation rates are low in this part of the ocean, acid measurements were made on individual foraminiferal shells in order to identify the Holocene and glacial individuals on the basis of their extreme delta(18)O. The new delta(13)C data were combined with previous P. wuellerstorfi data for interpretation of global thermohaline circulation. Data from the Southern Ocean were examined closely for regional coherency and a few anomalous delta(13)C values suspected of having productivity overprint were removed. The resulting global delta(13)C distributions and gradients indicate that the deep water circulation was similar during the Holocene and LGM. This interpretation brings delta(13)C data to a better agreement with Cd/Ca data and marks a sharp contrast with a widely held view based on delta(13)C measurements that the glacial Southern Ocean was the terminus of the thermohaline circulation. The proposed presence of glacial North Atlantic Deep Water does not necessarily contradict the postulated presence of Glacial North Atlantic Intermediate Water.},
	issn = {0883-8305},
	doi = {10.1029/1998pa900028},
	author = {Matsumoto, K. and Lynch-Stieglitz, J.}
}
@article {396,
	title = {Simulated time-dependent climate response to solar radiative forcing since 1600},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres},
	volume = {104},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 1945; PT: J; UT: WOS:000078242200003},
	pages = {1973-1990},
	abstract = {Estimated solar irradiance variations since 1500 have been used to force the GISS atmospheric GCM coupled to a mixed layer "q-flux" ocean with heat diffusion through the bottom of the mixed layer. The goal is to assess solar-induced climate change in preindustrial and postindustrial epochs. Six simulations and control runs were made to test the effects of different initial conditions, estimates of initial solar forcing conditions, and ocean heat uptake. The results show that an estimated solar forcing increase of 0.25\% accounts for a 0.45 degrees C temperature increase since 1600 and an increase of about 0.2 degrees C over the past 100 years. Global surface temperatures lag solar fluctuations by up to 10 years; the lag is greater over the oceans and so is the correlation due to reduced noise. With only a mixed layer ocean the phase lag is 5 years less. Solar forcing and water vapor feedback each directly account for 35\% of the temperature response, with cloud cover changes contributing 20\% and sea ice/snow cover 10\%. Uncertainty in the initial radiation imbalance or solar forcing affects the surface temperatures for 60-90 years. Modeled and observed periodicities show dominance of long-period forcing (>50 years), as provided by the solar input in these experiments. Tropical temperatures correlate best with solar forcing, due to the influence of water vapor feedback, especially at these multidecadal periods. Sea ice and extratropical temperatures have less long-period power, while high-frequency fluctuations dominate simulated cloud cover variations, which are relatively independent of solar forcing changes. Global and extratropical precipitation increase as the climate warms, but not low and subtropical precipitation, due to conflicting influences of absolute temperature and temperature gradient changes. Solar forcing by itself was not sufficient to produce the rapid warming during the last several decades. A comparison experiment varying trace gas forcing suggests that if the solar estimate is correct, then negative forcing by tropospheric aerosols (and perhaps volcanoes, ozone, and land use changes) has been about -1.2 W m(-)2 since 1700, implying approximately equal contribution from direct and indirect tropospheric aerosol effects.},
	issn = {0747-7309},
	doi = {10.1029/1998JD200020},
	author = {Rind, D. and Lean, J. and Healy, R.}
}
@article {1485,
	title = {The speciation and sources of dissolved phosphorus in the Everglades (Report)},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 1348},
	month = {1999},
	author = {Copper, W. and Hsieh, Y. P. and Landing, W. M. and Proctor, L. and Salters, V. and Wang, Y.}
}
@article {2227,
	title = {Terminal Proterozoic Mid-Shelf Benthic Microbial Mats in the Centralian Supervasin and their Environmental Significance},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {63},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 1734},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {1345-1358},
	author = {Logan, Graham A. and Calver, Clive R. and Gorjan, Paul and Summons, Roger E. and Hayes, John M. and Walter, Malcolm R.}
}
@article {758,
	title = {Weaker Gulf Stream in the Florida straits during the last glacial maximum},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {402},
	year = {1999},
	note = {264pcTimes Cited:122Cited References Count:31},
	month = {Dec 9},
	pages = {644-648},
	abstract = {As it passes through the Florida Straits, the Gulf Stream consists of two main components: the western boundary flow of the wind-driven subtropical gyre and the northward-flowing surface and intermediate waters which are part of the {\textquoteright}global conveyor belt{\textquoteright} compensating for the deep water that is exported from the North Atlantic Ocean(1), The mean flow through the Straits is largely in geostrophic balance and is thus reflected in the contrast in seawater density across the Straits(2). Here we use oxygen-isotope ratios of benthic foraminifera which lived along the ocean margins on the boundaries of the Florida Current during the Last Glacial Maximum to determine the density structure in the water and thereby reconstruct transport through the Straits using the geostrophic method-a technique which has been used successfully for estimating present-day flow(3). Our data suggest that during the Last Glacial Maximum, the density contrast across the Florida Straits was reduced, with the geostrophic flow, referenced to the bottom of the channel, at only about two-thirds of the modern value. If the wind-driven western boundary flow was not lower during the Last Glacial Maximum than today, these results indicate a significantly weaker conveyor-belt component of the Gulf Stream compared to present-day values. Whereas previous studies based on tracers suggested that deep waters of North Atlantic origin were not widespread during glacial times, indicating either a relatively weak or a shallow overturning cell, our results provide evidence that the overturning cell was indeed weaker during glacial times.},
	issn = {0028-0836},
	doi = {10.1038/45204},
	author = {Lynch-Stieglitz, J. and Curry, W. B. and Slowey, N.}
}
@article {952,
	title = {A Younger Dryas Temperature Reversal in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific, EOS, Transactions},
	journal = {AGU, 1999 Fall Meeting},
	volume = {80},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 167; 46},
	pages = {530},
	author = {Koutavas, A. and Lynch-Stieglitz, J.}
}
@article {2251,
	title = {A 25,000-year tropical climate history from bolivian ice cores},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {282},
	year = {1998},
	note = {ThompsonDavis
Mosley-Thompson
Sowers
Henderson
Zagorodnov
Lin
Mikhalenko
Campen
Bolzan
Cole-Dai
Francou
eng
1998/12/04 03:02
Science. 1998 Dec 4;282(5395):1858-64.
},
	month = {Dec 04},
	pages = {1858-64},
	abstract = {Ice cores that were recovered from the summit of Sajama mountain in Bolivia provide carbon-14-dated tropical records and extend to the Late Glacial Stage (LGS). Oxygen isotopic ratios of the ice decreased 5.4 per mil between the early Holocene and the Last Glacial Maximum, which is consistent with values from other ice cores. The abrupt onset and termination of a Younger Dryas-type event suggest atmospheric processes as the probable drivers. Regional accumulation increased during the LGS, during deglaciation, and over the past 3000 years, which is concurrent with higher water levels in regional paleolakes. Unlike polar cores, Sajama glacial ice contains eight times less dust than the Holocene ice, which reflects wetter conditions and extensive snow cover.},
	isbn = {1095-9203 (Electronic)0036-8075 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1126/science.282.5395.1858},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9836630},
	author = {Thompson, L. G. and Davis, M. E. and Mosley-Thompson, E. and Sowers, T. A. and Henderson, K. A. and Zagorodnov, V. S. and Lin, P. and Mikhalenko, V. N. and Campen, R. K. and Bolzan, J. F. and Cole-Dai, J. and Francou, B.}
}
@article {836,
	title = {The chemical composition of subducting sediment and its consequences for the crust and mantle},
	journal = {Chemical Geology},
	volume = {145},
	year = {1998},
	note = {Zv404Times Cited:1407Cited References Count:173},
	month = {Apr 15},
	pages = {325-394},
	abstract = {Subducted sediments play an important role in are magmatism and crust-mantle recycling. Models of continental growth, continental composition, convergent margin magmatism and mantle heterogeneity all require a better understanding of the mass and chemical fluxes associated with subducting sediments. We have evaluated subducting sediments on a global basis in order to better define their chemical systematics and to determine both regional and global average compositions. We then use these compositions to assess the importance of sediments to are volcanism and crust-mantle recycling, and to re-evaluate the chemical composition of the continental crust. The large variations in the chemical composition of marine sediments are for the most part linked to the main lithological constituents. The alkali elements (K, Rb and Cs) and high field strength elements (Ti, Nb, Hf, Zr) an closely linked to the detrital phase in marine sediments; Th is largely detrital but may be enriched in the hydrogenous Fe-Mn component of sediments; REE patterns are largely continental, but abundances are closely linked to fish debris phosphate; U is mostly detrital, but also dependent on the supply and burial rate of organic matter; Ba is linked to both biogenic barite and hydrothermal components; Sr is linked to carbonate phases. Thus, the important geochemical tracers follow the lithology of the sediments. Sediment lithologies are controlled in turn by a small number of factors: proximity of detrital sources (volcanic and continental); biological productivity and preservation of carbonate and opal; and sedimentation rate. Because of the link with lithology and the wealth of lithological data routinely collected for ODP and DSDP drill cores, bulk geochemical averages can be calculated to better than 30\% for most elements from fewer than ten chemical analyses for a typical drill core (100-1000 m). Combining the geochemical systematics with convergence rate and other parameters permits calculation of regional compositional fluxes for subducting sediment. These regional fluxes can be compared to the compositions of are volcanics to asses the importance of sediment subduction to are volcanism. For the 70\% of the trenches worldwide where estimates can be made, the regional fluxes also provide the basis for a global subducting sediment (GLOSS) composition and flux. GLOSS is dominated by terrigenous material (76 wt\% terrigenous, 7 wt\% calcium carbonate, 10 wt\% opal, 7 wt\% mineral-bound H2O+), and therefore similar to upper continental crust (UCC) in composition. Exceptions include enrichment in Ba, Mn and the middle and heavy REE, and depletions in detrital elements diluted by biogenic material (alkalis, Th, Zr, Hf). Sr and Pb are identical in GLOSS and UCC as a result of a balance between dilution and enrichment by marine phases. GLOSS and the systematics of marine sediments provide an independent approach to the composition of the upper continental crust for detrital elements. Significant discrepancies of up to a factor of two exist between the marine sediment data and current upper crustal estimates for Cs, Nb, Ta and Ti. Suggested revisions to UCC include Cs (7.3 ppm), Nb (13.7 ppm), Ta (0.96 ppm) and TiO2  (0.76 wt\%). These revisions affect recent bulk continental crust estimates for La/Nb and U/Nb, and lead to an even greater contrast between the continents and mantle for these important trace element ratios. GLOSS and the regional sediment data also provide new insights into the mantle sources of oceanic basalts.The classical geochemical distinction between {\textquoteright}pelagic{\textquoteright} and {\textquoteright}terrigenous{\textquoteright} sediment sources is not valid and needs to be replaced by a more comprehensive understanding of the compositional variations in complete sedimentary columns. In addition, isotopic arguments based on surface sediments alone can lead to erroneous conclusions. Specifically, the Nd/Hf ratio of GLOSS relaxes considerably the severe constraints on the amount of sediment recycling into the mantle based on earlier estimates from surface sediment compositions. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0009-2541},
	doi = {10.1016/S0009-2541(97)00150-2},
	author = {Plank, T. and Langmuir, C. H.}
}
@article {873,
	title = {Cultural and climatic history of Coba, a lowland Maya city in Quintana Roo, Mexico},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {49},
	year = {1998},
	note = {Yz880Times Cited:59Cited References Count:46},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {111-122},
	abstract = {Lake Coba, within the archaeological site of Coba, provides evidence bearing on lowland Maya development, Palynological and geochemical data record multidecadal precipitation cycles from a 8.80-m, >8370-yr lake-sediment sequence terminating on bedrock. Late Classic sedimentation rates are rapid, but an anthropogenically derived colluvium layer is lacking, Initial vegetation was medium semi-deciduous and swamp forest. Forest clearance began 1650 B.C. (Early Preclassic) and maize first occurred at 850 B.C. (Middle Preclassic). Lakeside milpas existed until A.D. 720 (Late Classic) and then were moved from the city center as urbanization intensified and Lake Coba was diked as a reservoir. Coba was at most briefly vacated during the Classic Collapse and was abandoned after A.D. 1240, although some habitation persisted. The paleoecological record matches the archaeological history for Coba, but pervasive disturbance muted the climatic signal, as the Late Classic drought is barely evident. The question whether economic trees were maintained within the city is unresolved, Maize cultivation allowed the Maya to develop a complex society and support a large population, but dependence on maize was ultimately doomed by variable rainfall. Precipitation in extreme years was insufficient to support crops, while native vegetation was not directly affected by drought that devastated Maya agriculture, (C) 1998 University of Washington.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1006/qres.1997.1941},
	author = {Leyden, B. W. and Brenner, M. and Dahlin, B. H.}
}
@article {2266,
	title = {Evidence for episodic calcium-carbonate dissolution in the subpolar North Atlantic during the last glaciation},
	journal = {EOS},
	year = {1998},
	note = {id: 171},
	month = {1998},
	pages = {179-180},
	author = {McManus, J. F. and Lohmann, G. P.}
}
@conference {1646,
	title = {High-precision Measurements of 14C as a Circulation Tracer in the Pacific, Indian, and Southern Oceans with Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS)},
	booktitle = {8th International Conference on Heavy Ion Accelerator Technology},
	year = {1998},
	note = {id: 1636},
	month = {1998},
	address = {Argonne National Lab},
	author = {von Reden, K. F. and Peden, J. C. and Schneider, R. J. and Bellino, M. and Donoghue, J. and Elder, K. L. and Gagnon, A. R. and Long, P. and McNichol, A. P. and Morin, T. and Stuart, D. and Hayes, J. M. and Key, R. M.},
	editor = {Shepard, K. American Institute of Physics}
}
@article {777,
	title = {Overview of the eruption of Soufriere Hills volcano, Montserrat, 18 July 1995 to December 1997},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {25},
	year = {1998},
	note = {119mkTimes Cited:102Cited References Count:7},
	month = {Sep 15},
	pages = {3389-3392},
	abstract = {The onset of phreatic volcanic activity at the Soufriere Hills volcano, Montserrat on 18 July 1995 followed a three-year period of heightened volcano-seismic activity beneath the island. Phreatic explosions gave way to continuous eruption of juvenile andesitic magma in the form of a lava dome on or around 15 November 1995. Magma production rate has varied, leading to changes in eruptive style. An explosive eruption on 17 September 1996 followed a period of enhanced dome growth and large-scale gravitational collapses from its eastern flank. Increasing dome volume led to stressing and overtopping of the confining crater walls to the southwest, north and west during early 1997. Sustained high magma production rate since June 1997 has led to three periods of major gravitational dome collapses followed by vulcanian explosive eruptions. Dome growth re-started immediately after the cessation of the latest of these explosive phases in October 1997 and continues as of December 1997.},
	issn = {0094-8276},
	doi = {10.1029/98gl01405},
	author = {Young, S. R. and Sparks, R. S. J. and Aspinall, W. P. and Lynch, L. L. and Miller, A. D. and Robertson, R. E. A. and Shepherd, J. B.}
}
@article {2276,
	title = {Status Report of the National Ocean Sciences AMS Facility at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution: Operations and Recent Developments},
	journal = {15th International Conference on the Applications of Accelerators in Research and Industry},
	volume = {A.I.P. Conference Proceedings},
	year = {1998},
	note = {id: 1647},
	month = {1998},
	pages = {644-647},
	author = {Bellino, M. and von Reden, K. F. and Schneider, R. J. and Peden, J. C. and Donoghue, J. and Elder, K. L. and Gagnon, A. R. and Long, P. and McNichol, A. P. and Odegaard, A. P. and Stuart, D. and Handwork, S. and Hayes, J. M.}
}
@article {2253,
	title = {Un registro de 6,000 anos de manifestaciones intensas del fenomeno de El Nino en sedimentos de lagunas de las Islas Galapagos},
	journal = {Bulletin de l{\textquoteright}Institut Francais d{\textquoteright}Etudes Andines},
	volume = {27},
	year = {1998},
	note = {id: 196},
	month = {1998},
	pages = {581-592},
	author = {Steinitz-Kannan, M. and Riedinger, M. A. and Last, W. M. and Brenner, M. and Miller, M. C.}
}
@article {935,
	title = {Water-induced errors in continuous-flow carbon isotope ratio mass spectrometry},
	journal = {Anal Chem},
	volume = {70},
	year = {1998},
	note = {Leckrone, K JHayes, J MengResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}tResearch Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Non-P.H.S.1998/07/17Anal Chem. 1998 Jul 1;70(13):2737-44.},
	month = {Jul 01},
	pages = {2737-44},
	abstract = {Formation of HCO2+ from CO2 and background H2O in isotope ratio mass spectrometers has been examined in detail. The process is troublesome because its product is not resolved from 13C16O2+. The resulting, artifactual enhancement of the mass 45 ion current (and analogous enhancement of the mass 46 ion current by transfer of hydrogen to mass 45 species) can cause systematic errors in analyses of 13C based on measurement of ion current ratios in the mass spectrum of CO2. Such errors are neutralized when isotopic analyses are based on differential comparisons in which ion currents and background water levels are precisely equal during admission and ionization of both sample and standard gases. In continuous-flow systems, however, that requirement is generally not met. The resulting systematic error is proportional to the 18/44 ion current ratio. When the widely used MAT252 mass spectrometer is tuned to yield maximum sensitivity, the constant of proportionality is 26 +/- 2/1000 (i.e., the error will be 0.26/1000 if the mass 18 ion current is 100 times smaller than that at mass 44). Errors can be reduced 5-fold when the ion-source residence time of CO2+ is decreased by use of stronger ion-extraction potential gradients. Under those same conditions, sensitivity is decreased by 60\%. For operation at highest sensitivity, carrier gas dew points on the order of -70 degrees C are required to obtain errors < or = 0.1/1000 for samples yielding mass 44 ion currents of 10 nA. Carrier gas dew points < or = -80 degrees C are conveniently reached by use of a Nafion dryer operated at approximately 0 degree C.},
	issn = {0003-2700 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1021/ac9803434},
	author = {Leckrone, K. J. and Hayes, J. M.}
}
@article {2291,
	title = {Carbon isotopic fractionation associated with lipid biosynthesis by a cyanobacterium: relevance for interpretation of biomarker records},
	journal = {Geochim Cosmochim Acta},
	volume = {61},
	year = {1997},
	note = {Sakata, SHayes, J M
McTaggart, A R
Evans, R A
Leckrone, K J
Togasaki, R K
eng
Research Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Non-P.H.S.
1997/01/01 00:00
Geochim Cosmochim Acta. 1997;61(24):5379-89.
},
	month = {1997},
	pages = {5379-89},
	abstract = {For the cyanobacterium Synechocystis UTEX 2470, grown photoautotrophically to a logarithmic stage of growth, the total lipid extract is depleted in 13C by 4.8\% relative to average biomass. Depletions observed for acetogenic (straight-chain) lipids range from 7.6 (hexadecanoic acid) to 9.9\% (a C16 n-alkyl chain bound in a polar-lipid fraction), with a mass-weighted average of 9.1\%. Polyisoprenoid lipids fall into two isotopic groups, with phytol, diplopterol, and diploptene depleted by 6.4-6.9\% and bishomohopanol (produced from the extracts by the preparative degradation of bacteriohopanepolyol) depleted by 8.4\%. Analysis of the pattern of depletions indicates that two carbon positions in each C5 biomonomer leading to polyisoprenoid products are probably depleted in 13C relative to average biomass. The depletion of bacteriohopanepolyol relative to other polyisoprenoids can be ascribed to changes that occur over the life of each cell: (1) the 13C content of carbon flowing to lipid biosynthesis decreases as the cell size increases and (2) a greater proportion of the bacteriohopanepolyol which, unlike other polyisoprenoids, is present mainly in the cytoplasm rather than in membranes and is synthesized when cells are larger. Chlorophyll a is depleted relative to average biomass by O.7\%. Given the observed depletion of 13C in phytol, the heteroaromatic, chlorophyllide portion of chlorophyll must be enriched in 13C by 2.7\%. This enrichment is large relative to that in chlorophyllides produced by eukaryotes and may be related to a parallel enrichment of 13C in cyanobacterial glutamic acid. As in many previous investigations of cyanobacterial lipids, long-chain n-alkanes (C22-C29) are found in the extracts. They are, however, enriched in 13C relative to biomass and have isotopic compositions suggesting that they are contaminants of petrochemical origin. Available results indicate that cyanobacterial lipids will be depleted relative to dissolved CO2 that has served as a carbon source by 22-30\% and that a wider range of depletions will be characteristic of eukaryotic products. The absence of long-chain n-alkanes in cyanobacteria reduces the possibility that petroleum ever formed from pre-eukaryotic sedimentary debris.},
	keywords = {*Biomass, Acetic Acid/metabolism, Alkanes/*analysis/chemistry, Biomarkers/chemistry, carbon isotopes, Carbon/*chemistry, Chlorophyll/metabolism, Cyanobacteria/chemistry/*metabolism, Geologic Sediments/*chemistry, Lipids/*biosynthesis, NASA Discipline Exobiology, Non-NASA Center, Palmitic Acid/metabolism, Phytol/metabolism, Pigments, Biological/metabolism},
	isbn = {0016-7037 (Print)0016-7037 (Linking)
},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11540730},
	author = {Sakata, S. and Hayes, J. M. and McTaggart, A. R. and Evans, R. A. and Leckrone, K. J. and Togasaki, R. K.}
}
@article {1002,
	title = {Consistent Fractionation of 13C in Nature and in the Laboratory: Growth-rate Effects in Some Haptophyte Algae},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	volume = {11},
	year = {1997},
	note = {id: 1727},
	pages = {279-292},
	abstract = {The carbon isotopic fractionation accompanying formation of biomass by alkenone-producing algae in natural marine environments varies systematically with the concentration of dissolved phosphate. Specifically, if the fractionation is expressed by єP ≈ δe - δp, where δe and δp are the δ13C values for dissolved CO2 and for algal biomass (determined by isotopic analysis of C37 alkadienones), respectively, and if Ce is the concentration of dissolved CO2, μmol kg-1, then b = 38 + 160*[PO4], where [PO4] is the concentration of dissolved phosphate, μM, and b = (25 - єp)Ce. The correlation found between b and [PO4] is due to effects linking nutrient levels to growth rates and cellular carbon budgets for alkenone-containing algae, most likely by trace-metal limitations on algal growth. The relationship reported here is characteristic of 39 samples (r2 = 0.95) from the Santa Monica Basin (six different times during the annual cycle), the equatorial Pacific (boreal spring and fall cruises as well as during an iron-enrichment experiment), and the Peru upwelling zone. Points representative of samples from the Sargasso Sea ([PO4] <= 0.1 μM) fall above the b = f[PO4] line. Analysis of correlations expected between μ (growth rate), єp, and Ce shows that, for our entire data set, most variations in єp result from variations in μ rather than Ce. Accordingly, before concentrations of dissolved CO2 can be estimated from isotopic fractionations, some means of accounting for variations in growth rate must be found, perhaps by drawing on relationships between [PO4] and Cd/Ca ratios in shells of planktonic foraminifera.},
	doi = {10.1029/96GB03939},
	author = {Bidigare, Robert R. and Fluegge, Arnim and Freeman, Katherine H. and Hanson, Kristi L. and Hayes, John M. and Hollander, David and Jasper, John P. and King, Linda L. and Laws, Edward A. and Milder, Jeffrey and Millero, Frank J. and Pancost, Richard and Popp, Brian N. and Sternberg, Paul A. and Wakeham, Stuart G.}
}
@article {936,
	title = {Efficiency and temperature dependence of water removal by membrane dryers},
	journal = {Anal Chem},
	volume = {69},
	year = {1997},
	note = {Leckrone, K JHayes, J MengComparative StudyResearch Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Non-P.H.S.1997/03/01 00:00Anal Chem. 1997 Mar 1;69(5):911-8.},
	month = {Mar 01},
	pages = {911-8},
	abstract = {The vapor pressure of water in equilibrium with sorption sites within a Nafion membrane is given by log P(WN) = -3580/T + 10.01, where P(WN) is expressed in Torr and T is the membrane temperature, in kelvin. The efficiency of dryers based on selective permeation of water through Nafion can thus be enhanced by cooling the membrane. Residual water in effluents exceeds equilibrium levels if insufficient time is allowed for water to diffuse to the membrane surface as gas passes through the dryer. For tubular configurations, this limitation can be avoided if L > or = Fc(10(3.8)/120 pi D), where L is the length of the tubular membrane, in centimeters, Fc is the gas flow rate, in mL/ min, and D is the diffusion coefficient for water in the carrier gas at the operating temperature of the dryer, in cm2/s. An efficient dryer that at room temperature dries gas to a dew point of -61 degrees C is described; the same dryer maintained at 0 degrees C yields a dew point of -80 degrees C and removes water as effectively as Mg(ClO4)2 or a dry ice/acetone slush. The use of Nafion membranes to construct devices capable of delivering gas streams with low but precisely controlled humidities is discussed.},
	issn = {0003-2700 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1021/ac9610220},
	author = {Leckrone, K. J. and Hayes, J. M.}
}
@article {907,
	title = {Eruption of Soufriere Hills Volcano in Montserrat},
	journal = {EOS},
	volume = {78},
	year = {1997},
	note = {id: 99},
	pages = {401-408},
	abstract = {On July 18,1995, the Soufriere Hills volcano in Montserrat erupted for the first time in recorded history. The eruption began with intense fumarolic venting and phreatic explosions following 3 years of elevated seismicity. An andesite lava dome emerged on November 15, 1995, and continued to grow, with several periods of copious pyroclastic flow generation and an explosive eruption on September 17, 1996. The largest pyroclastic flows to date (on June 25, 1997) and a period of vulcanian explosions with fountain collapse (during early August 1997) indicate continued escalation of the eruption.},
	doi = {10.1029/97EO00255},
	author = {Young, S. R. and Sparks, S. and Robertson, R. and Lynch, L. and Aspinall, W.}
}
@article {721,
	title = {Foraminiferal constraints on very high-resolution seismic stratigraphy and late Quaternary glacial history, New Jersey continental shelf},
	journal = {Palaios},
	volume = {12},
	year = {1997},
	note = {Xf026Times Cited:19Cited References Count:39},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {249-266},
	abstract = {Internal stratigraphy of a Late Quaternary sediment wedge on the New Jersey outer continental shelf has been investigated using regional and 3-D seismic surveys, sediment cores and foraminiferal biofacies analysis. Results from the study help constrain Late Wisconsinan glacial/deglacial history in this area. Three major reflectors (channels, S and R) define 5 stratigraphic units: S1-modern sediments; S2-sands overlying a channelized surface (Channels reflector); S3-muds, clays and sandy muds below the channelized surface and above reflector S; S4-an unsampled unit between reflectors S and R; and S5-sands underlying reflector R, the fatter surface defining the base of the sediment wedge. Multivariate quantitative analysis delineates four major faunal groups characterizing these stratigraphic units. Faunal patterns are interpreted in terms of modern foraminiferal distributions, planktonic/benthic ratios and faunal abundance patterns. Group A dominates units S2 and S5 and is characterized by Cibicides lobatulus and Cassidulina islandica. The fauna indicates middle neritic water depths, moderate to high current energy, and moderate accumulation rates. Group B dominates unit S3 (muddy unit) and is characterized by Elphidium excavatum s.l., Buccella frigida, Fursenkoina fusiformis and miliolid spp. This fauna represents an environment with no modern analogue on the New Jersey continental shelf reflecting middle neritic, low-energy conditions and the accumulation of predominantly muddy sediments. Group C dominates the modern sediment veneer (unit S1), and its diverse fauna is consistent with modern faunal distributions and environmental conditions. Group D consists of a low-diversity fauna dominated by Fursenkoina fusiformis and Nonionella sp., which characterizes a few samples in unit S3. Environmental conditions are probably similar to those described for faunal group B. The distribution and interpretation of these faunas, combined with preliminary C-14 AMS dates, indicate that the Quaternary history of the outer-shelf sediment wedge involves a middle Wisconsinan unconformity (R), overlain by an unsampled unit (S4) and several meters of mud (S3). This relationship may represent a middle Wisconsinan outwash event. The muddy deposit was later incised by the {\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}Channels{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright} horizon, possibly reflecting the Late Wisconsinan maximum lowering of sea level. This horizon is overlain by sandy transgressive deposits associated with rising sea level, presumably during the Holocene.},
	issn = {0883-1351},
	doi = {10.2307/3515426},
	author = {Lagoe, M. B. and Davies, T. A. and Austin, J. K. and Olson, H. C.}
}
@article {2293,
	title = {A high-resolution paleoenvironmental record from Bainbridge Crater Lake, Galapagos Islands},
	journal = {Wurzburger Geographische Manuscripte, Heft},
	volume = {41},
	year = {1997},
	note = {id: 356},
	month = {1997},
	pages = {169},
	author = {Reidinger, M. and Steinitz-Kannan, M. and Last, W. and Brenner, M.}
}
@article {807,
	title = {Hold-up and memory effect for carbon in a compact microwave ion source},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments \& Methods in Physics Research Section B-Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
	volume = {123},
	year = {1997},
	note = {Wt653Times Cited:13Cited References Count:7},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {546-549},
	abstract = {The production of C+ in a microwave ion source injected with a gaseous CO2 sample has been investigated as an alternative to sample graphitization, A continuous flow of argon gas maintained the discharge, and 20 mu L Of CO2 gas at approximately 1 atm was pulsed into the source through a sample valve closely coupled to the plasma chamber, The C+ component of the beam fell to 1\% of its original intensity less than 10 s after the valve was operated. in a separate experiment, the microwave ion source was operated with pure CO2 feed gas and the extracted beam was magnetically analyzed. Efficient breakup of the molecules was observed. These results are considered promising for such applications as accelerator mass spectrometry of C isotopes in gaseous samples.},
	issn = {0168-583x},
	doi = {10.1016/S0168-583x(96)00607-6},
	author = {Schneider, R. J. and vonReden, K. F. and Wills, J. S. C. and Diamond, W. T. and Lewis, R. and Savard, G. and Schmeing, H.}
}
@article {2299,
	title = {An isotopic biogeochemical study of Neoproterozoic and Early Cambrian sediments from the Centralian Superbasin, Australia},
	journal = {Geochim Cosmochim Acta},
	volume = {61},
	year = {1997},
	note = {Logan, G ASummons, R E
Hayes, J M
eng
Research Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Non-P.H.S.
1997/01/01 00:00
Geochim Cosmochim Acta. 1997;61(24):5391-409.
},
	month = {1997},
	pages = {5391-409},
	abstract = {Organic matter from Neoproterozoic and Early Cambrian sediments of the Amadeus and Officer basins of the Centralian Superbasin, Australia, has been studied for biomarker distributions and the carbon isotopic compositions of kerogen and individual hydrocarbons. These sediments represent both shallow and deep water marine facies in the older sections and marine and saline lacustrine carbonate deposits in the Cambrian. Hydrocarbon biomarker patterns were found to be quite consistent with the known sedimentary environments and provide valuable insights into the biogeochemical changes which accompanied the transition from a microbially-dominated ocean to the early stages of metazoan radiation. In particular, carbon isotopic data for n-alkyl and isoprenoid lipids presented here, and in earlier studies, showed a reversal in carbon isotopic ordering between the Proterozoic and Phanerozoic. By comparison with the delta 13C of kerogen, n-alkyl lipids from deep-water Proterozoic sediments were enriched in 13C and appear to be derived mainly from heterotrophs whilst open marine Phanerozoic counterparts are 13C depleted and evidently derived mainly from autotrophs. Data from the samples studied here are consistent with a model invoking a change in the redox structure of the ocean, possibly aided by the innovation of faecal pellets.},
	keywords = {Alkanes/analysis/chemistry, Animals, australia, biomarkers, carbon isotopes, Carbon/analysis/*chemistry, Cyanobacteria, Eukaryota, Feces, Fossils, Geologic Sediments/*analysis/chemistry, Hydrocarbons/analysis, NASA Discipline Exobiology, Non-NASA Center, Paleontology, phytoplankton, SEAWATER, Terpenes/analysis, Zooplankton},
	isbn = {0016-7037 (Print)0016-7037 (Linking)
},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11540731},
	author = {Logan, G. A. and Summons, R. E. and Hayes, J. M.}
}
@article {812,
	title = {Lignin phenols in sediments of Lake Baikal, Siberia: application to paleoenvironmental studies},
	journal = {Organic Geochemistry},
	volume = {27},
	year = {1997},
	note = {Yq252Times Cited:29Cited References Count:61},
	month = {Sep-Oct},
	pages = {153-172},
	abstract = {Sediments from three cores obtained from distinct depositional environments in Lake Baikal, Siberia were analyzed for organic carbon, total nitrogen and lignin phenol concentration and composition. Results were used to examine changes in paleoenvironmental conditions during climatic cycles of the late Quaternary (<125 ka). Average organic carbon, and total nitrogen concentrations, atomic C/N ratios and organic carbon accumulation rates were significantly higher in the Holocene compared with the late Pleistocene, reflecting overall warmer temperatures and increased runoff during the Holocene. A Holocene maximum in organic carbon was observed at about 6 ka, and may represent the warmest/wettest period of the Holocene. At one site (Academician Ridge) pronounced late Pleistocene maxima in organic carbon and biogenic silica were observed at about 80-85 ka, probably indicative of an interstadial period with enhanced aquatic productivity. Total sedimentary lignin phenol contents were generally lower in the late Pleistocene compared to the Holocene, but with several peaks in concentration during the late Pleistocene. These late Pleistocene peaks in total sedimentary lignin content (dated at about 80, 50 and 30 ka) directly precede or occur during peaks in sedimentary biogenic silica contents. These periods likely represent relatively warm interstadial times, with increased precipitation producing the observed increase in terrestrial runoff and aquatic productivity. Lignin phenol ratios (S/V, C/V and P/V) were used to examine changes in terrestrial vegetation type resulting from changes in paleoenvironmental conditions during the late Pleistocene. A degree of caution must be used in the interpretation of these ratios with regard to vegetation sources and paleoenvironmental conditions, because of potential compositional changes in lignin resulting from biodegradation. Nevertheless, results show that long glacial periods were characterized by terrestrial vegetation composed of a mix of non-woody angiosperm vegetation and minor gymnosperm forest. Shorter interstadial periods are defined by a change to dominant gymnosperm forest and were observed at about 80, 75, 63, 50 and 30 ka, ranging from about 2-6 kyr in duration. These interstadial periods of the late Pleistocene defined by lignin phenol ratios generally occur during longer periods of enhanced sedimentary biogenic silica content (about 10-15 ka in duration), providing corroborative evidence of these warm interstadial periods. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.},
	issn = {0146-6380},
	doi = {10.1016/S0146-6380(97)00079-X},
	author = {Orem, W. H. and Colman, S. M. and Lerch, H. E.}
}
@article {2294,
	title = {Mass transport deposits of Amazon Fans},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results},
	volume = {155},
	year = {1997},
	note = {id: 1279},
	month = {1997},
	author = {Piper, D. J. and Pirmez, C. and Flood, R. and Long, D. and Manely, P. and Normark, W. and Showers, W.}
}
@article {2305,
	title = {Preliminary results of the first scientific drilling on Lake Baikal, Buguldeika site, southeastern Siberia},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	volume = {37},
	year = {1997},
	note = {Vq100Times Cited:44
Cited References Count:29
},
	month = {1997},
	pages = {3-17},
	abstract = {The Baikal Drilling Project (BDP) is a multinational effort to investigate the paleoclimatic history and tectonic evolution of the Baikal sedimentary basin during the Late Neogene. In March 1993 the Baikal drilling system was successfuly deployed from a barge frozen into position over a topographic high, termed the Buguldeika saddle, in the southern basin of Lake Baikal. The BDP-93 scientific team, made up of Russian, American and Japanese scientists, successfully recovered the first long (>100 m) hydraulic piston cores from two holes in 354 m of water. High quality cores of 98 m (Hole 1) and 102 m (Hole 2), representing sedimentation over the last 500,000 years, were collected in 78 mm diameter plastic liners with an average recovery of 72\% and 90\%, respectively. Magnetic susceptibility logging reveals an excellent hole-to-hole correlation. In this report the scientific team describes the preliminary analytical results from BDP-93 hole 1 cores. Radiocarbon dating by accelerator mass spectrometry provides an accurate chronology for the upper portion of Hole 1. Detailed lithologic characteristics, rock magnetic properties and inorganic element distributions show a significant change to the depositional environment occuring at 50 m subbottom depth, approximately 250,000 BP. This change may be due to uplift and rotation of the horst block in the Buguldeika saddle. The sedimentary section above 50 m is pelitic with varve-like laminae, whereas the section below 50 m contains a high proportion of sand and gravel horizons often organized into turbidite sequences. Accordingly, high resolution seismic records reveal a change in sonic velocity at this depth. It is inferred that sedimentation prior to 250 ka BP was from the west via the Buguldeika river system. After 250 ka BP the Buguldeika saddle reflects an increase in hemipelagic sediments admired with fine-grained material from the Selenga River drainage basin, east of Lake Baikal. Variations in the spore-pollen assemblage, diatoms, biogenic silica content, rock magnetic properties, clay mineralogy and organic carbon in the upper 50 m of BDP-93-1 reveal a detailed record of climate change over approximately the last 250,000 years. These variables alternate in a pattern characteristic of glacial/interglacial climatic fluctuations. The present age model suggests that the climate signal recorded in Lake Baikal sediments is similar to Late Quaternary signals recorded in Chinese loess sections and in marine sediments. Copyright (C) 1996 INQUA/Elsevier Science Ltd},
	keywords = {asia, tectonics},
	isbn = {1040-6182},
	author = {Colman, S. and Grachev, M. and Hearn, P. and Horie, S. and Kawai, T. and Kuzmin, M. and Logachov, N. and Fialkov, V. and Gorigljad, A. and Tomilov, B. and Khakhaev, B. and Kochikov, S. and Lykov, V. and Pevzner, L. and Bucharov, A. and Karabanov, E. and Logachev, N. and Mats, V. and Bardardinov, A. and Baranova, E. and Khlystov, O. and Khrachenko, V. and Shimaraeva, M. and Stolbova, E. and Komakova, E. and Efremova, S. and Gvozdkov, A. and Kravchinski, V. and Peck, J. and Fileva, T. and Kashik, S. and Khramtsova, T. and Kalashnikova, I. and Rasskazova, T. and Tatarnikova, V. and Yuretich, R. and Mazilov, V. and Takemura, K. and Bobrov, V. and Gunicheva, T. and Haraguchi, H. and Ito, S. and Kocho, T. and Kuzmin, M. and Markova, M. and Pampura, V. and Proidakova, O. and Ishiwatari, R. and Sawatari, H. and Takeuchi, A. and Toyoda, K. and Vorobieva, S. and Ikeda, A. and Marui, A. and Nakamura, T. and Ogura, K. and Ohta, T. and King, J. and Sakai, H. and Yokoyama, T. and Hayashida, A. and Bezrukova, E. and Fowell, S. and Fuji, N. and Letunova, P. and Misharina, V. and Miyoshi, N. and Chernyaeva, G. and Ignatova, I. and Likhoshvai, E. and Stoermer, E. and Granina, L. and Levina, O. and Dolgikh, P. and Lazo, F. and Lutskaia, N. and Orem, W. and Wada, E. and Williams, D. and Yamada, K. and Yamada, S. and Callander, E. and Golobokoval, L. and Shanks, P. and Dorofeeva, R. and Duchkov, A.}
}
@article {939,
	title = {Productivity-induced sulphur enrichment of hydrocarbon-rich sediments from the Kimmeridge Clay Formation},
	journal = {Chem Geol},
	volume = {134},
	year = {1997},
	note = {Lallier-Verges, EHayes, J MBoussafir, MZaback, D ATribovillard, N PConnan, JBertrand, PengResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}tNetherlands1997/01/01 00:00Chem Geol. 1997;134:277-88.},
	pages = {277-88},
	abstract = {This work aims to highlight the relationship between primary productivity, sulphate reduction and organic carbon preservation in cyclic marine sediments from the Kimmeridge Clay Formation. A concomitant increase of the total sulphur content with the preserved organic content (TOC), shows the progressive supply of both metabolisable organic matter and resistant organic matter is linked to primary productivity. However, variations in sulphate reduction efficiency, based on elemental abundance and isotopic composition of sulphur, reveal that the proportion of metabolisable vs. resistant organic matter has varied along the cycles. This is interpreted in terms of the variation in organic delivery. Organic sulphur content is found to be proportional to the organic matter content, whereas concentrations of pyritic sulphur are constant at very high (> 10\% TOC) values. This result is explained by a limitation of available iron for pyritisation at times of very high organic flux. Under such conditions, HS- in excess could be responsible for the early formation of organo-sulphur compounds and thus for the preservation of highly aliphatic (i.e. lipid-rich) organic matter.},
	issn = {0009-2541 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1016/S0009-2541(96)00093-9},
	author = {Lallier-Verges, E. and Hayes, J. M. and Boussafir, M. and Zaback, D. A. and Tribovillard, N. P. and Connan, J. and Bertrand, P.}
}
@conference {1555,
	title = {Altithermal of the Canadian Rockies; timing and internal structure; evidence from lake sediments},
	booktitle = {14th biennial meeting of the American Quaternary Association},
	volume = {14},
	year = {1996},
	note = {id: 1262},
	month = {1996},
	pages = {173},
	address = {Flagstaff, AZ},
	author = {Leonard, Eric and Resoner, Mel}
}
@article {1503,
	title = {Cape May site report},
	volume = {150X and suppl.},
	year = {1996},
	note = {id: 55},
	month = {1996},
	pages = {59 pp},
	institution = {Proc. ODP, Init. Repts},
	address = {College Station, TX},
	author = {Miller, K. G. and Liu, C. and Browning, J. V. and Pekar, S. and Sugarman, P. and Van Fossen, M. C. and Mullikin, L. and Queen, D. and Feigenson, M. D. and Aubry, M. P. and Burckle, L. D. and Powars, D. and Heibel, T.}
}
@article {862,
	title = {Climate connections between the hemisphere revealed by deep sea sediment core ice core correlations},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {142},
	year = {1996},
	note = {Uz230Times Cited:201Cited References Count:33},
	month = {Jul},
	pages = {19-27},
	abstract = {Correlation of Southern Ocean deep sea sediment core records with ice core records of polar climate delineates with unprecedented detail the relationship between high latitude climate and the ocean{\textquoteright}s thermohaline circulation over the last 80,000 years. Our observations suggest that, while North Atlantic Deep Water variability manifests itself clearly in Southern Ocean nutrient proxy records over periods as short as 500 yr, this deep water variability did not promote a direct link between climate variability in the high latitudes of the two hemispheres on millennial timescales. In particular, the proxy records indicate that, on average, northern hemisphere climate fluctuations lagged those of the southern hemisphere by 1500 yr.},
	issn = {0012-821x},
	doi = {10.1016/0012-821x(96)00083-0},
	author = {Charles, C. D. and LynchStieglitz, J. and Ninnemann, U. S. and Fairbanks, R. G.}
}
@conference {940,
	title = {Correlated temperature and icerafting records, early deglacial warming, and meltwater signals in V29-191, eastern North Atlantic Ocean},
	booktitle = {American Quaternary Association Conference},
	volume = {14},
	year = {1996},
	note = {id: 1260},
	month = {1996},
	pages = {93},
	publisher = {American Quaternary Association},
	organization = {American Quaternary Association},
	author = {Lagerklint, I. Marianne}
}
@article {727,
	title = {Holocene climatic and human influences on lakes of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico: An interdisciplinary, palaeolimnological approach},
	journal = {Holocene},
	volume = {6},
	year = {1996},
	note = {Vh189Times Cited:56Cited References Count:65},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {273-287},
	abstract = {We used palaeolimnological techniques to examine effects of Holocene climate change and human influence on lakes of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. The three study lakes are located along a west-east transect that represents a gradient of increasing modern precipitation and density of former Maya settlement. At Lake Coba, an 880-cm sediment core yields a complete record of lacustrine sedimentation that began when the lake first filled similar to 8000 BP as groundwater level rose in response to rising sea level and increased precipitation. Diatom, ostracod, and delta(18)O evidence indicate that Lake Coba was initially shallow and saline. Coba, presently in the region of greatest rainfall, showed more episodic water-level changes than Lake San Jose Chulchaca or Lake Sayaucil. High lake level and fresh water were evident at 440 cm (similar to 2600 BP), followed by a decline in water levels and an increase in total ionic salinity to the present time. In a 613-cm core from Sayaucil, in the intermediate precipitation zone, total salinity was high between 600 and 400 cm (similar to 3050 and 2000 BP), followed by consistently higher water levels. Salinity was high in the lower portion of a 110-cm San Jose Chulchaca core (beginning similar to 1860 BP), followed by a gradual and consistent freshening of water to the present time.Trophic state changes and human influence on lakes were evaluated using diatom, delta(18)O, total P, sedimentary organic matter, and preliminary pollen data. Maximal human disturbance at Lake Coba, a densely settled Maya urban site, occurred during a deep-water event at 440 cm, followed by a decline in human influence and trophic state to the present time. Trophic state and linear sedimentation rates in Sayaucil increased significantly above 400 cm (after similar to 2000 BP), probably associated with initial Maya settlement near Xtojil and subsequent small-scale farming. Limnological disturbance may have preceded the period of maximal human occupation because initial land clearance and consequent soil erosion probably affected water quality substantially. San Jose Chulchaca lacks archaeological evidence of human occupation in the drainage, and shows gradual changes in trophic state not caused by human disturbance. With the exception of a C-14 date on wood from the base of the Coba core, C-14 dates and chronologies may be artificially old as a consequence of hard-water-lake error. Trophic state changes in the study lakes were generally consistent with known patterns of human settlement and population change. Late-Holocene water-level fluctuations were most pronounced in Lake Coba in eastern Yucatan, where modern rainfall is currently greatest, but lake level is generally lower than during much of the past. Lake level was relatively constant in Sayaucil in the central peninsula, whereas lake level in San Jose Chulchaca in the arid western portion of the peninsula increased gradually over time.},
	issn = {0959-6836},
	doi = {10.1177/095968369600600303},
	author = {Whitmore, T. J. and Brenner, M. and Curtis, J. H. and Dahlin, B. H. and Leyden, B. W.}
}
@article {2306,
	title = {Molecular breakup of CO2 and hold-up time in a microwave ion source},
	year = {1996},
	note = {id: 949},
	month = {1996},
	author = {Wills, J. S. C. and Diamond, W. T. and Lewis, R. A. and Schmeing, H. and von Reden, K. F. and Schneider, R. J.}
}
@article {795,
	title = {Radiocarbon measurements of atmospheric volatile organic compounds: Quantifying the biogenic contribution},
	journal = {Environmental Science \& Technology},
	volume = {30},
	year = {1996},
	note = {Uc413Times Cited:26Cited References Count:25},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {1098-1105},
	abstract = {The radiocarbon (C-14) abundance of atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOC) gives a quantitative estimate of contributions from biomass and fossil-mass sources, important information for effective regulation of ozone precursors. We report here details of a methodology to perform such measurements and the first exploratory C-14 results on VOC fractions separated from two composited urban tropospheric air samples, collected during the summer (1992) in Atlanta, GA. The upper limit of the percentage of VOC originating from biomass sources during the morning and evening hours in Atlanta were 9 and 17\%, respectively, measurements reported at the 95\% confidence level. However, due to the level of the process blank and its uncertainty, in both cases the percentage can be as low as zero. The results of these experiments, designed to (i) evaluate the entire [C-14]VOC measurement process and (ii) obtain reliable estimates of biogenic contributions to atmospheric VOC, emphasize how important controls are throughout this multi-step chemical process to ensure quality data.},
	issn = {0013-936x},
	doi = {10.1021/es9501981},
	author = {Klouda, G. A. and Lewis, C. W. and Rasmussen, R. A. and Rhoderick, G. C. and Sams, R. L. and Stevens, R. K. and Currie, L. A. and Donahue, D. J. and Jull, A. J. T. and Seila, R. L.}
}
@article {1025,
	title = {TIMS U-Th dated early Holocene sea-level record from submerged fossil reefs, southeast Florida margin},
	journal = {Abstracts with Programs--Geological Society of America},
	volume = {28},
	year = {1996},
	note = {id: 1263},
	pages = {497},
	author = {Lundberg, J. and Toscano, M. A.}
}
@conference {1553,
	title = {Age and paleoclimate of submerged late Pleistocene reef system, Southeast Florida shelf; implications for substage 5A sea level},
	booktitle = {Geological Society of America, 1995 annual meeting},
	volume = {27},
	year = {1995},
	note = {id: 1242; 6},
	month = {1995},
	pages = {448},
	address = {New Orleans, LA},
	author = {Toscano, M. A. and Lundberg, J. and Hine, A. C.}
}
@conference {1696,
	title = {Multiple Indicator Approach to Interpreting Abrupt Climate Changes in the North Atlantic. Program and Abstracts},
	booktitle = {5th International Conference on Paleoceanography},
	year = {1995},
	note = {id: 96},
	month = {1995},
	pages = {46},
	address = {Halifax, Nova Scotia},
	author = {Kellog, T. B. and Wright, J. D. and Kellogg, D. E. and Lagerklint, I. M. and French, P. L.}
}
@article {2347,
	title = {North Atlantic Deep Water variability during stage 3},
	journal = {Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union},
	volume = {76},
	year = {1995},
	note = {id: 58},
	month = {1995},
	pages = {171-172},
	author = {Oppo, D. W. and Lehman, S. J. and Curry, J. and Lynch, Stieglitz and Fairbanks, R. G.}
}
@article {1499,
	title = {Sampling Cruise 6, North Atlantic Tracer Release Experiment, R/V Seward Johnson, Cruise 9404},
	year = {1995},
	note = {id: 1754},
	month = {1995},
	institution = {Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution},
	address = {Woods Hole, MA},
	author = {Ledwell, J. R. and Donoghue, T. and Donoghue, J. and Sundermeyer, M.}
}
@article {784,
	title = {Suborbital Timescale Variability of North-Atlantic Deep-Water during the Past 200,000 Years},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {10},
	year = {1995},
	note = {Rx409Times Cited:145Cited References Count:39},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {901-910},
	abstract = {We generated similar to 200-kyr-long proxy records of surface and deepwater variability from a subpolar North Atlantic core (V29-202), enabling us to assess the linkage between surface and deepwater changes on suborbital timescales. In particular, we used a benthic delta(13)C record to evaluate the deep water response to Dansgaard-Oeschger temperature oscillations and to Heinrich events, times of massive iceberg delivery to the North Atlantic. We found that the reduction of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) production was generally associated with cold or dropping sea surface temperatures (SSTs) as indicated by planktonic foraminiferal assemblages. The NADW contribution to the site did not drop appreciably during Heinrich events H4 through H2, probably because these events followed intervals of prolonged surface cooling already characterized by low rates of NADW production. By contrast NADW reduction appears to have been synchronous with H5. SST rise associated with both Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations and Heinrich events was usually accompanied by increasing NADW strength. In a few cases the NADW recovery appeared to lag the SST rise; however, the apparent delay is most likely an artefact of the sedimentary record (low concentrations of benthic foraminifera). As a result of low benthic foraminiferal abundances during stage 6, the stage 6 benthic foraminiferal delta(13)C record is of lower resolution than the younger part of the record. The stage 6 proxy records for surface hydrography nevertheless reveal millennial-scale oscillations similar to those seen in stage 3. The available delta(13)C data suggest that NADW weakened in association with the cold portions of stage 6 SST oscillations. We also sought to confirm a recent study which concluded that there was little NADW variability during the peak of the last interglaciation, marine oxygen isotope substage 5e (Eemian). Isotope stage 5 was marked by a trend of increasing benthic delta(13)C in V29-202. Rising delta(13)C through isotope stage 5 is also seen in tropical surface water records and at some deep Atlantic sites and may reflect the common derivation of these water masses. Variations of greater than or equal to 0.5 parts per thousand superimposed on this rising delta(13)C trend within substage 5e in V29-202 are so far not evident in tropical feed waters and may therefore indicate that NADW production was weaker during the late than mid-Eemian.},
	issn = {0883-8305},
	doi = {10.1029/95pa02089},
	author = {Oppo, D. W. and Lehman, S. J.}
}
@article {2351,
	title = {Systematic decrease of high delta 13C values with burial in late archaean (2.8 Ga) diagenetic dolomite: evidence for methanogenesis from the Crixas Greenstone Belt, Brazil},
	journal = {Precambrian Research},
	volume = {70},
	year = {1995},
	note = {id: 1589},
	month = {1995},
	pages = {253-268},
	author = {Dix, G. R. and Thomson, M. L. and Longstaffe, F. J. and McNutt, R. H.}
}
@article {2345,
	title = {Two-step deglaciation of the southeastern Barents Sea},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {23},
	year = {1995},
	note = {id: 62},
	month = {1995},
	pages = {567-571},
	author = {Polyak, L. and Lehman, S. J. and Gataulin, V. and Jull, A. J. T.}
}
@article {843,
	title = {Deglaciation, Lake Levels, and Meltwater Discharge in the Lake-Michigan Basin},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {13},
	year = {1994},
	note = {Qq080Times Cited:30Cited References Count:48},
	pages = {879-890},
	abstract = {The deglacial history of the Lake Michigan basin, including discharge and routing of meltwater, is complex because of the interaction among (1) glacial retreats and re-advances in the basin (2) the timing of occupation and the isostatic adjustment of lake outlets and (3) the depositional and erosional processes that left evidence of past lake levels. In the southern part of the basin, a restricted area little affected by differential isostasy, new studies of onshore and offshore areas allow refinement of a lake-level history that has evolved over 100 years. Important new data include the recognition of two periods of influx of meltwater from Lake Agassiz into the basin and details of the highstands gleaned from sedimentological evidence. Major disagreements still persist concerning the exact timing and lake-level changes associated with the Algonquin phase, approximately 11,000 BP. A wide variety of independent data suggests that the Lake Michigan Lobe was thin, unstable, and subject to rapid advances and retreats. Consequently, lake-level changes were commonly abrupt and stable shorelines were short-lived. The long-held beliefs that the southern part of the basin was stable and separated from deformed northern areas by a hinge-line discontinuity are becoming difficult to maintain. Numerical modeling of the ice-earth system and empirical modeling of shoreline deformation are both consistent with observed shoreline tilting in the north and with the amount and pattern of modern deformation shown by lake-level gauges. New studies of subaerial lacustrine features suggest the presence of deformed shorelines higher than those originally ascribed to the supposed horizontal Glenwood level. Finally, the Lake Michigan region as a whole appears to behave in a similar manner to other areas, both local (other Great Lakes) and regional (U.S. east coast), that have experienced major isostatic changes. Detailed sedimentological and dating studies of field sites and additional development of geophysical models offer hope for reconciling the field data with our understanding of earth theology.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/0277-3791(94)90007-8},
	author = {Colman, S. M. and Clark, J. A. and Clayton, L. and Hansel, A. K. and Larsen, C. E.}
}
@inbook {1474,
	title = {Glacial geology of the Penobscot River basin between Millinocket and Medway (Book Section)},
	booktitle = {New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference Guidebook for Field Trips in North Central Maine},
	year = {1994},
	note = {id: 19},
	month = {1994},
	pages = {193-212},
	author = {Weddle, T. K. and Lowell, T. V. and Dorion, C. C.},
	editor = {Hanson, L. S.}
}
@article {2386,
	title = {High resolution sediment changes on the Pleistocene NJ upper slope},
	journal = {Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union},
	volume = {75},
	year = {1994},
	note = {id: 53},
	month = {1994},
	pages = {348},
	author = {Christensen, B. A. and Hoppie, B. W. and Miller, K. G. and Thunell, R. C. and Le, J.}
}
@article {754,
	title = {High-Resolution Climate Records from the North-Atlantic during the Last Interglacial},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {371},
	year = {1994},
	note = {Ph254Times Cited:313Cited References Count:25},
	month = {Sep 22},
	pages = {326-329},
	abstract = {THE two deep ice cores recovered by the GRIP(1) and GISP(2) projects at Summit, Greenland, agree in detail over the past 100,000 years(3) and demonstrate dramatic climate variability in the North Atlantic region during the last glacial, before the current period of Holocene stability. This glacial climate instability has subsequently been documented in the marine sedimentary record of surface-ocean conditions in the North Atlantic(4). Before 100 kyr ago the two ice core records are discrepant, however, casting doubt on whether the oxygen isotope fluctuations during the last interglacial (Eemian) seen in the GRIP core(1,5) represent a true climate signal. Here we present high-resolution records of foraminiferal assemblages and ice-rafted detritus from two North Atlantic cores for the interval 65 kyr to 135 kyr ago, extending the surface-ocean record back to the Eemian. The correlation between our records and the Greenland ice-core records is good throughout the period in which the two ice cores agree, suggesting a regionally coherent climate response. During the Eemian, our marine records show a more stable climate than that implied by the GRIP ice core, suggesting that localized phenomena may be responsible for the variability in the latter record during the Eemian.},
	issn = {0028-0836},
	doi = {10.1038/371326a0},
	author = {McManus, J. F. and Bond, G. C. and Broecker, W. S. and Johnsen, S. and Labeyrie, L. and Higgins, S.}
}
@conference {1719,
	title = {ODP Initial Reports, Leg 150X},
	booktitle = {Ocean Drilling Program},
	year = {1994},
	note = {id: 1347},
	month = {1994},
	pages = {59},
	address = {College Station, TX},
	author = {Miller, K. G. and Liu, C. and Browning, J. V. and Pekar, S. F. and Sugarman, P. J. and Van Fossen, M. C. and Mullikin, L. and Queen, D. and Feigenson, M. D. and Aubry, M. P. and Burckle, L. D. and Powars, D. and Heibel, T.}
}
@article {1364,
	title = {Radiocarbon Studies of Particulate Organic Carbon in the Eastern North Pacific Ocean},
	year = {1994},
	note = {id: 907},
	month = {1994},
	author = {Druffel, E. R. M. and Griffin, S. and Bauer, J. E. and Williams, P. M. and Wolgast, D. M. and Lee, C.}
}
@article {2378,
	title = {Redifinition of the "Blake Event" based on new paleomagnetic results from deep sea sediments of the Blake-Bahama Outer Ridge},
	journal = {Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union},
	volume = {75},
	year = {1994},
	note = {id: 33},
	month = {1994},
	pages = {190},
	author = {Henyey, S. and Lund, S. P. and Schwart, M. and Keigwin, L.}
}
@article {755,
	title = {The Role of the Deep-Ocean in North-Atlantic Climate-Change between 70-Kyr and 130-Kyr Ago},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {371},
	year = {1994},
	note = {Ph254Times Cited:159Cited References Count:32},
	month = {Sep 22},
	pages = {323-326},
	abstract = {THE suggestion(1) that changes in North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) production are linked through surface heat flux to the atmospheric temperature over Greenland is supported by earlier indications(2,3) that NADW production decreased during glacial times, and by the subsequent finding(4-6) that it declined during the Younger Dryas cool period at the end of the last glaciation. Changes in North Atlantic surface temperatures have been found? to mirror high-frequency temperature changes recorded in Greenland ice cores over the past 80 kyr, but the connection to abyssal circulation has yet to be established, except for one or two isolated oscillations(8,9). Here we present carbon and oxygen isotope analyses of benthic foraminifera in a high-resolution North Atlantic deepsea sediment core for the period 70-130 kyr ago. These data allow us to reconstruct the history of NADW production, which shows a close correlation with Greenland climate variability for much of this time interval, suggesting that the climate influence of NADW variability was widespread. We see no evidence, however, for changes in NADW production during substage 5e (the Eemian interglacial period), in contrast with recent ice-core data(10) which suggest severe climate instability in Greenland during this time period. Our results may support suggestions, based on data from a second ice core, that this apparent instability is am artefact caused by ice flow(11). Alternatively, the Eemian climate instability may have had a different origin from the subsequent climate events.},
	issn = {0028-0836},
	doi = {10.1038/371323a0},
	author = {Keigwin, L. D. and Curry, W. B. and Lehman, S. J. and Johnsen, S.}
}
@article {996,
	title = {A synthesis of post-glacial diatom records from Lake Baikal},
	journal = {Journal of Paleolimnology},
	volume = {10},
	year = {1994},
	note = {id: 16},
	pages = {213-252},
	abstract = {The biostratigraphy of fossil diatoms contributes important chronologic, paleolimnologic, and paleoclimatic information from Lake Baikal in southeastern Siberia. Diatoms are the dominant and best preserved microfossils in the sediments, and distinctive assemblages and species provide inter-core correlations throughout the basin at millennial to centennial scales, in both high and low sedimentation-rate environments. Distributions of unique species, once dated by radiocarbon, allow diatoms to be used as dating tools for the Holocene history of the lake.

Diatom, pollen, and organic geochemical records from site 305, at the foot of the Selenga Delta, provide a history of paleolimnologic and paleoclimatic changes from the late glacial (15 ka) through the Holocene. Before 14 ka diatoms were very rare, probably because excessive turbidity from glacial meltwater entering the lake impeded productivity. Between 14 and 12 ka, lake productivity increased, perhaps as strong winds promoted deep mixing and nutrient regeneration. Pollen evidence suggests a cold shrub {\textemdash} steppe landscape dominated the central Baikal depression at this time. As summer insolation increased, conifers replaced steppe taxa, but diatom productivity declined between 11 and 9 ka perhaps as a result of increased summer turbidity resulting from violent storm runoff entering the lake via short, steep drainages. After 8 ka, drier, but more continental climates prevailed, and the modern diatom flora of Lake Baikal came to prominence.

On Academician Ridge, a site of slow sedimentation rates, Holocene diatom assemblages at the top of 10-m cores reappear at deeper levels suggesting that such cores record at least two previous interglacial (or interstadial?) periods. Nevertheless, distinctive species that developed prior to the last glacial period indicate that the dynamics of nutrient cycling in Baikal and the responsible regional climatic environments were not entirely analogous to Holocene conditions. During glacial periods, the deep basin sediments of Lake Baikal are dominated by rapidly deposited clastics entering from large rivers with possibly glaciated headwaters. On the sublacustrine Academician Ridge (depth = 300 m), however, detailed analysis of the diatom biostratigraphy indicates that diastems (hiatuses of minor duration) and (or) highly variable rates of accumulation complicate paleolimnologic and paleoclimatic reconstructions from these records.},
	keywords = {Climate change, diatoms, Holocene, Lake Baikal, paleolimnology, palynology},
	doi = {10.1007/BF00684034},
	author = {Bradbury, J. Platt and Bezrukova, Ye V. and Chernyaeva, G. P. and Colman, S. M. and Khursevich, G. and King, J. W. and Likoshway, Y. V.}
}
@article {933,
	title = {Deep-sea sediments reveal},
	journal = {Oceanus},
	volume = {35},
	year = {1993},
	note = {id: 1248},
	pages = {89-92},
	author = {Lehman, Scott J. and Keigwin, L. D.}
}
@inbook {1435,
	title = {Major events in the geological development of the Precambrian Earth},
	booktitle = {The Proterozoic Biosphere},
	year = {1992},
	note = {id: 1584},
	month = {1992},
	pages = {67-76},
	publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
	organization = {Cambridge University Press},
	author = {Lowe, D. R.},
	editor = {Schopf, J. W.}
}
@conference {1710,
	title = {The new National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometer Facility at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution - Progress and First Results},
	booktitle = {14th International Radiocarbon Conference 1991},
	volume = {34},
	year = {1992},
	note = {id: 1618},
	month = {1992},
	pages = {476-481},
	publisher = {Radiocarbon},
	organization = {Radiocarbon},
	author = {von Reden, K. F. and Jones, G. A. and Schneider, R. J. and McNichol, A. P. and Cohen, G. J. and Purser, K. H.},
	editor = {Long, A.}
}
@inbook {1440,
	title = {Carbon cycling in coastal sediments: 2. An investigation of the sources of CO2 to pore water using carbon isotopes},
	booktitle = {Organic Substances and Sediments in Water, Processes and Analytical},
	volume = {2},
	year = {1991},
	note = {id: 1743},
	month = {1991},
	pages = {249-272},
	publisher = {CRC Press},
	organization = {CRC Press},
	address = {Boca Raton, FL},
	author = {McNichol, A. P. and Druffel, E. R. M. and Lee, C.},
	editor = {Baker, R. A.}
}
