@article {rieb_controls_2024,
	title = {Controls on the Respiration of Ancient Carbon Draining From Permafrost Soils Into Sunlit Arctic Surface Waters},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},
	volume = {129},
	number = {5},
	year = {2024},
	note = {_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2023JG007853},
	month = {05/2024},
	pages = {e2023JG007853},
	abstract = {The thawing of ancient organic carbon stored in arctic permafrost soils, and its oxidation to carbon dioxide (CO2, a greenhouse gas), is predicted to amplify global warming. However, the extent to which organic carbon in thawing permafrost soils will be released as CO2 is uncertain. A critical unknown is the extent to which dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from thawing permafrost soils is respired to CO2 by microbes upon export of freshly thawed DOC to both dark bottom waters and sunlit surface waters. In this study, we quantified the radiocarbon age and 13C composition of CO2 produced by microbial respiration of DOC that was leached from permafrost soils and either kept in the dark or exposed to ultraviolet and visible wavelengths of light. We show that permafrost DOC most labile to microbial respiration was as old or older (ages 4,000{\textendash}11,000 a BP) and more 13C-depleted than the bulk DOC in both dark and light-exposed treatments, likely indicating respiration of old, 13C-depleted lignin and lipid fractions of the permafrost DOC pool. Light exposure either increased, decreased, or had no effect on the magnitude of microbial respiration of old permafrost DOC relative to respiration in the dark, depending on both the extent of DOC oxidation during exposure to light and the wavelength of light. Together, these findings suggest that photochemical changes affecting the lability of permafrost DOC during sunlight exposure are an important control on the magnitude of microbial respiration of permafrost DOC in arctic surface waters.},
	keywords = {Arctic, dissolved organic carbon, permafrost, photochemistry, radiocarbon, respiration},
	issn = {2169-8961},
	doi = {10.1029/2023JG007853},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2023JG007853},
	author = {Rieb, E. C. and Polik, C. A. and Ward, C. P. and Kling, G. W. and Cory, R. M.}
}
@article {gartman_hydrothermal_2024,
	title = {Hydrothermal Plume Fallout, Mass Wasting, and Volcanic Eruptions Contribute to Sediments at Loki{\textquoteright}s Castle Vent Field, Mohns Ridge},
	journal = {Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems},
	volume = {25},
	number = {2},
	year = {2024},
	note = {_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2023GC011094},
	month = {02/2024},
	pages = {e2023GC011094},
	abstract = {Sediments surrounding hydrothermal vents are important transition spaces between hydrothermal and pelagic environments. These sediments accumulate through diverse processes that include water column plume fallout, volcanic ash deposition, and mass wasting of hydrothermal chimneys and mounds superimposed upon background sedimentation which may originate from pelagic, terrestrial, and volcanic sources. In addition to being a sink for elements discharged from hydrothermal vents, elements may also be scavenged from seawater onto oxidized hydrothermal material. Preservation of these hydrothermal sediments may occur depending on the extent of oxidative and/or reductive dissolution processes after burial. Sediments remaining adjacent to active venting may also be hydrothermally altered after emplacement. To better understand these processes, here we evaluate sediment push cores collected from the Loki{\textquoteright}s Castle vent field at the intersection of the slow-ultraslow spreading Mohns and Knipovich mid-ocean ridges. All samples were collected within \~{}225 m of current high-temperature (299{\textendash}316{\textdegree}C) {\textquotedblleft}black smoker{\textquotedblright} fluid discharge. These sediment cores are highly heterogeneous and lack stratigraphic correlation, even for samples taken within meters of each other. Most sediment cores are dominated by either pelagic sediments or mass wasted hydrothermal material, with hydrothermal plume fallout contributing a low proportion of material, and only a single volcanic ash layer occurring in one of the 13 cores. Dominant hydrothermal minerals found include talc, goethite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, and sphalerite. We find that even after several thousand years, most mass wasted hydrothermal material remains minimally altered, with sedimentation rates indistinguishable from background rates within several hundred meters of the hydrothermal vent source.},
	issn = {1525-2027},
	doi = {10.1029/2023GC011094},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2023GC011094},
	author = {Gartman, A. and Payan, D. and Au, M. and Reeves, E. P. and Jamieson, J. W. and Gini, C. and Roerdink, D.}
}
@article {parsons_hydrothermal_2024,
	title = {Hydrothermal Seepage of Altered Crustal Formation Water Seaward of the Middle America Trench, Offshore Costa Rica},
	journal = {Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems},
	volume = {25},
	number = {1},
	year = {2024},
	note = {_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2023GC011246},
	month = {01/2024},
	pages = {e2023GC011246},
	abstract = {Chemical compositions of sediment pore waters are presented from 13 piston and gravity cores that were collected on \~{}24 Ma crust of the Cocos Plate seaward of the Middle America Trench and near the onset of crustal faulting from subduction. Cores were collected mainly within a 1.75 km2 area overlying a buried basement topographic high that supports an elevated heat flux, consistent with seawater transport within the upper volcanic crust. Systematic variations in pore water chemical profiles indicate upward seepage speeds (up to 1.7 cm yr-1 providing a net flux of 0.1 L s-1), constrain the chemical composition of the formation water within the underlying upper basaltic basement, and elucidate diagenetic reactions in the sediment. Relative to seawater, formation water has an elevated temperature (70{\textendash}80{\textdegree}C) and concentrations or values of Ca, chlorinity, Sr, Ba, Li, Fe, Mn, Si, Cs, D/H, and Mo, and lower concentrations or values of Mg, Na, sulfate, alkalinity, TCO2, K, B, F, phosphate, 87Sr/86Sr, δ13C, δ18O, U, and Rb. Although this site is located only 30 km from the trench axis, there is no chemical evidence for subduction-related hydrologic influences. Instead, the data are explained by a combination of seawater-basalt reactions within the upper basement and diffusive exchange with overlying sediment, as part of a shallow, ridge-flank hydrothermal system. It is unclear why this site has an elevated heat flux relative to neighboring crust, but this may result from variations in crustal properties or modification related to flexural faulting outboard of the trench.},
	keywords = {formation water, hydrogeology, hydrothermal, Middle American Trench, pore water, ridge flank},
	issn = {1525-2027},
	doi = {10.1029/2023GC011246},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2023GC011246},
	author = {Parsons, Patrice K. F. and Wheat, C. Geoffrey and Fisher, Andrew T. and Silver, Eli A. and Hutnak, Michael}
}
@article {filipova-marinova_paleoclimate_2024,
	title = {Paleoclimate changes and ecosystem responses of the Bulgarian Black Sea zone during the last 26000 years},
	journal = {Nature Conservation},
	volume = {55},
	year = {2024},
	note = {Publisher: Pensoft Publishers},
	month = {05/2024},
	pages = {201{\textendash}248},
	abstract = {Multi-proxy analysis (spore-pollen, dinoflagellate cysts, other non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs), radiocarbon dating and lithology) was performed on marine sediments from three new cores retrieved during the two cruise expeditions on board the Research Vessel {\textquotedblleft}Akademik{\textquotedblright} in 2009 and 2011. The Varna transect comprises three cores extending from the outer shelf, continental slope and deep-water zone. The record spans the last 26000 years (all ages obtained in this study are given in calendar years BP (cal. yrs BP)). The pollen record reveals the spreading of steppe vegetation dominated by Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae, suggesting cold and dry environments during the Late Pleniglacial {\textendash} Oldest Dryas (25903{\textendash}15612 cal. yrs BP). Stands of Pinus and Quercus reflect warming/humidity increase during the melting pulses (19.2{\textendash}14.5 cal. ka BP) and the Late Glacial interstadials B{\o}lling and Aller{\o}d. The Younger Dryas (13257{\textendash}11788 cal. yrs BP) coldest and driest environments are clearly demonstrated by the maximum relative abundance of Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae. During the Early Holocene (Preboreal and Boreal chronozones, 11788{\textendash}8004 cal. yrs BP), Quercus appeared as a pioneer species and, along with other temperate deciduous arboreal taxa, formed open deciduous forests as a response to the increased temperature. The rapid expansion of these taxa indicates that they survived in Glacial refugia in the coastal mountains. During the Atlantic chronozone (8004{\textendash}5483 cal. yrs BP), optimal climate conditions (high humidity and increased mean annual temperatures) stimulated the establishment of species-rich mixed temperate deciduous forests. During the Subboreal chronozone (5483{\textendash}2837 cal. yrs BP), Carpinus betulus and Fagus expanded simultaneously and became more important components of mixed oak forests and probably also formed separate communities. During the Subatlantic chronozone (2837 cal. yrs BP to pre-industrial time), climate-driven changes (an increase of humidity and a cooling of the climate) appear to be the main drivers of the specific vegetation succession expressed by increased abundance of Alnus, Fraxinus excelsior and Salix along with lianas, suggesting formation of flooded riparian forests (so called {\textquoteleft}Longoz{\textquoteright}) lining the river valleys along the Black Sea coast. The first indicators of farming and other human activities have been recorded since 7074 cal. yrs BP. The dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) assemblages have been analysed to assess the changes in the Black Sea environment over the last 26000 years in terms of fluctuation in paleoproduction and surface water conditions related to changes in climate, freshwater input and Mediterranean water intrusion. Two major dinocyst assemblages were distinguished: one dominated by stenohaline freshwater/brackish-water species and a successive one dominated by euryhaline marine species. The changes in the composition of the assemblages occurred at 7668 cal. yrs BP. The abrupt decrease of stenohaline freshwater/brackish-water species Pyxidinopsis psilata and Spiniferites cruciformis was followed upwards by a gradual increase in euryhaline marine species, such as Lingulodinium machaerophorum, Spiniferites belerius, S. bentorii and acritarch Cymatiosphaera globulosa. The first occurrence of euryhaline marine species took place synchronously with the onset of sapropel deposition. Modern marine conditions were established after 6417 cal yrs BP when an abundance of Mediterranean-related species, such as Operculodinium centrocarpum and Spiniferites mirabilis, along with other heterotrophic species, occurred. After the stable cold and dry environment during the Last Glacial Maximum, the phytoplankton record of core AKAD 11-17 shows that Pediastrum boryanum var. boryanum has a cyclical abundance associated with the deposition of four red-brown clay layers between 19.2 and 14.5 cal. ka BP. This event is associated with the major melting phase of European Ice drained by the Danube and Dnieper Rivers in response to climate warming observed after the end of the Last Glacial Maximum. During the Early Holocene, P. psilata, characterised by a preference to warmer temperatures, demonstrates its ecological optimum for growth concerning SST reaching maximum relative abundance of 94\% between 11072 and 8638 cal. yrs BP. This maximum was interrupted by an abrupt significant short-term decrease in the relative abundance of P. psilata centred between 8500 and 8300 cal. yrs BP reflecting cold conditions similar to those of Younger Dryas. This finding, also confirmed by the rapid significant decrease of arboreal pollen, particularly of Quercus in the same studied core, is considered a regional expression of the well-known {\textquoteleft}8.2 ka cold event{\textquoteright} which is commonly linked to a meltwater-related perturbation of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and associated collapse of oceanic northward heat transport. Our fossil pollen and dinocyst data confirm that the high amplitude temperature anomaly associated with {\textquoteleft}the 8.2 ka cold event{\textquoteright} may have also occurred in south-eastern Europe, at lower latitudes of the western Black Sea coastal area, most probably due to atmospheric transition and/or river discharge.},
	issn = {1314-3301},
	doi = {10.3897/natureconservation.55.121842},
	url = {https://natureconservation.pensoft.net/article/121842/},
	author = {Filipova-Marinova, Mariana and Pavlov, Danail and Slavova, Krasimira}
}
@article {saravanan_reconstructing_2024,
	title = {Reconstructing hypoxia on the eastern Arabian sea continental shelf during the past \~{}7400 years: A multi-proxy approach},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	year = {2024},
	abstract = {Shallow-sea environmental variations in the eastern Arabian Sea (EAS) have been related to monsoon variability, poorly ventilated intermediate water, and primary productivity changes. To understand these conditions, benthic foraminiferal assemblages, oxygen isotope ratios, and total organic carbon content have been examined in sediment Core SK291/GC13 from the EAS. We aim to retrieve decadal to centennial time-scale changes in past oxygenation and paleoproductivity during the last 7400 calibrated years before the present (cal yr BP). Our proxy data suggest that the oxic benthic foraminifera species were dominant during \~{}7400{\textendash}6000~cal~yr BP. The change from oxic to dysoxic occurred during ca. 6000{\textendash}3500~cal~yr BP, and transition from dysoxic to suboxic environmental conditions happened at ca. \~{}3500~cal~yr BP. These changes are contemporaneous with weakening of the Indian summer monsoon beginning at \~{}5500~cal~yr BP which culminated into a major arid phase so-called ca 4.2 ka event in the Indian subcontinent. The EAS experienced low productivity during the early phase of our studied interval (\~{}7400{\textendash}6000~cal~yr BP) and higher productivity in the middle Holocene (6000{\textendash}3000~cal~yr BP), as revealed by the total organic carbon and benthic assemblages. Furthermore, productivity increased in the warm period and decreased in the Little Ice Age on a decadal scale. The spectral analysis of total organic content and suboxic species indicates a 23-year Hale (solar) cycle during the last millennium, indicating a close relationship between solar activity and monsoon variability. The strengthening of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation perhaps amplified due to increased solar activity in the last millennium, which influenced the climate of the EAS. The study highlights paleo-oxygenation shifts based on benthic foraminiferal assemblages, which are crucial for understanding changes in the oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) and their potential impacts on marine ecosystems.},
	keywords = {Benthic assemblages, Goa coast, Hale cycle, Little ice age, Oxygen minimum zone, Suboxic environment},
	issn = {1040-6182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2024.05.007},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618224001630},
	author = {Saravanan, Ponnusamy and Gupta, Anil K. and Li, Xiangzhong and Zheng, Hongbo and Panigrahi, Mruganka K.}
}
@article {puleo_duration_2023,
	title = {Duration and ice thickness of a Late Holocene outlet glacier advance near Narsarsuaq, southern Greenland},
	journal = {Climate of the Past},
	volume = {19},
	number = {9},
	year = {2023},
	note = {Publisher: Copernicus GmbH},
	month = {09/2023},
	pages = {1777{\textendash}1791},
	abstract = {Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) outlet glaciers are currently losing mass, leading to sea level rise. Reconstructions of past outlet glacier behavior through the Holocene help us better understand how they respond to climate change. Kiattuut Sermiat, a southern Greenland outlet glacier near Narsarsuaq, is known to have experienced an unusually large Late Holocene advance that culminated at \~{}1600 cal yr BP and exceeded the glacier{\textquoteright}s Little Ice Age extent. We report sedimentary records from two lakes at slightly different elevations in an upland valley adjacent to Kiattuut Sermiat. These reveal when the outlet glacier{\textquoteright}s surface elevation was higher than during the Little Ice Age and constrain the associated outlet glacier surface elevation. We use bulk sediment geochemistry, magnetic susceptibility, color, texture, and the presence of aquatic plant macrofossils to distinguish between till, glaciolacustrine sediments, and organic lake sediments. Our 14C results above basal till recording regional deglaciation skew slightly old due to a reservoir effect but are generally consistent with regional deglaciation occurring \~{} 11 000 cal yr BP. Neoglacial advance of Kiattuut Sermiat is recorded by deposition of glaciolacustrine sediments in the lower-elevation lake, which we infer was subsumed by an ice-dammed lake that formed along the glacier{\textquoteright}s margin just after \~{} 3900 cal yr BP. This timing is consistent with several other glacial records in Greenland showing neoglacial cooling driving advance between \~{} 4500{\textendash}3000 cal yr BP. Given that glaciolacustrine sediments were deposited only in the lower-elevation lake, combined with glacial geomorphological evidence in the valley containing these lakes, we estimate the former ice margin{\textquoteright}s elevation to have been \~{} 670 m a.s.l., compared with \~{} 420 m a.s.l. today. The ice-dammed lake persisted until the glacier surface fell below this elevation at \~{} 1600 cal yr BP. The retreat timing contrasts with overall evidence for cooling and glacier advance in the region at that time, so we infer that Kiattuut Sermiat{\textquoteright}s retreat may have resulted from reduced snowfall amounts and/or local glaciological complexity. High sensitivity to precipitation changes could also explain the relatively limited Little Ice Age advance of Kiattuut Sermiat compared with the earlier neoglacial advance.},
	issn = {1814-9324},
	doi = {10.5194/cp-19-1777-2023},
	url = {https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/19/1777/2023/},
	author = {Puleo, Peter J. K. and Axford, Yarrow}
}
@article {chu_earthquake-enhanced_2023,
	title = {Earthquake-enhanced dissolved carbon cycles in ultra-deep ocean sediments},
	journal = {Nature Communications},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2023},
	month = {09/2023},
	pages = {5427},
	abstract = {Hadal trenches are unique geological and ecological systems located along subduction zones. Earthquake-triggered turbidites act as efficient transport pathways of organic carbon (OC), yet remineralization and transformation of OC in these systems are not comprehensively understood. Here we measure concentrations and stable- and radiocarbon isotope signatures of dissolved organic and inorganic carbon (DOC, DIC) in the subsurface sediment interstitial water along the Japan Trench axis collected during the IODP Expedition 386. We find accumulation and aging of DOC and DIC in the subsurface sediments, which we interpret as enhanced production of labile dissolved carbon owing to earthquake-triggered turbidites, which supports intensive microbial methanogenesis in the trench sediments. The residual dissolved carbon accumulates in deep subsurface sediments and may continue to fuel the deep biosphere. Tectonic events can therefore enhance carbon accumulation and stimulate carbon transformation in plate convergent trench systems, which may accelerate carbon export into the subduction zones., Earthquakes enhance dissolved carbon production and fuel the microbial activities in hadal trench subsurface sediments, and ultimately strengthen carbon accumulation and transformation in the subduction zones.},
	issn = {2041-1723},
	doi = {10.1038/s41467-023-41116-w},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-41116-w},
	author = {Chu, Mengfan and Bao, Rui and Strasser, Michael and Ikehara, Ken and Everest, Jez and Maeda, Lena and Hochmuth, Katharina and Xu, Li and McNichol, Ann and Bellanova, Piero and Rasbury, Troy and K{\"o}lling, Martin and Riedinger, Natascha and Johnson, Joel and Luo, Min and M{\"a}rz, Christian and Straub, Susanne and Jitsuno, Kana and Brunet, Morgane and Cai, Zhirong and Cattaneo, Antonio and Hsiung, Kanhsi and Ishizawa, Takashi and Itaki, Takuya and Kanamatsu, Toshiya and Keep, Myra and Kioka, Arata and McHugh, Cecilia and Micallef, Aaron and Pandey, Dhananjai and Proust, Jean No{\"e}l and Satoguchi, Yasufumi and Sawyer, Derek and Seibert, Chlo{\'e} and Silver, Maxwell and Virtasalo, Joonas and Wang, Yonghong and Wu, Ting-Wei and Zellers, Sarah}
}
@article {linscott_geology_2023,
	title = {Geology constrains biomineralization expression and functional trait distribution in the Mountainsnails},
	journal = {Journal of Biogeography},
	volume = {50},
	number = {12},
	year = {2023},
	note = {_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jbi.14723},
	month = {12/2023},
	pages = {2122{\textendash}2134},
	abstract = {Aim Geographic variation in metabolic resources necessary for functional trait expression can set limits on species distributions. For species that need to produce and maintain biomineralized traits for survival, spatial variation in mineral macronutrients may constrain species distributions by limiting the expression of biomineralized traits. Here, we examine whether Oreohelix land snails that express heavily biomineralized shell ornaments are restricted to CaCO3 rock regions, if they incorporate greater amounts of CaCO3 rock carbon in their shell than less biomineralized smooth forms, and if ornamentation increases shell strength. Location Western United States. Taxon Oreohelix land snails. Methods We used random forest classification models at multiple spatial resolutions to evaluate the contribution of topographic, vegetation, climate, and geologic variables in predicting the presence of heavily biomineralized shell ornaments across the range of Oreohelix. We then measured and compared shell biometric variables, 14C/12C ratios, and peak force for fracture for ornamented and smooth forms from calcareous and non-calcareous substrates. Results Distance to CaCO3 rock was the most important variable in all models and closer proximity to CaCO3 rock was associated with greater probability of local ornamentation classification. Pairwise comparisons of 14C/12C ratios in closely occurring ornamented vs. smooth population pairs revealed ornamented forms incorporate greater CaCO3 rock carbon than smooth forms. Ornamented types measured in this study were generally heavier and required greater peak force for fracture than smooth forms, except when comparing ornamented forms to smooth forms sampled from CaCO3 rock. Main Conclusions Biomineralization expression, species distribution, and trait function appear to be constrained by mineral supply in a highly diverse group of land snails. This trait-environment relationship provides a basis for future investigations of CaCO3 macronutrient constraints on shell form and species distribution in other terrestrial molluscs and has a direct impact on the management of Oreohelix species.},
	keywords = {calcareous rock, ecophysiological constraint, functional biogeography, land snail, ornamentation, random forest, resource availability},
	issn = {1365-2699},
	doi = {10.1111/jbi.14723},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jbi.14723},
	author = {Linscott, T. Mason and Recla, Nicole K. and Parent, Christine E.}
}
@article {pigati_independent_2023,
	title = {Independent age estimates resolve the controversy of ancient human footprints at White Sands},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {382},
	number = {6666},
	year = {2023},
	note = {Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science},
	month = {10/2023},
	pages = {73{\textendash}75},
	abstract = {Human footprints at White Sands National Park, New Mexico, USA, reportedly date to between \textasciitilde23,000 and 21,000 years ago according to radiocarbon dating of seeds from the aquatic plant Ruppia cirrhosa. These ages remain controversial because of potential old carbon reservoir effects that could compromise their accuracy. We present new calibrated 14C ages of terrestrial pollen collected from the same stratigraphic horizons as those of the Ruppia seeds, along with optically stimulated luminescence ages of sediments from within the human footprint{\textendash}bearing sequence, to evaluate the veracity of the seed ages. The results show that the chronologic framework originally established for the White Sands footprints is robust and reaffirm that humans were present in North America during the Last Glacial Maximum.},
	doi = {10.1126/science.adh5007},
	url = {https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adh5007},
	author = {Pigati, Jeffrey S. and Springer, Kathleen B. and Honke, Jeffrey S. and Wahl, David and Champagne, Marie R. and ZIMMERMAN, SUSAN R. H. and Gray, Harrison J. and Santucci, Vincent L. and Odess, Daniel and Bustos, David and Bennett, Matthew R.}
}
@article {bianchette_machine_2023,
	title = {Machine learning based anomaly detection for sedimentological data: Application to a Holocene multi-proxy paleoenvironmental reconstruction from Laguna Boquita, Jalisco, Mexico},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {464},
	year = {2023},
	month = {08/2023},
	pages = {107125},
	abstract = {Paleoenvironmental reconstructions are critical to determine past climatological and hydrological conditions, such as sea-level rise (SLR) and extreme events including hurricanes and tsunamis. While established quantitative methods, such as principal components analysis and discriminant analysis, have effectively aided reconstructions by demarcating stratigraphic zones, they suffer from limitations due to the underlying assumptions (linearity, normality). Here, we introduce the machine learning technique anomaly detection for sedimentological reconstructions, capable of objectively pinpointing events (anomalies) in sediment cores. We tested this technique on five sediment cores extracted from Laguna Boquita, located along the Pacific coast of Mexico. Each core was subjected to high resolution loss-on-ignition, while the most representative core (core 1) was deemed the training core and scanned with a handheld XRF unit. In general, the sediment cores were dominated by thick units of peat and/or clay, and most cores contained sand layers. This reconstruction represents many environmental settings, ranging from a sandy terrestrial environment (\~{}6830-~\~{}~6370~cal~yr BP), organic-rich wetland (\~{}6370-~\~{}~5170~cal~yr BP), and clastic-rich backbarrier lagoon (\~{}5170~cal~yr BP to present). The anomaly detection technique proved effective in marking many events, including marine transgression, evidence of SLR, transitions separating dominant depositional environments, and, perhaps most notably, a faded blue clay layer with minimal LOI variability that may represent a shift in backbarrier water level. The anomaly detection also registered anomalies when events were not visually distinct nor present in the LOI datasets (false positives), which represent sediment core sections that require further investigation with multiple proxies. However, anomaly detection failed to register anomalies in certain core sections that should have registered as events due to their distinct nature. Future efforts will look to improve anomaly detection by choosing different train cores and adding additional proxy datasets.},
	keywords = {Loss-on-ignition, Machine learning, Paleoclimate, peat, Radiocarbon dating, x-ray fluorescence},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2023.107125},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025322723001378},
	author = {Bianchette, Thomas A. and Pandey, Vijitashwa and Mollan, Calahan and Hall, Sawyer and McCloskey, Terrence A. and Liu, Kam-biu}
}
@article {patrut_radiocarbon_2023,
	title = {Radiocarbon dating of the historic grand baobab of Mahajanga, Madagascar},
	journal = {Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Chemia},
	volume = {68},
	number = {1},
	year = {2023},
	month = {2023},
	pages = {119{\textendash}129},
	chapter = {119},
	abstract = {The article reports the AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) radiocarbon investigation of the historic Grand Baobab of Mahajanga. The largest African baobab of Madagascar exhibits a cluster structure, which consists of 6 fused ordinary stems and of 3 small binding stems. Two samples were collected from the largest stem and from a primary branch, out of which several tiny segments were extracted and dated by radiocarbon. The oldest dated sample segment had a radiocarbon date of 214 {\textpm} 17 BP, which corresponds to a calibrated age of 265 {\textpm} 25 calendar years. The dating results indicate that the Grand Baobab of Mahajanga is 275 {\textpm} 25 years old. },
	doi = {10.24193/subbchem.2023.1.09},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Patrut, Roxana T and Rakosy, Laszlo and RATIU, ILEANA ANDREEA and Danthu, Pascal and Leong Pock Tsy, Jean-Michel and von Reden, Karl F}
}
@article {holt_tropical_2023,
	title = {A Tropical Cocktail of Organic Matter Sources: Variability in Supraglacial and Glacier Outflow Dissolved Organic Matter Composition and Age Across the Ecuadorian Andes},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},
	volume = {128},
	number = {5},
	year = {2023},
	note = {_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2022JG007188},
	month = {05/2023},
	pages = {e2022JG007188},
	abstract = {The biogeochemistry of rapidly retreating Andean glaciers is poorly understood, and Ecuadorian glacier dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition is unknown. This study examined molecular composition and carbon isotopes of DOM from supraglacial and outflow streams (n = 5 and 14, respectively) across five ice capped volcanoes in Ecuador. Compositional metrics were paired with streamwater isotope analyses (δ18O) to assess if outflow DOM composition was associated with regional precipitation gradients and thus an atmospheric origin of glacier DOM. Ecuadorian glacier outflows exported ancient, biolabile dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and DOM contained a high relative abundance (RA) of aliphatic and peptide-like compounds (>=27\%RA). Outflows were consistently more depleted in Δ14C-DOC (i.e., older) compared to supraglacial streams (mean -195.2 and -61.3{\textperthousand} respectively), perhaps due to integration of spatially heterogenous and variably aged DOM pools across the supraglacial environment, or incorporation of aged subglacial OM as runoff was routed to the outflow. Across Ecuador, Δ14C-DOC enrichment was associated with decreased aromaticity of DOM, due to increased contributions of organic matter (OM) from microbial processes or atmospheric deposition of recently fixed and subsequently degraded OM (e.g., biomass burning byproducts). There was a regional gradient between glacier outflow DOM composition and streamwater δ18O, suggesting covariation between regional precipitation gradients and the DOM exported from glacier outflows. Ultimately, this highlights that atmospheric deposition may exert a control on glacier outflow DOM composition, suggesting regional air circulation patterns and precipitation sources in part determine the origins and quality of OM exported from glacier environments.},
	keywords = {cryosphere, dissolved organic carbon, Dissolved organic matter, Ecuador, FT-ICR MS, glaciers, δ13C-DOC, Δ14C-DOC},
	issn = {2169-8961},
	doi = {10.1029/2022JG007188},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2022JG007188},
	author = {Holt, Amy D. and Kellerman, Anne M. and Battin, Tom. I. and McKenna, Amy M. and Hood, Eran and Andino, Patricio and Crespo-P{\'e}rez, Ver{\'o}nica and Peter, Hannes and Sch{\"o}n, Martina and De Staercke, Vincent and Styllas, Michail and Tolosano, Matteo and Spencer, Robert G. M.}
}
@article {2949,
	title = {Contemporary sources dominate carbonaceous aerosol on the North Slope of Alaska},
	journal = {Science of The Total Environment},
	volume = {831},
	year = {2022},
	month = {Jan-07-2022},
	pages = {154641},
	abstract = {As the Arctic continues to change and warm rapidly, it is increasingly important to understand the organic carbon (OC) contribution to Arctic aerosol. Biogenic sources of primary and secondary OC in the Arctic will be impacted by climate change, including warming temperatures and earlier snow and ice melt. This study focuses on identifying potential sources and regional influences on the seasonal concentration of organic aerosol through analysis of chemical and isotopic composition. Aerosol samples were collected at two sites on the North Slope of Alaska (Utqiagvik, UQK, and Oliktok Point, OLK, which is in an Arctic oilfield) over three summers from 2015 to 2017. The elemental carbon (EC) trends at each site were used to understand local combustion influences. Local sources drove EC concentrations at Oliktok Point, where high EC was attributed to oil and gas extraction activity, including diesel combustion emissions. Utqiagvik had very low EC in the summer. OC was more similar in concentration and well correlated between the two sites with high contributions of contemporary carbon by radiocarbon apportionment (UQK = 74\%, OLK = 63\%), which could include both marine and terrestrial sources of contemporary carbon (e.g. primary and secondary biogenic, biomass burning and/or associated SOA, and bioaerosols). OC concentrations are strongly correlated to maximum ambient temperatures on the NSA during the summer, which may have implications for predicting future OC aerosol concentrations in a warming Arctic. Biomass burning was determined to be an episodic influence at both sites, based on interpretation of combined aerosol composition, air mass trajectories, and remote sensing of smoke plumes. The results from this study overall strongly suggests contribution from regional sources of contemporary organic aerosol on the NSA, but additional analysis is needed to better constrain contributions from both biogenic sources (terrestrial and/or marine) and bioaerosol to better understand temperature-related aerosol processes in the Arctic.},
	issn = {00489697},
	doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154641},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S004896972201734X},
	author = {Moffett, Claire E. and Mehra, Manisha and Barrett, Tate E. and Gunsch, Matthew J. and Pratt, Kerri A. and Sheesley, Rebecca J.}
}
@article {2954,
	title = {Glacial isostatic adjustment near the center of the former Patagonian Ice Sheet (48{\textdegree}S) during the last 16.5 kyr},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {277},
	year = {2022},
	month = {Jan-02-2022},
	pages = {107346},
	abstract = {Our understanding of glacial isostatic rebound across Patagonia is highly limited, despite its importance to constrain past ice volume estimates and better comprehend relative sea-level variations. With this in mind, our research objective is to reconstruct the magnitude and rate of Late Glacial and Holocene glacial isostatic adjustment near the center of the former Patagonian Ice Sheet. We focus on Larenas Bay (48{\textdegree}S; 1.26 km2), which is connected to Baker Channel through a shallow (7.4 m) and narrow (ca. 150 m across) inlet, and hence has the potential to record periods of basin isolation and marine ingression. The paleoenvironmental evolution of the bay was investigated through a sedimentological analysis of a 9.2 m long radiocarbon-dated sediment core covering the last 16.8 kyr. Salinity indicators, including diatom paleoecology, alkenone concentrations and CaCO3 content, were used to reconstruct the bay{\textquoteright}s connectivity to the fjord. Results indicate that Larenas Bay was a marine environment before 16.5 cal kyr BP and after 9.1 cal kyr BP, but that it was disconnected from Baker Channel in-between. We infer that the postglacial rebound started before 16.5 cal kyr BP and that it outpaced global sea-level rise until slightly before 9.1 cal kyr BP. During the Late Glacial and early Holocene, the center of the former Patagonian Ice Sheet experienced an absolute uplift of ca. 96 m, at an average rate of 1.3 cm/yr. During the remainder of the Holocene, glacial isostatic adjustment continued (ca. 20 m), but at a slower average pace of 0.2 cm/yr. Comparisons between multi-millennial variations in the salinity indicators and existing records of global sea-level rise suggest that the glacial isostatic adjustment rate also fluctuated within these time intervals, likely in response to glacier dynamics. More specifically, most of the glacial isostatic adjustment registered between 16.5 {\textendash} 9.1 cal kyr BP seems to have occurred before meltwater pulse 1A (14.5 {\textendash} 14.0 kyr BP). Likewise, it appears that the highest glacial isostatic rebound rates of the last 9.1 kyr occurred during the late Holocene, most likely in response to glacier recession from their Neoglacial maxima. This implies a relatively rapid response of the local solid earth to ice unloading, which agrees with independent modelling studies investigating contemporary uplift. We conclude that the center of the former Patagonian Ice Sheet experienced a glacial isostatic adjustment of ca. 116 m over the last 16.5 kyr, and that >80\% occurred during the Late Glacial and early Holocene.},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107346},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379121005539},
	author = {Troch, Matthias and Bertrand, S{\'e}bastien and Lange, Carina B. and C{\'a}rdenas, Paola and Arz, Helge and Pantoja-Guti{\'e}rrez, Silvio and De Pol-Holz, Ricardo and Kilian, Rolf}
}
@article {2969,
	title = {Heterogeneous Patterns of Aged Organic Carbon Export Driven by Hydrologic Flow Paths, Soil Texture, Fire, and Thaw in Discontinuous Permafrost Headwaters},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	volume = {36},
	year = {2022},
	month = {Jan-04-2022},
	abstract = {Climate change is thawing and potentially mobilizing vast quantities of organic carbon (OC) previously stored for millennia in permafrost soils of northern circumpolar landscapes. Climate-driven increases in fire and thermokarst may play a key role in OC mobilization by thawing permafrost and promoting transport of OC. Yet, the extent of OC mobilization and mechanisms controlling terrestrial-aquatic transfer are unclear. We demonstrate that hydrologic transport of soil dissolved OC (DOC) from the active layer and thawing permafrost to headwater streams is extremely heterogeneous and regulated by the interactions of soils, seasonal thaw, fire, and thermokarst. Repeated sampling of streams in eight headwater catchments of interior Alaska showed that the mean age of DOC for each stream ranges widely from modern to \~{}2,000 years B.P. Together, an endmember mixing model and nonlinear, generalized additive models demonstrated that Δ14C-DOC signature (and mean age) increased from spring to fall, and was proportional to hydrologic contributions from a solute-rich water source, related to presumed deeper flow paths found predominantly in silty catchments. This relationship was correlated with and mediated by catchment properties. Mean DOC ages were older in catchments with >50\% burned area, indicating that fire is also an important explanatory variable. These observations underscore the high heterogeneity in aged C export and difficulty of extrapolating estimates of permafrost-derived DOC export from watersheds to larger scales. Our results provide the foundation for developing a conceptual model of permafrost DOC export necessary for advancing understanding and prediction of land-water C exchange in changing boreal landscapes. In high latitude environments, soils that have been frozen for millennia are thawing, releasing organic carbon (OC). Thawing and export of OC to downstream aquatic ecosystems is a potential biogeochemical feedback that may accelerate climate warming if large amounts of ancient OC are transformed and released to the atmosphere as greenhouse gases. The magnitude and timing of ancient OC thaw and mobilization are not well defined, so predicting these patterns at local to global scales is challenging. Using a suite of diverse headwater catchments in the discontinuous permafrost zone of Alaska, USA, we identify the main controls on the mobilization of ancient OC from thawing landscapes into adjacent streams. Our surveys show that ancient OC export depends on the complex interaction between fire history, soil type and thawing characteristics, and seasonal warming. We find that all of these factors play a role, resulting in highly heterogeneous release of ancient OC to headwater streams. Aged dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in headwater streams in interior Alaska is heterogeneous across permafrost landscapes indicating the interplay of multiple drivers Aged DOC concentrations increase from spring to fall and are highest in catchments with >50\% burned extent and dominated by silty uplands Aged DOC is proportional to stream solute loads, indicating that deeper flow paths deliver permafrost C to streams Aged dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in headwater streams in interior Alaska is heterogeneous across permafrost landscapes indicating the interplay of multiple drivers Aged DOC concentrations increase from spring to fall and are highest in catchments with >50\% burned extent and dominated by silty uplands Aged DOC is proportional to stream solute loads, indicating that deeper flow paths deliver permafrost C to streams},
	issn = {0886-6236},
	doi = {10.1029/2021GB007242},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2021GB007242},
	author = {Koch, Joshua C. and Bogard, Matthew J. and Butman, David E. and Finlay, Kerri and Ebel, Brian and James, Jason and Johnston, Sarah Ellen and Jorgenson, M. Torre and Pastick, Neal J. and Spencer, Robert G. M. and Striegl, Robert and Walvoord, Michelle and Wickland, Kimberly P.}
}
@article {thatcher_iberian_2022,
	title = {Iberian hydroclimate variability and the Azores High during the last 1200 years: evidence from proxy records and climate model simulations},
	journal = {Climate Dynamics},
	year = {2022},
	month = {08/2022},
	pages = {1{\textendash}23},
	abstract = {The state of the atmospheric circulation and the associated hydroclimate in the North Atlantic during the last millennium remain the subject of considerable debate in both proxy- and model-based studies. Of particular interest in the Iberian region is the Azores High (AH) system, the southern node of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), an atmospheric dipole closely tied to regional hydroclimate. Hydroclimate-sensitive proxy reconstructions from this region offer some insights into atmospheric dynamics, but large spatiotemporal gaps in these data inhibit a robust evaluation of hydroclimate variability. In this study, we present a continuous, sub-decadally-resolved composite stalagmite carbon isotopic record from three partially overlapping stalagmites from Buraca Gloriosa (BG) cave, western Portugal, situated within the center of the AH, that preserves evidence of regional hydroclimate variability from approximately 800 CE to the present. Chronologies are derived from U/Th dating and annual laminae. Stalagmite carbon isotopic values primarily reflect the amount of effective moisture and reveal generally dry conditions during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA; 850{\textendash}1250 CE) and Modern Climate/Industrial Era (1850 CE-present), and wetter conditions during the Little Ice Age (LIA; 1400{\textendash}1850 CE). Multidecadal to centennial variability in the BG record and state-of-the-art last millennium climate model simulations show considerable coherence with precipitation-sensitive records from Spain and Morocco that, like BG, are strongly influenced by the intensity, size, and location of the AH. Model-proxy synthesis suggests that western Portugal was persistently dry during much of the MCA consistent with other NAO reconstructions; however, even considering age uncertainties, the apparent timing in the transition from a relatively dry MCA to a wetter LIA is spatially variable and confirms the non-stationary behavior of the AH system indicated by model output.},
	keywords = {Azores High, Hydroclimate, last millennium, Last Millennium Ensemble, Paleoclimate, Stalagmite},
	doi = {10.1007/s00382-022-06427-6},
	url = {https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1150271437},
	author = {Thatcher, Diana L. and Wanamaker, A. D. and Denniston, R. F. and Ummenhofer, C. C. and Asmerom, Y. and Polyak, V. J. and Cresswell-Clay, N. and Hasiuk, F. and Haws, J. and Gillikin, D. P.}
}
@article {2963,
	title = {Indian monsoon variability during the past \~{}8.5~cal~kyr as recorded in the sediments of the northeastern Arabian Sea},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	year = {2022},
	month = {Jan-04-2022},
	abstract = {We analyzed benthic and planktic foraminifera, total organic carbon and stable isotopes ratios of carbon and oxygen from 100 samples of marine sediment Core ABP, 25/03, off Gujarat in the northeastern Arabian Sea. Factor and cluster analyses of thirty highest-ranked benthic foraminifer species enabled to identify seven biofacies in the study sequence characterizing major changes in deep-sea environments during the past \~{}8.5 cal kyr. The benthic foraminiferal data has been combined with population abundances of upwelling indicator planktic foraminifer Globigerina bulloides and mixed layer species from Core ABP, 25/03 and compared with that from ODP Hole 723A and Core ABP, 25/02, western and eastern Arabian Sea, respectively. A major change in benthic foraminifera occurs during \~{}8.5 to 6 cal kyr BP, when the summer monsoon was stronger whereas during 6 to 2 cal kyr BP, the data suggest a weak summer monsoon. Planktic foraminifer Globigerina bulloides does not show any significant trend in the study core, but deep thermocline species Neogloboquadrina dutertrei and mixed layer species show significant trend with an inverse correlation with the TOC. This core records high TOC from \~{}6.5 to 4 cal kyr BP and during the last 2 cal kyr and low TOC during \~{}8.5 to 6.5 cal kyr BP and 4 to 2 cal kyr BP. It is interesting to note intervals of high mixed layer species coincide with high Neogloboquadrina dutertrei percentages and low TOC values at Core ABP, 25/03 during 8.5 to 6.5 cal kyr BP.The faunal data is supported by carbon and oxygen isotope ratios (δ13C and δ18O) of shells of benthic foraminifer Cibicides spp. to strengthen our understanding of changes in the eastern Arabian Sea since \~{}8.5 cal kyr BP.},
	issn = {10406182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2022.03.016},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S104061822200115X},
	author = {Ravichandran, M. and Gupta, Anil K. and Mohan, K. and Tiwari, Sameer K. and Lakshumanan, C. and Panigrahi, M.K.}
}
@article {2978,
	title = {Late Holocene Paleomagnetic Secular Variation in the Chukchi Sea, Arctic Ocean},
	journal = {Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems},
	volume = {23},
	year = {2022},
	month = {05/2022},
	pages = {1-21},
	abstract = {The geomagnetic field behavior in polar regions remains poorly understood and documented. Although a number of Late Holocene paleomagnetic secular variation (PSV) records exist from marginal settings of the Amerasian Basin in the Arctic Ocean, their age control often relies on a handful of radiocarbon dates to constrain ages over the past 4,200 years. Here we present well-dated Late Holocene PSV records from two sediment cores recovered from the Chukchi Sea, Arctic Ocean. The records are dated using 26 14C measurements, with local marine reservoir corrections calibrated using tephra layers from the 3.6 cal ka BP Aniakchak eruption in Northern Alaska. These 14C-based chronologies are extended into the post-bomb era using caesium-137 dating, and mercury isochrons. Paleomagnetic measurements and rock magnetic analyses reveal stable characteristic remanent magnetization directions, and a magnetic mineralogy dominated by low-coercivity minerals. The PSV records conform well to global spherical harmonic field model outputs. Centennial to millennial scale directional features are synchronous between the cores and other Western Arctic records from the area. Due to the robust chronology, these new high-resolution PSV records provide a valuable contribution to the characterization of geomagnetic field behavior in the Arctic over the past few thousand years, and can aid in developing age models for suitable sediments found in this region.},
	doi = {10.1029/2021GC010187},
	url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2021GC010187},
	author = {West, Gabriel and Nilsson, Andreas and Geels, Alexis and Jakobsson, Martin and Moros, Matthias and Muschitiello, Francesco and Pearce, Christof and Snowball, Ian and O{\textquoteright}Regan, Matt}
}
@article {2951,
	title = {Not all permafrost microbiomes are created equal: Influence of permafrost thaw on the soil microbiome in a laboratory incubation study},
	journal = {Soil Biology and Biochemistry},
	volume = {167},
	year = {2022},
	month = {Jan-04-2022},
	pages = {108605},
	abstract = {Permafrost is thawing at unprecedented rates, significantly altering landscapes and ecosystem trajectories by changing subsurface conditions, vegetation characteristics, and soil properties. Dormant microbes become active as temperatures rise and permafrost soils warm and thaw. To determine the effects of sample location and warming on the permafrost microbiome, we collected permafrost from five distinct locations within the Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory{\textquoteright}s Permafrost Tunnel (PT) near Fairbanks, Alaska and warmed them in a laboratory incubation study. Heterotrophic respiration was continuously monitored and metagenomes were analyzed at select incubation temperatures. Under frozen conditions, microbial respiration rates from different PT locations were similar, ranging from 2 to 12 mg C{\textendash}CO2 kg-1 d-1. During thaw, respiration increased in samples from three PT locations, but remained stable for two locations. Analysis of the shotgun metagenomes showed how the microbial communities and their potential function changed as a function of location and incubation temperature. This indicates a differential response of permafrost microbes based on their origin. These findings have important implications for developing accurate forecasts of microbial community assemblages during thaw in that location should be considered as a strong influencing factor.},
	issn = {00380717},
	doi = {10.1016/j.soilbio.2022.108605},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038071722000621},
	author = {Barbato, R.A. and Jones, R.M. and Douglas, T.A. and Doherty, S.J. and Messan, K. and Foley, K.L. and Perkins, E.J. and Thurston, A.K. and Garcia-Reyero, N.}
}
@article {2980,
	title = {Organic carbon burial by river meandering partially offsets bank erosion carbon fluxes in a discontinuous permafrost floodplain},
	journal = {Earth Surface Dynamics},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2022},
	month = {05/2022},
	pages = {421 - 435},
	abstract = {Arctic river systems erode permafrost in their banks and mobilize particulate organic carbon (OC). Meandering rivers can entrain particulate OC from permafrost many meters below the depth of annual thaw, potentially enabling the production of greenhouse gases. However, the amount and fate of permafrost OC that is mobilized by river erosion is uncertain. To constrain OC fluxes due to riverbank erosion and deposition, we collected riverbank and floodplain sediment samples along the Koyukuk River, which meanders through discontinuous permafrost in the Yukon River watershed, Alaska, USA, with an average migration rate of 0.52 m yr-1. We measured sediment total OC (TOC) content, radiocarbon activity, water content, bulk density, grain size, and floodplain stratigraphy. Radiocarbon activity and TOC content were higher in samples dominated by silt as compared to sand, which we used to map OC content onto floodplain stratigraphy and estimate carbon fluxes due to river meandering. Results showed that the Koyukuk River erodes and re-deposits a substantial flux of OC each year due to its depth and high migration rate, generating a combined OC flux of a similar magnitude to the floodplain net ecological productivity. However, sediment being eroded from cutbanks and deposited as point bars had similar OC stocks (mean {\textpm} 1 SD of 125.3{\textpm}13.1 kg OC m-2 in cutbanks versus 114.0{\textpm}15.7 kg OC m-2 in point bars) whether or not the banks contained permafrost. We also observed radiocarbon-depleted biospheric OC in both cutbanks and permafrost-free point bars. These results indicate that a substantial fraction of aged biospheric OC that is liberated from floodplains by bank erosion is subsequently re-deposited in point bars rather than being oxidized. The process of aging, erosion, and re-deposition of floodplain organic material may be intrinsic to river{\textendash}floodplain dynamics, regardless of permafrost content.},
	doi = {10.5194/esurf-10-421-2022},
	url = {https://esurf.copernicus.org/articles/10/421/2022/},
	author = {Douglas, Madison M. and Li, Gen K. and Fischer, Woodward W. and Rowland, Joel C. and Kemeny, Preston C. and West, A. Joshua and Schwenk, Jon and Piliouras, Anastasia P. and Chadwick, Austin J. and Lamb, Michael P.}
}
@article {patrut_radiocarbon_2022,
	title = {Radiocarbon dating of the historic Emperor{\textquoteright}s Beech from Muncel, Baia de Aries, Romania},
	journal = {Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Chemia},
	volume = {67},
	number = {4},
	year = {2022},
	note = {Publisher: Babes-Bolyai University},
	month = {2022},
	pages = {187{\textendash}196},
	abstract = {The article reports the AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) radiocarbon dating results of the historic Emperor{\textquoteright}s Beech (Fagul {\^I}mp{\u a}ratului) from Muncel, Baia de Arie{\c s}, Romania. Two wood samples were collected from the large tree, out of which four segments were extracted and analysed by AMS radiocarbon. The oldest dated sample segment had a radiocarbon date of 233 {\textpm} 18 BP, which corresponds to a calibrated age of 365 {\textpm} 5 years. This value suggests an age of 420 {\textpm} 20 years for the Emperor{\textquoteright}s Beech. Thus, the historic beech started growing around the year 1600.},
	issn = {1224-7154},
	doi = {10.24193/subbchem.2022.4.12},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Bocos-Bintintan, Victor and Patrut, Roxana T. and Partila, Doriana and Ratiu, Ileana-Andreea and Rakosy, Laszlo and von Reden, Karl F.}
}
@article {patrut_radiocarbon_2022,
	title = {Radiocarbon Investigation of the Historic African Baobabs of Omusati, Namibia},
	journal = {Forests},
	volume = {13},
	number = {11},
	year = {2022},
	month = {11/2022},
	pages = {1899},
	abstract = {The Omusati region belongs to historic Ovamboland, an area of northern Namibia populated by tribes of the Ovambo group. Four very large African baobabs of Omusati played an important role in historic events of the area, such as the tribal wars and the Namibian War of Independence. The four historic baobabs are the Ombalantu baobab (8 stems; circumference 24.50 m), Okahao baobab (4+ stems; around 25 m), Amadhila baobab (12 stems; 25.35 m) and Sir Howard baobab (9 stems; 31.60 m). Two historic baobabs collapsed totally or partially. The stems of the Amadhila baobab toppled and died in 2021, while 3 stems of the Okahao baobab collapsed a long time ago, but are still alive. Our research aimed to determine the architecture and age of these baobabs. Three baobabs (Ombalantu, Amadhila, Sir Howard) exhibit a closed ring-shaped structure, with a false cavity inside. One baobab (Okahao) had an open ring-shaped structure, before its collapse. Several wood cores were extracted from the baobabs and investigated by radiocarbon dating. The dating results indicate ages of 770 {\textpm} 50 years for the Ombalantu baobab, 650 {\textpm} 50 years for the Okahao baobab, 1100 {\textpm} 50 years for the Amadhila baobab and 750 {\textpm} 50 years for the Sir Howard baobab.},
	issn = {1999-4907},
	doi = {10.3390/f13111899},
	url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/11/1899},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Patrut, Roxana T. and Rakosy, Laszlo and Rakosy, Demetra and Oliver, Willie and Ratiu, Ileana A. and Lowy, Daniel A. and Shiimbi, Gebhardt and Woodborne, Stephan and von Reden, Karl F.}
}
@article {patrut_radiocarbon_2022,
	title = {Radiocarbon investigation of two large African baobabs from Kizimkazi, Zanzibar, Tanzania},
	journal = {Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Chemia},
	volume = {67},
	number = {2},
	year = {2022},
	month = {10/2022},
	pages = {143{\textendash}153},
	abstract = {The article reports the AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) radiocarbon dating results of Kizimkazi Big tree and Kizimkazi II baobab, two large African baobabs from Zanzibar, Tanzania. Unfortunately, both baobabs toppled and died in 2018 and 2020, during violent storms. The investigation of the two baobabs evinced that the first of them, which was also the biggest tree of Tanzania, consisted of 5 stems, out of which 2 were false ones, and had a closed ring-shaped structure. The second baobab was composed of 4 fused stems and had a cluster structure. Several wood samples were collected from the two baobabs. Seven segments were extracted from the samples and dated by radiocarbon. The oldest segment from Kizimkazi Big tree had a radiocarbon date of 312 {\textpm} 18 BP, corresponding to a calibrated age of 380 {\textpm} 10 calendar years. According to dating results, the Kizimkazi Big tree died at the age of 400 {\textpm} 25 years. The oldest segment from Kizimkazi II baobab had a radiocarbon date of 137 {\textpm} 17 BP, corresponding to a calibrated age of 190 {\textpm} 10 calendar years. This value indicates that the Kizimkazi II baobab was 250 {\textpm} 25 years old when it died. },
	issn = {1224-7154},
	doi = {10.24193/subbchem.2022.2.09},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Patrut, Roxana T. and Rakosy, Laszlo and Ratiu, Ileana-Andreea and Bodis, Jen{\H o} and Nassor, Nassor Mahmoud and von Reden, Karl F.}
}
@article {2971,
	title = {RADIOCARBON INVESTIGATION OF TWO OLD ELMS FROM ROMANIA},
	journal = {STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABES-BOLYAI CHEMIA},
	volume = {67},
	year = {2022},
	month = {2022},
	pages = {245 - 256},
	abstract = {The paper reports the AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) radiocarbon investigation results of two superlative elms from Romana, the very large field elm of Calafat, with a wood volume of 85 m(3), and the wych elm of Sadova. Two wood samples were extracted from each elm and were analysed by AMS radiocarbon. The oldest dated sample from the elm of Calafat had a radiocarbon date of 350 +/- 19 BP, which corresponds to a calibrated age of 415 +/- 25 years, while the oldest sample from the elm of Sadova had a radiocarbon date of 188 +/- 24 BP, corresponding to a calibrated age of 260 +/- 25 years. These values indicate high ages for the two elms, namely 430 +/- 25 years or the elm of Calafat and 400 +/- 25 years for the elm of Sadova.},
	keywords = {Age, Age determination, AMS radiocarbon dating, BAOBABS, carbon, dendrochronology, PEDUNCULATE OAK, PERFORMANCE, Romania, Trees, Ulmus glabra, Ulmus minor},
	isbn = {1224-7154},
	doi = {10.24193/subbchem.2022.1.16},
	url = {http://chem.ubbcluj.ro/~studiachemia/issues/chemia2022_1/16Patrut_etal_245_256.pdf},
	author = {Patrut, A and Patrut, RT and Bocos-Bintintan, V and Ratiu, IA and Rakosy, L and Zdrob, G and Vanca, E and von Reden, KF}
}
@article {longworth_radiocarbon_2022,
	title = {Radiocarbon measurement of CO2 from carbonate minerals using a hybrid gas ion source with an open split interface},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
	volume = {531},
	year = {2022},
	month = {11/2022},
	pages = {49{\textendash}55},
	abstract = {We have developed a method for measuring radiocarbon in carbonate minerals as CO2 gas via a NEC MCSNICS hybrid sputter gas ion source (HGIS). The method uses helium as a carrier gas to displace CO2 from sample vials to an open split, where a glass capillary samples the mixture for delivery directly to the HGIS. This method skips the gas transfer and quantification steps used in a closed inlet HGIS system, simplifying sample measurement. Samples larger than 8 mg carbonate can be measured. Results from measurements of consensus standards (TIRI I, IAEA C2, and an internal modern shell standard), and samples from a marine core (F14C = 0.4{\textendash}1.15) show that the method agrees well with traditional AMS measurement of the same samples as graphite, and that the 1σ uncertainty is about 1\%. We discuss advantages and disadvantages of continuous flow sample introduction, and the effect of reduced precision on calibrated age-depth models produced using gas-source data.},
	keywords = {Carbonate, Hybrid gas ion source, radiocarbon},
	issn = {0168-583X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.nimb.2022.08.013},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168583X2200218X},
	author = {Longworth, Brett E. and Burton, Joshua R. and Pendleton, Simon L. and Moser, Sydney D. and Roberts, Mark L. and Kurz, Mark D.}
}
@article {pienkowski_revised_2022,
	title = {Revised marine reservoir offset (ΔR) values for molluscs and marine mammals from Arctic North America},
	journal = {Boreas},
	year = {2022},
	note = {_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/bor.12606},
	month = {11/2022},
	abstract = {Appropriate marine{\textendash}terrestrial reservoir offset (ΔR) values are essential for accurate calibration of marine radiocarbon dates. However, ΔR values are only valid for the specific calibration curve that their calculation is based on. Here, we present revised ΔR values for the Marine20 calibration curve from Arctic North America, based on previously published 14C dates on pre-bomb live-collected marine molluscs (n = 124) and cetaceans (beluga whales; tooth dentine; n = 12), and bowhead whale{\textendash}driftwood age comparisons from the same glacio-isostatically uplifted shorelines (n = 18). Molluscan-based ΔR are: Chukchi/Beaufort sea coasts, 265{\textpm}116 14C years; NW Canadian Arctic Archipelago, 188{\textpm}91 14C years; NE Baffin Island, 81{\textpm}18 14C years; SE Baffin Island, 14{\textpm}58 14C years; Hudson Strait, -73{\textpm}64 14C years; Ungava Bay, 0{\textpm}86 14C years; Foxe Basin, 175{\textpm}89 14C years; Hudson Bay, -21{\textpm}72 14C years; James Bay, 209{\textpm}114 14C years; West Greenland, -93{\textpm}111 14C years. Species-specific marine mammal ΔR terms are 107{\textpm}59 14C years for beluga and 24{\textpm}58 14C years for bowheads. Our revised ΔR values are applicable for as long as the same broad oceanographic conditions (circulation, ventilation) have persisted, i.e. through the Holocene. While molluscan values are applicable to other marine carbonate (e.g. foraminifera), cetacean ΔR are valid only for the species they were calculated for and should not be applied to other marine mammals. Importantly, the ΔR terms calculated here are only valid for Marine20 and should not be used with earlier or later calibration curves.},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/bor.12606},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/bor.12606},
	author = {Pie{\'n}kowski, Anna J. and Coulthard, Roy D. and Furze, Mark F. A.}
}
@article {thompson_use_2022,
	title = {Use of δ18Oatm in dating a Tibetan ice core record of Holocene/Late Glacial climate},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	volume = {119},
	number = {45},
	year = {2022},
	note = {Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	month = {11/2022},
	pages = {e2205545119},
	abstract = {Ice cores from the northwestern Tibetan Plateau (NWTP) contain long records of regional climate variability, but refrozen meltwater and dust in these cores has hampered development of robust timescales. Here, we introduce an approach to dating the ice via the isotopic composition of atmospheric O2 in air bubbles (δ18Oatm), along with annual layer counting and radiocarbon dating. We provide a robust chronology for water isotope records (δ18Oice and d-excess) from three ice cores from the Guliya ice cap in the NWTP. The measurement of δ18Oatm, although common in polar ice core timescales, has rarely been used on ice cores from low-latitude, high-altitude glaciers due to (1) low air pressure, (2) the common presence of refrozen melt that adds dissolved gases and reduces the amount of air available for analysis, and (3) the respiratory consumption of molecular oxygen (O2) by micro-organisms in the ice, which fractionates the δ18O of O2 from the atmospheric value. Here, we make corrections for melt and respiration to address these complications. The resulting records of water isotopes from the Guliya ice cores reveal climatic variations over the last 15,000 y, the timings of which correspond to those observed in independently dated lake and speleothem records and confirm that the Guliya ice cap existed before the Holocene. The millennial-scale drivers of δ18Oice are complex and temporally variable; however, Guliya δ18Oice values since the mid-20th century are the highest since the beginning of the Holocene and have increased with regional air temperature.},
	doi = {10.1073/pnas.2205545119},
	url = {https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2205545119},
	author = {Thompson, Lonnie G. and Severinghaus, Jeffrey P. and Yao, Tandong and Davis, Mary E. and Mosley-Thompson, Ellen and Beaudon, Emilie and Sierra-Hern{\'a}ndez, M. Roxana and Porter, Stacy E.}
}
@article {puleo_younger_2022,
	title = {Younger Dryas and early Holocene climate in south Greenland inferred from oxygen isotopes of chironomids, aquatic Moss, and Moss cellulose},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {296},
	year = {2022},
	month = {11/2022},
	pages = {107810},
	abstract = {Ice core records have long indicated that the Younger Dryas began and ended with large, abrupt climate shifts over Greenland. Key climatic features remain unknown, including the magnitude of warming during the Younger Dryas-Holocene transition along with the seasonality and spatial variability of Younger Dryas climate changes across Greenland. Here, we use geochemical and paleoecological proxies from lake sediments at Lake N14 in south Greenland to address these outstanding questions. Radiocarbon dating and diatom assemblages confirm early deglaciation and isolation of Lake N14 before \~{}13,600~cal~yr BP, consistent with previous work. Oxygen isotope ratios (δ18O) of chironomid head capsules, bulk aquatic moss, and aquatic moss-derived cellulose are used to reconstruct oxygen isotopes of past lake water and annual precipitation. Oxygen isotope proxies indicate annual precipitation δ18O values increased by 5.9{\textendash}7.7{\textperthousand} at the end of the Younger Dryas. Following the Younger Dryas, moss and cellulose δ18O values show a clear decline in precipitation δ18O values of 2{\textendash}3{\textperthousand} from \~{}11,540{\textendash}11,340~cal~yr BP that may correspond with the Preboreal Oscillation. Reconstructed precipitation δ18O values then gradually increased from 11,300{\textendash}10,100~cal~yr BP. All three aquatic organic materials register similar shifts in precipitation δ18O values over time, and they closely parallel the δ18O shifts observed in ice cores. This evidence strongly supports the utility of these methods for reconstructing lake water δ18O, and furthermore precipitation δ18O values where lake water reflects precipitation. The relatively large shift in isotopic composition of precipitation at Lake N14 suggests that shifts in temperature, precipitation seasonality, and/or moisture sources at the end of the Younger Dryas were even larger in south Greenland than they were in central Greenland, most likely because of the proximity to major changes in North Atlantic Ocean circulation. The annual air temperature change estimated at Lake N14 at the end of the Younger Dryas is also very large (\~{}18~{\textpm}~7~{\textdegree}C) compared to the summer warming previously inferred from chironomid species assemblages there (\~{}6~{\textdegree}C). This indicates that the strongest warming at the end of the Younger Dryas occurred in the winter season, consistent with past observations of intensified Younger Dryas seasonality at Lake N14 and elsewhere in Greenland.},
	keywords = {Chironomids, Deglaciation, diatoms, Greenland, Holocene, Micropaleontology, paleoclimatology, paleolimnology, Stable isotopes, Younger Dryas},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107810},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379122004413},
	author = {Puleo, Peter J. K. and Masterson, Andrew L. and Medeiros, Andrew S. and Schellinger, Grace and Steigleder, Regan and Woodroffe, Sarah and Osburn, Magdalena R. and Axford, Yarrow}
}
@article {2941,
	title = {AGE, GROWTH AND ARCHITECTURE OF THE HISTORIC BIG TREE AT VICTORIA FALLS, ZIMBABWE ASSESSED BY RADIOCARBON DATING},
	journal = {Dendrochronologia},
	year = {2021},
	month = {Jan-10-2021},
	pages = {125898},
	abstract = {The article discloses the AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) radiocarbon dating results of the historic Big Tree at Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe. The research aimed to determine the age, growth and architecture of this renowned African baobab. The superlative baobab is composed of five main stems, three young stems and one false stem. It exhibits an open ring-shaped structure, an architecture that allows baobabs to reach large sizes and old ages. Several wood samples extracted from four stems were dated by radiocarbon. The oldest sample had a radiocarbon date of 978 {\textpm} 14 BP, corresponding to a calibrated age of 955 {\textpm} 20 calendar years. By this value, the Big Tree at Victoria Falls is 1150 {\textpm} 50 years old. We found that the eight common stems belong to three generations, which are 1000-1100, 600-700 and 200-250 years old, respectively. The false stem is 550 years old. The stems belonging to the oldest generation stopped growing over 100 years ago.},
	keywords = {Adansonia digitata, Age determination, AMS radiocarbon dating, growth stop, multiple stems, tropical trees},
	issn = {11257865},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dendro.2021.125898},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1125786521000941},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Patrut, Roxana T. and Rakosy, Laszlo and RATIU, ILEANA ANDREEA and Lowy, Daniel A. and von Reden, Karl F.}
}
@article {2947,
	title = {BOMB-PRODUCED RADIOCARBON ACROSS THE SOUTH PACIFIC GYRE{\textemdash}A NEW RECORD FROM AMERICAN SAMOA WITH UTILITY FOR FISHERIES SCIENCEABSTRACT},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {63},
	year = {2021},
	month = {Jan-12-2021},
	pages = {1591 - 1605},
	abstract = {Coral skeletal structures can provide a robust record of nuclear bomb produced 14C with valuable insight into air-sea exchange processes and water movement with applications to fisheries science. To expand these records in the South Pacific, a coral core from Tutuila Island, American Samoa was dated with density band counting covering a 59-yr period (1953{\textendash}2012). Seasonal signals in elemental ratios (Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca) and stable carbon (δ13C) values across the coral core corroborated the well-defined annual band structure and highlighted an ocean climate shift from the 1997{\textendash}1998 El Ni{\~n}o. The American Samoa coral 14C measurements were consistent with other regional records but included some notable differences across the South Pacific Gyre (SPG) at Fiji, Rarotonga, and Easter Island that can be attributed to decadal ocean climate cycles, surface residence times and proximity to the South Equatorial Current. An analysis of the post-peak 14C decline associated with each coral record indicated 14C levels are beginning to merge for the SPG. This observation, coupled with otolith measurements from American Samoa, reinforces the perspective that bomb 14C dating can be performed on fishes and other marine organisms of the region using the post-peak 14C decline to properly inform fisheries management in the South Pacific.},
	issn = {0033-8222},
	doi = {10.1017/RDC.2021.51},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0033822221000515},
	author = {Andrews, Allen H and Prouty, Nancy G and Cheriton, Olivia M}
}
@article {2921,
	title = {Climate control on terrestrial biospheric carbon turnover},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	volume = {118},
	year = {2021},
	month = {Nov-02-2022},
	pages = {e2011585118},
	abstract = {Terrestrial vegetation and soils hold three times more carbon than the atmosphere. Much debate concerns how anthropogenic activity will perturb these surface reservoirs, potentially exacerbating ongoing changes to the climate system. Uncertainties specifically persist in extrapolating point-source observations to ecosystem-scale budgets and fluxes, which require consideration of vertical and lateral processes on multiple temporal and spatial scales. To explore controls on organic carbon (OC) turnover at the river basin scale, we present radiocarbon (C-14) ages on two groups of molecular tracers of plant-derived carbon-leaf-wax lipids and lignin phenols-from a globally distributed suite of rivers. We find significant negative relationships between the C-14 age of these biomarkers and mean annual temperature and precipitation. Moreover, riverine biospheric-carbon ages scale proportionally with basin-wide soil carbon turnover times and soil C-14 ages, implicating OC cycling within soils as a primary control on exported biomarker ages and revealing a broad distribution of soil OC reactivities. The ubiquitous occurrence of a long-lived soil OC pool suggests soil OC is globally vulnerable to perturbations by future temperature and precipitation increase. Scaling of riverine biospheric-carbon ages with soil OC turnover shows the former can constrain the sensitivity of carbon dynamics to environmental controls on broad spatial scales. Extracting this information from fluvially dominated sedimentary sequences may inform past variations in soil OC turnover in response to anthropogenic and/or climate perturbations. In turn, monitoring riverine OC composition may help detect future climate-change-induced perturbations of soil OC turnover and stocks.},
	keywords = {Carbon cycle, carbon turnover times, fluvial carbon, plant biomarkers, radiocarbon},
	issn = {0027-8424},
	doi = {10.1073/pnas.2011585118},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349357864_Climate_control_on_terrestrial_biospheric_carbon_turnover},
	author = {Eglinton, Timothy I. and Galy, Valier V. and Hemingway, Jordon D. and Feng, Xiaojuan and Bao, Hongyan and Blattmann, Thomas M. and Dickens, Angela F. and Gies, Hannah and Giosan, Liviu and Haghipour, Negar and Hou, Pengfei and Lupker, Maarten and McIntyre, Cameron P. and Montlu{\c c}on, Daniel B. and Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Bernhard and Ponton, Camilo and Schefu{\ss}, Enno and Schwab, Melissa S. and Voss, Britta M. and Wacker, Lukas and Wu, Ying and Zhao, Meixun}
}
@article {3001,
	title = {CTD profiles and discrete water-column measurements collected off California and Oregon during NOAA cruise SH-18-12 (USGS field activity 2018-663-FA) from October to November 2018 (ver. 3.0, July 2022)},
	year = {2021},
	publisher = {U.S. Geological Survey},
	abstract = {Various water column variables, including salinity, dissolved inorganic nutrients, pH, total alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon, radio-carbon isotopes were measured in samples collected using a Niskin-bottle rosette at selected depths from sites offshore of California and Oregon from October to November 2018 during NOAA cruise SH-18-12 on the R/V Bell M. Shimada (USGS field activity 2018-663-FA). CTD (Conductivity Temperature Depth) data were also collected at each depth that a Niskin-bottle sample was collected and are presented along with the water sample data.

This data release supersedes version 2.0, published in September 2021 at https://doi.org/10.5066/P99DIQZ5. Versioning details are documented in the accompanying VersionHistory_P99MJ096.txt file.},
	keywords = {Earth and related environmental sciences, Geochemistry},
	doi = {10.5066/P99MJ096},
	url = {https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6281d080d34e3bef0c9a3b17},
	author = {Prouty, Nancy G and Baker, Miranda C}
}
@article {bennett_evidence_2021,
	title = {Evidence of humans in North America during the Last Glacial Maximum},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {373},
	number = {6562},
	year = {2021},
	note = {Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science},
	month = {09/2021},
	pages = {1528{\textendash}1531},
	abstract = {Archaeologists and researchers in allied fields have long sought to understand human colonization of North America. Questions remain about when and how people migrated, where they originated, and how their arrival affected the established fauna and landscape. Here, we present evidence from excavated surfaces in White Sands National Park (New Mexico, United States), where multiple in situ human footprints are stratigraphically constrained and bracketed by seed layers that yield calibrated radiocarbon ages between \textasciitilde23 and 21 thousand years ago. These findings confirm the presence of humans in North America during the Last Glacial Maximum, adding evidence to the antiquity of human colonization of the Americas and providing a temporal range extension for the coexistence of early inhabitants and Pleistocene megafauna.},
	doi = {10.1126/science.abg7586},
	url = {https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.abg7586},
	author = {Bennett, Matthew R. and Bustos, David and Pigati, Jeffrey S. and Springer, Kathleen B. and Urban, Thomas M. and Holliday, Vance T. and Reynolds, Sally C. and Budka, Marcin and Honke, Jeffrey S. and Hudson, Adam M. and Fenerty, Brendan and Connelly, Clare and Martinez, Patrick J. and Santucci, Vincent L. and Odess, Daniel}
}
@article {2944,
	title = {A FRAMEWORK FOR TRANSDISCIPLINARY RADIOCARBON RESEARCH: USE OF NATURAL-LEVEL AND ELEVATED-LEVEL -14- C IN ANTARCTIC FIELD RESEARCHABSTRACT},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {63},
	year = {2021},
	month = {Jan-10-2021},
	pages = {1555 - 1568},
	abstract = {Radiocarbon (C-14) is an isotopic tracer used to address a wide range of scientific research questions. However, contamination by elevated levels of C-14 is deleterious to natural-level laboratory workspaces and accelerator mass spectrometer facilities designed to precisely measure small amounts of C-14. The risk of contaminating materials and facilities intended for natural-level C-14 with elevated-level C-14-labeled materials has dictated near complete separation of research groups practicing profoundly different measurements. Such separation can hinder transdisciplinary research initiatives, especially in remote and isolated field locations where both natural-level and elevated-level radiocarbon applications may be useful. This paper outlines the successful collaboration between researchers making natural-level C-14 measurements and researchers using C-14-labeled materials during a subglacial drilling project in West Antarctica (SALSA 2018-2019). Our strict operating protocol allowed us to successfully carry out C-14 labeling experiments within close quarters at our remote field camp without contaminating samples of sediment and water intended for natural level C-14 measurements. Here we present our collaborative protocol for maintaining natural level C-14 cleanliness as a framework for future transdisciplinary radiocarbon collaborations.},
	keywords = {AMS, contamination, LEUCINE, radiocarbon},
	issn = {0033-8222},
	doi = {10.1017/RDC.2021.55},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033822221000552/type/journal_articlehttps://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0033822221000552},
	author = {Venturelli, Ryan A and Vick-Majors, Trista J and Collins, Billy and Gagnon, Alan and Kasic, Kathy and Kurz, Mark D and Li, Wei and Priscu, John and Roberts, Mark and Rosenheim, Brad E}
}
@article {2991,
	title = {Hydrogeologic framework, geochemistry, groundwater-flow system, and aquifer hydraulic properties used in the development of a conceptual model of the Ogallala, Edwards-Trinity (High Plains), and Dockum aquifers in and near Gaines, Terry, and Yoakum Counti},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {85},
	institution = {U.S. Geological Survey},
	address = {Reston, VA},
	abstract = {In 2014, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Llano Estacado Underground Water Conservation District, Sandy Land Underground Water Conservation District, and South Plains Underground Water Conservation District (hereinafter referred to collectively as the {\textquotedblleft}UWCDs{\textquotedblright}), began a multiphase study in and near Gaines, Terry, and Yoakum Counties, Texas, to develop a regional conceptual model of the hydrogeologic framework, geochemistry, groundwater-flow system, and hydraulic properties, primarily for the High Plains and Edwards-Trinity aquifer system and to a lesser degree for the Dockum aquifer. The High Plains aquifer system (hereinafter referred to as the {\textquotedblleft}Ogallala aquifer{\textquotedblright}), contained within the Ogallala Formation in Texas, is the shallowest aquifer in the study area and is the primary source of water for agriculture and municipal supply in the areas managed by the UWCDs. Groundwater withdrawals from deeper aquifers (primarily the Edwards-Trinity [High Plains] aquifer system that is hereinafter referred to as the {\textquotedblleft}Edwards-Trinity [High Plains] aquifer{\textquotedblright}) augmented by lesser amounts from the Dockum aquifer provide additional water sources in the study area. The Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifer is contained within the Trinity and Fredericksburg Groups. The Dockum aquifer, a relatively minor source of water in the study area, is contained in the Dockum Group, which was evaluated as a single unit. The potential for continual declines of the groundwater in the Ogallala aquifer in the study area and the potential changes in water quality resulting from dewatering and increased vertical groundwater movement between adjacent water-bearing units have raised concerns about the amount and quality of available groundwater.

The developed conceptual model helped in the understanding of the quantity and quality of the groundwater within the Ogallala, the Edwards-Trinity (High Plains), and to a lesser extent, the Dockum aquifers within the study area. The hydrogeologic framework was used to assess the vertical and lateral extents of hydrogeologic units, bed orientations, unit thicknesses, and location and orientation of paleochannels. In general, the Trinity and Fredericksburg Groups and Ogallala Formation exhibit a slight regional dip (dip angle of about 0.14 degrees) to the southeast with dip directions becoming more to the south with each successively overlying unit (105, 110, and 125 degrees for the bases of the Trinity and Fredericksburg Groups and Ogallala Formation, respectively). In general, the Trinity and Fredericksburg Groups thin to the south and are not present in the southern part of Gaines County, whereas the Ogallala Formation becomes thinner from west to east. The combined thickness of the Trinity and Fredericksburg Groups and Ogallala Formation is generally greatest in the north-central part of the study area and thinnest in the southeastern part of the study area. Paleochannel orientation varied over geologic time as formations were deposited and eroded.

Water-quality samples were collected from 51 wells throughout the study area to better understand general water quality and to provide insight into groundwater-flow paths and recharge areas. Groundwater samples were spatially grouped on the basis of similarities found in the physicochemical properties, major ions, trace elements, nutrients, organic compounds, and selected stable isotopes and age tracers. Three groundwater groups were identified in the study area. The first groundwater group (Group 1), represented mostly by groundwater from the Ogallala and Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifers in the northern half of the study area, is considered to be recent recharge, affected by land-use activities, as explained by the younger age, higher concentrations of nitrate plus nitrite, and more frequent detections of organic compounds. Groundwater wells in the second groundwater group (Group 2) are typically in the southwestern and northwestern parts of the study area, and the groundwater in this group is considered to be groundwater recharged during the Pleistocene period, as explained by the relatively old age of the groundwater, high strontium stable isotope ratios, and hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope ratios. The last groundwater group (Group 3) is likely a mixture of groundwater from the first or second groups (or both) with a third, highly mineralized groundwater as explained by having the highest dissolved-solids concentrations in the study area and having some similarities to geochemical characteristics of samples from the first and second groups.

A groundwater-flow system analysis was done to understand the flow of groundwater throughout the aquifer system. Groundwater-level altitudes for the Ogallala, Edwards-Trinity (High Plains), and Dockum aquifers are generally higher in the northwestern part of the study area and lower in the southeastern part of the study area. Groundwater generally flows in a northwest to southeast direction across the study area in each of the aquifers. The groundwater-flow paths closely resemble the mapped paleochannels, indicating that within the study area, the groundwater flows preferentially along the paleochannels, especially within the Ogallala aquifer where dewatering of the aquifer results in a greater effect of the base structure on the flow of groundwater.

The Ogallala aquifer is unsaturated in localized areas in the study area; unsaturated areas are generally near the southern extent of the Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifer, with the largest unsaturated area west of Seminole, Tex. The saturated thickness of the Ogallala aquifer is thickest (more than 125 feet) southeast of Seminole and west of Brownfield, Tex., near the border between Terry and Yoakum Counties. The saturated thickness of the combined Ogallala and Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifers ranges from less than 10 feet along the far southern edge of the study area to more than 350 feet north and east of Brownfield, Tex., and along the border between Terry and Yoakum Counties.

The aquifer hydraulic properties, including hydraulic conductivity and specific yield, were estimated to better understand the ability of groundwater to move through the aquifer system and quantify the volume of available water in storage. The hydraulic-conductivity values varied greatly within the study area (ranging from about 0.03 to about 350 feet per day), and often large variations were found in the same area. Terry County contained the highest and lowest hydraulic conductivity values for the Ogallala aquifer, whereas Yoakum County contained the highest and lowest hydraulic conductivity values for the Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifer. The highest hydraulic-conductivity values for the Dockum aquifer were in Gaines County, whereas the lowest hydraulic-conductivity values were in Terry County. The estimated specific yield values within the study area range from 0.01 to 0.36. Higher specific yield values generally occurred in the western part of the study area except in the Ogallala aquifer where higher specific yield values were in the east. The Ogallala aquifer had the lowest specific yield range and the least specific yield variability among the three aquifers, whereas the Dockum aquifer had the highest specific yield range and the greatest specific yield variability.

Using the estimated saturated thickness and estimated specific yield grids, the water volumes of the Ogallala and Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifers and the combined Ogallala and Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifers were estimated. The available water in the Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifer (16.6 million acre-feet) is almost double the available water in the Ogallala aquifer (8.8 million acre-feet). Although the Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifer contains more available groundwater, pumping is more difficult because of the relatively low hydraulic conductivity and specific yield values compared to the Ogallala aquifer. Overall, the available water within the combined Ogallala and Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifers is about 6.6, 10.2, and 8.6 million acre-feet for Gaines, Terry, and Yoakum Counties, respectively.},
	isbn = {2021-5009},
	doi = {10.3133/sir20215009},
	url = {http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/sir20215009},
	author = {Teeple, Andrew P. and Ging, Patricia B. and Thomas, Jonathan V. and Wallace, David S. and Payne, Jason D.}
}
@article {2929,
	title = {A maximum rupture model for the central and southern Cascadia subduction zone{\textemdash}reassessing ages for coastal evidence of megathrust earthquakes and tsunamis},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {261},
	year = {2021},
	month = {Jan-06-2021},
	pages = {106922},
	abstract = {A new history of great earthquakes (and their tsunamis) for the central and southern Cascadia subduction zone shows more frequent (17 in the past 6700 yr) megathrust ruptures than previous coastal chronologies. The history is based on along-strike correlations of Bayesian age models derived from evaluation of 554 radiocarbon ages that date earthquake evidence at 14 coastal sites. We reconstruct a history that accounts for all dated stratigraphic evidence with the fewest possible ruptures by evaluating the sequence of age models for earthquake or tsunami contacts at each site, comparing the degree of temporal overlap of correlated site age models, considering evidence for closely spaced earthquakes at four sites, and hypothesizing only maximum-length megathrust ruptures. For the past 6700 yr, recurrence for all earthquakes is 370e420 yr. But correlations suggest that ruptures at-1.5 ka and-1.1 ka were of limited extent (<400 km). If so, post-3-ka recurrence for ruptures extending throughout central and southern Cascadia is 510e540 yr. But the range in the times between earthquakes is large: two instances may be-50 yr, whereas the longest are-550 and-850 yr. The closely spaced ruptures about 1.6 ka may illustrate a pattern common at subduction zones of a long gap ending with a great earthquake rupturing much of the subduction zone, shortly followed by a rupture of more limited extent. The ruptures of limited extent support the continued inclusion of magnitude-8 earthquakes, with longer ruptures near magnitude 9, in assessments of seismic hazard in the region. },
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106922},
	url = {https://apps.webofknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&Func=Frame\&DestFail=http\%3A\%2F\%2Fwww.webofknowledge.com\&SrcApp=search\&SrcAuth=Alerting\&SID=6DMZZppDlBSzMpeHDG2\&customersID=Alerting\&mode=FullRecord\&IsProductCode=Yes\&AlertId=4d48b20a-7d27-4fa2-},
	author = {Nelson, Alan R. and DuRoss, Christopher B. and Witter, Robert C. and Kelsey, Harvey M. and Engelhart, Simon E. and Mahan, Shannon A. and Gray, Harrison J. and Hawkes, Andrea D. and Horton, Benjamin P. and Padgett, Jason S.}
}
@article {2936,
	title = {Planktic foraminiferal changes in the western Mediterranean Anthropocene},
	journal = {Global and Planetary Change},
	volume = {204},
	year = {2021},
	month = {Jan-09-2021},
	pages = {103549},
	issn = {09218181},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gloplacha.2021.103549},
	url = {https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000687257000005?AlertId=ab9062f8-b111-4f95-a2b8-66e7afac0471\&SID=7DFRqn1B6A3SRDPNEE8},
	author = {Pallacks, Sven and Ziveri, Patrizia and Martrat, Bel{\'e}n and Mortyn, P. Graham and Grelaud, Michael and Schiebel, Ralf and Incarbona, Alessandro and Garcia-Orellana, Jordi and Anglada-Ortiz, Griselda}
}
@article {2939,
	title = {Revisiting the marine reservoir age in Baja California continental margin sediments using 14C and 210Pb dating},
	journal = {Quaternary Geochronology},
	volume = {66},
	year = {2021},
	month = {Jan-10-2021},
	pages = {101178},
	abstract = {Knowledge of the Marine Reservoir Effect (MRE) correction is fundamental in palaeoceanographic research to establish an accurate age-depth model for marine sedimentary records. However, during the last decades different MRE corrections have been applied in inconsistent ways for the same locality and same sediment cores, at Soledad Basin, Baja California, Mexico, creating confusion about the proper correction value of the marine reservoir effect (Delta R) to be applied. In contrast with the empirical approach previously used for assessing the Delta R value in Soledad Basin, in this study we applied an analytical approach based on the concurrent application of AMS-14C and 210Pbxs dating techniques made on sedimentary total organic carbon and foraminifera to determine new regional Delta R values from newly collected sediment cores from this site. Our results from Soledad Basin show a Delta R of 206 +/- 32 years for foraminifera and 706 +/- 42 years for organic carbon. Modeled ages using these results, and compared with those previously applied for the basin, highlight the relevance of the correct use of the local reservoir age as it can generate an offset of approximately 150 years if the other published Delta R were used. These differences can shift core chronologies by several decades and thus yield significant errors in palaeoceanographic reconstructions, which will be important to remedy in future work.},
	issn = {18711014},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quageo.2021.101178},
	url = {https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000696783400003?AlertId=4d48b20a-7d27-4fa2-a6a8-37f0daa89864\&SID=6CdHvzZQLddFkxmd4Jp},
	author = {Treinen-Crespo, Christina and Barbara, Lo{\"\i}c and Villaescusa, Julio A. and Schmidt, Sabine and Pearson, Ann and Carriquiry, Jos{\'e} D.}
}
@article {denton_zealandia_2021,
	title = {The Zealandia Switch: Ice age climate shifts viewed from Southern Hemisphere moraines},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {257},
	year = {2021},
	month = {04/2021},
	pages = {106771},
	abstract = {Two fundamental questions about the ice-age climate system await satisfactory resolution. First, if summer solar radiation intensity truly controls the orbital signature of the last glacial cycle, then why were major climatic shifts, including the last termination, globally synchronous? Second, what caused the millennial-scale climate oscillations superimposed on this cycle? We address these questions from a Southern Hemisphere perspective focused on mid-latitude mountain ice fields. We put particular emphasis on the last glacial termination, which involved both orbital-scale and millennial-scale climate elements and has generally well-resolved chronological control. Sustained retreat of mountain glaciers, documented by detailed mapping and chronology of glacial landforms in the Southern Alps and southern Andes, marked the termination of the last ice age, beginning \~{}18 kyrs ago and involved a change from glacial to near-interglacial atmospheric temperature within a millennium or two. A rapid poleward shift of the Subtropical Front, delineating the northern margin of the Southern Ocean, \~{}18 kyrs ago implies a concurrent poleward shift of the austral westerlies and leads us to hypothesize a southern origin for the dominant phase of the last glacial termination. Together with interhemispheric paleoclimate records and with results of coupled ocean-atmosphere climate modeling, these findings suggest a big, fast, and global end to the last ice age in which a southern-sourced warming episode linked the hemispheres. We posit that a shift in the Southern Ocean circulation and austral westerly wind system, tied to southern orbital forcing, caused this global warming episode by affecting the tropical heat engine and hence global climate. Central to this hypothesis, dubbed the {\textquoteleft}Zealandia Switch{\textquoteright}, is the location of the Australia and Zealandia continents relative to Southern Hemisphere oceanic and atmospheric circulation. Coupled ocean-atmosphere climate modeling shows that the locus of the austral westerlies, whether in a more equatorward position representing a glacial-mode climate or in a poleward-shifted position marking interglacial-mode climate, has profound effects on oceanic and associated atmospheric linkages between the tropical Pacific and the Southern Ocean. Shifts in the austral westerlies have global climatic consequences, especially through resulting changes in the greenhouse gas content of the atmosphere and altered heat flux from the tropical Pacific into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. We suggest that the last glacial termination was a global warming episode that led to extreme seasonality in northern latitudes by stimulating a flush of meltwater and icebergs into the North Atlantic from adjoining ice sheets. This fresh-water influx resulted in widespread North Atlantic sea ice that caused very cold boreal winters, thus amplifying the annual southward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and the monsoonal rain belts. We further suggest that muted manifestations of the Zealandia Switch mechanism were responsible for smaller, recurring millennial-scale climate oscillations within the last glacial cycle.},
	keywords = {Climate dynamics, Climate modeling, Cosmogenic isotopes, Geomorphology, Glacial, Glaciation, paleoclimatology, Quaternary, South Pacific Ocean, Southern Hemisphere westerlies, Southern Ocean},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106771},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379120307332},
	author = {Denton, George H. and Putnam, Aaron E. and Russell, Joellen L. and Barrell, David J. A. and Schaefer, Joerg M. and Kaplan, Michael R. and Strand, Peter D.}
}
@article {2683,
	title = {Age validation of yellowfin (Thunnus albacares) and bigeye (Thunnus obesus) tuna of the northwestern Atlantic Ocean},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences},
	volume = {77},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-04-2020},
	pages = {637 - 643},
	abstract = {The age and growth of yellowfin (Thunnus albacares) and bigeye (T. obesus) tuna remain problematic because validation of growth zone deposition (opaque and transparent) hasn{\textquoteright}t been properly evaluated. Otolith growth structure (zone clarity) can be poorly defined for tropical tunas but the use of bomb radiocarbon dating has validated age estimates to 16{\textendash}18 years for yellowfin and bigeye tuna. Use of the radiocarbon decline period {\textemdash} defined by regional coral and otoliths {\textemdash} provided valid ages through ontogeny. Yellowfin tuna aged 2{\textendash}18 years (n = 34, 1029{\textendash}1810 mm FL) and bigeye tuna aged 3{\textendash}17 years (n = 12, 1280{\textendash}1750 mm FL) led to birthyears that were coincident with the bomb radiocarbon decline. The results indicate there was no age reading bias for yellowfin tuna and that age estimates of previous studies were likely underestimated for both species.},
	issn = {0706-652X},
	doi = {10.1139/cjfas-2019-0328},
	url = {https://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/full/10.1139/cjfas-2019-0328},
	author = {Andrews, Allen H. and Pacicco, Ashley and Allman, Robert and Falterman, Brett J. and Lang, Erik T. and Golet, Walter}
}
@article {2919,
	title = {Aquifer-Scale Observations of Iron Redox Transformations in Arsenic-Impacted Environments to Predict Future Contamination},
	journal = {Environmental Science \& Technology Letters},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Aug-12-2020},
	pages = {916 - 922},
	abstract = {Iron oxides control the mobility of a host of contaminants in aquifer systems, and the microbial reduction of iron oxides in the subsurface is linked to high levels of arsenic in groundwater that affects greater than 150 million people globally. Paired observations of groundwater and solid-phase aquifer composition are critical to understand spatial and temporal trends in contamination and effectively manage changing water resources, yet field-representative mineralogical data are sparse across redox gradients relevant to arsenic contamination. We characterize iron mineralogy using X-ray absorption spectroscopy across a natural gradient of groundwater arsenic contamination in Vietnam. Hierarchical cluster analysis classifies sediments into meaningful groups delineating weathering and redox changes, diagnostic of depositional history, in this first direct characterization of redox transformations in the field. Notably, these groupings reveal a signature of iron minerals undergoing active reduction before the onset of arsenic contamination in groundwater. Pleistocene sediments undergoing postdepositional reduction may be more extensive than previously recognized due to previous misclassification. By upscaling to similar environments in South and Southeast Asia via multinomial logistic regression modeling, we show that active iron reduction, and therefore susceptibility to future arsenic contamination, is more widely distributed in presumably pristine aquifers than anticipated.},
	keywords = {BANGLADESH, BENGAL BASIN, groundwater, PLEISTOCENE AQUIFER, POLLUTION, RELEASE, RIVER DELTA, Sediment, TRANSPORT, VIETNAM},
	issn = {2328-8930},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.estlett.0c0067210.1021/acs.estlett.0c00672.s00110.1021/acs.estlett.0c00672.s00210.1021/acs.estlett.0c00672.s00310.1021/acs.estlett.0c00672.s004},
	url = {https://apps.webofknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&Func=Frame\&DestFail=http\%3A\%2F\%2Fwww.webofknowledge.com\&SrcApp=search\&SrcAuth=Alerting\&SID=8AkJOJLKFU3j5nkGaRI\&customersID=Alerting\&mode=FullRecord\&IsProductCode=Yes\&AlertId=4d48b20a-7d27-4fa2-},
	author = {Nghiem, Athena A. and Shen, Yating and Stahl, Mason and Sun, Jing and Haque, Ezazul and DeYoung, Beck and Nguyen, Khue N. and Thi Mai, Tran and Trang, Pham Thi Kim and Pham, Hung Viet and Mailloux, Brian and Harvey, Charles F. and van Geen, Alexander and Bostick, Benjam{\'\i}n C.}
}
@article {2675,
	title = {Biomass-Derived Provenance Dominates Glacial Surface Organic Carbon in the Western HimalayaBiomass-Derived Provenance Dominates Glacial Surface Organic Carbon in the Western Himalaya},
	journal = {Environmental Science \& Technology},
	volume = {54},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Sep-07-2021},
	pages = {8612 - 8621},
	abstract = {The origin, transport pathway, and spatial variability of total organic carbon (OC) in the western Himalayan glaciers are poorly understood compared to those of black carbon (BC) and dust, but it is critically important to evaluate the climatic role of OC in the region. By applying the distribution of OC activation energy; C-14 activity; and radiogenic isotopes of Pb-208/Pb-204, (207)pb/(204)pb and (206)pb/Pb-204 in glacial debris and atmospheric particulate matter (PM10 size fraction), we demonstrate that 98.3 +/- 1.6 and 1.7 +/- 1.6\% of OC in western Himalayan glaciers are derived from biomass and petrogenic sources, respectively. The (delta C-13 and N/C composition indicates that the biomass is a complex mixture of C3 vegetation and autochthonous photoautotrophic input modified by heterotrophic microbial activity. The data set reveals that the studied western Himalayan glacier has negligible contributions from fossil-fuel- derived particles, which contrasts to the central and eastern Himalayan glaciers that have significant contributions from fossil fuel sources. We show that this spatial variability of OC sources relates to regional differences in air mass transport pathways and precipitation regimes over the Himalaya. Moreover, our observation suggests that biomass-derived carbon could be the only primary driver of carbon-induced glacier melting in the western Himalaya.},
	keywords = {; MASS BALANCES, AEROSOLS, ALBEDO REDUCTION, ATMOSPHERIC LEAD, BLACK CARBON, DUST TRANSPOR, isotopic composition, PB, SNOW ALBEDO, TIBETAN PLATEAU},
	issn = {0013-936X},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.est.0c0271010.1021/acs.est.0c02710.s001},
	url = {https://apps.webofknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&Func=Frame\&DestFail=http\%3A\%2F\%2Fwww.webofknowledge.com\&SrcApp=search\&SrcAuth=Alerting\&SID=8Aqj2WiW4A71bymjSli\&customersID=Alerting\&mode=FullRecord\&IsProductCode=Yes\&AlertId=ab9062f8-b111-4f95-},
	author = {Nizam, Sarwar and Sen, Indra S. and Vinoj, Velu and Galy, Valier and Selby, David and Azam, Mohammad F. and Pandey, Satyendra K. and Creaser, Robert A. and Agarwal, Avinash K. and Singh, Akhilendra P. and Bizimis, Michael}
}
@inbook {2998,
	title = {Chapter 30 - Radiocarbon dating of tsunami and storm deposits},
	booktitle = {Geological Records of Tsunamis and Other Extreme Waves},
	year = {2020},
	month = {2020/01/01/},
	pages = {663 - 685},
	publisher = {Elsevier},
	organization = {Elsevier},
	abstract = {Radiocarbon age determinations can be an expedient and accurate means to assign age to deposits of tsunami or storm origin. Essential to the process of incorporating radiocarbon age determinations in tsunami or coastal storm investigations is an awareness on the part of the investigator that a sample will always return an age from a laboratory, but only carefully selected samples inform deposit age. Samples that inform deposit age are of two fundamentally different sample types, in-growth-position samples and detrital samples. For both in-growth-position samples and detrital samples, stratigraphic context is the critical information needed to evaluate how well sample age can constrain deposit age. Well constrained deposit ages require bracketing samples collected to provide both maximum and minimum limiting ages for the deposit(s) of interest. Therefore, sampling should be carried out with the intention of multiple sample submissions for age in order to optimize the potential for acquiring closely limiting ages. If there are multiple age determinations within a stratigraphic sequence that contains tsunami or storm deposits, then the calibrated radiocarbon ages can be, and should be, framed within a Bayesian model structure to better constrain deposit ages. Such models can be further improved by the incorporation of independent stratigraphic age information.},
	keywords = {Dating coastal storm deposits, Dating tsunami deposits, Modeling approaches for dating tsunami deposits, Radiocarbon dating, Sampling tsunami deposits, Tsunami Deposits, Tsunami sand},
	isbn = {978-0-12-815686-5},
	doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-815686-5.00030-4},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128156865000304},
	author = {Kelsey, Harvey M. and Witter, Robert C.},
	editor = {Engel, Max and Pilarczyk, Jessica and May, Simon Matthias and Brill, Dominik and Garrett, Ed}
}
@article {2787,
	title = {Efficient preservation of young terrestrial organic carbon in sandy turbidity-current depositsAbstract},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {48},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-09-2020},
	pages = {882 - 887},
	abstract = {Burial of terrestrial biospheric particulate organic carbon in marine sediments removes CO2 from the atmosphere, regulating climate over geologic time scales. Rivers deliver terrestrial organic carbon to the sea, while turbidity currents transport river sediment further offshore. Previous studies have suggested that most organic carbon resides in muddy marine sediment. However, turbidity currents can carry a significant component of coarser sediment, which is commonly assumed to be organic carbon poor. Here, using data from a Canadian fjord, we show that young woody debris can be rapidly buried in sandy layers of turbidity current deposits (turbidites). These layers have organic carbon contents 10{\texttimes} higher than the overlying mud layer, and overall, woody debris makes up >70\% of the organic carbon preserved in the deposits. Burial of woody debris in sands overlain by mud caps reduces their exposure to oxygen, increasing organic carbon burial efficiency. Sandy turbidity current channels are common in fjords and the deep sea; hence we suggest that previous global organic carbon burial budgets may have been underestimated.},
	issn = {0091-7613},
	doi = {10.1130/G47320.1},
	url = {https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article/48/9/882/586768/Efficient-preservation-of-young-terrestrial},
	author = {Hage, S. and Galy, V.V. and Cartigny, M.J.B. and Acikalin, S. and Clare, M.A. and Gr{\"o}cke, D.R. and Hilton, R.G. and Hunt, J.E. and Lintern, D.G. and McGhee, C.A. and Parsons, D.R. and Stacey, C.D. and Sumner, E.J. and Talling, P.J.}
}
@article {2762,
	title = {Holocene Rupture History of the Central Teton Fault at Leigh Lake, Grand Teton National Park, WyomingABSTRACT},
	journal = {Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America},
	volume = {110},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-02-2020},
	pages = {67 - 82},
	abstract = {Prominent scarps on Pinedale glacial surfaces along the eastern base of the Teton Range confirm latest Pleistocene to Holocene surface-faulting earthquakes on the Teton fault, but the timing of these events is only broadly constrained by a single previous paleoseismic study. We excavated two trenches at the Leigh Lake site near the center of the Teton fault to address open questions about earthquake timing and rupture length. Structural and stratigraphic evidence indicates two surface-faulting earthquakes at the site that postdate deglacial sediments dated by radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence to \~{}10{\textendash}11  ka⁠. Earthquake LL2 occurred at \~{}10.0  ka (9.7{\textendash}10.4 ka; 95\% confidence range) and LL1 at \~{}5.9  ka (4.8{\textendash}7.1 ka; 95\%). LL2 predates an earthquake at \~{}8  ka identified in the previous paleoseismic investigation at Granite Canyon. LL1 corresponds to the most recent Granite Canyon earthquake at \~{}4.7{\textendash}7.9  ka (95\% confidence range). Our results are consistent with the previously documented long-elapsed time since the most recent Teton fault rupture and expand the fault{\textquoteright}s earthquake history into the early Holocen},
	issn = {0037-1106},
	doi = {10.1785/0120190129},
	url = {https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/bssa/article/110/1/67/575484/Holocene-Rupture-History-of-the-Central-Teton},
	author = {Zellman, Mark S. and DuRoss, Christopher B. and Thackray, Glenn D. and Personius, Stephen F. and Reitman, Nadine G. and Mahan, Shannon A. and Brossy, Cooper C.}
}
@article {2917,
	title = {Inferring Life History Characteristics of the Oceanic Whitetip Shark Carcharhinus longimanus From Vertebral Bomb Radiocarbon},
	journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Dec-11-2020},
	abstract = {Oceanic whitetip sharks Carcharhinus longimanus are a cosmopolitan epipelagic species that was once prolific throughout the tropics and subtropics but was recently listed as Critically Endangered by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and as Threatened under the United States Endangered Species Act. Although historically conspicuous in oceanic fisheries catches, relatively little is known about their habitat use, movement, and life history during migration. Given the paucity of data on migratory patterns and lack of age estimate validation available for this species, we evaluated vertebral growth bands for bomb radiocarbon (C-14) patterns to derive additional information on these metrics. Individual growth bands (n = 62) were milled from vertebrae of eight individuals caught in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean. Age estimates based on vertebral growth bands ranged 1-13 years, with capture dates spanning 1978-2004. Plots of vertebral Delta C-14 relative to regional coral, shark, and fish otolith reference curves suggest age estimates based on presumed annual growth bands were accurate, although specimens were not old enough to capture the most informative portion of the bomb radiocarbon reference period. The magnitude of Delta C-14 varied among individuals, and individual chronologies demonstrated semi-cyclic patterns of Delta C-14 depletion and subsequent enrichment, which may be indicative of changes to diet as a function of annual migratory patterns and is supported by recently published telemetry, diet, and stable isotope studies. Although these data are preliminary in nature, they provide some evidence that Delta C-14 patterns in vertebrae can serve as a multi-purpose tool for life history studies of oceanic sharks.},
	keywords = {Age validation, Carbon-14, diet, family Carcharhinidae, migration, Vertebrae},
	doi = {10.3389/fmars.2020.581775},
	url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2020.581775/fullhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2020.581775/full},
	author = {Passerotti, Michelle S. and Andrews, Allen H. and Natanson, Lisa J.}
}
@booklet {2943,
	title = {Inferring life history characteristics of the oceanic whitetip shark Carcharhinus longimanus from vertebral bomb radiocarbon [Poster]},
	year = {2020},
	doi = {10.1575/1912/27806},
	url = {https://hdl.handle.net/1912/27806},
	author = {Passerotti, Michelle S. and Andrews, Allen H. and Natanson, Lisa J.}
}
@article {2690,
	title = {Late glacial and Holocene paleoenvironments in the midcontinent United States, inferred from Geneva Lake leaf wax, ostracode valve, and bulk sediment chemistry},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {241},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-08-2020},
	pages = {106384},
	abstract = {Geneva Lake in Wisconsin, USA, is > 20,000 years old and contains a 30-m thick lacustrine sediment record of mid-continent North American climate and environmental change. Here we describe a sediment record from Geneva Lake spanning the past 14,500 years. From scanning X-ray fluorescence, organic C and N concentrations and isotopes, X-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, and grain size of bulk sediments, we infer changes in sediment sources over time including: abrupt decline in inputs of remobilized loess \~{}13,400 cal yr BP followed by a gradual transition to organic-rich marl deposition by \~{}10,400 cal yr BP as the landscape stabilized following a period of permafrost thaw and vegetation development; deposition of a minerogenic unit at \~{}8,200 cal yr BP that may record enhanced eolian activity during the widespread {\textquotedblleft}8.2 ka event; {\textquotedblright} and elevated zinc, lead, and arsenic from human activities following regional industrialization. Within the Holocene marl, we also use isotopic (δ18O and δ13C) and trace metal ratio (Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca) analyses of ostracode valves paired with concentrations and hydrogen isotopic composition (δ2H) of leaf wax n-alkanes to infer climate and hydrological change. Groundwater had a large but declining influence on lake water chemistry from 11,800 to 9,700 cal yr BP, precluding inferences of regional climate from our lacustrine proxies during this period. δ2H values of terrestrial n-C29 alkanes show little variability from 9,700 to present, indicating the average isotopic composition of local precipitation was relatively stable, reflecting stable condensation temperatures and source. In contrast, a gradual trend towards more δ18O- and δ2H-depleted lake water and lower lake water Sr/Ca from 9700 cal yr BP to present suggest decreasing evaporation of lake water and increasing precipitation amounts throughout the Holocene and resulting shorter lake water residence times. Lake water Mg/Ca variations over the past 9,700 years broadly parallel regional pollen-based reconstructions of summer temperatures. Neither Mg/Ca nor terrestrial leaf wax δ2H suggest long-term directional shifts in temperature at this site through the middle to late Holocene, as climate became wetter. It appears that precipitation isotopes did not track local temperatures on millennial timescales in this part of mid-continent North America through the Holocene, and instead may have covaried with changes in Northern Hemisphere latitudinal temperature gradients driven by large Arctic temperature changes.},
	keywords = {Holocene, Inorganic geochemistry, Loess, North America, Organic geochemistry, paleoclimatology, paleolimnology, Pleistocene, sedimentology, Stable isotopes},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106384},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379120303462},
	author = {Puleo, Peter J.K. and Axford, Yarrow and McFarlin, Jamie M. and Curry, B. Brandon and Barklage, Mitchell and Osburn, Magdalena R.}
}
@article {2760,
	title = {A late Holocene subfossil Atlantic white cedar tree-ring chronology from the northeastern United States},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {228},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-01-2020},
	pages = {106104},
	abstract = {Tree-rings provide precise annually dated climate information, but their application can be limited by the relatively short lifespan of many trees. To overcome this limitation, tree-ring records can be extended over longer time periods by connecting living trees with older {\textquotedblleft}sub-fossil{\textquotedblright} trees, which can provide information on longer timescales throughout the Holocene. These long chronologies are proxy records of past climate, provide precise chronological information for extreme events, and give insight into the range of natural climate variability prior to the instrumental period. In the densely populated northeastern United States, few tree-ring records are longer than 500 years, and there are no millennial-length tree-ring chronologies for the region. Here, we use a combination of standard dendrochronological and radiocarbon techniques, including use of the 774 CE radiocarbon excursion, to generate an absolutely dated 2500 year-long tree ring record from living, archaeological, and subfossil Atlantic white cedar (Chamaecyparis thyoides) found in the coastal northeastern United States. Our chronology demonstrates the potential to develop multi-millennial Chamaecyparis thyoides tree-ring records to address previously unanswered questions regarding late Holocene hydroclimate, extreme events, and temperature variability in New England.},
	keywords = {coastal, Geomorphology, Holocene, North America, paleoclimatology, radiogenic isotopes, Tree-rings},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.106104},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379119308108},
	author = {Pearl, Jessie K. and Anchukaitis, Kevin J. and Donnelly, Jeffrey P. and Pearson, Charlotte and Pederson, Neil and Lardie Gaylord, Mary C. and McNichol, Ann P. and Cook, Edward R. and Zimmermann, George L.}
}
@article {2670,
	title = {Life history of northern Gulf of Mexico Warsaw grouper Hyporthodus nigritus inferred from otolith radiocarbon analysis},
	journal = {PLOS ONE},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Dec-01-2021},
	pages = {e0228254},
	abstract = {Warsaw grouper, Hyporthodus nigritus, is a western Atlantic Ocean species typically found at depths between 55 and 525 m. It is listed as a species of concern by the U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service and as near threatened by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. However, little information exists on the species{\textquoteright} life history in the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM) and its stock status in that region is currently unknown. Age of nGOM Warsaw grouper was investigated via opaque zone counts in otolith thin sections (max age = 61 y), and then the bomb 14C chronometer was employed to validate the accuracy of age estimates. Otolith cores (n = 14) were analyzed with accelerator mass spectrometry and resulting Δ14C values overlain on a loess regression computed for a regional coral and known-age red snapper Δ14C time series. Residual analysis between predicted Δ14C values from the loess regression versus Warsaw grouper otolith core Δ14C values indicated no significant difference in the two data series. Therefore, the accuracy of otolith-based aging was validated, which enabled growth and longevity estimates to be made for nGOM Warsaw grouper. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) Δ14C values collected from the nGOM support the inference that juvenile Warsaw grouper occur in shelf waters (<200 m) since DIC Δ14C values in this depth range are enriched in 14C and similar to the Δ14C values from otolith cores. A Bayesian model was fit to fishery-dependent age composition data and produced von Bertalanffy growth function parameters of L1 = 1,533 mm, k = 0.14 y-1, and t0 = 1.82 y. Fishing mortality also was estimated in the model, which resulted in a ratio of fishing to natural mortality of 5.1:1. Overall, study results indicate Warsaw grouper is a long-lived species that is estimated to have experienced significant overfishing in the nGOM, with the age of most landed fish being <10 y.},
	doi = { https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228254},
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0228254},
	author = {Barnett, Beverly K. and Chanton, Jeffrey P. and Ahrens, Robert and Thornton, Laura and Patterson, William F.},
	editor = {Patterson, Heather M.}
}
@article {2835,
	title = {Multiproxy evidence of the Neoglacial expansion of Atlantic Water to eastern Svalbard},
	journal = {Climate of the Past},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-01-2020},
	pages = {487 - 501},
	abstract = {The main goal of this study is to reconstruct the paleoceanographic development of Storfjorden during the Neoglacial (\~{}4 cal ka BP). Storfjorden is one of the most important brine factories in the European Arctic and is responsible for deepwater production. Moreover, it is a climate-sensitive area influenced by two contrasting water masses: warm and saline Atlantic Water (AW) and cold and fresh Arctic Water (ArW). Herein, a multiproxy approach was applied to provide evidence for existing interactions between the inflow of AW and sea ice coverage, which are the major drivers of environmental changes in Storfjorden. The sedimentary and microfossil records indicate that a major reorganization of oceanographic conditions in Storfjorden occurred at \~{}2.7 cal ka BP. The cold conditions and the less pronounced presence of AW in Storfjorden during the early phase of the Neoglacial were the prerequisite conditions for the formation of extensive sea ice cover. The period after \~{}2.7 cal ka BP was characterized by alternating short-term cooling and warming intervals. Warming was associated with pulsed inflows of AW and sea ice melting that stimulated phytoplankton blooms and organic matter supply to the bottom. The cold phases were characterized by heavy and densely packed sea ice, resulting in decreased productivity. The ancient environmental DNA (aDNA) records of foraminifera and diatoms support the occurrence of the major pulses of AW (\~{}2.3 and \~{}1.7 cal ka BP) and the variations in sea ice cover. The episodes of enhanced AW inflow were marked by an increase in the percentage of DNA sequences of monothalamous foraminifera associated with the presence of fresh phytodetritus. Cold and less productive intervals were marked by an increased proportion of monothalamous taxa known only from environmental sequencing. The diatom aDNA record indicates that primary production was continuous during the Neoglacial, regardless of the sea ice conditions. However, the colder periods were characterized by the presence of diatom taxa associated with sea ice, whereas the present-day diatom assemblage is dominated by open-water taxa.},
	doi = {10.5194/cp-16-487-2020},
	url = {https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/16/487/2020/},
	author = {Paw{\l}owska, Joanna and {\L}{\k a}cka, Magdalena and Kucharska, Ma{\l}gorzata and Pawlowski, Jan and Zaj{\k a}czkowski, Marek}
}
@article {2832,
	title = {Permafrost Hydrology Drives the Assimilation of Old Carbon by Stream Food Webs in the Arctic},
	journal = {Ecosystems},
	volume = {23},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-03-2020},
	pages = {435 - 453},
	abstract = {Permafrost thaw in the Arctic is mobilizing old carbon (C) from soils to aquatic ecosystems and the atmosphere. Little is known, however, about the assimilation of old C by aquatic food webs in Arctic watersheds. Here, we used C isotopes (δ13C, Δ14C) to quantify C assimilation by biota across 12 streams in arctic Alaska. Streams spanned watersheds with varying permafrost hydrology, from ice-poor bedrock to ice-rich loess (that is, yedoma). We measured isotopic content of (1) C sources including dissolved organic C (DOC), dissolved inorganic C (DIC), and soil C, and (2) stream biota, including benthic biofilm and macroinvertebrates, and resident fish species (Arctic Grayling (Thymallus arcticus) and Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma)). Findings document the assimilation of old C by stream biota, with depleted Δ14C values observed at multiple trophic levels, including benthic biofilm (14C ages = 5255 to 265 years before present (y BP)), macroinvertebrates (4490 y BP to modern), and fish (3195 y BP to modern). Mixing model results indicate that DOC and DIC contribute to benthic biofilm composition, with relative contributions differing across streams draining ice-poor and ice-rich terrain. DOC originates primarily from old terrestrial C sources, including deep peat horizons (39{\textendash}47\%; 530 y BP) and near-surface permafrost (12{\textendash}19\%; 5490 y BP). DOC also accounts for approximately half of fish isotopic composition. Analyses suggest that as the contribution of old C to fish increases, fish growth and nutritional status decline. We anticipate increases in old DOC delivery to streams under projected warming, which may further alter food web function in Arctic watersheds.},
	issn = {1432-9840},
	doi = {10.1007/s10021-019-00413-6},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007\%2Fs10021-019-00413-6},
	author = {O{\textquoteright}Donnell, Jonathan A. and Carey, Michael P. and Koch, Joshua C. and Xu, Xiaomei and Poulin, Brett A. and Walker, Jennifer and Zimmerman, Christian E.}
}
@article {3002,
	title = {Radiocarbon dating of deep-sea black corals collected off the southeastern United States},
	year = {2020},
	publisher = {U.S. Geological Survey},
	abstract = {Results of radiocarbon dating of deep-sea (500 m to 700 m) black corals are presented. These corals were collected off the southeastern United States as part of the Southeastern United States Deep-Sea Corals (SEADESC) Initiative.},
	keywords = {Ecology, Geochemistry, marine geology},
	doi = {10.5066/P9PQ3Z5V},
	url = {https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5f36d30982cee144fb3874bc},
	author = {Prouty, Nancy G and Schiff, John and Roark, E. Brendan}
}
@article {2893,
	title = {Response of shallow-sea benthic foraminifera to environmental changes off the coast of Goa, eastern Arabian Sea, during the last \~{}6100 cal yr BPAbstract},
	journal = {Geological Magazine},
	volume = {157},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-03-2020},
	pages = {497 - 505},
	abstract = {We have analysed a 6100-year record of benthic and planktonic foraminifera from inner neritic sediments from Core SK291/GC13, off the Goa coast, eastern Arabian Sea, to understand the response of benthic foraminifera to shallow-marine processes. The benthic foraminiferal assemblage is dominated by Nonion cf. asterizans, Ammonia beccarii, A. gaimardii and Virgulinella fragilis, which have been selected on the basis of a population of 10\% or more in any three samples analysed. The planktonic foraminiferal population is sporadic and rare, with Globigerinoides ruber as the predominant species showing a variable trend. The foraminiferal proxies combined with total organic carbon (wt\%) and δ13C and δ18O values of Ammonia gaimardii suggest distinct variations, indicating changes in productivity and salinity in the shallow eastern Arabian Sea. The coastal waters off Goa were relatively warmer and less saline between 6100 and 4600, or perhaps to 4200, calibrated years before the present (cal yr BP), corresponding to a stronger monsoon in South and East Asia. The shallow sea was cooler from ~4200 to 2600 cal yr BP in the study area, coinciding with a lower sea surface temperature in the northeastern Arabian Sea and an arid phase in the Indian subcontinent. From 2900 to 2600 cal yr BP the study core exhibits the impacts of short-term cold events, which have earlier been observed in the northeastern Arabian Sea, off Pakistan. During the Little Ice Age, the shallow sea off Goa was less productive.},
	keywords = {arabian sea, benthic foraminifera, Indian monsoon, Stable isotopes, western continental margin of India},
	issn = {0016-7568},
	doi = {10.1017/S0016756819000979},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0016756819000979/type/journal_article},
	author = {Saravanan, Ponnusamy and Gupta, Anil K. and Zheng, Hongbo and Panigrahi, Mruganka K. and Tiwari, Sameer K. and Rai, Santosh K. and Prakasam, Muthusamy}
}
@booklet {hurwitz_silicified_2020,
	title = {Silicified wood from around Old Faithful Geyser, Yellowstone National Park: U.S. Geological Survey data release},
	year = {2020},
	note = {Type: dataset},
	publisher = {U.S. Geological Survey},
	abstract = {Radiocarbon dating of silicified wood was performed at the U.S. Geological Survey{\textquoteright}s Radiocarbon Laboratory in Denver, Colorado. All samples were chemically treated using the standard acid-base-acid (ABA) procedure before being combusted online in the presence of excess high-purity oxygen. Water and other contaminant gases were removed using cryogenic separation techniques, and the resulting purified CO2 gas was measured manometrically and converted to graphite using an iron catalyst and hydrogen reduction (Vogel et al., 1984). Graphite targets were then submitted for accelerator mass spectrometry 14C analysis at the National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry facility in Woods Hole, Massachusetts.

All 14C ages were calibrated using the IntCal13 dataset and CALIB 7.1html (Stuiver and Reimer, 1993; Reimer et al., 2013). Calibrated age ranges are presented in calibrated years before present (BP; 0 yr BP = 1950 A.D.), and uncertainties are given at the 95\% (2sigma) confidence level.

Select sub-samples of silicified wood were excised with a stainless-steel razor blade and massed into 4 x 6 mm tin capsules (Costech Analytical, Inc, USA). Stable carbon isotope (δ13C) analysis was conducted by continuous flow-isotope ratio mass spectrometry at the U.S. Geological Survey{\textquoteright}s Stable Isotope Laboratory in Denver, Colorado using a Carlo Erba NC1500 interfaced to a Micromass Optima mass spectrometer.  Isotopic data are reported in per mil notation after normalization to VPDB with USGS 40 (δ13C = -26.39 {\textperthousand}) and USGS 41A (δ13C = 36.55 {\textperthousand}).

This research was conducted under Yellowstone Research Permit YELL-SCI-8030.},
	doi = {10.5066/P9LEQ5HC},
	url = {https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/get/5eb9b5ba82ce25b5135d2718},
	author = {Hurwitz, Shaul and Peek, Sara E and Pigati, Jeff and Honke, Jeff and Damby, David E and Stricker, Craig A and King, John}
}
@article {2669,
	title = {The southern Gulf of Mexico: A baseline radiocarbon isoscape of surface sediments and isotopic excursions at depth},
	journal = {PLOS ONE},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Mar-04-2021},
	pages = {e0231678},
	abstract = {The southern Gulf of Mexico (sGoM) is home to an extensive oil recovery and development infrastructure. In addition, the basin harbors sites of submarine hydrocarbon seepage and receives terrestrial inputs from bordering rivers. We used stable carbon, nitrogen, and radiocarbon analyses of bulk sediment organic matter to define the current baseline isoscapes of surface sediments in the sGoM and determined which factors might influence them. These baseline surface isoscapes will be useful for accessing future environmental impacts. We also examined the region for influence of hydrocarbon deposition in the sedimentary record that might be associated with hydrocarbon recovery, spillage and seepage, as was found in the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGoM) following the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill in 2010. In 1979, the sGoM experienced a major oil spill, Ixtoc 1. Surface sediment δ13C values ranged from -22.4{\textperthousand} to -19.9{\textperthousand}, while Δ14C values ranged from -337.1{\textperthousand} to -69.2{\textperthousand}.
Sediment δ15N values ranged from 2.8{\textperthousand} to 7.2{\textperthousand}, while the \%C on a carbonate-free basis ranged in value of 0.65\% to 3.89\% and \%N ranged in value of 0.09\% to 0.49\%. Spatial trends for δ13C and Δ14C were driven by water depth and distance from the coastline, while spatial trends for δ15N were driven by location (latitude and longitude). Location and distance from the coastline were significantly correlated with \%C and \%N. At depth in two of twenty (10\%) core profiles, we found negative δ13C and Δ14C excursions from baseline values in bulk sedimentary organic material, consistent with either oil-residue deposition or terrestrial inputs, but likely the latter. We then used 210Pb dating on those two profiles to determine the time in which the excursion-containing horizons were deposited. Despite the large spill in 1979, no evidence of hydrocarbon residue remained in the sediments from this specific time period.},
	keywords = {Gulf of Mexico, hydrocarbons, Oil spills, Oils, Petroleum, Sediment},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.023167810.1371},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32294128},
	author = {Bosman, Samantha H. and Schwing, Patrick T. and Larson, Rebekka A. and Wildermann, Natalie E. and Brooks, Gregg R. and Romero, Isabel C. and Sanchez-Cabeza, Joan-Albert and Ruiz-Fern{\'a}ndez, Ana Carolina and Machain-Castillo, Maria Luisa and Gracia, Adolfo and Escobar-Briones, Elva and Murawski, Steven A. and Hollander, David J. and Chanton, Jeffrey P.},
	editor = {Potter-McIntyre, Sally}
}
@article {2673,
	title = {Two-Phase Synthesis of Taxol},
	journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
	volume = {142},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Oct-06-2020},
	pages = {10526 - 10533},
	abstract = {Taxol (a brand name for paclitaxel) is widely regarded as among the most famed natural isolates ever discovered, and has been the subject of innumerable studies in both basic and applied science. Its documented success as an anticancer agent, coupled with early concerns over supply, stimulated a furious worldwide effort from chemists to provide a solution for its preparation through total synthesis. Those pioneering studies proved the feasibility of retrosynthetically guided access to synthetic Taxol, albeit in minute quantities and with enormous effort. In practice, all medicinal chemistry efforts and eventual commercialization have relied upon natural (plant material) or biosynthetically derived (synthetic biology) supplies. Here we show how a complementary divergent synthetic approach that is holistically patterned off of biosynthetic machinery for terpene synthesis can be used to arrive at Taxol.},
	keywords = {1ST TOTAL-SYNTHESIS, ANALOGS, chemistry, DIMETHYLDIOXIRANE, ENANTIOSELECTIVE TOTAL-SYNTHESIS, FORMAL TOTAL-SYNTHESIS, PINENE PATH, RING, STEREOCONTROLLED SYNTHESIS, TAXANES},
	issn = {0002-7863},
	doi = {10.1021/jacs.0c0359210.1021/jacs.0c03592.s00110.1021/jacs.0c03592.s002},
	url = {https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.0c03592},
	author = {Kanda, Yuzuru and Nakamura, Hugh and Umemiya, Shigenobu and Puthukanoori, Ravi Kumar and Murthy Appala, Venkata Ramana and Gaddamanugu, Gopi Krishna and Paraselli, Bheema Rao and Baran, Phil S.}
}
@article {hurwitz_yellowstones_2020,
	title = {Yellowstone{\textquoteright}s Old Faithful Geyser Shut Down by a Severe Thirteenth Century Drought},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {47},
	number = {20},
	year = {2020},
	note = {_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2020GL089871},
	month = {10/2020},
	pages = {e2020GL089871},
	abstract = {To characterize eruption activity of the iconic Old Faithful Geyser in Yellowstone National Park over past centuries, we obtained 41 new radiocarbon dates of mineralized wood preserved in the mound of silica that precipitated from erupted waters. Trees do not grow on active geyser mounds, implying that trees grew on the Old Faithful Geyser mound during a protracted period of eruption quiescence. Rooted stumps and root crowns located on higher parts of the mound are evidence that at the time of tree growth, the geyser mound closely resembled its current appearance. The range of calibrated radiocarbon dates (1233{\textendash}1362 CE) is coincident with a series of severe multidecadal regional droughts toward the end of the Medieval Climate Anomaly, prior to the onset of the Little Ice Age. Climate models project increasingly severe droughts by mid-21st century, suggesting that geyser eruptions could become less frequent or completely cease.},
	keywords = {drought, Medieval Climate Anomaly, mineralization, Old Faithful Geyser, radiocarbon, Yellowstone},
	issn = {1944-8007},
	doi = {10.1029/2020GL089871},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2020GL089871},
	author = {Hurwitz, Shaul and King, John C. and Pederson, Gregory T. and Martin, Justin T. and Damby, David E. and Manga, Michael and Hungerford, Jefferson D. G. and Peek, Sara}
}
@article {2884,
	title = {Age, Growth and Death of a National Icon: The Historic Chapman Baobab of Botswana},
	journal = {Forests},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-11-2019},
	pages = {983},
	abstract = {The year 2016 witnessed the fall of a symbol of the botanical world: the historic Chapman baobab of Botswana. This article presents the results of our investigation of the standing and fallen tree. The Chapman baobab had an open ring-shaped structure composed of six partially fused stems. Several wood samples collected from the stems prior and after their collapse were analysed by using radiocarbon dating. The radiocarbon date of the oldest sample was 1381 {\textpm} 22 BP, which corresponds to a calibrated age of 1345 (+10, -15) calendar years. The dating results show that the six stems of the Chapman baobab belonged to three different generations, which were 1350{\textendash}1400, 800{\textendash}1000 and 500{\textendash}600 years old. The growth rate variation of the largest and oldest stem is presented and correlated with the climate evolution in the area over the past 1000 years. The factors that determined the sudden fall and death of the Chapman baobab are also presented and discussed.},
	doi = {10.3390/f10110983},
	url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/10/11/983},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Woodborne, Stephan and Patrut, Roxana T. and Hall, Grant and Rakosy, Laszlo and Winterbach, Christiaan and von Reden, Karl F.}
}
@article {2876,
	title = {Bomb Radiocarbon Age Validation of Warsaw Grouper and Snowy Grouper},
	journal = {Fisheries},
	volume = {44},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Aug-11-2020},
	pages = {524 - 533},
	abstract = {Current stock assessments for both the Warsaw Grouper Hyporthodus nigritus and the Snowy Grouper H. niveatus are based on age-structured population models determined using traditional otolith-based aging techniques. However, recent studies using bomb radiocarbon validation have shown that many deepwater fishes live much longer than previously estimated when relying on conventional age determination methods. In this study, we conducted bomb radiocarbon age validations of Warsaw Grouper and Snowy Grouper from the Gulf of Mexico. Radiocarbon age validation supported annual growth increment formation for all Warsaw Grouper size classes and medium-sized Snowy Grouper. Conversely, ages of larger, older Snowy Grouper were greatly underestimated due to difficulty in discriminating annuli. This bomb radiocarbon analysis validates a minimum 56-year longevity for both Warsaw Grouper and Snowy Grouper, increasing the currently published longevities of 41 and 54 years, respectively.},
	issn = {0363-2415},
	doi = {10.1002/fsh.v44.1110.1002/fsh.10291},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/15488446/44/11},
	author = {Sanchez, Phillip J. and Pinsky, Jeffrey P. and Rooker, Jay R.}
}
@article { ISI:000478786500021,
	title = {CO2-dependent carbon isotope fractionation in Archaea, Part II: The marine water column},
	journal = {GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA},
	volume = {261},
	year = {2019},
	month = {SEP 15},
	pages = {383-395},
	abstract = {Stable carbon isotope ratios of archaeal glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) lipids have been proposed as a proxy to infer past changes in the carbon isotope composition (delta C-13) of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). The premise for paleo-delta C-13(DIC) reconstructions from GDGTs is based on observations of relatively constant delta C-13(GDGT) values in recent depositional environments. Marine Thaumarchaeota, thought to be the dominant source of GDGTs to marine sediments, fix inorganic carbon using the 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate (3HP/4HB) pathway, which is specific to HCO3- as the substrate. Bicarbonate-dependent autotrophy has been the basis for predicting that the stable carbon isotopic composition of GDGTs (delta C-13(GDGT)) should vary in parallel with water column delta C-13(DIC) values, because HCO3- is by far the dominant fraction of DIC in modern seawater. However, this relationship has never been systematically tested. Here we examine the carbon isotopic composition of GDGTs from four water column profiles in the Southwest and Equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Values of delta C-13(GDGT) increase with depth in the water column, in contrast to the characteristic decrease in delta C-13(DIC) values. These divergent trends imply a decrease in the observed total biosynthetic isotope effect (epsilon(Ar)) with depth, i.e., the offset between delta(13)(DIC) and delta C-13(GDGT) is not constant. Instead, we find that values of epsilon(Ar) specifically correlate with oceanographic variables associated with extent of organic remineralization, decreasing as CO2 concentration increases. This observed relationship is consistent in both magnitude and direction with the results of an isotope flux-balance model for Thaumarchaeota that suggests epsilon(Ar) should be sensitive to growth rate (mu) and CO2 availability under conditions of atmospheric pCO(2) < 4 times the pre-anthropogenic Holocene level. Further tests of the sensitivity of epsilon(Ar) to u and CO2 in the modern marine environment will be essential to exploring the potential for a new, archaeal lipid-derived pCO(2) paleobarometer. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2019.06.043},
	author = {Hurley, Sarah J. and Close, Hilary G. and Elling, Felix J. and Jasper, Claire E. and Gospodinova, Kalina and McNichol, Ann P. and Pearson, Ann}
}
@article {2868,
	title = {Coral Skeleton δ15N as a Tracer of Historic Nutrient Loading to a Coral Reef in Maui, Hawaii},
	journal = {Scientific Reports},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-12-2019},
	abstract = {Excess nutrient loading to nearshore environments has been linked to declining water quality and ecosystem health. Macro-algal blooms, eutrophication, and reduction in coral cover have been observed in West Maui, Hawaii, and linked to nutrient inputs from coastal submarine groundwater seeps. Here, we present a forty-year record of nitrogen isotopes (δ15N) of intra-crystalline coral skeletal organic matter in three coral cores collected at this site and evaluate the record in terms of changes in nitrogen sources. Our results show a dramatic increase in coral δ15N values after 1995, corresponding with the implementation of biological nutrient removal at the nearby Lahaina Wastewater Reclamation Facility (LWRF). High δ15N values are known to be strongly indicative of denitrification and sewage effluent, corroborating a previously suggested link between local wastewater injection and degradation of the reef environment. This record demonstrates the power of coral skeletal δ15N as a tool for evaluating nutrient dynamics within coral reef environments.},
	doi = {10.1038/s41598-019-42013-3},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-42013-3},
	author = {Murray, Joseph and Prouty, Nancy G. and Peek, Sara and Paytan, Adina}
}
@article {2853,
	title = {Discovery of an Extensive Deep-Sea Fossil Serpulid Reef Associated With a Cold Seep, Santa Monica Basin, CaliforniaTable_1.docx},
	journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jul-03-2020},
	abstract = {Multibeam bathymetric mapping of the Santa Monica Basin in the eastern Pacific has revealed the existence of a number of elevated bathymetric features, or mounds, harboring cold seep communities. During 2013{\textendash}2014, mounds at \~{}600 m water depth were observed for the first time and sampled by Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute{\textquoteright}s ROV Doc Ricketts. Active cold seeps were found, but surprisingly one of these mounds was characterized by massive deposits composed of fossil serpulid worm tubes (Annelida: Serpulidae) exhibiting various states of mineralization by authigenic carbonate. No living serpulids with equivalent tube morphologies were found at the site; hence the mound was termed {\textquotedblleft}Fossil Hill.{\textquotedblright} In the present study, the identity of the fossil serpulids and associated fossil community, the ages of fossils and authigenic carbonates, the formation of the fossil serpulid aggregation, and the geological structure of the mound are explored. Results indicate that the tubes were most likely made by a deep-sea serpulid lineage, with radiocarbon dating suggesting that they have a very recent origin during the Late Pleistocene, specifically to the Last Glacial Maximum \~{}20,000 years ago. Additional U-Th analyses of authigenic carbonates mostly corroborate the radiocarbon dates, and also indicate that seepage was occurring while the tubes were being formed. We also document similar, older deposits along the approximate trajectory of the San Pedro Basin Fault. We suggest that the serpulid tube facies formed in situ, and that the vast aggregation of these tubes at Fossil Hill is likely due to a combination of optimal physical environmental conditions and chemosynthetic production, which may have been particularly intense as a result of sea-level lowstand during the Last Glacial Maximum.},
	doi = {10.3389/fmars.2019.00115},
	url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2019.00115/full},
	author = {Georgieva, Magdalena N. and Paull, Charles K. and Little, Crispin T. S. and McGann, Mary and Sahy, Diana and Condon, Daniel and Lundsten, Lonny and Pewsey, Jack and Caress, David W. and Vrijenhoek, Robert C.}
}
@article {2905,
	title = {Evaluating the Radiocarbon Reservoir Effect in Lake Kutubu, Papua New GuineaABSTRACT},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {61},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-02-2019},
	pages = {287 - 308},
	abstract = {Conceptual models predict a tight coupling between the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and the Southern Westerly Winds (SWW) in response to glacial-interglacial transitions, yet little is known about this relationship under Holocene boundary conditions. Here we present a synthesis of Holocene pollen data from the southwest Pacific mid-latitudes that tracks changes in the SWW. Comparison of our SWW paleoclimate records with data tracking the ITCZ, oceanic circulation, and insolation reveals clearly synchronous and in-phase ITCZ-SWW dynamics between 12 and 5 ka, indicating a tight coupling between the tropics and southern mid-latitudes in response to ocean circulation and insolation. An apparent decoupling of the SWW and ITCZ in the Pacific region after 5 ka is attributable to the overriding influence of the El Ni{\~n}o{\textendash}Southern Oscillation (ENSO) over the proxy data.},
	issn = {0033-8222},
	doi = {10.1017/RDC.2018.49},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033822218000498/type/journal_article},
	author = {Schneider, Larissa and Pain, Colin F and Haberle, Simon and Blong, Russell and Alloway, Brent V and Fallon, Stewart J and Hope, Geoff and Zawadzki, Atun and Heijnis, Henk}
}
@inbook {2906,
	title = {History and Mystery of Age and Growth Studies in Elasmobranchs: Common Methods and Room for Improvement},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {178-194},
	abstract = {Age determination is a fundamental field of study that is of critical importance to management and conservation of a species. Determining population demographics can only be accomplished with the input of age data; yet, despite years of age determination efforts, it continues to be one of the most challenging and nuanced aspects of life history investigation in elasmobranchs. A variety of methods have been used to determine ages in elasmobranchs, some successful and some not. New techniques to obtain accurate and precise ages are being developed, and it is important to recognize the value of both old and new methodologies.},
	isbn = {9781315317106},
	author = {Andrews, Allen and Natanson, Lisa and Wintner, Sabine and Passerotti, Michelle}
}
@article {2691,
	title = {Holocene and Last Interglacial climate of the Faroe Islands from sedimentary plant wax hydrogen and carbon isotopes},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {223},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-11-2019},
	pages = {105930},
	abstract = {The Last Interglacial period (LIG) is Earth{\textquoteright}s most recent globally warm period and is analogous in some ways to projected future global warming. However, questions remain regarding the state of the climate during the LIG in the North Atlantic, a region that is extremely sensitive to changes in oceanic and atmospheric circulation. Here, we present hydrogen and carbon isotope (δD and δ13C) records from a suite of plant wax biomarkers preserved in Holocene and LIG lacustrine sediments from the North Atlantic Faroe Islands and interpret them as qualitative proxies for temperature and hydroclimate variability. These data are used to directly compare LIG and Holocene climate using the same proxy approaches from the same terrestrial location. Measuring multiple isotopes on multiple types of waxes elucidates the sources of homologous plant waxes. We deduce that the δD values of long-chain n-alkanes (C27{\textendash}C33) and mid-chain n-alkanes (C23{\textendash}C25) in these sedimentary archives reflect leaf water and lake water δD values, respectively, while the δD values for both long-chain (C28{\textendash}C30) and mid-chain n-alkanoic acids (C24{\textendash}C26) primarily represent lake water δD values. Plant wax-inferred δD values of precipitation during the early Holocene (10,100 to 8,200  cal  yr BP) are \~{}35{\textperthousand} more positive than late Holocene values, and decline over the Holocene. δD-inferred hydrologic change and δ13C -inferred plant water use efficiency both indicate that the Faroe Islands became drier throughout the Holocene. Comparison with measurements from LIG plant waxes indicates that late LIG in the Faroe Islands was hydrologically similar to the early-to mid-Holocene (8,200 to 4,000  cal  yr BP), with enriched precipitation isotopes and reduced evapotranspiration indicating a warmer, wetter environment.},
	keywords = {Holocene, interglacial, North Atlantic, Organic geochemistry, paleoclimatology, Stable isotopes},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.105930},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379119304251},
	author = {Curtin, Lorelei and D{\textquoteright}Andrea, William J. and Balascio, Nicholas and Pugsley, Genevieve and de Wet, Gregory and Bradley, Raymond}
}
@article {2710,
	title = {Holocene glacier fluctuations on the northern flank of Cordillera Darwin, southernmost South America},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {222},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-10-2019},
	pages = {105904},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.105904},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379119303890},
	author = {Hall, B.L. and Lowell, T.V. and Bromley, G.R.M. and Denton, G.H. and Putnam, A.E.}
}
@article {2744,
	title = {Holocene sea-level variability from Chesapeake Bay Tidal Marshes, USA},
	journal = {The Holocene},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Dec-11-2020},
	pages = {1679 - 1693},
	abstract = {We reconstructed the last 10,000 years of Holocene relative sea-level rise (RSLR) from sediment core records near Chesapeake Bay, eastern United States, including new marsh records from the Potomac and Rappahannock Rivers, Virginia. Results show mean RSLR rates of 2.6 mm yr-1 from 10 to 8 kilo-annum (ka) due to combined final ice-sheet melting during deglaciation and glacio-isostatic adjustment (GIA subsidence). Mean RSLR rates from ~6 ka to present were 1.4 mm yr-1 due mainly to GIA, consistent with other East Coast marsh records and geophysical models. However, a progressively slower mean rate (<1.0 mm yr-1) characterized the last 1000 years when a multi-century-long period of tidal marsh development occurred during the {\textquoteleft}Medieval Climate Anomaly{\textquoteright} (MCA) and {\textquoteleft}Little Ice Age{\textquoteright} (LIA) in the Chesapeake Bay region and other East Coast marshes. This decrease was most likely due to climatic and glaciological processes and, correcting for GIA, represents a fall in global mean sea level (GMSL) near the end of Holocene Neoglacial cooling. These pre-historical climate- and GIA-driven Chesapeake Bay sea-level changes contrast sharply with those based on Chesapeake Bay tide-gauge rates (3.1{\textendash}4.5 mm yr-1) (back to 1903). After subtracting the GIA subsidence component, these rates can be attributed to long-term (millennial) global factors of accelerated ocean thermal expansion (~1.0 mm yr-1) and mass loss from alpine glaciers and Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets (1.5{\textendash}2.0 mm yr-1).},
	keywords = {chesapeake bay, Foraminifera, Holocene, sea level, tidal marsh, US East Coast},
	issn = {0959-6836},
	doi = {10.1177/0959683619862028},
	url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0959683619862028},
	author = {Cronin, Thomas M and Clevenger, Megan K and Tibert, Neil E and Prescott, Tammy and Toomey, Michael and Hubeny, J Bradford and Abbott, Mark B and Seidenstein, Julia and Whitworth, Hannah and Fisher, Sam and Wondolowski, Nick and Ruefer, Anna}
}
@article { ISI:000474318200011,
	title = {Holocene temperature history of northwest Greenland - With new ice cap constraints and chironomid assemblages from Deltaso},
	journal = {QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS},
	volume = {215},
	year = {2019},
	month = {JUL 1},
	pages = {160-172},
	abstract = {Arctic temperature shifts drive changes in carbon cycling, sea ice extent and Greenland Ice Sheet mass balance, all of which have global ramifications. Paleoclimate data from past warm periods provide a unique means for assessing the sensitivity of these systems to warming climate, but the magnitude and timing of past temperature changes in many parts of the Arctic are poorly known. Here we assess orbital scale Holocene temperature change in northwest Greenland near the margin of the ice sheet using subfossil insect assemblages from lake Deltaso. Based upon sedimentation history in this currently proglacial lake, we also place constraints on Holocene extents of the adjacent North Ice Cap, a large independent ice cap. Reconstructed summer temperatures were warmer than present at the onset of lacustrine sedimentation following regional deglaciation by the Greenland Ice Sheet, sometime between 10.8 and 10.1 ka BP. Deltaso experienced the warmest summer temperatures of the Holocene between similar to 10 and 6.2 ka BP, followed by progressive cooling that continued through the late Holocene as summer insolation declined, culminating in the lowest temperatures during the pre-industrial last millennium. Deltaso chironomids indicate peak early Holocene summer temperatures at least 2.5-3 degrees C warmer than modern and at least 3.5-4 degrees C warmer than the pre-industrial last millennium. We infer based upon lake sediment organic and biogenic content that in response to declining temperatures, North Ice Cap reached its present-day size similar to 1850 AD, having been smaller than present through most of the preceding Holocene. Our synthesis of paleoclimate evidence from northwest Greenland, Ellesmere Island and northern Baffin Bay supports the timing of temperature trends inferred at Deltaso, and suggests that quantitative temperature reconstructions from Deltas(?) may represent a minimum bound on regional early Holocene warming. Collectively, records from the region indicate >4 degrees C summer cooling through the Holocene. Intense early Holocene warmth around northwest Greenland argues against delayed onset of warmer than -present conditions due to the influence of the nearby waning Laurentide Ice Sheet, and has implications for understanding the Greenland Ice Sheet{\textquoteright}s sensitivity to climate change. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.05.011},
	author = {Axford, Y. and Lasher, G. E. and Kelly, M. A. and Osterberg, E. C. and Landis, J. and Schellinger, G. C. and Pfeiffer, A. and Thompson, E. and Francis, D. R.}
}
@article {2863,
	title = {Holocene Vegetation, Climate, and Carbon History on Western Kodiak Island, Alaska},
	journal = {Frontiers in Earth Science},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Sep-04-2019},
	abstract = {At Phalarope Pond, western Kodiak Island, a multidisciplinary study using pollen and spores, macrofossils, stable isotopes, and carbon accumulation provides the Holocene vegetation and climate history following the deglaciation that began over 16,000 cal years ago (yr BP). Following a cold and dry Younger Dryas, a warm and wet early Holocene was characterized by abundant ferns in a sedge tundra environment with maximum carbon accumulation, similar to high latitude peatlands globally. About 8,700 cal yr BP sedge and ferns declined and climate remained warm as drier conditions prevailed, limiting carbon sequestration. The abrupt shift in D/H isotopes of about 60\% indicates a shift to cooler conditions or a more distal moisture source. Neoglaciation beginning about 3,700 cal yr BP is evident from increases in Artemisia, Empetrum and Betula, signifying cooler conditions, while Alnus declines, paralleling regional trends.},
	doi = {10.3389/feart.2019.00061},
	url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/feart.2019.00061/full},
	author = {Peteet, Dorothy M. and Nichols, Jonathan E. and Mann, Daniel H.}
}
@article {2664,
	title = {Illuminating microbial species-specific effects on organic matter remineralization in marine sediments},
	journal = {Environmental Microbiology},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Oct-12-2019},
	issn = {1462-2912},
	doi = {10.1111/1462-2920.14871},
	url = {https://apps.webofknowledge.com/InboundService.do?product=WOS\&Func=Frame\&DestFail=http\%3A\%2F\%2Fwww.webofknowledge.com\&SrcApp=search\&SrcAuth=Alerting\&SID=7Bytr67Z6qAbafBcvVL\&customersID=Alerting\&mode=FullRecord\&IsProductCode=Yes\&AlertId=ab9062f8-b111-4f95-},
	author = {Mahmoudi, Nagissa and Enke, Tim N. and Beaupr{\'e}, Steven R. and Teske, Andreas P. and Cordero, Otto X. and Pearson, Ann}
}
@article {2892,
	title = {Late Holocene long arid phase in the Indian subcontinent as seen in shallow sediments of the eastern Arabian Sea},
	journal = {Journal of Asian Earth Sciences},
	volume = {181},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-09-2019},
	pages = {103915},
	abstract = {Multi-proxy record of benthic and planktic foraminifera, total organic carbon and carbon and oxygen isotope ratios from Core SK291/GC15, off the coast of Goa, eastern Arabian Sea reveals significant paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic turnovers during ~6000 to 1700 calibrated years before the Present (cal yr BP). Benthic foraminiferal census data was analyzed with multivariate techniques including factor and cluster analyses of highest ranked species from the studied core that enabled to identify seven biofacies. The record suggests centennial to millennial-scale changes in the surface conditions driven by monsoon-linked upwelling in the eastern Arabian Sea during the studied interval. Various benthic biofacies combined with isotope and planktic foraminiferal data suggest that depletion of dissolved oxygen and increase in organic productivity in the study area was caused by intense monsoonal upwelling since the middle Holocene. The results suggest that during 5400{\textendash}4700 and 3000{\textendash}2500 cal yr BP the southwest (SW) monsoon was strong leading to intense upwelling in the study area as reflected by increased Globigerina bulloides percentages. These were generally warmer intervals in the northern hemisphere. The SW monsoon significantly weakened (abrupt decrease in G. bulloides population) during 4700{\textendash}3400 cal yr BP roughly coinciding with a long arid phase in the Indian subcontinent and a cold interval in Europe. Our record suggests an abrupt increase in SW monsoon intensity during ~3000 to 2500 cal yr BP, when a pronounced change in benthic biofacies is also noted that suggests a major shift in the sub-surface conditions. Our data document a prolong weak SW monsoon phase beginning at ~4600 cal yr BP, little earlier than 4.2 ka event, in the eastern Arabian Sea.},
	issn = {13679120},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jseaes.2019.103915},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1367912019302676},
	author = {Saravanan, Ponnusamy and Gupta, Anil K. and Zheng, Hongbo and Panigrahi, Mruganka K. and Prakasam, Muthusamy}
}
@book {2719,
	title = {Mapping Isotopic and Dissolved Organic Matter Baselines in Waters and Sediments of the~Gulf of Mexico},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {160 - 181},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	address = {Cham},
	abstract = {The Deepwater Horizon oil spill released petroleum hydrocarbons that were depleted in δ13C and Δ14C at depth into the Gulf of Mexico. Stable-carbon and radiocarbon isotopic values and high-resolution mass spectrometry were used to follow the distributions of this petroleum and to track its transformation into petrocarbon, a term used to describe crude oil or transformed crude oil following biodegradation, weathering, oxygenation, or loss of lighter components. The term petrocarbon includes oil- or methane-derived carbon assimilated or incorporated into microbial biomass or into the food web as well as degraded and undegraded petroleum constituents. Here we report (1) the increase in the relative abundance of oxygen-containing carbon compounds making up the dissolved organic matter (DOM) with increasing depth through the water column, indicating the biodegradation of DOM as it was transported to depth in the water column, (2) the finding of 14C depletion in DOM indicating petrocarbon inputs, and (3) the decrease and subsequent increase of 14C in the isotopic composition of sinking particles indicating the capture of petrocarbon in sediment traps. In addition, we discuss the 14C depletion of this material once it is sedimented to the seafloor and the implications for oil spill budgets of seafloor petrocarbon deposition.},
	keywords = {Dissolved organic matter, FTICR-MS, Gulf baselines, High-resolution mass spectrometry, organic carbon, radiocarbon, Ramped pyrolysis, Sediment organic matter},
	isbn = {978-3-030-12962-0},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-12963-710.1007/978-3-030-12963-7_10},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-12963-7_10},
	author = {Chanton, Jeffrey P. and Jaggi, Aprami and Radovi{\'c}, Jago{\v s} R. and Rosenheim, Brad E. and Walker, Brett D. and Larter, Stephen R. and Rogers, Kelsey and Bosman, Samantha and Oldenburg, Thomas B. P.},
	editor = {Murawski, Steven A. and Ainsworth, Cameron H. and Gilbert, Sherryl and Hollander, David J. and Paris, Claire B. and Schl{\"u}ter, Michael and Wetzel, Dana L.}
}
@article {2701,
	title = {Pacific climate influences on ocean conditions and extreme shell growth events in the Northwestern Atlantic (Gulf of Maine)},
	journal = {Climate Dynamics},
	volume = {52},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-06-2019},
	pages = {6339 - 6356},
	abstract = {The Gulf of Maine is undergoing rapid environmental and ecological changes, yet our spatial and temporal understanding of the climatic and hydrographic variability in this region, including extreme events, is limited and biased to recent decades. In this study, we utilize a highly replicated, multi-century master shell growth chronology derived from the annual increments formed in the shells of the long-lived bivalve Arctica islandica collected in 38 m from the central coastal region in the Gulf of Maine. Our results indicate that shell growth is highly synchronous and inversely related to local seawater temperatures. Using composite analyses of extreme shell growth events from CE 1900 to 2013, we extend our understanding of the factors driving oceanic variability and shell growth in the Northwestern Atlantic back to CE 1761. We suggest that extreme shell growth events are primarily controlled by Gulf of Maine sea surface temperature (SST) and stratification conditions, which in turn appear to be largely influenced by SST patterns in the Pacific Ocean through their influence on mid-latitude atmospheric circulation patterns and the location of the eddy-driven jet. The large-scale jet dynamics during these extreme years manifest as precipitation and moisture transport anomalies and regional SST conditions in the Gulf of Maine that either enhance or inhibit shell growth. Pacific climate variability is thus an important, yet understudied, influence on Gulf of Maine ocean conditions.},
	issn = {0930-7575},
	doi = {10.1007/s00382-018-4513-8},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00382-018-4513-8},
	author = {Wanamaker, Alan D. and Griffin, Shelly M. and Ummenhofer, Caroline C. and Whitney, Nina M. and Black, Bryan and Parfitt, Rhys and Lower-Spies, Erin E. and Introne, Douglas and Kreutz, Karl J.}
}
@article {2680,
	title = {Reconstructing reef fish communities using fish otoliths in coral reef sediments},
	journal = {PLOS ONE},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Feb-06-2020},
	pages = {e0218413},
	abstract = {Little is known about long-term changes in coral reef fish communities. Here we present a new technique that leverages fish otoliths in reef sediments to reconstruct coral reef fish communities. We found over 5,400 otoliths in 169 modern and mid-Holocene bulk samples from Caribbean Panama and Dominican Republic mid-Holocene and modern reefs, demonstrating otoliths are abundant in reef sediments. With a specially-built reference collection, we were able to assign over 4,400 otoliths to one of 56 taxa (35 families) though mostly at genus and family level. Many otoliths were from juvenile fishes for which identification is challenging. Richness (by rarefaction) of otolith assemblages was slightly higher in modern than mid-Holocene reefs, but further analyses are required to elucidate the underlying causes. We compared the living fish communities, sampled using icthyocide, with the sediment otolith assemblages on four reefs finding the otolith assemblages faithfully capture the general composition of the living fish communities. Radiocarbon dating performed directly on the otoliths suggests that relatively little mixing of sediment layers particularly on actively accreting branching coral reefs. All otolith assemblages were strongly dominated by small, fast-turnover fish taxa and juvenile individuals, and our exploration on taxonomy, functional ecology and taphonomy lead us to the conclusion that intense predation is likely the most important process for otolith accumulation in reef sediments. We conclude that otolith assemblages in modern and fossil reef sediments can provide a powerful tool to explore ecological changes in reef fish communities over time and space.},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0218413},
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0218413},
	author = {Lin, Chien-Hsiang and De Gracia, Brigida and Pierotti, Michele E. R. and Andrews, Allen H. and Griswold, Katie and O{\textquoteright}Dea, Aaron},
	editor = {Zapalski, Miko{\l}aj K.}
}
@article {2757,
	title = {Significance of Perylene for Source Allocation of Terrigenous Organic Matter in Aquatic SedimentsSignificance of Perylene for Source Allocation of Terrigenous Organic Matter in Aquatic Sediments},
	journal = {Environmental Science \& Technology},
	volume = {53},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Apr-07-2020},
	pages = {8244 - 8251},
	abstract = {Perylene is a frequently abundant, and sometimes the only polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in aquatic sediments, but its origin has been subject of a longstanding debate in geochemical research and pollutant forensics because its historical record differs markedly from typical anthropogenic PAHs. Here we investigate whether perylene serves as a source-specific molecular marker of fungal activity in forest soils. We use a well-characterized sedimentary record (1735-1999) from the anoxic-bottom waters of the Pettaquamscutt River basin, RI to examine mass accumulation rates and isotope records of perylene, and compare them with total organic carbon and the anthropogenic PAH fluoranthene. We support our arguments with radiocarbon (14C) data of higher plant leaf-wax n-alkanoic acids. Isotope-mass balance-calculations of perylene and n-alkanoic acids indicate that \~{}40\% of sedimentary organic matter is of terrestrial origin. Further, both terrestrial markers are pre-aged on millennial time-scales prior to burial in sediments and are insensitive to elevated 14C concentrations following nuclear weapons testing in the mid-20th Century. Instead, changes coincide with enhanced erosional flux during urban sprawl. These findings suggest that perylene is definitely a product of soil-derived fungi, and a powerful chemical tracer to study the spatial and temporal connectivity between terrestrial and aquatic environments. },
	issn = {0013-936X},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.est.9b0234410.1021/acs.est.9b02344.s001},
	url = {https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.9b02344},
	author = {Hanke, Ulrich M. and Lima-Braun, Ana L. and Eglinton, Timothy I. and Donnelly, Jeffrey P. and Galy, Valier and Poussart, Pascale and Hughen, Konrad and McNichol, Ann P. and Xu, Li and Reddy, Christopher M.}
}
@article {2640,
	title = {Sinking particle flux and composition at three sites of different annual sea ice cover in the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica},
	journal = {Journal of Marine Systems},
	volume = {192},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-04-2019},
	pages = {42 - 50},
	abstract = {This study examines the sinking particle flux and composition of samples collected at three sites in the western Amundsen Sea, Antarctica: a perennial sea-ice-covered area, the central region of the Amundsen Sea polynya, and close to the Dotson Ice Shelf within the polynya. Time series sediment traps were deployed for one year at depths of 400-500 m from February and March 2012. Observations from the three sites confirm previously reported findings that the majority of annual POC (particulate organic carbon) flux in the Amundsen Sea occurs during the austral summer, with much smaller POC fluxes during other seasons. In the perennial ice-covered area, sea ice diatoms were the dominant source of sinking particles. In this region, the summertime POC flux is similar to that in the central polynya. However, the POC flux exhibited large interannual variability, with the reduction in sea ice cover and sufficient insolation being critical to enhanced sinking POC flux. Within the Amundsen Sea polynya, the sinking POC flux was higher in the central region than near the Dotson Ice Shelf, consistent with spatial variability in primary production. The site near the Dotson Ice Shelf had the lowest contribution of diatoms to sinking particles and the smallest POC flux among the three sites.},
	keywords = {Amundsen sea, Biological pump, particulate organic carbon, Perennial ice-covered area, Polynya},
	issn = {09247963},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jmarsys.2019.01.002},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092479631830304X},
	author = {Kim, Minkyoung and Yang, Eun J. and Kim, Dongseon and Jeong, Jin-Hyun and Kim, Hyung J. and Park, Jisoo and Jung, Jinyoung and Ducklow, Hugh W. and Lee, SangHoon and Hwang, Jeomshik}
}
@article {2771,
	title = {Stable isotope analyses of ancient and modern Ad{\'e}lie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) mummies from the Ross Sea Region, Antarctica},
	journal = {Polar Biology},
	volume = {42},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-06-2019},
	pages = {1183 - 1192},
	abstract = {We performed stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope analyses of 12 ancient Ad{\'e}lie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) chick mummies recovered from abandoned colonies in the Ross Sea region, Antarctica, to investigate isotopic variation and fractionation over time. We also examined latitudinal variation in penguin diet to address if the modern dietary pattern (an increase in krill as dominant prey to the north) in this region has existed in the past or if this is a recent phenomenon. The ancient mummies range in age from > 48,000 14C years before present (BP) to ~ 500 calendar years BP. Feather, skin, bone, and toenail samples were analyzed from each individual where available. Identical analyses were performed on five modern mummified Ad{\'e}lie penguin chick carcasses and breast feathers of ten recently dead chicks from each of two active colonies, Cape Hallett and Ad{\'e}lie Cove. We found significantly lower δ15N values in Cape Hallett modern chicks as compared to those from Ad{\'e}lie Cove, indicating an entire trophic-level difference in modern diet that agrees with other studies in this region. The ancient mummies exhibited consistent isotopic fractionation of δ13C among the four different tissues through time. Variation in δ15N and δ13C values was greater in bone and skin than in feather or toenail, but δ15N in all four tissues indicated similar dietary trends with latitude as occurs in this region today. These results provide insight into the dietary variability of Ad{\'e}lie penguins across the Ross Sea region and a framework for similar analyses with other avian species.},
	issn = {0722-4060},
	doi = {10.1007/s00300-019-02513-4},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00300-019-02513-4},
	author = {Kristan, Allyson K. and Emslie, Steven D. and Patterson, William P.}
}
@book {2720,
	title = {The Utility of Stable and Radioisotopes in Fish Tissues as Biogeochemical Tracers of Marine Oil Spill Food Web Effects},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {219 - 238},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	address = {Cham},
	abstract = {Direct exposure to petroleum compounds was widely reported for a variety of taxa following the DWH. Evidence of exposure ranged from oiling of skin, shells, or feathers, depending on the taxa, to observation of ingested oil in small translucent, invertebrates, to biomarkers of petroleum compounds within an organism{\textquoteright}s tissues, such as PAHs in the hepatopancreas of invertebrates or the liver of fishes, or metabolic products of PAH catabolism in the bile of various vertebrate taxa. Development of natural biogeochemical tracers to examine indirect effects, especially over long (months to years) time scales, can be much more problematic. In this chapter, we describe the utility of employing stable isotopes and radioisotopes to 1) examine whether food web effects can be inferred from shifts in stable isotope values measured in vertebrate taxa; 2) examine the assimilation and trophic transfer of petrocarbon in marine food webs; and, 3) serve as long-term biogeochemical tracers either of petrocarbon assimilation or trophic shifts that are indicative of food web effects of marine oil spills. Data and analyses are largely drawn from DWH-related studies but with broader implications to marine oil spills in general.},
	keywords = {Petrocarbon, radiocarbon, Reef fish, Stable isotopes},
	isbn = {978-3-030-12962-0},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-12963-710.1007/978-3-030-12963-7_13},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-12963-7_13},
	author = {Patterson III, William F. and Chanton, Jeffery P. and Hollander, David J. and Goddard, Ethan A. and Barnett, Beverly K. and Tarnecki, Joseph H.},
	editor = {Murawski, Steven A. and Ainsworth, Cameron H. and Gilbert, Sherryl and Hollander, David J. and Paris, Claire B. and Schl{\"u}ter, Michael and Wetzel, Dana L.}
}
@article {2864,
	title = {Active Ooid Growth Driven By Sediment Transport in a High-Energy Shoal, Little Ambergris Cay, Turks and Caicos Islands},
	journal = {Journal of Sedimentary Research},
	volume = {88},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jun-09-2020},
	pages = {1132 - 1151},
	abstract = {Ooids are a common component of carbonate successions of all ages and present significant potential as paleoenvironmental proxies, if the mechanisms that control their formation and growth can be understood quantitatively. There are a number of hypotheses about the controls on ooid growth, each offering different ideas on where and how ooids accrete and what role, if any, sediment transport and abrasion might play. These hypotheses have not been well tested in the field, largely due to the inherent challenges of tracking individual grains over long timescales. This study presents a detailed field test of ooid-growth hypotheses on Little Ambergris Cay in the Turks and Caicos Islands, British Overseas Territories. This field site is characterized by westward net sediment transport from waves driven by persistent easterly trade winds. This configuration makes it possible to track changes in ooid properties along their transport path as a proxy for changes in time. Ooid size, shape, and radiocarbon age were compared along this path to determine in which environments ooids are growing or abrading. Ooid surface textures, petrographic fabrics, stable-isotope compositions (δ13C, δ18O, and δ34S), lipid geochemistry, and genetic data were compared to characterize mechanisms of precipitation and degradation and to determine the relative contributions of abiotic (e.g., abiotic precipitation, physical abrasion) and biologically influenced processes (e.g., biologically mediated precipitation, fabric destruction through microbial microboring and micritization) to grain size and character. A convergence of evidence shows that active ooid growth occurs along the transport path in a high-energy shoal environment characterized by frequent suspended-load transport: median ooid size increases by more than 100 μm and bulk radiocarbon ages decrease by 360 yr westward along the \~{} 20 km length of the shoal crest. Lipid and 16S rRNA data highlight a spatial disconnect between the environments with the most extensive biofilm colonization and environments with active ooid growth. Stable-isotope compositions are indistinguishable among samples, and are consistent with abiotic precipitation of aragonite from seawater. Westward increases in ooid sphericity and the abundance of well-polished ooids illustrate that ooids experience subequal amounts of growth and abrasion{\textemdash}in favor of net growth{\textemdash}as they are transported along the shoal crest. Overall, these results demonstrate that, in the Ambergris system, the mechanism of ooid growth is dominantly abiotic and the loci of ooid growth is determined by both carbonate saturation and sediment transport mode. Microbes play a largely destructive, rather than constructive, role in ooid size and fabric.},
	issn = {1527-1404},
	doi = {10.2110/jsr.2018.59},
	url = {https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/sepm/jsedres/article/88/9/1132/559083/Active-Ooid-Growth-Driven-By-Sediment-Transport-in},
	author = {Trower, Elizabeth J. and Cantine, Marjorie D. and Gomes, Maya L. and Grotzinger, John P. and Knoll, Andrew H. and Lamb, Michael P. and Lingappa, Usha and O{\textquoteright}Reilly, Shane S. and Present, Theodore M. and Stein, Nathan and Strauss, Justin V. and Fischer, Woodward W.}
}
@article {2607,
	title = {On the Age and Origin of Lake Ejagham, Cameroon, and Its Endemic FishesAbstract},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {895716332765461461671825961727356647223},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-01-2018},
	pages = {21 - 32},
	abstract = {Lake Ejagham is a small, shallow lake in Cameroon, West Africa, which supports five endemic species of cichlid fishes in two distinct lineages. Genetic evidence suggests a relatively young age for the species flocks, but supporting geologic evidence has thus far been unavailable. Here we present diatom, geochemical, mineralogical, and radiocarbon data from two sediment cores that provide new insights into the age and origin of Lake Ejagham and its endemic fishes. Radiocarbon ages at the base of the longer core indicate that the lake formed approximately 9 ka ago, and the diatom record of the shorter core suggests that hydroclimate variability during the last 3 millennia was similar to that of other lakes in Cameroon and Ghana. These findings establish a maximum age of ca. 9 cal ka BP for the lake and its endemic species and suggest that repeated cichlid speciation in two distinct lineages occurred rapidly within the lake. Local geology and West African paleoclimate records argue against a volcanic, chemical, or climatic origin for Lake Ejagham. Although not conclusive, the morphometry of the lake and possible signs of impact-induced effects on quartz grains are instead more suggestive of a bolide impact.},
	keywords = {Africa, cameroon, Cichlid, Diatom, evolution, Lake Ejagham, Speciation, West African monsoon},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1017/qua.2017.37},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033589417000370/type/journal_articlehttps://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0033589417000370},
	author = {Curt Stager, Jay and Alton, Kenneth and Martin, Christopher H. and King, David T. and Petruny, Lucille W. and Wiltse, Brendan and Livingstone, Daniel A.}
}
@article {2819,
	title = {Along-slope variations in sediment lithofacies and depositional processes since the Last Glacial Maximum on the northeast Baffin margin, Canada},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {405},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-11-2018},
	pages = {92 - 107},
	abstract = {Twelve piston cores were used to characterize late Quaternary lithofacies, depositional processes and deglacial history along the Baffin Bay slope between Lancaster Sound and Home Bay. Core investigations show four distinct laterally correlatable lithofacies along the slope {\textendash} basal and upper diamicton, laminated red brown mud, tan carbonate gravelly, sandy mud and bioturbated brown mud. Basal diamicton largely represents glacigenic debris flow deposits during a glacial advance from Baffin Island at ~25 cal ka. The distribution and character of laminated red brown mud suggests a lateral supply to Baffin Bay slope from ice-proximal meltwater plumes and turbidity currents sourced in glacial ice from both Baffin Bay shelf and Home Bay between 41.5 cal ka to ~14.2 cal ka. An upper diamicton records a lesser, localized glacial advance that ended at about 14.2 cal ka. Tan carbonate mud events represent ice-rafted, enhanced detrital carbonate delivery to the slope between ~25 cal ka and ~11 cal ka. A gradual thinning of these events, from northern to southern Baffin Bay, corroborates a northern Baffin Bay, Lancaster Sound or Nares Strait iceberg source. Proglacial facies seaward of Home Bay contain beds with slightly elevated detrital carbonate that may represent the distal edge of carbonate ice-rafted from Lancaster Sound. Baffin Bay is a type example of a polar glacial basin in which direct glacial supply predominates over the effects of glacial meltwater. As a result, axial supply from the large ice streams north of Baffin Bay (particularly Lancaster Sound) is dominant in the Baffin Bay basin and lateral supply from smaller ice streams on Baffin Island predominates on the NE Baffin Slope.},
	keywords = {Baffin Bay, Glacigenic debris flow, Late Quaternary, lithofacies, stratigraphy, Tan carbonate events},
	issn = {00253227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2018.07.012},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0025322717306321},
	author = {Jenner, K.A. and Campbell, D.C. and Piper, D.J.W.}
}
@article {2624,
	title = {A base-level stratigraphic approach to determining Holocene subsidence of the Ganges-Meghna-Brahmaputra Delta plain},
	journal = {EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS},
	volume = {499},
	year = {2018},
	month = {10/01/2018},
	pages = {23-36},
	chapter = {23},
	abstract = {Relative sea level history, which is the result of the combined effects of land subsidence, sediment supply and absolute sea level history may be reconstructed from preserved sediment thicknesses. However, variations in the preserved sediment thicknesses between different sedimentary environments strongly limit the accuracy of this type of
geological approach, particularly in fluvial channelized systems, such as delta plains. To address this, we apply three different and independent stratigraphic approaches to the case of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Delta (GBMD). Our approach has been made possible by a broad dataset of geological archives we have collected, which includes more than 400 hand-drilled stratigraphic wells, 198 radiocarbon ages, and river seismic reflection data (255 km of high-resolution multichannel seismic images). The seaward gradient of accommodation and the limit of the subsiding delta plain are estimated, assuming that the delta is near or at the base-level, which is considered to be the relative sea-level. First, a statistical analysis of the variability of preserved sediment thicknesses is used to derive the average pattern of accommodation from the Holocene isopach.
Secondly, the preserved sediment thicknesses are analyzed by geomorphotectonic domains to estimate an average pattern of accommodation. Thirdly, the burial history of the seismically imaged last glacial incision of the Brahmaputra River is reconstructed. Results suggest that the variability of preserved sediment thicknesses can be up to 35\% in a delta plain between river channel and flood plain deposits for the same relative sea-level history. Taking this variability into consideration, the Holocene relative sea-level history of the GBMD and the most likely pattern of subsidence are determined. Results provide evidence of moderate Holocene subsidence over the delta, gently increasing seaward from <0.2 mm/yr landward of the Hinge Zone, which can be considered as the northern limit of the subsiding delta plain, to 2 {\textpm} 0.7 mm/yr in the middle fluvial delta to 4 {\textpm} 1.4 mm/yr in the lower tidal delta. This enables us to construct the first millennial-scale map of subsidence pattern on the GBMD in which uncertainties on subsidence rates are provided. This map may aid in evaluating the negative impact that human modification may have on subsidence and relative sea level in the GBMD, and thereby help to determine better sustainable coastal management practices for the GBMD and other large delta plains.},
	keywords = {base level stratigraphic method, delta plain, Ganges{\textendash}Brahmaputra{\textendash}Meghna Delta, indicative meaning of sea level index, relative sea level, subsidence},
	issn = {0012-821X},
	author = {Grall, C and Steckler, MS and Pickering, JL and Goodbred, S}
}
@article {2623,
	title = {A base-level stratigraphic approach to determining Holocene subsidence of the Ganges{\textendash}Meghna{\textendash}Brahmaputra Delta plain},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {499},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-10-2018},
	pages = {23 - 36},
	abstract = {Relative sea level history, which is the result of the combined effects of land subsidence, sediment supply and absolute sea level history may be reconstructed from preserved sediment thicknesses. However, variations in the preserved sediment thicknesses between different sedimentary environments strongly limit the accuracy of this type of geological approach, particularly in fluvial channelized systems, such as delta plains. To address this, we apply three different and independent stratigraphic approaches to the case of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Delta (GBMD). Our approach has been made possible by a broad dataset of geological archives we have collected, which includes more than 400 hand-drilled stratigraphic wells, 198 radiocarbon ages, and river seismic reflection data (255 km of high-resolution multichannel seismic images). The seaward gradient of accommodation and the limit of the subsiding delta plain are estimated, assuming that the delta is near or at the base-level, which is considered to be the relative sea-level. First, a statistical analysis of the variability of preserved sediment thicknesses is used to derive the average pattern of accommodation from the Holocene isopach. Secondly, the preserved sediment thicknesses are analyzed by geomorphotectonic domains to estimate an average pattern of accommodation. Thirdly, the burial history of the seismically imaged last glacial incision of the Brahmaputra River is reconstructed. Results suggest that the variability of preserved sediment thicknesses can be up to 35\% in a delta plain between river channel and flood plain deposits for the same relative sea-level history. Taking this variability into consideration, the Holocene relative sea-level history of the GBMD and the most likely pattern of subsidence are determined. Results provide evidence of moderate Holocene subsidence over the delta, gently increasing seaward from <0.2 mm/yr landward of the Hinge Zone, which can be considered as the northern limit of the subsiding delta plain, to 2 +/- 0.7 mm/yr in the middle fluvial delta to 4 +/- 1.4 mm/yr in the lower tidal delta. This enables us to construct the first millennial-scale map of subsidence pattern on the GBMD in which uncertainties on subsidence rates are provided. This map may aid in evaluating the negative impact that human modification may have on subsidence and relative sea level in the GBMD, and thereby help to determine better sustainable coastal management practices for the GBMD and other large delta plains. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.},
	keywords = {base level stratigraphic method, delta plain, Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Delta, indicative meaning of sea level index, relative sea level, subsidence},
	issn = {0012821X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2018.07.008},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X1830414X},
	author = {Grall, C. and Steckler, M.S. and Pickering, J.L. and Goodbred, S. and Sincavage, R. and Paola, C. and Akhter, S.H. and Spiess, V.}
}
@article {2612,
	title = {Climate variability and cultural eutrophication at Walden Pond (Massachusetts, USA) during the last 1800 years},
	journal = {PLOS ONE},
	volume = {131786944304936355638925103443261363251824210727417625108525645371825392233490545519069849653235772249},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Apr-04-2018},
	pages = {e0191755},
	abstract = {Recent shifts in the ecological condition of Walden Pond, MA, are of
potentially wide interest due to the lake{\textquoteright}s importance as a cultural,
historical, and recreational resource in addition to its scientific
value as an indicator of local and global environmental change. Algal
microfossils in six sediment cores document changes in hydroclimate and
trophic status of the lake during the last 1800 years and extend two
previous sediment core records of shorter length. Low percentages of
planktonic diatoms in the longest cores (WAL-3, WAL-15) indicate
shallowing and/or greater water clarity associated with a relatively
arid interval during the Medieval Climate Anomaly, ca. A.D. 1150-1300,
Cultural eutrophication of the lake since the A.D. 1920s caused diatoms
in the genera Asterionella and Synedra to increase in relative abundance
at the expense of Cyclotella, Discostella, and the chrysophyte alga
Mallomonas allorgel. Percentages of Asterionella and Synedra have
remained fairly stable since A.D. 2000 when a previous sediment core
study was conducted, but scaled chrysophytes have become more numerous.
These findings suggest that, although mitigation efforts have curtailed
anthropogenic nutrient inputs to Walden Pond, the lake has not returned
to the pre-impact condition described by Henry David Thoreau and may
become increasingly vulnerable to further changes in water quality in a
warmer and possibly wetter future.},
	keywords = {BOREAL LAKES, canada, CRAWFORD LAKE, DEPTH MODELS, ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE, ice-age, new-england, NORTH-AMERICA, NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES, organic-matter},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0191755},
	url = {https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/04/180404143418.htm},
	author = {Stager, J. Curt and Wiltse, Brendan and Hubeny, J. Bradford and Yankowsky, Eric and Nardelli, David and Primack, Richard},
	editor = {Doi, Hideyuki}
}
@article {2622,
	title = {Combining Conflicting Bayesian Models to Develop Paleoseismic Records: An Example from the Wasatch Fault Zone, Utah},
	journal = {Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Feb-06-2020},
	abstract = {Bayesian statistical analyses of paleoseismic data result in the probabilistic determination of earthquake times using geochronological data evaluated in the context of a stratigraphic model. However, a fundamental problem in paleoseismology is how to use the Bayesian approach to model sparse and/or conflicting geochronological datasets, such as those derived from sites exhibiting episodic sedimentary and pedogenic processes in moderate- to high-energy environments (e.g., a normal-faulted alluvial fan). Using paleoseismic data for the Corner Canyon site on the Salt Lake City segment of the Wasatch fault zone (Utah), we develop an approach by which multiple Bayesian models are combined to generate an earthquake history at a site. This approach accommodates mutually exclusive interpretations of the geochronological data and thereby limits the influence of sparse data, stratigraphically inconsistent ages, or a single, subjective model interpretation. For the Corner Canyon site, we integrate four OxCal Bayesian models to generate a chronology of six events between \~{}4.8 and \~{}0.5  ka. Late Holocene (post-5 ka) mean recurrence and vertical slip-rate estimates are \~{}0.9  ky (0.7{\textendash}1.0 ky; 95\% confidence) and 1.1  mm/yr (0.8{\textendash}1.7  mm/yr range), respectively. Although our method increases the uncertainty in the timing of individual earthquakes, it more objectively accounts for potential geochronological errors and different interpretations of stratigraphic age control. By relaxing the need to select a single age model, our approach yields more accurate earthquake-timing results that will better facilitate evaluations of along-fault event correlation and earthquake rupture length.},
	issn = {0037-1106},
	doi = {10.1785/0120170302},
	url = {https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/bssa/article/536312/Combining-Conflicting-Bayesian-Models-to-Develop},
	author = {DuRoss, Christopher B. and Bennett, Scott E. K. and Briggs, Richard W. and Personius, Stephen F. and Gold, Ryan D. and Reitman, Nadine G. and Hiscock, Adam I. and Mahan, Shannon A.}
}
@article {2745,
	title = {Data Constraints on Glacial Atlantic Water Mass Geometry and Properties},
	journal = {Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology},
	volume = {33},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Mar-09-2020},
	pages = {1013 - 1034},
	abstract = {The chemical composition of benthic foraminifera from marine sediment cores provides information on how glacial subsurface water properties differed from modern, but separating the influence of changes in the origin and end-member properties of subsurface water from changes in flows and mixing is challenging. Spatial gaps in coverage of glacial data add to the uncertainty. Here we present new data from cores collected from the Demerara Rise in the western tropical North Atlantic, including cores from the modern tropical phosphate maximum at Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) depths. The results suggest lower phosphate concentration and higher carbonate saturation state within the phosphate maximum than modern despite similar carbon isotope values, consistent with less accumulation of respired nutrients and carbon, and reduced air-sea gas exchange in source waters to the region. An inversion of new and published glacial data confirms these inferences and further suggests that lower preformed nutrients in AAIW, and partial replacement of this still relatively high-nutrient AAIW with nutrient-depleted, carbonate-rich waters sourced from the region of the modern-day northern subtropics, also contributed to the observed changes. The results suggest that glacial preformed and remineralized phosphate were lower throughout the upper Atlantic, but deep phosphate concentration was higher. The inversion, which relies on the fidelity of the paleoceanographic data, suggests that the partial replacement of North Atlantic sourced deep water by Southern Ocean Water was largely responsible for the apparent deep North Atlantic phosphate increase, rather than greater remineralization.},
	issn = {2572-4517},
	doi = {10.1029/2018PA003408},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2018PA003408},
	author = {Oppo, Delia W. and Gebbie, Geoffrey and Huang, Kuo-Fang and Curry, William B. and Marchitto, Thomas M. and Pietro, Kathryn R.}
}
@article {2886,
	title = {The demise of the largest and oldest African baobabs},
	journal = {Nature Plants},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-07-2018},
	pages = {423 - 426},
	abstract = {The African baobab is the biggest and longest-living angiosperm tree. By using radiocarbon dating we identified the stable architectures that enable baobabs to reach large sizes and great ages. We report that 9 of the 13 oldest and 5 of the 6 largest individuals have died, or at least their oldest parts/stems have collapsed and died, over the past 12 years; the cause of the mortalities is still unclear.},
	doi = {10.1038/s41477-018-0170-5},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-018-0170-5},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Woodborne, Stephan and Patrut, Roxana T. and Rakosy, Laszlo and Lowy, Daniel A. and Hall, Grant and von Reden, Karl F.}
}
@article {2722,
	title = {The Ephemeral Signature of Permafrost Carbon in an Arctic Fluvial Network},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},
	volume = {123},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jul-05-2018},
	pages = {1475 - 1485},
	abstract = {Arctic fluvial networks process, outgas, and transport significant quantities of terrestrial organic carbon (C), particularly dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The proportion of permafrost C in these fluxes, however, is poorly constrained. A primary obstacle to the quantification of permafrost-derived DOC is that it is rapidly respired without leaving a unique tracer of its presence. In this study, we investigated the production of bacterial respiratory carbon dioxide (CO2; measured as dissolved inorganic carbon; DIC) during maximum late-summer thaw in sites spanning a fluvial network (Kolyma Basin, Siberia) to assess whether the biodegradation of permafrost DOC could be detected by the presence of a persistent aged (14C-depleted) signature on the DIC pool. Using Keeling plot interpretation of DIC produced in bioincubations of river water, we show that bacteria respire varying sources of DOC moving downstream through the fluvial network. Respiration of permafrost (production of aged CO2) was only detected in heavily permafrost thaw influenced sites. In nonpermafrost thaw impacted sites, ambient DIC was modern (14C-enriched), but rather than precluding the respiration of permafrost OC upstream, we suggest that 14C-depleted DIC is overwhelmed by modern DIC. Investigation of dissolved organic matter composition via Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry highlighted that elevated levels of aliphatic and nitrogen-containing compounds were associated with the production of aged DIC, providing molecular-level insight as to why permafrost-derived dissolved organic matter is rapidly respired. Overall, results from this study demonstrate the difficulty of tracing inputs of a highly reactive substrate to systems with diverse organic matter sources.},
	issn = {2169-8953},
	doi = {10.1029/2017JG004311},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2017JG004311},
	author = {Drake, Travis W. and Guillemette, Fran{\c c}ois and Hemingway, Jordon D. and Chanton, Jeffery P. and Podgorski, David C. and Zimov, Nikita S. and Spencer, Robert G. M.}
}
@article {2899,
	title = {Human use of small forage fish: Improved ancient DNA species identification techniques reveal long term record of sustainable mass harvesting of smelt fishery in the northeast Pacific Rim},
	journal = {Journal of Archaeological Science},
	volume = {99},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-11-2018},
	pages = {143 - 152},
	abstract = {The bulk storage and mass capture of small forage fish has played a primary role in the cultural traditions and subsistence practices of many ancient and modern indigenous communities throughout the world. Archaeologists are improving their recognition of human interaction with these fisheries through the application of fine-mesh screening techniques and ichthyofaunal analysis of fish bone. Because of the differing life histories of many of these fish, determining their species from archaeological contexts can improve our resolution of past harvesting and consumption patterns. This has remained a challenge for many categories of fish, such as salmon and smelt. Here, we present an improved genetic species identification process that utilizes ancient DNA amplification techniques involving a reagent-rich PCR protocol (i.e., {\textquotedblleft}Rescue PCR{\textquotedblright}) and a PCR Enhancer Cocktail P (i.e., PEC-P) to identify smelt and other forage fish bone from five archaeological sites located along the northern California (United States) Pacific coast dating to the Late Period (after 1300 cal BP). Through the application of these novel techniques, our species identification success rate increased to 71.2\% overall, with some sites having a remarkable 100\% success rate. We identified the species of 104 of 146 fish vertebrae, and determined that inhabitants at these sites harvested primarily surf smelt with potentially less emphasis on night smelt. Observations of herring, perch, sculpin and rainbow trout/steelhead were also made. Along with these small surf fish, we found evidence of larger fish such as shark and Pacific hake (common predatory fish in the area). The study demonstrates a significant breakthrough in ancient DNA identification techniques that resulted in information that speak to the long term continuity of use of mass harvested forage fish by indigenous peoples. The results of this project help establish a better understanding of subsistence and cultural traditions of northern California indigenous communities, with the potential to provide a more global understanding of fishing technologies, sustainability, and mass harvesting of small fishes.},
	keywords = {aDNA, Ichythyarchaeology, Northern California, Smelt, Species identification},
	issn = {03054403},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jas.2018.09.014},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0305440318303340},
	author = {Palmer, Erica and Tushingham, Shannon and Kemp, Brian M.}
}
@article {2711,
	title = {Interstadial Rise and Younger Dryas Demise of Scotland{\textquoteright}s Last Ice Fields},
	journal = {Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology},
	volume = {33},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-04-2018},
	pages = {412 - 429},
	abstract = {Establishing the atmospheric expression of abrupt climate change during the last glacial termination is key to understanding driving mechanisms. In this paper, we present a new 14C chronology of glacier behavior during late-glacial time from the Scottish Highlands, located close to the overturning region of the North Atlantic Ocean. Our results indicate that the last pulse of glaciation culminated between ~12.8 and ~12.6 ka, during the earliest part of the Younger Dryas stadial and as much as a millennium earlier than several recent estimates. Comparison of our results with existing minimum-limiting 14C data also suggests that the subsequent deglaciation of Scotland was rapid and occurred during full stadial conditions in the North Atlantic. We attribute this pattern of ice recession to enhanced summertime melting, despite severely cool winters, and propose that relatively warm summers are a fundamental characteristic of North Atlantic stadials.},
	keywords = {late glacial, Loch Lomond Readvance, marine reservoir effect, moraine chronology, radiocarbon, seasonality},
	doi = {10.1002/palo.v33.410.1002/2018PA003341},
	url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2018PA003341},
	author = {Bromley, G. and Putnam, A. and Borns, H. and Lowell, T. and Sandford, T. and Barrell, D.}
}
@article {2723,
	title = {Isotopic composition of sinking particles: Oil effects, recovery andbaselines in the Gulf of Mexico, 2010{\textendash}2015},
	journal = {Elem Sci Anth},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Sep-01-2018},
	pages = {43},
	abstract = {The extensive release of oil during the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill in the northern Gulf of Mexico perturbed the pelagic ecosystem and associated sinking material. To gauge the recovery and post-spill baseline sources, we measured Δ14C, δ13C and δ34S of sinking particles near the spill site and at a reference site and natural seep site. Particulates were collected August 2010{\textendash}April 2016 in sediment traps moored at sites with depths of 1160{\textendash}1660 m. Near the spill site, changes in Δ14C indicated a 3-year recovery period, while δ34S indicated 1{\textendash}2 years, which agreed with estimates of 1{\textendash}2 years based on hydrocarbon composition. Under post-spill baseline conditions, carbon inputs to sinking particulates in the northern Gulf were dominated by surface marine production (80{\textendash}85\%) and riverine inputs (15{\textendash}20\%). Near the spill site, Δ14C values were depleted in October 2010 ({\textendash}140 to {\textendash}80{\textperthousand}), increasing systematically by 0.07 {\textpm} 0.02{\textperthousand} day{\textendash}1 until July 2013 when values reached {\textendash}3.2 {\textpm} 31.0{\textperthousand}. This Δ14C baseline was similar to particulates at the reference site (3.8 {\textpm} 31.1{\textperthousand}). At both sites, δ13C values stayed constant throughout the study period ({\textendash}21.9 {\textpm} 0.5{\textperthousand} and {\textendash}21.9 {\textpm} 0.9{\textperthousand}, respectively). δ34S near the spill site was depleted (7.4 {\textpm} 3.1{\textperthousand}) during October 2010{\textendash}September 2011, but enriched (16.9 {\textpm} 2.0{\textperthousand}) and similar to the reference site (16.2 {\textpm} 3.1{\textperthousand}) during November 2012{\textendash}April 2015. At the seep site, Δ14C values were {\textendash}21.7 {\textpm} 45.7{\textperthousand} except during August 2012{\textendash}January 2013 when a significant Δ14C depletion of {\textendash}109.0 {\textpm} 29.1{\textperthousand} was observed. We interpret this depletion period, also observed in δ13C data, as caused by the incorporation of naturally seeped oil into sinking particles. Determination of post-spill baselines for these isotopic signatures allows for evaluation of anthropogenic inputs in future.},
	keywords = {Deep Water Horizon Oil Spill, Gulf of Mexico, isotopes, radiocarbon, sediment trap, sinking particulates},
	doi = {10.1525/elementa.298},
	url = {https://www.elementascience.org/article/10.1525/elementa.298},
	author = {Chanton, Jeffrey P. and Giering, Sarah L. C. and Bosman, Samantha H. and Rogers, Kelsey L. and Sweet, Julia and Asper, Vernon L. and Diercks, Arne R. and Passow, Uta}
}
@article {2751,
	title = {Large-Scale Intrusion of Circumpolar Deep Water on Antarctic Margin Recorded by Stylasterid Corals},
	journal = {Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology},
	volume = {33},
	year = {2018},
	month = {May-11-2018},
	pages = {1306 - 1321},
	abstract = {We present centennial-scale radiocarbon (14C) records archived by deep sea stylasterid corals from the outer shelf and upper slope of the Antarctic margin. These novel stylasterids (Errina spp.) were collected from the western Ross Sea shelf (500 m) and slope (1,700 m), as well as the eastern Wilkes Land shelf (670 m). We provide two corals from each region and document an abrupt reversal of 14C ages in the upper (younger) part of each coral. We test the statistical robustness of each record and demonstrate the significance of the age reversals, as well as the ability of these corals to record environmental change. We discuss a variety of possible drivers for this 14C reversal and conclude that it is most likely an encroachment of 14C-depeleted Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW). This water mass has regionally intruded onto the Antarctic margin in recent decades, facilitating loss of grounded Antarctic ice; which has implications for global sea level, deep-water formation, and carbon sequestration in the Southern Ocean. Thus, understanding the past variability of CDW on the margin is vital to better constrain climate change trajectories in the near future. We estimate large-scale encroachment of CDW onto the shelf likely commencing after 1830 CE ({\textpm}120 year). We present possible drivers for the intrusion, but highlight the need for additional chronologic constraint. This study not only demonstrates the utility of a novel coral taxon but also presents the paleoceanographic community with a testable hypothesis concerning a recent, widespread CDW intrusion.},
	issn = {2572-4517},
	doi = {10.1029/2018PA003439},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2018PA003439},
	author = {King, Theresa M. and Rosenheim, Brad E. and Post, Alexandra L. and Gabris, Theresa and Burt, Taylor and Domack, Eugene W.}
}
@article {2742,
	title = {Late Holocene paleoceanography in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, Arctic Ocean, based on benthic foraminifera and ostracodes},
	journal = {arktos},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-12-2018},
	abstract = {Calcareous microfossil assemblages in late Holocene sediments from the western Arctic continental shelf provide an important baseline for evaluating the impacts of today{\textquoteright}s changing Arctic oceanography. This study compares 14C-dated late Holocene microfaunal assemblages of sediment cores SWERUS-L2-2-PC1, 2-MC4 and 2-KL1 (57 mwd), which record the last 4200 years in the Herald Canyon (Chukchi Sea shelf), and HLY1302-JPC-32, GGC-30, MC-29 (60 mwd), which record the last 3000 years in the Beaufort Sea shelf off the coast of Canada. Foraminiferal and ostracode assemblages are typical of Arctic continental shelf environments with annual sea-ice cover and show relatively small changes in terms of variability of dominant species. Important microfaunal changes in the Beaufort site include a spike in Spiroplectammina biformis coinciding with a decrease in Cassidulina reniforme in the last few centuries suggesting an increase of Pacific Water influence and decreased sea-ice. There is low-amplitude centennial-scale variability in proportions of benthic foraminiferal species, such as C. reniforme. In addition to these species, Cassidulina teretis s.l., Elphidium excavatum clavatum and Stainforthia feylingi are also common at this site. At the Herald Canyon site in the last few centuries, C. reniforme peaks around 150 years BP and then decreases while Spiroplectammina earlandi spikes and Acanthocythereis dunelmensis decreases also suggesting an increase in Pacific Water influence and decreased sea-ice at this site. This site also includes Buccella spp. and Elphidium excavatum clavatum. Differences in benthic foraminifera and ostracode species dominance between the two sites may be due to a greater influence of Pacific Water in the Chukchi shelf, compared to the more distal Beaufort shelf, which is also affected by the Beaufort Gyre and the Mackenzie River.},
	issn = {2364-9453},
	doi = {10.1007/s41063-018-0058-7},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41063-018-0058-7},
	author = {Seidenstein, Julia L. and Cronin, Thomas M. and Gemery, Laura and Keigwin, Lloyd D. and Pearce, Christof and Jakobsson, Martin and Coxall, Helen K. and Wei, Emily A. and Driscoll, Neal W.}
}
@article {2627,
	title = {Late Pleistocene to Holocene productivity changes in the western equatorial Pacific (Sulu Sea, Philippines) from calcareous nannofossils},
	journal = {Marine Micropaleontology},
	volume = {143},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-09-2018},
	pages = {1 - 11},
	abstract = {We present a new calcareous nannofossil paleoproductivity reconstruction of the southeastern margin of the Sulu Sea to understand how marine productivity varied through time in one of the major fishing grounds of the Philippine archipelago. The study is based on two sediment cores obtained from two different hydrographic locations in the western equatorial Pacific region: an upwelling region off Zamboanga Peninsula (U-GC12) and a non-upwelling area off Panay Island (NU-GC14), covering the past 18,000 years before present (B.P.). Calcareous nannofossil assemblages in the investigated areas were of low diversity and largely dominated by Gephyrocapsa oceanica and Florisphaera profwida, followed by small placolith-bearing taxa, Emiliania hwcleyi, small Gephyrocapsa, and Reticulofenestra minuta. Upwelling episodes off the Zamboanga Peninsula were recorded several times in the past as shown by an increase in the abundance of high productivity indicator species (G. oceanica, small Gephyrocapsa, E. hwcleyi) and of bulk sediment CaCO3 (\%), and a concomitant decline in the total organic carbon (TOC; \%). The high abundance of low surface water productivity species F. profunda and Umbellosphaera irregularis indicates a stratified water column with a deeper nutricline, probably caused by the reduced upwelling intensity. This condition was corroborated by the decrease in CaCO3 (\%) and an increase in TOC (\%). We propose that the modern day high productivity conditions off Zamboanga Peninsula started at 2500 years B.P., whereas the low productivity off Panay Island was recorded from 4000 years B.P., and persists to the present day. Evidence of the Younger Dryas (YD) event was recorded from 11,100 to 10,400 years B.P. in UGC12, synchronous to the YD event reported from other areas in the Northern Hemisphere, and in accordance with the timing in the Sulu Sea as reported from previous studies in this region. This event in the Sulu Sea is characterized by a decrease in total nannofossil abundance and estimated primary productivity, together with an increase in CaCO3 (\%) and a decrease in TOC (\%). We interpreted that dilution caused by the increase in precipitation experienced in the Southeast Asian region during the YD event could have led to the decline of the total calcareous nannofossils whereas the recorded increase in CaCO3 (\%) is attributed to the high abundance of planktonic foraminifera during this interval.},
	keywords = {arabian sea, EAST-ASIAN MONSOON, GLOBAL YOUNGER-DRYAS, indian-ocean, last deglaciation, OCEANIC PRIMARY PRODUCTION, south china sea, surface sediments, UPWELLING SYSTEM, YR BP},
	issn = {03778398},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marmicro.2018.07.001},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0377839816301219https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0377839816301219?httpAccept=text/xmlhttps://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0377839816301219?httpAccept=text/plain},
	author = {Tangunan, Deborah N. and Peleo-Alampay, Alyssa M.}
}
@article {2611,
	title = {Linear decline in red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) otolith Δ14C extends the utility of the bomb radiocarbon chronometer for fish age validation in the Northern Gulf of Mexico},
	journal = {ICES Journal of Marine Science},
	volume = {8870697346588911255202655996472975862129455810210311781289189114143320657330766513996026526319911984699},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Mar-05-2018},
	abstract = {Radiocarbon (D14C) was analyzed in northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM) red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) otolith cores (n{\textonequarter}23), otolith
edge samples (n{\textonequarter}12), and whole age-0 otoliths (n{\textonequarter}9), with edge samples and whole age-0 otoliths constituting known-age samples.
There was no significant difference in the linear relationship of D14C versus year of formation between regional corals and known-age otolith
samples, and a linear regression fit to the combined data from 1980 to 2015 extends the utility of the bomb radiocarbon chronometer
for age validation. The entire regional coral and known-age otolith data set (1940 to 2015) was then utilized as a reference series to validate
otolith-derived red snapper age estimates for cored otolith samples. A loess regression was fit to the reference data and then the sum
of squared residuals (SSR) was computed from predicted versus observed birth years for cored adult otolith samples. This process was
then repeated for ages biased 61{\textendash}4 years. Ages with no bias applied had the lowest SSR, thus validating red snapper age estimates and
demonstrating the utility of the combined regional coral and known-age red snapper otolith D14C time series for age validation of nGOM
marine fishes.},
	keywords = {Age validation, otoliths, radiocarbon, red snapper},
	issn = {1054-3139},
	doi = {10.1093/icesjms/fsy043},
	url = {https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/advance-article/doi/10.1093/icesjms/fsy043/4992258http://academic.oup.com/icesjms/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/icesjms/fsy043/24775644/fsy043.pdf},
	author = {Barnett, Beverly K and Thornton, Laura and Allman, Robert and Chanton, Jeffrey P and Patterson, William F}
}
@article {2859,
	title = {Longitudinal discontinuities in riverine greenhouse gas dynamics generated by dams and urban wastewater},
	journal = {Biogeosciences},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-01-2018},
	pages = {6349 - 6369},
	abstract = {Surface water concentrations of CO2, CH4, and N2O have rarely been measured simultaneously in river systems modified by human activities, contributing to large uncertainties in estimating global riverine emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Basin-wide surveys of the three GHGs were combined with a small number of measurements of C isotope ratios in dissolved organic matter (DOM), CO2, and CH4 in the Han River basin, South Korea, to examine how longitudinal patterns of the three gases and DOM are affected by four cascade dams along a middle section of the North Han River (hereafter termed {\textquotedblleft}middle reach{\textquotedblright}) and treated wastewater discharged to the lower Han River ({\textquotedblleft}lower reach{\textquotedblright}) traversing the Seoul metropolitan area. Monthly monitoring and two-season comparison were conducted at 6 and 15 sites, respectively, to measure surface water gas concentrations and ancillary water quality parameters including concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and optical properties of DOM. The basin-wide surveys were complemented with a sampling cruise along the lower reach and synoptic samplings along an urban tributary delivering effluents from a large wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) to the lower reach. The levels of pCO2 were relatively low in the middle reach (51{\textendash}2465 {\textmu}atm), particularly at the four dam sites (51{\textendash}761 {\textmu}atm), compared with those found in the largely forested upper basin with scattered patches of croplands (163{\textendash}2539 {\textmu}atm), the lower reach (78{\textendash}11298 {\textmu}atm), and three urban tributaries (2120{\textendash}11970 {\textmu}atm). The upper and middle reaches displayed generally low concentration ranges of CH4 and N2O, with some local peaks influenced by agricultural runoff and impoundments. By comparison, the lower reach exhibited exceptionally high concentrations of CH4 (1.2{\textendash}15766 nmol L-1) and N2O (7.5{\textendash}1396 nmol L-1), which were significantly correlated with different sets of variables such as DO and PO3-4 for CH4 and NH+4 and NO-3 for N2O. Downriver increases in the levels of DOC and optical properties such as fluorescence index (FI) and protein-like fluorescence indicated an increasing DOM fraction of anthropogenic and microbial origin. The concentrations of the three GHGs and DOC were similar in magnitude and temporal variation at a WWTP discharge and the receiving tributary, indicating a disproportionate contribution of the WWTP effluents to the tributary gas and DOC exports to the lower reach. The values of δ13C in surface water CO2 and CH4 measured during the sampling cruise along the lower reach, combined with δ13C and Δ14C in DOM sampled across the basin, implied a strong influence of the wastewater-derived gases and aged DOM delivered by the urban tributaries. The downstream enrichment of 13C in CO2 and CH4 suggested that the spatial distribution of these gases across the eutrophic lower reach may also be constrained by multiple concomitant processes including outgassing, photosynthesis, and CH4 oxidation. The overall results suggest that dams and urban wastewater may create longitudinal discontinuities in riverine metabolic processes leading to large spatial variations in the three GHGs correlating with different combinations of DOM properties and nutrients. Further research is required to evaluate the relative contributions of anthropogenic and in-stream sources of the three gases and DOM in eutrophic urbanized river systems and constrain key factors for the contrasting impoundment effects such as autotrophy-driven decreases in pCO2 and in-lake production of CH4 and N2O.},
	doi = {10.5194/bg-15-6349-2018},
	url = {https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/15/6349/2018/},
	author = {Jin, Hyojin and Yoon, Tae Kyung and Begum, Most Shirina and Lee, Eun-Ju and Oh, Neung-Hwan and Kang, Namgoo and Park, Ji-Hyung}
}
@article {2707,
	title = {A long-term decrease in the persistence of soil carbon caused by ancient Maya land use},
	journal = {Nature Geoscience},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-09-2018},
	pages = {645 - 649},
	abstract = {The long-term effects of deforestation on tropical forest soil carbon reservoirs are important for estimating the consequences of land use on the global carbon cycle, but are poorly understood. The Maya Lowlands of Mexico and Guatemala provide a unique opportunity to assess this question, given the widespread deforestation by the ancient Maya that began ~4,000 years ago. Here, we compare radiocarbon ages of plant waxes and macrofossils in sediment cores from three lakes in the Maya Lowlands to record past changes in the mean soil transit time of plant waxes (MTTwax). MTTwax indicates the average age of plant waxes that are transported from soils to lake sediments, and comparison of radiocarbon data from soils and lake sediments within the same catchment indicates that MTTwax reflects the age of carbon in deep soils. All three sediment cores showed a decrease in MTTwax, ranging from 2,300 to 800 years, over the past 3,500 years. This decrease in MTTwax, indicating shorter storage times for carbon in lake catchment soils, is associated with evidence for ancient Maya deforestation. MTTwax never recovered to pre-deforestation values, despite subsequent reforestation, implying that current tropical deforestation will have long-lasting effects on soil carbon sinks.},
	issn = {1752-0894},
	doi = {10.1038/s41561-018-0192-7},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327119047_A_long-term_decrease_in_the_persistence_of_soil_carbon_caused_by_ancient_Maya_land_use},
	author = {Douglas, Peter M. J. and Pagani, Mark and Eglinton, Timothy I. and Brenner, Mark and Curtis, Jason H. and Breckenridge, Andy and Johnston, Kevin}
}
@article {2617,
	title = {Maar sediment  in central Vietnam  Highland  near Pleiku:  An archive of regional  monsoon  intensity? },
	year = {2018},
	keywords = {flood layer, land use, monsoon},
	url = {http://eosvnu.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Schimmelmann_2018_Abstract_7IMC.pdf},
	author = {Schimmelmann, A., H. and Nguyễn-V{\u a}n, D. and Nguyễn-Th{\`u}y, J.P. and Schimmelmann, A.E.K. and Ojala, N. and Nguyễn-{\'A}nh, Q. and Trọng {\DJ}ỗ, D. and Th{\`u}y Nguyễn, P. and H{\`o}a Tạ, V. and Huynh-Kim, N. and Quynh Phạm-Nữ, B. and Zolitschka, I.}
}
@article {2615,
	title = {Microbial decomposition of marine dissolved organic matter in cool oceanic crust},
	journal = {Nature Geoscience},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-05-2018},
	pages = {334 - 339},
	abstract = {Marine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is one of the largest active reservoirs of reduced carbon on Earth. In the deep ocean, DOC has been described as biologically recalcitrant and has a radiocarbon age of 4,000 to 6,000 years, which far exceeds the timescale of ocean overturning. However, abiotic removal mechanisms cannot account for the full magnitude of deep-ocean DOC loss. Deep-ocean water circulates at low temperatures through volcanic crust on ridge flanks, but little is known about the associated biogeochemical processes and carbon cycling.
Here we present analyses of DOC in fluids from two borehole observatories installed in crustal rocks west of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, and show that deep-ocean DOC is removed from these cool circulating fluids. The removal mechanism is isotopically selective and causes a shift in specific features of molecular composition, consistent with microbe-mediated oxidation. We suggest organic molecules with an average radiocarbon age of 3,200 years are bioavailable to crustal microbes, and that this removal mechanism may account for at least 5\% of the global loss of DOC in the deep ocean. Cool crustal circulation probably contributes to maintaining the deep ocean as a reservoir of {\textquoteright}aged{\textquoteright} and refractory DOC by discharging the surviving organic carbon constituents that are molecularly degraded and depleted in C-14 and C-13 into the deep ocean.},
	keywords = {carbon, community, deep-ocean, DISTINCT, extraction, fluid-flow, HEAT, MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE, SEAWATER, WESTERN FLANK},
	issn = {1752-0894},
	doi = {10.1038/s41561-018-0109-5},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-018-0109-5http://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-018-0109-5.pdfhttp://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-018-0109-5http://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-018-0109-5.pdf},
	author = {Shah Walter, Sunita R. and Jaekel, Ulrike and Osterholz, Helena and Fisher, Andrew T. and Huber, Julie A. and Pearson, Ann and Dittmar, Thorsten and Girguis, Peter R.}
}
@article {2621,
	title = {Paleoseismic Results from the Alpine Site, Wasatch Fault Zone: Timing and Displacement Data for Six Holocene Earthquakes at the Salt Lake City{\textendash}Provo Segment Boundary},
	journal = {Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Feb-10-2018},
	abstract = {To improve the characterization of Holocene earthquakes on the Wasatch fault zone (WFZ), we conducted light detection and ranging (lidar)-based neotectonic mapping and excavated a paleoseismic trench across an 8-m-high fault scarp near Alpine, Utah, located <1  km south of the boundary between the Salt Lake City and Provo segments (SLCS and PS). We document evidence for six paleoearthquakes (AL6{\textendash}AL1) from scarp-derived colluvial wedges and crosscutting relations. A ground-penetrating radar survey across the scarp resolved fault-zone width, but not paleoearthquake stratigraphy. Bayesian (OxCal) modeling of 13 radiocarbon and 13 optically stimulated luminescence ages indicates that six earthquakes occurred \~{}6.2{\textendash}0.4  ka. Interseismic recurrence ranges from 0.2 to 1.8 ky (mean 1.2 ky). We estimate 6.5{\textpm}0.7  m of cumulative vertical tectonic displacement across the >=14-m-wide fault zone used near-field observations of scarp-derived colluvial-wedge thicknesses, antithetic faulting, and graben backtilting. This is similar to our independent estimate of 6.5{\textpm}0.5  m using far-field observations of the offset ground surface and correlation of alluvial-fan stratigraphy across the WFZ. These results suggest that colluvial-wedge thickness at the Alpine site approximates one-half the original west-facing fault scarp height. Per-event vertical displacements range from 0.8 to 1.2 m (mean 1.1 m), which we use to estimate surface rupture lengths that may exceed 50 km from earthquakes as large as moment magnitude (Mw) \~{}7.0. The late Holocene average vertical slip rate is 0.9  mm/yr (0.7{\textendash}1.2  mm/yr range). Earthquake frequency has increased in the past \~{}1  ky, whereas displacement per event has been similar for the past \~{}6  ky, suggesting that strain accumulation is not the sole factor that controls the frequency and size of earthquakes at the SLCS{\textendash}PS segment boundary. These findings can be used for a more nuanced characterization of earthquakes at the SLCS{\textendash}PS boundary and improve earthquake hazard assessments along the Wasatch Front.},
	issn = {0037-1106},
	doi = {10.1785/0120160358},
	url = {https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/bssa/article/556954/Paleoseismic-Results-from-the-Alpine-Site-Wasatch},
	author = {Bennett, S. E. K. and DuRoss, C. B. and Gold, R. D. and Briggs, R. W. and Personius, S. F. and Reitman, N. G. and Devore, J. R. and Hiscock, A. I. and Mahan, S. A. and Gray, H. J. and Gunnarson, S. and Stephenson, W. J. and Pettinger, E. and Odum, J. K.}
}
@book {2733,
	title = {The Potential Impact of Hydrocarbons on Mussels in Port au Port Bay, Newfoundland},
	volume = {81},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {1 - 22},
	publisher = {Elsevier},
	organization = {Elsevier},
	abstract = {Since 2012, the scallop fishery in Port au Port Bay, Newfoundland, Canada has experienced a drastic decline, while no decline was observed in adjacent St. George{\textquoteright}s Bay. Local fishermen have raised concerns about an abandoned oil exploration well in the Port au Port Bay. This study investigated the potential impact of petroleum hydrocarbons on sediments and blue mussels [Mytilus edulis] (a proxy organism for scallops) in the area. Sediments from both bays were characterized for their hydrocarbons and compared to potential petroleum hydrocarbon sources. Mussels were analysed for health indices and their 14C content. The results showed that the concentration of hydrocarbons found in the sediments of the fishing ground was within the range of unpolluted marine sediments and that the hydrocarbons present were likely from a mixture of sources. The health indices of the mussels in Port au Port Bay were similar to the health indices of mussels in St. George{\textquoteright}s Bay and the 14C content of the mussels from both bays was modern. These data suggest that the Port au Port fishing ground was not solely contaminated from crude oil leaking from an oil exploration well, that the mussels were not contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons, and that Port au Port mussels were just as healthy as the mussels of St. George{\textquoteright}s Bay. Therefore, whatever caused the scallop decline was most likely scallop- and bay-specific. During this study a fast and efficient method for extracting petroleum hydrocarbons from sediment using accelerated solvent extraction with integrated silica gel was developed.},
	keywords = {Health indices, Hydrocarbon contamination, Mussels, Petroleum, Scallops},
	isbn = {9780128151051},
	issn = {00652881},
	doi = {10.1016/bs.amb.2018.09.003},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S006528811830018Xhttps://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S006528811830018X?httpAccept=text/xmlhttps://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S006528811830018X?httpAccept=text/plain},
	author = {Cook, Melissa C. and May, Adam and Kohl, Lucas and Van Biesen, Geert and Parrish, Christopher C. and Morrill, Penny L.}
}
@article {2887,
	title = {Radiocarbon dating of the old ash of Aiton, Romania},
	journal = {Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Chemia},
	volume = {63},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-10-2020},
	pages = {41 - 47},
	abstract = {The article reports the AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) radiocarbon investigation results of the old common ash of Aiton. Five wood samples were collected from the trunk of the tree. The deepest ends of the samples were analysed by AMS radiocarbon. We found radiocarbon dates between 165 {\textpm} 20 BP and 240 {\textpm} 18 BP, which correspond to calibrated ages of 230 {\textendash} 360 years. These results, combined with a ring counting estimate, indicate an age of 330 {\textpm} 30 years for the ash of Aiton. By this value, the ash of Aiton becomes the oldest known common ash with accurate dating results. {\textcopyright} 2018, Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Catedra de Filosofie Sistematica. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {12247154},
	doi = {10.24193/subbchem.2018.3.03},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328588965_Radiocarbon_dating_of_the_old_ash_of_Aiton_Romania},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Patrut, Roxana T. and Rakosy, Laszlo and Ratiu, Ileana-Andreea and Lowy, Daniel A. and Bodis, Jen{\H o} and von Reden, Karl F.}
}
@article {2738,
	title = {Remobilization of old permafrost carbon to Chukchi Sea sediments during the end of the last deglaciation},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-12-2019},
	abstract = {Climate warming is expected to destabilize permafrost carbon (PF-C) by thaw-erosion and deepening of the seasonally thawed active layer and thereby promote PF-C mineralization to CO2 and CH4. A similar PF-C remobilization might have contributed to the increase in atmospheric CO2 during deglacial warming after the last glacial maximum. Using carbon isotopes and terrestrial biomarkers (Δ14C, δ13C, and lignin phenols), this study quantifies deposition of terrestrial carbon originating from permafrost in sediments from the Chukchi Sea (core SWERUS-L2-4-PC1). The sediment core reconstructs remobilization of permafrost carbon during the late Aller{\o}d warm period starting at 13,000 cal years before present (BP), the Younger Dryas, and the early Holocene warming until 11,000 cal years BP and compares this period with the late Holocene, from 3,650 years BP until present. Dual-carbon-isotope-based source apportionment demonstrates that Ice Complex Deposit{\textemdash}ice- and carbon-rich permafrost from the late Pleistocene (also referred to as Yedoma){\textemdash}was the dominant source of organic carbon (66 {\textpm} 8\%; mean {\textpm} standard deviation) to sediments during the end of the deglaciation, with fluxes more than twice as high (8.0 {\textpm} 4.6 g{\textperiodcentered}m-2{\textperiodcentered}year-1) as in the late Holocene (3.1 {\textpm} 1.0 g{\textperiodcentered}m-2{\textperiodcentered}year-1). These results are consistent with late deglacial PF-C remobilization observed in a Laptev Sea record, yet in contrast with PF-C sources, which at that location were dominated by active layer material from the Lena River watershed. Release of dormant PF-C from erosion of coastal permafrost during the end of the last deglaciation indicates vulnerability of Ice Complex Deposit in response to future warming and sea level changes.},
	keywords = {carbon isotope, climate change feedback, coastal erosion, Deglaciation, past carbon cycling, permafrost},
	issn = {0886-6236},
	doi = {10.1029/2018GB005969},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2018GB005969https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018GB005969https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029\%2F2018GB005969https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018GB005969},
	author = {Martens, Jannik and Wild, Birgit and Pearce, Christof and Tesi, Tommaso and Andersson, August and Broder, Lisa and O{\textquoteright}Regan, Matt and Jakobsson, Martin and Sk{\"o}ld, Martin and Gemery, Laura and Cronin, Thomas M. and Semiletov, Igor and Dudarev, Oleg V. and Gustafsson, {\"O}rjan}
}
@article {2770,
	title = {The rise and fall of an ancient Ad{\'e}lie penguin {\textquoteleft}supercolony{\textquoteright} at Cape Adare, Antarctica},
	journal = {Royal Society Open Science},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-04-2018},
	pages = {172032},
	abstract = {We report new discoveries and radiocarbon dates on active and abandoned Ad{\'e}lie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) colonies at Cape Adare, Antarctica. This colony, first established at approximately 2000 BP (calendar years before present, i.e. 1950), is currently the largest for this species with approximately 338 000 breeding pairs, most located on low-lying Ridley Beach. We hypothesize that this colony first formed after fast ice began blocking open-water access by breeding penguins to the Scott Coast in the southern Ross Sea during a cooling period also at approximately 2000 BP. Our results suggest that the new colony at Cape Adare continued to grow, expanding to a large upper terrace above Ridley Beach, until it exceeded approximately 500 000 breeding pairs (a {\textquoteleft}supercolony{\textquoteright}) by approximately 1200 BP. The high marine productivity associated with the Ross Sea polynya and continental shelf break supported this growth, but the colony collapsed to its present size for unknown reasons after approximately 1200 BP. Ridley Beach will probably be abandoned in the near future due to rising sea level in this region. We predict that penguins will retreat to higher elevations at Cape Adare and that the Scott Coast will be reoccupied by breeding penguins as fast ice continues to dissipate earlier each summer, restoring open-water access to beaches there.},
	keywords = {population movement, Pygoscelis adeliae, Ross Sea, sea level rise, Stable isotopes},
	issn = {2054-5703},
	doi = {10.1098/rsos.172032},
	url = {https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.172032},
	author = {Emslie, Steven D. and McKenzie, Ashley and Patterson, William P.}
}
@article {2851,
	title = {Seafloor fluid seeps on Kimki Ridge, offshore southern California: Links to active strike-slip faulting},
	journal = {Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography},
	volume = {150},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-04-2018},
	pages = {82 - 91},
	abstract = {The Kimki Ridge fluid seeps are located in western Catalina Basin about 60 km southwest of the southern California mainland and at a water depth of approximately 1100 m. Multichannel seismic reflection profiles collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 2014 show acoustic transparency within the Kimki Ridge, suggesting the possibility of fluid seeps and possible sub-seafloor fluid pathways. Subsequent multibeam bathymetric and backscatter intensity data collected during a cooperative University of Washington/USGS cruise in early 2016 show subtle seafloor buildups with high acoustic backscatter (reflectivity) in three places along Kimki Ridge, supporting the existence of fluid seepage. A Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) dive, conducted as part of the Nautilus Exploration Program, took place in August 2016 to confirm the presence of these previously unknown seeps and document their characteristics as well as those of any associated biological communities. Two of the three seeps were explored by ROV, and showed abundant evidence of fluid seepage, including characteristic algal mats, chemosynthetic clams, and authigenic carbonate formation. The seeps are comprised of carbonate buildups 1{\textendash}3 m thick and 300{\textendash}500 m across. Within these areas, we interpret broad crater-like depressions 30{\textendash}50 m across and 1{\textendash}2 m deep to be individual seep vents. The seep areas appear to be broad zones of diffuse seepage that support chemosynthetic biologic communities; however, active venting was not observed. Geochemical analyses of rock samples collected from the seeps indicate microbially driven anaerobic oxidation of methane at or near the sediment water interface. Seismic-reflection profiles show chimney-like fluid pathways along the limbs and in the axis of the fold forming Kimki Ridge, and evidence of methane in shallow sediments can be traced into the adjacent Catalina Basin. A system of closely spaced faults located at the axis of the Kimki Ridge anticline may serve as pathways to allow fluid flow to the seafloor. Our data are consistent with other studies that suggest that transpression is an important component in the formation and localization of fluid seeps in a strike-slip setting, implying that seep formation may be a common occurrence at fault stepovers or transpressional bends in strike-slip systems.},
	keywords = {California Inner Continental Borderland, E/V Nautilus, Faulting, methane, Seepages},
	issn = {09670645},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.11.001},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0967064517301595},
	author = {Conrad, James E. and Prouty, Nancy G. and Walton, Maureen A.L. and Kluesner, Jared W. and Maier, Katherine L. and McGann, Mary and Brothers, Daniel S. and Roland, Emily C. and Dartnell, Peter}
}
@article {2779,
	title = {Tracing biogeochemical subsidies from glacier runoff into Alaska{\textquoteright}s coastal marine food webs},
	journal = {Global Change Biology},
	volume = {24},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-01-2018},
	pages = {387 - 398},
	abstract = {Nearly half of the freshwater discharge into the Gulf of Alaska originates from landscapes draining glacier runoff, but the influence of the influx of riverine organic matter on the trophodynamics of coastal marine food webs is not well understood. We quantified the ecological impact of riverine organic matter subsidies to glacier-marine habitats by developing a multi-trophic level Bayesian three-isotope mixing model. We utilized large gradients in stable (δ13C, δ15N, δ2H) and radiogenic (Δ14C) isotopes that trace riverine and marine organic matter sources as they are passed from lower to higher trophic levels in glacial-marine habitats. We also compared isotope ratios between glacial-marine and more oceanic habitats. Based on isotopic measurements of potential baseline sources, ambient water and tissues of marine consumers, estimates of the riverine organic matter source contribution to upper trophic-level species including fish and seabirds ranged from 12\% to 44\%. Variability in resource use among similar taxa corresponded to variation in species distribution and life histories. For example, riverine organic matter assimilation by the glacier-nesting seabirds Kittlitz{\textquoteright}s murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris) was greater than that of the forest-nesting marbled murrelet (B. marmoratus). The particulate and dissolved organic carbon in glacial runoff and near surface coastal waters was aged (12100{\textendash}1500 years BP 14C-age) but dissolved inorganic carbon and biota in coastal waters were young (530 years BP 14C-age to modern). Thus terrestrial-derived subsidies in marine food webs were primarily composed of young organic matter sources released from glacier ecosystems and their surrounding watersheds. Stable isotope compositions also revealed a divergence in food web structure between glacial-marine and oceanic sites. This work demonstrates linkages between terrestrial and marine ecosystems, and facilitates a greater understanding of how climate-driven changes in freshwater runoff have the potential to alter food web dynamics within coastal marine ecosystems in Alaska.},
	keywords = {Bayesian isotope mixing model, glacier runoff, marine ecosystem, marine food web, δ13C, Δ14C, δ15N, δ2H},
	doi = {10.1111/gcb.2018.24.issue-110.1111/gcb.13875},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/gcb.13875},
	author = {Arimitsu, Mayumi L. and Hobson, Keith A. and Webber, D{\textquoteright}Arcy N. and Piatt, John F. and Hood, Eran W. and Fellman, Jason B.}
}
@article {2826,
	title = {Unifying Concepts Linking Dissolved Organic Matter Composition to Persistence in Aquatic EcosystemsUnifying Concepts Linking Dissolved Organic Matter Composition to Persistence in Aquatic Ecosystems},
	journal = {Environmental Science \& Technology},
	volume = {52},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jun-03-2018},
	pages = {2538 - 2548},
	abstract = {The link between composition and reactivity of dissolved organic matter (DOM) is central to understanding the role aquatic systems play in the global carbon cycle; yet, unifying concepts driving molecular composition have yet to be established. We characterized 37 DOM isolates from diverse aquatic ecosystems, including their stable and radiocarbon isotopes (δ13C-dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and Δ14C-DOC), optical properties (absorbance and fluorescence), and molecular composition (ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry). Isolates encompassed end-members of allochthonous and autochthonous DOM from sites across the United States, the Pacific Ocean, and Antarctic lakes. Modern Δ14C-DOC and optical properties reflecting increased aromaticity, such as carbon specific UV absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA254), were directly related to polyphenolic and polycyclic aromatic compounds, whereas enriched δ13C-DOC and optical properties reflecting autochthonous end-members were positively correlated to more aliphatic compounds. Furthermore, the two sets of autochthonous end-members (Pacific Ocean and Antarctic lakes) exhibited distinct molecular composition due to differences in extent of degradation. Across all sites and end-members studied, we find a consistent shift in composition with aging, highlighting the persistence of certain biomolecules concurrent with degradation time.},
	issn = {0013-936X},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.est.7b0551310.1021/acs.est.7b05513.s001},
	url = {https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.7b05513},
	author = {Kellerman, Anne M. and Guillemette, Fran{\c c}ois and Podgorski, David C. and Aiken, George R. and Butler, Kenna D. and Spencer, Robert G. M.}
}
@article {2740,
	title = {The 3.6 ka Aniakchak tephra in the Arctic Ocean: a constraint on the Holocene radiocarbon reservoir age in the Chukchi Sea},
	journal = {Climate of the Past},
	volume = {13},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-01-2017},
	pages = {303 - 316},
	abstract = {The caldera-forming eruption of the Aniakchak volcano in the Aleutian Range on the Alaskan Peninsula at 3.6 cal kyr BP was one of the largest Holocene eruptions worldwide. The resulting ash is found as a visible sediment layer in several Alaskan sites and as a cryptotephra on Newfoundland and Greenland. This large geographic distribution, combined with the fact that the eruption is relatively well constrained in time using radiocarbon dating of lake sediments and annual layer counts in ice cores, makes it an excellent stratigraphic marker for dating and correlating mid{\textendash}late Holocene sediment and paleoclimate records. This study presents the outcome of a targeted search for the Aniakchak tephra in a marine sediment core from the Arctic Ocean, namely Core SWERUS-L2-2-PC1 (2PC), raised from 57 m water depth in Herald Canyon, western Chukchi Sea. High concentrations of tephra shards, with a geochemical signature matching that of Aniakchak ash, were observed across a more than 1.5 m long sediment sequence. Since the primary input of volcanic ash is through atmospheric transport, and assuming that bioturbation can account for mixing up to ca. 10 cm of the marine sediment deposited at the coring site, the broad signal is interpreted as sustained reworking at the sediment source input. The isochron is therefore placed at the base of the sudden increase in tephra concentrations rather than at the maximum concentration. This interpretation of major reworking is strengthened by analysis of grain size distribution which points to ice rafting as an important secondary transport mechanism of volcanic ash. Combined with radiocarbon dates on mollusks in the same sediment core, the volcanic marker is used to calculate a marine radiocarbon reservoir age offset ΔR = 477 {\textpm} 60 years. This relatively high value may be explained by the major influence of typically "carbon-old" Pacific waters, and it agrees well with recent estimates of ΔR along the northwest Alaskan coast, possibly indicating stable oceanographic conditions during the second half of the Holocene. Our use of a volcanic absolute age marker to obtain the marine reservoir age offset is the first of its kind in the Arctic Ocean and provides an important framework for improving chronologies and correlating marine sediment archives in this region. Core 2PC has a high sediment accumulation rate averaging 200 cm kyr throughout the last 4000 years, and the chronology presented here provides a solid base for high-resolution reconstructions of late Holocene climate and ocean variability in the Chukchi Sea.},
	doi = {10.5194/cp-13-303-2017},
	url = {https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/13/303/2017/},
	author = {Pearce, Christof and Varhelyi, Aron and Wasteg{\r a}rd, Stefan and Muschitiello, Francesco and Barrientos, Natalia and O{\textquoteright}Regan, Matt and Cronin, Thomas M. and Gemery, Laura and Semiletov, Igor and Backman, Jan and Jakobsson, Martin}
}
@article {2599,
	title = {African Baobabs with a Very Large Number of Stems and False Stems: Radiocarbon Investigation of the Baobab of Warang},
	journal = {Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Chemia},
	volume = {62},
	year = {2017},
	month = {May-03-2018},
	pages = {111 - 120},
	abstract = {The article presents the AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) radiocarbon dating results of the baobab of Warang, Senegal. The investigation of the baobab revealed that it consists of 18 partially fused stems, which represents the largest number of stems reported for an African baobab. Three stems build the ring that closes a false cavity, while 15 stems grow outside the ring. Seven wood samples were collected from the false cavity and from the outer part of other stems. The dating results evinced that the stems belong to four different generations, out of which the first generation is around 500 years old. We also documented the presence of false stems, which emerge from a large adjacent stem, are triangular in horizontal section and act as an anchor. The baobab of Warang possesses 12 ordinary stems and 6 false stems.},
	keywords = {Adansonia digitata, Age determination, AMS radiocarbon dating, inner cavity, multiple stems, tropical trees},
	issn = {12247154},
	doi = {10.24193/subbchem10.24193/subbchem.2017.110.24193/subbchem.2017.1.09},
	url = {http://chem.ubbcluj.ro/~studiachemia/http://chem.ubbcluj.ro/~studiachemia/chemia2017_1.htmlhttp://www.chem.ubbcluj.ro/~studiachemia/issues/chemia2017_1/09Patrut_etal_111_120.pdf},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Garnaud, {\'e}bastien and Ka, Oumar and Patrut, Roxana T. and Diagne, Tomas and Lowy, Daniel A. and Forizs, Edit and Bodis, {\H o} and von Reden, Karl F.}
}
@article {2603,
	title = {Age Constraints on Gulf of Mexico Deep Water Ventilation as Determined by 14C MeasurementsAbstract},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jun-09-2018},
	pages = {1 - 16},
	abstract = {While the exchange of water through Yucatan Strait is reasonably well known, the age of the deep water in both the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico is not. We recently measured the radiocarbon (14C) concentrations in deep water in the Gulf of Mexico from a line of stations along 90{\textdegree}30'W. The mean apparent age of water below 900 m, the depth of the Florida Strait sill, was found to be about 740 yr relative to the 1950 14C standard. Depending on how the corrections for biological activity in the upper water are applied, this converts to a {\textquotedblleft}true{\textquotedblright} age of between 231 {\textpm} 28 and 293 {\textpm} 74 yr. These ages agree with a previous estimate of the age of the deep water in the Gulf of Mexico based on heat flows, put upper limits on the age of the deep water in the Caribbean Sea, and provide constraints on modelers for the return of deep water from the Gulf of Mexico to the Caribbean. This might be important in the event of a future deep water oil or other chemical spill in the region.},
	keywords = {Gulf of Mexico, radiocarbon AMS dating, water},
	issn = {0033-8222},
	doi = {10.1017/RDC.2017.80},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033822217000807/type/journal_articlehttps://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0033822217000807},
	author = {Chapman, Piers and DiMarco, Steven F and Key, Robert M and Previti, Connie and Yvon-Lewis, Shari}
}
@article {2818,
	title = {Analysis of piston cores and high-resolution sub-bottom profiler data, Baffin Bay slope, Nunavut},
	year = {2017},
	abstract = {Preface This Open File report summarizes a set of 20 piston cores, up to 822 cm long, taken from the continental slope of Baffin Bay, Canada, in water depths between 833 and 1715 m. It provides down-core lithostratigraphy, physical properties measurements, core photography and core X-radiography, in addition to high-resolution seismic data over most core sites, selected grain size data and portable X-ray fluorescence data. Preliminary along-slope correlation between cores and AMS radiocarbon ages are also provided. Further information on these cores is available through the Expedition Database at http://ed.gdr.nrcan.gc.ca/index_e.php Acknowledgments We thank Dan Meagher, Jesse Sherwin and Meaghan MacQuarrie for assistance with core processing and core logging and Jessica Parkinson and Simon Poirier for core data compilation. Owen Brown completed grain size analyses and Linda Fan assisted with these analyses and plotted the grain size data.We also thank Kate Jarrett for assistance with core subsampling.},
	doi = {10.4095/300835},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333259233_Analysis_of_piston_cores_and_high-resolution_sub-bottom_profiler_data_Baffin_Bay_slope_Nunavut},
	author = {Campbell, D C and Jenner, K A and Higgins, J and Piper, D J W}
}
@article {2602,
	title = {Biological and physical controls on the flux and characteristics of sinking particles on the Northwest Atlantic margin},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans},
	volume = {122},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-06-2017},
	pages = {4539 - 4553},
	abstract = {Biogenic matter characteristics and radiocarbon contents of organic carbon (OC) were examined on sinking particle samples intercepted at
three nominal depths of 1000 m, 2000 m, and 3000 m (similar to 50 m above the seafloor) during a 3 year sediment trap program on the New England slope in the Northwest Atlantic. We have sought to characterize the sources of sinking particles in the context of vertical export of biogenic particles from the overlying water column and lateral supply of resuspended sediment particles from adjacent margin sediments. High aluminum (Al) abundances and low OC radiocarbon contents indicated contributions from resuspended sediment which was greatest at 3000 m but also significant at shallower depths. The benthic source (i.e., laterally supplied resuspended sediment) of opal appears negligible based on the absence of a correlation with Al fluxes. In comparison, CaCO3 fluxes at 3000 m showed a positive correlation with Al fluxes. Benthic sources accounted for 42 similar to 63\% of the sinking particle flux based on radiocarbon mass balance and the relationship between Al flux and CaCO3 flux. Episodic pulses of Al at 3000 m were significantly correlated with the near-bottom current at a nearby hydrographic mooring site, implying the importance of current variability in lateral particle transport. However, Al fluxes at 1000 m and 2000 m were coherent but differed from those at 3000 m, implying more than one mode of lateral supply of particles in the water column.},
	doi = {10.1002/jgrc.v122.610.1002/2016JC012549},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/jgrc.v122.6http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/2016JC012549http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1002/2016JC012549/fullpdfhttps://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002\%2F2016JC012549},
	author = {Hwang, Jeomshik and Manganini, Steven J. and Park, JongJin and {\c c}on, Daniel B. and Toole, John M. and Eglinton, Timothy I.}
}
@article {2882,
	title = {Carbon geochemistry of plankton-dominated samples in the Laptev and East Siberian shelves: contrasts in suspended particle composition},
	journal = {Ocean Science},
	volume = {13},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-01-2017},
	pages = {735 - 748},
	abstract = {Recent Arctic studies suggest that sea ice decline and permafrost thawing will affect phytoplankton dynamics and stimulate heterotrophic communities. However, in what way the plankton composition will change as the warming proceeds remains elusive. Here we investigate the chemical signature of the plankton-dominated fraction of particulate organic matter (POM) collected along the Siberian Shelf. POM (> 10 {\textmu}m) samples were analysed using molecular biomarkers (CuO oxidation and IP25) and dual-carbon isotopes (δ13C and Δ14C). In addition, surface water chemical properties were integrated with the POM (> 10 {\textmu}m) dataset to understand the link between plankton composition and environmental conditions.

δ13C and Δ14C exhibited a large variability in the POM (> 10 {\textmu}m) distribution while the content of terrestrial biomarkers in the POM was negligible. In the Laptev Sea (LS), δ13C and Δ14C of POM (> 10 {\textmu}m) suggested a heterotrophic environment in which dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from the Lena River was the primary source of metabolisable carbon. Within the Lena plume, terrestrial DOC probably became part of the food web via bacteria uptake and subsequently transferred to relatively other heterotrophic communities (e.g. dinoflagellates). Moving eastwards toward the sea-ice-dominated East Siberian Sea (ESS), the system became progressively more autotrophic. Comparison between δ13C of POM (> 10 {\textmu}m) samples and CO2aq concentrations revealed that the carbon isotope fractionation increased moving towards the easternmost and most productive stations.

In a warming scenario characterised by enhanced terrestrial DOC release (thawing permafrost) and progressive sea ice decline, heterotrophic conditions might persist in the LS while the nutrient-rich Pacific inflow will likely stimulate greater primary productivity in the ESS. The contrasting trophic conditions will result in a sharp gradient in δ13C between the LS and ESS, similar to what is documented in our semi-synoptic study.},
	doi = {10.5194/os-13-735-2017},
	url = {https://os.copernicus.org/articles/13/735/2017/},
	author = {Tesi, Tommaso and Geibel, Marc C. and Pearce, Christof and Panova, Elena and Vonk, Jorien E. and Karlsson, Emma and Salvado, Joan A. and Krus{\r a}, Martin and Broder, Lisa and Humborg, Christoph and Semiletov, Igor and Gustafsson, {\"O}rjan}
}
@article {2741,
	title = {The De Long Trough: a newly discovered glacial trough on the East Siberian continental margin},
	journal = {Climate of the Past},
	volume = {13},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-01-2017},
	pages = {1269 - 1284},
	abstract = {Ice sheets extending over parts of the East Siberian continental shelf have been proposed for the last glacial period and during the larger Pleistocene glaciations. The sparse data available over this sector of the Arctic Ocean have left the timing, extent and even existence of these ice sheets largely unresolved. Here we present new geophysical mapping and sediment coring data from the East Siberian shelf and slope collected during the 2014 SWERUS-C3 expedition (SWERUS-C3: Swedish {\textendash} Russian {\textendash} US Arctic Ocean Investigation of Climate-Cryosphere-Carbon Interactions). The multibeam bathymetry and chirp sub-bottom profiles reveal a set of glacial landforms that include grounding zone formations along the outer continental shelf, seaward of which lies a  >  65 m thick sequence of glacio-genic debris flows. The glacial landforms are interpreted to lie at the seaward end of a glacial trough {\textendash} the first to be reported on the East Siberian margin, here referred to as the De Long Trough because of its location due north of the De Long Islands. Stratigraphy and dating of sediment cores show that a drape of acoustically laminated sediments covering the glacial deposits is older than \~{} 50 cal kyr BP. This provides direct evidence for extensive glacial activity on the Siberian shelf that predates the Last Glacial Maximum and most likely occurred during the Saalian (Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6).},
	doi = {10.5194/cp-13-1269-2017},
	url = {https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/13/1269/2017/},
	author = {O{\textquoteright}Regan, Matt and Backman, Jan and Barrientos, Natalia and Cronin, Thomas M. and Gemery, Laura and Kirchner, Nina and Mayer, Larry A. and Nilsson, Johan and Noormets, Riko and Pearce, Christof and Semiletov, Igor and Stranne, Christian and Jakobsson, Martin}
}
@article {2739,
	title = {Deglacial sea level history of the East Siberian Sea and Chukchi Sea margins},
	journal = {Climate of the Past},
	volume = {13},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-01-2017},
	pages = {1097 - 1110},
	abstract = {Deglacial (12.8{\textendash}10.7 ka) sea level history on the East Siberian continental shelf and upper continental slope was reconstructed using new geophysical records and sediment cores taken during Leg 2 of the 2014 SWERUS-C3 expedition. The focus of this study is two cores from Herald Canyon, piston core SWERUS-L2-4-PC1 (4-PC1) and multicore SWERUS-L2-4-MC1 (4-MC1), and a gravity core from an East Siberian Sea transect, SWERUS-L2-20-GC1 (20-GC1). Cores 4-PC1 and 20-GC were taken at 120 and 115 m of modern water depth, respectively, only a few meters above the global last glacial maximum (LGM;  \~{}  24 kiloannum or ka) minimum sea level of  \~{}  125{\textendash}130 meters below sea level (m b.s.l.). Using calibrated radiocarbon ages mainly on molluscs for chronology and the ecology of benthic foraminifera and ostracode species to estimate paleodepths, the data reveal a dominance of river-proximal species during the early part of the Younger Dryas event (YD, Greenland Stadial GS-1) followed by a rise in river-intermediate species in the late Younger Dryas or the early Holocene (Preboreal) period. A rapid relative sea level rise beginning at roughly 11.4 to 10.8 ka ( \~{}  400 cm of core depth) is indicated by a sharp faunal change and unconformity or condensed zone of sedimentation. Regional sea level at this time was about 108 m b.s.l. at the 4-PC1 site and 102 m b.s.l. at 20-GC1. Regional sea level near the end of the YD was up to 42{\textendash}47 m lower than predicted by geophysical models corrected for glacio-isostatic adjustment. This discrepancy could be explained by delayed isostatic adjustment caused by a greater volume and/or geographical extent of glacial-age land ice and/or ice shelves in the western Arctic Ocean and adjacent Siberian land areas.},
	doi = {10.5194/cp-13-1097-2017},
	url = {https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/13/1097/2017/},
	author = {Cronin, Thomas M. and O{\textquoteright}Regan, Matt and Pearce, Christof and Gemery, Laura and Toomey, Michael and Semiletov, Igor and Jakobsson, Martin}
}
@article {2815,
	title = {The distribution and utility of sea-level indicators in Eurasian sub-Arctic salt marshes (White Sea, Russia)},
	journal = {Boreas},
	volume = {46},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-07-2017},
	pages = {562 - 584},
	abstract = {In support of efforts to reconstruct relative sea level (RSL), we investigated the utility of foraminifera, diatoms and bulk-sediment geochemistry (δ13C, C:N and parameters measured by Rock-Eval pyrolysis) as sea-level indicators in Eurasian sub-Arctic salt marshes. At three salt marshes (<15 km apart) in Dvina Bay (White Sea, Russia), we collected surface sediment samples along transects from subtidal to Taiga forest environments. Foraminifera at all sites formed bipartite assemblages, where elevations below mean high higher water (MHHW) were dominated by Miliammina spp. and elevations between MHHW and the highest occurrence of foraminifera were dominated by Jadammina macrescens and Balticammina pseudomacrescens. Five high-diversity groups of diatoms were identified and they displayed pronounced variability amongst the study sites. Bulk-sediment geochemistry recognized two groups (clastic-dominated environments below MHHW and organic-rich environments above MHHW). As one group included subtidal elevations and the other included supratidal elevations, we conclude that the measured geochemical parameters are not stand-alone sea-level indicators. Core JT2012 captured a regressive sediment succession of clastic, tidal-flat sediment overlain by salt-marsh organic silt and freshwater peat. The salt-marsh sediment accumulated at 2804{\textpm}52 years before present and preserved foraminifera (Jadammina macrescens and Balticammina pseudomacrescens) with good analogy to modern assemblages indicating that RSL was +2.60{\textpm}0.47 m at this time. Diatoms confirm that marine influence decreased through time, but the lack of analogy between modern and core assemblages limited their utility as sea-level indicators. Geochemical parameters also indicate a reduction in marine influence through time. We conclude that RSL reconstructions derived from salt-marsh sediment preserved beneath Eurasian sub-Arctic peatlands can provide valuable insight into the spatio-temporal evolution of the Fennoscandian and Eurasian ice sheets.},
	doi = {10.1111/bor.2017.46.issue-310.1111/bor.12233},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bor.12233},
	author = {Kemp, Andrew C. and Horton, Benjamin P. and Nikitina, Daria and Vane, Christopher H. and Potapova, Marina and Weber-Bruya, Elizabeth and Culver, Stephen J. and Repkina, Tatyana and Hill, David F.}
}
@article {2885,
	title = {Final Radiocarbon Investigation of Platland Tree, the Biggest African Baobab},
	journal = {Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Chemia},
	volume = {62},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Apr-06-2018},
	pages = {347 - 354},
	abstract = {The article discloses the main results of our new investigation of Platland tree, a.k.a. Sunland baobab, the largest known African baobab. Our recent research was motivated by the three successive splits of 2016 and 2017, which determined the collapse and demise of the stems that have built the main unit of the tree. According to our new findings concerning the architecture of large and old baobabs, we established that Platland tree has a double closed-ring shaped structure and consists of two units/rings that close two separate false cavities. The larger unit was composed of five fused stems, out of which four toppled and died, while the fifth stem is already broken. The smaller unit, which is still standing, consists of three fused stems. We also determined that the larger unit had an age of 800 yr, while the smaller unit is 1100 yr old.},
	issn = {12247154},
	doi = {10.24193/subbchem.2017.2.27},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318354222_Final_Radiocarbon_Investigation_of_Platland_Tree_the_Biggest_African_Baobab},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Woodborne, Stephan and Patrut, Roxana T. and Rakosy, Laszlo and Hall, Grant and Ratiu, Ileana-Andreea and von Reden, Karl F.}
}
@article {2450,
	title = {The Growth Stop Phenomenon Of Baobabs (Adansonia Spp.) Identified By Radiocarbon DatingAbstract},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {59504754164661},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-04-2017},
	pages = {435 - 448},
	abstract = {The article reports the growth stop phenomenon, which was documented only for baobabs, i.e. for trees belonging to the Adansonia genus. The identification of growth stop was enabled by radiocarbon dating, which allows a complex investigation of samples collected from the trunk/stems of baobabs. In several cases, the outermost rings of baobabs, which were close to the bark, were found to be old, with ages of several hundreds of years, instead of being very young. Dating results of samples collected from six baobabs are presented. For multistemmed baobabs, the growth stop may occur only for one or several stems. We identified four factors that may induce the growth stop: (i) stress determined by severe climate conditions, (ii) old age, (iii) the need to keep a stable internal architecture, and (iv) the collapse of stems that survive this trauma. Baobabs and their stems affected by growth stop may survive for several centuries, by continuing to produce leaves, flowers, and fruits. This phenomenon was associated with the capacity of baobabs to store large amounts of water in their trunks/stems in the rainy season. This reservoir of water is used during the dry season and allows the trees to survive prolonged drought periods.},
	keywords = {Age determination, AMS, growth stop, Radiocarbon dating, tropical trees},
	issn = {0033-8222},
	doi = {10.1017/RDC.2016.92},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033822216000928/type/journal_articlehttps://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0033822216000928},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Woodborne, Stephan and von Reden, Karl F and Hall, Grant and Patrut, Roxana T and Rakosy, Laszlo and Danthu, Pascal and Pock-Tsy, Jean-Michel Leong and Lowy, Daniel A and Margineanu, Dragos}
}
@article {2528,
	title = {A high resolution record of rare earth element compositional changes from the mud deposit on the inner shelf of the East China Sea: Implications for paleoenvironmental changes},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-01-2017},
	abstract = {A paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the East China Sea (ECS) is presented using rare earth element (REE) analysis of sediments from Core MZ02, which was retrieved from the inner continental shelf{\textquoteright}s mud area. The analytic results show that the total REEs in the fine sediment vary between 137.76 μg/g and 231.53 μg/g with an average value of 187.69 μg/g. Obvious changes were found during the process of sedimentation. By comparing with the REE compositions from the potential provenances, the ratios of (La/Sm)ucc and (Gd/Yb)ucc revealed that the sediments were mainly derived from river detrital outputs of the Changjiang (Yangtze River), Minjiang and mountainous rivers from western Taiwan Island. The contributions of terrestrial materials from these three main provenances were controlled by sea level change and the Taiwan Warm Current (TWC)-Chinese Coastal Current (CCC) system, which is mainly driven by the East Asian monsoon. The high sedimentation rate during the transgression period between the late Pleistocene and early Holocene (13000{\textendash}9800 a B.P.) was caused by a well-proportioned mixed provenance from Changjiang, western Taiwanese rivers and Minjiang sediments, due to the lower sea level and the location of the foreshore-nearshore face. Because of the stronger sediment reworking and erosion at the shelf edge during the early Holocene (9800{\textendash}7300 a B.P.), the strengthening summer East Asian monsoon transported the Minjiang and western Taiwanese river material northeastward, and it became the main sediment source for fine sediments in the shallow sea region of the ECS, while the Changjiang provided a relatively minor amount of detrital sediment to the shelf. The increasing strength of the TWC might have played an important role in sediment dispersal and deposition on the ECS inner shelf during the period 7300{\textendash}3500 a B.P., thus mountainous river material became the dominant sediment on the shelf of the ECS. Furthermore, the results indicate that the East Asian monsoon and the weakening of the TWC were linked to an abrupt increase in Changjiang-derived terrigenous detritus material since 3500 a B.P.; the source and sink pattern during this period is consistent with the modern sedimentation environment.},
	keywords = {East China Sea, Mud deposit, Paleoenvironmental, Provenance, Rare earth element, Sediment},
	issn = {10406182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2016.09.056},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2016.09.056},
	author = {Mi, Beibei and Liu, Shengfa and Shi, Xuefa and Li, Xiaoyan and Pan, Hui-Juan and Chen, Min-Te and Wang, Xuchen}
}
@article {2852,
	title = {Investigation of Late Pleistocene and Holocene Activity in the San Gregorio Fault Zone on the Continental Slope North of Monterey Canyon, Offshore Central California},
	journal = {Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America},
	volume = {107},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jun-06-2019},
	pages = {1094 - 1106},
	abstract = {We provide an extensive high-resolution geophysical, sediment core, and radiocarbon dataset to address late Pleistocene and Holocene fault activity of the San Gregorio fault zone (SGFZ), offshore central California. The SGFZ occurs primarily offshore in the San Andreas fault system and has been accommodating dextral strike-slip motion between the Pacific and North American plates since the mid-Miocene. Our study focuses on the SGFZ where it has been mapped through the continental slope north of Monterey Canyon. From 2009 to 2015, the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute collected high-resolution multibeam bathymetry and chirp sub-bottom profiles using an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). Targeted samples were collected using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to provide radiocarbon age constraints. We integrate the high-resolution geophysical data with radiocarbon dates to reveal Pleistocene seismic horizons vertically offset less than 5 m on nearly vertical faults. These faults are buried by continuous reflections deposited after \~{}17.5  ka and likely following erosion during the last sea-level lowstand \~{}21  ka⁠, bracketing the age of faulting to \~{}32{\textendash}21  ka⁠. Clearly faulted horizons are only detected in a small area where mass wasting exhumed older strata to within \~{}25  m of the seafloor. The lack of clearly faulted Holocene deposits and possible highly distributed faulting in the study area are consistent with previous interpretations that late Pleistocene and Holocene activity along the SGFZ may decrease to the south. This study illustrates the complexity of the SGFZ, offshore central California, and demonstrates the utility of very high-resolution data from combined AUV (geophysical){\textendash}ROV (seabed sampling) surveys in offshore studies of fault activity.},
	issn = {0037-1106},
	doi = {10.1785/0120160261},
	url = {https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/bssa/article/107/3/1094-1106/354203},
	author = {Maier, Katherine L. and Paull, Charles K. and Brothers, Daniel S. and Caress, David W. and McGann, Mary and Lundsten, Eve M. and Anderson, Krystle and Gwiazda, Roberto}
}
@article {2865,
	title = {Open-File ReportOpen-File ReportDeepwater Program: Lophelia II, continuing ecological research on deep-sea corals and deep-reef habitats in the Gulf of Mexico},
	year = {2017},
	abstract = {The deep sea is a rich environment composed of diverse habitat types. While deep-sea coral habitats have been discovered within each ocean basin, knowledge about the ecology of these habitats and associated inhabitants continues to grow. This report presents information and results from the Lophelia II project that examined deep-sea coral habitats in the Gulf of Mexico. The Lophelia II project focused on Lophelia pertusa habitats along the continental slope, at depths ranging from 300 to 1,000 meters. The chapters are authored by several scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, University of North Carolina Wilmington, and Florida State University who examined the community ecology (from microbes to fishes), deep-sea coral age, growth, and reproduction, and population connectivity of deep-sea corals and inhabitants. Data from these studies are presented in the chapters and appendixes of the report as well as in journal publications. This study was conducted by the Ecosystems Mission Area of the U.S. Geological Survey to meet information needs identified by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management.},
	doi = {10.3133/ofr20171139},
	url = {http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20171139},
	author = {Demopoulos, Amanda W.J. and Ross, Steve W. and Kellogg, Christina A. and Morrison, Cheryl L. and Nizinski, Martha S. and Prouty, Nancy G. and Bourque, Jill R. and Galkiewicz, Julie P. and Gray, Michael A. and Springmann, Marcus J. and Coykendall, D. Katharine and Miller, Andrew and Rhode, Mike and Quattrini, Andrea and Ames, Cheryl L. and Brooke, Sandra D. and McClain-Counts, Jennifer P. and Roark, E. Brendan and Buster, Noreen A. and Phillips, Ryan M. and Frometa, Janessy}
}
@article {2598,
	title = {Paleohydrology of China Lake basin and the context of early human occupation in the northwestern Mojave Desert, USA},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {167},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-07-2017},
	pages = {112 - 139},
	abstract = {Considerable prior research has focused on the interconnected pluvial basins of Owens Lake and Searles Lake, resulting in a long record of paleohydrological change in the lower Owens River system. However, the published record is poorly resolved or contradictory for the period encompassing the terminal Pleistocene (22,000 to 11,600 cal BP) and early Holocene (11,600-8200 cal BP). This has resulted in conflicting interpretations about the timing of lacustrine high stands within the intermediate basin of China Lake, which harbors one of the most extensive records of early human occupation in the western Great Basin and California. Here, we report a broad range of radiocarbon-dated paleoenvironmental evidence, including lacustrine deposits and shoreline features, tufa outcrops, and mollusk, ostracode, and fish bone assemblages, as well as spring and other groundwater-related deposits (a.k.a. "black mats") from throughout China Lake basin, its outlet, and inflow drainages. Based on 98 radiocarbon dates, we develop independent evidence for five significant lake-level oscillations between 18,000 and 13,000 cal BP, and document the persistence of groundwater-fed wetlands from the beginning of the Younger Dryas through the early Holocene (12,900-8200 cal BP); including the transition from ground-water fed lake to freshwater marsh between about 13,000 and 12,600 cal BP. Results of this study support and refine existing evidence that shows rapid, high-amplitude oscillations in the water balance of the Owens River system during the terminal Pleistocene, and suggest widespread human use of China Lake basin began during the Younger Dryas.},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.04.023},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S027737911630676Xhttp://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S027737911630676X?httpAccept=text/xmlhttp://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S027737911630676X?httpAccept=text/plain},
	author = {Rosenthal, Jeffrey S. and Meyer, Jack and Palacios-Fest, Manuel R. and Young, D. Craig and Ugan, Andrew and Byrd, Brian F. and Gobalet, Ken and Giacomo, Jason}
}
@article {2698,
	title = {Permafrost Organic Carbon Mobilization From the Watershed to the Colville River Delta: Evidence From 14C Ramped Pyrolysis and Lignin Biomarkers},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {44},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Apr-11-2019},
	pages = {11,491 - 11,500},
	abstract = {The deposition of terrestrial-derived permafrost particulate organic carbon (POC) has been recorded in major Arctic river deltas. However, associated transport pathways of permafrost POC from the watershed to the coast have not been well constrained. Here we utilized a combination of ramped pyrolysis-oxidation radiocarbon analysis (RPO 14C) along with lignin biomarkers, to track the linkages between soils and river and delta sediments. Surface and deep soils showed distinct RPO thermographs which may be related to degradation and organo-mineral interaction. Soil material in the bed load of the river channel was mostly derived from deep old permafrost. Both surface and deep soils were transported and deposited to the coast. Hydrodynamic sorting and barrier island protection played important roles in terrestrial-derived permafrost POC deposition near the coast. On a large scale, ice processes (e.g., ice gauging and strudel scour) and ocean currents controlled the transport and distribution of permafrost POC on the Beaufort Shelf.},
	keywords = {Arctic, carbon cycling, Colville River, Lignin, permafrost, pyrolysis},
	issn = {0094-8276},
	doi = {10.1002/grl.v44.2210.1002/2017GL075543},
	url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2017GL075543},
	author = {Zhang, Xiaowen and Bianchi, Thomas S. and Cui, Xingqian and Rosenheim, Brad E. and Ping, Chien-Lu and Hanna, Andrea J. M. and Kanevskiy, Mikhail and Schreiner, Kathryn M. and Allison, Mead A.}
}
@article {2862,
	title = {A probabilistic method of assessing carbon accumulation rate at Imnavait Creek Peatland, Arctic Long Term Ecological Research Station, Alaska},
	journal = {Journal of Quaternary Science},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-07-2017},
	pages = {579 - 586},
	abstract = {Arctic peatlands are an important part of the global carbon cycle, accumulating atmospheric carbon as organic matter since the Late glacial. Current methods for understanding the changing efficiency of the peatland carbon sink rely on peatlands with an undisturbed stratigraphy. Here we present a method of estimating primary carbon accumulation rate from a site where permafrost processes have either vertically or horizontally translocated nearby carbon-rich sediment out of stratigraphic order. Briefly, our new algorithm estimates the probability of the age of deposition of a random increment of sediment in the core. The method assumes that if sediment age is measured at even depth increments, dates are more likely to occur during intervals of higher accumulation rate and vice versa. Multiplying estimated sedimentation rate by measured carbon density yields carbon accumulation rate. We perform this analysis at the Imnavait Creek Peatland, near the Arctic Long Term Ecological Research network site at Toolik Lake, Alaska. Using classical radiocarbon age modeling, we find unreasonably high rates of carbon accumulation at various Holocene intervals. With our new method, we find accumulation rate changes that are in improved agreement within the context of other sites throughout Alaska and the rest of the Circum-Arctic region.},
	keywords = {carbon accumulation, Imnavait, peatlands, permafrost, radiocarbon, Toolik LTER},
	doi = {10.1002/jqs.2952},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jqs.2952},
	author = {Nichols, Jonathan E. and Peteet, Dorothy M. and Frolking, Steve and Karavias, John}
}
@article {2850,
	title = {Records of continental slope sediment flow morphodynamic responses to gradient and active faulting from integrated AUV and ROV data, offshore Palos Verdes, southern California Borderland},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {393},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-11-2017},
	pages = {47 - 66},
	abstract = {Variations in seabed gradient are widely acknowledged to influence deep-water deposition, but are often difficult to measure in sufficient detail from both modern and ancient examples. On the continental slope offshore Los Angeles, California, autonomous underwater vehicle, remotely operated vehicle, and shipboard methods were used to collect a dense grid of high-resolution multibeam bathymetry, chirp sub-bottom profiles, and targeted sediment core samples that demonstrate the influence of seafloor gradient on sediment accumulation, depositional environment, grain size of deposits, and seafloor morphology. In this setting, restraining and releasing bends along the active right-lateral Palos Verdes Fault create and maintain variations in seafloor gradient. Holocene down-slope flows appear to have been generated by slope failure, primarily on the uppermost slope (~ 100{\textendash}200 m water depth). Turbidity currents created a low relief (< 10 m) channel, up-slope migrating sediment waves (λ = ~ 100 m, h <= 2 m), and a series of depocenters that have accumulated up to 4 m of Holocene sediment. Sediment waves increase in wavelength and decrease in wave height with decreasing gradient. Integrated analysis of high-resolution datasets provides quantification of morphodynamic sensitivity to seafloor gradients acting throughout deep-water depositional systems. These results help to bridge gaps in scale between existing deep-sea and experimental datasets and may provide constraints for future numerical modeling studies.},
	keywords = {Deep-water channel, Gradient, Holocene, Sediment waves, Turbidite Fault},
	issn = {00253227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2016.10.001},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0025322716302304},
	author = {Maier, Katherine L. and Brothers, Daniel S. and Paull, Charles K. and McGann, Mary and Caress, David W. and Conrad, James E.}
}
@article {2829,
	title = {Relative sea-level trends in New York City during the past 1500 years},
	journal = {The Holocene},
	volume = {27},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Sep-08-2017},
	pages = {1169 - 1186},
	abstract = {New York City (NYC) is threatened by 21st-century relative sea-level (RSL) rise because it will experience a trend that exceeds the global mean and has high concentrations of low-lying infrastructure and socioeconomic activity. To provide a long-term context for anticipated trends, we reconstructed RSL change during the past ~1500 years using a core of salt-marsh sediment from Pelham Bay in The Bronx. Foraminifera and bulk-sediment δ13C values were used as sea-level indicators. The history of sediment accumulation was established by radiocarbon dating and recognition of pollution and land-use trends of known age in down-core elemental, isotopic, and pollen profiles. The reconstruction was generated within a Bayesian hierarchical model to accommodate multiple proxies and to provide a unified statistical framework for quantifying uncertainty. We show that RSL in NYC rose by ~1.70 m since ~575 CE (including ~0.38 m since 1850 CE). The rate of RSL rise increased markedly at 1812{\textendash}1913 CE from ~1.0 to ~2.5 mm/yr, which coincides with other reconstructions along the US Atlantic coast. We investigated the possible influence of tidal-range change in Long Island Sound on our reconstruction using a regional tidal model, and we demonstrate that this effect was likely small. However, future tidal-range change could exacerbate the impacts of RSL rise in communities bordering Long Island Sound. The current rate of RSL rise is the fastest that NYC has experienced for >1500 years, and its ongoing acceleration suggests that projections of 21st-century local RSL rise will be realized.},
	keywords = {Bayesian transfer function, carbon isotope, Foraminifera, Salt marsh, sedimentation, The Bronx},
	issn = {0959-6836},
	doi = {10.1177/0959683616683263},
	url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0959683616683263},
	author = {Kemp, Andrew C and Hill, Troy D and Vane, Christopher H and Cahill, Niamh and Orton, Philip M and Talke, Stefan A and Parnell, Andrew C and Sanborn, Kelsey and Hartig, Ellen K}
}
@article {2867,
	title = {Seasonal variability in the source and composition of particulate matter in the depositional zone of Baltimore Canyon, U.S. Mid-Atlantic Bight},
	journal = {Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers},
	volume = {127},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-09-2017},
	pages = {77 - 89},
	abstract = {Submarine canyons are often hotspots of biomass due to enhanced productivity and funneling of organic matter of marine and terrestrial origin. However, most deep-sea canyons remain poorly studied in terms of their role as conduits of terrestrial and marine particles. A multi-tracer geochemical investigation of particles collected yearlong by a sediment trap in Baltimore Canyon on the US Mid-Atlantic Bight (MAB) revealed temporal variability in source, transport, and fate of particulate matter. Both organic biomarker composition (sterol and n-alkanes) and bulk characteristics (δ13C, Δ14C, Chl-a) suggest that while on average the annual contribution of terrestrial and marine organic matter sources are similar, 42\% and 52\% respectively, marine sources dominate. Elevated Chlorophyll-a and sterol concentrations during the spring sampling period highlight a seasonal influx of relatively fresh phytodetritus. In addition, the contemporaneous increase in the particle reactive micronutrients cadmium (Cd) and molybdenum (Mo) in the spring suggest increased scavenging, aggregation, and sinking of phytodetrital biomass in response to enhanced surface production within the nutricline. While tidally driven currents within the canyon resuspend sediment between 200 and 600 m, resulting in the formation of a nepheloid layer rich in lithogenic material, near-bed sediment remobilization in the canyon depositional zone was minimal. Instead, vertical transport and lateral transport across the continental margin were the dominant processes driving seasonal input of particulate matter. In turn, seasonal variability in deposited particulate organic matter is likely linked to benthic faunal composition and ecosystem scale carbon cycling.},
	keywords = {Deep-sea ecosystems, Geochemical analyses, organic matter, sediment trap, Submarine canyons},
	issn = {09670637},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dsr.2017.08.004},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0967063717300602},
	author = {Prouty, N.G. and Mienis, F. and Campbell-Swarzenski, P. and Roark, E.B. and Davies, A.J. and Robertson, C.M. and Duineveld, G. and Ross, S.W. and Rhode, M. and Demopoulos, A.W.J.}
}
@article {2889,
	title = {Sedimentary record from the Canada Basin, Arctic Ocean: implications for late to middle Pleistocene glacial history},
	journal = {Climate of the Past},
	volume = {13},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-01-2017},
	pages = {511 - 531},
	abstract = {ediment core ARC4-BN05 collected from the Canada Basin, Arctic Ocean, covers the late to middle Quaternary (Marine Isotope Stage {\textendash} MIS {\textendash} 1{\textendash}15, ca. 0.5{\textendash}0.6 Ma) as estimated by correlation to earlier proposed Arctic Ocean stratigraphies and AMS14C dating of the youngest sediments. Detailed examination of clay and bulk mineralogy along with grain size, content of Ca and Mn, and planktic foraminiferal numbers in core ARC4{\textendash}BN05 provides important new information about sedimentary environments and provenance. We use increased contents of coarse debris as an indicator of glacier collapse events at the margins of the western Arctic Ocean, and identify the provenance of these events from mineralogical composition. Notably, peaks of dolomite debris, including large dropstones, track the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) discharge events to the Arctic Ocean. Major LIS inputs occurred during the stratigraphic intervals estimated as MIS 3, intra-MIS 5 and 7 events, MIS 8, and MIS 10. Inputs from the East Siberian Ice Sheet (ESIS) are inferred from peaks of smectite, kaolinite, and chlorite associated with coarse sediment. Major ESIS sedimentary events occurred in the intervals estimated as MIS 4, MIS 6 and MIS 12. Differences in LIS vs. ESIS inputs can be explained by ice-sheet configurations at different sea levels, sediment delivery mechanisms (iceberg rafting, suspension plumes, and debris flows), and surface circulation. A long-term change in the pattern of sediment inputs, with an apparent step change near the estimated MIS 7{\textendash}8 boundary (ca. 0.25 Ma), presumably indicates an overall glacial expansion at the western Arctic margins, especially in North America.},
	doi = {10.5194/cp-13-511-2017},
	url = {https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/13/511/2017/},
	author = {Dong, Linsen and Liu, Yanguang and Shi, Xuefa and Polyak, Leonid and Huang, Yuanhui and Fang, Xisheng and Liu, Jianxing and Zou, Jianjun and Wang, Kunshan and Sun, Fuqiang and Wang, Xuchen}
}
@article {2462,
	title = {Sequential bioavailability of sedimentary organic matter to heterotrophic bacteria},
	journal = {Environmental Microbiology},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Oct-05-2017},
	abstract = {Aquatic sediments harbour diverse microbial communities that mediate organic matter degradation and influence biogeochemical cycles. The pool of bioavailable carbon continuously changes as a result of abiotic processes and microbial activity. It remains unclear how microbial communities respond to heterogeneous organic matrices and how this ultimately affects heterotrophic respiration. To explore the relationships between the degradation of mixed carbon substrates and microbial activity, we incubated batches of organic-rich sediments in a novel bioreactor (IsoCaRB) that permitted continuous observations of CO2 production rates, as well as sequential sampling of isotopic signatures (δ13C, Δ14C), microbial community structure and diversity, and extracellular enzyme activity. Our results indicated that lower molecular weight (MW), labile, phytoplankton-derived compounds were degraded first, followed by petroleum-derived exogenous pollutants, and finally by higher MW polymeric plant material. This shift in utilization coincided with a community succession and increased extracellular enzyme activities. Thus, sequential utilization of different carbon pools induced changes at both the community and cellular level, shifting community composition, enzyme activity, respiration rates, and residual organic matter reactivity. Our results provide novel insight into the accessibility of sedimentary organic matter and demonstrate how bioavailability of natural organic substrates may affect the function and composition of heterotrophic bacterial populations.},
	doi = {10.1111/1462-2920.13745},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/1462-2920.13745http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/1462-2920.13745/fullpdfhttps://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111\%2F1462-2920.13745},
	author = {Mahmoudi, Nagissa and {\'e}, Steven R. and Steen, Andrew D. and Pearson, Ann}
}
@article {2768,
	title = {Subduction zone slip variability during the last millennium, south-central Chile},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {175},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-11-2017},
	pages = {112 - 137},
	abstract = {The Arauco Peninsula (37{\textdegree}-38{\textdegree}S) in south-central Chile has been proposed as a possible barrier to the along-strike propagation of megathrust ruptures, separating historical earthquakes to the south (1960 AD 1837, 1737, and 1575) and north (2010 AD, 1835, 1751, 1657, and 1570) of the peninsula. However, the 2010 (Mw 8.8) earthquake propagated into the Arauco Peninsula, re-rupturing part of the megathrust that had ruptured only 50 years earlier during the largest subduction zone earthquake in the instrumental record (Mw 9.5). To better understand long-term slip variability in the Arauco Peninsula region, we analyzed four coastal sedimentary sections from two sites (Tir{\'u}a, 38.3{\textdegree}S and Quidico, 38.1{\textdegree}S) located within the overlap of the 2010 and 1960 ruptures to reconstruct a \~{}600-year record of coseismic land-level change and tsunami inundation. Stratigraphic, lithologic, and diatom results show variable coseismic land-level change coincident with tsunami inundation of the Tir{\'u}a and Quidico marshes that is consistent with regional historical accounts of coseismic subsidence during earthquakes along the Valdivia portion of the subduction zone (1960 AD and 1575) and coseismic uplift during earthquakes along the Maule portion of the subduction zone (2010 AD, 1835, 1751). In addition, we document variable coseismic land-level change associated with three new prehistoric earthquakes and accompanying tsunamis in 1470{\textendash}1570 AD, 1425{\textendash}1455, and 270{\textendash}410. The mixed record of coseismic subsidence and uplift that we document illustrates the variability of down-dip and lateral slip distribution at the overlap of the 2010 and 1960 ruptures, showing that ruptures have repeatedly propagated into, but not through the Arauco Peninsula and suggesting the area has persisted as a long-term impediment to slip through at least seven of the last megathrust earthquakes (\~{}600 years).},
	keywords = {Coastal hazards, Coastal paleoseismology, Diatom paleoecology, Prehistoric earthquakes, Subduction zone segmentation, Tsunami Deposits},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.08.023},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379117303505},
	author = {Dura, Tina and Horton, Benjamin P. and Cisternas, Marco and Ely, Lisa L. and Hong, Isabel and Nelson, Alan R. and Wesson, Robert L. and Pilarczyk, Jessica E. and Parnell, Andrew C. and Nikitina, Daria}
}
@article {2866,
	title = {Vulnerability of Coral Reefs to Bioerosion From Land-Based Sources of Pollution},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans},
	volume = {122},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Oct-12-2017},
	pages = {9319 - 9331},
	abstract = {Ocean acidification (OA), the gradual decline in ocean pH and [ urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc22505:jgrc22505-math-0001] caused by rising levels of atmospheric CO2, poses a significant threat to coral reef ecosystems, depressing rates of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) production, and enhancing rates of bioerosion and dissolution. As ocean pH and [ urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc22505:jgrc22505-math-0002] decline globally, there is increasing emphasis on managing local stressors that can exacerbate the vulnerability of coral reefs to the effects of OA. We show that sustained, nutrient rich, lower pH submarine groundwater discharging onto nearshore coral reefs off west Maui lowers the pH of seawater and exposes corals to nitrate concentrations 50 times higher than ambient. Rates of coral calcification are substantially decreased, and rates of bioerosion are orders of magnitude higher than those observed in coral cores collected in the Pacific under equivalent low pH conditions but living in oligotrophic waters. Heavier coral nitrogen isotope (δ15N) values pinpoint not only site-specific eutrophication, but also a sewage nitrogen source enriched in 15N. Our results show that eutrophication of reef seawater by land-based sources of pollution can magnify the effects of OA through nutrient driven-bioerosion. These conditions could contribute to the collapse of coastal coral reef ecosystems sooner than current projections predict based only on ocean acidification.},
	keywords = {aragonite saturation, bioerosion, coral reefs, nutrients, submarine groundwater, Wastewater},
	issn = {2169-9275},
	doi = {10.1002/2017JC013264},
	url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2017JC013264},
	author = {Prouty, Nancy G. and Cohen, Anne and Yates, Kimberly K. and Storlazzi, Curt D. and Swarzenski, Peter W. and White, Darla}
}
@article { ISI:000372268700005,
	title = {Abandoned channel fill sequences in the tidal estuary of a small mountainous, dry-summer river},
	journal = {SEDIMENTOLOGY},
	volume = {63},
	number = {{1}},
	year = {2016},
	month = {JAN},
	pages = {176-206},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {{This study proposes a modification of the current model for abandoned channel fill stratigraphy produced in unidirectional flow river reaches to incorporate seasonal tidal deposition. Evidence supporting this concept came from a study of two consecutive channel abandonment sequences in Ropers Slough of the lower Eel River Estuary in northern California. Aerial photographs showed that Ropers Slough was abandoned around 1943, reoccupied after the 1964 flood, and abandoned again in 1974 with fill continuing to the present. Planform geomorphic characteristics derived from these images were used in conjunction with sub-centimetre resolution stratigraphic analyses to describe depositional processes and their resultant sedimentary deposits. Both abandonment sequences recorded quasi-annual scale fluvial/tidal deposition couplets. In both cases, tidal deposits contained very little sand, were higher in organic and inorganic carbon content than the sandier, fluvially dominated deposits, and possessed millimetre-scale horizontal laminations. The two abandonment fills differed significantly in terms of the temporal progression of channel narrowing and fluvial sediment deposition characteristics. Aerial photographic analysis showed that the first abandonment sequence led to a more rapid narrowing of Ropers Slough and produced deposits with a positive relationship between grain size/deposit thickness and discharge. The second abandonment resulted in a much slower narrowing of Ropers Slough and generally thinner fluvial deposits with no clear relationship between grain size/deposit thickness and discharge. The delta C-13 values and organic nitrogen to organic carbon ratios of deposits from the first phase overlapped with Eel River suspended sediment characteristics found for low flows (one to five times mean discharge), while those of the second phase were consistent with suspended sediment from higher flows (seven to ten times mean discharge). When considered together, the results indicate that the early fill sequence recorded a reach experiencing regular fluvial deposition through flow conditions during the wet season, while the latter fill sequence records a reach more disconnected from the main stem in terms of flow and sediment. The major factor affecting the difference in sedimentation between the two fill periods appears to have been the morphology of the upstream river bend in relation to the position of the bifurcation node. During the first fill period, the upstream entrance to Ropers Slough seems to have remained open, in part due to the placement of its entrance on the outside of the mainstem river bend, and despite stronger tidal effects caused by a larger tidal prism and closer proximity to the tidal inlet. By the second fill sequence, the upstream bend morphology had altered, placing the entrance to Ropers Slough on the inner bank of the mainstem bend, which resulted in more rapid plug bar formation. The role of tidal effects in the geomorphic trajectory of the two abandonment sequences is unclear, but appears to have been less important than local bifurcation geometry.}},
	keywords = {Abandoned channels, Geomorphology, grain-size analysis, organic carbon, stratigraphy, tidal estuaries},
	issn = {0037-0746},
	doi = {10.1111/sed.12223},
	author = {Gray, Andrew B. and Pasternack, Gregory B. and Watson, Elizabeth B. and Goni, Miguel A.}
}
@article {Peterson20161,
	title = {Accommodation space controls on incised-valley sediment accumulation rates during the Holocene marine transgression (0{\textendash}11 ka) in Grays Harbor, a large meso-tidal estuary, Washington, \{USA\}},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {380},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {1 - 16},
	abstract = {Abstract Holocene deposits (0{\textendash}11 ka) that were drill cored (275 samples from 17 sites) in the meso-tidal Grays Harbor estuary were analyzed for 1) sediment texture and source components and 2) calibrated radiocarbon age. These data were used with basin 10 m-contour interval volumes to establish relations between rates of increasing basin accommodation space and sediment volume accumulation. Rates of increasing accommodation space (0.3{\textendash}2.1 {\texttimes} 106 m3 yr- 1) are based on interval volumes and a sea level curve (0{\textendash}11.5 ka) for the Grays Harbor basin. Total sediment accumulation rates (0.41{\textendash}1.4 {\texttimes} 106 m3 yr- 1) are computed for the same 10 m-depth intervals (0{\textendash}60 m depth MSL) and corresponding 10 m-interval sedimentation durations (0.7{\textendash}5.0 {\texttimes} 103 ka) from a sediment level curve. The rates of basin increasing accommodation space and total sediment accumulation are positively correlated (R2 = 0.81), but sediment accumulation lagged behind increasing accommodation space (23{\textendash}37\%) during early- and middle-Holocene time (7{\textendash}10 ka). Slowing rates of sea level rise after 8 ka, permitted combined river and littoral inputs of sediment to reduce basin subtidal water depths (~ 10 m) to intertidal water depths (~ 1 m). The ratios between sand and mud components in the analyzed Holocene deposits are negatively correlated to basin water depth. Shallowing tidal flats promoted the export of river mud out of the estuary and the import of littoral sand into the central estuary areas. Variable rates of increasing basin accommodation space 1) directly controlled the total sediment accumulation rate in the evolving basin and 2) indirectly controlled the relative proportions of mud and littoral sand accumulation, due to changing water depths in the basin. The late-Holocene accumulation of littoral sand (52\% of total sediment volume) is used to compute the net littoral sand sink (~ 100 {\texttimes} 106 m3) in the Grays Harbor basin from a potential 1.0 m rise of future sea level following predicted global warming. The contribution of littoral sand from adjacent barrier sand spits (20 km in length) to fill the increasing accommodation space in the Grays Harbor estuary could result in 0.5{\textendash}1.0 km of shoreline retreat following a 1.0 m rise in sea level.},
	keywords = {Littoral sand sink},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2016.06.012},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025322716301268},
	author = {Curt D. Peterson and James B. Phipps}
}
@article {2539,
	title = {Age of the Mt.~Ortles ice cores, the Tyrolean Iceman and glaciation of the highest summit of South Tyrol since the Northern Hemisphere Climatic Optimum},
	journal = {The Cryosphere},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2016},
	month = {Jan-01-2016},
	pages = {2779 - 2797},
	abstract = {In  2011  four  ice  cores  were  extracted  from  the summit of Alto dell{\textquoteright}Ortles (3859 m), the highest glacier of South  Tyrol  in  the  Italian  Alps.  This  drilling  site  is  located only 37 km southwest from where the Tyrolean Iceman, \~{}5.3 kyrs old, was discovered emerging from the ablating ice field of Tisenjoch (3210 m, near the Italian{\textendash}Austrian border) in 1991. The excellent preservation of this mummy suggested that the Tyrolean Iceman was continuously embedded in prehistoric ice and that additional ancient ice was likely
preserved elsewhere in South Tyrol. Dating of the ice cores from Alto dell{\textquoteright}Ortles based on 210Pb, tritium, beta activity and 14C determinations, combined with an empirical model (COPRA), provides evidence for a chronologically ordered ice  stratigraphy  from  the  modern  glacier  surface  down  to the  bottom  ice  layers  with  an  age  of \~{}7 kyrs,  which  confirms  the  hypothesis.  Our  results  indicate  that  the  drilling site has continuously been glaciated on frozen bedrock since \~{}7 kyrs BP. Absence of older ice on the highest glacier of South Tyrol is consistent with the removal of basal ice from bedrock during the Northern Hemisphere Climatic Optimum (6{\textendash}9 kyrs BP),  the  warmest  interval  in  the  European  Alps during the Holocene. Borehole inclinometric measurements of  the  current  glacier  flow  combined  with  surface  ground penetration radar (GPR) measurements indicate that, due to the sustained atmospheric warming since the 1980s, an acceleration of the glacier Alto dell{\textquoteright}Ortles flow has just recently begun.  Given  the  stratigraphic chronological  continuity  of the Mt. Ortles cores over millennia, it can be argued that this behaviour has been unprecedented at this location since the Northern Hemisphere Climatic Optimum.},
	doi = {10.5194/tc-10-2779-2016},
	url = {http://www.the-cryosphere.net/10/2779/2016/tc-10-2779-2016.pdf},
	author = {Gabrielli, Paolo and Barbante, Carlo and Bertagna, Giuliano and {\'o}, Michele and Binder, Daniel and Carton, Alberto and Carturan, Luca and Cazorzi, Federico and Cozzi, Giulio and Dalla Fontana, Giancarlo and Davis, Mary and De Blasi, Fabrizio and Dinale, Roberto and {\`a}, Gianfranco and Dreossi, Giuliano and Festi, Daniela and Frezzotti, Massimo and Gabrieli, Jacopo and Galos, Stephan P. and Ginot, Patrick and Heidenwolf, Petra and Jenk, Theo M. and Kehrwald, Natalie and Kenny, Donald and Magand, Olivier and Mair, Volkmar and Mikhalenko, Vladimir and Lin, Ping Nan and Oeggl, Klaus and Piffer, Gianni and Rinaldi, Mirko and Schotterer, Ulrich and Schwikowski, Margit and Seppi, Roberto and Spolaor, Andrea and Stenni, Barbara and Tonidandel, David and Uglietti, Chiara and Zagorodnov, Victor and Zanoner, Thomas and Zennaro, Piero}
}
@article {1094,
	title = {AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Large Za Baobabs (Adansonia za) of Madagascar.},
	journal = {PLoS One},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2016},
	month = {2016},
	pages = {e0146977},
	abstract = {<p>The article reports the radiocarbon investigation of Anzapalivoro, the largest za baobab (Adansonia za) specimen of Madagascar and of another za, namely the Big cistern baobab. Several wood samples collected from the large inner cavity and from the outer part/exterior of the tree were investigated by AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) radiocarbon dating. For samples collected from the cavity walls, the age values increase with the distance into the wood up to a point of maximum age, after which the values decrease toward the outer part. This anomaly of age sequences indicates that the inner cavity of Anzapalivoro is a false cavity, practically an empty space between several fused stems disposed in a ring-shaped structure. The radiocarbon date of the oldest sample was 780 {\textpm} 30 bp, which corresponds to a calibrated age of around 735 yr. Dating results indicate that Anzapalivoro has a closed ring-shaped structure, which consists of 5 fused stems that close a false cavity. The oldest part of the biggest za baobab has a calculated age of 900 years. We also disclose results of the investigation of a second za baobab, the Big cistern baobab, which was hollowed out for water storage. This specimen, which consists of 4 fused stems, was found to be around 260 years old.</p>},
	keywords = {Adansonia, Calibration, Ecology, Forests, Geography, Madagascar, Mass Spectrometry, Radiometric Dating, Time Factors, Trees, Wood},
	issn = {1932-6203},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0146977},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Patrut, Roxana T and Danthu, Pascal and Leong Pock-Tsy, Jean-Michel and Rakosy, Laszlo and Lowy, Daniel A and von Reden, Karl F}
}
@article {2578,
	title = {Bomb Radiocarbon and the Hawaiian Archipelago: Coral, Otoliths, and SeawaterAbstract},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {58},
	year = {2016},
	month = {Jan-09-2016},
	pages = {531 - 548},
	abstract = {Corals of the Hawaiian Archipelago are well situated in the North Pacific Gyre (NPG) to record how bomb-produced radiocarbon has been sequestered and transported by the sea. While this signal can be traced accurately through time in reef-building corals and used to infer oceanographic processes and determine the ages of marine organisms, a comprehensive and validated record has been lacking for the Hawaiian Archipelago. In this study, a coral core from Kure Atoll in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands was used to create a high-resolution bomb 14C record for the years 1939{\textendash}2002, and was then used with other 14C measurements in fish otoliths and seawater to explore differences and similarities in the bomb 14C signal throughout the Hawaiian Archipelago. The Kure Atoll sample series produced a well-defined bomb 14C curve that, with some exceptions, was similar to other coral 14C records from the Hawaiian Archipelago. Subtle differences in the coral 14C records across the region may be explained by the large-scale ocean circulation patterns and decadal cycles of the NPG. The most rapid increase of 14C, in the 1950s and 1960s, showed similar timing across the Hawaiian Archipelago and provides a robust basis for use of bomb 14C dating to obtain high-precision age determinations of marine organisms. Reference otoliths of juvenile fish demonstrated the use of the post-peak 14C decline period as a viable reference in the age validation of younger and more recently collected fishes, and effectively extended the utility of bomb 14C dating to the latest 30 yr.},
	issn = {0033-8222},
	doi = {10.1017/RDC.2016.32},
	url = {dx.doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2016.32},
	author = {Andrews, Allen H and Siciliano, Daria and Potts, Donald C and DeMartini, Edward E and Covarrubias, Stephannie}
}
@article {Falk20161,
	title = {Controls on the stable isotope compositions of travertine from hyperalkaline springs in Oman: Insights from clumped isotope measurements},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {192},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {1 - 28},
	abstract = {Abstract Carbonate formation at hyperalkaline springs is typical of serpentinization in peridotite massifs worldwide. These travertines have long been known to exhibit large variations in their carbon and oxygen isotope compositions, extending from apparent equilibrium values to highly depleted values. However, the exact causes of these variations are not well constrained. We analyzed a suite of well-characterized fresh carbonate precipitates and travertines associated with hyperalkaline springs in the peridotite section of the Samail ophiolite, Sultanate of Oman, and found their clumped isotope compositions vary systematically with formation environments. Based on these findings, we identified four main processes controlling the stable isotope compositions of these carbonates. These include hydroxylation of CO2, partial isotope equilibration of dissolved inorganic carbon, mixing between isotopically distinct carbonate end-members, and post-depositional recrystallization. Most notably, in fresh crystalline films on the surface of hyperalkaline springs and in some fresh carbonate precipitates from the bottom of hyperalkaline pools, we observed large enrichments in Δ47 (up to \~{}0.2{\textperthousand} above expected equilibrium values) which accompany depletions in δ18O and δ13C, yielding about 0.01{\textperthousand} increase in Δ47 and 1.1{\textperthousand} decrease in δ13C for every 1{\textperthousand} decrease in δ18O, relative to expected equilibrium values. This disequilibrium trend, also reflected in preserved travertines ranging in age from modern to \~{}40,000 years old, is interpreted to arise mainly from the isotope effects associated with the hydroxylation of \{CO2\} in high-pH fluids and agrees with our first-order theoretical estimation. In addition, in some fresh carbonate precipitates from the bottom of hyperalkaline pools and in subsamples of one preserved travertine terrace, we observed additional enrichments in Δ47 at intermediate δ13C and δ18O, consistent with mixing between isotopically distinct carbonate end-members. Our results suggest that carbonate clumped isotope analysis can be a valuable tool for identifying and distinguishing processes not readily apparent from the carbonate bulk stable isotope compositions alone, e.g., kinetic effects or mixing of different carbonate end-members, which can significantly alter both the apparent formation temperatures and apparent radiocarbon ages. The isotope trends observed in these travertine samples could be applied more broadly to identify extinct hyperalkaline springs in terrestrial and extraterrestrial environments, to better constrain the formation conditions and post-depositional alteration of hyperalkaline spring carbonates, and to extract potential paleoclimate information.},
	keywords = {Carbonate},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.06.026},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016703716303568},
	author = {E.S. Falk and W. Guo and A.N. Paukert and J.M. Matter and E.M. Mervine and P.B. Kelemen}
}
@article {Prajith2016173,
	title = {Distribution, provenance and early diagenesis of major and trace metals in sediment cores from the Mandovi estuary, western India},
	journal = {Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science},
	volume = {170},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {173 - 185},
	abstract = {Abstract Major elements and trace metals were analyzed in four sediment cores recovered along a transect in the Mandovi estuary for their distribution, provenance and early diagenesis. The sediments were clayey silts in cores from the upper/lower estuary and sand-dominated in cores from the middle estuary/bay. Organic carbon (OC) content varied from 0.5 to 4\%, with higher values in fine-grained sediments. The mean Fe and Mn contents of sediments from the upper/middle estuary were 3{\textendash}5 times and 8{\textendash}13 times, respectively higher than the reference sediment (RS) from the same estuary. The mean Fe and Mn contents of sediments from the lower estuary/bay were close to the RS. Strong inter-metal correlation among Ti, V, Cr and Zr in all the cores indicated their contribution from a common source, probably the laterites from hinterland. Trace metals were more enriched in fine-grained sediments than in sand-dominated sediments. Early diagenetic control on the redistribution of metal is evident in core sediments from the middle estuary to Bay. The distribution of Mo, U and Pb followed that of Fe and Mn in the upper estuary and \{OC\} in the lower estuary/bay. Our results indicated strong anthropogenic contribution of metals from ore deposits in the upper/middle estuary. The Mn and Cr contents of sediment in the upper/middle estuary and Fe in the middle estuary were highly enriched suggestive of {\textquoteleft}significant pollution signal{\textquoteright}. More trace metals from the middle estuary were moderately enriched. Speciation studies showed Mn and Pb occurred abundantly in non-residual phases. High Mn content and its high percentage in exchangeable and reductive phases indicate that it was susceptible to be mobilized. However, Fe, Cu and Ni occurred abundantly in residual phases and less percentage of them were expected to be bio-available.},
	keywords = {Western India},
	issn = {0272-7714},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2016.01.014},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272771416300142},
	author = {A. Prajith and V. Purnachandra Rao and P. Chakraborty}
}
@article {2583,
	title = {<i>Alutiiq</i>               Subsistence Economy at <i>Igvak</i>               , a Russian-American <i>Artel</i>               in the Kodiak Archipelago},
	journal = {Arctic Anthropology},
	volume = {53},
	year = {2016},
	month = {Jun-02-2017},
	pages = {52 - 68},
	abstract = {Igvak was a Russian-American Company fur-hunting outpost (artel) on the south end of Afognak Island that was occupied from the 1790s to about 1830. Midden samples were recovered from deposits adjacent to the Alutiiq workers{\textquoteright} barracks as part of the Dig Afognak program. Although small amounts of European domesticates were identified, the bulk of the diet focused on traditional local foods. The dominant species included cod, harbor seals, and puffins, with a mix of intertidal invertebrates such as mussels, butter clams, and periwinkles. Also common were salmon, cormorants, sea otters, and sea lions. A single species of whale barnacle was identified. The high number of puffin remains may be related to the production of puffin-skin parkas for the Russian-American Company. The site was likely occupied year-round, but the presence of the bones of harbor seal pups and puffin and cormorant chicks confirms a summer occupation. },
	issn = {0066-6939},
	doi = {10.3368/aa.53.2.52},
	url = {http://aa.uwpress.org/lookup/doi/10.3368/aa.53.2.52},
	author = {Etnier, Michael A. and Partlow, Megan A. and Foster, Nora R.}
}
@article { ISI:000386966700005,
	title = {IsoCaRB: A novel bioreactor system to characterize the lability and natural carbon isotopic (C-14, C-13) signatures of microbially respired organic matter},
	journal = {LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY-METHODS},
	volume = {14},
	number = {{10}},
	year = {2016},
	month = {OCT},
	pages = {668-681},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Organic matter is the dominant pool of reduced carbon in marine and freshwater systems. Mineralization of organic matter is largely attributed to complex and diverse microbial communities that mediate degradation and ultimately yield the terminal respiratory product, carbon dioxide (CO2). The factors that constrain the lability and degradation of organic matter remain unclear, but they involve a complex interplay between structural and chemical properties of the compounds, physical properties of the matrices, and the functional potential of the microorganisms that are present. To investigate these relationships, we developed a novel bioreactor system-called Isotopic Carbon Respirometer-Bioreactor (IsoCaRB)-that permits real-time monitoring of microbial CO2 production rates and collects sequential samples of this CO2 for off-line isotopic analyses (C-13, C-14). Application of this system to organic-rich sediments from Salt Pond, MA reveals that organic matter is oxidized both abiotically and microbially, and that the pattern of microbial respiration by the native sediment community is complex, accessing different carbon substrates over the course of incubation. Isotopic measurements show modern organic matter of progressively older ages (<= ca. 50 yr) is consumed, and this material has variable origins (salt marsh grasses, terrestrial, and marine organic matter). Collectively, the IsoCaRB system provides coupled insights into the sources, ages, and inherent biological and abiotic reactivity of natural organic matter.},
	issn = {1541-5856},
	doi = {10.1002/lom3.10121},
	author = {Beaupr{\'e}, Steven R. and Mahmoudi, Nagissa and Pearson, Ann}
}
@article {VanDaele2016130,
	title = {Late Quaternary evolution of Lago Castor (Chile, 45.6{\textdegree}S): Timing of the deglaciation in northern Patagonia and evolution of the southern westerlies during the last 17 kyr},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {133},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {130 - 146},
	abstract = {Abstract Even though Patagonia is ideally located to study climate of the southern mid-latitudes, many questions on the late Quaternary climate evolution remain unresolved. The timing of maximum glacier extent is still uncertain in vast areas, and the postglacial evolution of the Southern Westerly Wind Belt (SWWB) remains highly debated. Here, we study the sedimentary infill of a glacigenic lake (Lago Castor; 45.6{\textdegree}S, 71.8{\textdegree}W) located at the leeside of the Andes in Chilean Patagonia to i) reconstruct the deglacial evolution of the eastern flank of the Patagonian Ice Sheet (PIS), and ii) discuss postglacial changes in wind strength at a critical location where westerly wind records are critically lacking. A dense grid of high-resolution reflection-seismic data was used to reconstruct the large-scale infill history of the lake, and a radiocarbon dated sediment core penetrating all lacustrine seismic units, was retrieved. Results indicate that the deglaciation of the lake basin and its catchment occurred no later than \~{}28~cal~kyr \{BP\} (i.e. an early LGM), but possibly even already after \{MIS\} 4. Afterwards, the Lago Castor area was covered by a large proglacial lake that drained {\textendash} possibly through an outburst flood {\textendash} when the \{PIS\} outlet glaciers retreated to a critical location. Subsequently, very dry conditions caused the lake to desiccate, as evidenced by an unconformity visible on the seismic profiles and in the sediment core. This dry period likely resulted from the increased orographic effect of the PIS-covered Andes, accompanied by weaker westerlies. From \~{}20~kyr \{BP\} onwards, the combination of a shrinking \{PIS\} and a southward shift of the \{SWWB\} resulted in increased precipitation, which caused the lake level to rise. After \~{}17~cal~kyr BP, lake sedimentation was more directly influenced by the southern westerlies, with the formation of sediment drifts resulting from strong bottom current during periods of intense westerly winds. Our results suggest a progressive increase in wind strength at 46{\textdegree}S from 11.2 to 4.5~cal~kyr BP, which supports the hypothesis that the \{SWWB\} broadened during the early and middle Holocene.},
	keywords = {Sediment drift},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.12.021},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S027737911530202X},
	author = {Maarten Van Daele and S{\'e}bastien Bertrand and Inka Meyer and Jasper Moernaut and Willem Vandoorne and Giuseppe Siani and Niels Tanghe and Zakaria Ghazoui and Mario Pino and Roberto Urrutia and Marc De Batist}
}
@article {2487,
	title = {Methane emissions proportional to permafrost carbon thawed in Arctic lakes since the 1950s},
	journal = {Nature Geoscience},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2016},
	month = {Oct-08-2017},
	pages = {679 - 682},
	abstract = {Permafrost thaw exposes previously frozen soil organic matter to microbial decomposition. This process generates methane and carbon dioxide, and thereby fuels a positive feedback process that leads to further warming and thaw1. Despite widespread permafrost degradation during the past ~40 years2, 3, 4, the degree to which permafrost thaw may be contributing to a feedback between warming and thaw in recent decades is not well understood. Radiocarbon evidence of modern emissions of ancient permafrost carbon is also sparse5. Here we combine radiocarbon dating of lake bubble trace-gas methane (113 measurements) and soil organic carbon (289 measurements) for lakes in Alaska, Canada, Sweden and Siberia with numerical modelling of thaw and remote sensing of thermokarst shore expansion. Methane emissions from thermokarst areas of lakes that have expanded over the past 60 years were directly proportional to the mass of soil carbon inputs to the lakes from the erosion of thawing permafrost. Radiocarbon dating indicates that methane age from lakes is nearly identical to the age of permafrost soil carbon thawing around them. Based on this evidence of landscape-scale permafrost carbon feedback, we estimate that 0.2 to 2.5 Pg permafrost carbon was released as methane and carbon dioxide in thermokarst expansion zones of pan-Arctic lakes during the past 60 years.},
	keywords = {Carbon cycle, Climate change, Cryospheric science},
	issn = {1752-0894},
	doi = {10.1038/ngeo2795},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/ngeo2795},
	author = {Walter Anthony, Katey and Daanen, Ronald and Anthony, Peter and Schneider von Deimling, Thomas and Ping, Chien-Lu and Chanton, Jeffrey P. and Grosse, Guido}
}
@article {Culver2016360,
	title = {Micropaleontologic record of Pliocene and Quaternary paleoenvironments in the southern Albemarle Embayment, North Carolina, U.S.A},
	journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},
	volume = {457},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {360 - 379},
	abstract = {Abstract The Albemarle Embayment, a Cenozoic depositional basin on the Atlantic coast of the USA, is an ideal setting to understand the temporal and spatial variation of eustatic sea-level fluctuations, glacio-hydro-isostasy, tectonics, subsidence, environments and sedimentation patterns of a passive margin Quaternary section. A NE{\textendash}SW transect of cores and seismic data in the southern Albemarle Embayment were analyzed using micropaleontologic (foraminifera, diatoms, pollen), sedimentologic, stratigraphic, and geochronologic data to reconstruct the paleoenvironmental evolution and paleoclimates in the nearly 90 m thick Quaternary section. The study area is a very low gradient Quaternary landscape that is cross-cut by several Pleistocene incised valleys; a Holocene barrier island complex forms its eastern margin. In the subsurface, the Albemarle Embayment is bordered to the north by the Norfolk Arch and to the south by the depositionally-constructed Cape Lookout High, which is positioned on the northern flank of the structural Carolina Platform. The Quaternary section overlies mid-Pliocene carbonates in three cores; the contact rises in elevation towards the Cape Lookout High. Fossils and sediment characteristics suggest a subtropical, shallow, high energy marine environment during the Pliocene. Overlying units include incomplete Pleistocene, clastic, transgressive-regressive (T-R) deposits. These have similar ages and stratigraphic signatures as the T-R cycles in the central and north-central Albemarle Embayment, although mid-Pleistocene deposits may be older in the southern region. The bulk of the early and mid-Pleistocene record consists of inner to mid-shelf sand and muddy sand. In contrast, late Pleistocene sands are of inner shelf origin, reflecting the infilling of the basin. Lowstand paleovalleys, with fluvial, wetland and estuarine fill, dissect the early, mid- and late Pleistocene marine units; their locations reflect antecedent topography. Holocene sediments were deposited in shoreface and barrier island environments. Quaternary foraminiferal assemblages in the southern Albemarle Embayment exhibit greater species richness than those in the central and north-central embayment reflecting the presence of a major biogeographic boundary at the same location as the modern biogeographic boundary at Cape Hatteras.},
	keywords = {Holocene},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.05.017},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018216301572},
	author = {Stephen J. Culver and Kathleen M. Farrell and David J. Mallinson and Debra A. Willard and Benjamin P. Horton and Stanley R. Riggs and E. Robert Thieler and John F. Wehmiller and Peter R. Parham and Jessica Pierson Moore and Scott W. Snyder and Caroline Hillier}
}
@article {FilipovaMarinova201699,
	title = {Multi-proxy records of Holocene palaeoenvironmental changes in the Varna Lake area, western Black Sea coast},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	volume = {401},
	year = {2016},
	note = {Implications for Late Quaternary Sea Level Changes on the Mediterranean and Black Sea Coasts - \{MEDBLACKS2014\}},
	pages = {99 - 108},
	abstract = {Abstract High-resolution spore-pollen analysis of laminated sediments of newly taken Core-3 (870~cm long) from Varna Lake (northeastern Bulgaria) is combined with multiproxy micropalaeontological analyses of dinoflagellate cysts, acritarchs, and other non-pollen palynomorphs (NPP), including fossil algal and fungal remains. The location of the core is close to several submerged praehistorical sites and the Varna Chalcolithic Necropolis, and permits more precise palaeoecological correlations of obtained results with available archaeological and geochronological data. The established Age vs. Depth Model shows that the formation of the lake started after 7870~cal. \{BP\} due to a rise of the Black Sea level, also known as the First Phase of the Vityazevyan Black Sea Transgression. After ca. 94~y, the Second Phase of the Vityazevyan Black Sea Transgression is registered by a major change in the sedimentation and formation of molluscan shell hash layer of Mytilus galloprovincialis that covers the interval 7776 to 6183~cal. BP. Mixed oak and hornbeam forests dominated the vegetation cover during the Atlantic, Subboreal and Subatlantic chronozones of the Holocene. An important change in the forest composition occurs at ca. 5518 cal. BP, when Carpinus betulus reached its maximum spread due to a climate change. The high-resolution geoarchaeological reconstruction of palaeovegetation also reveals the extent of anthropogenic influence in the Varna Lake area, with deforestation and agricultural practice. Two periods of significant presence of pollen from cultivated cereals, and secondary anthropogenic indicators (weeds and ruderals) were identified. According to the available AMS-radiocarbon data, these periods correspond to the Late Eneolithic and Early Bronze Age. The Transitional period without human activities between these two archaeological periods lasted ca. 319~y and coincides with a rise of the Black Sea level, reflected by the increase of euryhaline marine dinoflagelate cysts Lingulodinium machaerophorum and Spiniferites belerius, and acritarchs Cymatiosphaera globulosa and Micrhystridium cf. ariakense during the First Phase of the Kalamitian Black Sea Transgression. The increased values of Corylus coincidently with decrease of Quercus and Ulmus suggest clearance of forests and enlargement of arable areas during the Late Eneolithic. The NPP-record of spores of coprophyllous fungi Cercophora, Sordaria, Podospora and Chaetomium indicates the presence of domestic animals during the Early Bronze Age. The maximum of Alnus, Ulmus, Fraxinus excelsior-type and Fagus pollen at 717~cal. \{BP\} suggests an increase of humidity and cooling of climate during the Subatlantic.},
	keywords = {Geoarchaeology},
	issn = {1040-6182},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.05.009},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618215004954},
	author = {Mariana Filipova-Marinova and Danail Pavlov and Liviu Giosan}
}
@article {Pendea201651,
	title = {Prehistoric human responses to volcanic tephra fall events in the Ust-Kamchatsk region, Kamchatka Peninsula (Kamchatsky Krai, Russian Federation) during the middle to late Holocene (6000{\textendash}500~cal~BP)},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	volume = {394},
	year = {2016},
	note = {Volcanic Activity and Human Society},
	pages = {51 - 68},
	abstract = {Abstract Prehistoric peoples in Kamchatka coped with recurrent volcanic tephra fall events during the middle to late Holocene. Recent data collected by the International Collaborative Circumpolar Archaeological Project (ICAAP) between 2009 and 2011 explores the long-term relationships between drastic landscape change and concomitant human response. A combination of new archaeological, paleoenvironmental and tephrochronological data demonstrate how the major Ksudach 1750~cal~BP (KS1) eruption accelerated settlement relocation from the interior to the paleo-coastline.},
	keywords = {Tephra},
	issn = {1040-6182},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.07.033},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618215007090},
	author = {I. Florin Pendea and Hans Harmsen and Dustin Keeler and Ezra B.W. Zubrow and Gregory Korosec and Erika Ruhl and Irina Ponkratova and Eva Hulse}
}
@article {Peteet2016168,
	title = {Recent and Holocene climate change controls on vegetation and carbon accumulation in Alaskan coastal muskegs},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {131, Part A},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {168 - 178},
	abstract = {Abstract Pollen, spore, macrofossil and carbon data from a peatland near Cordova, Alaska, reveal insights into the climate{\textendash}vegetation{\textendash}carbon interactions from the initiation of the Holocene, c. the last 11.5~ka, to the present (1~ka~=~1000 calibrated years before present where 0~=~1950 CE). The Holocene period is characterized by early deposition of gyttja in a pond environment with aquatics such as Nuphar polysepalum and Potamogeton, and a significant regional presence of Alnus crispa subsp. sinuata. Carbon accumulation (50~g/m2/a) was high for a short interval in the early Holocene when Sphagnum peat accumulated, but was followed by a major decline to 13~g/m2/a from 7 to 3.7~ka when Cyperaceae and ericads such as Rhododendron (formerly Ledum) groenlandicum expanded. This shift to sedge growth is representative of many peatlands throughout the south-central region of Alaska, and indicates a drier, more evaporative environment with a large decline in carbon storage. The subsequent return to Sphagnum peat after 4~ka in the Neoglacial represents a widespread shift to moister, cooler conditions, which favored a resurgence of ericads, such as Andromeda polifolia, and increased carbon accumulation rate. The sustained Alnus expansion visible in the top 10~cm of the peat profile is correlative with glacial retreat and warming of the region in the last century, and suggests this colonization will continue as temperature increases and ice melts.},
	keywords = {Alnus},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.10.032},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379115301530},
	author = {Dorothy M. Peteet and Jonathan E. Nichols and Christopher M. Moy and Alicia McGeachy and Max Perez}
}
@article {Maier2016,
	title = {Records of continental slope sediment flow morphodynamic responses to gradient and active faulting from integrated AUV and ROV data, offshore Palos Verdes, southern California Borderland},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {-},
	abstract = {Abstract Variations in seabed gradient are widely acknowledged to influence deep-water deposition, but are often difficult to measure in sufficient detail from both modern and ancient examples. On the continental slope offshore Los Angeles, California, autonomous underwater vehicle, remotely operated vehicle, and shipboard methods were used to collect a dense grid of high-resolution multibeam bathymetry, chirp sub-bottom profiles, and targeted sediment core samples that demonstrate the influence of seafloor gradient on sediment accumulation, depositional environment, grain size of deposits, and seafloor morphology. In this setting, restraining and releasing bends along the active right-lateral Palos Verdes Fault create and maintain variations in seafloor gradient. Holocene down-slope flows appear to have been generated by slope failure, primarily on the uppermost slope (~ 100{\textendash}200 m water depth). Turbidity currents created a low relief (\&lt; 10 m) channel, up-slope migrating sediment waves (λ = ~ 100 m, h <= 2 m), and a series of depocenters that have accumulated up to 4 m of Holocene sediment. Sediment waves increase in wavelength and decrease in wave height with decreasing gradient. Integrated analysis of high-resolution datasets provides quantification of morphodynamic sensitivity to seafloor gradients acting throughout deep-water depositional systems. These results help to bridge gaps in scale between existing deep-sea and experimental datasets and may provide constraints for future numerical modeling studies.},
	keywords = {Fault},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2016.10.001},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025322716302304},
	author = {Katherine L. Maier and Daniel S. Brothers and Charles K. Paull and Mary McGann and David W. Caress and James E. Conrad}
}
@article {2489,
	title = {Relative sea-level change in northeastern Florida (USA) during the last \~{}8.0~ka},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {142},
	year = {2016},
	month = {Jan-06-2016},
	pages = {90 - 101},
	abstract = {An existing database of relative sea-level (RSL) reconstructions from the U.S. Atlantic coast lacked valid sea-level index points from Georgia and Florida. This region lies on the edge of the collapsing forebulge of the former Laurentide Ice Sheet making it an important location for understanding glacio-isostatic adjustment and the history of ice-sheet melt. To address the paucity of data, we reconstruct RSL in northeastern Florida (St. Marys) over the last \~{}8.0 ka from samples of basal salt-marsh sediment that minimize the influence of compaction. The analogy between modern salt-marsh foraminifera and their fossil counterparts preserved in the sedimentary record was used to estimate paleomarsh surface elevation. Sample ages were determined by radiocarbon dating of identifiable and in-situ plant macrofossils. This approach yielded 25 new sea-level index points that constrain a \~{}5.7 m rise in RSL during the last \~{}8.0 ka. The record shows that no highstand in sea level occurred in this region over the period of the reconstruction. We compared the new reconstruction to Earth-ice models ICE 6G-C VM5a and ICE 6G-C VM6. There is good fit in the later part of the Holocene with VM5a and for a brief time in the earlier Holocene with VM6. However, there are discrepancies in model-reconstruction fit in the early to mid Holocene in northeastern Florida and elsewhere along the Atlantic coast at locations with early Holocene RSL reconstructions. The most pronounced feature of the new reconstruction is a slow down in the rate of RSL rise from approximately 5.0 to 3.0 ka. This trend may reflect a significant contribution from local-scale processes such as tidal-range change and/or change in base flow of the St. Marys River in response to paleoclimate changes. However, the spatial expression (local vs. regional) of this slow down is undetermined and corroborative records are needed to establish its geographical extent.},
	keywords = {Foraminifera, Georgia, Holocene, Salt marsh, St. Marys River},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.04.016},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379116301275http://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0277379116301275?httpAccept=text/xmlhttp://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0277379116301275?httpAccept=text/plain},
	author = {Hawkes, Andrea D. and Kemp, Andrew C. and Donnelly, Jeffrey P. and Horton, Benjamin P. and Peltier, W. Richard and Cahill, Niamh and Hill, David F. and Ashe, Erica and Alexander, Clark R.}
}
@article {Toomey2016284,
	title = {Seismic evidence of glacial-age river incision into the Tahaa barrier reef, French Polynesia},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {380},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {284 - 289},
	abstract = {Abstract Rivers have long been recognized for their ability to shape reef-bound volcanic islands. On the time-scale of glacial{\textendash}interglacial sea-level cycles, fluvial incision of exposed barrier reef lagoons may compete with constructional coral growth to shape the coastal geomorphology of ocean islands. However, overprinting of Pleistocene landscapes by Holocene erosion or sedimentation has largely obscured the role lowstand river incision may have played in developing the deep lagoons typical of modern barrier reefs. Here we use high-resolution seismic imagery and core stratigraphy to examine how erosion and/or deposition by upland drainage networks has shaped coastal morphology on Tahaa, a barrier reef-bound island located along the Society Islands hotspot chain in French Polynesia. At Tahaa, we find that many channels, incised into the lagoon floor during Pleistocene sea-level lowstands, are located near the mouths of upstream terrestrial drainages. Steeper antecedent topography appears to have enhanced lowstand fluvial erosion along Tahaa{\textquoteright}s southwestern coast and maintained a deep pass. During highstands, upland drainages appear to contribute little sediment to refilling accommodation space in the lagoon. Rather, the flushing of fine carbonate sediment out of incised fluvial channels by storms and currents appears to have limited lagoonal infilling and further reinforced development of deep barrier reef lagoons during periods of highstand submersion.},
	keywords = {Morphology},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2016.04.008},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025322716300548},
	author = {Michael R. Toomey and Jonathan D. Woodruff and Jeffrey P. Donnelly and Andrew D. Ashton and J. Taylor Perron}
}
@article {2478,
	title = {Stability of peatland carbon to rising temperatures},
	journal = {Nature Communications},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2016},
	month = {Jan-12-2017},
	pages = {13723},
	abstract = {Peatlands contain one-third of soil carbon (C), mostly buried in deep, saturated anoxic zones (catotelm). The response of catotelm C to climate forcing is uncertain, because prior experiments have focused on surface warming. We show that deep peat heating of a 2 m-thick peat column results in an exponential increase in CH4 emissions. However, this response is due solely to surface processes and not degradation of catotelm peat. Incubations show that only the top 20{\textendash}30 cm of peat from experimental plots have higher CH4 production rates at elevated temperatures. Radiocarbon analyses demonstrate that CH4 and CO2 are produced primarily from decomposition of surface-derived modern photosynthate, not catotelm C. There are no differences in microbial abundances, dissolved organic matter concentrations or degradative enzyme activities among treatments. These results suggest that although surface peat will respond to increasing temperature, the large reservoir of catotelm C is stable under current anoxic conditions.},
	doi = {10.1038/ncomms13723},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/ncomms13723},
	author = {Wilson, R. M. and Hopple, A. M. and Tfaily, M. M. and Sebestyen, S. D. and Schadt, C. W. and Pfeifer-Meister, L. and Medvedeff, C. and McFarlane, K. J. and Kostka, J. E. and Kolton, M. and Kolka, R.K. and Kluber, L. A. and Keller, J. K. and Guilderson, T. P. and Griffiths, N. A. and Chanton, J. P. and Bridgham, S. D. and Hanson, P. J.}
}
@article {Simkus2016264,
	title = {Variations in microbial carbon sources and cycling in the deep continental subsurface},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {173},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {264 - 283},
	abstract = {Abstract Deep continental subsurface fracture water systems, ranging from 1.1 to 3.3 km below land surface (kmbls), were investigated to characterize the indigenous microorganisms and elucidate microbial carbon sources and their cycling. Analysis of phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) abundances and direct cell counts detected varying biomass that was not correlated with depth. Compound-specific carbon isotope analyses (δ13C and Δ14C) of the phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and carbon substrates combined with genomic analyses did identify, however, distinct carbon sources and cycles between the two depth ranges studied. In the shallower boreholes at circa 1 kmbls, isotopic evidence indicated microbial incorporation of biogenic \{CH4\} by the in situ microbial community. At the shallowest site, 1.05 kmbls in Driefontein mine, this process clearly dominated the isotopic signal. At slightly deeper depths, 1.34 kmbls in Beatrix mine, the isotopic data indicated the incorporation of both biogenic \{CH4\} and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) derived from \{CH4\} oxidation. In both of these cases, molecular genetic analysis indicated that methanogenic and methanotrophic organisms together comprised a small component (\&lt;5\%) of the microbial community. Thus, it appears that a relatively minor component of the prokaryotic community is supporting a much larger overall bacterial community in these samples. In the samples collected from \&gt;3 kmbls in Tau Tona mine (TT107, \{TT109\} Bh2), the \{CH4\} had an isotopic signature suggesting a predominantly abiogenic origin with minor inputs from microbial methanogenesis. In these samples, the isotopic enrichments (δ13C and Δ14C) of the \{PLFAs\} relative to \{CH4\} were consistent with little incorporation of \{CH4\} into the biomass. The most 13C-enriched \{PLFAs\} were observed in \{TT107\} where the dominant CO2-fixation pathway was the acetyl-CoA pathway by non-acetogenic bacteria. The differences in the δ13C of the \{PLFAs\} and the \{DIC\} and \{DOC\} for \{TT109\} Bh2 were \~{}-24{\textperthousand} and 0{\textperthousand}, respectively. The dominant CO2-fixation pathways were 3-HP/4-HB cycle \&gt; acetyl-CoA pathway \&gt; reductive pentose phosphate cycle.},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.10.003},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016703715005852},
	author = {Danielle N. Simkus and Greg F. Slater and Barbara Sherwood Lollar and Kenna Wilkie and Thomas L. Kieft and Cara Magnabosco and Maggie C.Y. Lau and Michael J. Pullin and Sarah B. Hendrickson and K. Eric Wommack and Eric G. Sakowski and Esta van Heerden and Olukayode Kuloyo and Borja Linage and Gaetan Borgonie and Tullis C. Onstott}
}
@article {21,
	title = {A 12,000-yr pollen record off Cape Hatteras {\textemdash} Pollen sources and mechanisms of pollen dispersion},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {367},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {118-129},
	abstract = {Integrating both marine and terrestrial signals from the same sediment core is one of the primary challenges for understanding the role of ocean{\textendash}atmosphere coupling throughout past climate changes. It is therefore vital to understand how the pollen signal of a given marine record reflects the vegetation changes of the neighboring continent. The comparison between the pollen record of marine core JPC32 (KNR178JPC32) and available terrestrial pollen sequences from eastern North America over the last 12,170 years indicates that the pollen signature off Cape Hatteras gives an integrated image of the regional vegetation encompassing the Pee Dee river, Chesapeake and Delaware hydrographic basins and is reliable in reconstructing the past climate of the adjacent continent. Extremely high quantities of pollen grains included in the marine sediments off Cape Hatteras were transferred from the continent to the sea, at intervals 10,100{\textendash}8800 cal yr BP, 8300{\textendash}7500 cal yr BP, 5800{\textendash}4300 cal yr BP and 2100{\textendash}730 cal yr BP, during storm events favored by episodes of rapid sea-level rise in the eastern coast of US. In contrast, pollen grains export was reduced during 12,170{\textendash}10,150 cal yr BP and 4200{\textendash}2200 cal yr BP, during episodes of intense continental dryness and slow sea level rise episodes or lowstands in the eastern coast of US. The near absence of reworked pollen grains in core JPC32 contrasts with the high quantity of reworked material in nearby but deeper located marine sites, suggesting that the JPC32 record was not affected by the Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC) since the end of the Younger Dryas and should be considered a key site for studying past climate changes in the western North Atlantic.},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2015.06.003},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025322715001255},
	author = {Naughton, F. and Keigwin, L. and Peteet, D. and Costas, S. and Desprat, S. and Oliveira, D. and de Vernal, A. and Voelker, A. and Abrantes, F.}
}
@article {19,
	title = {African Baobabs with False Inner Cavities: The Radiocarbon Investigation of the Lebombo Eco Trail Baobab},
	journal = {PLoS One},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2015},
	note = {PT: J; TC: 0; UT: WOS:000348470400021},
	pages = {e0117193-e0117193},
	abstract = {The article reports the radiocarbon investigation results of the Lebombo Eco Trail tree, a representative African baobab from Mozambique. Several wood samples collected from the large inner cavity and from the outer part of the tree were investigated by AMS radiocarbon dating. According to dating results, the age values of all samples increase from the sampling point with the distance into the wood. For samples collected from the cavity walls, the increase of age values with the distance into the wood (up to a point of maximum age) represents a major anomaly. The only realistic explanation for this anomaly is that such inner cavities are, in fact, natural empty spaces between several fused stems disposed in a ring-shaped structure. We named them false cavities. Several important differences between normal cavities and false cavities are presented. Eventually, we dated other African baobabs with false inner cavities. We found that this new architecture enables baobabs to reach large sizes and old ages. The radiocarbon date of the oldest sample was 1425 +/- 24 BP, which corresponds to a calibrated age of 1355 +/- 15 yr. The dating results also show that the Lebombo baobab consists of five fused stems, with ages between 900 and 1400 years; these five stems build the complete ring. The ring and the false cavity closed 800-900 years ago. The results also indicate that the stems stopped growing toward the false cavity over the past 500 years.},
	issn = {1932-6203},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0117193},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Woodborne, Stephan and von Reden, Karl F. and Hall, Grant and Hofmeyr, Michele and Lowy, Daniel A. and Patrut, Roxana T.}
}
@article {549,
	title = {AMS radiocarbon dating of very large Grandidier{\textquoteright}s baobabs (Adansonia grandidieri)},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
	volume = {361},
	year = {2015},
	note = {Cu2hzTimes Cited:2Cited References Count:20},
	month = {Oct 15},
	pages = {591-598},
	abstract = {The article reports the AMS radiocarbon investigation of the two largest known Adansonia grandidieri specimens. The two baobabs, which are named Tsitakakoike and Pregnant baobab, are located in Southwestern Madagascar, near Andombiro. A third specimen from this area, the House baobab, was also investigated. According to measurements, Tsitakakoike is the biggest individual above ground level of all Adansonia species. The House baobab was selected for its exposed structure, which is identical to the closed ring-shaped structure with false cavities identified by us in large and old Adansonia digitata specimens. According to our research, Tsitakakoike and the Pregnant baobab have multi-stemmed cylindrical trunks which are mainly hollow; the two very large baobabs also possess a ring-shaped structure. The radiocarbon dates of the oldest wood samples collected from the large trunks were 1274 {\textpm} 20 bp for Tsitakakoike and 930 {\textpm} 20 bp for the Pregnant baobab. According to their original positions and to the architectures of the two A. grandidieri, the ages of Tsitakakoike and Pregnant baobab would be between 1300 and 1500 years. Therefore, A. grandidieri becomes the third Adansonia species with individuals that can live over 1000 years, according to accurate dating results.},
	issn = {0168-583X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.nimb.2015.04.044},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and von Reden, Karl F. and Danthu, Pascal and Leong Pock-Tsy, Jean-Michel and Rakosy, Laszlo and Patrut, Roxana T. and Lowy, Daniel A. and Margineanu, Dragos}
}
@article {2582,
	title = {Ancient population genomics and the study of evolution},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences},
	volume = {370,},
	year = {2015},
	month = {Jul-01-2016},
	abstract = {Recently, the study of ancient DNA (aDNA) has been greatly enhanced by the development of second-generation DNA sequencing technologies and targeted enrichment strategies. These developments have allowed the recovery of several complete ancient genomes, a result that would have been considered virtually impossible only a decade ago. Prior to these developments, aDNA research was largely focused on the recovery of short DNA sequences and their use in the study of phylogenetic relationships, molecular rates, species identification and population structure. However, it is now possible to sequence a large number of modern and ancient complete genomes from a single species and thereby study the genomic patterns of evolutionary change over time. Such a study would herald the beginnings of ancient population genomics and its use in the study of evolution. Species that are amenable to such large-scale studies warrant increased research effort. We report here progress on a population genomic study of the Ad{\'e}lie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae). This species is ideally suited to ancient population genomic research because both modern and ancient samples are abundant in the permafrost conditions of Antarctica. This species will enable us to directly address many of the fundamental questions in ecology and evolution.},
	issn = {0962-8436},
	doi = {10.1098/rstb.2013.0381},
	url = {http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/cgi/doi/10.1098/rstb.2013.0381},
	author = {Parks, M. and Subramanian, S. and Baroni, C. and Salvatore, M. C. and Zhang, G. and Millar, C. D. and Lambert, D. M.}
}
@article {31,
	title = {Assessment of branched GDGTs as temperature proxies in sedimentary records from several small lakes in southwestern Greenland},
	journal = {Organic Geochemistry},
	volume = {82},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {33-41},
	abstract = {This study of five small (<3.0 ha) lakes in southwestern Greenland examines the veracity of branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (br GDGTs) as a temperature proxy in lacustrine systems. The proximity (<5 km) of the lakes suggests that their temperature history, and thus their br GDGT records, should be similar. Distributions of br GDGTs in (i) surface sediments from all five lakes, (ii) 14C-dated sediment cores from two lakes (Upper and Lower EVV Lakes) and (iii) soil samples from the area surrounding the lakes were examined. The temporal records of br GDGT-based temperature for the two cores exhibited both similarities and major discrepancies. The differences between the paleotemperature records for the two lakes suggest that br GDGTs are not solely soil-derived, reflecting air temperature, but also indicate an additional br GDGT contribution from another source. Among the broader suite of lake sediments, there was a strong correlation (R2 0.987) between br GDGT-based surface sediment temperatures and measured summer bottom water temperatures for the four lakes with hypoxic/anoxic bottom waters, including Upper EVV Lake. The correlation suggests production of br GDGTs by anaerobic bacteria within the bottom water and/or sediment{\textendash}water interface, reflecting environmental temperature for the individual lakes and augmenting the uniform, soil-derived signal. Hence, assessment of br GDGTs in Greenland lake sediments provides evidence for their origin from anaerobic autochthonous bacteria and indicates that interpretation of lacustrine br GDGT-based paleotemperature records requires contextual knowledge of individual lake systems and potential source(s) of sedimentary br GDGTs.},
	issn = {0146-6380},
	doi = {10.1016/j.orggeochem.2015.02.005},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0146638015000388},
	author = {Colcord, Devon E. and Cadieux, Sarah B. and Brassell, Simon C. and Casta{\~n}eda, Isla S. and Pratt, Lisa M. and White, Jeffrey R.}
}
@article {2595,
	title = {Coastal evidence for Holocene subduction-zone earthquakes and tsunamis in central Chile},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {113},
	year = {2015},
	month = {Jan-04-2015},
	pages = {93 - 111},
	abstract = {The \~{}500-year historical record of seismicity along the central Chile coast (30{\textendash}34{\textdegree}S) is characterized by a series of \~{}M 8.0{\textendash}8.5 earthquakes followed by low tsunamis (<4 m) occurring on the megathrust about every 80 years. One exception is the AD 1730 great earthquake (M 9.0{\textendash}9.5) and high tsunami (>10 m), but the frequency of such large events is unknown. We extend the seismic history of central Chile through a study of a lowland stratigraphic sequence along the metropolitan coast north of Valpara{\'\i}so (33{\textdegree}S). At this site, higher relative sea level during the mid Holocene created a tidal marsh and the accommodation space necessary for sediment that preserves earthquake and tsunami evidence. Within this 2600-yr-long sequence, we traced six laterally continuous sand beds probably deposited by high tsunamis. Plant remains that underlie the sand beds were radiocarbon dated to 6200, 5600, 5000, 4400, 3800, and 3700 cal yr BP. Sediment properties and diatom assemblages of the sand beds{\textemdash}for example, anomalous marine planktonic diatoms and upward fining of silt-sized diatom valves{\textemdash}point to a marine sediment source and high-energy deposition. Grain-size analysis shows a strong similarity between inferred tsunami deposits and modern coastal sediment. Upward fining sequences characteristic of suspension deposition are present in five of the six sand beds. Despite the lack of significant lithologic changes between the sedimentary units under- and overlying tsunami deposits, we infer that the increase in freshwater siliceous microfossils in overlying units records coseismic uplift concurrent with the deposition of five of the sand beds. During our mid-Holocene window of evidence preservation, the mean recurrence interval of earthquakes and tsunamis is \~{}500 years. Our findings imply that the frequency of historical earthquakes in central Chile is not representative of the greatest earthquakes and tsunamis that the central Chilean subduction zone has produced.},
	keywords = {Coastal hazards, Coastal paleoseismology, Diatom paleoecology, Prehistoric earthquakes, Tsunami Deposits},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.10.015},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.10.015},
	author = {Dura, Tina and Cisternas, Marco and Horton, Benjamin P. and Ely, Lisa L. and Nelson, Alan R. and Wesson, Robert L. and Pilarczyk, Jessica E.}
}
@article {18,
	title = {Controls on the distribution and fractionation of yttrium and rare earth elements in core sediments from the Mandovi estuary, western India},
	journal = {Continental Shelf Research},
	volume = {92},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {59-71},
	abstract = {Mineralogy, major elements (Fe, Mn and Al), rare earths and yttrium (REY) of bulk sediments were analyzed in four gravity cores recovered along the main channel of the Mandovi estuary, western India, to determine the sources and controls on REY distribution. The accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) ages of total organic carbon indicated modern age for the sediments of the upper estuary and, maximum mean ages of 1588 years AD and 539 years AD for the bottom sediments of the cores in the lower estuary and bay, respectively. The sediments of the upper/middle estuary showed abundant hematite, magnetite and goethite and high Fe, Mn, total-REE (ΣREE) and Y, while those in the lower estuary/bay showed abundant silicate minerals and relatively low Fe, Mn, ΣREE and Y. ΣREE showed significant correlation with clay and silt fractions and Y, Al and organic carbon (OC) content of the sediments. The light to heavy REE ratios (LREE/HREE) of sediments were lower than in Post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS). The PAAS-normalized rare earths and yttrium (REY; Y inserted between Dy and Ho) patterns of sediments showed middle REE (MREE)- and HREE-enrichment with positive Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu⁎) and variable Ce anomaly (Ce/Ce⁎). The REY of sediments is primarily controlled by its texture and REE of source sediment, which is ore material-dominated in the upper/middle estuary and silicate material-dominated in the lower estuary/bay. Low LREE/HREE ratios suggest that very fine-grained sediments were carried away from the estuary because of high-energy conditions. Fractionations of REY (Y/Ho, Sm/Nd, Ce/Ce⁎ and Eu/Eu⁎) are controlled by different mechanisms. High Y/Ho ratios in clayey silts are due to redistribution of Y and Ho by adsorption onto organic-rich, clays. Variations in Sm/Nd ratios are similar to that of Eu/Eu⁎ in cores from the lower estuary/bay and are controlled by mineral constituents of the sediments. Positive Ce and Eu anomalies are inherited from ore material, and ore material and source rocks, respectively. Negative Ce anomaly is related to source rock material and influenced by lanthanum enrichment at certain sediment intervals.},
	issn = {0278-4343},
	doi = {10.1016/j.csr.2014.11.003},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278434314003215},
	author = {Prajith, A. and Rao, V. Purnachandra and Kessarkar, Pratima M.}
}
@article {2569,
	title = {Glacial-interglacial changes in central tropical Pacific surface seawater property gradients},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {30},
	year = {2015},
	month = {Jan-05-2015},
	pages = {423 - 438},
	abstract = {Much uncertainty exists about the state of the oceanic and atmospheric circulation in the tropical Pacific over the last glacial cycle. Studies have been hampered by the fact that sediment cores suitable for study were concentrated in the western and eastern parts of the tropical Pacific, with little information from the central tropical Pacific. Here we present information from a suite of sediment cores collected from the Line Islands Ridge in the central tropical Pacific, which show sedimentation rates and stratigraphies suitable for paleoceanographic investigations. Based on the radiocarbon and oxygen isotope measurements on the planktonic foraminifera Globigerinoides ruber, we construct preliminary age models for selected cores and show that the gradient in the oxygen isotope ratio of G. ruber between the equator and 8{\textdegree}N is enhanced during glacial stages relative to interglacial stages. This stronger gradient could reflect enhanced equatorial cooling (perhaps reflecting a stronger Walker circulation) or an enhanced salinity gradient (perhaps reflecting increased rainfall in the central tropical Pacific).},
	doi = {10.1002/2014PA002746},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/2014PA002746},
	author = {Lynch-Stieglitz, Jean and Polissar, Pratigya J. and Jacobel, Allison W. and Hovan, Steven A. and Pockalny, Robert A. and Lyle, Mitchell and Murray, Richard W. and Ravelo, A. Christina and Bova, Samantha C. and Dunlea, Ann G. and Ford, Heather L. and Hertzberg, Jennifer E. and Wertman, Christina A. and Maloney, Ashley E. and Shackford, Julia K. and Wejnert, Katherine and Xie, Ruifang C.}
}
@article { ISI:000352212200018,
	title = {Late Holocene glacial advance and ice shelf growth in Barilari Bay, Graham Land, west Antarctic Peninsula},
	journal = {GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN},
	volume = {127},
	number = {{1-2}},
	year = {2015},
	month = {JAN-FEB},
	pages = {297-315},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Three marine sediment cores were collected along the length of the fjord axis of Barilari Bay, Graham Land, west Antarctic Peninsula (65 degrees 55{\textquoteright}S, 64 degrees 43{\textquoteright}W). Multi-proxy analytical results constrained by high-resolution geochronological methods (Pb-210, radiocarbon, Cs-137) in concert with historical observations capture a record of Holocene paleoenvironmental variability. Our results suggest early and middle Holocene (>7022-2815 cal. {[}calibrated] yr B.P.) retreated glacial positions and seasonally open marine conditions with increased primary productivity. Climatic cooling increased sea ice coverage and decreased primary productivity during the Neoglacial (2815 to cal. 730 cal. yr B.P.). This climatic cooling culminated with glacial advance to maximum Holocene positions and expansion of a fjord-wide ice shelf during the Little Ice Age (LIA) (ca. 730-82 cal. yr B.P.). Seasonally open marine conditions were achieved and remnant ice shelves decayed within the context of recent rapid regional warming (82 cal. yr B.P. to present). Our findings agree with previously observed late Holocene cooling and glacial advance across the Antarctic Peninsula, suggesting that the LIA was a regionally significant event with few disparities in timing and magnitude. Comparison of the LIA Antarctic Peninsula record to the rest of the Southern Hemisphere demonstrates close synchronicity in the southeast Pacific and southern most Atlantic region but less coherence for the southwest Pacific and Indian Oceans. Comparisons with the Northern Hemisphere demonstrate that the LIA Antarctic Peninsula record was contemporaneous with pre-LIA cooling and sea ice expansion in the North Atlantic-Arctic, suggesting a global reach for these events.},
	issn = {0016-7606},
	doi = {10.1130/B31035.1},
	author = {Christ, Andrew J. and Talaia-Murray, Manique and Elking, Natalie and Domack, Eugene W. and Leventer, Amy and Lavoie, Caroline and Brachfeld, Stefanie and Yoo, Kyu-Cheul and Gilbert, Robert and Jeong, Sun-Mi and Petrushak, Stephen and Wellner, Julia and LARISSA Grp}
}
@article {543,
	title = {Late Holocene precipitation variability recorded in the sediments of Reloncav{\'\i} Fjord (41{\textdegree}S, 72{\textdegree}W), Chile},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {84},
	year = {2015},
	note = {Co0ceTimes Cited:1Cited References Count:93},
	month = {Jul},
	pages = {21-36},
	abstract = {We present reconstructions of late Holocene changes in the source of organic matter and siliceous export production in the Relocanv{\'\i} Fjord (41{\textdegree}S, 72{\textdegree}W), Northern Chilean Patagonia, based on organic carbon content, δ13Corg, N/C ratio, diatom assemblages and biogenic silica contents from three sediment cores. The age models are based on a combination of 210Pb profiles, AMS 14C dating, and on the first occurrence of the diatom Rhizosolenia setigera f. pungens, as a stratigraphic marker in the fjords. The cores span the last 300 to 700 yr. Diatoms dominate the siliceous assemblages in the three cores (98\% on average). Our results suggest that precipitation seasonality in the region of Reloncav{\'\i} was high in CE 1300{\textendash}1400 and CE 1700{\textendash}1850, with a clear decreasing trend since CE 1850. The latter trend is in agreement with instrumental records and tree-ring reconstructions. These fluctuations seem to be associated with the Southern Annular Mode (SAM).},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2015.05.006},
	author = {Rebolledo, Lorena and Lange, Carina B. and Bertrand, S{\'e}bastien and Mu{\~n}oz, Praxedes and Salamanca, Marco and Lazo, Pablo and Iriarte, Jos{\'e} L. and Vargas, Gabriel and Pantoja, Silvio and Dezileau, Laurent}
}
@article {2495,
	title = {Low-frequency storminess signal at Bermuda linked to cooling events in the North Atlantic region},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {30},
	year = {2015},
	month = {Jan-02-2015},
	pages = {52 - 76},
	abstract = {North Atlantic climate archives provide evidence for increased storm activity during the Little Ice Age (150 to 600 calibrated years (cal years) B.P.) and centered at 1700 and 3000 cal years B.P., typically in centennial-scale sedimentary records. Meteorological (tropical versus extratropical storms) and climate forcings of this signal remain poorly understood, although variability in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) or Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) are frequently hypothesized to be involved. Here we present records of late Holocene storminess and coastal temperature change from a Bermudian submarine cave that is hydrographically circulated with the coastal ocean. Thermal variability in the cave is documented by stable oxygen isotope values of cave benthic foraminifera, which document a close linkage between regional temperature change and NAO phasing during the late Holocene. However, erosion of terrestrial sediment into the submarine cave provides a {\textquotedblleft}storminess signal{\textquotedblright} that correlates with higher-latitude storminess archives and broader North Atlantic cooling events. Understanding the driver of this storminess signal will require higher-resolution storm records to disentangle the contribution of tropical versus extratropical cyclones and a better understanding of cyclone activity during hemispheric cooling periods. Most importantly, however, the signal in Bermuda appears more closely correlated with proxy-based evidence for subtle AMOC reductions than NAO phasing.},
	doi = {10.1002/2014PA002662},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/2014PA002662https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002\%2F2014PA002662},
	author = {van Hengstum, Peter J. and Donnelly, Jeffrey P. and Kingston, Andrew W. and Williams, Bruce E. and Scott, David B. and Reinhardt, Eduard G. and Little, Shawna N. and Patterson, William P.}
}
@article {17,
	title = {Multiproxy record of monsoon variability from the Ganga Plain during 400{\textendash}1200 A.D},
	journal = {Updated Quaternary Climatic Research in parts of the Third Pole Selected papers from the HOPE-2013 conference, Nainital, India},
	volume = {371},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {157-163},
	abstract = {Understanding on the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) variability is chiefly based upon the marine proxies and a few continental records. The Ganga Plain, one of the most densely populated regions of the world marked by intensive cultivation of monsoon dependent crops and a rich cultural history, is not yet well understood in the context of monsoon variability. We present here a 400{\textendash}1200 A.D. AMS radiocarbon dated record of Ropan Chhapra tal in the Central Ganga Plain using sedimentology, environmental magnetism, and stable isotope of oxygen for ISM variability. The environmental magnetic parameters (χlf, χARM, SIRM/χlf, S-Ratio, B(0)CR and HIRM) inferred antiferromagnetic mineralogy (hematite and/or goethite) independent of grain size variation during 400{\textendash}900 A.D., depicting climate variability within warm humid to warm arid conditions favouring stronger ISM seasonality. Prevalence of ferrimagnetic mineralogy under less oxygenated conditions intermittently demonstrates an altered catchment regime or possibly in response to stronger winter monsoon. The higher δ18O values around 500, 580 and 740 A.D. indicate warm and arid conditions under weak ISM. The lower δ18O values around 480, 540 and 700 A.D. and from 900 to 1200 A.D. occur during warm and humid conditions indicating maximum intensity of the ISM. Increased silt content from 800 A.D. onwards is due to increased surface runoff in response to enhanced precipitation, and the higher clay percentage around 500, 580 and 740 indicates low-energy (ponding) conditions under weak ISM. The well sorted nature of sediment indicates consistency of the lacustrine environments under fairly uniform energy and constant bottom water conditions, under varied monsoonal intensity. Combinations of sediment textures and stable isotope indicate intense ISM at \~{}480 and \~{}540 A.D. with flooding around \~{}700 A.D. and a weak monsoon at 580 and 740 A.D., with drought at 500 A.D. During \~{}900{\textendash}1200 A.D. the multiproxy record suggests strong summer monsoon synchronous with Medieval Warm Period (MWP), whereas after 1200 A.D. the weak monsoon phase coincides with the onset of the Little Ice Age (LIA).},
	issn = {1040-6182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2015.02.040},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618215001470},
	author = {Singh, Dhruv Sen and Gupta, Anil K. and Sangode, S. J. and Clemens, Steven C. and Prakasam, M. and Srivastava, Priyeshu and Prajapati, Shailendra K.}
}
@article {11,
	title = {Palynological reconstruction of environmental changes in coastal wetlands of the Florida Everglades since the mid-Holocene},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {83},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {449-458},
	abstract = {Palynological, loss-on-ignition, and X-ray fluorescence data from a 5.25 m sediment core from a mangrove forest at the mouth of the Shark River Estuary in the southwestern Everglades National Park, Florida were used to reconstruct changes occurring in coastal wetlands since the mid-Holocene. This multi-proxy record contains the longest paleoecological history to date in the southwestern Everglades. The Shark River Estuary basin was formed ~ 5700 cal yr BP in response to increasing precipitation. Initial wetlands were frequently-burned short-hydroperiod prairies, which transitioned into long-hydroperiod prairies with sloughs in which peat deposits began to accumulate continuously about 5250 cal yr BP. Our data suggest that mangrove communities started to appear after ~ 3800 cal yr BP; declines in the abundance of charcoal suggested gradual replacement of fire-dominated wetlands by mangrove forest over the following 2650 yr. By ~ 1150 cal yr BP, a dense Rhizophora mangle dominated mangrove forest had formed at the mouth of the Shark River. The mangrove-dominated coastal ecosystem here was established at least 2000 yr later than has been previously estimated.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2015.03.005},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033589415000290},
	author = {Yao, Qiang and Liu, Kam-biu and Platt, William J. and Rivera-Monroy, Victor H.}
}
@article {2494,
	title = {Relative sea-level change in Connecticut (USA) during the last 2200 yrs},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {428},
	year = {2015},
	month = {Jan-10-2015},
	pages = {217 - 229},
	abstract = {We produced a relative sea-level (RSL) reconstruction from Connecticut (USA) spanning the last \~{}2200 yrs that is free from the influence of sediment compaction. The reconstruction used a suite of vertically- and laterally-ordered sediment samples <=2 cm above bedrock that were collected by excavating a trench along an evenly-sloped bedrock surface. Paleomarsh elevation was reconstructed using a regional-scale transfer function trained on the modern distribution of foraminifera on Long Island Sound salt marshes and supported by bulk-sediment δ13C measurements. The history of sediment accumulation was estimated using an age-elevation model constrained by radiocarbon dates and recognition of pollution horizons of known age. The RSL reconstruction was combined with regional tide-gauge measurements spanning the last \~{}150 yrs before being quantitatively analyzed using an error-in-variables integrated Gaussian process model to identify sea-level trends with formal and appropriate treatment of uncertainty and the temporal distribution of data. RSL rise was stable (\~{}1 mm/yr) from \~{}200 BCE to \~{}1000 CE, slowed to a minimum rate of rise (0.41 mm/yr) at \~{}1400 CE, and then accelerated continuously to reach a current rate of 3.2 mm/yr, which is the fastest, century-scale rate of the last 2200 yrs. Change point analysis identified that modern rates of rise in Connecticut began at 1850{\textendash}1886 CE. This timing is synchronous with changes recorded at other sites on the U.S. Atlantic coast and is likely the local expression of a global sea-level change. Earlier sea-level trends show coherence north of Cape Hatteras that are contrasted with southern sites. This pattern may represent centennial-scale variability in the position and/or strength of the Gulf Stream. Comparison of the new record to three existing and reanalyzed RSL reconstructions from the same site developed using sediment cores indicates that compaction is unlikely to significantly distort RSL reconstructions produced from shallow (\~{}2{\textendash}3 m thick) sequences of salt-marsh peat.},
	keywords = {Atlantic Ocean, Foraminifera, Gulf Stream, Late Holocene, Salt marsh},
	issn = {0012821X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2015.07.034},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0012821X15004690http://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0012821X15004690?httpAccept=text/xmlhttp://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0012821X15004690?httpAccept=text/plain},
	author = {Kemp, Andrew C. and Hawkes, Andrea D. and Donnelly, Jeffrey P. and Vane, Christopher H. and Horton, Benjamin P. and Hill, Troy D. and Anisfeld, Shimon C. and Parnell, Andrew C. and Cahill, Niamh}
}
@article {20,
	title = {Searching for the Oldest Baobab of Madagascar: Radiocarbon Investigation of Large Adansonia rubrostipa Trees},
	journal = {PLoS ONE},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {e0121170},
	abstract = {We extended our research on the architecture, growth and age of trees belonging to the genus Adansonia, by starting to investigate large individuals of the most widespread Malagasy species. Our research also intends to identify the oldest baobabs of Madagascar. Here we present results of the radiocarbon investigation of the two most representative Adansonia rubrostipa (fony baobab) specimens, which are located in south-western Madagascar, in the Tsimanampetsotse National Park. We found that the fony baobab called {\^a}{\texteuro}{\oe}Grandmother{\^a}{\texteuro} consists of 3 perfectly fused stems of different ages. The radiocarbon date of the oldest sample was found to be 1136 {\^A}{\textpm} 16 BP. We estimated that the oldest part of this tree, which is mainly hollow, has an age close to 1,600 yr. This value is comparable to the age of the oldest Adansonia digitata (African baobab) specimens. By its age, the Grandmother is a major candidate for the oldest baobab of Madagascar. The second investigated specimen, called the {\^a}{\texteuro}{\oe}polygamous baobab{\^a}{\texteuro}, consists of 6 partially fused stems of different ages. According to dating results, this fony baobab is 1,000 yr old. This research is the first investigation of the structure and age of Malagasy baobabs.},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0121170},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371\%2Fjournal.pone.0121170},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and von Reden, Karl F. and Danthu, Pascal and Leong Pock-Tsy, Jean-Michel and Patrut, Roxana T. and Lowy, Daniel A.}
}
@article {26,
	title = {Sediment flux and recent paleoclimate in JordanBasin, Gulf of Maine},
	journal = {Continental Shelf Research},
	volume = {96},
	year = {2015},
	note = {PT: J; TC: 0; UT: WOS:000351249700005},
	pages = {45-55},
	abstract = {We report planktonic foraminiferal fluxes (accumulation rates) and oxygen isotopes (5180) from a nine-month sediment trap deployment, and 8180 from three sediment cores in Jordan Basin, Gulf of Maine. The sediment trap was deployed at 150 m, about halfway to the basin floor, and samples were collected every three weeks between August 2010 and May 2011. The planktonic foraminiferal fauna in the trap is dominated by Neogloboquadrina incompta that reached a maximum flux in the second half of October. Oxygen isotope ratios on that species indicate that on average during the collecting period it lived in the surface mixed layer, when compared to predicted values based on data from a nearby hydrographic buoy from the same period. New large diameter piston cores from Jordan Basin are 25 and 28 m long. Marine hemipelagic sediments are 25 m thick, and the sharp contact with underlying red deglacial sediments is bracketed by two radiocarbon dates on bivalves that indicate ice-free conditions began 16,900 calibrated years ago. Radiocarbon dating of foraminifera indicates that the basin floor sediments (270-290 m) accumulated at > 3 m/kyr during the Holocene, whereas rates were about one tenth that on the basin slope (230 m). In principle, Jordan Basin sediments have the potential to provide time series with interannual resolution. Our results indicate the Holocene is marked by similar to 2 degrees C variability in SST, and the coldest events of the 20th century, during the mid 1960s and mid 1920s, appear to be recorded in the uppermost 50 cm of the seafloor. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0278-4343},
	doi = {10.1016/j.csr.2015.01.008},
	author = {Keigwin, Lloyd D. and Pilskaln, Cynthia H.}
}
@article {559,
	title = {Sinking particle flux in the sea ice zone of the Amundsen Shelf, Antarctica},
	journal = {Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers},
	volume = {101},
	year = {2015},
	note = {Ck4reTimes Cited:4Cited References Count:38},
	month = {Jul},
	pages = {110-117},
	abstract = {We have examined the flux, biogenic composition, and isotopic values of sinking particles collected by a time-series sediment trap deployed in the sea ice zone (SIZ) of the Amundsen Sea from January 2011 for 1 year. The major portion of the particle flux occurred during the austral summer in January and February when sea ice concentration was reduced to 30 \%) and a low bio-Si/POC ratio (<0.5) during the austral winter. CaCO3 content and its contribution to total particle flux was low (~6 \%) throughout the study period. Aged POC likely supplied from sediment resuspension accounted for a considerable fraction only from October to December, which was evidenced by a low radiocarbon content and relatively high (30{\textendash}50 \%) content of the non-biogenic components. When compared with POC flux inside the Amundsen Sea polynya obtained by the US Amundsen Sea Polynya International Research Expedition (ASPIRE), the POC flux integrated over the austral summer in the SIZ was virtually identical, although the maximum POC flux was approximately half that inside the Amundsen Sea polynya. This comparatively high POC flux integrated over the austral summer in the SIZ may be caused by phytoplankton blooms persisting over a longer periods and more efficient export of organic matter potentially owing to the diatom-dominant plankton community. If this observation is a general phenomenon on the Amundsen Shelf, the role of the SIZ, compared with the polynyas, need to be examined more carefully when trying to characterize the POC export in this region.},
	issn = {0967-0637},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dsr.2015.04.002},
	author = {Kim, Minkyoung and Hwang, Jeomshik and Kim, Hyung J. and Kim, Dongseon and Yang, Eun J. and Ducklow, Hugh W. and Hyoung, S. La and Lee, Sang H. and Park, Jisoo and Lee, SangHoon}
}
@article {545,
	title = {A 2000-yr reconstruction of air temperature in the Great Basin of the United States with specific reference to the Medieval Climatic Anomaly},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {82},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Aq8ljTimes Cited:0Cited References Count:70},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {309-317},
	abstract = {A sediment core representing the past two millennia was recovered from Stella Lake in the Snake Range of the central Great Basin in Nevada. The core was analyzed for sub-fossil chironomids and sediment organic content. A quantitative reconstruction of mean July air temperature (MJAT) was developed using a regional training set and a chironomid-based WA-PLS inference model (r2jack = 0.55, RMSEP = 0.9{\textdegree}C). The chironomid-based MJAT reconstruction suggests that the interval between AD 900 and AD 1300, corresponding to the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA), was characterized by MJAT elevated 1.0{\textdegree}C above the subsequent Little Ice Age (LIA), but likely not as warm as recent conditions. Comparison of the Stella Lake temperature reconstruction to previously published paleoclimate records from this region indicates that the temperature fluctuations inferred to have occurred at Stella Lake between AD 900 and AD 1300 correspond to regional records documenting hydroclimate variability during the MCA interval. The Stella Lake record provides evidence that elevated summer temperature contributed to the increased aridity that characterized the western United States during the MCA.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2014.06.002},
	author = {Reinemann, Scott A. and Porinchu, David F. and MacDonald, Glen M. and Mark, Bryan G. and DeGrand, James Q.}
}
@article {2543,
	title = {Advection and scavenging controls of Pa/Th in the northern NE Atlantic},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2014},
	month = {Jan-06-2014},
	pages = {668 - 679},
	abstract = {Over the last 2 decades, significant advances have been made in reconstructing past rates of ocean circulation using sedimentary proxies for the dynamics of abyssal waters. In this study we combine the use of two rate proxies, sortable silt grain size, and sedimentary 231Pa/230Th, measured on a depth transect of deep-sea sediment cores from the northern NE Atlantic, to investigate ocean circulation changes during the last deglacial. We find that at two deep sites, the core-top 231Pa/230Th ratios reflect Holocene circulation rates, while during Heinrich Stadial 1, the deglacial ratios peaked as the sortable silt grain size decreased, reflecting a general circulation slowdown. However, the peak 231Pa/230Th significantly exceeded the production ratio in both cores, indicating that 231Pa/230Th was only partially controlled by ocean circulation at these sites. This is supported by a record of 231Pa/230Th from an intermediate water depth site, where values also peaked during Heinrich Stadial 1, but were consistently above the production ratio over the last 24 ka, reflecting high scavenging below productive surface waters. At our study sites, we find that preserved sediment component fluxes cannot be used to distinguish between a scavenging or circulation control, although they are consistent with a circulation influence, since the core at intermediate depth with the highest 231Pa/230Th recorded the lowest particle fluxes. Reconstruction of advection rate using 231Pa/230Th in this region is complicated by high productivity, but the data nevertheless contain important information on past deep ocean circulation.},
	doi = {10.1002/2014PA002633},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/2014PA002633},
	author = {Roberts, Natalie L. and McManus, Jerry F. and Piotrowski, Alexander M. and McCave, I. Nicholas}
}
@article {2591,
	title = {Diverse rupture modes for surface-deforming upper-plate earthquakes in the southern Puget Lowland of Washington State},
	journal = {Geosphere},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2014},
	month = {Jan-01-2014},
	pages = {769},
	abstract = {Earthquake prehistory of the southern Puget Lowland, in the north-south compressive regime of the migrating Cascadia forearc, reflects diverse earthquake rupture modes with variable recurrence. Stratigraphy and Bayesian analyses of previously reported and new 14C ages in trenches and cores along backthrust scarps in the Seattle fault zone restrict a large earthquake to 1040{\textendash}910 cal yr B.P. (2σ), an interval that includes the time of the M 7{\textendash}7.5 Restoration Point earthquake. A newly identified surface-rupturing earthquake along the Waterman Point backthrust dates to 940{\textendash}380 cal yr B.P., bringing the number of earthquakes in the Seattle fault zone in the past 3500 yr to 4 or 5. Whether scarps record earthquakes of moderate (M 5.5{\textendash}6.0) or large (M 6.5{\textendash}7.0) magnitude, backthrusts of the Seattle fault zone may slip during moderate to large earthquakes every few hundred years for periods of 1000{\textendash}2000 yr, and then not slip for periods of at least several thousands of years. Four new fault scarp trenches in the Tacoma fault zone show evidence of late Holocene folding and faulting about the time of a large earthquake or earthquakes inferred from widespread coseismic subsidence ca. 1000 cal yr B.P.; 12 ages from 8 sites in the Tacoma fault zone limit the earthquakes to 1050{\textendash}980 cal yr B.P. Evidence is too sparse to determine whether a large earthquake was closely predated or postdated by other earthquakes in the Tacoma basin, but the scarp of the Tacoma fault was formed by multiple earthquakes. In the northeast-striking Saddle Mountain deformation zone, along the western limit of the Seattle and Tacoma fault zones, analysis of previous ages limits earthquakes to 1200{\textendash}310 cal yr B.P. The prehistory clarifies earthquake clustering in the central Puget Lowland, but cannot resolve potential structural links among the three Holocene fault zones.},
	issn = {1553040X},
	doi = {10.1130/GES00967.110.1130/GES00967.S1},
	url = {https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/geosphere/article/10/4/769-796/132175},
	author = {Nelson, Alan R. and Personius, Stephen F. and Sherrod, Brian L. and Kelsey, Harvey M. and Johnson, Samuel Y. and Bradley, Lee-Ann and Wells, Ray E.}
}
@article {553,
	title = {Gas hydrate destabilization and methane release events in the Krishna{\textendash}Godavari Basin, Bay of Bengal},
	journal = {Marine and Petroleum Geology},
	volume = {58},
	year = {2014},
	note = {AAy4wyTimes Cited:2Cited References Count:97},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {476-489},
	abstract = {Methane release events have been linked to global warming, alteration of the carbon cycle and influence on biota. However, unequivocal evidence of paleomethane release events are limited. We report several negative carbon stable isotope excursions in planktic and benthic foraminifera in a core (MD161-8) from the Krishna-Godavari (K{\textendash}G) Basin, Bay of Bengal. The most negative δ13C spikes are recorded during the marine isotope stages MIS-4 and at the transition of MIS-5 to 4. Occurrence of highly 13C depleted (average δ13C = -48 {\textpm} 2.4{\textperthousand} VPDB) authigenic high magnesian calcite are also reported within this time window from the core MD161-8. In the present work an unequivocal explanation for the observed 13C depletion in the marine planktic and benthic foraminifera is difficult to achieve solely from the optical/electron microscopy or C{\textendash}O stable isotope ratio analyses due to possible influence of diagenetic alteration. We attribute the observed episodic methane expulsion events, as inferred from the negative δ13C excursions and earlier reports on the occurrence chemosynthetic bivalves and Mo concentration anomaly to the destabilization of the base of gas hydrate stability zone (BGHSZ). Sea level drop and shale tectonics induced focused fluid flow are the two possible causes of hydrate destabilization discussed here. Shale tectonics were possibly responsible for creating fault systems which acted as the conduit for gas flow through the sediment column and subsequent seepage. Shale and salt tectonics in the passive continental margins being a globally observed phenomenon, its role as an important driving force for enhanced methane emission needs detailed investigation to understand the climatic perturbations through geologic time. Additional evidence of methane emission from site MD161-15 further supports the link between shale tectonics and methane emission.},
	issn = {0264-8172},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.08.013},
	author = {Joshi, R. K. and Mazumdar, A. and Peketi, A. and Ramamurty, P. B. and Naik, B. G. and Kocherla, M. and Carvalho, Mary Ann and Mahalakshmi, P. and Dewangan, P. and Ramana, M. V.}
}
@article {562,
	title = {The geochemistry of deep-sea coral skeletons: A review of vital effects and applications for palaeoceanography},
	journal = {Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography},
	volume = {99},
	year = {2014},
	note = {id: 2340},
	pages = {184-198},
	abstract = {Deep-sea corals were discovered over a century ago, but it is only over recent years that focused efforts have been made to explore the history of the oceans using the geochemistry of their skeletal remains. They offer a promising archive of past oceanic environments given their global distribution, layered growth patterns, longevity and preservation as well as our ability to date them using radiometric techniques. This paper provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art in terms of geochemical approaches to using deep-sea coral skeletons to explore the history of the ocean. Deep-sea coral skeletons have a wide array of morphologies (e.g., solitary cup corals, branching colonial corals) and materials (calcite, aragonite and proteins). As such their biomineralization strategies are diverse, leading to complex geochemistry within coral skeletons. Notwithstanding these complications, progress has been made on developing methods for reconstructing the oceanographic environment in the past using trace elements and isotopic methods. Promising approaches within certain coral groups include clumped isotopes and Mg/Li for temperature reconstructions, boron isotopes and radiocarbon for carbon cycling, Nd, and radiocarbon for circulation studies and δ15N, P/Ca and Ba/Ca for nutrient tracer studies. Likewise there is now a range of techniques for dating deep-sea corals skeletons (e.g., U-series, radiocarbon), and determining their growth rates (e.g., radiocarbon and 210Pb). Dating studies on historic coral populations in the Atlantic, Southern Ocean and Pacific point to climate and environmental changes being dominant controls on coral populations over millennial and orbital timescales. This paper provides a review of a range of successes and promising approaches. It also highlights areas in which further research would likely provide new insights into biomineralization, palaeoceanography and distribution of past coral populations.},
	issn = {0967-0645},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.06.005},
	author = {Robinson, Laura F. and Adkins, Jess F. and Frank, Norbert and Alexander, C. and Prouty, Nancy and Brendan Roark, E. and de Flierdt, Tina van}
}
@article {2592,
	title = {Holocene earthquakes and right-lateral slip on the left-lateral Darrington-Devils Mountain fault zone, northern Puget Sound, Washington},
	journal = {Geosphere},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2014},
	month = {Jan-12-2014},
	pages = {1482 - 1500},
	abstract = {Sources of seismic hazard in the Puget Sound region of northwestern Washington include deep earthquakes associated with the Cascadia subduction zone, and shallow earthquakes associated with some of the numerous crustal (upper-plate) faults that crisscross the region. Our paleoseismic investigations on one of the more prominent crustal faults, the Darrington{\textendash}Devils Mountain fault zone, included trenching of fault scarps developed on latest Pleistocene glacial sediments and analysis of cores from an adjacent wetland near Lake Creek, 14 km southeast of Mount Vernon, Washington. Trench excavations revealed evidence of a single earthquake, radiocarbon dated to ca. 2 ka, but extensive burrowing and root mixing of sediments within 50{\textendash}100 cm of the ground surface may have destroyed evidence of other earthquakes. Cores in a small wetland adjacent to our trench site provided stratigraphic evidence (formation of a laterally extensive, prograding wedge of hillslope colluvium) of an earthquake ca. 2 ka, which we interpret to be the same earthquake documented in the trenches. A similar colluvial wedge lower in the wetland section provides possible evidence for a second earthquake dated to ca. 8 ka. Three-dimensional trenching techniques revealed evidence for 2.2 {\textpm} 1.1 m of right-lateral offset of a glacial outwash channel margin, and 45{\textendash}70 cm of north-side-up vertical separation across the fault zone. These offsets indicate a net slip vector of 2.3 {\textpm} 1.1 m, plunging 14{\textdegree} west on a 286{\textdegree}-striking, 90{\textdegree}-dipping fault plane. The dominant right-lateral sense of slip is supported by the presence of numerous Riedel R shears preserved in two of our trenches, and probable right-lateral offset of a distinctive bedrock fault zone in a third trench. Holocene north-side-up, right-lateral oblique slip is opposite the south-side-up, left-lateral oblique sense of slip inferred from geologic mapping of Eocene and older rocks along the fault zone. The cause of this slip reversal is unknown but may be related to clockwise rotation of the Darrington{\textendash}Devils Mountain fault zone into a position more favorable to right-lateral slip in the modern N-S compressional stress field.},
	doi = {10.1130/GES01067.1},
	url = {https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/geosphere/article/10/6/1482-1500/132254},
	author = {Personius, S. F. and Briggs, R. W. and Nelson, A. R. and Schermer, E. R. and Maharrey, J. Z. and Sherrod, B. L. and Spaulding, S. A. and Bradley, L.-A.}
}
@article { ISI:000346894800004,
	title = {Holocene paleoclimatic variation in the Schirmacher Oasis, East Antarctica: A mineral magnetic approach}},
	journal = {POLAR SCIENCE},
	volume = {8},
	number = {{4}},
	year = {2014},
	month = {DEC},
	pages = {357-369},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {An analysis of remanent magnetism and radiocarbon ages in the dry lacustrine/sediment fills of the Schirmacher Oasis (SO) in East Antarctica was conducted to reconstruct past climatic condition. The statistically run mineral magnetic data on paleontological statistics software package (multivariate cluster analysis) placed on accelerator mass spectrometer radiocarbon chronology of the three sediment sections, trace 6 phases of climatic fluctuation between 13 and 3 ka, (Phases 1, 3 and 5 represent cold periods while Phases 2, 4, and 6 represent warm periods). One short warm period (Phase 2, ca. 12.5 ka) occurred in the late Pleistocene, and two marked warm periods (Phase 4, 11-8.7 ka; Phase 6, 4.4-3 ka) occurred in the Holocene. High magnetic susceptibility (chi), saturation isothermal remanent magnetism (SIRM), and soft isothermal remanent magnetism (soft IRM) values correspond to colder periods and low values reflect comparatively warmer lacustrine phases. Holocene Optima (Phase 4) and Mid Holocene Hypsithermal (Phase 6) are distinguished by decreased values of concentrations dependent parameters. Remanence is preserved in the low-coercive minerals. Heavy metals in the sediments include, Fe, Rb, Zn, Mo, Co, Pb, Mn, Cu, and As in order of decreasing abundance. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. and NIPR. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Holocene, Lacustrine sediments, Mineral remanent magnetism, Paleoclimate, Schirmacher Oasis},
	issn = {1873-9652},
	doi = {10.1016/j.polar.2014.06.001},
	author = {Phartiyal, Binita}
}
@article {69,
	title = {Holocene sea-surface temperature variability in the Chilean fjord region},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {82},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {342-353},
	abstract = {Here we provide three new Holocene (11{\textendash}0 cal ka BP) alkenone-derived sea surface temperature (SST) records from the southernmost Chilean fjord region (50{\textendash}53{\textdegree}S). SST estimates may be biased towards summer temperature in this region, as revealed by a large set of surface sediments. The Holocene records show consistently warmer than present-day SSTs except for the past ~ 0.6 cal ka BP. However, they do not exhibit an early Holocene temperature optimum as registered further north off Chile and in Antarctica. This may have resulted from a combination of factors including decreased inflow of warmer open marine waters due to lower sea-level stands, enhanced advection of colder and fresher inner fjord waters, and stronger westerly winds. During the mid-Holocene, pronounced short-term variations of up to 2.5{\textdegree}C and a cooling centered at ~ 5 cal ka BP, which coincides with the first Neoglacial glacier advance in the Southern Andes, are recorded. The latest Holocene is characterized by two pronounced cold events centered at ~ 0.6 and 0.25 cal ka BP, i.e., during the Little Ice Age. These cold events have lower amplitudes in the offshore records, suggesting an amplification of the SST signal in the inner fjords.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2014.07.009},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033589414000933},
	author = {Caniup{\'a}n, Magaly and Lamy, Frank and Lange, Carina B. and Kaiser, J{\'e}r{\^o}me and Kilian, Rolf and Arz, Helge W. and Le{\'o}n, Tania and Mollenhauer, Gesine and Sandoval, Susana and De Pol-Holz, Ricardo and Pantoja, Silvio and Wellner, Julia and Tiedemann, Ralf}
}
@article {56,
	title = {Late Holocene sea- and land-level change on the U.S. southeastern Atlantic coast},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {357},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {90-100},
	abstract = {Late Holocene relative sea-level (RSL) reconstructions can be used to estimate rates of land-level (subsidence or uplift) change and therefore to modify global sea-level projections for regional conditions. These reconstructions also provide the long-term benchmark against which modern trends are compared and an opportunity to understand the response of sea level to past climate variability. To address a spatial absence of late Holocene data in Florida and Georgia, we reconstructed ~ 1.3 m of RSL rise in northeastern Florida (USA) during the past ~ 2600 years using plant remains and foraminifera in a dated core of high salt-marsh sediment. The reconstruction was fused with tide-gauge data from nearby Fernandina Beach, which measured 1.91 {\textpm} 0.26 mm/year of RSL rise since 1900 CE. The average rate of RSL rise prior to 1800 CE was 0.41 {\textpm} 0.08 mm/year. Assuming negligible change in global mean sea level from meltwater input/removal and thermal expansion/contraction, this sea-level history approximates net land-level (subsidence and geoid) change, principally from glacio-isostatic adjustment. Historic rates of rise commenced at 1850{\textendash}1890 CE and it is virtually certain (P = 0.99) that the average rate of 20th century RSL rise in northeastern Florida was faster than during any of the preceding 26 centuries. The linearity of RSL rise in Florida is in contrast to the variability reconstructed at sites further north on the U.S. Atlantic coast and may suggest a role for ocean dynamic effects in explaining these more variable RSL reconstructions. Comparison of the difference between reconstructed rates of late Holocene RSL rise and historic trends measured by tide gauges indicates that 20th century sea-level trends along the U.S. Atlantic coast were not dominated by the characteristic spatial fingerprint of melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet.},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2014.07.010},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025322714002187},
	author = {Kemp, Andrew C. and Bernhardt, Christopher E. and Horton, Benjamin P. and Kopp, Robert E. and Vane, Christopher H. and Peltier, W. Richard and Hawkes, Andrea D. and Donnelly, Jeffrey P. and Parnell, Andrew C. and Cahill, Niamh}
}
@article {2497,
	title = {Late Holocene sea- and land-level change on the U.S. southeastern Atlantic coast},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {357},
	year = {2014},
	month = {Jan-11-2014},
	pages = {90 - 100},
	abstract = {Late Holocene relative sea-level (RSL) reconstructions can be used to estimate rates of land-level (subsidence or uplift) change and therefore to modify global sea-level projections for regional conditions. These reconstructions also provide the long-term benchmark against which modern trends are compared and an opportunity to understand the response of sea level to past climate variability. To address a spatial absence of late Holocene data in Florida and Georgia, we reconstructed ~ 1.3 m of RSL rise in northeastern Florida (USA) during the past ~ 2600 years using plant remains and foraminifera in a dated core of high salt-marsh sediment. The reconstruction was fused with tide-gauge data from nearby Fernandina Beach, which measured 1.91 {\textpm} 0.26 mm/year of RSL rise since 1900 CE. The average rate of RSL rise prior to 1800 CE was 0.41 {\textpm} 0.08 mm/year. Assuming negligible change in global mean sea level from meltwater input/removal and thermal expansion/contraction, this sea-level history approximates net land-level (subsidence and geoid) change, principally from glacio-isostatic adjustment. Historic rates of rise commenced at 1850{\textendash}1890 CE and it is virtually certain (P = 0.99) that the average rate of 20th century RSL rise in northeastern Florida was faster than during any of the preceding 26 centuries. The linearity of RSL rise in Florida is in contrast to the variability reconstructed at sites further north on the U.S. Atlantic coast and may suggest a role for ocean dynamic effects in explaining these more variable RSL reconstructions. Comparison of the difference between reconstructed rates of late Holocene RSL rise and historic trends measured by tide gauges indicates that 20th century sea-level trends along the U.S. Atlantic coast were not dominated by the characteristic spatial fingerprint of melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet.},
	keywords = {florida, Foraminifera, Glacio-isostatic adjustment Greenland fingerprint, Salt marsh},
	issn = {00253227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2014.07.010},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0025322714002187http://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0025322714002187?httpAccept=text/xmlhttp://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0025322714002187?httpAccept=text/plain},
	author = {Kemp, Andrew C. and Bernhardt, Christopher E. and Horton, Benjamin P. and Kopp, Robert E. and Vane, Christopher H. and Peltier, W. Richard and Hawkes, Andrea D. and Donnelly, Jeffrey P. and Parnell, Andrew C. and Cahill, Niamh}
}
@article {41,
	title = {The late Quaternary environmental evolution of marine Arctic Canada: Barrow Strait to Lancaster Sound},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {91},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {184-203},
	abstract = {A marine sediment core from the east-central Canadian Arctic Archipelago (Core 86027-154; 74{\textdegree} 22.01'N 89{\textdegree} 51.26'W; 329 m water depth), studied by a multiproxy approach [lithostratigraphy, biogeochemistry, micropalaeontology (dinoflagellate cysts, other non-pollen palynomorphs, benthic and planktonic foraminifera, ostracods)], and encompassing 14 AMS 14C dates, provides valuable insights into regional deglacial to Holocene palaeoenvironments. Six palaeoenvironmental zones are recognized, based on prominent changes in the litho- and biostratigraphy. The waterlain diamicton of Zone I records immediate deglaciation, being derived from lift-off and calving of previously grounded glacial ice. Though deglacial timing is complicated by the sparsity of dating materials and the Portlandia Effect, age{\textendash}depth model extrapolation places deglaciation at 11.54 cal ka BP. Zone II (11.5{\textendash}11.0 cal ka BP) represents a distinct progression from initially ice-proximal to increasingly ice-distal conditions, interrupted by an interval of pervasive sea-ice (11.4{\textendash}11.2 cal ka BP). Noteworthy biological activity commences in Zone III (11.0{\textendash}9.7 cal ka BP) with a prominent signal of planktonic foraminifera (Neogloboquadrina pachyderma). This likely signifies penetration of deeper, Atlantic-derived water through the central Canadian Arctic Archipelago upon deglaciation, facilitated by the greater, glacioisostatically-induced water depths (+80 m), and implies separation of Laurentide and Innuitian ice sheets by \~{}11.0 cal ka BP. Zone IV (9.7{\textendash}7.2 cal ka BP) records ameliorated, biologically favourable conditions with reduced seasonal sea-ice accompanied by high microfossil species diversity and the presence of subpolar taxa. Zone V (7.2{\textendash}6.5 cal ka BP) signals the exclusion of Atlantic-derived water, concomitant with increasing sea-ice, simultaneously representing the termination of the dynamic deglacial to early Holocene environments (zones I{\textendash}IV). Conditions similar to modern typified by uniform sediment characteristics, present-day microfossil assemblage structures, and sparse benthic foraminifera were established by 5.6 cal ka BP (Zone VI).},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.09.025},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379113003752},
	author = {Pie{\'n}kowski, Anna J. and England, John H. and Furze, Mark F. A. and MacLean, Brian and Blasco, Steve}
}
@article {42,
	title = {Late Quaternary sedimentary record and Holocene channel avulsions of the Jamuna and Old Brahmaputra River valleys in the upper Bengal delta plain},
	journal = {Tropical Rivers of South and South-east Asia: Landscape evolution, morphodynamics and hazards},
	volume = {227},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {123-136},
	abstract = {The first Holocene stratigraphic record of river-channel occupation and switching between the Brahmaputra{\textendash}Jamuna and Old Brahmaputra paleovalleys is presented here. Motivated by the Brahmaputra River{\textquoteright}s historic avulsion from the Old Brahmaputra channel to its present-day Jamuna course, we have obtained sediment and radiocarbon samples from 41 boreholes along a 120 km transect crossing these two braided-river valleys. The stratigraphy along this transect reveals sand-dominated Holocene channel systems, each bound by remnant, mud-capped Pleistocene stratigraphy. Using sediment lithology and bulk strontium concentration as a provenance indicator, we define the geometry and channel-occupation history of each paleovalley. The western Brahmaputra{\textendash}Jamuna valley is broad and somewhat deeper compared with the Old Brahmaputra valley, the latter actually comprising a composite of two narrower sub-valleys bifurcated by an antecedent topographic remnant. The gently sloped valley margins (slope: 0.002 to 0.007) and high width-to-thickness ratio (W/T: ~ 1000) of the Brahmaputra{\textendash}Jamuna valley suggest that it was filled primarily through lateral channel migration and the reworking of braidbelt and overbank deposits. Conversely, the two Old Brahmaputra sub-valleys have comparatively steeper valley margins (slope: 0.007 to 0.022) and lower width-to-thickness ratios (W/T: ~ 125 and ~ 250), indicating that these were filled primarily through vertical aggradation of channel sands. We attribute this disparity in valley geometry and fill processes to the different occupation histories for each valley. In this case, the much larger Brahmaputra{\textendash}Jamuna valley represents the principal, if not singular, river course during the last lowstand of sea-level, with a prominent gravel lag underlying the valley. In contrast the smaller Old Brahmaputra valleys do not appear to have been present, or at least well developed, at the last lowstand. Rather these courses were first occupied during the early Holocene transgression, and we infer that the river had been previously excluded from this region by the relatively higher elevation between the Madhupur Terrace and the Shillong Massif. We also demonstrate that the Brahmaputra River experienced 3{\textendash}4 major avulsions during the Holocene, with considerably longer occupation times within the principal Brahmaputra{\textendash}Jamuna valley. Together these observations indicate that occupation history and antecedent topography have been important controls on river course mobility and avulsion behavior.},
	issn = {0169-555X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.09.021},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169555X13004868},
	author = {Pickering, Jennifer L. and Goodbred, Steven L. and Reitz, Meredith D. and Hartzog, Thomas R. and Mondal, Dhiman R. and Hossain, Md Saddam}
}
@article {43,
	title = {Maximum age and missing time in the vertebrae of sand tiger shark (Carcharias taurus): validated lifespan from bomb radiocarbon dating in the western North Atlantic and southwestern Indian Oceans},
	journal = {Marine and Freshwater Research},
	volume = {65},
	year = {2014},
	note = {id: 2352},
	pages = {674 - 687},
	abstract = {Bomb radiocarbon analysis of vertebral growth bands was used to validate lifespan for sand tiger sharks (Carcharias taurus) from the western North Atlantic (WNA) and southwestern Indian Oceans (SIO). Visual counts of vertebral growth bands were used to assign age and estimate year of formation (YOF) for sampled growth bands in eight sharks from the WNA and two sharks from the SIO. Carbon-14 results were plotted relative to YOF for comparison with regional Δ14C reference chronologies to assess the accuracy of age estimates. Results from the WNA validated vertebral age estimates up to 12 years, but indicated that ages of large adult sharks were underestimated by 11{\textendash}12 years. Age was also underestimated for adult sharks from the SIO by 14{\textendash}18 years. Validated lifespan for C. taurus individuals in the present study reached at least 40 years for females and 34 years for males. Findings indicated that the current age-reading methodology is not suitable for estimating the age of C. taurus beyond ~12 years. Future work should investigate whether vertebrae of C. taurus record age throughout ontogeny, or cease to be a reliable indicator at some point in time.},
	doi = {10.1071/MF13214},
	author = {Passerotti, M. S. and Andrews, A. H. and Carlson, J. K. and Wintner, S. P. and Goldman, K. J. and Natanson, L. J.}
}
@article {40,
	title = {Mid- to Late-Holocene Australian{\textendash}Indonesian summer monsoon variability},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {93},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {142-154},
	abstract = {The Australian{\textendash}Indonesian monsoon has a governing influence on the agricultural practices and livelihood in the highly populated islands of Indonesia. However, little is known about the factors that have influenced past monsoon activity in southern Indonesia. Here, we present a \~{}6000 years high-resolution record of Australian-Indonesian summer monsoon (AISM) rainfall variations based on bulk sediment element analysis in a sediment archive retrieved offshore northwest Sumba Island (Indonesia). The record suggests lower riverine detrital supply and hence weaker AISM rainfall between 6000 yr BP and \~{}3000 yr BP compared to the Late Holocene. We find a distinct shift in terrigenous sediment supply at around 2800 yr BP indicating a reorganization of the AISM from a drier Mid Holocene to a wetter Late Holocene in southern Indonesia. The abrupt increase in rainfall at around 2800 yr BP coincides with a grand solar minimum. An increase in southern Indonesian rainfall in response to a solar minimum is consistent with climate model simulations that provide a possible explanation of the underlying mechanism responsible for the monsoonal shift. We conclude that variations in solar activity play a significant role in monsoonal rainfall variability at multi-decadal and longer timescales. The combined effect of orbital and solar forcing explains important details in the temporal evolution of AISM rainfall during the last 6000 years. By contrast, we find neither evidence for volcanic forcing of AISM variability nor for a control by long-term variations in the El Ni{\~n}o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.04.006},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S027737911400122X},
	author = {Steinke, Stephan and Mohtadi, Mahyar and Prange, Matthias and Varma, Vidya and Pittauerova, Daniela and Fischer, Helmut W.}
}
@article {554,
	title = {Monsoon-influenced variation in productivity and lithogenic sediment flux since 110 ka in the offshore Mahanadi Basin, northern Bay of Bengal},
	journal = {Marine and Petroleum Geology},
	volume = {58},
	year = {2014},
	note = {AAy4wyTimes Cited:4Cited References Count:253},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {502-525},
	abstract = {The Indian monsoon drives seasonal changes in precipitation and weathering across India as well as circulation and productivity in the northern Indian Ocean. Variation in paleo-monsoon intensity and its effect on productivity and lithogenic fluxes is poorly constrained in the Bay of Bengal. In this paper, we present analysis of a sediment record from the offshore Mahanadi Basin recovered during the Indian National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 01 (Site NGHP-01-19B). We reconstruct variation in biogenic and lithogenic components during the last 110 kyr using measurements of total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), TOC/TN, CaCO3, biogenic silica (BSi), δ13TOC, δ15TN, bulk mineralogy from X-ray diffraction, bulk and lithogenic grain size distribution, magnetic susceptibility, bulk density, and Ca, Br, and Zr/Rb from x-ray fluorescence (XRF). The mass-accumulation rate (MAR) of CaCO3, a function of marine productivity, drastically increased between 70 and 10 ka and is correlated to previously-documented elevated Asian dust fluxes and increased Bay of Bengal salinity during a weakened southwest monsoon. Decreased freshwater input over this period likely diminished stratification, allowing for increased mixing and nutrient availability, thus enhancing productivity despite weaker southwest monsoon winds. The MAR of lithogenic material is highest during the Holocene suggesting that sediment supply driven by monsoon intensity is a stronger control on margin sedimentation than sea level at the Mahanadi Basin. Over the entire record, magnetic susceptibility and XRF Zr/Rb are strongly correlated with CaCO3, suggesting higher primary mineral input under a weakened southwest monsoon. TOC/TN and δ13TOC also increase under glacial conditions, suggesting higher relative input of terrestrial C4 organic matter. These results highlight the Mahanadi Basin as a supply-dominated margin where terrigenous sedimentation is strongly influenced by monsoon intensity, and that productivity is limited by variation in monsoon-driven stratification on glacial-interglacial timescales rather than a direct response to monsoon winds.},
	issn = {0264-8172},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.05.007},
	author = {Phillips, Stephen C. and Johnson, Joel E. and Giosan, Liviu and Rose, Kelly}
}
@article {64,
	title = {New cetacean ΔR values for Arctic North America and their implications for marine-mammal-based palaeoenvironmental reconstructions},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {91},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {218-241},
	abstract = {Radiocarbon-dated marine mammal remains from emergent Arctic coastlines have frequently been used to reconstruct Holocene sea-ice histories. The use of such reconstructions has hitherto been complicated by uncertain marine reservoir corrections precluding meaningful intercomparisons with data reported in calibrated or sidereal years. Based on an exhaustive compilation of previously published marine mammal radiocarbon dates (both live-harvested materials and subfossils) from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA), new, statistically-derived δ13C and ΔR values are provided. Average δ13C values are: -16.1 {\textpm} 1.1{\textperthousand} (bone collagen; n = 193) for bowhead (Balaena mysticetus); -14.4 {\textpm} 0.5{\textperthousand} (n = 44; dentine) for beluga (Delphinapterus leucas); -14.8 {\textpm} 1.9{\textperthousand} (teeth and tusks; n = 18) and -18.0 {\textpm} 4.7{\textperthousand} (n = 9; bone collagen) for walrus (Odobenus rosmarus). ΔR values are 170 {\textpm} 95 14C years for bowhead (n = 23) and 240 {\textpm} 60 14C years for beluga (n = 12). Scarce data preclude calculation of meaningful, statistically robust walrus ΔR. Using the new ΔR values, an expanded and revised database of calibrated bowhead dates (651 dates; many used in previous CAA sea-ice reconstructions) shows pronounced late Quaternary spatio-temporal fluctuations in bone abundance. Though broadly resembling earlier bowhead subfossil frequency data, analysis of the new expanded database suggests early- and mid-Holocene increases in whale abundance to be of longer duration and lower amplitude than previously considered. A more even and persistent spread of infrequent low-abundance remains during {\textquotedblleft}whale free{\textquotedblright} intervals is also seen. The dominance of three eastern regions (Prince Regent Inlet \& Gulf of Boothia; Admiralty Inlet; Berlinguet Inlet/Bernier Bay) in the CAA data, collectively contributing up to 88\% of all subfossil remains in the mid-Holocene, is notable. An analysis of calibrated regional sea-level index points suggests that severance of the Admiralty Inlet-Gulf of Boothia marine channel due to isostatically-driven regression may have played a significant role in enhanced whale mortality during this interval. Comparisons between the newly calibrated bowhead data and other regional sea-ice proxy data further highlight spatial and temporal discrepancies, potentially due to regional asynchronicities and variable sensitivities in proxy response to climate and oceanographic forcing. However, the limited number of deglacial{\textendash}postglacial marine records continues to hamper extensive intercomparisons between marine mammal and other proxy datasets. Nevertheless, an examination of assumptions inherent in linking bowhead subfossil frequencies, population densities, and sea-ice thickness and distribution, shows that such relationships are highly complex. Factors such as broad sea-ice preferences, variable mortality rates and causes, long distance carcass transport, variable coastline and basin/channel geometries, and changing emergence rates all complicate the correlation of whale bone abundance to sea-ice histories.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.08.021},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S027737911300334X},
	author = {Furze, Mark F. A. and Pie{\'n}kowski, Anna J. and Coulthard, Roy D.}
}
@article {2586,
	title = {North Atlantic forcing of tropical Indian Ocean climate},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {509},
	year = {2014},
	month = {Jun-04-2016},
	pages = {76 - 80},
	abstract = {The response of the tropical climate in the Indian Ocean realm to abrupt climate change events in the North Atlantic Ocean is contentious. Repositioning of the intertropical convergence zone is thought to have been responsible for changes in tropical hydroclimate during North Atlantic cold spells1, 2, 3, 4, 5, but the dearth of high-resolution records outside the monsoon realm in the Indian Ocean precludes a full understanding of this remote relationship and its underlying mechanisms. Here we show that slowdowns of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during Heinrich stadials and the Younger Dryas stadial affected the tropical Indian Ocean hydroclimate through changes to the Hadley circulation including a southward shift in the rising branch (the intertropical convergence zone) and an overall weakening over the southern Indian Ocean. Our results are based on new, high-resolution sea surface temperature and seawater oxygen isotope records of well-dated sedimentary archives from the tropical eastern Indian Ocean for the past 45,000 years, combined with climate model simulations of Atlantic circulation slowdown under Marine Isotope Stages 2 and 3 boundary conditions. Similar conditions in the east and west of the basin rule out a zonal dipole structure as the dominant forcing of the tropical Indian Ocean hydroclimate of millennial-scale events. Results from our simulations and proxy data suggest dry conditions in the northern Indian Ocean realm and wet and warm conditions in the southern realm during North Atlantic cold spells.},
	keywords = {Palaeoceanography, Palaeoclimate},
	issn = {0028-0836},
	doi = {10.1038/nature13196},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nature13196},
	author = {Mohtadi, Mahyar and Prange, Matthias and Oppo, Delia W. and De Pol-Holz, Ricardo and Merkel, Ute and Zhang, Xiao and Steinke, Stephan and {\"u}ckge, Andreas}
}
@article { ISI:000359186200001,
	title = {Phylogeny and phylogeography of functional genes shared among seven terrestrial subsurface metagenomes reveal N-cycling and microbial evolutionary relationships},
	journal = {FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2014},
	month = {OCT 31},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Comparative studies on community phylogenetics and phylogeography of microorganisms living in extreme environments are rare. Terrestrial subsurface habitats are valuable for studying microbial biogeographical patterns due to their isolation and the restricted dispersal mechanisms. Since the taxonomic identity of a microorganism does not always correspond well with its functional role in a particular community, the use of taxonomic assignments or patterns may give limited inference on how microbial functions are affected by historical, geographical and environmental factors. With seven metagenomic libraries generated from fracture water samples collected from five South African mines, this study was carried out to (1) screen for ubiquitous functions or pathways of biogeochemical cycling of CH4, S, and N; (2) to characterize the biodiversity represented by the common functional genes; (3) to investigate the subsurface biogeography as revealed by this subset of genes; and (4) to explore the possibility of using metagenomic data for evolutionary study. The ubiquitous functional genes are NarV, NPD, PAPS reductase, NifH, NifD, NifK, NifE, and NifN genes. Although these eight common functional genes were taxonomically and phylogenetically diverse and distinct from each other, the dissimilarity between samples did not correlate strongly with geographical or environmental parameters or residence time of the water. Por genes homologous to those of Thermodesulfovibrio yellowstonii detected in all metagenomes were deep lineages of Nitrospirae, suggesting that subsurface habitats have preserved ancestral genetic signatures that inform the study of the origin and evolution of prokaryotes.},
	keywords = {evolution, functional genes, N-cycle, phylogenetics, phylogeny, phylogeography, terrestrial subsurface},
	issn = {1664-302X},
	doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2014.00531},
	author = {Lau, Maggie C. Y. and Cameron, Connor and Magnabosco, Cara and Brown, C. Titus and Schilkey, Faye and Grim, Sharon and Hendrickson, Sarah and Pullin, Michael and Lollar, Barbara Sherwood and Van Heerden, Esta and Kieft, Thomas L. and Onstott, Tullis C.}
}
@article {49,
	title = {Pore-water chemistry of sediment cores off Mahanadi Basin, Bay of Bengal: Possible link to deep seated methane hydrate deposit},
	journal = {Marine and Petroleum Geology},
	volume = {49},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {162-175},
	abstract = {Organoclastic degradation and anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) are known to influence sulfate, methane and bicarbonate concentrations of sediment pore-waters. In this work we have analyzed the pore-fluid composition of three piston cores (36{\textendash}39 m long) collected from water depths ranging from 1429 to 1691 m. We attribute the observed linear sulfate concentration profiles and (ΔCa + ΔAlk)/ΔSO42- ratios dominantly to anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) induced sulfate consumption. The gas rich layers just below the base of hydrate stability zone (BGHSZ) is the possible source of the enhanced diffusive flux of biogenic methane ( δ 13 C CH 4 ranging from -99.7 to -106.3{\textperthousand} VPDB). Occurrences of disseminated gas hydrate in the Mahanadi Basin within the hydrate stability zone (210{\textendash}220 m thick) supports the link between linear sulfate profile, high rate of AOM and hydrate occurrence.},
	issn = {0264-8172},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.10.011},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264817213002638},
	author = {Mazumdar, A. and Peketi, A. and Joao, H. M. and Dewangan, P. and Ramprasad, T.}
}
@article {66,
	title = {Pre-aged plant waxes in tropical lake sediments and their influence on the chronology of molecular paleoclimate proxy records},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {141},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {346-364},
	abstract = {Sedimentary records of plant-wax hydrogen (δDwax) and carbon (δ13Cwax) stable isotopes are increasingly applied to infer past climate change. Compound-specific radiocarbon analyses, however, indicate that long time lags can occur between the synthesis of plant waxes and their subsequent deposition in marginal marine sediments. The influence of these time lags on interpretations of plant-wax stable isotope records is presently unconstrained, and it is unclear whether such time lags also affect lacustrine sediments. We present compound-specific radiocarbon (14Cwax) data for n-alkanoic acid plant waxes (n-C26 to n-C30) from: 1) a sediment core from Lake Chichancanab, Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, 2) soils in the Lake Chichancanab catchment, and 3) surface sediments from three other lakes in southeastern Mexico and northern Guatemala. 14Cwax ages in the surface sediments are consistently older than modern, and may be negatively correlated with mean annual precipitation and positively correlated with lake catchment area. 14Cwax ages in soils surrounding Lake Chichancanab increase with soil depth, consistent with deep, subsoil horizons being the primary source of lacustrine aged plant waxes, which are likely delivered to lake sediments through subsurface transport. Plant waxes in the Lake Chichancanab core are 350 to 1200 years older than corresponding ages of bulk sediment deposition, determined by 14C dates on terrestrial plant macrofossils in the core. A δDwax time series is in closer agreement with other regional proxy hydroclimate records when a plant-wax 14C age model is applied, as opposed to the macrofossil-based core chronology. Inverse modeling of plant-wax age distribution parameters suggests that plant waxes in the Lake Chichancanab sediment core derive predominantly from millennial-age soil carbon pools that exhibit relatively little age variance (< 200 years). Our findings demonstrate that high-temporal-resolution climate records inferred from stable isotope measures on plant waxes in lacustrine sediments may suffer from possible chronologic distortions as a consequence of long residence times of plant waxes in soils. They also underscore the importance of direct radiocarbon dating of these organic molecules.},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2014.06.030},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016703714004451},
	author = {Douglas, Peter M. J. and Pagani, Mark and Eglinton, Tim E. and Brenner, Mark and Hodell, David A. and Curtis, Jason H. and Ma, Keith and Breckenridge, Andy}
}
@article { ISI:000342993200010,
	title = {Radiocarbon age-offsets in an arctic lake reveal the long-term response of permafrost carbon to climate change},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES},
	volume = {119},
	number = {{8}},
	year = {2014},
	month = {AUG},
	pages = {1630-1651},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Continued warming of the Arctic may cause permafrost to thaw and speed the decomposition of large stores of soil organic carbon (OC), thereby accentuating global warming. However, it is unclear if recent warming has raised the current rates of permafrost OC release to anomalous levels or to what extent soil carbon release is sensitive to climate forcing. Here we use a time series of radiocarbon age-offsets (C-14) between the bulk lake sediment and plant macrofossils deposited in an arctic lake as an archive for soil and permafrost OC release over the last 14,500 years. The lake traps and archives OC imported from the watershed and allows us to test whether prior warming events stimulated old carbon release and heightened age-offsets. Today, the age-offset (2ka; thousand of calibrated years before A.D. 1950) and the depositional rate of ancient OC from the watershed into the lake are relatively low and similar to those during the Younger Dryas cold interval (occurring 12.9-11.7ka). In contrast, age-offsets were higher (3.0-5.0ka) when summer air temperatures were warmer than present during the Holocene Thermal Maximum (11.7-9.0ka) and BOlling-AllerOd periods (14.5-12.9ka). During these warm times, permafrost thaw contributed to ancient OC depositional rates that were similar to 10 times greater than today. Although permafrost OC was vulnerable to climate warming in the past, we suggest surface soil organic horizons and peat are presently limiting summer thaw and carbon release. As a result, the temperature threshold to trigger widespread permafrost OC release is higher than during previous warming events.},
	keywords = {carbon cycling, lake sediment, paleoclimatology, permafrost, radiocarbon, Younger Dryas},
	issn = {2169-8953},
	doi = {10.1002/2014JG002688},
	author = {Gaglioti, Benjamin V. and Mann, Daniel H. and Jones, Benjamin M. and Pohlman, John W. and Kunz, Michael L. and Wooller, Matthew J.}
}
@article {74,
	title = {Radiocarbon signatures and size{\textendash}age{\textendash}composition relationships of major organic matter pools within a unique California upwelling system},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {126},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {1-17},
	abstract = {Coastal upwelling zones are among the most productive regions in the world and play a major role in the global carbon cycle. Radiocarbon (as Δ14C) is a powerful tool for tracing the source and fate of suspended particulate and dissolved organic matter (POM, DOM), and has the potential to reconcile key carbon budgets within upwelling systems. However, the extent to which upwelling processes influence the Δ14C signature of surface DIC, or that of POM or DOM remains almost completely unknown. Here we present a time series of stable carbon (δ13C) and Δ14C isotopic data of major water column carbon pools, including dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), large (0.7{\textendash}500 μm) and small (0.1{\textendash}100 μm) POM, and high molecular weight (HMW; \~{}1 nm{\textendash}0.1 μm) DOM from an upwelling center along the Big Sur coast. We show that DIC Δ14C values (ranging between +29{\textperthousand} and -14{\textperthousand}) are strongly correlated to coastal upwelling processes, and that this 14C-signal readily propagates into both the POM and HMW DOM pool. However, the presence of negative POM and HMW DOM Δ14C values (ranging between +46{\textperthousand} and -56{\textperthousand}, +6{\textperthousand} and -123{\textperthousand} and -1{\textperthousand} and -150{\textperthousand}, respectively) suggests contributions of {\textquotedblleft}pre-aged{\textquotedblright} OM, complicating the direct use of {\textquotedblleft}bulk{\textquotedblright} Δ14C for tracing upwelling-derived carbon production/export. Using a triple-isotope mixing model (δ13C, δ15N, Δ14C) we estimate that 50{\textendash}90\% and 45{\textendash}51\% of large and small POM is newly-produced OM, while between 6{\textendash}22\% and 12{\textendash}44\% of large and small POM are derived from {\textquotedblleft}pre-aged{\textquotedblright} re-suspended sediments. Finally, we observe quantitative relationships between OM size, composition (C:N ratio) and Δ14C within this upwelling system, possibly representing a new tool for modeling ocean C and N biogeochemical cycles.},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2013.10.039},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001670371300611X},
	author = {Walker, B. D. and Guilderson, T. P. and Okimura, K. M. and Peacock, M. B. and McCarthy, M. D.}
}
@article {44,
	title = {Record of methane emissions from the West Svalbard continental margin during the last 23.500 yrs revealed by δ13C of benthic foraminifera},
	journal = {Global and Planetary Change},
	volume = {122},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {151-160},
	abstract = {The values of δ13C in benthic foraminifera have been measured in a gas-hydrate-bearing sediment core collected from an area of active methane venting on the Vestnesa Ridge (West Svalbard continental margin) to reconstruct the local history of methane emissions over the past 23.500 yrs BP. The chronostratigraphic framework of the core has been derived from AMS 14C dates and biostratigraphic analysis. While foraminifera from some intervals have δ13C within the normal marine range (0 to - 1{\textperthousand}), five intervals are characterized by a much lower δ13C, as low as - 17.4{\textperthousand}. These intervals are interpreted to record the incorporation of 13C-depleted carbon in the presence of methane emissions at the seafloor during biomineralization of the carbonate foraminiferal tests and subsequent secondary mineralization. Methane emission events (MEE) occur from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the Holocene, with the most prominent one, in terms of δ13C depletion, predating the B{\o}lling{\textendash}Aller{\o}d Interstadial (GI-1 in the Greenland ice core record). The lack of correlation between the values of δ13C and δ18O, however, appears to preclude warming of bottom waters as the principal control on methane release. Rather, it seems likely that methane release is a consequence of episodicity in the supply of gas to the hydrate system and in the processes that enable methane gas to migrate through the hydrate stability field to the seabed, or of other geological processes still under debate.},
	issn = {0921-8181},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gloplacha.2014.08.014},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921818114001799},
	author = {Panieri, Giuliana and James, Rachael H. and Camerlenghi, Angelo and Westbrook, Graham K. and Consolaro, Chiara and Cacho, Isabel and Cesari, Valentina and Cervera, Cristina Sanchez}
}
@article {547,
	title = {Sedimentary and faunal signatures of the post-glacial marine drowning of the Pontocaspian Gemlik {\textquotedblleft}lake{\textquotedblright} (Sea of Marmara)},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	volume = {345},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {11-17},
	abstract = {A Late Pleistocene (Neoeuxinian) Pontocaspian fauna is documented from sediments cored at̴ \~{}75 m present water depth in the shallow-silled (\~{}50 m) Gulf of Gemlik, Sea of Marmara. As determined by AMS-14C dating of Pontocaspian gastropods (15,860 {\textpm} 90 BP uncal.), the age of such fauna is consistent with known episodes of Caspian overflow into the Black Sea Basin (Early Hvalynian floods). The fossil mollusc fauna is relatively diverse (12 non-marine taxa), made up of neritid and hydrobioid gastropods, and dreissenid and lymnocardiine bivalves. The presence of hitherto poorly known Pontocaspian taxa in the Sea of Marmara, further documented by the record in Gulf of Gemlik, seems to document that the Neoeuxinian Sea extended south of the Bosporus in the latest Pleistocene. Further, they provide insight into the origin of the modern Black Sea Pontocaspian taxa. The Gemlik Neoeuxinian lacustrine-brackish fauna under scrutiny is the westernmost known expansion of the Pontocaspian domain during the Late Pleistocene. This distinct biogeographic faunal affinity, with all its eastbound implications in terms of landscape and seaway connections, came to an end with the abrupt marine inundation that accompanied the postglacial sea-level rise from the Mediterranean Sea.},
	issn = {1040-6182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2014.05.045},
	author = {Taviani, M. and Angeletti, L. and Cagatay, M. N. and Gasperini, L. and Polonia, A. and Wesselingh, F. P.}
}
@article {86,
	title = {11,000 yrs of environmental change in the Northwest Passage: A multiproxy core record from central Parry Channel, Canadian High Arctic},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {341},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2343},
	pages = {68-85},
	abstract = {Piston core 97022-004PC (74{\textdegree} 48.0'N 97{\textdegree}05.9'W; 267 m water depth) represents a rare paleoenvironmental archive from the understudied west-central Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Lithological, biogeochemical, and microfossil (dinoflagellate cysts, non-pollen palynomorphs, benthic and planktonic foraminifera) characteristics, in combination with a chronostratigraphy based on seventeen radiocarbon dates, show seven prominent paleoenvironmental episodes since the end of the last regional glaciation. The basal diamict (Zone I) records decoupling of previously grounded glacial ice, followed by ice-proximal conditions (Zone IIa) commencing at ~ 10.8 cal ka BP (age-depth model extrapolation). After an interval of pervasive sea-ice (Zone IIb), ice-distal conditions are established (Zone IIc). Although sparse microfossils are present in glaciomarine sediments (Zone II), noticeable biological activity with heightened abundances and diversities across all groups begins in the postglacial Zone III (10.3{\textendash}10.0 cal ka BP) when planktonic foraminifera (Neogloboquadrina pachyderma) appear. As planktonics are excluded from the study area today (due to shallow inter-channel sills), this likely signals the inflow of relatively warm and saline Atlantic-derived Arctic Intermediate Water below 250 m, presumably facilitated by glacio-isostatically enhanced deglacial water depths. The subsequent Zone IV (10.0{\textendash}7.0 cal ka BP), characterized by heightened biological productivity in both plankton and benthos and reduced seasonal sea-ice cover, may correspond to a previously proposed Holocene Thermal Maximum. This apparent amelioration ends by the mid Holocene (Zone V; 7.0{\textendash}5.7 cal ka BP) when Arctic Intermediate Water is excluded from the study area and water depths approach modern values. High-Arctic conditions with seasonal sea-ice cover, a circulation dominated by Arctic Ocean Surface Water, and microfossil assemblages similar to modern are found from ~ 5.7 cal ka BP onwards (Zones VI{\textendash}VII). As only minor environmental fluctuations are apparent during the late Holocene, shorter-term climatic episodes (e.g. Little Ice Age) are not recognized in this record.},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2013.04.008},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025322713000522},
	author = {Pie{\'n}kowski, A. J. and England, John H. and Furze, Mark F. A. and Blasco, Steve and Mudie, Peta J. and MacLean, Brian}
}
@article {108,
	title = {14C and 13C characteristics of higher plant biomarkers in Washington margin surface sediments},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {105},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2267},
	pages = {14-30},
	abstract = {Plant wax lipids and lignin phenols are the two most common classes of molecular markers that are used to trace vascular plant-derived OM in the marine environment. However, their 13C and 14C compositions have not been directly compared, which can be used to constrain the flux and attenuation of terrestrial carbon in marine environment. In this study, we describe a revised method of isolating individual lignin phenols from complex sedimentary matrices for 14C analysis using high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and compare this approach to a method utilizing preparative capillary gas chromatography (PCGC). We then examine in detail the 13C and 14C compositions of plant wax lipids and lignin phenols in sediments from the inner and mid shelf of the Washington margin that are influenced by discharge of the Columbia River. Plant wax lipids (including n-alkanes, n-alkanoic (fatty) acids, n-alkanols, and n-aldehydes) displayed significant variability in both δ13C (-28.3{\textperthousand} to -37.5{\textperthousand}) and Δ14C values (-204{\textperthousand} to +2{\textperthousand}), suggesting varied inputs and/or continental storage and transport histories. In contrast, lignin phenols exhibited similar δ13C values (between -30{\textperthousand} and -34{\textperthousand}) and a relatively narrow range of Δ14C values (-45{\textperthousand} to -150{\textperthousand}; HPLC-based measurement) that were similar to, or younger than, bulk OM (-195{\textperthousand} to -137{\textperthousand}). Moreover, lignin phenol 14C age correlated with the degradation characteristics of this terrestrial biopolymer in that vanillyl phenols were on average \~{}500 years older than syringyl and cinnamyl phenols that degrade faster in soils and sediments. The isotopic characteristics, abundance, and distribution of lignin phenols in sediments suggest that they serve as promising tracers of recently biosynthesized terrestrial OM during supply to, and dispersal within the marine environment. Lignin phenol 14C measurements may also provide useful constraints on the vascular plant end member in isotopic mixing models for carbon source apportionment, and for interpretation of sedimentary records of past vegetation dynamics.},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2012.11.034},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016703712006874},
	author = {Feng, Xiaojuan and Benitez-Nelson, Bryan C. and Montlu{\c c}on, Daniel B. and Prahl, Fredrick G. and McNichol, Ann P. and Xu, Li and Repeta, Daniel J. and Eglinton, Timothy I.}
}
@article {88,
	title = {AMS radiocarbon investigation of the African baobab: Searching for the oldest tree},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments \& Methods in Physics Research Section B-Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
	volume = {294},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2246; PT: J; CT: 12th International Conference on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS); CY: MAR 20-25, 2011; CL: Wellington, NEW ZEALAND; TC: 0; UT: WOS:000313234300120},
	pages = {622-626},
	abstract = {The Glencoe baobab, a very large specimen from South Africa, split twice in 2009. Several wood samples were collected from the eastern cavity, from the outer part of the main section and also from the largest broken segment which was connected to this section. These wood samples were processed and investigated by AMS radiocarbon dating. The radiocarbon date of the oldest sample was found to be 1838 +/- 21 BP, which corresponds to a calibrated age of 1835 +/- 40 years. Thus, the Glencoe baobab becomes the oldest dated baobab and also the oldest angiosperm tree with accurate dating results. The distribution of dating results revealed that the Glencoe baobab is a multi-generation tree, with several standing or collapsed and partially fused stems, showing different ages. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0168-583X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.nimb.2012.04.025},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and von Reden, Karl F. and Mayne, Diana H. and Lowy, Daniel A. and Patrut, Roxana T.}
}
@article {87,
	title = {Anatomy of the La Jolla Submarine Canyon system; offshore southern California},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {335},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2302},
	pages = {16-34},
	abstract = {An autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) carrying a multibeam sonar and a chirp profiler was used to map sections of the seafloor within the La Jolla Canyon, offshore southern California, at sub-meter scales. Close-up observations and sampling were conducted during remotely operated vehicle (ROV) dives. Minisparker seismic-reflection profiles from a surface ship help to define the overall geometry of the La Jolla Canyon especially with respect to the pre-canyon host sediments. The floor of the axial channel is covered with unconsolidated sand similar to the sand on the shelf near the canyon head, lacks outcrops of the pre-canyon host strata, has an almost constant slope of 1.0{\textdegree} and is covered with trains of crescent shaped bedforms. The presence of modern plant material entombed within these sands confirms that the axial channel is presently active. The sand on the canyon floor liquefied during vibracore collection and flowed downslope, illustrating that the sediment filling the channel can easily fail even on this gentle slope. Data from the canyon walls help constrain the age of the canyon and extent of incision. Horizontal beds of moderately cohesive fine-grained sediments exposed on the steep canyon walls are consistently less than 1.232 million years old. The lateral continuity of seismic reflectors in minisparker profiles indicate that pre-canyon host strata extend uninterrupted from outside the canyon underneath some terraces within the canyon. Evidence of abandoned channels and point bar-like deposits are noticeably absent on the inside bend of channel meanders and in the subsurface of the terraces. While vibracores from the surface of terraces contain thin (},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2012.10.003},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025322712002150},
	author = {Paull, C. K. and Caress, D. W. and Lundsten, E. and Gwiazda, R. and Anderson, K. and McGann, M. and Conrad, J. and Edwards, B. and Sumner, E. J.}
}
@article { ISI:000315194800002,
	title = {C-14 and C-13 characteristics of higher plant biomarkers in Washington margin surface sediments},
	journal = {GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA},
	volume = {105},
	year = {2013},
	month = {MAR 15},
	pages = {14-30},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Plant wax lipids and lignin phenols are the two most common classes of molecular markers that are used to trace vascular plant-derived OM in the marine environment. However, their C-13 and C-14 compositions have not been directly compared, which can be used to constrain the flux and attenuation of terrestrial carbon in marine environment. In this study, we describe a revised method of isolating individual lignin phenols from complex sedimentary matrices for C-14 analysis using high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and compare this approach to a method utilizing preparative capillary gas chromatography (PCGC). We then examine in detail the C-13 and C-14 compositions of plant wax lipids and lignin phenols in sediments from the inner and mid shelf of the Washington margin that are influenced by discharge of the Columbia River. Plant wax lipids (including n-alkanes, n-alkanoic (fatty) acids, n-alkanols, and n-aldehydes) displayed significant variability in both delta C-13 (-28.3 parts per thousand to -37.5 parts per thousand) and Delta C-14 values (-204 parts per thousand to +2 parts per thousand), suggesting varied inputs and/or continental storage and transport histories. In contrast, lignin phenols exhibited similar delta C-13 values (between -30 parts per thousand and -34 parts per thousand) and a relatively narrow range of Delta C-14 values (-45 parts per thousand to -150 parts per thousand; HPLC-based measurement) that were similar to, or younger than, bulk OM (-195 parts per thousand to -137 parts per thousand). Moreover, lignin phenol C-14 age correlated with the degradation characteristics of this terrestrial biopolymer in that vanillyl phenols were on average similar to 500 years older than syringyl and cinnamyl phenols that degrade faster in soils and sediments. The isotopic characteristics, abundance, and distribution of lignin phenols in sediments suggest that they serve as promising tracers of recently biosynthesized terrestrial OM during supply to, and dispersal within the marine environment. Lignin phenol C-14 measurements may also provide useful constraints on the vascular plant end member in isotopic mixing models for carbon source apportionment, and for interpretation of sedimentary records of past vegetation dynamics. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2012.11.034},
	author = {Feng, Xiaojuan and Benitez-Nelson, Bryan C. and Montlu{\c c}on, Daniel B. and Prahl, Fredrick G. and McNichol, Ann P. and Xu, Li and Repeta, Daniel J. and Eglinton, Timothy I.}
}
@article {103,
	title = {A California Current bomb radiocarbon reference chronology and petrale sole (Eopsetta jordani) age validation},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences},
	volume = {70},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {22-31},
	issn = {0706-652X},
	doi = {10.1139/cjfas-2011-0504},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2011-0504},
	author = {Haltuch, Melissa A. and Hamel, Owen S. and Piner, Kevin R. and McDonald, Patrick and Kastelle, Craig R. and Field, John C.}
}
@article {84,
	title = {Distribution of Radiocarbon Ages in Soil Organic Matter by Thermal Fractionation},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {55},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2346; PT: J; TC: 0; UT: WOS:000325752100093},
	pages = {1077-1083},
	issn = {0033-8222},
	doi = {10.2458/azu_js_rc.55.16310},
	author = {Plante, Alain F. and Beaupr{\'e}, Steven R. and Roberts, Mark L. and Baisden, Troy}
}
@article {2508,
	title = {Export of submicron particulate organic matter to mesopelagic depth in an oligotrophic gyre},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	volume = {110},
	year = {2013},
	month = {Jun-07-2015},
	pages = {12565 - 12570},
	abstract = {Sixty percent of the world ocean by area is contained in oligotrophic gyres [Longhurst A (1995) Prog Oceanog 36:77-16], the biomass of which is dominated by picophytoplankton, including cyanobacteria and picoeukaryotic algae, as well as picoheterotrophs. Despite their recognized importance in carbon cycling in the surface ocean, the role of small cells and their detrital remains in the transfer of particulate organic matter (POM) to the deep ocean remains disputed. Because oligotrophic marine conditions are projected to expand under current climate trends, a better understanding of the role of small particles in the global carbon cycle is a timely goal. Here we use the lipid profiles, radiocarbon, and stable carbon isotopic signatures of lipids from the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre to show that in the surface ocean, lipids from submicron POM (here called extra-small POM) are distinct from larger classes of suspended POM. Remarkably, this distinct extra-small POM signature dominates the total lipids collected at mesopelagic depth, suggesting that the lipid component of mesopelagic POM primarily contains the exported remains of small particles. Transfer of submicron material to mesopelagic depths in this location is consistent with model results that claim the biological origin of exported carbon should be proportional to the distribution of cell types in the surface community, irrespective of cell size [Richardson TL, Jackson GA (2007) Science 315:838-840]. Our data suggest that the submicron component of exported POM is an important contributor to the global biological pump, especially in oligotrophic waters. 
},
	keywords = {Biogeochemistry, biomarkers, carbon isotopes, Oceanography},
	issn = {0027-8424},
	doi = {10.1073/pnas.1217514110},
	url = {http://www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1217514110https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1073/pnas.1217514110},
	author = {Close, H. G. and Shah, S. R. and Ingalls, A. E. and Diefendorf, A. F. and Brodie, E. L. and Hansman, R. L. and Freeman, K. H. and Aluwihare, L. I. and Pearson, A.}
}
@article {104,
	title = {Extensive recession of Cordillera Darwin glaciers in southernmost South America during Heinrich Stadial 1},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {62},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2331},
	pages = {49-55},
	abstract = {The geographic expression and phasing of events during the last termination are important for isolating mechanisms that caused Earth to emerge from the last ice age. Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1; 14,600{\textendash}18,000 yr BP) is a key because of the central role that its far-field effects had on the last termination in the Southern Hemisphere. Here, we present new data from Cordillera Darwin that show rapid glacier recession in southern South America during HS1. This retreat was coeval with ice recession elsewhere in South America and New Zealand, with increased upwelling in the Southern Ocean, with warming of SSTs offshore of Chile, and with a rise in atmospheric CO2. Together, these data indicate a coherent and rapid response to the effects of HS1 in the middle and high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.11.026},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379112005057},
	author = {Hall, Brenda L. and Porter, Charles T. and Denton, George H. and Lowell, Thomas V. and Bromley, Gordon R. M.}
}
@article {107,
	title = {First high-resolution marinopalynological stratigraphy of Late Quaternary sediments from the central part of the Bulgarian Black Sea area},
	journal = {Advancing Pleistocene and Holocene climate change research in the Carpathian-Balkan region},
	volume = {293},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2330},
	pages = {170-183},
	abstract = {Spores, pollen and dinoflagellate cysts of Late Pleistocene and Holocene sediments were analyzed from Giant Gravity Core 18 from the Black Sea continental slope, recovered from a water depth of 971 m. The investigated length of the core is 203.5 cm. It includes 3 lithological units: light grey clay, sapropels and coccolith-bearing ooze. The core was sampled at 5{\textendash}10 cm intervals. Sampling of the interval 141.5{\textendash}126 cm was carried out at every cm. AMS radiocarbon dating of bulk organic carbon was performed on 18 selected sediment layers. This chronological data allowed the first high-resolution pollen stratigraphy of Late Quaternary sediments from the western Black Sea area to be presented. The percentage spore{\textendash}pollen diagram is divided into 6 local pollen assemblage zones. The trends in the vegetation dynamics and climate changes and the early history of migration of the majority of the arboreal taxa that nowadays occur in the Eastern Balkan Range were traced out. The palynological record suggests that open oak forests were spread in the Eastern Balkan Range at the beginning of the Holocene and shows early migration of the major temperate arboreal species such as Quercus, Ulmus, Tilia and Carpinus betulus. This vegetation palaeosuccession continues with the spreading of mixed oak forests from 8950 until 2620 cal. BP (8650 {\textpm} 40 until 3120 {\textpm} 35 14C BP) followed by destructive changes due to human impact and climate deterioration. A cooling of Holocene climate that is well known in the North Atlantic region as the {\textquotedblleft}8200 yrs cold event{\textquotedblright} is identified for the first time in marine records from the Bulgarian Black Sea area. The assemblages of dinoflagellate cysts and acritarchs were investigated to provide a reconstruction of surface seawater salinity and surface seawater temperature changes. Two main dinoflagellate cyst assemblages, one dominated by fresh- to brackish water species such as Spiniferites cruciformis and Pyxidinopsis psilata and a subsequent one, that is characterized by euryhaline marine Mediterranean species such as Lingulodinium machaerophorum, Spiniferites belerius, Spiniferites bentorii, Operculodinium centrocarpum and acritarchs Cymatiosphaera globulosa testified a change in SSS from low salinity (},
	issn = {1040-6182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2012.05.002},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618212003229},
	author = {Filipova-Marinova, Mariana and Pavlov, Danail and Coolen, Marco and Giosan, Liviu}
}
@article {85,
	title = {The Holocene onset in the southwestern South Atlantic},
	journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},
	volume = {374},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2323},
	pages = {164-172},
	abstract = {In this paper we present a paleoceanographic reconstruction of the southwestern South Atlantic for the past 13 kyr based on faunal and isotopic analysis of planktonic foraminifera from a high-resolution core retrieved at the South Brazil Bight continental slope. Our record indicates that oceanographic changes in the southwestern South Atlantic during the onset of the Holocene were comparable in strength to those that occurred during the Younger Dryas. Full interglacial conditions started abruptly after 8.2 kyr BP with a sharp change in faunal composition and surface hydrography (SST and SSS). Part of the observed events may be explained in terms of changes in thermohaline circulation while the other part suggests a dominant role of winds. Our data indicate that during the Early Holocene upwelling was significantly strengthened in the South Brazil Bight promoting high productivity and preventing the establishment of the typically interglacial menardiiform species. In general terms, oceanographic changes recorded by core KF02 occurred in synchrony with Antarctica{\textquoteright}s climate.},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.01.014},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018213000357},
	author = {Pivel, M. A. G. and Santarosa, A. C. A. and Toledo, F. A. L. and Costa, K. B.}
}
@article {2447,
	title = {Holocene variability in hydrology, vegetation, fire, and eolian activity in the Nebraska Sand Hills, USA},
	journal = {The Holocene},
	volume = {23},
	year = {2013},
	month = {Jan-04-2013},
	pages = {515 - 527},
	abstract = {This study combined multiple aquatic and terrestrial proxies, including diatoms, pollen, grain size, and bulk-sediment chemistry to reconstruct the history
of three lake sites located in the central Sand Hills of Nebraska, USA. Long-term changes in effective moisture are evident at all sites, with significant
changes occurring at ~6000, ~4000, and ~ 2000 cal. yr BP. Both aquatic and terrestrial indicators suggest that effective moisture was low between
10,000 and ~6000 cal. yr BP, and that this time interval was the driest period of the Holocene. The dominance of benthic and tychoplanktic diatom taxa
indicates relatively shallow lake-level, high sand influx indicates moderately high eolian activity, and the pollen assemblage suggests xeric grasslands with
abundant mud flats. About 6000 cal. yr BP, all three sites experienced an increase in effective moisture. Lake-level rise is indicated by increases in planktic
and tychoplanktic diatoms relative to benthic taxa, while greater abundance of grass pollen and charcoal, and decreased eolian flux indicate stabilized
dunes with dense vegetation sufficient to fuel local fires. A significant hydrologic shift recorded at all sites occurred at ~4000 cal. yr BP. This event was
characterized by substantial lake-level rise, yet decreased grass cover and fire frequency, and increased eolian activity. Water-table rise may have been
caused by a combination of factors including: (1) formation of dune-dams that blocked old drainage channels, (2) reduced grass cover and hence reduced
evapotranspiration, and (3) changes in the frequency and duration of drought. The most likely cause(s) of the differential response of the terrestrial and
aquatic systems at this time is not clear, none-the-less the late Holocene was not nearly as dry as the interval prior to 6000 cal. yr BP. The last ~2000
yr were characterized by several short-term fluctuations in lake level, including an interval of drought between 950 and 750 cal. yr BP, coincident with
increased eolian activity during the latter part of the Medieval Climatic Anomaly.},
	keywords = {diatoms, drought, Holocene climate change, lakes, Nebraska Sand Hills, pollen},
	issn = {0959-6836},
	doi = {10.1177/0959683612463100},
	url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0959683612463100},
	author = {Schmieder, Jens and Fritz, Sherilyn C and Grimm, Eric C and Jacobs, Kimberly C and Brown, Kendrick J and Swinehart, James B and Porter, Stephen C}
}
@article {2547,
	title = {Long-term variations in Iceland{\textendash}Scotland overflow strength during the Holocene},
	journal = {Climate of the Past},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2013},
	month = {Jan-01-2013},
	pages = {2073 - 2084},
	abstract = {The overflow of deep water from the Nordic seas into the North Atlantic plays a critical role in global ocean circulation and climate. Approximately half of this overflow occurs via the Iceland{\textendash}Scotland (I{\textendash}S) overflow, yet the history of its strength throughout the Holocene (~ 0{\textendash}11 700 yr ago, ka) is poorly constrained, with previous studies presenting apparently contradictory evidence regarding its long-term variability. Here, we provide a comprehensive reconstruction of I{\textendash}S overflow strength throughout the Holocene using sediment grain size data from a depth transect of 13 cores from the Iceland Basin. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that the main axis of the I{\textendash}S overflow on the Iceland slope was shallower during the early Holocene, deepening to its present depth by ~ 7 ka. Our results also reveal weaker I{\textendash}S overflow during the early and late Holocene, with maximum overflow strength occurring at ~ 7 ka, the time of a regional climate thermal maximum. Climate model simulations suggest a shoaling of deep convection in the Nordic seas during the early and late Holocene, consistent with our evidence for weaker I{\textendash}S overflow during these intervals. Whereas the reduction in I{\textendash}S overflow strength during the early Holocene likely resulted from melting remnant glacial ice sheets, the decline throughout the last 7000 yr was caused by an orbitally induced increase in the amount of Arctic sea ice entering the Nordic seas. Although the flux of Arctic sea ice to the Nordic seas is expected to decrease throughout the next century, model simulations predict that under high emissions scenarios, competing effects, such as warmer sea surface temperatures in the Nordic seas, will result in reduced deep convection, likely driving a weaker I{\textendash}S overflow.},
	doi = {10.5194/cp-9-2073-201310.5194/cp-9-2073-2013-supplement},
	url = {http://www.clim-past.net/9/2073/2013},
	author = {Thornalley, D. J. R. and Blaschek, M. and Davies, F. J. and Praetorius, S. and Oppo, D. W. and McManus, J. F. and Hall, I. R. and Kleiven, H. and Renssen, H. and McCave, I. N.}
}
@article {101,
	title = {Molecular and isotopic insights into particulate organic carbon sources and dynamics in Jordan Basin, Gulf of Maine},
	journal = {Continental Shelf Research},
	volume = {68},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {15-22},
	abstract = {The carbon isotope and lipid biomarker composition of suspended particles and surface sediment was measured to examine the impact of sediment supply, redistribution and post-depositional alteration processes on organic matter cycling in the Gulf of Maine, a semi-enclosed shelf sea in the northwest Atlantic. A beam attenuation profile revealed a >50 m-thick benthic nepheloid layer (BNL) in the Jordan Basin at the time of sampling (April 2006). The relatively low radiocarbon content of suspended particulate organic carbon (POC) in the BNL indicates that up to 82\% of the POC in this layer was supplied from resuspension of sediment. The concentration of alkenones normalized to POC increased with increasing depth in the water column and was highest in the surface sediment. In contrast to these markers of surface ocean photoautotrophy, the vertical profiles for the concentration and composition of short-chain (C14{\textendash}C18) n-alkanoic acids provided evidence for enhanced heterotrophic processes near the top of the BNL. Suspended POC samples from two depths within the BNL exhibited marked differences in radiocarbon content and fatty acid composition, suggesting that biological activity and associated processes within the BNL are vertically heterogeneous.},
	issn = {0278-4343},
	doi = {10.1016/j.csr.2013.08.005},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278434313002653},
	author = {Hwang, Jeomshik and Montlu{\c c}on, Daniel B. and Pilskaln, Cynthia H. and Eglinton, Timothy I.}
}
@article {89,
	title = {Old ages of two historical Romanian trees assessed by AMS radiocarbon dating},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments \& Methods in Physics Research Section B-Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
	volume = {294},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2245; PT: J; CT: 12th International Conference on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS); CY: MAR 20-25, 2011; CL: Wellington, NEW ZEALAND; TC: 0; UT: WOS:000313234300119},
	pages = {616-621},
	abstract = {Two large Romanian poplars are considered to be associated with significant historical events of the past. In order to verify these claims, wood samples collected from the broken trunks of the two poplars were radiocarbon dated by AMS. The oldest radiocarbon dates were found to be 275 +/- 20 bp for the black poplar of Mocod and 316 +/- 22 bp for the gray poplar of Rafaila. These values correspond to calibrated ages of 365 +/- 10 and 465 +/- 25 years, respectively. The dating results indicate old ages for the two trees, i.e., 455 years for the Mocod poplar and 560 years for the Rafaila poplar. Such age values validate historical information on the two large Romanian trees. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0168-583X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.nimb.2012.04.029},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and von Reden, Karl F. and Lowy, Daniel A. and Patrut, Roxana T. and Vaida, D. Lucian and Margineanu, Dragos}
}
@article {83,
	title = {Paleoclimate changes of the last 1000 yr on the eastern Qinghai{\textendash}Tibetan Plateau recorded by elemental, isotopic, and molecular organic matter proxies in sediment from glacial Lake Ximencuo},
	journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},
	volume = {379{\textendash}380},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2310},
	pages = {39-53},
	abstract = {Total organic carbon (Corg) and nitrogen (Ntot) concentrations and isotope compositions and n-alkane and n-alkan-ol molecular biomarker compositions were measured in two parallel sediment cores from Lake Ximencuo, a typical glacial lake on the eastern Qinghai{\textendash}Tibetan Plateau (QTP), to reconstruct local climatic variations during the past 1000 yr. Concentrations of Corg and Ntot vary similarly with changes in precipitation recorded by tree rings in Dulan, northeastern QTP, indicating their close relation to precipitation. Carbon Preference Index (CPI) values of C22{\textendash}C33 n-alkanes and C22{\textendash}C28 n-alkan-1-ols and Average Chain Length (ACL) values of C27{\textendash}C33 n-alkanes generally negatively correlate with δ13Corg and δ15Ntot and also vary comparably with the oxygen isotope temperature record from the Dunde ice core, northeastern QTP. These patterns indicate that high CPI values and negative shifts of the δ13Corg and δ15Ntot correspond to warmer conditions that favor the growth of vascular land plants and that lower values and positive shifts correspond to cooler conditions in the Lake Ximencuo locality. This observation contradicts previous interpretations from peat and modern soil studies that conclude that the CPI indices were controlled by microbial degradation under different climate conditions. Here we propose that the changes of organic matter sources under different climate regimes, combined with physiological adjustments of vascular plants to different air temperatures, might yield different CPI responses to climate changes in glacial plateau lakes. Air temperature and precipitation increases and decreases reconstructed in this 1000-yr study were generally independent of each other, but they both occurred at centennial or multi-centennial scales. The interaction between subtropical (Asian Monsoon) and mid-latitude (Westerly) atmospheric circulation systems probably dominated the local precipitation variations in the Lake Ximencuo catchment, whereas solar insolation, volcanism and greenhouse gas variations were likely responsible for the air temperature changes that are recorded in the lake sediments and that are consistent with regional temperature variations in the eastern QTP.},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.03.023},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018213001648},
	author = {Pu, Yang and Nace, Trevor and Meyers, Philip A. and Zhang, Hucai and Wang, Yongli and Zhang, Chuanlun L. and Shao, Xiaohua}
}
@article {102,
	title = {Resolving varve and radiocarbon chronology differences during the last 2000 years in the Santa Barbara Basin sedimentary record, California},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	volume = {310},
	year = {2013},
	note = {id: 2289},
	pages = {155-168},
	abstract = {Santa Barbara Basin (SBB) is well known for producing high quality paleoclimate reconstructions, but the validity of correlations between the basin and other regions rests upon age model accuracy. Yet, the two independent and well-established chronologies based on varve counting and radiocarbon dating do not consistently agree during the last two millennia. Here the validity of age model assumptions is tested including whether 1) the regional reservoir age of surface waters was invariably 641 {\textpm} 119 years through time, and/or 2) SBB laminae couplets are consistently annual varves and counted with sufficient precision. This high-resolution 14C study of SBB sediments compares 49 mixed planktonic foraminiferal carbonate and 20 terrestrial organic carbon 14C dates to the varve chronology, to extend the high-resolution paleoclimate chronology of the basin back \~{}2000 years. Evidence indicates that regional reservoir ages do not remain constant through time with ΔR, (i.e. regional reservoir age minus variations in the global mixed-layer ocean reservoir age) fluctuating between 80 and 350 years. Second, there is a consistent (R2 = 0.96) undercounting of the varves between 150 and \~{}1700 AD based on a new varying ΔR 14C chronology, indicating that some laminae couplets may not be annual. Loss of varves may occur when low riverine input and infrequent winter storm activity during drought intervals fail to supply a siliciclastic layer.},
	issn = {1040-6182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2012.09.006},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618212031734},
	author = {Hendy, Ingrid L. and Dunn, L. and Schimmelmann, A. and Pak, D. K.}
}
@article {98,
	title = {Sea-level change during the last 2500 years in New Jersey, USA},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {81},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {90-104},
	abstract = {Relative sea-level changes during the last \~{}2500 years in New Jersey, USA were reconstructed to test if late Holocene sea level was stable or included persistent and distinctive phases of variability. Foraminifera and bulk-sediment δ13C values were combined to reconstruct paleomarsh elevation with decimeter precision from sequences of salt-marsh sediment at two sites using a multi-proxy approach. The additional paleoenvironmental information provided by bulk-sediment δ13C values reduced vertical uncertainty in the sea-level reconstruction by about one third of that estimated from foraminifera alone using a transfer function. The history of sediment deposition was constrained by a composite chronology. An age{\textendash}depth model developed for each core enabled reconstruction of sea level with multi-decadal resolution. Following correction for land-level change (1.4 mm/yr), four successive and sustained (multi-centennial) sea-level trends were objectively identified and quantified (95\% confidence interval) using error-in-variables change point analysis to account for age and sea-level uncertainties. From at least 500 BC to 250 AD, sea-level fell at 0.11 mm/yr. The second period saw sea-level rise at 0.62 mm/yr from 250 AD to 733 AD. Between 733 AD and 1850 AD, sea level fell at 0.12 mm/yr. The reconstructed rate of sea-level rise since \~{}1850 AD was 3.1 mm/yr and represents the most rapid period of change for at least 2500 years. This trend began between 1830 AD and 1873 AD. Since this change point, reconstructed sea-level rise is in agreement with regional tide-gauge records and exceeds the global average estimate for the 20th century. These positive and negative departures from background rates demonstrate that the late Holocene sea level was not stable in New Jersey.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.09.024},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379113003740},
	author = {Kemp, Andrew C. and Horton, Benjamin P. and Vane, Christopher H. and Bernhardt, Christopher E. and Corbett, D. Reide and Engelhart, Simon E. and Anisfeld, Shimon C. and Parnell, Andrew C. and Cahill, Niamh}
}
@article {79,
	title = {Sedimentological and geomorphological imprints of Holocene tsunamis in southwestern Spain: An approach to establish the recurrence period},
	journal = {Continental Shelf Drowned Landscapes (INQUA-CMP and IGCP-526)},
	volume = {203},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {97-104},
	abstract = {This paper reviews the sedimentological and geomorphological imprints of prehistoric and historical tsunamis in the four main estuaries of SW Spain. These imprints include beach erosion, filling of intertidal channels, deposition of bioclastic layers, washover fans and reworked aeolian sheets and the breaching of spits and tombolos. Most of these imprints were caused by the 218{\textendash}209 BC and AD 1755 tsunamis, although evidence of other tsunamis has been identified. In these two events, effects on human populations were severe and diverse, such as human loss of life, changes in coastal settlements and international borders, damage to port infrastructure or flooding of marsh and inhabited areas. New radiocarbon reservoir data were included in order to obtain an approach to the recurrence period of these high-energy events (700{\textendash}1000 years) in this area.},
	issn = {0169-555X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.09.008},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169555X13004650},
	author = {Ruiz, Francisco and Rodr{\'\i}guez-Vidal, Joaqu{\'\i}n and Abad, Manuel and C{\'a}ceres, Luis M. and Carretero, Mar{\'\i}a I. and Pozo, Manuel and Rodr{\'\i}guez-Llanes, Jos{\'e} M. and G{\'o}mez-Toscano, Francisco and Izquierdo, Tatiana and Font, Eric and Toscano, Antonio}
}
@article {140,
	title = {Central Arctic paleoceanography for the last 50 kyr based on ostracode faunal assemblages},
	journal = {Marine Micropaleontology},
	volume = {88{\textendash}89},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2283},
	pages = {65-76},
	abstract = {The paleoceanography of the central Arctic Ocean was reconstructed for the last 50 kyr (Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 1{\textendash}3) based on ostracode assemblages from 21 14C-dated sediment cores from the Mendeleev, Lomonosov, and Gakkel Ridges. Arctic sediments deposited during the Holocene interglacial period (MIS 1), the B{\o}lling{\textendash}Aller{\o}d, and larger interstadial Dansgaard{\textendash}Oeschger (DO) events (3{\textendash}4, 8, and 12) contain abundant Cytheropteron spp., Henryhowella asperrima, and Krithe spp. at intermediate/deep-depths (~ 1000 to 3000 m). These assemblages suggest a ventilated deep, Arctic Ocean water mass similar to the modern Arctic Ocean Deep Water (AODW) during these time periods. In contrast, sediment deposited during stadial events corresponding to Heinrich events 1, 2, 3, and 4, (also possibly the Younger Dryas; YD), contain abundant Polycope spp. (60{\textendash}80\%) suggesting a greater influence of the Atlantic Layer (AL) on the Arctic Intermediate Water (AIW) and AODW. Reduced sea-ice during the early Holocene, the last deglacial, and MIS 3 interstadials is indicated by the reoccurrence of Acetabulastoma arcticum, an epipelagic species that is parasitic on sea-ice dwelling amphipods. One hypothesis to explain these oceanographic changes during longer stadial events, particularly within the last glacial period (MIS 2), involves sluggish ocean circulation, thicker sea-ice cover, and a deeper halocline with ocean exchange between Greenland Sea and Arctic Ocean deep-water through the Fram Strait.},
	issn = {0377-8398},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marmicro.2012.03.004},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377839812000278},
	author = {Poirier, Robert K. and Cronin, Thomas M. and Briggs Jr, William M. and Lockwood, Rowan}
}
@article {141,
	title = {The deglacial to postglacial marine environments of SEBarrow Strait, Canadian Arctic Archipelago},
	journal = {Boreas},
	volume = {41},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2342},
	pages = {141-179},
	abstract = {Core 86027-144 (74{\textdegree}15.56?N, 91{\textdegree}14.21?W) represents a rare, continuous record of Late Pleistocene to Holocene sediments from High Arctic Canada extending from the end of the Last Glaciation. Based on microfossils (dinocysts, non-pollen palynomorphs, benthic and planktonic foraminifera), foraminiferal ?18O and ?13C, and sedimentology, seven palaeoenvironmental zones were identified. Zone I (>10.8?cal.?ka BP) records deglaciation, ice-sheet destabilization, float-off and subsequent break-up. Zone II (c.?10.8?10.4?cal.?ka BP) shows ice-proximal to ice-distal glaciomarine conditions, interrupted by pervasive land-fast sea-ice marked by a hiatus in coarse sediment deposition. Significant biological activity starts in Zone III (10.4?9.9?cal.?ka BP), where planktonic foraminifera (Neogloboquadrina pachyderma) suggest early oceanic throughflow. Surface waters flowed NW?SE; however, the deep-water origin remains unclear (potentially NW Arctic Ocean or Baffin Bay). Postglacial amelioration (open-water season greater than present) in Zone IV (9.9?7.8?cal.?ka BP) perhaps corresponds to the regional ?Holocene Thermal Maximum? previously proposed. A transitional period (Zone V; 7.8?6.7?cal. ka BP) of rapid environmental change fluctuating on a scale not observed today is marked by increasing sea-ice and reduced oceanic influence. This probably signals the exclusion of deeper Atlantic water owing to the glacio-isostatic shallowing of inter-island sills, coupled with generally cooling climate. Conditions analogous to those at present, with increased sea-ice and modern microfossil assemblages, commence at c. 6.7?cal.?ka BP (zones VI?VII). Although climate ultimately forces long-term environmental trends, core 86027-144 data imply that regional dynamics, especially changes in sea-level, exert a significant control on marine conditions throughout the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.},
	issn = {1502-3885},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1502-3885.2011.00227.x},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.2011.00227.x},
	author = {Pie{\'n}kowski, A. J. and England, John H. and Furze, Mark F. A. and Marret, Fabienne and Eynaud, Fr{\'e}d{\'e}rique and Vilks, Gustav and MacLean, Brian and Blasco, Steve and Scourse, James D.}
}
@article {146,
	title = {Geochemical and geological constraints on the composition of marine sediment pore fluid: Possible link to gas hydrate deposits},
	journal = {Marine and Petroleum Geology},
	volume = {38},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2306},
	pages = {35-52},
	abstract = {Pore water sulfate consumption in marine sediments is controlled by microbially driven sulfate reduction via organo-clastic and methane oxidation processes. In this work, we present sediment pore fluid compositions of 10 long sediment cores and high resolution seismic data from the Krishna{\textendash}Godavari (K{\textendash}G) basin, Bay of Bengal. Our results show occurrence of transient (S and kink types) and steady state (quasi-linear) sulfate concentration profiles which are attributed partly to the anaerobic oxidation of methane ( δ 13 C CH 4 : -84.8 to -100.1{\textperthousand} VPDB) and organo-clastic sulfate reduction. Influence of AOM on alkalinity is evident from the presence of authigenic carbonate layers with highly depleted carbon isotope ratios in core MD161-8. The authigenic carbonates represent the paleo-SMTZs and suggest marked fluctuation in vertical methane flux. Our geophysical data show the acoustic signatures of upward fluid migration from shallow sub-surface, whereas, coring during NGHP expedition-01 confirms the presence of sub-surface gas hydrate deposits in K{\textendash}G basin which can be linked to deep methane sources. The geochemical analysis suggests that shallow methane source can be attributed to high burial flux of labile organic matter due to high sedimentation rate. Sampling sites with high methane flux from the shallow gas source are characterized by quasi-linear sulfate concentration profile and a shallow sulfate methane transition zone (SMTZ) and may not be necessarily linked to deeper gas hydrate deposits. In contrast, the deep methane source results in a transient kink type sulfate profile and a deeper SMTZ. We have observed a close link between the occurrence of gas hydrate and the S/kink type sulfate profile. We interpret the short lived {\textquoteleft}kink{\textquoteright} in the sulfate profiles as a result of recent enhancement in vertical methane flux possibly driven by reactivation of fault-fractures systems which provide the conduits for fluid flow.},
	issn = {0264-8172},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2012.07.004},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264817212001808},
	author = {Mazumdar, A. and Joao, H. M. and Peketi, A. and Dewangan, P. and Kocherla, M. and Joshi, R. K. and Ramprasad, T.}
}
@article {143,
	title = {The Medieval Climate Anomaly in the Iberian Peninsula reconstructed from marine and lake records},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {43},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2334},
	pages = {16-32},
	abstract = {Selected multi-proxy and accurately dated marine and terrestrial records covering the past 2000 years in the Iberian Peninsula (IP) facilitated a comprehensive regional paleoclimate reconstruction for the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA: 900{\textendash}1300 AD). The sequences enabled an integrated approach to land{\textendash}sea comparisons and, despite local differences and some minor chronological inconsistencies, presented clear evidence that the MCA was a dry period in the Mediterranean IP. It was a period characterized by decreased lake levels, more xerophytic and heliophytic vegetation, a low frequency of floods, major Saharan eolian fluxes, and less fluvial input to marine basins. In contrast, reconstruction based on sequences from the Atlantic Ocean side of the peninsula indicated increased humidity. The data highlight the unique characteristics of the MCA relative to earlier (the Dark Ages, DA: ca 500{\textendash}900 years AD) and subsequent (the Little Ice Age, LIA: 1300{\textendash}1850 years AD) colder periods. The reconstruction supports the hypothesis of Trouet et al. (2009), that a persistent positive mode of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) dominated the MCA.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.04.007},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379112001485},
	author = {Moreno, Ana and P{\'e}rez, Ana and Frigola, Jaime and Nieto-Moreno, Vanesa and Rodrigo-G{\'a}miz, Marta and Martrat, Bel{\'e}n and Gonz{\'a}lez-Samp{\'e}riz, Pen{\'e}lope and Morell{\'o}n, Mario and Mart{\'\i}n-Puertas, Celia and Corella, Juan Pablo and Belmonte, {\'A}nchel and Sancho, Carlos and Cacho, Isabel and Herrera, Gemma and Canals, Miquel and Grimalt, Joan O. and Jim{\'e}nez-Espejo, Francisco and Mart{\'\i}nez-Ruiz, Francisca and Vegas-Vilarr{\'u}bia, Teresa and Valero-Garc{\'e}s, Blas L.}
}
@article {151,
	title = {Paleoenvironmental changes on the northeastern and southwestern Black Sea shelves during the Holocene},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	volume = {261},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2123},
	pages = {91-104},
	abstract = {Four paleoceanographic events are distinguished during the Holocene based on changes in macro- and microfossil assemblages studied from three sediment cores (Ak 521, 522, 2571) from the outer northeast shelf and from core MAR02-45 situated on the southwest shelf of the Black Sea, west to the Bosphorus. The lithology and fossils were previously studied from cores Ak 521 and Ak 522 and MAR02-45. However, high resolution ostracod analyses from the AMS-14C dated core, Ak 2571, allowed for a revision of the taxonomy and paleoecological interpretation of this microfaunal group on the NE shelf. Downcore changes in the relative abundance of the polyhaline ostracods are found to be contemporaneous in all three cores from the NE shelf. As a result, centennial-millennial scale fluctuations of the bottom-water salinity are resolved in the area. A broader scale examination of paleoenvironmental changes between the NE and SW shelves is also made and the surface to bottom salinity gradient is discussed. An uncalibrated radiocarbon based chronology is used throughout this paper to facilitate comparison with the regional chronostratigraphy of marine transgression and regressions in the Black Sea. The calibrated ages corrected for the changes in reservoir age through the Holocene are also provided. The first paleoceanographic event is associated with the pulse of Mediterranean water previously established at about 9.8{\textendash}9.3 ka BP. This event is clearly observed in the SW region but not on the NE shelf due to a hiatus in the longest core, Ak 521. The second event is represented on both the NE and SW shelves as a replacement of brackish benthic fauna and surface phytoplankton with marine ones between 8.4 and 6.9 ka BP, indicating a gradual increase in salinity. The third event is marked by opposing trends in surface and bottom-water salinity changes. On the NE shelf, bottom-water salinity rose to modern values by \~{} 6.5 ka BP and then decreased within the interval \~{}6.4{\textendash}5.3 ka BP as recorded by the ostracod assemblages. On the SW shelf, surface-water salinity reached modern values by 5.6 ka BP and remained constant until present day as inferred from the dinoflagellate cyst assemblages. The fourth event is marked by a recurring increase in bottom-water salinity to modern values indicated by the polyhaline ostracod assemblages at \~{} 5.3 ka BP in the NE region, after which only minor salinity fluctuations are observed.},
	issn = {1040-6182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2011.11.015},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618211006550},
	author = {Ivanova, Elena V. and Murdmaa, Ivar O. and Karpuk, Maria S. and Schornikov, Eugene I. and Marret, Fabienne and Cronin, Thomas M. and Buynevich, Ilya V. and Platonova, Elena A.}
}
@article { ISI:000306950700015,
	title = {Paleoseismic and geomorphologic evidence of recent tectonic activity of the Pozohondo Fault (Betic Cordillera, SE Spain)},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF IBERIAN GEOLOGY},
	volume = {38},
	number = {{1, SI}},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {239-251},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Instrumental and historical seismicity in the Albacete province (External Prebetic Zone) has been scarcely recorded. However, major strike-slip faults showing NW-SE trending provide geomorphologic and paleoseismic evidence of recent tectonic activity (Late Pleistocene to Present). Moreover, these faults are consistently well oriented under the present stress tensor and therefore, they can trigger earthquakes of magnitude greater than M6, according to the lengths of surface ruptures and active segments recognized in fieldwork. Present landscape nearby the village of Hellin (SE of Albacete) is determined by the recent activity of the Pozohondo Fault (FPH), a NW-SE right-lateral fault with 90 km in length. In this study, we have calculated the Late Quaternary tectonic slip-rate of the FPH from geomorphological, sedimentological, archaeoseimological, and paleoseismological approaches. All of these data suggest that the FPH runs with a minimum slip-rate of 0.1 mm/yr during the last 100 kyrs (Upper Pleistocene-Holocene). In addition, we have recognized the last two major paleoearthquakes associated to this fault. Magnitudes of these paleoearthquakes were gretarer than M6 and their recurrence intervals ranged from 6600 to 8600 yrs for the seismic cycle of FPH. The last earthquake was dated between the 1st and 6th centuries, though two earthquakes could be interpreted in this wide time interval, one at the FPH and other from a far field source. Results obtained here, suggest an increasing of the tectonic activity of the Pozohondo Fault during the last 10,000 yrs.},
	keywords = {Geomorphology, Paleoseismology, Prebetic, Quaternary, SE Spain},
	issn = {1698-6180},
	doi = {10.5209/rev_JIGE.2012.v38.n1.39216},
	author = {Rodriguez-Pascua, M. A. and Perez-Lopez, R. and Garduno-Monroy, V. H. and Giner-Robles, J. L. and Silva, P. G. and Perucha-Atienza, M. A. and Hernandez-Madrigal, V. M. and Bischoff, J.}
}
@article {139,
	title = {Postglacial (after 18 ka) deep-sea sedimentation along the Hikurangi subduction margin (New Zealand): Characterisation, timing and origin of turbidites},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {295{\textendash}298},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2142},
	pages = {51-76},
	abstract = {Recent sedimentation along the Hikurangi subduction margin off northeastern New Zealand is investigated using a series of piston cores collected between 2003 and 2008. The active Hikurangi Margin lies along the Pacific{\textendash}Australia subduction plate boundary and contains a diverse range of geomorphologic settings. Slope basin stratigraphy is thick and complex, resulting from sustained high rates of sedimentation from adjacent muddy rivers throughout the Quaternary. Turbidites deposited since c. 18 ka in the Poverty, Ruatoria and Matakaoa re-entrants are central to this study in that they provide a detailed record of the past climatic conditions and tectonic activity. Here, alternating hemipelagite, turbidite, debrite and tephra layers reflect distinctive depositional modes of marine sedimentation, turbidity current, debris flow and volcanic eruption, respectively. Turbidites dominate the record, ranging in lithofacies from muddy to sandy turbidites, and include some basal-reverse graded turbidites inferred to be derived from hyperpycnal flows. Stacked turbidites are common and indicate multiple gravity-flows over short time periods. The chronology of turbidites is determined by collating an extremely dense set of radiocarbon ages and dated tephra, which facilitate sedimentation rate calculation and identification of the origin of turbidites. Sedimentation rates range from 285 cm/ka during late glacial time (18.5{\textendash}17 ka) to 15 to 109 cm/ka during postglacial time (17{\textendash}0 ka). Turbidite deposition is controlled by: (1) the emplacement of slope avalanches reorganising sediment pathways; (2) the postglacial marine transgression leading to a five-fold reduction in sediment supply to the slope due to disconnection of river mouths from the shelf edge, and (3) the Holocene/Pleistocene boundary climate warming resulting in a drastic decrease in the average turbidite grain-size. Flood-induced turbidites are scarce: nine hyperpycnites are recognised since 18 ka and the youngest is correlated to the largest ENSO-related storm event recorded onland (Lake Tutira). Other turbidites contain a benthic foraminiferal assemblage which is strictly reworked from the upper slope and which relates to large earthquakes over the last c. 7 ka. They yield a shorter return time (270{\textendash}430 years) than the published coastal records for large earthquakes (c. 670 years), but the offshore record is likely to be more complete. The deep-sea sedimentation along the New Zealand active margin illustrates the complex interaction of tectonic and climate in turbidite generation. Climate warming and glacio-eustatic fluctuations are well recorded at a millennial timescale (18 ka), while tectonic deformation and earthquakes appear predominant in fostering turbidite production at a centennial timescale (270{\textendash}430 years).},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2011.11.002},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025322711002507},
	author = {Pouderoux, Hugo and Proust, Jean-No{\"e}l and Lamarche, Geoffroy and Orpin, Alan and Neil, Helen}
}
@article {120,
	title = {Significance of active growth faulting on marsh accretion processes in the lower Pearl River, Louisiana},
	journal = {Geomorphology},
	volume = {153{\textendash}154},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2294},
	pages = {127-143},
	abstract = {Neotectonic processes influence marsh accretion in the lower Pearl River valley. Active growth faults are suggested by groupings of ponded river channel sections, transverse and linear river channel sections, and down- and across-valley contrasts in channel sinuosity. Seismic profiles identified several likely, fault-induced structural anomalies, two of which parallel the axes of surface distributary networks. Lithostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of six cores from across a suspected fault in the West Middle River, combined with 14C-based age control, yielded evidence of vertical offsets, indicating that this river section is on the plane of a growth fault. These data were used to estimate fault slip rates over two time intervals, 1.2 mm/y over the last 1300 yr, and 0.2 mm yr- 1 over the last 3700 yr, and delineated a sinusoidal pattern of deformation moving distally from the fault, which we interpret as resulting from fault-propagation folding. Higher rates of sediment accumulation (of the order of cm yr- 1 from 210Pbxs and 137Cs activity data) on the down-thrown side are consistent with sedimentary response to increased accommodation space, and mass-based sediment accumulation rates (g cm- 2 yr- 1) exhibit a pattern inverse of that shown by fault-driven sinusoidal deformation. We contend that near-surface growth faults are critically important to driving accretion rates and marsh response to sea-level rise.},
	issn = {0169-555X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.02.018},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169555X12001006},
	author = {Yeager, Kevin M. and Brunner, Charlotte A. and Kulp, Mark A. and Fischer, Dane and Feagin, Rusty A. and Schindler, Kimberly J. and Prouhet, Jeremiah and Bera, Gopal}
}
@article {154,
	title = {Stratigraphic evidence for an early Holocene earthquake in Aceh, Indonesia},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {54},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2139},
	pages = {142-151},
	abstract = {The Holocene stratigraphy of the coastal plain of the Aceh Province of Sumatra contains 6 m of sediment with three regionally consistent buried soils above pre-Quaternary bedrock or pre-Holocene unconsolidated sediment. Litho-, bio-, and chronostratigraphic analyses of the lower buried soil reveals a rapid change in relative sea-level caused by coseismic subsidence during an earlyHolocene megathrust earthquake. Evidence for paleoseismic subsidence is preserved as a buried mangrove soil, dominated by a pollen assemblage of Rhizophora and/or Bruguiera/Ceriops taxa. The soil is abruptly overlain by a thin tsunami sand. The sand contains mixed pollen and abraded foraminiferal assemblages of both offshore and onshore environments. The tsunami sand grades upward into mud that contains both well-preserved foraminifera of intertidal origin and individuals of the gastropod Cerithidea cingulata. Radiocarbon ages from the pre- and post-seismic sedimentary sequences constrain the paleoearthquake to 6500{\textendash}7000 cal. yrs. BP. We use micro-and macrofossil data to determine the local paleoenvironment before and after the earthquake. We estimate coseismic subsidence to be 0.45 {\textpm} 0.30 m, which is comparable to the 0.6 m of subsidence observed during the 2004 Aceh{\textendash}Andaman earthquake on Aceh{\textquoteright}s west coast.},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.03.011},
	author = {Grand Pre, C. and Horton, B. P. and Kelsey, H. M. and Rubin, C. M. and Hawkes, A. D. and Daryono, M. and Rosenberg, G. and Culver, S. J.}
}
@article {165,
	title = {The synchronization of palaeoclimatic events in the North Atlantic region during Greenland Stadial 3 (ca 27.5 to 23.3 kyr b2k)},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {36},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2145},
	pages = {154-163},
	abstract = {Two high resolution marine sediment cores located 83 km apart in the NE Atlantic have been studied: MD95-2006 (Barra Fan; 57{\textdegree}01.82 N, 10{\textdegree}03.48 W; 2120 m water depth) and MD04-2822 (Rockall Trough; 56{\textdegree}50.54 N, 11{\textdegree}22.96 W; 2344 m water depth). The records are anchored to the NGRIP ice core stratigraphy and GICC05 chronology by the presence of geochemically characterized Fugloyarbanki tephra and further tested by radiocarbon age control. Replicated sea surface temperature (SST) records show evidence for an abrupt and short-lived warming within Greenland Stadial (GS)-3, to which we tentatively assign an age of ca 25.6{\textendash}24.8 kyr GICC05 b2k. Based on these and another marine palaeoclimate record (LINK17) from the Faroe-Shetland Channel, we propose a new three-fold event stratigraphy for GS-3 within the North East Atlantic region. The recognition of this warming event within GS-3 in NE Atlantic SST records demonstrates that such events may not readily be identified within the coldest stadials of the Greenland ice cores, highlights the need for carefully constructed event stratigraphies (independently tested by the use of tephra isochrones and radiocarbon) and illustrates pervasive millennial-scale climate variability of the North Atlantic region (Dansgaard-Oeschger (D/O) events) is deeply embedded in the dynamics of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC).},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.12.014},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379110004452},
	author = {Austin, W. E. N. and Hibbert, F. D. and Rasmussen, S. O. and Peters, C. and Abbott, P. M. and Bryant, C. L.}
}
@article { ISI:000294494900012,
	title = {Age determination of large live trees with inner cavities: radiocarbon dating of Platland tree, a giant African baobab},
	journal = {ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE},
	volume = {68},
	number = {{5, SI}},
	year = {2011},
	month = {AUG},
	pages = {993-1003},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Introduction For large trees without a continuous sequence of growth rings in their trunk, such as the African baobab (Adansonia digitata L.), the only accurate method for age determination is radiocarbon dating. As of today, this method was limited to dating samples collected from the remains of dead specimens. Methods Our research extends significantly the dating of such trees to large live specimens with inner cavities. The new approach is based on collecting samples from the cavities and their subsequent radiocarbon dating. Results The giant two-stemmed Platland tree, also known as Sunland baobab, was investigated by using this new approach. AMS radiocarbon dates of the oldest sample segments originating from the two inner cavities indicate that the large stem I (364.5 m(3)) is 750 +/- 75 years old, while the much smaller stem II (136.7 m(3)) has 1,060 +/- 75 years. Results also show that stem I is still growing very fast, while the older stem II slowed down consistently its growth over the past 250 years. The complete mapping of Platland tree determined an overall wood volume of 501.2 m(3). Conclusions Dating results demonstrate that the size-age relation cannot be used for estimating accurately the age of African baobabs.},
	keywords = {Accelerator mass spectrometry, Adansonia digitata, Age determination, Growth rate, Radiocarbon dating},
	issn = {1286-4560},
	doi = {10.1007/s13595-011-0107-x},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and von Reden, Karl F. and Van Pelt, Robert and Mayne, Diana H. and Lowy, Daniel A. and Margineanu, Dragos}
}
@article {182,
	title = {The application of foraminifera to reconstruct the rate of 20th century sea level rise, Morbihan Golfe, Brittany, France},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {75},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 1889; 713FR Times Cited:1 Cited References Count:71submittedY},
	pages = {24-35},
	abstract = {Foraminiferal assemblages preserved within salt-marsh sediment can provide an accurate and precise means to reconstruct relative sea level due to a strong relationship with elevation, which can be quantified using a transfer function. We collected a set of surface samples from two salt marshes in the Morbihan Golfe, France to determine foraminiferal distribution patterns. Dominant taxa included Jadammina macrescens, Trochammina inflata, Haplophragmoides spp. and Miliammina fusca. We developed a foraminifera-based transfer function using a modern training set of 36 samples and 23 species. The strong relationship between observed and predicted values (r(jack)(2) = 0.7) indicated that foraminiferal distribution is primarily controlled by elevation with respect to the tidal frame and precise reconstructions of former sea level are possible (RMSEP(jack) = 0.07 m). The application of the transfer function to a short salt-marsh core (0.32 m) allowed the reconstruction of former sea levels, which were placed in a chronological framework using short-lived radionuclides ((210)Pb and (137)Cs). The agreement between the foraminifera-based sea level curve and the Brest tide-gauge record confirms the reliability of transfer function estimates and the validity of this methodology to extend sea level reconstructions back into the pre-instrumental period. Both instrumental and microfossil records suggest an acceleration of sea level rise during the 20th century. (C) 2010 University of Washington. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/J.Yqres.2010.07.017},
	author = {Rossi, V. and Horton, B. P. and Corbett, D. R. and Leorri, E. and Perez-Belmonte, L. and Douglas, B. C.}
}
@article {225,
	title = {Carbonate veins trace seawater circulation during exhumation and uplift of mantle rock: Results from ODP Leg 209},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {311},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2162},
	pages = {242-252},
	abstract = {Carbonate veins hosted in ultramafic basement drilled at two sites in the Mid Atlantic Ridge 15{\textdegree}N area record two different stages of fluid-basement interaction. A first generation of carbonate veins consists of calcite and dolomite that formed syn- to postkinematically in tremolite{\textendash}chlorite schists and serpentine schists that represent gently dipping large-offset faults. These veins formed at temperatures between 90 and 170 {\textdegree}C (oxygen isotope thermometry) and from fluids that show intense exchange of Sr and Li with the basement (87Sr/86Sr = 0.70387 to 0.70641, δ7LiL-SVEC = + 3.3 to + 8.6{\textperthousand}). Carbon isotopic compositions range to high δ13CPDB values (+ 8.7{\textperthousand}), indicating that methanogenesis took place at depth. The Sr{\textendash}Li{\textendash}C isotopic composition suggests temperatures of fluid-rock interaction that are much higher (T > 350{\textendash}400 {\textdegree}C) than the temperatures of vein mineral precipitation inferred from oxygen isotopes. A possible explanation for this discrepancy is that fluids cooled conductively during upflow within the presumed detachment fault. Aragonite veins were formed during the last 130 kyrs at low-temperatures within the uplifted serpentinized peridotites. Chemical and isotopic data suggest that the aragonites precipitated from cold seawater, which underwent overall little exchange with the basement. Oxygen isotope compositions indicate an increase in formation temperature of the veins by 8{\textendash}12 {\textdegree}C within the uppermost ~ 80 m of the subseafloor. This increase corresponds to a high regional geothermal gradient of 100{\textendash}150 {\textdegree}C/km, characteristic of young lithosphere undergoing rapid uplift.},
	issn = {0012-821X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2011.09.021},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X11005358},
	author = {Bach, Wolfgang and Rosner, Martin and J{\"o}ns, Niels and Rausch, Svenja and Robinson, Laura F. and Paulick, Holger and Erzinger, J{\"o}rg}
}
@article {188,
	title = {Distribution and significance of heavy-mineral concentrations along the southeast Baltic Sea coast},
	journal = {Journal of Coastal Research},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2126},
	pages = {1984-1988},
	abstract = {Heavy mineral concentrations (HMCs) in coastal sands are important from both scientific and practical standpoints. On one hand, they may serve as local sources of iron and other economically important metals, and on the other they are good indicators of hydro-meteorological and sedimentological conditions along the coast. A variety of HMC types have been documented in beach, foredune, and relict dune environments of Lithuania. The study region is located along the Curonian Spit (Nida) and mainland coast (Butinge). The ocean beach sites range from 25 to 35 m in width and are backed by 5-10 m-high foredunes. The Great Dune Ridge on the Curonian Spit consists of relict (mid-late Holocene) dunes which are the highest coastal dunes in Northern Europe (more than 60 m above sea level). The prevailing westerly winds attain speeds of 4.2 m/s in the summer and 5.5 m/s in autumn and winter. Along the southeast Baltic Sea coast, quartz and feldspars-rich sands contain variable amounts (1-8\%) of heavy minerals, such as garnet, rutile, zircon, magnetite, ilmenite, hornblende, and other accessory minerals. On the beach, HMCs typically range in thickness from 0.1 to more than 3.0 cm and represent increased wave and run-up regime. Based on previous studies of coastal morphodynamics and field observations during 2005, 2006, 2008 and 2010 enriched horizons near the foot of the foredune are the result of storm reworking and subsequent aeolian deflation. Similar process concentrates almandine garnet and magnetite along the Curonian Lagoon shoreline, on the opposite side from the Nida beach site. Based on their occurrence in the Great Dune Ridge, we suggest that buried HMCs likely represent periods of increased wind activity (storminess). Due to their relatively high fraction of heavy minerals, HMCs have substantially higher magnetic susceptibility (MS) values than background quartz-rich sands and, where well developed, they can be used for spatial correlation of subsurface horizons. Therefore, the MS method was used as a tool for cataloguing the properties of HMCs in the field and in the laboratory. For documenting lithological differences between exposed heavy-mineral concentrations and background quartz-rich sands, this study focused on coastal environments with different sedimentary regimes: 1) surface profile and shallow trenches through the upper berm at Bating (wave run-up setting along the mainland shoreline); 2) a 40-m-long shore-normal beach profile at Nida on the Baltic Sea shoreline of the Curonian Spit, (mixed wave/aeolian conditions) and 3) a short surface profile along a lagoon beach at the base of the Paranidis Dune (the landward side of the spit). The 2008 and 2010 data were compared to previous studies of the HMCs in relict dunes (exclusively aeolian setting). The spatial and temporal distribution of HMCs in different sedimentary environments is a function of: 1) the initial heavy-mineral content prior to high-energy events and 2) hydro-meteorological and sedimentary conditions during the events responsible for removal of lighter minerals and HMC formation as a lag deposit. The thickness, degree of concentration, and rhythmicity of HMC horizons offer opportunities for quantifying the periodicity and intensity of hydrodynamic processes along sandy coasts.},
	issn = {0749-0208},
	author = {Pupienis, D. and Buynevich, I. V. and Bitinas, A.}
}
@conference {1614,
	title = {Distribution of radiocarbon ages of soil organic matter by thermal fractionation},
	volume = {2011},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2207; Source type: scholarlyjournals; Object type: Article; Object type: Conference Paper; Copyright: GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States; CSAUnique: 638157-114; AccNum: 638157-114; CODEN: $\#$07548},
	month = {2011},
	pages = {@Abstract B31A-0311},
	publisher = {American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States (USA)},
	organization = {American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States (USA)},
	address = {United States (USA)},
	abstract = {Radiocarbon analysis has become an important tool in quantifying the dynamics of soil organic matter within the terrestrial carbon cycle (Trumbore 2009). Measuring radiocarbon concentrations in bulk soil samples provides only the mean age or residence time of the associated organic matter, but it is well recognized that representing soil organic matter as a single, homogeneous pool is inadequate. Significant effort has gone into separating soil organic matter into pools with different intrinsic turnover rates (i.e., radiocarbon concentrations), but the success of these separation methods has been mixed. Using thermal analysis techniques to characterize soil organic matter is rooted in the hypothesized link between the thermal and biogeochemical stability of the organic matter (Plante et al. 2011). Two grassland topsoil samples under contrasting land uses (native vegetation and long-term cultivation) were sampled in 2005 and submitted for radiocarbon analysis. Results of bulk (super 14) C showed a significant shift in radiocarbon age (94 to 79 pMC in the soil from Indian Head, Saskatchewan; 104 to 89 pMC in the soil from Akron, Colorado), attributable to the depletion of labile organic matter during long-term cultivation. Thermogravimetry and evolved gas analysis of these soil samples also showed distinct patterns in mass loss and CO (sub 2) release during thermal analysis, suggesting significant changes in organic matter composition. Four to five "fractions" associated with different CO (sub 2) -evolution regions have been identified and will be analyzed for radiocarbon via NOSAMS{\textquoteright}s established "dirt burner" method (Rosenheim et al. 2008), consisting of the recently developed discrete CO (sub 2) fraction collector interface between NOSAMS{\textquoteright}s dirt burner and microwave gas ion source (GIS) continuous flow AMS system (CFAMS). The research question is: Do the differing patterns in CO (sub 2) release during thermal analysis reflect organic matter of different ages Our working hypothesis is that thermally labile soil organic matter (combusting at low temperatures) will consist of younger carbon than thermally resistant organic matter. References: Plante, A. F., J. M. Fernandez, M. L. Haddix, and R. T. Conant. 2011. Biological, chemical and thermal indices of soil organic matter stability in four grassland soils. Soil Biol. Biochem. 43: 1051-1058. Rosenheim, B. E., M. B. Day, E. Domack, H. Schrum, A. Benthien, and J. M. Hayes. 2008. Antarctic sediment chronology by programmed-temperature pyrolysis: Methodology and data treatment. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems 9: 1-16. Trumbore, S. 2009. Radiocarbon and soil carbon dynamics. Annu Rev Earth Pl Sc 37: 47-66.},
	author = {Plante, A. F. and Beaupre, S. R. and Fernandez, J. M. and Roberts, M. and Baisden, W. T.}
}
@article {189,
	title = {Drilling predation and taphonomy in modern mollusk death assemblages, San Salvador Island, Bahamas},
	journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},
	volume = {311},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2166},
	pages = {74-81},
	abstract = {Studies of modern mollusk death assemblages provide an important framework for evaluating the fossil record. An analysis of 1951 shells from two beaches, Sandy Point and Haitian Boat Beach, on the isolated carbonate platform of San Salvador Island, Bahamas, has yielded significantly different frequencies of predation in bivalve-dominated assemblages. At Sandy Point Beach, bivalves and gastropods had a drilling frequency of 0.11 and 0.07, respectively. At Haitian Boat Beach, bivalves and gastropods showed a higher drilling frequency of 0.37 and 0.22, respectively. The prevalence of beveled drill holes suggests that the dominant predator was a naticid gastropod at both sites. Some ecological and environmental differences between the beaches could account for these disparate signals of predation: at Haitian Boat Beach, there is a higher abundance of the naticid Polinices sp. and it is a lower energy setting than Sandy Point Beach. Furthermore, radiocarbon dating of 17 shells at both beaches yielded a maximum age of > 6000 years before present, suggesting that these assemblages record a complex and long taphonomic history. These results imply that future large-scale coupling of predation studies with age dating of assemblages may provide important insights into the temporal structure of predation as well as the role of taphonomic loss of drilled shells.},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.08.003},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018211004287},
	author = {Pruss, Sara B. and Stevenson, Marquela and Duffey, Siobhan}
}
@article {224,
	title = {Fire history and human activities during the last 3300 cal yr BP in Spain{\textquoteright}s Central Pyrenees: The case of the Estany de Burg},
	journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},
	volume = {300},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2196},
	pages = {179-190},
	abstract = {The study of macroscopic charcoal particles from peat bogs has led to a better understanding of climate, vegetation and fire history, and human impacts. To determine the relationship between human activities and the role of fire events in vegetation change during the last 3300 cal yr BP, we present the results of a multi-proxy approach based on the analysis of sediment characteristics, sedimentary charcoal, organic matter and pollen, as well as historical sources. This multi-proxy research permits high resolution palaeoenvironmental and fire history reconstruction of a mountain area located in the southern central Pyrenees (Spain). In the Pyrenees, fire is typically attributed to human activities since the beginning of the Bronze Age and may be correlated with slash-and-burn cultivation, metallurgy and pasturing activities. The data indicate a good linkage between high fire signals and Poaceae and Cerealia pollen, which reveals the impact of agro-pastoral practices. This study also shows two periods, 2900{\textendash}2650 cal yr BP and 1850{\textendash}1550 cal yr BP, for which higher frequencies of fire occurred, suggested by high arboreal pollen (AP) concentrations, and confirming the need for arboreal biomass to sustain fires. From the beginning of the Middle Ages, it seems that a change occurred in the anthropogenic use of fire, from a tool for agro-pastoral forest clearance to a means of maintaining open spaces.},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.12.023},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018210007480},
	author = {Bal, Marie-Claude and Pelachs, Albert and Perez-Obiol, Ramon and Julia, Ramon and Cunill, Raquel}
}
@article {220,
	title = {Geological legacy of storm erosion along a high-energy indented coastline: northern Santa Catarina, Brazil},
	journal = {Journal of Coastal Research},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2125},
	pages = {1840-1844},
	abstract = {Along moderate to high-energy sandy coasts of the world, periods of accretion are often punctuated by episodes of erosion and retreat. However documenting the legacy of such events in sand-dominated sequences remains a challenge. The present-day moderate-relief coastlines of Cambori{\'u} Peninsula (CP) and the adjacent Navegantes coastal plain in Santa Catarina, Brazil, exhibit a variety of geological features related to recent intense storms, such as the Santa Catarina cyclone of record (March 2004) and subsequent events. These systems offer an opportunity to assess the use of modern indicators of storm erosion as a guide to reconstructing their counterparts from the sedimentary record. The 0.5-2.0-km-long, headland-segmented, coarse-grained, reflective beaches of the Cambori{\'u} Peninsula contrast with a 10-km-long, fine-grained, dissipative beach of the Navegantes plain. Morphological indicators of erosion include steep dune and berm scarps, as well as ephemeral washout channels produced by rainfall-induced runoff. Where modified by subsequent deposition, these features can still be identified by their diagnostic reflection geometries and variable-angle truncations (disconformities) in highresolution ground-penetrating radar (GPR) images. In addition to morphological indicators of erosion, coastal sedimentary sequences contain distinct lithological anomalies. Heavy-mineral concentrations (HMCs) are easily identifiable in sediment cores and trenches and produce strong reflections on GPR images. Along Estaleiro Beach (CP), a buried disconformity was identified in GPR images beneath a road, approximately 25 m landward of the November 2004 storm scarp. Its geometry is similar to the recent scarp and its strong geophysical signal return is due to a magnetite-enriched horizon at a depth of 2.6 m. At the Navegantes strandplain, patchy thin layers enriched in fine-grained heavy minerals are common on a gently sloping intertidal beach and near the base of foredunes. Moreover, in the landward portion of the plain that developed during the past 2,000 years, the presence of truncated tangential-oblique reflections in GPR records and HMCs reaching 10-30 cm in thickness indicates past reworking of beach and dune sediments by a series of intense erosional episodes. Low-field magnetic susceptibility measurements of vibracores indicate values from thick HMC layers exceeding 1,000 (*10-5 SI) in contrast to 0-15 (*10-5 SI) for background quartz-rich sands. Given the relatively constant background fraction of heavy minerals in beach sands, the thickness and degree of concentration in HMCs can be used as proxies for the relative impact of high-energy events, including their duration and magnitude. Despite the apparent low preservation potential of these features on high-energy coasts, post-storm accretion and rapid progradation increase their chances of being removed from wave action.},
	issn = {0749-0208},
	author = {Buynevich, I. V. and Klein, A. H. F. and FitzGerald, D. M. and Cleary, W. J. and Hein, C. and Veiga, F. A. and Angulo, R. J. and Asp, N. E. and Petermann, R.}
}
@article {211,
	title = {Geological slip rates along the North Anatolian Fault in the Marmara region},
	journal = {Tectonics},
	volume = {30},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2112; PT: J; TC: 0; J9: TECTONICS; UT: WOS:000296619700001},
	pages = {TC6001-TC6001},
	abstract = {Reliable piercing points on both sides of the Sea of Marmara enabled us to obtain an estimate of the slip-rate over time scales of 10-15 ka on different fault strands of the North Anatolian Fault (NAF) system. We analyzed geomorphic features in the gulfs of Izmit, Gemlik (Sea of Marmara) and Saros (NE Aegean Sea), which were passively displaced by the NAF strands after their abandonment related to the post-glacial sea level rise. Results for the main northern strand, consistently similar on both sides of the Marmara pull-apart, are in the order of 10 mm/yr, about one half of that expected from geodetic measurements and accepted plate-tectonic models. In the southern branch of the NAF, the estimated rate of similar to 4 mm/yr is only slightly higher than that given by geodetic models. Our findings have implications for both neo-tectonic reconstructions of the submerged portion of the NAF system, and fault interactions and seismic hazard estimates in the Marmara region. They suggest that, either the total Anatolia/Eurasia plate motion is more diffuse than previously reported, or geodetic data are not representative of the geological time-scale deformations. Moreover, they suggest that a significant amount of stress is accommodated along the southern strand of the NAF system, on which the last large (M approximate to 7) earthquakes dates back to 1419, 1855 and 1863 AD.},
	issn = {0278-7407},
	doi = {10.1029/2011TC002906},
	author = {Gasperini, Luca and Polonia, Alina and {\c C}a{\u g}atay, M. Namik and Bortoluzzi, Giovanni and Ferrante, Valentina}
}
@article {191,
	title = {Late Holocene environmental conditions in Coronation Gulf, southwestern Canadian Arctic Archipelago: evidence from dinoflagellate cysts, other non-pollen palynomorphs, and pollen},
	journal = {Journal of Quaternary Science},
	volume = {26},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2344},
	pages = {839-853},
	abstract = {Boxcore 99LSSL-001 (68.095{\textdegree}?N, 114.186{\textdegree} W; 211?m water depth) from Coronation Gulf represents the first decadal-scale marine palynology and late Holocene sediment record for the southwestern part of the Northwest Passage. The record was studied for organic-walled microfossils (dinoflagellate cysts, non-pollen palynomorphs), pollen, terrestrial spores, and sediment characteristics. 210Pb, 137Cs, and three accelerator mass spectrometry 14C dates constrain the chronology. Three prominent palaeoenvironmental zones were identified. During the interval AD 1470?1680 (Zone I), the climate was warmer and wetter than at present, and environmental conditions were more favourable to biological activity and northward boreal forest migration, with reduced sea-ice and a longer open-water (growing) season. The interval AD 1680?1940 (Zone II) records sea-ice increase, and generally cool, polar conditions during the Little Ice Age. During AD 1940?2000 (Zone III), organic microfossils indicate an extended open-water season and decreased sea-ice, with suggested amelioration surpassing that of Zone I. Although more marine studies are needed to place this record into an appropriate context, the succession from ameliorated (Zone I) to cooler, sea-ice influenced conditions (Zone II) and finally to 20th-century warming (Zone III) corresponds well with several terrestrial climatic records from the neighbouring mainland and Victoria Island, and with lower-resolution marine records to the west. Copyright {\textcopyright} 2011 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	issn = {1099-1417},
	doi = {10.1002/jqs.1503},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1503},
	author = {Pie{\'n}kowski, A. J. and Mudie, Peta J. and England, John H. and Smith, John N. and Furze, Mark F. A.}
}
@article {219,
	title = {Late Quaternary environmental change inferred from phytoliths and other soil-related proxies: Case studies from the central and southern Great Plains, USA},
	journal = {Catena},
	volume = {85},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 1992; PT: J; SI: SI; UT: WOS:000288642200002},
	pages = {87-108},
	abstract = {This study investigates stable carbon isotopes (delta(13)C), opal phytolith assemblages, burnt phytoliths, microscopic charcoal and Sporormiella spores from modern soils and paleosols in Kansas and Oklahoma. Grass and dicot phytoliths in combination with delta(13)C are used as proxies for reconstructing the structure of grasslands and woodlands. Burnt grass phytoliths and microscopic charcoal are evaluated as proxies for reconstructing paleofire incidence. Concentrations of the fungal spore Sporormiella are used as a proxy for assessing large herbivore activity. These proxies were tested on various modern grassland communities of the central and southern Great Plains, including areas with bison, cattle, and small herbivores, and areas under different fire frequencies. Opal phytolith assemblages and delta(13)C values show that before cal 11 ka, C(3) grasses and woody plants predominated in areas that today are dominated by C(4) grasses. The origin of the shortgrass prairie dates back to about cal 10 ka. The origin of the tallgrass prairie, however, is not clear as phytolith data show variable assemblages throughout the Holocene (mixed-grass, tallgrass, and tallgrass-woodland mosaic). Different proxies (burnt phytoliths vs. charcoal) reveal different fire frequencies, but it is apparent that microfossil evidence for fire incidence is closely related to the abundance of woody plants in the landscape. Before cal 12 ka, soils show somewhat elevated concentration of Spororrniella, but lower concentrations than the modern high-density bison and cattle grazing areas. Throughout the Holocene. Sporormiella frequencies are low, which suggests lower large ungulate densities and perhaps high mobility. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0341-8162},
	doi = {10.1016/j.catena.2010.08.015},
	author = {Cordova, Carlos E. and Johnson, William C. and Mandel, Rolfe D. and Palmer, Michael W.}
}
@article {190,
	title = {Methane hydrate-bearing seeps as a source of aged dissolved organic carbon to the oceans},
	journal = {Nature Geoscience},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2030; PT: J; UT: WOS:000285498600015},
	pages = {37-41},
	abstract = {Marine sediments contain about 500-10,000 Gt of methane carbon(1-3), primarily in gas hydrate. This reservoir is comparable in size to the amount of organic carbon in land biota, terrestrial soils, the atmosphere and sea water combined(1,4), but it releases relatively little methane to the ocean and atmosphere(5). Sedimentary microbes convert most of the dissolved methane to carbon dioxide(6,7). Here we show that a significant additional product associated with microbial methane consumption is methane-derived dissolved organic carbon. We use Delta(14)C and delta(13)C measurements and isotopic mass-balance calculations to evaluate the contribution of methane-derived carbon to seawater dissolved organic carbon overlying gas hydrate-bearing seeps in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. We show that carbon derived from fossil methane accounts for up to 28\% of the dissolved organic carbon. This methane-derived material is much older, and more depleted in (13)C, than background dissolved organic carbon. We suggest that fossil methane-derived carbon may contribute significantly to the estimated 4,000-6,000 year age of dissolved organic carbon in the deep ocean(8), and provide reduced organic matter and energy to deep-ocean microbial communities.},
	issn = {1752-0894},
	doi = {10.1038/NGEO1016},
	author = {Pohlman, John W. and Bauer, James E. and Waite, William F. and Osburn, Christopher L. and Chapman, N. Ross}
}
@article {218,
	title = {Micropaleontologic record of Quaternary paleoenvironments in the Central Albemarle Embayment, North Carolina, U.S.A},
	journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},
	volume = {305},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2182},
	pages = {227-249},
	abstract = {To understand the temporal and spatial variation of eustatic sea-level fluctuations, glacio{\textendash}hydro{\textendash}isostacy, tectonics, subsidence, geologic environments and sedimentation patterns for the Quaternary of a passive continental margin, a nearly complete stratigraphic record that is fully integrated with a three dimensional chronostratigraphic framework, and paleoenvironmental information are necessary. The Albemarle Embayment, a Cenozoic regional depositional basin in eastern North Carolina located on the southeast Atlantic coast of the USA, is an ideal setting to unravel these dynamic, interrelated processes. Micropaleontological data, coupled with sedimentologic, chronostratigraphic and seismic data provide the bases for detailed interpretations of paleoenvironmental evolution and paleoclimates in the 90 m thick Quaternary record of the Albemarle Embayment. The data presented here come from a transect of cores drilled through a barrier island complex in the central Albemarle Embayment. This area sits in a ramp-like setting between late Pleistocene incised valleys. The data document the episodic infilling of the Albemarle Embayment throughout the Quaternary as a series of transgressive{\textendash}regressive (T{\textendash}R) cycles, characterized by inner shelf, midshelf, and shoreface assemblages, that overlie remnants of fluvial to estuarine valley-fill. Barrier island and marginal marine deposits have a low preservation potential. Inner to mid-shelf deposits of the early Pleistocene are overlain by similar middle Pleistocene shelf sediments in the south of the study area but entirely by inner shelf deposits in the north. Late Pleistocene marine sediments are of inner shelf origin and Holocene deposits are marginal marine in nature. Pleistocene marine sediments are incised, particularly in the northern half of the embayment by lowstand paleovalleys, partly filled by fluvial/floodplain deposits and in some cases, overlain by remnants of transgressive estuarine sediments. The shallowing through time of Quaternary sediments reflects the eastward progradational geometry of the continental shelf. The preservation potential of marginal marine deposits (barrier island, shoreface, backbarrier deposits) is not high, except in topographic lows associated with late Pleistocene paleovalleys and inlets because the current interglacial highstand has not yet reached its highest level. Given the documented increase in rate of relative sea-level rise in this region, shallow marine conditions are likely to return to the central Albemarle Embayment in the near future.},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.03.004},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018211001143},
	author = {Culver, Stephen J. and Farrell, Kathleen M. and Mallinson, David J. and Willard, Debra A. and Horton, Benjamin P. and Riggs, Stanley R. and Thieler, E. Robert and Wehmiller, John F. and Parham, Peter and Snyder, Scott W. and Hillier, Caroline}
}
@inbook {691,
	title = {Pontic-Baltic pathways for invasive aquatic species: geoarchaeological implications},
	booktitle = {Geology and Geoarchaeology of the Black Sea Region: Beyond the Flood Hypothesis},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2122},
	pages = {189-196},
	publisher = {Geological Society of America},
	organization = {Geological Society of America},
	abstract = {An accurate chronology for the exchange of aquatic species between water basins is important for paleoenvironmental reconstruction on both regional and continental scales. During the early Holocene, the range of zebra mussels, Dreissena polymorpha, was limited to the Black, Azov, Caspian, and Aral Seas, as well as the estuaries and lower and middle reaches of the Pontic-Caspian rivers. We present new findings that challenge the currently held view that this species migrated into the Baltic Sea watershed during the early 1800s through the canals joining the tributaries of rivers that drain into the Black and Baltic Sea basins. Geological investigations along the southeast Baltic Sea coast (Curonian and Vistula spits and lagoons) have uncovered shells of D. polymorpha that yielded radiocarbon ages older than 1000 radiocarbon yr B.P. We propose two scenarios to explain the new radiocarbon dates for D. polymorpha. The first scenario involves an anomalously large reservoir effect{\textemdash}as large as 600{\textendash}800 yr{\textemdash}however, several lines of evidence cast doubt upon the validity of such a large reservoir correction. The second scenario that might explain the old zebra mussel ages is the earlier arrival of Dreissena polymorpha into the Baltic region. Natural exchange may have been facilitated by the proximity of the tributaries draining the Pontic and Baltic watersheds. Human-mediated transport is also considered in association with Viking voyages from the Baltic to the Black and Caspian Seas between A.D. 800 and 1000, and the riverine trade exchange during the Lithuanian expansion into the Pontic steppe in subsequent centuries. It is likely that both scenarios played a role, with implications for late Holocene biogeography and paleoecology of the Pontic-Caspian and Baltic basins.},
	issn = {9780813724737},
	doi = {10.1130/2011.2473(12)​},
	author = {Buynevich, I. V. and Damu{\v s}yte, A. and Bitinas, A. and Olenin, S. and Ma{\v z}eika, J. and Petro{\v s}ius, R.},
	editor = {Buynevich, I. V.}
}
@article {179,
	title = {Pulleniatina Minimum Events in the Andaman Sea (NE Indian Ocean): Implications for winter monsoon and thermocline changes},
	journal = {Marine Micropaleontology},
	volume = {81},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2159},
	pages = {88-94},
	abstract = {The late Quaternary record of Pulleniatina obliquiloculata was investigated from two well dated sediment cores from the Andaman Sea (NE Indian Ocean) to examine its paleoceanographic significance and the presence of the Pulleniatina Minimum Events (PME) in the western North Pacific. As in the Pacific, our study shows that PMEs exist in the Indian Ocean albeit with a lower intensity. The Holocene PME occurs between 4.5 and 3.0 cal ka BP with a considerable reduction in P. obliquiloculata abundance, and which matches well with the Pacific records influenced by the Kuroshio Current. Additionally, two significant minimum events of P. obliquiloculata are also seen during the Younger Dryas (YD) and late Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 20{\textendash}18 cal ka BP). Overall, the PMEs of the Andaman Sea are not current driven events like in the western Pacific margin either by the weakening of the Kuroshio Current or reduced winter SSTs. The PMEs of the Andaman Sea are characterised by lower abundances of thermocline species indicating the increased depth of the thermocline (DOT) and reduced winter SSTs mainly during the minimum events of the YD and late LGM. The high SSTs during the Holocene PME make this event a mystery. However, the presence of PMEs in the Andaman Sea suggests that these events are not confined to areas influenced by the Kuroshio Current but may be responding to a broad scale oceanographic{\textendash}climatic process or mechanism which needs to be explored with a detailed study.},
	issn = {0377-8398},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marmicro.2011.09.001},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377839811000909},
	author = {Sijinkumar, A. V. and Nath, B. Nagender and Possnert, G. and Aldahan, A.}
}
@article {177,
	title = {Radiocarbon chronology of the late-glacial Puerto Bandera moraines, Southern Patagonian Icefield, Argentina},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {30},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 1954; PT: J; UT: WOS:000295387000014},
	pages = {2551-2569},
	abstract = {We report radiocarbon dates that constrain the timing of the deposition of the late-glacial Puerto Bandera moraine system alongside the western reaches of Lago Argentino adjacent to the Southern Patagonian Icefield. Close maximum-limiting radiocarbon ages (n = 11) for glacier advance into the outer moraines, with a mean value of 11,100 +/- 60 (14)C yrs BP (12,990 +/- 80 cal yrs BP), were obtained from wood in deformation (soft) till exposed beneath flow and lodgment till in Bahia del Quemado on the northeast side of Brazo Norte (North Branch) of western Lago Argentino. Other exposures of this basal deformation till in Bahia del Quemado reveal incorporated clasts of peat, along with larger inclusions of deformed glaciofluvial and lacustrine deposits. Radiocarbon dates of wood included in these reworked peat clasts range from 11,450 +/- 45 (14)C yrs BP to 13,450 +/- 150 (14)C yrs BP (13,315 +/- 60 to 16,440 +/- 340 cal yrs BP). The implication is that, during this interval, glacier fronts were situated inboard of the Puerto Bandera moraines, with the peat clasts and larger proglacial deposits being eroded and then included in the basal till during the Puerto Bandera advance. Minimum-limiting radiocarbon ages for ice retreat come from basal peat in cores sampled in spillways and depressions generated during abandonment of the Puerto Bandera moraines. Glacier recession and subsequent plant colonization were initiated close behind different frontal sectors of these moraines prior to: 10,750 +/- 75 (14)C yrs BP (12,660 +/- 70 cal yrs BP) east of Brazo Rico, 10,550 +/- 55 (14)C yrs BP (12,490 +/- 80 cal yrs BP) in Peninsula Avellaneda, and 10,400 +/- 50 (14)C yrs BP (12,280 +/- 110 cal yrs BP) in Bahia Catalana. In addition, a radiocarbon date indicates that by 10,350 +/- 45 (14)C yrs BP (12,220 +/- 110 cal yrs BP), the Brazo Norte lobe (or former Upsala Glacier) had receded well up the northern branch of Lago Argentino, to a position behind the Herminita moraines. Furthermore, glacier termini had receded to just outboard of the outer Holocene moraines at Lago Frias and Lago Pearson (Anita) prior to 10,400 +/- 40 (14)C yrs BP (12,270 +/- 100 cal yrs BP) and 9040 +/- 45 (14)C yrs BP (10,210 +/- 50 cal yrs BP), respectively. The most extensive recession registered during the early Holocene was in Agassiz Este Valley, where the Upsala Glacier had pulled back behind the outer Holocene moraine, reaching close to the present-day glacier terminus before 8290 +/- 40 (14)C yrs BP (9300 +/- 80 cal yrs BP). The radiocarbon-dated fluctuations of the Lago Argentino glacier in late-glacial time, given here, are in accord with changes in ocean mixed layer properties, predominately temperature, derived from the isotopic record given here of ODP Core 1233, taken a short distance off shore of the Chilean Lake District. It also matches recently published chronologies of late-glacial moraines in the Southern Alps of New Zealand on the opposite side of the Pacific Ocean from Lago Argentino. Finally, the timing of the late-glacial reversal of the Lago Argentino glacier fits the most recent chronology for the culmination of the Antarctic Cold Reversal (ACR) in the deuterium record of the EPICA Dome C ice core from high on the East Antarctic Plateau. Therefore, we conclude that the climate signature of the ACR was widespread in both the ocean and the atmosphere over at least the southern quarter of the globe. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.05.004},
	author = {Strelin, J. A. and Denton, G. H. and Vandergoes, M. J. and Ninnemann, U. S. and Putnam, A. E.}
}
@article {221,
	title = {Rapid coastal dune migration into temperate and equatorial forests: optical chronology of imaged upper slipface strata},
	journal = {Journal of Coastal Research},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2124},
	pages = {726-730},
	abstract = {This study presents the first sets of optical dates that constrain dunefield evolution along a temperate, forested, microtidal barrier (Curonian Spit, southeast Baltic Sea, Lithuania) and a macrotidal equatorial mangrove coast (Par{\'a} State, northern Brazil). In both areas, high-resolution geophysical (georadar) images were used to map the subsurface architecture, relative chronology, and orientation of dune migration surfaces (slipfaces) and vertical accretion strata. Besides relative chronology of dune accretion, subsurface images reveal bounding (superimposition) surfaces indicative of distinct activity phases. A cross-barrier Preila transect on the Curonian Spit, served as the basis for establishing dune chronology in this historically active part of the Great Dune Ridge. Due to barrier width (> 1km) and dune height (>30 m), aeolian sand transfer, rather than overwash and breaching, has been the dominant process of landward migration for this barrier spit since mid-Holocene. OSL dating of the upper sections of buried slipfaces in shallow trenches revealed dune migration of more than 600 m between mid-1500s and late 1700s at the Preila site. These ages are consistent with historical records and the time of burial of a coastal village near the edge of a lagoon by 1797. In equatorial Brazil (Atalaia Beach), large reactivated parabolic dunes have been migrating over coastal roads and mangrove forests over at least the past 150 years. In geophysical images of a parabolic dune, numerous high-amplitude hyperbolic anomalies produced by buried trees contrast with steeply landward-dipping slipface reflections. Due to water table elevation, the lower older part of the dune sequence has been stabilized in the blowout area. Similarly, interdunal lake has partially arrested the migration of a transverse dune ridge, while the adjacent segment continues to advance onto a sparsely vegetated plain. Our preliminary data indicate that whereas the two regions differ markedly in their precipitation patterns, vegetation types, oceanographic setting, and land-use history, both experienced episodes of rapid (average: 1-2 m/year) migration of massive dunes (10-50 m high), which continues locally at the present time. Aside from their implications to coastal evolution, accurate reconstructions of dune dynamics on decadal to centennial time scales should be integrated into coastal development and management strategies.},
	issn = {0749-0208},
	author = {Buynevich, I. V. and Bitinas, A. and Souza Filho, P. W. M. and Pupienis, D. and Asp, N. E. and Goble, R. J. and Kerber, L. E.}
}
@article {210,
	title = {Rapid Holocene coastal change revealed by high-resolution micropaleontological analysis, Pamlico Sound, North Carolina, USA},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {76},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2164},
	pages = {319-334},
	abstract = {Foraminiferal analyses of 404 contiguous samples, supported by diatom, lithologic, geochronologic and seismic data, reveal both rapid and gradual Holocene paleoenvironmental changes in an 8.21-m vibracore taken from southern Pamlico Sound, North Carolina. Data record initial flooding of a latest Pleistocene river drainage and the formation of an estuary 9000 yr ago. Estuarine conditions were punctuated by two intervals of marine influence from approximately 4100 to 3700 and 1150 to 500 cal yr BP. Foraminiferal assemblages in the muddy sand facies that accumulated during these intervals contain many well-preserved benthic foraminiferal species, which occur today in open marine settings as deep as the mid shelf, and significant numbers of well-preserved planktonic foraminifera, some typical of Gulf Stream waters. We postulate that these marine-influenced units resulted from temporary destruction of the southern Outer Banks barrier islands by hurricanes. The second increase in marine influence is coeval with increased rate of sea-level rise and a peak in Atlantic tropical cyclone activity during the Medieval Climate Anomaly. This high-resolution analysis demonstrates the range of environmental variability and the rapidity of coastal change that can result from the interplay of changing climate, sea level and geomorphology in an estuarine setting.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2011.06.012},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033589411000883},
	author = {Grand Pre, Candace and Culver, Stephen J. and Mallinson, David J. and Farrell, Kathleen M. and Corbett, D. Reide and Horton, Benjamin P. and Hillier, Caroline and Riggs, Stanley R. and Snyder, Scott W. and Buzas, Martin A.}
}
@article {198,
	title = {Retreat of the East Antarctic ice sheet during the last glacial termination RID F-5711-2011},
	journal = {Nature Geoscience},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2003; PT: J; UT: WOS:000287802300021},
	pages = {195-202},
	abstract = {The retreat of the East Antarctic ice sheet at the end of the last glacial period has been attributed to both sea-level rise and warming of the ocean at the margin of the ice sheet, but it has been challenging to test these hypotheses. Given the lack of constraints on the timing of retreat, it has been difficult to evaluate whether the East Antarctic ice sheet contributed to meltwater pulse 1a, an abrupt sea-level rise of approximately 20 m that occurred about 14,700 years ago. Here we use terrestrial exposure ages and marine sedimentological analyses to show that ice retreat in Mac. Robertson Land, East Antarctica, initiated about 14,000 years ago, became widespread about 12,000 years ago, and was completed by about 7,000 years ago. We use two models of different complexities to assess the forcing of the retreat. Our simulations suggest that, although the initial stage of retreat may have been forced by sea-level rise, the majority of the ice loss resulted from ocean warming at the onset of the Holocene epoch. In light of our age model we conclude that the East Antarctic ice sheet is unlikely to have been the source of meltwater pulse 1a, and, on the basis of our simulations, suggest that Antarctic ice sheets made an insignificant contribution to eustatic sea-level rise at this time.},
	issn = {1752-0894},
	doi = {10.1038/NGEO1061},
	author = {Mackintosh, Andrew and Golledge, Nicholas and Domack, Eugene and Dunbar, Robert and Leventer, Amy and White, Duanne and Pollard, David and DeConto, Robert and Fink, David and Zwartz, Dan and Gore, Damian and Lavoie, Caroline}
}
@article {185,
	title = {Siliceous productivity changes in Gulf of Ancud sediments (42{\textdegree}S, 72{\textdegree}W), southern Chile, over the last \~{}150 years},
	journal = {Fjord Oceanography of the Chilean Patagonia},
	volume = {31},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2191},
	pages = {356-365},
	abstract = {We evaluated changes in siliceous export production and the source of organic matter preserved in sediment core MD07-3109H recovered from the Gulf of Ancud, Chilo{\'e} Inner Sea (42{\textdegree}S, 72{\textdegree}W, water column depth: 328 m), southern Chile. We analyzed the abundance of siliceous microfossils (diatoms, silicoflagellates, sponge spicules, Chrysophyte cysts, phytoliths), geochemical proxies (weight percent silicon \%SiOPAL, organic carbon, total nitrogen, C/N molar), and sediment stable isotopes (δ13Corg, δ15N). Chronology based on 210Pb and 14C provided an accumulated age of 144 years at the base of the core. Sediments of core MD07-3109H are predominantly marine in origin, averaging δ13Corg={\textendash}20.75{\textperthousand}{\textpm}0.82, δ15N=8.7{\textpm}0.35{\textperthousand}, and C/N=8.76{\textpm}0.36. Marine diatoms compose 94\% of the total assemblage of siliceous microfossils. Our record of productivity based on the mass accumulation rates of organic carbon, total nitrogen, SiOPAL, and total diatoms showed high values between 1863 and 1869 AD followed by a declining trend until 1921 AD, a transition period from 1921 to 1959 AD with fluctuating values, and a clear decreasing pattern from 1960 AD to the present. This marked reduction in productivity was associated with decreased precipitation and Puelo River streamflow (41{\textdegree}S), as well as a warmer and more stratified water column, especially since the 1980s.},
	issn = {0278-4343},
	doi = {10.1016/j.csr.2010.06.015},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278434310002177},
	author = {Rebolledo, Lorena and Gonz{\'a}lez, Humberto E. and Mu{\~n}oz, Praxedes and Iriarte, Jos{\'e} L. and Lange, Carina B. and Pantoja, Silvio and Salamanca, Marco}
}
@article {193,
	title = {Solar modulation of North Atlantic central Water formation at multidecadal timescales during the late Holocene},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {308},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2175},
	pages = {161-171},
	abstract = {Understanding natural climate variability in the North Atlantic region is essential not only to assess the sensitivity of atmosphere{\textendash}ocean climate signal exchange and propagation, but also to help distinguish between natural and anthropogenic climate change. The North Atlantic Oscillation is one of the controlling modes in recent variability of atmosphere{\textendash}ocean linkages and ice/freshwater fluxes between the Polar and North Atlantic Ocean. Through these processes the NAO influences water mass formation and the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning circulation and thereby variability in ocean heat transport. However, the impact of the NAO as well as other forcing mechanisms on multidecadal timescales such as total solar irradiance on Eastern North Atlantic Central Water production, central water circulation, and climate signal propagation from high to low latitudes in the eastern subpolar and subtropical basins remains uncertain. Here we use a 1200 yr long benthic foraminiferal Mg/Ca based temperature and oxygen isotope record from a ~ 900 m deep sediment core off northwest Africa to show that atmosphere{\textendash}ocean interactions in the eastern subpolar gyre are transferred at central water depth into the eastern boundary of the subtropical gyre. Further we link the variability of the NAO (over the past 165 yrs) and solar irradiance (Late Holocene) and their control on subpolar mode water formation to the multidecadal variability observed at mid-depth in the eastern subtropical gyre. Our results show that eastern North Atlantic central waters cooled by up to ~ 0.8 {\textpm} 0.7 {\textdegree}C and densities decreased by σθ = 0.3 {\textpm} 0.2 during positive NAO years and during minima in solar irradiance during the Late Holocene. The presented records demonstrate the sensitivity of central water formation to enhanced atmospheric forcing and ice/freshwater fluxes into the eastern subpolar gyre and the importance of central water circulation for cross-gyre climate signal propagation during the Late Holocene.},
	issn = {0012-821X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2011.05.043},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X11003268},
	author = {Morley, Audrey and Schulz, Michael and Rosenthal, Yair and Mulitza, Stefan and Paul, Andr{\'e} and R{\"u}hlemann, Carsten}
}
@article { ISI:000297458300001,
	title = {Stratigraphic record of Holocene coseismic subsidence, Padang, West Sumatra},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH},
	volume = {116},
	year = {2011},
	month = {NOV 23},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Stratigraphic evidence is found for two coseismic subsidence events that underlie a floodplain 20 km south of Padang, West Sumatra along the Mentawai segment (0.5 S- 0.3 S) of the Sunda subduction zone. Each earthquake is marked by a sharp soil-mud contact that represents a sudden change from mangrove to tidal flat. The earthquakes occurred about 4000 and 3000 cal years B.P. based on radiocarbon ages of detrital plant fragments and seeds. The absence of younger paleoseismic evidence suggests that late Holocene relative sea level fall left the floodplain too high for an earthquake to lower it into the intertidal zone. Our results point to a brief, few thousand year window of preservation of subsidence events in tidal-wetland stratigraphic sequences, a result that is generally applicable to other emergent coastlines of West Sumatra.},
	issn = {2169-9313},
	doi = {10.1029/2011JB008205},
	author = {Dura, Tina and Rubin, Charles M. and Kelsey, Harvey M. and Horton, Benjamin P. and Hawkes, Andrea and Vane, Christopher H. and Daryono, Mudrik and Pre, Candace Grand and Ladinsky, Tyler and Bradley, Sarah}
}
@article {172,
	title = {U-series dating of co-seismic gypsum and submarine paleoseismology of active faults in Northern Chile (23{\textdegree}S)},
	journal = {Tectonophysics},
	volume = {497},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2147},
	pages = {34-44},
	abstract = {The convergence of the Nazca and South American plates along the subduction margin of the central Andes results in large subduction earthquakes and tectonic activity along major fault systems. Despite its relevance, the paleoseismic record of this region is scarce, hampering our understanding about the relationship between the Andes building and earthquake occurrence. In this study, we used the U-series disequilibrium method to obtain absolute ages of paleoearthquake events associated with normal displacements along the active Mejillones and Salar del Carmen faults in the Coastal Range of the Atacama Desert of northern Chile. The 230Th{\textendash}234U disequilibrium ages in co-seismic gypsum salts sampled along the fault traces together with marine evidences indicate that earthquakes occurred at ca. 29.7 {\textpm} 1.7 ka, 11 {\textpm} 4 ka and 2.4 {\textpm} 0.8 ka. When coupled with paleoseismic marine and radiocarbon (14C) records in the nearby Mejillones Bay evidencing large dislocations along the Mejillones Fault, the geochronological dataset presented here is consistent with the notion that gypsum salts formed during large earthquakes as a result of co-seismic dilatancy pumping of saline waters along the major faults. Based on maximum observed cumulative vertical offsets in the studied faults, this phenomena could have occurred episodically at a rate in the order of 1:40 to 1:50 with respect to the very large subduction earthquakes during the latest Pleistocene{\textendash}Holocene period. The results presented here reveal that the U-series disequilibrium method can be successfully applied to date the gypsum salts deposited along faults during seismic events, and therefore directly constrain the age of large paleoearthquakes in hyperarid and seismically active zones.},
	issn = {0040-1951},
	doi = {10.1016/j.tecto.2010.10.017},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040195110004506},
	author = {Vargas, Gabriel and Palacios, Carlos and Reich, Martin and Luo, Shangde and Shen, Chuan-Chou and Gonz{\'a}lez, Gabriel and Wu, Yi-Chen}
}
@conference {1552,
	title = {Aeolian sand invasion in coastal regions: geomorphological and geophysical aspects},
	booktitle = {Schukin Conference on Geomorphology},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 2128},
	month = {2010},
	pages = {281},
	publisher = {Moscow State University},
	organization = {Moscow State University},
	author = {Buynevich, I. V. and Souza Filho, P. W. M. and Bitinas, A. and Asp, N. E. and Pupienis, D.}
}
@article {1829,
	title = {Age and Growth Rate Dynamics of an Old African Baobab Determined by Radiocarbon Dating},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {52},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Sp. Iss. 1696jn
Times Cited:2
Cited References Count:21
},
	month = {2010},
	pages = {727-734},
	abstract = {In 2008, a large African baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) from Makulu Makete, South Africa, split vertically into 2 sections, revealing a large enclosed cavity. Several wood samples collected from the cavity were processed and radiocarbon dated by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) for determining the age and growth rate dynamics of the tree. The C-14 date of the oldest sample was found to be of 1016 +/- 22 BP, which corresponds to a calibrated age of 1000 +/- 15 yr. Thus, the Makulu Makete tree, which eventually collapsed to the ground and died, becomes the second oldest African baobab dated accurately to at least 1000 yr. The conventional growth rate of the trunk, estimated by the radial increase, declined gradually over its life cycle. However, the growth rate expressed more adequately by the cross-sectional area increase and by the volume increase accelerated up to the age of 650 yr and remained almost constant over the past 450 yr.},
	keywords = {cal kyr bp, Calibration, southern-hemisphere},
	isbn = {0033-8222},
	author = {Patrut, A. and Mayne, D. H. and von Reden, K. F. and Lowy, D. A. and Venter, S. and McNichol, A. P. and Roberts, M. L. and Margineanu, D.}
}
@article {443,
	title = {Aminostratigraphy of surface and subsurface Quaternary sediments, North Carolina coastal plain, USA},
	journal = {Quaternary Geochronology},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2010},
	note = {639btTimes Cited:19Cited References Count:82},
	month = {Aug},
	pages = {459-492},
	abstract = {The Quaternary stratigraphy and geochronology of the Albemarle Embayment of the North Carolina (NC) Coastal Plain is examined using amino acid racemization (AAR) in marine mollusks, in combination with geophysical, lithologic, and biostratigraphic analysis of 28 rotasonic cores drilled between 2002 and 2006. The Albemarle Embayment is bounded by structural highs to the north and south, and Quaternary strata thin westward toward the Suffolk paleoshoreline, frequently referred to as the Suffolk Scarp. The Quaternary section is up to similar to 90 m thick, consists of a variety of estuarine, shelf, back-barrier, and lagoonal deposits, and has been influenced by multiple sea-level cycles. The temporal resolution of the amino acid racemization method is tested statistically and with the stratigraphic control provided by this geologic framework, and it is then applied to the correlation and age estimation of subsurface units throughout the region. Over 500 specimens (primarily Mercenaria and Mulinia) from the subsurface section have been analyzed using either gas chromatographic (GC) or reverse-phase liquid chromatographic (RPLC) techniques. The subsurface stratigraphic data are compared with AAR results from numerous natural or excavated exposures from the surrounding region, as well as results from NC beach collections, to develop a comprehensive aminostratigraphic database for the entire Quaternary record within the NC coastal system. Age mixing, recognized in the beach collections, is also seen in subsurface sections, usually where major seismic reflections or core lithology indicate the presence of stratigraphic discontinuities. Kinetic models for racemization are tested within the regional stratigraphic framework, using either radiocarbon or U-series calibrations or comparison with regional biostratigraphy. Three major Pleistocene aminozones [AZ2, AZ3, and AZ4] are found throughout the region, all being found in superposition in several cores. Each can be subdivided, yielding a total of at least eight stratigraphically and statistically distinct aminozones. Kinetic modeling, supplemented with local calibration, indicates that these aminozones represent depositional events ranging from similar to 80 ka to nearly 2 Ma. Three prominent seismic reflections are interpreted to represent the base of the early, middle, and late Pleistocene, respectively, roughly 2 Ma, 800 ka, and 130 ka. The large number of samples and the available stratigraphic control provide new insights into the capabilities and limitations of aminostratigraphic methods in assessing relative and numerical ages of Atlantic Coastal Plain Quaternary deposits. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {1871-1014},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quageo.2009.10.005},
	author = {Wehmiller, J. F. and Thieler, E. R. and Miller, D. and Pellerito, V. and Keeney, V. B. and Riggs, S. R. and Culver, S. and Mallinson, D. and Farrell, K. M. and York, L. L. and Pierson, J. and Parham, P. R.}
}
@article {238,
	title = {Asphalt volcanoes as a potential source of methane to late Pleistocene coastal waters},
	journal = {Nature Geoscience},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 1866; Sp. Iss. SI 589XW Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:28; YY},
	pages = {345-348},
	abstract = {Every year, natural petroleum seepage emits 0.2-2 Tg of oil to the ocean(1). Significant oil seepage can build large underwater mounds, consisting of tar deposits with morphologies similar to volcanic lava flows, known as asphalt volcanoes(2,3). Such events are typically accompanied by large fluxes of the greenhouse gas methane(4,5). Marine sediments from the Santa Barbara basin, California, contain a record of elevated methane concentrations(6), anoxia and tar deposition(7) during the Pleistocene epoch that had been attributed to dissolution of methane hydrates. However, the region is known to have exhibited oil seepage in the past(7). Here, we document the discovery of seven extinct asphalt volcanoes off the coast of southern California. The morphology of the deposits and geochemistry of samples taken from the two largest structures supports their classification as asphalt volcanoes, derived from a common source. We estimate that the two structures resulted from seepage of 0.07-0.4 Tg of oil, accompanied by the emission of 0.35-1.8 Tg of methane. Radiocarbon dating of carbonate deposits entrained with the asphalt indicates formation of the volcanoes between 44 and 31 kyr ago. The timing and volume of erupted hydrocarbons from the asphalt structures can explain some or all of the documented methane release and tar accumulation in the Santa Barbara basin during the Pleistocene.},
	issn = {1752-0894},
	doi = {10.1038/Ngeo848},
	author = {Valentine, D. L. and Reddy, C. M. and Farwell, C. and Hill, T. M. and Pizarro, O. and Yoerger, D. R. and Camilli, R. and Nelson, R. K. and Peacock, E. E. and Bagby, S. C. and Clarke, B. A. and Roman, C. N. and Soloway, M.}
}
@article {459,
	title = {Comparative AMS radiocarbon dating of pretreated versus non-pretreated tropical wood samples},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments \& Methods in Physics Research Section B-Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
	volume = {268},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 2083; PT: J; CT: 11th International Conference on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry; CY: SEP 14-19, 2008; CL: Rome, ITALY; SP: Univ Salento, CEDAD, Second Univ Naples, CIRCE, INNOVA, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, LABEC, Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys; UT: WOS:000277462300058},
	pages = {910-913},
	abstract = {Several wood samples collected from Dorslandboom, a large iconic African baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) from Namibia, were investigated by AMS radiocarbon dating subsequent to pretreatment and, alternatively, without pretreatment. The comparative statistical evaluation of results showed that there were no significant differences between fraction modern values and radiocarbon dates of the samples analyzed after pretreatment and without pretreatment, respectively. The radiocarbon date of the oldest sample was 993 +/- 20 BP. Dating results also revealed that Dorslandboom is a multi-generation tree, with several stems showing different ages. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0168-583X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.nimb.2009.10.062},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and von Reden, Karl F. and Lowy, Daniel A. and Mayne, Diana H. and Elder, Kathryn E. and Roberts, Mark L. and McNichol, Ann P.}
}
@article { ISI:000285474600001,
	title = {Contrasting multiproxy reconstructions of surface ocean hydrography in the Agulhas Corridor and implications for the Agulhas Leakage during the last 345,000 years},
	journal = {PALEOCEANOGRAPHY},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2010},
	month = {DEC 16},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Planktonic delta(18)O and Mg/Ca-derived sea surface temperature (SST) records from the Agulhas Corridor off South Africa display a progressive increase of SST during glacial periods of the last three climatic cycles. The SST increases of up to 4 degrees C coincide with increased abundance of subtropical planktonic foraminiferal marker species which indicates a progressive warming due to an increased influence of subtropical waters at the core sites. Mg/Ca-derived SST maximizes during glacial maxima and glacial Terminations to values about 2.5 degrees C above full-interglacial SST. The paired planktonic delta(18)O and Mg/Ca-derived SST records yield glacial seawater delta(18)O anomalies of up to 0.8\%, indicating measurably higher surface salinities during these periods. The SST pattern along our record is markedly different from a U(37)(K{\textquoteright})-derived SST record at a nearby core location in the Agulhas Corridor that displays SST maxima only during glacial Terminations. Possible explanations are lateral alkenone advection by the vigorous regional ocean currents or the development of SST contrasts during glacials in association with seasonal changes of Agulhas water transports and lateral shifts of the Agulhas retroflection. The different SST reconstructions derived from U(37)(K{\textquoteright}) and Mg/Ca pose a significant challenge to the interpretation of the proxy records and demonstrate that the reconstruction of the Agulhas Current and interocean salt leakage is not as straightforward as previously suggested.},
	issn = {0883-8305},
	doi = {10.1029/2009PA001879},
	author = {Martinez-Mendez, Gema and Zahn, Rainer and Hall, Ian R. and Peeters, Frank J. C. and Pena, Leopoldo D. and Cacho, Isabel and Negre, Cesar}
}
@article {1830,
	title = {Fire History of a Giant African Baobab Evinced by Radiocarbon Dating},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {52},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Sp. Iss. 1696jn
Times Cited:11
Cited References Count:28
},
	month = {2010},
	pages = {717-726},
	abstract = {The article reports the first radiocarbon dating of a live African baobab (Adansonia digitata L.), by investigating wood samples collected from 2 inner cavities of the very large 2-stemmed Platland tree of South Africa. Some 16 segments extracted from determined positions of the samples, which correspond to a depth of up to 15-20 cm in the wood, were processed and analyzed by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Calibrated ages of segments are not correlated with their positions in the stems of the tree. Dating results indicate that the segments originate from new growth layers, with a thickness of several centimeters, which cover the original old wood. Four new growth layers were dated before the reference year AD 1950 and 2 layers were dated post-AD 1950, in the post-bomb period. Formation of these layers was triggered by major damage inside the cavities. Fire episodes are the only possible explanation for such successive major wounds over large areas or over the entire area of the inner cavities of the Platland tree, able to trigger regrowth.},
	keywords = {age calibration, bomb c-14 data, bombacaceae, cal kyr bp, southern-hemisphere, system},
	isbn = {0033-8222},
	author = {Patrut, A. and Mayne, D. H. and von Reden, K. F. and Lowy, D. A. and van Pelt, R. and McNichol, A. P. and Roberts, M. L. and Margineanu, D.}
}
@article {249,
	title = {FORAMINIFERAL RECORD OF CHANGES IN SUMMER MONSOON PRECIPITATION},
	journal = {Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia},
	volume = {13},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 1974},
	pages = {79-88},
	abstract = {Changes in the oxygen isotopic composition of the planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber and in the foraminifera faunal composition in a core retrieved from the southeastern Brazilian continental margin were used to infer past changes in the hydrological balance and monsoon precipitation in the western South Atlantic since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The results suggest a first-order orbital (precessional) control on the South American Monsoon precipitation. This agrees with previous studies based on continental proxies except for LGM estimates provided by pollen records. The causes for this disagreement are discussed.},
	doi = {10.4072/rbp.2010.2.01},
	author = {Pivel, M. A. G. and Toledo, F. A. L. and Costa, K. B.}
}
@article {325,
	title = {Geology of Lonar Crater, India},
	journal = {Geological Society of America Bulletin},
	volume = {122},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 1846; 539YI Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:100Y},
	pages = {109-126},
	abstract = {Lonar Crater, India, is one of the youngest and best preserved impact structures on Earth. The 1.88-km-diameter simple crater formed entirely within the Deccan traps, making it a useful analogue for small craters on the basaltic surfaces of the other terrestrial planets and the Moon. In this study, we present a meter-scale-resolution digital elevation model, geological map of Lonar Crater and the surrounding area, and radiocarbon ages for histosols beneath the distal ejecta. Impact-related deformation of the target rock consists of upturned basalt flows in the upper crater walls and recumbent folding around rim concentric, subhorizontal, non-cylindrical fold axes at the crater rim. The rim-fold hinge is preserved around 10\%-15\% of the crater. Although tearing in the rim-fold is inferred from field and palcomagnetic observations, no tear faults are identified, indicating that large displacements in the crater walls are not characteristic of small craters in basalt. One significant normal fault structure is observed in the crater wall that offsets slightly older layer-parallel slip faults. There is little fluvial erosion of the continuous ejecta blanket. Portions of the ejecta blanket are overlain by aerodynamically and rotationally sculpted glassy impact spherules, in particular in the eastern and western rim, as well as in the depression north of the crater known as Little Lonar. The emplacement of the continuous ejecta blanket can be likened to a radial ground-hugging debris flow, based on the preserved thickness distribution of the ejecta, the efficient exchange of clasts between the ejecta flow and the underlying histosol, and the lack of sorting and stratification in the bulk of the ejecta. The ejecta profile is thickened at the distal edge and similar to fluidized ejecta structures observed on Mars.},
	issn = {0016-7606},
	doi = {10.1130/B26474.1},
	author = {Maloof, A. C. and Stewart, S. T. and Weiss, B. P. and Soule, S. A. and Swanson-Hysell, N. L. and Louzada, K. L. and Garrick-Bethell, I. and Poussart, P. M.}
}
@article {380,
	title = {Growth rates, stable oxygen isotopes (delta(18)O), and strontium (Sr/Ca) composition in two species of Pacific sclerosponges (Acanthocheatetes wellsi and Astrosclera willeyana) with delta(18)O calibration and application to paleoceanography},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans},
	volume = {115},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 1962; PT: J; UT: WOS:000278735700001},
	pages = {C06008-C06008},
	abstract = {The isotopic and elemental composition of sclerosponge skeletons is used to reconstruct paleoceanographic records. Yet few studies have systematically examined the natural variability in sclerosponge skeletal delta(18)O, growth, and Sr/Ca, and how that may influence the interpretation of sclerosponge proxy records. Here, we analyzed short records in seven specimens of Acanthocheatetes wellsi (high-Mg calcite, 21 mol\% Mg) from Palau, four A. wellsi (high-Mg calcite, 21 mol\% Mg) from Saipan, and three Astrosclera willeyana (aragonite) sclerosponges from Saipan, as well as one long record in an A. wellsi specimen from Palau spanning 1945-2001.5. In Saipan, species-specific and mineralogical effects appear to have a negligible effect on sclerosponge delta(18)O, facilitating the direct comparison of delta(18)O records between species at a given location. At both sites, A. wellsi delta(18)O and growth rates were sensitive to environmental conditions, but Sr/Ca was not sensitive to the same conditions. High-resolution delta(18)O analyses confirmed this finding as both A. wellsi and A. willeyana deposited their skeleton in accordance with the trends in isotopic equilibrium with seawater, though with a 0.27\% offset in the case of A. willeyana. In the high-Mg-calcite species A. wellsi, Mg may be interfering with Sr incorporation into the skeleton. On multidecadal timescales, A. wellsi sclerosponge delta(18)O in Palau tracked the Southern Oscillation Index variability post-1977, but not pre-1977, coincident with the switch in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) at similar to 1976. This suggests that water mass circulation in the region is influenced by El Nino-Southern Oscillation variability during positive PDO phases, but not during negative ones.},
	issn = {0148-0227},
	doi = {10.1029/2009JC005586},
	author = {Grottoli, Andrea G. and Adkins, Jess F. and Panero, Wendy R. and Reaman, Daniel M. and Moots, Kate}
}
@article {427,
	title = {Holocene earthquake record offshore Portugal (SW Iberia): testing turbidite paleoseismology in a slow-convergence margin},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 1959; PT: J; UT: WOS:000277813300008},
	pages = {1156-1172},
	abstract = {The SW margin of the Iberian Peninsula hosts the present-day boundary between the Eurasian and African Plates. Convergence (4-5 mm/yr) is accommodated through a wide deformation zone characterized by moderate magnitude seismic activity. This zone has also been the source of the most important seismic events in Western Europe, such as the 1755 Lisbon Earthquake and Tsunami and 1969 Horseshoe Earthquake. Despite efforts to identify active seismogenic structures in the Gulf of Cadiz in the last ten years, little is known about its paleoseismic history. The turbidite paleoseismology approach was applied for the first time in a low-rate convergent margin to determine the recurrence interval of large earthquake events that occurred in SW Iberia during the Holocene. Four sediment cores collected at strategically located sites offshore Portugal (i.e. Tagus Abyssal Plain, Infante Don Henrique Basin and Horseshoe Abyssal Plain) reveal that these deep-sea basins preserve a record of episodic deposition of turbidites. In the SW Iberian Margin excluding special climatic events, earthquakes are the most likely triggering mechanism for synchronous, widely-spaced distributed turbidites during the Holocene, when the sea level was relatively stable. Age correlation together with textural, mineralogical, physical properties and geochemical signatures of the new cores complemented by pre-existing multicores and gravity cores reveals a total of 7 widespread turbidite events for the Holocene. Precise dating of the most recent turbidite event (E1) based on (210)Pb and (137)Cs geochronology provides an age of AD 1971 +/- 3. This age corresponds to a high-magnitude instrumental earthquake in the region: the 1969 Horseshoe Earthquake (Mw 8.0). Calibrated (14)C ages of subsequent widespread turbidite events (E3 and E5) correlate with the dates of important historical earthquakes and paleotsunami deposits in the Gulf of Cadiz area, such as AD 1755 and 218 BC, respectively. If older synchronous events (E6, E8, and E10) with ages ranging from 4960-5510 yr BP to 8715-9015 yr BP are also taken into account, a great earthquake recurrence interval of about 1800 years is obtained for the Holocene. Our correlations suggest that the turbidite record may be considered as a proxy for paleoseismic activity in low-convergence rate margins, and a valuable complementary tool in earthquake and tsunami hazard assessment along the coasts of the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.01.010},
	author = {Gracia, Eulalia and Vizcaino, Alexis and Escutia, Carlota and Asioli, Alessandra and Rodes, Angel and Pallas, Raimon and Garcia-Orellana, Jordi and Lebreiro, Susana and Goldfinger, Chris}
}
@article {248,
	title = {In situ cosmogenic (10)Be production-rate calibration from the Southern Alps, New Zealand RID D-4720-2011},
	journal = {Quaternary Geochronology},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 2031; PT: J; UT: WOS:000280946500002},
	pages = {392-409},
	abstract = {We present a (10)Be production-rate calibration derived from an early Holocene debris-flow deposit at about 1000 m above sea level in the central Southern Alps, New Zealand, in the mid-latitude Southern Hemisphere. Ten radiocarbon ages on macrofossils from a soil horizon buried by the deposit date the deposit to 9690 +/- 50 calendar years before AD2008. Surface (10)Be concentrations of seven large boulders partially embedded in the stable surface of the deposit are tightly distributed, yielding a standard deviation of similar to 2\%. Conversion of the (10)Be measurements to sea level/high-latitude values using each of five standard scaling methods indicates (10)Be production rates of 3.84 +/- 0.08, 3.87 +/- 0.08, 3.83 +/- 0.08, 4.15 +/- 0.09, and 3.74 +/- 0.08 atoms g(-1) a(-1), relative to the {\textquoteright}07KNSTD{\textquoteright} (10)Be AMS standard, and including only the local time-integrated production-rate uncertainties. When including a sea level high-latitude scaling uncertainty the overall error is similar to 2.5\% (1 sigma) for each rate. To test the regional applicability of this production-rate calibration, we measured (10)Be concentrations in a set of nearby moraines deposited before 18060 +/- 200 years before AD2008. The (10)Be ages are only consistent with minimum-limiting (14)C age data when calculated using the new production rates. This also suggests that terrestrial in situ cosmogenic-nuclide production did not change significantly from Last Glacial Maximum to Holocene time in New Zealand. Our production rates agree well with those of a recent calibration study from northeastern North America, but are 12-14\% lower than other commonly adopted values. The production-rate values presented here can be used elsewhere in New Zealand for rock surfaces exposed during or since the last glacial period. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {1871-1014},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quageo.2009.12.001},
	author = {Putnam, A. E. and Schaefer, J. M. and Barrell, D. J. A. and Vandergoes, M. and Denton, G. H. and Kaplan, M. R. and Finkel, R. C. and Schwartz, R. and Goehring, B. M. and Kelley, S. E.}
}
@article { ISI:000280946500002,
	title = {In situ cosmogenic Be-10 production-rate calibration from the Southern Alps, New Zealand},
	journal = {QUATERNARY GEOCHRONOLOGY},
	volume = {5},
	number = {{4}},
	year = {2010},
	month = {AUG},
	pages = {392-409},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {We present a Be-10 production-rate calibration derived from an early Holocene debris-flow deposit at about 1000 m above sea level in the central Southern Alps, New Zealand, in the mid-latitude Southern Hemisphere. Ten radiocarbon ages on macrofossils from a soil horizon buried by the deposit date the deposit to 9690 +/- 50 calendar years before AD2008. Surface Be-10 concentrations of seven large boulders partially embedded in the stable surface of the deposit are tightly distributed, yielding a standard deviation of similar to 2\%. Conversion of the Be-10 measurements to sea level/high-latitude values using each of five standard scaling methods indicates Be-10 production rates of 3.84 +/- 0.08, 3.87 +/- 0.08, 3.83 +/- 0.08, 4.15 +/- 0.09, and 3.74 +/- 0.08 atoms g(-1) a(-1), relative to the {\textquoteleft}07KNSTD{\textquoteright} Be-10 AMS standard, and including only the local time-integrated production-rate uncertainties. When including a sea level high-latitude scaling uncertainty the overall error is similar to 2.5\% (1 sigma) for each rate. To test the regional applicability of this production-rate calibration, we measured Be-10 concentrations in a set of nearby moraines deposited before 18060 +/- 200 years before AD2008. The Be-10 ages are only consistent with minimum-limiting C-14 age data when calculated using the new production rates. This also suggests that terrestrial in situ cosmogenic-nuclide production did not change significantly from Last Glacial Maximum to Holocene time in New Zealand. Our production rates agree well with those of a recent calibration study from northeastern North America, but are 12-14\% lower than other commonly adopted values. The production-rate values presented here can be used elsewhere in New Zealand for rock surfaces exposed during or since the last glacial period. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Be-10, C-14, Cosmogenic nuclide, Debris flow, Holocene, Last glacial maximum, Moraine, Production rate, South Island},
	issn = {1871-1014},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quageo.2009.12.001},
	author = {Putnam, A. E. and Schaefer, J. M. and Barrell, D. J. A. and Vandergoes, M. and Denton, G. H. and Kaplan, M. R. and Finkel, R. C. and Schwartz, R. and Goehring, B. M. and Kelley, S. E.}
}
@article {472,
	title = {The influence of sea level and tectonics on Late Pleistocene through Holocene sediment storage along the high-sediment supply Waipaoa continental shelf},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {270},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 1849; Sp. Iss. SI 576IF Times Cited:7 Cited References Count:49Y},
	pages = {139-159},
	abstract = {We present geophysical and core evidence showing how subsidence caused by forearc shortening has accommodated Late Pleistocene and Holocene sediments supplied to the tectonically active Waipaoa shelf (NZ), limiting off-shelf export during the early sea level highstand. The last glacioeustatic fall and subsequent rise exposed and then flooded a shelf segmented into subbasins separated by zones of uplift, leaving key stratigraphic markers of shoreline regression and transgression that vary strongly in character across the shelf. Highstand sediment isopachs tied to piston cores dated using tephra correlation and a radiocarbon age model provide a sediment budget at similar to 2000yr intervals from the mid-Holocene (similar to 5500 cal.yr BP) to present. Sediment load estimates from our shelf budget are in agreement with published model estimates for suspended sediment discharge from the Waipaoa River for the past 3000yr but, importantly, do not show the 6-fold increase in the Waipaoa{\textquoteright}s sediment output that began with human settlement 700yr ago and accelerated with deforestation over the last century. Bypassing of Waipaoa sediment to the slope may therefore be a recent phenomenon caused by unnaturally high sediment loads, a conclusion supported by data reported elsewhere in this volume. Our study also reveals evidence for (1) a relatively thick mid-shelf transgressive section deposited during the last eustatic rise that may correlate to estuarine sequences reported from numerous sites on the modern coastline of the North Island, (2) a slight decrease in total basin filling rates during the highstand, and (3) variability in the partitioning of highstand sediments between individual subbasins that may reflect differing degrees of tectonic accommodation. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2009.10.002},
	author = {Gerber, T. P. and Pratson, L. F. and Kuehl, S. and Walsh, J. P. and Alexander, C. and Palmer, A.}
}
@article {289,
	title = {Millennial-aged organic carbon subsidies to a modern river food web},
	journal = {Ecology},
	volume = {91},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 2032; PT: J; UT: WOS:000280153500022},
	pages = {2385-2393},
	abstract = {Recent studies indicate that highly aged material is a major component of organic matter transported by most rivers. However, few studies have used natural (14)C to trace the potential entry of this aged material into modern river food webs. Here we use natural abundance (14)C, (13)C, and deuterium ((2)H) to trace the contribution of aged and contemporary organic matter to an important group of consumers, crustacean zooplankton, in a large temperate river (the Hudson River, New York, USA). Zooplankton were highly (14)C depleted (mean Delta(14)C = -240 parts per thousand) compared to modern primary production in the river or its watershed (Delta(14)C = -60 parts per thousand to +50 parts per thousand). In order to account for the observed (14)C depletion, zooplankton must be subsidized by highly aged particulate organic carbon. IsoSource modeling suggests that the range of the aged dietary subsidy is between similar to 57\%, if the aged organic matter source was produced 3400 years ago, and similar to 21\%, if the organic carbon used is >= 50 000 years in age, including fossil material that is millions of years in age. The magnitude of this aged carbon subsidy to river zooplankton suggests that modern river food webs may in some cases be buffered from the limitations set by present-day primary production.},
	issn = {0012-9658},
	doi = {10.1890/09-0330.1},
	author = {Caraco, Nina and Bauer, James E. and Cole, Jonathan J. and Petsch, Steven and Raymond, Peter}
}
@article {250,
	title = {Molecular and Isotopic Analysis of Motor Oil from a Biodiesel-Driven Vehicle},
	journal = {Energy \& Fuels},
	volume = {24},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 816; 555MH Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:63; YY},
	pages = {1037-1042},
	abstract = {Biodiesel, a mixture of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), is increasingly recognized as a renewable fuel. While some environmental impacts of biodiesel usage have been investigated, accumulation of organic compounds in motor oil, which can subsequently leak onto roads, has not been studied. Because studies have shown that toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) accumulate in the motor oil of engines fueled with fossil diesel or gasoline, the objective of this study was to determine if this also occurs for engines fueled with biodiesel. Here, we sampled and analyzed motor oil of a biodiesel-powerd 2005 Volkswagen Passat Wagon over 3240 km for personal-use driving. Using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID), we found a total of 0.5\% FAMEs in the motor oil after 3240 km. We also used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and did not detect PAHs or other organic compounds not present in the initial motor oil. Using natural radiocarbon analysis, a powerful technique capable of detecting biodiesel-derived carbon that would be otherwise undetectable by gas chromatography, we found a total of 0.68\% biodiesel-derived carbon after 3240 km. This is similar to the amount of FAMEs found in these samples with GC-FID, indicating that the primary source of biodiesel-derived carbon in the motor oil is FAMEs (and not PAHs or other carbonaceous species). This result suggests that used motor oil of biodiesel vehicles can be less toxic based on PAH content than vehicles fueled with fossil diesel or gasoline.},
	issn = {0887-0624},
	doi = {10.1021/Ef9011388},
	author = {Peacock, E. E. and Arey, J. S. and DeMello, J. A. and McNichol, A. P. and Nelson, R. K. and Reddy, C. M.}
}
@article {241,
	title = {The potential of New Zealand kauri (Agathis australis) for testing the synchronicity of abrupt climate change during the Last Glacial Interval (60,000-11,700 years ago)},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 1982; PT: J; UT: WOS:000285222000001},
	pages = {3677-3682},
	abstract = {The latter part of the Last Glacial Interval (LGI; 60,000 to 11,700 years ago) experienced a range of climatic and environment extremes. To elucidate the mechanisms of these changes requires records of past variability that are precisely dated and correlated on the same absolute timescale. However, despite decades of research, it is still not possible to align most marine and terrestrial records of past change with ice-core records, largely because of ongoing uncertainties over the conversion of pre-Holocene (14)C ages on to a calendar timescale and uncertainties with in ice-core chronologies. As a result, it is equivocal whether climate changes in both hemispheres during the LGI led, lagged or were synchronous with one another. A decadally-resolved radiocarbon calibration is urgently required to test these models of the Earth system. Here we report radiocarbon measurements obtained from subfossil New Zealand kauri (Agathis australis) spanning a collective 3500 years dated between 25,000 and 45,000 years ago. The results are compared to the recently published international calibration curve IntCal09 and to the marine Cariaco Basin datasets. We show that kauri have considerable potential for development of a Southern Hemisphere component of a unified global calibration curve suite, and that tree-ring sequences can be superposed on other radiocarbon records to constrain atmospheric marine offsets and precisely test the synchronicity of abrupt climate change. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.08.017},
	author = {Turney, Chris S. M. and Fifield, L. Keith and Hogg, Alan G. and Palmer, Jonathan G. and Hughen, Konrad and Baillie, Mike G. L. and Galbraith, Rex and Ogden, John and Lorrey, Andrew and Tims, Stephen G. and Jones, Richard T.}
}
@article {377,
	title = {Reduced North Atlantic Central Water formation in response to early Holocene ice-sheet melting},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {37},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 874; 649FZ Times Cited:3 Cited References Count:32submittedY},
	abstract = {Central waters of the North Atlantic are fundamental for ventilation of the upper ocean and are also linked to the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). Here, we show based on benthic foraminiferal Mg/Ca ratios, that during times of enhanced melting from the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) between 9.0-8.5 thousand years before present (ka) the production of central waters weakened the upper AMOC resulting in a cooling over the Northern Hemisphere. Centered at 8.54 +/- 0.2 ka and 8.24 +/- 0.1 ka our dataset records two similar to 150-year cooling events in response to the drainage of Lake Agassiz/Ojibway, indicating early slow-down of the upper AMOC in response to the initial freshwater flux into the subpolar gyre (SPG) followed by a more severe weakening of both the upper and lower branches of the AMOC at 8.2 ka. These results highlight the sensitivity of regional North Atlantic climate change to the strength of central-water overturning and exemplify the impact of both gradual and abrupt freshwater fluxes on eastern SPG surface water convection. In light of the possible future increase in Greenland Ice Sheet melting due to global warming these findings may help us to better constrain and possibly predict future North Atlantic climate change. Citation: Bamberg, A., Y. Rosenthal, A. Paul, D. Heslop, S. Mulitza, C. Ruhlemann, and M. Schulz (2010), Reduced North Atlantic Central Water formation in response to early Holocene ice-sheet melting, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L17705, doi: 10.1029/2010GL043878.},
	issn = {0094-8276},
	doi = {10.1029/2010gl043878},
	author = {Bamberg, A. and Rosenthal, Y. and Paul, A. and Heslop, D. and Mulitza, S. and Ruhlemann, C. and Schulz, M.}
}
@article {471,
	title = {Regional seismic stratigraphy and controls on the Quaternary evolution of the Cape Hatteras region of the Atlantic passive margin, USA},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {268},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 1862; 556RX Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:71Y},
	pages = {16-33},
	abstract = {Seismic and core data, combined with amino acid racemization and strontium-isotope age data, enable the definition of the Quaternary stratigraphic framework and recognition of geologic controls on the development of the modern coastal system of North Carolina, U.S.A. Seven regionally continuous high amplitude reflections are defined which bound six seismic stratigraphic units consisting of multiple regionally discontinuous depositional sequences and parasequence sets, and enable an understanding of the evolution of this margin. Data reveal the progressive eastward progradation and aggradation of the Quaternary shelf. The early Pleistocene inner shelf occurs at a depth of ca. 20-40 m beneath the western part of the modern estuarine system (Pamlico Sound). A mid- to outer shelf lowstand terrace (also early Pleistocene) with shelf sand ridge deposits comprising parasequence sets within a transgressive systems tract, occurs at a deeper level (ca. 45-70 m) beneath the modern barrier island system (the Outer Banks) and northern Pamlico Sound. Seismic and foraminiferal paleoenvironmental data from cores indicate the occurrence of lowstand strandplain shoreline deposits on the early to middle Pleistocene shelf. Middle to late Pleistocene deposits occur above a prominent unconformity and marine flooding surface that truncates underlying units, and contain numerous filled fluvial valleys that are incised into the early and middle Pleistocene deposits. The stratigraphic framework suggests margin progradation and aggradation modified by an increase in the magnitude of sea-level fluctuations during the middle to late Pleistocene. expressed as falling stage, lowstand, transgressive and highstand systems tracts. Thick stratigraphic sequences occur within the middle Pleistocene section, suggesting the occurrence of high capacity fluvial point sources debouching into the area from the west and north. Furthermore, the antecedent topography plays a significant role in the evolution of the geomorphology and stratigraphy of this marginal system. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2009.10.007},
	author = {Mallinson, D. J. and Culver, S. J. and Riggs, S. R. and Thieler, E. R. and Foster, D. and Wehmiller, J. and Farrell, K. M. and Pierson, J.}
}
@conference {1793,
	title = {The southern Svalbard Margin sedimentary system: preliminary results from EGLACOM cruise 2008},
	booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2010},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 873},
	month = {2010},
	address = {Vienna, Austria},
	author = {Melis, R. and Lucchi, R. G. and Giorgetti, G. and Persico, D. and B{\'A}Rcena, M. A. A. and Caburlotto, A. and Macr{\`I}, P. and Villa, G. and Sagnotti, L. and Rebesco, M.}
}
@article { ISI:000275306200022,
	title = {Sr-Nd-Os evidence for a stable erosion regime in the Himalaya during the past 12 Myr},
	journal = {EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS},
	volume = {290},
	number = {{3-4}},
	year = {2010},
	month = {FEB 20},
	pages = {474-480},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Modern erosion of the Himalaya, the world{\textquoteright}s largest mountain range, transfers huge dissolved and particulate loads to the ocean. It plays an important role in the long-term global carbon cycle, mostly through enhanced organic carbon burial in the Bengal Fan. To understand the role of past Himalayan erosion, the influence of changing climate and tectonic on erosion must be determined. Here we use a 12 Myr sedimentary record from the distal Bengal Fan (Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 218) to reconstruct the Mio-Pliocene history of Himalayan erosion. We use carbon stable isotopes (delta(13)C) of bulk organic matter as paleo-environmental proxy and stratigraphic tool. Multi-isotopic - Sr, Nd and Os - data are used as proxies for the source of the sediments deposited in the Bengal Fan over time. delta(13)C values of bulk organic matter shift dramatically towards less depleted values, revealing the widespread Late Miocene (ca. 7.4 Ma) expansion of C4 plants in the basin. Sr, Nd and Os isotopic compositions indicate a rather stable erosion pattern in the Himalaya range during the past 12 Myr. This supports the existence of a strong connection between the southern Tibetan plateau and the Bengal Fan. The tectonic evolution of the Himalaya range and Southern Tibet seems to have been unable to produce large re-organisation of the drainage system. Moreover, our data do not suggest a rapid change of the altitude of the southern Tibetan plateau during the past 12 Myr. Variations in Sr and Nd isotopic compositions around the late Miocene expansion of C4 plants are suggestive of a relative increase in the erosion of High Himalaya Crystalline rock (i.e. a simultaneous reduction of both Transhimalayan batholiths and Lesser Himalaya relative contributions). This could be related to an increase in aridity as Suggested by the ecological and sedimentological changes at that time. A reversed trend in Sr and Nd isotopic compositions is observed at the Plio-Pleistocene transition that is likely related to higher precipitation and the development of glaciers in the Himalaya. These almost synchronous moderate changes in erosion pattern and climate changes during the late Miocene and at the Plio-Pleistocene transition support the notion of a dominant control of climate on Himalayan erosion during this time period. However, stable erosion regime during the Pleistocene is suggestive of a limited influence of the glacier development on Himalayan erosion. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Bengal Fan, climate, erosion, Himalaya, Miocene, radiogenic isotopes},
	issn = {0012-821X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2010.01.004},
	author = {Galy, Valier and France-Lanord, Christian and Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Bernhard and Huyghe, Pascale}
}
@inbook {1449,
	title = {Submarine Mass Transport Within Monterey Canyon: Benthic Disturbance Controls on the Distribution of Chemosynthetic Biological Communities},
	booktitle = {Submarine mass movements and their consequences, 4th International Symposium:},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 879},
	month = {2010},
	pages = {229-246},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	abstract = {Documenting mass transport within Monterey Canyon and Fan has been a focus of remotely operated vehicle (ROV) observations, sampling, monitoring, and multibeam mapping studies. These efforts indicate that major mass transport events occur within upper Monterey Canyon (2 km water depths) and onto Monterey Fan for ~100 years. Simultaneous efforts to document the distribution of benthic taxa observed in the video records from 668 ROV dives conducted by the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) provide a uniquely detailed record of the occurrence of chemosynthetic biological communities (CBC). The combined results of these studies provide an understanding of the relationship between disturbance caused by episodic mass wasting events and the distribution of CBC. CBC are common within the canyon{\textquoteright}s axis below ~2.5 km water depth, but have not been found within the canyon{\textquoteright}s axis at depths shallower than 2 km. Moreover, CBC occur on the canyon walls at essentially any depth, primarily within young (~hundreds of years old) slump scars. The distribution of CBC provides evidence about the disturbance history of the seafloor. Major mass transport events will destroy communities that lie in their path. Erosion associated with major mass transport events can create environments to support CBC by exposing methane-bearing strata. This can happen as a result of slumping events on the sidewalls of the canyon or where major gravity flow events have excavated the base of canyon walls. Once fresh strata are exposed, geochemical conditions to support CBC will persist for a few centuries. Because CBC are composed of slow-growing and long-lived organisms, it will take decades for these communities to be established. Their existence indicates that environmental stability has occurred over a similar time scale.},
	author = {Paull, C. K. and Schlining, B. and Ussler, W. and Lundste, E. and Barry, J. P. and Caress, D. W. and Johnson, J. E. and McGann, M.},
	editor = {Mosher, D. C.}
}
@article {2550,
	title = {Synchronous Deglacial Overturning and Water Mass Source Changes},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {327},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Jan-01-2010},
	pages = {75 - 78},
	abstract = {Understanding changes in ocean circulation during the last deglaciation is crucial to unraveling the dynamics of glacial-interglacial and millennial climate shifts. We used neodymium isotope measurements on postdepositional iron-manganese oxide coatings precipitated on planktonic foraminifera to reconstruct changes in the bottom water source of the deep western North Atlantic at the Bermuda Rise. Comparison of our deep water source record with overturning strength proxies shows that both the deep water mass source and the overturning rate shifted rapidly and synchronously during the last deglacial transition. In contrast, any freshwater perturbation caused by Heinrich event 1 could have only affected shallow overturning. These findings show how changes in upper-ocean overturning associated with millennial-scale events differ from those associated with whole-ocean deglacial climate events.},
	issn = {0036-8075},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1178068},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.1178068},
	author = {Roberts, N. L. and Piotrowski, A. M. and McManus, J. F. and Keigwin, L. D.}
}
@article {378,
	title = {Unique Baltic Outcrops Reveal Millennia of Ecological Changes},
	journal = {EOS, TRANSACTIONS AMERICAN GEOPHYSICAL UNION},
	volume = {91},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 1978},
	pages = {101},
	abstract = {Throughout Earth{\textquoteright}s history, tectonic forces, often violent and unpredictable, have been responsible for exposing geological formations to scientific scrutiny. But forces of uplift are not restricted to plate boundaries. For example, when looking at forested coastal dunes bordering placid Curonian Lagoon along the Lithuanian coast of the Baltic Sea, one hardly suspects that any powerful forces are at work. Yet this is a site where massive migrating hills of sand have put pressure on the deep strata of the ancient lagoon, forcing its sediments to the surface and offering rare access to fossils of the Holocene, which spans the past 10,000 years.},
	doi = {10.1029/2010EO110001},
	author = {Buynevich, I. V. and Bitinas, A. and Damu{\v s}yte, A. and Pupienis, D.}
}
@article {2526,
	title = {Using proglacial-threshold lakes to constrain fluctuations of the Jakobshavn Isbr{\ae} ice margin, western Greenland, during the Holocene},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Jan-12-2010},
	pages = {3861 - 3874},
	abstract = {The future response of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS) and its potential contribution to sea level rise are uncertain. Rapid changes of Greenland{\textquoteright}s outlet glaciers over the past decade have made it difficult to extrapolate ice sheet change into the future. This significant short-term variability highlights the need for longer-term, geologic (e.g., Holocene) records of ice margin fluctuations. However, a major challenge with reconstructing the GIS during the Holocene stems from it having been smaller than it is at present, thus traditional glacial geologic approaches are not suitable. We use radiocarbon-dated sediment sequences from seven proglacial-threshold lakes spanning \~{}50 km of the western GIS margin near Jakobshavn Isbr{\ae} to constrain the timing of early Holocene deglaciation, the duration that this sector of the western GIS was smaller than its present configuration, and the timing of its advance during Neoglaciation. Our reconstructions suggest deglaciation \~{}7300 cal yr BP, minimum ice extent \~{}6000{\textendash}5000 cal yr BP and smaller-than-present ice configuration until at least \~{}2300 cal yr BP for the ice margin south of Jakobshavn Isbr{\ae}, and until \~{}400 cal yr BP for the ice margin north of Jakobshavn Isbr{\ae}. One relatively large proglacial lake that became briefly ice-free during the middle Holocene lies in a catchment that likely extends 10s of km inland beneath the GIS, suggesting significant middle Holocene retreat of this portion of the GIS. The overall pattern of ice sheet change is inconsistent with existing ice sheet model reconstructions for this region, but is consistent with numerous paleoclimate proxy and relative sea level data. These continuous lacustrine records corroborate, but provide closer age control than, existing non-continuous records of radiocarbon-dated reworked bivalves from historical moraines in the region. Reconstructing ice margin change from proglacial-threshold lakes is one of few approaches with the potential to constrain smaller-than-present ice sheet extent.},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.09.005},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.09.005},
	author = {Briner, J.P. and Stewart, H.A.M. and Young, N.E. and Philipps, W. and Losee, S.}
}
@article {538,
	title = {Were last glacial climate events simultaneous between Greenland and France? A quantitative comparison using non-tuned chronologies RID E-4539-2011 RID A-2643-2010},
	journal = {Journal of Quaternary Science},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 1986; PT: J; UT: WOS:000276090800014},
	pages = {387-394},
	abstract = {Several large abrupt climate fluctuations during the last glacial have been recorded in Greenland ice cores and archives from other regions. Often these Dansgaard-Oeschger events are assumed to have been synchronous over wide areas, and then used as tie-points to link chronologies between the proxy archives. However, it has not yet been tested independently whether or not these events were indeed synchronous over large areas. Here, we compare Dansgaard-Oeschger-type events in a well-dated record from southeastern France with those in Greenland ice cores. Instead of assuming simultaneous climate events between both archives, we keep their age models independent. Even these well-dated archives possess large chronological uncertainties that prevent us from inferring synchronous climate events at decadal to multi-centennial time scales. If possible, comparisons between proxy archives should be based on independent, non-tuned time-scales. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	issn = {0267-8179},
	doi = {10.1002/jqs.1330},
	author = {Blaauw, Maarten and Wohlfarth, Barbara and Christen, J. Andres and Ampel, Linda and Veres, Daniel and Hughen, Konrad A. and Preusser, Frank and Svensson, Anders}
}
@conference {958,
	title = {Year-round probing of soot carbon and secondary organic carbon contributions and sources to the South Asian Atmospheric Brown Cloud using radiocarbon (14C) measurements},
	booktitle = {EGU General Assembly 2010, held 2-7 May, 2010 in Vienna, Austria},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2010},
	note = {id: 870Y},
	month = {05/2010},
	abstract = {South Asia is one region of vital importance for assessing human impact on radiative forcing by atmospheric aerosols. Previous research in the region has indicated that black carbon is a significant component of the regional aerosol load. In contrast, there is more ambiguous information regarding the contribution of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) to the total carbonaceous (TC) aerosol composition. Here we primarily address the SOA component of the South Asian Atmospheric Brown Cloud (ABC) by a combination of measurements of SOA concentrations and the 14C signature of TC. Atmospheric particulate matter was collected during fourteen-month continuous sampling campaigns Jan 2008 - March 2009 at both the Maldives Climate Observatory at Hannimaadho (MCO-H) and at the Sinhagad hilltop sampling site of the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (SIN) in central-western India. The radiocarbon method is an ideal approach to identify fossil sources (14C "dead") compared to biogenic and biomass combustion products (with a contemporary 14C signal). The radiocarbon source apportionment of TC revealed very similar contribution from biogenic/biomass combustion (60-70\%) for Indian SIN site and the MCOH receptor regions for much of the year. However, during the summer monsoon season biomass contribution to TC at the Indian Ocean site increases to 70-80\%, while it decreases to 40-50\% at the Indian site. Source apportionment of a soot carbon (SC) isolate (CTO-375 method; a tracer of black carbon) shows a similar trend. According to preliminary data in summer biomass contribution is higher at the MCOH receptor site (70\%) compared to the SIN background site (45\%). These unique year-round 14C data will be interpreted in view of the SOA concentration and the varying origin of the air masses.},
	author = {Kirillova, Elena and Sheesley, Rebecca J. and Andersson, August and Krus{\r a}, Martin and Safai, P. D. and Budhavant, Krishnakant and Rao, P. S. P. and Praveen, P. S. and Gustafsson, {\"O}rjan}
}
@article {523,
	title = {A 2000 year midge-based paleotemperature reconstruction from the Canadian Arctic archipelago},
	journal = {Journal of Paleolimnology},
	volume = {41},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1863; 395EF Times Cited:3 Cited References Count:57Y},
	pages = {177-188},
	abstract = {A lake sediment core recovered from Lake V57 on Victoria Island, Nunavut, Canada, spanning the last 2000 years, was analyzed for sub-fossil midge remains and organic-matter content (estimated by loss-on-ignition (LOI)). Significant changes in midge community composition occurred during the last 2000 years, with a distinct midge community appearing after 1600 AD. The chironomid community between 0 and 1600 AD was dominated by Heterotrissocladius, Tanytarsus, Abiskomyia, and Paracladius. At approximately 1600 AD, Heterotrissocladius decreased in relative abundance and taxa such as Corynocera ambigua, C. oliveri, Psectrocladius sordidellus type, and Pentanneurini increased in relative abundance. Previously published midge-based inference models for average July air temperature (AJAT) and summer surface-water temperature (SSWT) were applied to the subfossil midge stratigraphy. The AJAT reconstruction indicates relatively cool conditions existed between 1100 and 1600 AD, with exceptional warming occuring after 1600 AD, as lake productivity inferred from organic-matter content increased concomitantly with midge-inferred AJAT and SSWT. The cooler conditions between 1200 and 1600 AD, and the pattern of warming over recent centuries inferred from Lake V57 is broadly consistent with temperature-sensitive biogenic silica records from other sites in the central Canadian Arctic and the treeline zone to the south suggesting a regionally synchronous response to climate forcing.},
	issn = {0921-2728},
	doi = {10.1007/s10933-008-9263-x},
	author = {Porinchu, D. and MacDonald, G. and Rolland, N.}
}
@article {480,
	title = {Black carbon in marine particulate organic carbon: Inputs and cycling of highly recalcitrant organic carbon in the Gulf of Maine},
	journal = {Marine Chemistry},
	volume = {113},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1865; 440SC Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:85; YY},
	pages = {172-181},
	abstract = {To increase our understanding of the roles of black carbon (BC), a highly sorptive and recalcitrant material, we measured BC concentrations and fluxes in marine particulate organic carbon (POC) out of the water column in the Gulf of Maine (GoM), a representative coastal area downwind of important BC sources of the Northeastern United States. Concentrations ranged from},
	issn = {0304-4203},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marchem.2009.01.012},
	author = {Flores-Cervantes, D. X. and Plata, D. L. and MacFarlane, J. K. and Reddy, C. M. and Gschwend, P. M.}
}
@article {332,
	title = {Brown Clouds over South Asia: Biomass or Fossil Fuel Combustion?},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {323},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1867; 396JL Times Cited:8 Cited References Count:33Y},
	pages = {495-498},
	abstract = {Carbonaceous aerosols cause strong atmospheric heating and large surface cooling that is as important to South Asian climate forcing as greenhouse gases, yet the aerosol sources are poorly understood. Emission inventory models suggest that biofuel burning accounts for 50 to 90\% of emissions, whereas the elemental composition of ambient aerosols points to fossil fuel combustion. We used radiocarbon measurements of winter monsoon aerosols from western India and the Indian Ocean to determine that biomass combustion produced two- thirds of the bulk carbonaceous aerosols, as well as one- half and two- thirds of two black carbon subfractions, respectively. These constraints show that both biomass combustion ( such as residential cooking and agricultural burning) and fossil fuel combustion should be targeted to mitigate climate effects and improve air quality.},
	issn = {0036-8075},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1164857},
	author = {Gustafsson, O. and Krusa, M. and Zencak, Z. and Sheesley, R. J. and Granat, L. and Engstrom, E. and Praveen, P. S. and Rao, P. S. P. and Leck, C. and Rodhe, H.}
}
@article {272,
	title = {Chemical and isotopic characterization of size-fractionated organic matter from cryoturbated tundra soils, northern Alaska},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research-Biogeosciences},
	volume = {114},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1828; 475IS Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:61Y},
	abstract = {Recent studies indicate a second layer of organic matter often accumulates in the lower active layer and upper permafrost in arctic tundra soils as a result of cryoturbation. In this study, cryoturbated organic matter was characterized using a combination of physical size fractionation and modern analytical techniques for elemental composition (C and N), stable isotopes (delta(13) C and delta N-15), radiocarbon content (Delta C-14), and molecular fingerprinting (pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, Py-GC/MS). The results indicated that cryoturbated organic matter could be highly bioavailable. Soil organic matter (SOM) associated with fine sand particles was considered to be the organic carbon pool most sensitive to the changing climate. More organic matter is stabilized on clay minerals in arctic tundra soils compared to those in temperate and tropical soils. The bioavailable soluble organic matter extracted from cryoturbated soil was found to have significant long-term effects on carbon cycling. The similar molecular composition between cryoturbated and surface soil organic matter suggests that the vegetation cover has not significantly changed since the early Holocene. Furthermore, the SOM quality in moist acidic tundra was found to be higher than that of wet nonacidic tundra. With thawing permafrost and a deepening of the active layer, cryotrubated organic matter could reenter the biogeochemical cycles in the Arctic, resulting in a positive feedback to climate change.},
	issn = {0148-0227},
	doi = {10.1029/2008jg000846},
	author = {Xu, C. H. and Guo, L. D. and Ping, C. L. and White, D. M.}
}
@article {1847,
	title = {Developments in Radiocarbon Technologies: From the Libby Counter to Compound-Specific Ams Analyses},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {51},
	year = {2009},
	note = {453wfTimes Cited:15
Cited References Count:273
},
	month = {2009},
	pages = {45-78},
	abstract = {We review developments in radiocarbon measuring techniques from the Libby counter through proportional gas counters and liquid scintillation spectrometers to the more recent developments of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), followed by a coupling of gas chromatography with AMS for compound-specific (14)C analyses. While during the first 60 yr of (14)C measurements beta counting, specifically gas counting, was the dominant technique, in the future of (14)C science AMS will be the dominant technology.},
	keywords = {accelerator mass-spectrometry, black-sea shelf, liquid scintillation techniques, low-level c-14, natural-abundance radiocarbon, negative-ion source, polycyclic aromatic-hydrocarbons, proportional counter, salt-marsh sediments, sedimentary organic-carbon},
	isbn = {0033-8222},
	author = {Povinec, P. P. and Litherland, A. E. and von Reden, K. F.}
}
@article {424,
	title = {Distribution of artificial radionuclides in deep sediments of the Mediterranean Sea},
	journal = {Science of the Total Environment},
	volume = {407},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 871; 389FH Times Cited:2 Cited References Count:63Y},
	pages = {887-898},
	abstract = {Artificial radionuclides enter the Mediterranean Sea mainly through atmospheric deposition following nuclear weapons tests and the Chernobyl accident, but also through the river discharge of nuclear facility effluents. Previous studies of artificial radionuclides impact of the Mediterranean Sea have focussed on shallow, coastal sediments. However, deep sea sediments have the potential to store and accumulate pollutants, including artificial radionuclides. Deep sea marine sediment cores were collected from Mediterranean Sea abyssal plains (depth >2000 m) and analysed for Pu-239,Pu-240 and Cs-137 to elucidate the concentrations, inventories and sources of these radionuclides in the deepest areas of the Mediterranean. The activity - depth profiles of Pb-210, together with 14 C dating, indicate that sediment mixing redistributes the artificial radionuclides within the first 2.5 cm of the sedimentary column. The excess Pb-210 inventory was used to normalize Pu-239,Pu-240 and Cs-137 inventories for variable sediment fluxes. The Pu-239,Pu-240/Pb-210(xs) ratio was uniform across the entire sea, with a mean value of 1.24 x 10(-3), indicating homogeneous fallout of Pu-239,Pu-240. The Cs-137/Pb-210(xs) ratio showed differences between the eastern (0.049) and western basins (0.030), clearly significant impact of deep sea sediments from the Chernobyl accident. The inventory ratios of Pu-239,Pu-240/Cs-137 were 0.041 and 0.025 in the western and eastern basins respectively, greater than the fallout ratio, 0.021, showing more efficient scavenging of Pu-231,Pu-210 in the water column and major sedimentation of Cs-137 in the eastern basin. Although areas with water depths of >2000 m constitute around 40\% of the entire Mediterranean basin, the sediments in these regions only contained 2.7\% of the Pu-239,Pu-240 and 0.95\% of the Cs-137 deposited across the Sea in 2000. These data show that the accumulation of artificial radionuclides in deep Mediterranean environments is much lower than predicted by other studies from the analysis of continental shelf sediments. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V, All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0048-9697},
	doi = {10.1016/J.Scitotenv.2008.09.018},
	author = {Garcia-Orellana, J. and Pates, J. M. and Masque, P. and Bruach, J. M. and Sanchez-Cabeza, J. A.}
}
@article {252,
	title = {Evidence of paleo-cold seep activity from the Bay of Bengal, offshore India},
	journal = {Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 794; 458FC Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:80Y},
	abstract = {We report evidence of paleo-cold seep associated activities, preserved in methane-derived carbonates in association with chemosynthetic clams (Calyptogena sp.) from a sediment core in the Krishna-Godavari basin, Bay of Bengal. Visual observations and calculations based on high-resolution wet bulk density profile of a core collected on board R/V Marion Dufresne (May 2007) show zones of sharp increase in carbonate content (10-55 vol\%) within 16-20 meters below seafloor (mbsf). The presence of Calyptogena clam shells, chimneys, shell breccias with high Mg calcite cement, and pyrite within this zone suggest seepage of methane and sulfide-bearing fluid to the seafloor in the past. Highly depleted carbon isotopic values (delta C-13 ranges from -41 to -52\% VPDB) from these carbonates indicate carbon derived via anaerobic oxidation of methane. Extrapolated mean calendar age (similar to 58.7 ka B. P.) of the clastic sediments at a depth of 16 mbsf is close to the upper limit of the U-Th based depositional age (46.2 +/- 3.7 and 53.0 +/- 1.6 ka) of authigenic carbonates sampled from this level, thereby constraining the younger age limit of the carbonate deposition/methane expulsion events. The observed carbonate deposition might have resulted from the flow of methane-enriched fluids through the fracture network formed because of shale diapirism.},
	issn = {1525-2027},
	doi = {10.1029/2008gc002337},
	author = {Mazumdar, A. and Dewangan, P. and Joao, H. M. and Peketi, A. and Khosla, V. R. and Kocherla, M. and Badesab, F. K. and Joshi, R. K. and Roxanne, P. and Ramamurty, P. B. and Karisiddaiah, S. M. and Patil, D. J. and Dayal, A. M. and Ramprasad, T. and Hawkesworth, C. J. and Avanzinelli, R.}
}
@article {531,
	title = {Field Survey and Geological Effects of the 15 November 2006 Kuril Tsunami in the Middle Kuril Islands},
	journal = {Pure and Applied Geophysics},
	volume = {166},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 831; 418XP Times Cited:2 Cited References Count:46Y},
	pages = {9-36},
	abstract = {The near-field expression of the tsunami produced by the 15 November 2006 Kuril earthquake (M-w 8.1-8.4) in the middle Kuril Islands, Russia, including runup of up to 20 m, remained unknown until we conducted a post-tsunami survey in the summer of 2007. Because the earthquake occurred between summer field expeditions in 2006 and 2007, we have observations, topographic profiles, and photographs from three months before and nine months after the tsunami. We thoroughly surveyed portions of the islands of Simushir and Matua, and also did surveys on parts of Ketoi, Yankicha, Ryponkicha, and Rasshua. Tsunami runup in the near-field of the middle Kuril Islands, over a distance of about 200 km, averaged 10 m over 130 locations surveyed and was typically between 5 and 15 m. Local topography strongly affected inundation and somewhat affected runup. Higher runup generally occurred along steep, protruding headlands, whereas longer inundation distances occurred on lower, flatter coastal plains. Sediment transport was ubiquitous where sediment was available-deposit grain size was typically sand, but ranged from mud to large boulders. Wherever there were sandy beaches, a more or less continuous sand sheet was present on the coastal plain. Erosion was extensive, often more extensive than deposition in both space and volume, especially in areas with runup of more than 10 m. The tsunami eroded the beach landward, stripped vegetation, created scours and trim lines, cut through ridges, and plucked rocks out of the coastal plain.},
	issn = {0033-4553},
	doi = {10.1007/s00024-008-0428-3},
	author = {MacInnes, B. T. and Pinegina, T. K. and Bourgeois, J. and Razhigaeva, N. G. and Kaistrenko, V. M. and Kravchunovskaya, E. A.}
}
@article {347,
	title = {Fine-scale relief related to Late Holocene channel shifting within the floor of the upper Redondo Fan, offshore Southern California},
	journal = {Sedimentology},
	volume = {56},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 2216; Source type: scholarlyjournals; Object type: Article; Object type: Feature; CSAUnique: OB-MD-0010477140; AccNum: 11022775; DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3091.2009.01052.x; ISSN: 0037-0746; Peer Reviewed: true},
	pages = {1690-1704},
	abstract = {AbstractErosional and depositional bedforms have been imaged at outcrop scale in the upper Redondo Fan, in the San Pedro Basin of offshore Southern California in greater than or equal to 600 m water depths, using an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle developed by the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute. The Autonomous Underwater Vehicle is equipped with multibeam and chirp sub-bottom sonars. Sampling and photographic images using the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute Remotely Operated Vehicle Tiburon provide groundtruth for the Autonomous Underwater Vehicle survey. The 0.3 m vertical and 1.5 m lateral bathymetric resolution and 0.1 m sub-bottom profile resolution provide unprecedented detail of bedform morphology and structure. Multiple channels within the Redondo Fan have been active at different times during the Late Holocene (0 to 3000 yr bp). The currently active channel extending from Redondo Canyon makes an abrupt 90 degree turn at the canyon mouth before resuming a south-easterly course along the east side of the Redondo Fan. This channel is floored by sand and characterized by small steps generally},
	issn = {0037-0746},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-3091.2009.01052.x},
	author = {Normark, William R. and Paull, Charles K. and Caress, David W. and Ussler Iii, William and Sliter, Ray}
}
@article { ISI:000268272100013,
	title = {Fish scales in sediments from off Callao, central Peru},
	journal = {DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY},
	volume = {56},
	number = {{16}},
	year = {2009},
	month = {JUL 15},
	pages = {1113-1124},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {We study fish scales as a proxy of fish abundance and preservation biases together with phosphorus from fish remains (P(fish)) in a sediment core retrieved off Callao, Peru (12 degrees 1{\textquoteright}S, 77 degrees 42{\textquoteright}W; water depth = 179 m; core length = 52 cm). We interpret our results as a function of changing redox conditions based on ratios of redox-sensitive trace elements (Cu/Al, Mo/Al, Ni/Al, Zn/Al, V/Al), terrigenous indicators (Fe in clays, Ti, Al), and biogenic proxies (CaCO(3), biogenic opal, total nitrogen, organic carbon, barite Ba). The core covers roughly 700 years of deposition, based on (210)Pb activities extrapolated downcore and (14)C dating at selected intervals. Our fish-scale record is dominated by anchovy (Engraulis ringens) scales followed by hake (Merluccius gayii) scales. The core presented an abrupt lithological change at 17 cm (corresponding to the early 19th century). Above that depth, it was laminated and was more organic-rich (10-15\% organic carbon) than below, where the core was partly laminated and less organic-rich (< 10\%). The lithological shift coincides with abrupt changes in dry bulk density and in the contents of terrigenous and redox-sensitive trace elements, biogenic proxies, and fish scales. The remarkable increase in redox-sensitive trace elements in the upper 17 cm of the core suggests more reducing conditions when compared with deeper and older horizons, and is interpreted as an intensification of the oxygen minimum zone off Peru beginning in the early 19th century. Higher fish-scale contents and higher P(fish)/P(total) ratios were also observed within the upper 17 cm of the core. The behavior of biogenic proxies and redox-sensitive trace elements was similar; more reduced conditions corresponded to higher contents of CaCO(3), C(org), total nitrogen and fish scales, suggesting that these proxies might convey an important preservation signal. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Callao, Clupeoid fish, Molybdenum, Oxygen minimum zone, Peru, Redox-sensitive trace elements},
	issn = {0967-0645},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.09.015},
	author = {Diaz-Ochoa, J. A. and Lange, C. B. and Pantoja, S. and De lange, G. J. and Gutierrez, D. and Munoz, P. and Salamanca, M.}
}
@article {540,
	title = {Formal definition and dating of the GSSP (Global Stratotype Section and Point) for the base of the Holocene using the Greenland NGRIP ice core, and selected auxiliary records RID B-5560-2008 RID F-1111-2011},
	journal = {Journal of Quaternary Science},
	volume = {24},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1989; PT: J; UT: WOS:000262615700002},
	pages = {3-17},
	abstract = {The Greenland ice core from NorthGRIP (NGRIP) contains a proxy climate record across the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary of unprecedented clarity and resolution. Analysis of an array of physical and chemical parameters within the ice enables the base of the Holocene, as reflected in the first signs of climatic warming at the end of the Younger Dryas/Greenland Stadial 1 cold phase, to be located with a high degree of precision. This climatic event is most clearly reflected in an abrupt shift in deuterium excess values, accompanied by more gradual changes in delta(18)O, dust concentration, a range of chemical species, and annual layer thickness. A timescale based on multi-parameter annual layer counting provides an age of 11 700 calendar yr b2k (before AD 2000) for the base of the Holocene, with a maximum counting error of 99 yr. A proposal that an archived core from this unique sequence should constitute the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Holocene Series/Epoch (Quaternary System/Period) has been ratified by the International Union of Geological Sciences. Five auxiliary stratotypes for the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary have also been recognised. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	issn = {0267-8179},
	doi = {10.1002/jqs.1227},
	author = {Walker, Mike and Johnsen, Sigfus and Rasmussen, Sune Olander and Popp, Trevor and Steffensen, Jorgen-Peder and Gibbard, Phil and Hoek, Wim and Lowe, John and Andrews, John and Bjorck, Svante and Cwynar, Les C. and Hughen, Konrad and Kershaw, Peter and Kromer, Bernd and Litt, Thomas and Lowe, David J. and Nakagawa, Takeshi and Newnham, Rewi and Schwander, Jakob}
}
@article {529,
	title = {Holocene Adelie penguin diet in Victoria Land, Antarctica},
	journal = {Polar Biology},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1916; PT: J; NR: 60; TC: 2; J9: POLAR BIOL; PG: 10; GA: 457FQ; UT: WOS:000266914300013},
	pages = {1077-1086},
	abstract = {Ornithogenic soils (N = 97) dated up to 7000 Before Present (Ebp) were sampled in 16 relict and modern breeding colonies of Ad,lie penguin along the Victoria Land coast (Ross Sea, Antarctica). Taxonomic identification of fish otoliths (N = 677) recovered in these soils allowed to identify the Antarctic silverfish as the most eaten prey (90.1\%) throughout the investigated period. A morphometric analysis of the otoliths revealed that the Ad,lie penguin primarily selected prey averaging 67.23 +/- A 23 mm of standard length. Temporal distribution of Pleuragramma antarcticum showed a peak between 2,000 and 4,000 years bp, a period corresponding to the maximum spread of Ad,lie penguin in the Victoria Land. Possible explanations of the variations of the abundance of the fish prey in the diet are discussed in the context of the paleoclimatic events and as possible consequences of dietary shifts due to the temporal variation of prey availability in the Ross Sea ecosystem.},
	issn = {0722-4060},
	doi = {10.1007/s00300-009-0607-4},
	author = {Lorenzini, Sandra and Olmastroni, Silvia and Pezzo, Francesco and Salvatore, Maria Cristina and Baroni, Carlo}
}
@article {432,
	title = {Holocene sea-level changes along the North Carolina Coastline and their implications for glacial isostatic adjustment models},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {28},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 814; Sp. Iss. SI 484ZD Times Cited:1 Cited References Count:108Y},
	pages = {1725-1736},
	abstract = {We have synthesized new and existing relative sea-level (RSL) data to produce a quality-controlled, spatially comprehensive database from the North Carolina coastline. The RSL database consists of 54 sea-level index points that are quantitatively related to an appropriate tide level and assigned an error estimate, and a further 33 limiting dates that confine the maximum and minimum elevations of RSL The temporal distribution of the index points is very uneven with only five index points older than 4000 cal a BP, but the form of the Holocene sea-level trend is constrained by both terrestrial and marine limiting dates. The data illustrate RSL rapidly rising during the early and mid Holocene from an observed elevation of -35.7 +/- 1.1 m MSL at 11062-10576 cal a BP to -4.2 m +/- 0.4 m MSL at 4240-3592 cal a BP. We restricted comparisons between observations and predictions from the ICE-5G(VM2) with rotational feedback Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) model to the Late Holocene RSL (last 4000 cal a BP) because of the wealth of sea-level data during this time interval. The ICE-5G(VM2) model predicts significant spatial variations in RSL across North Carolina, thus we subdivided the observations into two regions. The model forecasts an increase in the rate of sea-level rise in Region 1 (Albemarle, Currituck, Roanoke, Croatan, and northern Pamlico sounds) compared to Region 2 (southern Pamlico, Core and Bogue sounds, and farther south to Wilmington). The observations show Late Holocene sea-level rising at 1.14 +/- 0.03 mm year(-1) and 0.82 +/- 0.02 mm year(-1) in Regions 1 and 2, respectively. The ICE-5G(VM2) predictions capture the general temporal trend of the observations, although there is an apparent misfit for index points older than 2000 cal a BR It is presently unknown whether these misfits are caused by possible tectonic uplift associated with the mid-Carolina Platform High or a flaw in the CIA model. A comparison of local tide gauge data with the Late Holocene RSL trends from Regions 1 and 2 support the spatial variation in RSL across North Carolina, and imply an additional increase of mean sea level of greater than 2 mm year(-1) during the latter half of the 20th century; this is in general agreement with historical tide gauge and satellite altimetry data. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.02.002},
	author = {Horton, B. P. and Peltier, W. R. and Culver, S. J. and Drummond, R. and Engelhart, S. E. and Kemp, A. C. and Mallinson, D. and Thieler, E. R. and Riggs, S. R. and Ames, D. V. and Thomson, K. H.}
}
@article {442,
	title = {In situ cosmogenic 10Be production-rate calibration from the Southern Alps, New Zealand},
	journal = {Quaternary Geochronology},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 840In pressY},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quageo.2009.12.001},
	author = {Putnam, A. E. and Schaefer, J. M. and Barrell, D. J. A. and Vandergoes, M. and Denton, G. H. and Kaplan, M. R. and Finkel, R. C. and Schwartz, R. and Goehring, B. M. and Kelley, S. E.}
}
@article {485,
	title = {Initial source evaluation of archaeological obsidian from the Kuril Islands of the Russian Far East using portable XRF},
	journal = {Journal of Archaeological Science},
	volume = {36},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 832; 433GY Times Cited:2 Cited References Count:66Y},
	pages = {1256-1263},
	abstract = {Obsidian artifacts recently have been recovered from 18 archaeological sites on eight islands across the Kuril Island archipelago in the North Pacific Ocean, suggesting a wide-ranging distribution of obsidian throughout the island chain over the last 2,500 years. Although there are no geologic sources of obsidian in the Kurils that are known to have been used prehistorically, sources exist in Hokkaido, Japan, and Kamchatka, Russia, the southern and northern geographic regions respectively from which obsidian may have entered the Kuril Islands. This paper reports on the initial sourcing attempt of Kuril Islands obsidian through the analysis of 131 obsidian artifacts. Data from this research were generated through the application of portable XRF technology, and are used to address research questions concerning prehistoric mobility, exchange, and social networking in the Kuril Islands. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0305-4403},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jas.2009.01.014},
	author = {Phillips, S. C. and Speakman, R. J.}
}
@article {371,
	title = {Interhemispheric Atlantic seesaw response during the last deglaciation},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {457},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 856; Barker, Stephen Diz, Paula Vautravers, Maryline J Pike, Jennifer Knorr, Gregor Hall, Ian R Broecker, Wallace S England Nature. 2009 Feb 26;457(7233):1097-102.Y},
	pages = {1097-102},
	abstract = {The asynchronous relationship between millennial-scale temperature changes over Greenland and Antarctica during the last glacial period has led to the notion of a bipolar seesaw which acts to redistribute heat depending on the state of meridional overturning circulation within the Atlantic Ocean. Here we present new records from the South Atlantic that show rapid changes during the last deglaciation that were instantaneous (within dating uncertainty) and of opposite sign to those observed in the North Atlantic. Our results demonstrate a direct link between the abrupt changes associated with variations in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and the more gradual adjustments characteristic of the Southern Ocean. These results emphasize the importance of the Southern Ocean for the development and transmission of millennial-scale climate variability and highlight its role in deglacial climate change and the associated rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide.},
	issn = {1476-4687 (Electronic) 0028-0836 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1038/nature07770},
	author = {Barker, S. and Diz, P. and Vautravers, M. J. and Pike, J. and Knorr, G. and Hall, I. R. and Broecker, W. S.}
}
@article {1843,
	title = {Interpreting Nd isotope and Pa-231/Th-230 records in the deep Western North Atlantic},
	journal = {Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {73},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Suppl. S460ys
Times Cited:0
Cited References Count:3
},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {A1107-A1107},
	keywords = {circulation},
	isbn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2009.05.014},
	author = {Roberts, N. L. and Piotrowski, A. M. and McManus, J. F. and Keigwin, L. D.}
}
@article { ISI:000262579500003,
	title = {A late Holocene paleo-productivity record in the western Gulf of Maine, USA, inferred from growth histories of the long-lived ocean quahog (Arctica islandica)},
	journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES},
	volume = {98},
	number = {{1}},
	year = {2009},
	month = {FEB},
	pages = {19-29},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {To investigate environmental variability during the late Holocene in the western Gulf of Maine, USA, we collected a 142-year-old living bivalve (Arctica islandica) in 2004, and three fossil A. islandica shells of the Medieval Warm Period (MWP) and late MWP / Little Ice Age (LIA) period (corrected C-14(AMS) = 1030 +/- A 78 ad; 1320 +/- A 45 ad; 1357 +/- A 40 ad) in 1996. We compared the growth record of the modern shell with continuous plankton recorder (CPR) time-series (1961-2003) from the Gulf of Maine. A significant correlation (r (2) = 0.55; p < 0.0001) exists between the standardized annual growth index (SGI) of the modern shell and the relative abundance of zooplankton species Calanus finmarchicus. We therefore propose that SGI data from A. islandica is a valid proxy for paleo-productivity of at least one major zooplankton taxa. SGIs from these shells reveal significant periods of 2-6 years (NAO-like) based on wavelet analysis, multitaper method (MTM) analysis and singular spectrum analysis (SSA) during the late Holocene. Based on established physical oceanographic observation in the Gulf of Maine, we suggest that slope water variability coupled with North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) dynamics is primarily responsible for the observed SGI variability.},
	keywords = {Arctica islandica, Climate variability, Gulf of Maine, North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Paleo-productivity, Shell growth},
	issn = {1437-3254},
	doi = {10.1007/s00531-008-0318-z},
	author = {Wanamaker, Alan D. Jr. and Kreutz, Karl J. and Schoene, Bernd R. and Maasch, Kirk A. and Pershing, Andrew J. and Borns, Harold W. and Introne, Douglas S. and Feindel, Scott}
}
@article {417,
	title = {Late Holocene sea-surface temperature and precipitation variability in northern Patagonia, Chile (Jacaf Fjord, 44 degrees S)},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {72},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1858; 512MQ Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:53Y},
	pages = {400-409},
	abstract = {A high-resolution multi-proxy study including the elemental and isotopic composition of bulk organic matter, land plant-derived biomarkers, and alkenone-based sea-surface temperature (SST) from a marine sedimentary record obtained from the Jacaf Fjord in northern Chilean Patagonia (similar to 44 degrees 20{\textquoteright}S) provided a detailed reconstruction of continental runoff, precipitation, and summer SST spanning the last 1750 yr We observed two different regimes of climate variability in our record a relatively dry/warm period before 900 cal yr BP (lower runoff and average SST 1 degrees C warmer than present day) and a wet/cold period after 750 cal yr BP (higher runoff and average SST 1 degrees C colder than present clay). Relatively colder SSTs were found during 750-600 and 450-250 cal yr BP, where the latter period roughly corresponds to the interval defined for the Little Ice Age (LIA) Similar climatic swings have been observed previously in continental and marine archives of the last two millennia from central and southern Chile, suggesting a strong latitudinal sensitivity to changes in the Southern Westerly Winds, the main Source Of precipitation in southern Chile, and validating the regional nature of the LIA Our results reveal the importance of the Chilean fjord system for recording climate changes of regional and global significance (C) 2009 University of Washington Published by Elsevier Inc All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2009.06.010},
	author = {Sepulveda, J. and Pantoja, S. and Hughen, K. A. and Bertrand, S. and Figueroa, D. and Leon, T. and Drenzek, N. J. and Lange, C.}
}
@article {473,
	title = {Late Pleistocene-Holocene evolution of the northern shelf of the Sea of Marmara},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {265},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1843; 500UN Times Cited:1 Cited References Count:80Y},
	pages = {87-100},
	abstract = {Chirp sub-bottom profiling, multibeam bathymetric mapping and a combination of faunal and isotopic analysis of molluscs and foraminifera in sediment cores on the northern shelf of the Sea of Marmara (SoM) provide evidence of sea-level excursions, water exchanges between the adjacent Mediterranean and Black Seas, and oscillating salinity over the last 160 ka bp. During the marine isotope stages MIS-2, MIS-3, MIS-4 and MIS-6 the SoM disconnected from the Mediterranean Sea and evolved into a lake. During MIS-1, MIS-5 and MIS-7, the SoM reconnected and became salty once again. Sapropels formed shortly after each invasion of Mediterranean saltwater observed in our cores. Concurrent suboxic-dysoxic conditions prevailed over quite shallow substrates on the shelf. Ancient shorelines are pervasive at -85 m on the northern shelf and in the region of Prince Islands coincident with the elevation of the modern bedrock sill in the Canakkale (Dardanelles) Strait. At times when global (eustatic) sea level dropped below this sill, the surface of the SoM stabilized at its outlet and freshened. Thus this particular shoreline is interpreted as the edge of the most recent SoM lake that existed from about 75 ka bp to 12 ka bp. The freshening is observed in very light (-6 parts per thousand) values of delta O-18 measured on freshwater molluscs and the complete absence of foraminifera. Two brief lacustrine episodes during MIS-5 suggest that the level of the Canakkale outlet might have been as shallow as -50 m in the past, a likelihood supported by submerged terraces along its margins bounding the modern central channel and the presence of an euryhaline biofacies in Unit L4.1 corresponding to MIS-5b. delta O-18 profiles and carbon-14 dating show that salinification of the SoM and the blossoming of bioherms evolved rapidly after the latest connection with the Mediterranean at 12 ka bp. However, freshening proceeded more slowly once the connection was severed. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2009.06.011},
	author = {Cagatay, M. N. and Eris, K. and Ryan, W. B. F. and Sancar, U. and Polonia, A. and Akcer, S. and Biltekin, D. and Gasperini, L. and Gorur, N. and Lericolais, G. and Bard, E.}
}
@article {383,
	title = {Moderate rates of late Quaternary slip along the northwestern margin of the Basin and Range Province, Surprise Valley fault, northeastern California},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth},
	volume = {114},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 2021; PT: J; UT: WOS:000270058200001},
	pages = {B09405-B09405},
	abstract = {The 86-km-long Surprise Valley normal fault forms part of the active northwestern margin of the Basin and Range province in northeastern California. We use trench mapping and radiocarbon, luminescence, and tephra dating to estimate displacements and timing of the past five surface-rupturing earthquakes on the central part of the fault near Cedarville. A Bayesian OxCal analysis of timing constraints indicates earthquake times of 18.2 +/- 2.6, 10.9 +/- 3.2, 8.5 +/- 0.5, 5.8 +/- 1.5, and 1.2 +/- 0.1 ka. These data yield recurrence intervals of 7.3 +/- 4.1, 2.5 +/- 3.2, 2.7 +/- 1.6, and 4.5 +/- 1.5 ka and an elapsed time of 1.2 +/- 0.1 ka since the latest surface-rupturing earthquake. Our best estimate of latest Quaternary vertical slip rate is 0.6 +/- 0.1 mm/a. This late Quaternary rate is remarkably similar to long-term (8-14 Ma) minimum vertical slip rates (>0.4-0.5 +/- 0.3 mm/a) calculated from recently acquired seismic reflection and chronologic and structural data in Surprise Valley and the adjacent Warner Mountains. However, our slip rate yields estimates of extension that are lower than recent campaign GPS determinations by factors of 1.5-4 unless the fault has an unusually shallow (30 degrees-35 degrees) dip as suggested by recently acquired seismic reflection data. Coseismic displacements of 2-4.5 +/- 1 m documented in the trench and probable rupture lengths of 53-65 km indicate a history of latest Quaternary earthquakes of M 6.8-7.3 on the central part of the Surprise Valley fault.},
	issn = {0148-0227},
	doi = {10.1029/2008JB006164},
	author = {Personius, Stephen F. and Crone, Anthony J. and Machette, Michael N. and Mahan, Shannon A. and Lidke, David J.}
}
@article {419,
	title = {A multi-proxy paleolimnological reconstruction of Holocene climate conditions in the Great Basin, United States},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {72},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 880Y},
	pages = {347-358},
	abstract = {A sediment core spanning ~{\textdagger}7000{\textdagger}cal yr BP recovered from Stella Lake, a small sub-alpine lake located in Great Basin National Park, Nevada, was analyzed for subfossil chironomids (non-biting midges), diatoms, and organic content (estimated by loss-on-ignition (LOI)). Subfossil chironomid analysis indicates that Stella Lake was characterized by a warm, middle Holocene, followed by a cool "Neoglacial" period, with the last two millennia characterized by a return to warmer conditions. Throughout the majority of the core the Stella Lake diatom-community composition is dominated by small, periphytic taxa which are suggestive of shallow, cool, alkaline, oligotrophic waters with extensive seasonal ice cover. A reconstruction of mean July air temperature (MJAT) was developed by applying a midge-based inference model for MJAT (two-component WA-PLS) consisting of 79 lakes and 54 midge taxa (rjack2{\textdagger}={\textdagger}0.55, RMSEP{\textdagger}={\textdagger}0.9$\infty$C). Comparison of the chironomid-inferred temperature record to existing regional paleoclimate reconstructions suggests that the midge-inferred temperatures correspond well to regional patterns. This multi-proxy record provides valuable insight into regional Holocene climate and environmental conditions by providing a quantitative reconstruction of peak Holocene warmth and aquatic ecosystem response to these changes in the Great Basin, a region projected to experience increased aridity and higher temperatures.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2009.06.003},
	author = {Reinemann, Scott A. and Porinchu, David F. and Bloom, Amy M. and Mark, Bryan G. and Box, Jason E.}
}
@article {661,
	title = {Palaeoecological potential of the marine organic deposits of Posidonia oceanica: A case study in the NE Iberian Peninsula},
	journal = {Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology},
	volume = {271},
	year = {2009},
	note = {402ksTimes Cited:20Cited References Count:55},
	month = {Jan 15},
	pages = {215-224},
	abstract = {A high-resolution sedimentary sequence sampled from the Portlligat Bay (NE Iberian Peninsula) has been studied in order to assess its palaeoecological potential. This sedimentary sequence is considered a very particular one, as it is a peat-like deposit derived from the accumulation of the belowground dead parts of the marine phanerogam Posidonia oceanica through the last 1600 years. This study represents the first attempt to explore the palaeoecological potential of such deposits from a palynological point of view, and has allowed the reconstruction of the vegetation dynamics and changes, human impact and the palaeoclimatic characteristics, demonstrating the value of these sedimentary records in palaeopalynological studies. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.10.020},
	author = {L{\'o}pez-S{\'a}ez, J. A. and Lopez-Merino, L. and Mateo, M. A. and Serrano, O. and Perez-Diaz, S. and Serrano, L.}
}
@article {1854,
	title = {Pre-Columbian settlement of Carriacou, West Indies},
	journal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},
	volume = {34},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 830},
	month = {2009},
	pages = {247-266},
	author = {Fitzpatrick, S. M. and Kappers, M. and Kaye, Q. and Giovas, C. M. and LeFebvre, M. J. and Harris, M. H. and Burnett, S. and Pavia, J. A. and Marsaglia, K. and Feathers, J.}
}
@article {284,
	title = {Processes That Initiate Turbidity Currents and Their Influence on Turbidites: A Marine Geology Perspective},
	journal = {Journal of Sedimentary Research},
	volume = {79},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 877; 451YQ Times Cited:2 Cited References Count:124Y},
	pages = {347-362},
	abstract = {How the processes that initiate turbidity currents influence turbidite deposition is poorly understood, and many discussions in the literature rely on concepts that are overly simplistic. Marine geological studies provide information on the initiation and flow path of turbidity currents, including their response to gradient. In case studies of late Quaternary turbidites on the eastern Canadian and western U.S. margins, initiation processes are inferred either from real-time data for historical flows or indirectly from the age and contemporary paleogeography, erosional features, and depositional record. Three major types of initiation process are recognized: transformation of failed sediment, hyperpycnal flow from rivers or ice margins, and resuspension of sediment near the shelf edge by oceanographic processes. Many high-concentration flows result from hyperpycnal supply of hyperconcentrated bedload, or liquefaction failure of coarse-grained sediment, and most tend to deposit in slope conduits and on gradients},
	issn = {1527-1404},
	doi = {10.2110/Jsr.2009.046},
	author = {Piper, D. J. W. and Normark, W. R.}
}
@article {537,
	title = {Report from the International Permafrost Association: Carbon Pools in Permafrost Regions},
	journal = {Permafrost and Periglacial Processes},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 2027; PT: J; UT: WOS:000267409000012},
	pages = {229-234},
	issn = {1045-6740},
	doi = {10.1002/ppp.648},
	author = {Kuhry, Peter and Ping, Chien-Lu and Schuur, Edward A. G. and Tarnocai, Charles and Zimov, Sergey}
}
@article {277,
	title = {Spatial variability of late Holocene and 20th century sea-level rise along the Atlantic coast of the United States},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {37},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1872Y},
	pages = {1115-1118},
	issn = {0091-7613 1943-2682},
	doi = {10.1130/G30360A.1},
	author = {Engelhart, Simon E. and Horton, Benjamin P. and Douglas, Bruce C. and Peltier, W. Richard and T{\"o}rnqvist, Torbj{\"o}rn E.}
}
@article {1848,
	title = {Submarine canyon and fan systems of the California Continental Borderland},
	journal = {Geological Society of America Special Papers},
	volume = {454},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 878; 10.1130/2009.2454(2.7)},
	month = {2009},
	pages = {141-168},
	abstract = {Late Quaternary turbidite and related gravity-flow deposits have accumulated in basins of the California Borderland under a variety of conditions of sediment supply and sea-level stand. The northern basins (Santa Barbara, Santa Monica, and San Pedro) are closed and thus trap virtually all sediment supplied through submarine canyons and smaller gulley systems along the basin margins. The southern basins (Gulf of Santa Catalina and San Diego Trough) are open, and, under some conditions, turbidity currents flow from one basin to another. Seismic-reflection profiles at a variety of resolutions are used to determine the distribution of late Quaternary turbidites. Patterns of turbidite-dominated deposition during lowstand conditions of oxygen isotope stages 2 and 6 are similar within each of the basins. Chronology is provided by radiocarbon dating of sediment from two Ocean Drilling Program sites, the Mohole test-drill site, and large numbers of piston cores. High-resolution, seismic-stratigraphic frameworks developed for Santa Monica Basin and the open southern basins show rapid lateral shifts in sediment accumulation on scales that range from individual lobe elements to entire fan complexes. More than half of the submarine fans in the Borderland remain active at any given position of relative sea level. Where the continental shelf is narrow, canyons are able to cut headward during sea-level transgression and maintain sediment supply to the basins from rivers and longshore currents during highstands. Rivers with high bedload discharge transfer sediment to submarine fans during both highstand and lowstand conditions.},
	author = {Normark, William R. and Piper, David J. W. and Romans, Brian W. and Covault, Jacob A. and Dartnell, Peter and Sliter, Ray W.}
}
@article {1540,
	title = {Terminal Report: Nutrient and Carbon Biogeochemistry of the Sulu Sea (Project No. 96/01/CW)},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 872},
	month = {2009},
	institution = {Southeast Asia Regional Committee for START (SARCS)},
	author = {Jacinto, G. S. and David, L. T. and Peleo-Alampay, A. M. and San Diego-McGlone, M. L. and Siringan, F. P. and Villanoy, C. L.}
}
@article {315,
	title = {Timing and magnitude of recent accelerated sea-level rise (North Carolina, United States)},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {37},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 829; 512AY Times Cited:15 Cited References Count:30Y},
	pages = {1035-1038},
	abstract = {We provide records of relative sea level since A. D. 1500 from two salt marshes in North Carolina to complement existing tide-gauge records and to determine when recent rates of accelerated sea-level rise commenced. Reconstructions were developed using foraminifera-based transfer functions and composite chronologies, which were validated against regional twentieth century tide-gauge records. The measured rate of relative sea-level rise in North Carolina during the twentieth century was 3.0-3.3 mm/a, consisting of a background rate of similar to 1 mm/a, plus an abrupt increase of 2.2 mm/a, which began between A. D. 1879 and 1915. This acceleration is broadly synchronous with other studies from the Atlantic coast. The magnitude of the acceleration at both sites is larger than at sites farther north along the U. S. and Canadian Atlantic coast and may be indicative of a latitudinal trend.},
	issn = {0091-7613},
	doi = {10.1130/G30352a.1},
	author = {Kemp, A. C. and Horton, B. P. and Culver, S. J. and Corbett, D. R. and van de Plassche, O. and Gehrels, W. R. and Douglas, B. C. and Parnell, A. C.}
}
@article {365,
	title = {Abrupt changes in Antarctic Intermediate Water circulation over the past 25,000 years},
	journal = {Nature Geoscience},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 2026; PT: J; UT: WOS:000261278700021},
	pages = {870-874},
	abstract = {The circulation of Antarctic Intermediate Water is thought to make an important contribution to the global ocean-climate system, but the details of this interaction are not fully understood. Furthermore, the behaviour of Antarctic Intermediate Water under glacial and interglacial conditions is not well constrained. Here we present a 25,000-year-long record of neodymium isotopic variations-a tracer of water-mass mixing-from the middle depths of the tropical Atlantic Ocean. Our data reveal abruptly enhanced northward advection of Antarctic Intermediate Water during periods of reduced North Atlantic overturning circulation during the last deglaciation. These events coincide with an increase in the formation of Antarctic Intermediate Water and warming in the southwest Pacific Ocean, which suggests a tight link with Southern Hemisphere climate. In contrast, the initial incursion of southern source water into the North Atlantic similar to 19,000 years ago coincided with weak Antarctic Intermediate Water formation in the Pacific and reduced overturning in the North Atlantic. We conclude that reduced competition at intermediate water depth at this time allowed expansion of Antarctic Intermediate Water into the North Atlantic. This early incursion of Antarctic Intermediate Water may have contributed to freshening of the North Atlantic, perhaps spurring the subsequent collapse of North Atlantic deep convection.},
	issn = {1752-0894},
	doi = {10.1038/ngeo360},
	author = {Pahnke, Katharina and Goldstein, Steven L. and Hemming, Sidney R.}
}
@mastersthesis {1329,
	title = {Accelerator Mass Spectrometry and Bayesian Data Analysis},
	volume = {Phd},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008},
	pages = {1271},
	school = {University of Helsinki},
	address = {Helsinki, Finland},
	author = {Palonen, Vesa}
}
@article {511,
	title = {C-14 as a tracer of labile organic matter in Antarctic benthic food webs},
	journal = {Deep-Sea Research Part Ii-Topical Studies in Oceanography},
	volume = {55},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 1854; 386VU Times Cited:7 Cited References Count:98Y},
	pages = {2438-2450},
	abstract = {C-14 measurements were made on surface plankton, particle-trap material, surface sediment, benthic invertebrate gut contents, and body tissue samples to assess the effectiveness of this radioisotope as a tracer of labile organic carbon in Antarctic benthic food webs. Samples were collected on five cruises to the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) shelf between November 1999 and March 2001 as part of the Food for Benthos on the ANtarctic Continental-Shelf (FOODBANCS) Project. The 14C contents of the body tissues from a variety of deposit feeders (-126 +/- 13 per mil) were substantially enriched relative to the surface sediment (-234 +/- 13 per mil) and statistically similar to the organic matter collected in plankton tows (-135 +/- 10 per mil), indicating that recently produced marine plankton are the primary source of nutrition for these deposit feeders on the West Antarctic shelf. Selective ingestion was the primary feeding strategy used by echiuran worms and certain holothurians (i.e. Peniagone vignoni) for incorporating labile organic carbon into their tissues as demonstrated by the large differences (105 +/- 13 per mil) between surface sediment and gut content C-14 activities. In contrast, digestive and/or assimilatory, selection was the predominant strategy used by an irregular urchin (Amphipneustes lorioli) and several other holothurians (Protelpidia murrayi, Bathyplotes fuscivinculum and the head-clown conveyor belt feeder, Molpadia musculus), as demonstrated by large differences (42 +/- 7 per mil) between the 14C activities of their foregut or whole-gut organic contents and their body tissues. Despite large fluctuations in carbon export from the euphotic zone, benthic feeding strategies remained essentially constant over the 15-month sampling period. No seasonal variation was evident in either the 14C abundance of the deposit-feeder body tissues, or in the 14C abundance of their gut contents. The mean C-14 abundance in the body tissues of the two sub-surface deposit feeders (A. lorioli and M. musculus; mean = -136.2 +/- 8.5 per mil) was distinct (p = 0.0008) from the mean 14C abundance in the body tissues of the four surface deposit feeders (echiuran worm, P vignoni, P. murrayi, and B. fusciviculum; -122.6 +/- 12.3 per mil). The mean 14 C abundance of the gut contents from the sub-surface deposit feeders (-178.0 +/- 18.6 per mil) also was significantly depleted (p = 0.0009) relative to that of the surface deposit feeders (-149.5 +/- 26.6 per mil). The 14C measurements proved to be a much more sensitive tracer for tracking labile organic carbon during ingestive and assimilatory processes than the stable isotopes of carbon or nitrogen. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0967-0645},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.06.004},
	author = {Purinton, B. L. and DeMaster, D. J. and Thomas, C. J. and Smith, C. R.}
}
@article {261,
	title = {Constraints on the Pleistocene chronology of sediments from the Lomonosov Ridge},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {23},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 868; 281YL Times Cited:22 Cited References Count:55; YY},
	pages = {@Citation PA1S19},
	abstract = {[1] Despite its importance in the global climate system, age-calibrated marine geologic records reflecting the evolution of glacial cycles through the Pleistocene are largely absent from the central Arctic Ocean. This is especially true for sediments older than 200 ka. Three sites cored during the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program{\textquoteright}s Expedition 302, the Arctic Coring Expedition ( ACEX), provide a 27 m continuous sedimentary section from the Lomonosov Ridge in the central Arctic Ocean. Two key biostratigraphic datums and constraints from the magnetic inclination data are used to anchor the chronology of these sediments back to the base of the Cobb Mountain subchron ( 1215 ka). Beyond 1215 ka, two best fitting geomagnetic models are used to investigate the nature of cyclostratigraphic change. Within this chronology we show that bulk and mineral magnetic properties of the sediments vary on predicted Milankovitch frequencies. These cyclic variations record "glacial{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright} and "interglacial{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright} modes of sediment deposition on the Lomonosov Ridge as evident in studies of ice-rafted debris and stable isotopic and faunal assemblages for the last two glacial cycles and were used to tune the age model. Potential errors, which largely arise from uncertainties in the nature of downhole paleomagnetic variability, and the choice of a tuning target are handled by defining an error envelope that is based on the best fitting cyclostratigraphic and geomagnetic solutions.},
	issn = {0883-8305},
	doi = {10.1029/2007pa001551},
	author = {O{\textquoteright}Regan, M. and King, J. and Backman, J. and Jakobsson, M. and Palike, H. and Moran, K. and Heil, C. and Sakamoto, T. and Cronin, T. M. and Jordan, R. W.}
}
@article {2540,
	title = {Coupled North Atlantic slope water forcing on Gulf of Maine temperatures over the past millennium},
	journal = {Climate Dynamics},
	volume = {31},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Jan-08-2008},
	pages = {183 - 194},
	abstract = {To investigate ocean variability during the last millennium in the Western Gulf of Maine (GOM), we collected a 142-year-old living bivalve (Arctica islandica L.) in 2004, and three fossil A. islandica shells (calibrated 14CAMS = 1030 {\textpm} 78 ad; 1320 {\textpm} 45 ad; 1357 {\textpm} 40 ad) for stable isotope and growth increment analysis. A statistically significant relationship exists between modern GOM temperature records [shell isotope-derived (30 m) (r = -0.79; P < 0.007), Prince 5 (50 m) (r = -0.72; P < 0.019), Boothbay Harbor SST (r = -0.76; P < 0.011)], and Labrador Current (LC) transport data from the Eastern Newfoundland Slope during 1993{\textendash}2003. In all cases, as LC transport increased, GOM water temperatures decreased the following year. Decadal trends in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) influence GOM water temperatures in the most recent period, with water temperatures decreasing during NAO and AMO negative modes most likely linked to LC transport and Gulf Stream interaction. Mean shell-derived isotopic changes (δ18Oc) during the last 1,000 years were +0.47{\textperthousand} and likely reflect a 1{\textendash}2{\textdegree}C cooling from 1000 ad to present. Based on these results, we suggest that observed cooling in the GOM during the last millennium was due to increased transport and/or cooling of the LC, and decreased Gulf Stream influence on the GOM.},
	issn = {0930-7575},
	doi = {10.1007/s00382-007-0344-8},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/index/pdf/10.1007/s00382-007-0344-8},
	author = {Wanamaker, Alan D. and Kreutz, Karl J. and {\"o}ne, Bernd R. and Pettigrew, Neal and Borns, Harold W. and Introne, Douglas S. and Belknap, Daniel and Maasch, Kirk A. and Feindel, Scott}
}
@article {400,
	title = {Determination of biodiesel blending percentages using natural abundance radiocarbon analysis: Testing the accuracy of retail biodiesel blends},
	journal = {Environmental Science \& Technology},
	volume = {42},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 1864; 281JN Times Cited:3 Cited References Count:39; YY},
	pages = {2476-2482},
	abstract = {Blends of biodiesel and petrodiesel are being used increasingly worldwide. Due to several factors, inaccurate blending of these two mixtures can occur. To test the accuracy of biodiesel blending, we developed and validated a radiocarbon-based method and then analyzed a variety of retail biodiesel blends. Error propagation analysis demonstrated that this method calculates absolute blend content with +/- 1\% accuracy, even when real-world variability in the component biodiesel and petrodiesel sources is taken into account. We independently confirmed this accuracy using known endmembers and prepared mixtures. This is the only published method that directly quantifies the carbon of recent biological origin in biodiesel blends. Consequently, it robustly handles realistic chemical variability in biological source materials and provides unequivocal apportionment of renewable versus nonrenewable carbon in a sample fuel blend. Analysis of retail biodiesel blends acquired in 2006 in the United States revealed that inaccurate blending happens frequently. Only one out of ten retail samples passed the specifications that the United States Department of Defense requires for blends that are 20\% biodiesel (v/v; referred to as B20).},
	issn = {0013-936X},
	doi = {10.1021/Es071814j},
	author = {Reddy, C. M. and DeMello, J. A. and Carmichael, C. A. and Peacock, E. E. and Xu, L. and Arey, J. S.}
}
@article {366,
	title = {Episodic reductions in bottom-water currents since the last ice age},
	journal = {Nature Geoscience},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 1896; ISI Document Delivery No.: 331AG Times Cited: 9 Cited Reference Count: 34 Cited References: ALLEY RB, 1997, GEOLOGY, V25, P483 BARBER DC, 1999, NATURE, V400, P344 BARD E, 1994, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V126, P275 BIANCHI GG, 1999, NATURE, V397, P515 BIANCHI GG, 1999, SEDIMENTOLOGY, V46, P1001 BOND G, 1992, NATURE, V360, P245 BOYLE EA, 1987, NATURE, V330, P35 BROECKER WS, 1989, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V53, P2465 BROECKER WS, 1989, NATURE, V341, P318 CAME RE, 2007, GEOLOGY, V35, P315, DOI 10.1130/G23455A.1 CURRY WB, 2005, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V20, ARTN PA1017 DUPLESSY JC, 1980, NATURE, V286, P479 DUPLESSY JC, 1988, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V3, P343 ELLISON CRW, 2006, SCIENCE, V312, P1929, DOI 10.1126/science.1127213 FIRESTONE RB, 2007, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V104, P16016, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0706977104 GHERARDI JM, 2005, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V240, P710, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.09.061 GROOTES PM, 1993, NATURE, V366, P552 HALL IR, 2004, QUATERNARY SCI REV, V23, P1529, DOI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.04.004 KENNETT JP, 2007, EOS T AGU JOINT AS S, V88, UNSP PP41A05 KROOPNICK P, 1980, EARTH PLAN, V49, P469 LEGRAND P, 1995, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V10, P1011 MANABE S, 1995, NATURE, V378, P165 MCCARTNEY MS, 1996, OCEANUS, V39, P19 MCCAVE IN, 1995, NATURE, V374, P149 MCCAVE IN, 1995, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V10, P593 MCCAVE IN, 2006, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V7, P37 MCMANUS JF, 2004, NATURE, V428, P824 OPPO DW, 1993, SCIENCE, V259, P1148 ROHLING EJ, 2005, NATURE, V434, P975, DOI 10.1038/nature03421 RUDDIMAN WF, 1981, PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL, V35, P145 SARNTHEIN M, 1994, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V9, P209 TARASOV L, 2005, NATURE, V435, P662, DOI 10.1038/nature03617 WORTHINGTON LV, 1976, N ATLANTIC CIRCULATI YU EF, 1996, NATURE, V379, P689 Praetorius, Summer K. McManus, Jerry F. Oppo, Delia W. Curry, William B. Nature publishing group New york; YY},
	pages = {449-452},
	abstract = {Past changes in the freshwater balance of the surface North Atlantic Ocean are thought to have influenced the rate of deep-water formation, and consequently climate(1,2). Although water-mass proxies are generally consistent with an impact of freshwater input on meridional overturning circulation(3), there has been little dynamic evidence to support this linkage. Here we present a 25,000 year record of variations in sediment grain size from south of Iceland, which indicates vigorous bottom-water currents during both the last glacial maximum and the Holocene period. Together with reconstructions of North Atlantic water-mass distribution, vigorous bottom currents suggest a shorter residence time of northern-source waters during the last glacial maximum, relative to the Holocene period. The most significant reductions in flow strength occur during periods that have been associated with freshening of the surface North Atlantic. The short-term deglacial oscillations in bottom current strength are closely coupled to changes in Greenland air temperature, with a minimum during the Younger Dryas cold reversal and a maximum at the time of rapid warming at the onset of the Holocene. Our results support a strong connection between ocean circulation and rapid climate change.},
	issn = {1752-0894},
	doi = {10.1038/ngeo227},
	author = {Praetorius, S. K. and McManus, J. F. and Oppo, D. W. and Curry, W. B.}
}
@article {1871,
	title = {The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Holocene Series/Epoch (Quaternary System/Period) in the NGRIP ice core RID B-5560-2008 RID F-1111-2011},
	journal = {Episodes},
	volume = {31},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 1988; PT: J; CT: 17th Congress of the International-Union-for-Quaternary-Research; CY: JUL 28-AUG 03, 2007; CL: Cairns, AUSTRALIA; SP: Int Union Quaternary Res; UT: WOS:000258669100017},
	month = {2008},
	pages = {264-267},
	abstract = {The Greenland ice core from NorthGRIP (NGRIP) contains a proxy climate record across the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary of unprecedented clarity and resolution. Analysis of an array of physical and chemical parameters within the ice enables the base of the Holocene, as reflected in the first signs of climatic warming at the end of the Younger Dryas/Greenland Stadial 1 cold phase, to be located with a high degree of precision. This climatic event is most clearly reflected in an. abrupt shaft in deuterium excess values, accompanied by more gradual changes in delta(18)O, dust concentration, a range of chemical species, and annual layer thickness. A timescale based on multi-parameter annual layer counting provides an age of 11,700 yr b2k (before AD2000) for the base of the Holocene, with, an estimated 2 sigma uncertainty of 99 yr: It is proposed that an archived core from this unique sequence should constitute the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Holocene Series/Epoch (Quaternary System/Period).},
	isbn = {0705-3797},
	author = {Walker, Mike and Johnsen, Sigfu{\textquoteright}s and Rasmussen, Sune Olander and Steffensen, Jorgen-Peder and Popp, Trevor and Gibbard, Philip and Hoek, Wim and Lowe, John and Andrews, John and Bjorck, Svante and Cwynar, Les and Hughen, Konrad and Kershaw, Peter and Kromer, Bernd and Litt, Thomas and Lowe, David J. and Nakagawa, Takeshi and Newnham, Rewi and Schwander, Jakob}
}
@article {321,
	title = {Holocene erosion of the Lesser Himalaya triggered by intensified summer monsoon},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {36},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 800; 247YL Times Cited:7 Cited References Count:27; YY},
	pages = {79-82},
	abstract = {Climate is one of the principal controls setting rates of continental erosion. Here we present the results of a provenance analysis of Holocene sediments from the Indus delta in order to assess climatic controls on erosion over millennial time scales. Bulk sediment Nd isotope analysis reveals a number of changes during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene (at 14-20,11-12 and 8-9 ka) away from erosion of the Karakoram and toward more sediment flux from the Himalaya. Radiometric Ar-Ar dating of muscovite and U-Pb dating of zircon sand grains indicate that the Lesser Himalaya eroded relatively more strongly than the Greater Himalaya as global climate warmed and the summer monsoon intensified after 14 ka. Monsoon rains appear to be the primary force controlling erosion across the western Himalaya, at least over millennial time scales. This variation is preserved with no apparent lag in sediments from the delta, but not in the deep Arabian Sea, due to sediment buffering on the continental shelf.},
	issn = {0091-7613},
	doi = {10.1130/G24315a.1},
	author = {Clift, P. D. and Giosan, L. and Biusztajn, J. and Campbell, I. H. and Allen, C. and Pringle, M. and Tabrez, A. R. and Danish, M. and Rabbani, M. M. and Alizai, A. and Carter, A. and Lueckge, A.}
}
@article {503,
	title = {Late Holocene marine productivity changes in Northern Patagonia-Chile inferred from a multi-proxy analysis of Jacaf channel sediments},
	journal = {Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science},
	volume = {80},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 2117; PT: J; TC: 5; J9: ESTUAR COAST SHELF S; UT: WOS:000261562600002},
	pages = {314-322},
	abstract = {A multi-proxy approach based on organic (organic carbon, alkenones, and C/N) and inorganic geochemical proxies (biogenic opal, inorganic carbon, Fe, Ti, and Ca) preserved in the sediments of the Jacaf channel (CF7-PC33; 44 degrees 21{\textquoteright}S, 72 degrees 58{\textquoteright}W, 510 m water depth), Chilean fjords, yields evidence of major past productivity fluctuations in accordance with climatic changes over the last similar to 1800 years. The downcore record clearly shows two productivity/climate modes. The first period, prior to 900 cal yr BP, is characterized by decreased marine productivity and a reduced continental signal, pointing to diminished precipitation and runoff. In contrast, the second period between similar to 750 cal yr BP and the late 1800s (top of core) is illustrated by elevated productivity and an increased continental signal, suggesting higher precipitation and runoff. Both time intervals are separated by a relatively abrupt transition of similar to 150 years which roughly coincides with the beginning of the Little Ice Age. The increased content of freshwater diatoms and Chrysophyte cysts that characterize the last 200 years of the latter mode coincides with a significant decrease in the carbonate content of the sediment; together they further indicate increased terrigenous contributions and decreased marine carbonate productivity at the end of the Little Ice Age. The correspondence between our record and other paleoclimate studies carried out in South America and Antarctica demonstrates that the Chilean fjord area of Northern Patagonia is not just sensitive to local climatic variability but also to regional and possibly global variability. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0272-7714},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ecss.2008.08.016},
	author = {Rebolledo, Lorena and Sepulveda, Julio and Lange, Carina B. and Pantoja, Silvio and Bertrand, Sbastien and Hughen, Konrad and Figueroae, Dante}
}
@article {490,
	title = {Origins of archaeal tetraether lipids in sediments: Insights from radiocarbon analysis RID A-6723-2009},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {72},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 2051; PT: J; UT: WOS:000259107700010},
	pages = {4577-4594},
	abstract = {Understanding the supply and preservation of glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) in marine sediments helps inform their use in paleoceanography. Compound-specific radiocarbon measurements of sedimentary alkenones from multiple environments have been used to gain insight into processes that affect U-37(K{\textquoteright}) paleotemperature reconstructions. Similar analyses are warranted to investigate how analogous processes affecting GDGTs impact TEX86 paleotemperatures. Here we present radiocarbon measurements on individual GDGTs from Bermuda Rise and Santa Monica Basin sediments and discuss the results in the context of previous studies of co-depositional alkenones and foraminifera. The C-14 contents of GDGTs and planktonic foraminifera in Bermuda Rise are very similar, suggesting a local source; and TEX86-derived temperatures agree more closely with foraminiferal temperatures than do U-37(K{\textquoteright}) temperatures. In contrast, GDGTs in Santa Monica Basin are depleted in C-14 relative to both alkenones and foraminifera, and TEX86 temperatures agree poorly with known surface water values. We propose three possible factors that could explain these results: (i) GDGTs may be labile relative to alkenones during advective transport through oxic waters; (ii) archaeal production deep in the water column may contribute C-14-depleted GDGTs to sediments; and (iii) some GDGTs also may derive from sedimentary archaeal communities. Each of these three processes is likely to occur with varying relative importance depending on geographic location. The latter two may help to explain why TEX86 temperature reconstructions from Santa Monica Basin do not appear to reflect actual sea surface temperatures. Terrigenous GDGTs are unlikely to be major contributors to Bermuda Rise or Santa Monica Basin sediments, based on values of the BIT index. The results also indicate that the crenarchaeol regioisomer is governed by processes different from other GDGTs. Individual measurements of the crenarchaeol regioisomer are significantly depleted in C-14 relative to co-occurring GDGTs, indicating an alternative origin for this compound that presently remains unknown. Re-examination of the contribution of crenarchaeol regioisomer to the TEX86 index shows that it is a significant influence on the sensitivity of temperature reconstructions. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2008.06.021},
	author = {Shah, Sunita R. and Mollenhauer, Gesine and Ohkouchi, Naohiko and Eglinton, Timothy I. and Pearson, Ann}
}
@article {296,
	title = {Robust deterministic model describing the bomb radiocarbon signal for use in fish age validation},
	journal = {Transactions of the American Fisheries Society},
	volume = {137},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 775; 306ZU Times Cited:2 Cited References Count:21Y},
	pages = {852-859},
	abstract = {The bomb radiocarbon chronometer has become a standard tool for assessing the accuracy of otolith-based fish age estimates. Use of the chronometer depends upon the increase in C-14 that occurred due to the atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons in the middle of the 20th century. In previous analyses, a variety of ad hoc methods have been used to compare test chronologies with reference chronologies. This paper proposes a deterministic coupled-functions model that describes bomb radiocarbon chronologies and standardizes and facilitates comparisons within and across species. In this model, a Gaussian pulse of radiocarbon over time is assumed, and dispersion and dilution are described by continuous exponential decay. The model simplifies to the product of a cumulative normal function and an exponential function; despite its simplicity, the model approximates the observed changes in oceanic radiocarbon quite well. It also allows for statistical testing of the timing of increase between different time series and thus permits quantitative aging validation as well as analysis of geographical differences in the timing of the bomb radiocarbon signal. Estimated model parameters describe the timing of the onset and temporal midpoint of the bomb-related increase in C-14 and the rate of C-14 dispersion or dilution, which corresponds to the observed rate of decline during the postbomb period. Nine published chronologies are used to demonstrate the model and compare it with other published methods of summarizing bomb radiocarbon data for age validation purposes.},
	issn = {0002-8487},
	doi = {10.1577/T07-144.1},
	author = {Hamel, O. S. and Piner, K. R. and Wallace, J. R.}
}
@article {451,
	title = {Rock magnetic and geochemical record in a sediment core from the eastern Arabian Sea: Diagenetic and environmental implications during the late Quaternary},
	journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},
	volume = {270},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {46-52},
	abstract = {Rock magnetic concentration, grain size and mineralogy parameters together with organic carbon, calcium carbonate, redox-sensitive elements, δ18O of Globigerinoides ruber and radiocarbon dating were carried out on a 445 cm long sediment core collected at 1380 m depth off Mangalore, southwestern margin of India. The top 290 cm sediments of the core correspond to the last 18 kaBP. The δ18O and magnetic records exhibit major events at \~{} 16 kaBP, 14.5 kaBP, 11.5 kaBP and 9.8/8.6 kaBP related to start and intensity of the summer monsoon and climate change, and are synchronous with that of the western Arabian Sea and North Atlantic. The sediments with high magnetic susceptibility correlate with high sedimentation rates. The sediments are dominated by fine-grained magnetite, but intervals of 1.2{\textendash}3.8 kaBP and 10{\textendash}13.5 kaBP were subjected to diagenetic changes, resulting in the dissolution of fine-grained magnetites and enrichment of redox-sensitive trace elements (Cu, Ni, Zn, V, Mo and U). The sediments between 290 cm and 445 cm correspond to 18{\textendash}27 kaBP and are characterized by distinct decrease in magnetic concentration, grain size and mineralogy parameters, high organic carbon, low concentrations of redox-sensitive trace elements and abundant pyritized tubules. The reductive diagenetic conditions indicated by rock magnetic properties are in contrast with the weak sub-oxic conditions revealed by low concentrations of trace elements in the sediments. The seasonal organic matter flux produced during the winter monsoon and moderate sedimentation rates favoured reductive diagenesis in the sediments at and below the last glacial maximum (LGM). Intermittent bioturbation, however, allowed oxidants to penetrate into the sediments, remobilized redox-sensitive trace elements into the water column and modified the primary geochemical signal of the sedimentary environment.},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.08.011},
	author = {Rao, Venigalla Purnachandra and Kessarkar, Pratima Mohan and Patil, Shiva Kumar and Ahmad, Syed Masood}
}
@conference {1802,
	title = {Taphonomy and ages of bivalve shells from San Salvador Island, Bahamas},
	volume = {40},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 2219; Source type: conferencepapers\&proceedings; Object type: Article; Object type: Conference Paper; Copyright: GeoRef, Copyright 2008, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States; CSAUnique: 2010-024085; AccNum: 2010-024085; ISSN: 0016-7592; CODEN: GAAPBC},
	month = {2008},
	pages = {230},
	publisher = {Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, United States (USA)},
	organization = {Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, United States (USA)},
	address = {United States (USA)},
	abstract = {Paleontological interpretations of taphonomic processes can be complimented by examining abrasion and age of shells in modern settings. A preliminary analysis of the ages of bivalves from Haitian Boat Beach (just east of Barkers Point, northwest coast of San Salvador Island, Bahamas) provides a range of ages of shell material exposed on modern beaches of San Salvador Island and provides estimates of the timing of beach rock lithification. At Haitian Boat Beach Beach, bivalves and gastropods were collected from shell accumulations preserved on the beach as well as within a single 3 to 5-cm thick horizon of beach rock. The ages of 2 valves (Genus Chione) from the beach and 4 valves (Genus Chione and Genus Glycymeris) from the beach rock were analyzed. Two of the most abraded shells were selected for analysis from the beach in an attempt to get a maximum age of beach shell material. These shells were radiocarbon dated by measuring carbon-14 at NOSAMS and converted to calendar years using the CALIB program of Stuiver and Reimer (1993). Two abraded valves collected from the beach yielded calendar year ages BP of 512 and 549 years. The beach rock valves yielded calendar year ages BP of 143, 129, and 1628. These results suggest lithification of beach rock was initiated},
	keywords = {10, abrasion, absolute age, Bahamas, beachrock, Bivalvia, C-14, carbon, carbonate rocks, Caribbean region, Cenozoic, Chione, dates, Gastropoda, Glycymeris, Heterodonta, Holocene, interpretation, Invertebrata, Invertebrate paleontology, isotopes, lithification, living taxa, Mollusca, Quaternary, radioactive isotopes, San Salvador, sedimentary rocks, sediments, shells, taphonomy, upper Holocene, Veneridae, Veneroida, West Indies},
	author = {Pruss, Sara B.}
}
@article {278,
	title = {TRACING PAST CIRCULATION CHANGES IN THE WESTERN SOUTH ATLANTIC BASED ON PLANKTONIC FORAMINIFERA},
	journal = {Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 1973},
	pages = {169-178},
	abstract = {In this study, we traced past oceanographic changes in the southeastern Brazilian Continental Margin based on the ratio between two planktonic foraminifera species (Globigerina bulloides and Globigerinoides ruber), along a core located close to the transition between the tropical and subtropical biogeographic provinces. Each species is representative of a biogeographic province and has excluding ecological preferences. According to our interpretation, periods of low G. bulloides/G. ruber values would characterize a stronger influence of the warm, oligotrophic tropical water and, conversely, periods of high G. bulloides/G. ruber values correspond to a stronger influence of colder and nutrient-richer waters. Changes in the relative influence of the different water masses are strongly dependent on the regional wind field which affects the upper-level circulation mostly by the latitudinal displacement of the bifurcation of the South Equatorial Current which, in turn, has strong impacts on the Brazil Current{\textquoteright}s strength and on the intensity of the upwelling regime in the study area. The analysis of the last 30 kyr record, suggests that productivity was highly increased both around the Last Glacial Maximum and the Younger Dryas event. In between these events, the record suggests that productivity was severely decreased during deglaciation. Also, our record suggests a gradual decrease in productivity from 11 kyr BP through the Holocene which can be explained by a progressively stronger Brazil Current resulting from a southward displacement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. Our results are consistent with other studies providing estimates of changes in trade wind strength and in the extent of the climatic belts through time.},
	doi = {10.4072/rbp.2008.3.03},
	author = {Toledo, F. A. L. and Costa, K. B. and Pivel, M. A. G. and Campos, E.}
}
@conference {1547,
	title = {14C and 13C isotopic characterization of organic carbon in surface waters of the South Atlantic Bight},
	booktitle = {ASLO Aquatic Sciences Meeting},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 1026},
	month = {2007},
	address = {Santa Fe, NM},
	author = {De Alteris, J. A. and Bauer, J. E. and Perkey, D. W. and Keesee, E. J. and Cai, W. J.}
}
@article {2455,
	title = {A 28-ka history of sea surface temperature, primary productivity and planktonic community variability in the western Arabian Sea},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {22},
	year = {2007},
	month = {Jan-12-2007},
	pages = {n/a - n/a},
	abstract = {Uranium series radionuclides and organic biomarkers, which represent major groups of planktonic organisms, were measured in western Arabian Sea sediments that span the past 28 ka. Variability in the past strength of the southwest and northeast monsoons and its influence on primary productivity, sea surface temperature (SST), and planktonic community structure were investigated. The average alkenone-derived SST for the last glacial period was \~{}3{\textdegree}C lower than that measured for the Holocene. Prior to the deglacial, the lowest SSTs coincide with the highest measured fluxes of organic biomarkers, which represent primarily a planktonic suite of diatoms, coccolithophorids, dinoflagellates, and zooplankton. We propose that intensification of winter northeast monsoon winds during the last glacial period resulted in deep convective mixing, cold SSTs and enhanced primary productivity. In contrast, postdeglacial (<17 ka) SSTs are warmer during times in which biomarker fluxes are high. Associated with this transition is a planktonic community structure change, in which the ratio of the average cumulative flux of diatom biomarkers to the cumulative flux of coccolithophorid biomarkers is twice as high during the deglacial and Holocene than the average ratio during the last glacial period. We suggest that this temporal transition represents a shift from a winter northeast monsoon-dominated (pre-17 ka) to a summer southwest monsoon-dominated (post-17 ka) wind system.},
	doi = {10.1029/2007PA001502},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1029/2007PA001502https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029\%2F2007PA001502},
	author = {Pourmand, Ali and Marcantonio, Franco and Bianchi, Thomas S. and Canuel, Elizabeth A. and Waterson, Elizabeth J.}
}
@article {1350,
	title = {Are tsunamis always sedimentologically important events? A case study of sedimentological and geochemical analyses of coastal lagoons, Sri Lanka},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 1144; Annual Meeting},
	month = {2007},
	publisher = {American Association of Petroleum Geologists Abstracts with Programs},
	address = {Long Beach, CA},
	author = {Jackson, K. L. and Rankey, E. C. and Eberli, G. P. and Amelung, F. and Andres, M. S. and Peterson, L. P. and Swart, P. K. and Jayasena, H. A. H. and Kehelpannala, K. V. W.}
}
@article {336,
	title = {Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during the Last Glacial Maximum},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {316},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 1897; ISI Document Delivery No.: 153XD Times Cited: 46 Cited Reference Count: 61 Cited References: ADKINS JF, 1997, NATURE, V390, P154 ADKINS JF, 1999, RECONSTRUCTING OCEAN, P103 ADKINS JF, 2003, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V216, P109, DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00502-8 BACON MP, 1982, J GEOPHYS RES, V87, P2045 BICKERT T, 2004, S ATLANTIC LATE QUAT, P671 BOYLE EA, 1982, SCIENCE, V218, P784 BROECKER W, 1988, RADIOCARBON, V30, P261 CHASE Z, 2002, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V204, P215 CLARK PU, 2002, NATURE, V415, P863 CONKRIGHT ME, 2002, WORLD OCEAN ATLAS 20 CURRY WB, 1982, QUATERNARY RES, V18, P218 CURRY WB, 2005, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V20, ARTN PA1017 DUPIESSY JC, 1980, NATURE, V286, P479 DUPLESSY JC, 1988, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V3, P343 DUPLESSY JC, 1989, RADIOCARBON, V31, P493 ELDERFIELD H, 2006, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V250, P633, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2006.07.041 EMILIANI C, 1955, J GEOL, V63, P538 GANACHAUD A, 2000, NATURE, V408, P453 GEBBIE G, 2006, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V7, ARTN Q11N07 GHERARDI JM, 2005, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V240, P710, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.09.061 HALL IR, 2006, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V33, ARTN L16616 HALL MM, 1982, DEEP-SEA RES, V29, P339 HEWITT CD, 2003, CLIM DYNAM, V20, P203, DOI 10.1007/s00382-002-0272-6 HIRSCHI JJM, 2006, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V7, ARTN Q10N04 HUYBERS P, 2007, J PHYS OCEANOGR, V37, P394, DOI 10.1175/JPO3018.1 KEIGWIN LD, 2004, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V19, ARTN PA4012 KISSEL C, 1999, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V171, P489 KITOH A, 2001, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V28, P2221 KUCERA M, 2005, QUATERNARY SCI REV, V24, P951, DOI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.07.014 KUMAR N, 1993, NATURE, V362, P45 LEGRAND P, 1995, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V10, P1011 LEGRANDE AN, 2006, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V103, P837 LYNCHSTIEGLITZ J, 1999, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V14, P360 LYNCHSTIEGLITZ J, 2001, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V2, DOI 10.1029/2001GC000208 LYNCHSTIEGLITZ J, 2003, TREATISE GEOCHEMISTR, V6, P433 LYNCHSTIEGLITZ J, 2006, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V7, ARTN Q10N03 MANABE S, 1988, J CLIMATOL, V1, P841 MANGINI A, 1998, NATURE, V392, P347 MARCHAL O, 2000, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V15, P625 MARCHITTO TM, 2000, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V15, P299 MARCHITTO TM, 2006, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V7, ARTN Q12003 MAROTZKE J, 1999, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V104, P29529 MATSUMOTO K, 1999, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V14, P149 MCCAVE IN, 2006, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V7, ARTN Q10N05 MCMANUS JF, 2004, NATURE, V428, P834, DOI 10.1038/nature02494 MIX AC, 2001, QUATERNARY SCI REV, V20, P627 OTTOBLIESNER BL, 2006, J CLIMATE, V19, P2526 PAUL A, 2003, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V18, ARTN 1058 PIOTROWSKI AM, 2005, SCIENCE, V307, P1933, DOI 10.1126/science.1104883 ROBINSON LF, 2005, SCIENCE, V310, P1469, DOI 10.1126/science.1114832 ROEMMICH D, 1985, DEEP-SEA RES, V32, P619 SARNTHEIN M, 1994, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V9, P209 SCHMITTNER A, 2005, GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY, V19, ARTN GB3004 SHACKLETON NJ, 1988, NATURE, V335, P708 SHIN SI, 2003, CLIM DYNAM, V20, P127, DOI 10.1007/s00382-002-0260-x STOMMEL H, 1961, TELLUS, V13, P224 STREETER SS, 1979, SCIENCE, V203, P168 VELLINGA M, 2002, CLIMATIC CHANGE, V54, P251 WUNSCH C, 2003, QUATERNARY SCI REV, V22, P371 YU EF, 1996, NATURE, V379, P689 ZHANG R, 2005, J CLIMATE, V18, P1853 Lynch-Stieglitz, Jean Adkins, Jess F. Curry, William B. Dokken, Trond Hall, Ian R. Herguera, Juan Carlos Hirschi, Joel J. -M. Ivanova, Elena V. Kissel, Catherine Marchal, Olivier Marchitto, Thomas M. McCave, I. Nicholas McManus, Jerry F. Mulitza, Stefan Ninnemann, Ulysses Peeters, Frank Yu, Ein-Fen Zahn, Rainer Amer assoc advancement science Washington; YY},
	pages = {66-69},
	abstract = {The circulation of the deep Atlantic Ocean during the height of the last ice age appears to have been quite different from today. We review observations implying that Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during the Last Glacial Maximum was neither extremely sluggish nor an enhanced version of present-day circulation. The distribution of the decay products of uranium in sediments is consistent with a residence time for deep waters in the Atlantic only slightly greater than today. However, evidence from multiple water-mass tracers supports a different distribution of deep-water properties, including density, which is dynamically linked to circulation.},
	issn = {0036-8075},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1137127},
	author = {Lynch-Stieglitz, J. and Adkins, J. F. and Curry, W. B. and Dokken, T. and Hall, I. R. and Herguera, J. C. and Hirschi, J. J. M. and Ivanova, E. V. and Kissel, C. and Marchal, O. and Marchitto, T. M. and McCave, I. N. and McManus, J. F. and Mulitza, S. and Ninnemann, U. and Peeters, F. and Yu, E. F. and Zahn, R.}
}
@article {1534,
	title = {Chapter E--Holocene sand deposits in the San Luis Basin, east of Alamosa Colorado},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 627},
	month = {2007},
	author = {Machette, M. N. and Puseman, K.},
	editor = {Machette, M. N.}
}
@article {1362,
	title = {Field and laboratory data from an earthquake history study of scarps of the Lake Creek-Boundary Creek fault between the Elwha River and Siebert Creek, Clallam County, Washington},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 433},
	month = {2007},
	author = {Nelson, A. R. and Personius, S. F. and Buck, Jason and Bradley, L. A. and Wells, R. E. and Schermer, E. R.}
}
@article {390,
	title = {Flux and age of dissolved organic carbon exported to the Arctic Ocean: A carbon isotopic study of the five largest arctic rivers RID C-4087-2009 RID C-5396-2008},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	volume = {21},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 2033; PT: J; UT: WOS:000250704000002},
	pages = {GB4011-GB4011},
	abstract = {The export and Delta C-14-age of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was determined for the Yenisey, Lena, Ob{\textquoteright}, Mackenzie, and Yukon rivers for 2004 - 2005. Concentrations of DOC elevate significantly with increasing discharge in these rivers, causing approximately 60\% of the annual export to occur during a 2-month period following spring ice breakup. We present a total annual flux from the five rivers of similar to 16 teragrams (Tg), and conservatively estimate that the total input of DOC to the Arctic Ocean is 25 - 36 Tg, which is similar to 5-20\% greater than previous fluxes. These fluxes are also similar to 2.5 x greater than temperate rivers with similar watershed sizes and water discharge. Delta C-14-DOC shows a clear relationship with hydrology. A small pool of DOC slightly depleted in Delta C-14 is exported with base flow. The large pool exported with spring thaw is enriched in D14C with respect to current-day atmospheric Delta C-14-CO2 values. A simple model predicts that similar to 50\% of DOC exported during the arctic spring thaw is 1 - 5 years old, similar to 25\% is 6 - 10 years in age, and 15\% is 11 - 20 years old. The dominant spring melt period, a historically undersampled period, exports a large amount of young and presumably semilabile DOC to the Arctic Ocean.},
	issn = {0886-6236},
	doi = {10.1029/2007GB002934},
	author = {Raymond, Peter A. and McClelland, J. W. and Holmes, R. M. and Zhulidov, A. V. and Mull, K. and Peterson, B. J. and Striegl, R. G. and Aiken, G. R. and Gurtovaya, T. Y.}
}
@article {662,
	title = {Holocene sea-level oscillations and environmental changes on the Eastern Black Sea shelf},
	journal = {Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology},
	volume = {246},
	year = {2007},
	note = {156gzTimes Cited:22Cited References Count:51},
	month = {Apr 6},
	pages = {228-259},
	abstract = {A multi-proxy study of four sediment cores from the Eastern (Caucasian) Black Sea shelf revealed five transgressive-regressive cycles overprinted on the general trend of glacioeustatic sea-level rise during the last 11,000 C-14 yr. These cycles are well represented in micro-and macrofossil assemblages, sedimentation rates, and gain size variations. The oldest recovered sediments were deposited in the Neoeuxinian semi-freshwater basin (similar to 10,500-9000 C-14 yr BP) and contain a Caspian-type mollusk fauna dominated by Dreissena rostriformis. Low delta O-18 and delta C-13 values are measured on this species. The first appearance of marine mollusks and ostracodes from the Mediterranean is established in this part of the Black Sea at similar to 8200 C-14 yr BP, i.e., about 1000-2000 yr later than the appearance of marine microfossils in the deeper part of the sea. The Early Holocene (Bugazian to Vityazevian) condensed section of shell and shelly mud sediments with at least two hiatuses represent a high-energy shelf-edge facies. It contains a transitional assemblage representing a mixture of Caspian and Mediterranean fauna. This pattern suggests a dual-flow regime via the Bosphorus after 8200 C-14 yr BR Caspian species disappear and oligolialine species decrease in abundance during the Vityazevian-Prekalamitian cycle. Later, during the Middle to Late Holocene, low sea-level stands are characterized by shell layers, whereas silty mud with various mollusk and ostracode assemblages rapidly accumulated during transgressions. Restricted mud accumulation, as well as benthic faunal composition and abundance, suggest high-energy and well-ventilated bottom water during low sea-level stands. A trend of O-18 enrichment in mollusk shells points to an increase in bottom-water salinity during the Vityazevian to Kalamitian transgressions (similar to 7000 to 5700 C-14 yr BP) due to a more open connection with the Mediterranean, while a pronounced increase in polyhaline species abundance is established during the Kalamitian to Djemetean transgressions (similar to 6400 to 2700 C-14 yr BP). However, the composition of the faunal assemblage indicates that bottom-water salinity never exceeded modem values of 18-20 psu. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.09.014},
	author = {Ivanova, E. V. and Murdmaa, I. O. and Chepalyga, A. L. and Cronin, T. M. and Pasechnik, I. V. and Levchenko, O. V. and Howe, S. S. and Manushkina, A. V. and Platonova, E. A.}
}
@article {1908,
	title = {Late Holocene barrier island collapse; Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA},
	journal = {The Sedimentary Record},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 1887; ISSN: 1543-8740 Language: English References: 16; illus. incl. strat. col., geol. sketch map United States (USA) Latitude:N350000,N353000 Longitude:W0753000,W0760000},
	month = {2007},
	pages = {4-8},
	abstract = {We document here the threat of large scale destruction (collapse) of barrier islands based on the study of many cores taken along the Outer Banks and in Pamlico Sound, North Carolina.Around 1,100 cal yr BP, probably as the result of hurricane activity, portions of the southern Outer Banks must have collapsed to allow normal salinity waters to bathe southern Pamlico Sound for several hundred years. Such collapse could occur again during our current regime of global warming, rising sea level and increased tropical cyclone activity. The economic effect of barrier island break collapse on Outer Banks communities would be devastating.},
	keywords = {24, Quaternary geology, algae, assemblages, barrier islands, Cenozoic, changes, clastic sediments, cores, diatoms, erosion, Foraminifera, geologic hazards, Holocene, hurricanes, Invertebrata, landform evolution, lithofacies, littoral, microfossils, North Carolina, Outer Banks, Pamlico Sound, Plantae, preservation, Protista, Quaternary, salinity, sand, sea-level, sediments, United States, upper Holocene, Vibroseis},
	author = {Culver, Stephen J. and Grand Pre, Candace A. and Mallinson, David J. and Riggs, Stanley R. and Corbett, D. Reide and Foley, Jennifer and Hale, Michael and Metger, Lauren and Ricardo, John and Rosenberger, Jeb and Smith, Christopher G. and Smith, Curtis W. and Snyder, Scott W. and Twamley, David and Farrell, Kathleen and Horton, Benjamin}
}
@article {477,
	title = {Late Holocene fine-grained sediments of the Balearic Abyssal Plain, Western Mediterranean Sea},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {237},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 624; 139VA Times Cited:6 Cited References Count:57},
	pages = {25-36},
	abstract = {The Late Holocene fine-grained sedimentation in the deep central Balearic Abyssal Plain, Western Mediterranean Sea, has been studied after the analysis of high quality sediment cores from three multicoring stations, named A, B and C. The coring stations are 25 km apart from each other and form a triangle that is at the greatest distance from the nearest landmasses. The sediments consist of foraminifer-pteropod oozes (layers U1 and U4 from bottom to top), two pteropod oozes (U2 and U5) and a turbidite layer (U3). The same sequence has been identified in the three cores. The turbidite layer U3 that lies on top of U2 (C-14 AMS dated at 1814 cal yrs BP) ranges from 5 to I I cm thick and is clearly distinguished from the dominating hemipelagic sediments by colour variations, higher water content and the absence of planktonic foraminifer shells. Rather uniform values of organic carbon and nitrogen are also characteristic of the U3 turbidite unit, likely because of homogenisation during transport and emplacement. In addition, U3 unit shows higher contents of terrigenous elements such as K and Fe. Otherwise, the presence of zeolites in the turbidite layer supports the hypothesis of the Sardinian continental margin, where pyroclastic deposits are known, as the most likely source area for U3. Our results demonstrate the ability of turbidity currents originating on the margins surrounding the Balearic Abyssal Plain to reach the very centre of the basin during high sea level still stands as the present one. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/J.Margeo.2006.10.034},
	author = {Zuniga, D. and Garcia-Orellana, J. and Calafat, A. and Price, N. B. and Adatte, T. and Sanchez-Vidal, A. and Canals, M. and Sanchex-Cabeza, J. A. and Masque, P. and Fabres, J.}
}
@article {648,
	title = {Late Quaternary environmental and human events at En Gedi, reflected by the geology and archaeology of the Moringa Cave (Dead Sea area, Israel)},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {68},
	year = {2007},
	note = {207wkTimes Cited:3Cited References Count:55},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {203-212},
	abstract = {The Moringa Cave within Pleistocene sediments in the En Gedi area of the Dead Sea Fault Escarpment contains a sequence of various Pleistocene lacustrine deposits associated with higher-than-today lake levels at the Dead Sea basin. In addition it contains Chalcolithic remains and 5th century BC burials attributed to the Persian period, cemented and covered by Late Holocene travertine flowstone. These deposits represent a chain of Late Pleistocene and Holocene interconnected environmental and human events, echoing broader scale regional and global climate events. A major shift between depositional environments is associated with the rapid fall of Lake Lisan level during the latest Pleistocene. This exposed the sediments, providing for cave formation processes sometime between the latest Pleistocene (ca. 15 ka) and the Middle Holocene (ca. 4500 BC), eventually leading to human use of the cave. The Chalcolithic use of the cave can be related to a relatively moist desert environment, probably related to a shift in the location of the northern boundary of the Saharo-Arabian desert belt. The travertine layer was U-Th dated 2.46 +/- 0.10 to 2.10 +/- 0.04 ka, in agreement with the archaeological finds from the Persian period. Together with the inner consistency of the dating results, this strongly supports the reliability of the radiometric ages. The 2.46-2.10 ka travertine deposition within the presently dry cave suggests a higher recharge of the Judean Desert aquifer, correlative to a rising Dead Sea towards the end of the 1 st millennium BC. This suggests a relatively moist local and regional climate facilitating human habitation of the desert. (c) 2007 University of Washington. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2007.03.010},
	author = {Lisker, S. and Porat, R. and Davidovich, U. and Eshel, H. and Lauritzen, S. E. and Frumkin, A.}
}
@article {292,
	title = {Late quaternary paleoseismology of the southern Steens fault zone, northern Nevada},
	journal = {Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America},
	volume = {97},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 2022; PT: J; UT: WOS:000249930900021},
	pages = {1662-1678},
	abstract = {The 192-km-long Steens fault zone is the most prominent normal fault system in the northern Basin and Range province of western North America. We use trench mapping and radiometric dating to estimate displacements and timing of the last three surface-rupturing earthquakes (E1-E3) on the southern part of the fault south of Denio, Nevada. Coseismic displacements range from 1.1 to 2.2 +/- 0.5 m, and radiometric ages indicate earthquake times of 11.5 +/- 2.0 ka (E3), 6.1 +/- 0.5 ka (E2), and 4.6 +/- 1.0 ka (E1). These data yield recurrence intervals of 5.4 +/- 2.1 k.y. between E3 and E2, 1.5 +/- 1.1 k.y. between E2 and E1, and an elapsed time of 4.6 +/- 1.0 k.y. since El. The recurrence data yield variable interval slip rates (between 0.2 +/- 0.22 and 1.5 +/- 2.3 mm/yr), but slip rates averaged over the past similar to 18 k.y. (0.24 +/- 0.06 mm/year) are similar to long-term (8.5-12.5 Ma) slip rates (0.2 +/- 0.1 mm/yr) measured a few kilometers to the north. We infer from the lack of significant topographic relief across the fault in Bog Hot Valley that the fault zone is propagating southward and may now be connected with a fault at the northwestern end of the Pine Forest Range. Displacements documented in the trench and a rupture length of 37 km indicate a history of three latest Quaternary earthquakes with magnitudes of M 6.6-7.1 on the southern part of the Steens fault zone.},
	issn = {0037-1106},
	doi = {10.1785/0120060202},
	author = {Personius, Stephen F. and Crone, Anthony J. and Machette, Michael N. and Mahan, Shannon A. and Kyung, Jai Bok and Cisneros, Hector and Lidke, David J.}
}
@article {2443,
	title = {Linking lithology and land use to sources of dissolved and particulate organic matter in headwaters of a temperate, passive-margin river system},
	journal = {Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {71},
	year = {2007},
	note = {30},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {4233-4250},
	abstract = {A number of rivers have been found to transport highly aged organic matter [OM]; however, the sources of this aged material remain a matter of debate. One potential source may be erosion and weathering of headwater lithologies rich in ancient sedimentary OM. In this study, waters, suspended particulates, streambed sediments, rocks and soils from fourteen small headwater watersheds of a mid-size, temperate, passive margin river were sampled and characterized by Delta C-14, delta C-13, and POC/TPN ratios to identify sources of particulate and dissolved OM delivered to the river mainstem. These headwater sites encompass a range in lithology (OM-rich shales, OM-lean carbonate/mudstone facies, and OM-free crystalline rocks) and land use types (forested and agricultural), and allow investigation of the influence of agriculture and bedrock types on stream OM characteristics. Streams draining large areas of both agricultural land use and OM-rich lithology contain particulate OM [POM] that is more C-14-depleted than streams draining forested, shale-free watersheds. However, this is not sufficient to account for the significantly lower Delta C-14-POC measured in the river mainstern. Dissolved OM [DOM] Delta C-14 are in all cases enriched compared to POM from the same stream, but are otherwise highly variable and unrelated to either land use or lithology. POC/TPN ratios were likewise highly variable. POC and DOC delta C-13 signatures were similar across all watersheds. Based on isotope mass balance, C-14-free fossil OM sources contribute 0-12\% of total stream POM. Although these results do not unequivocally separate the influences of land use and lithology, watershed coverage by shale and agriculture are both important controls on stream A Delta C-14-POC. Thus export of aged, particle-associated OM may be a feature of river systems along both passive and active continental margins. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {ATCHAFALAYA RIVER, ATMOSPHERIC O-2, BLACK SHALE, continental-shelf, GULF-OF-MEXICO, marine-sediments, MINERAL, SPACE-TIME CLIMATE, STABLE-ISOTOPES, surface sediments, SURFACES},
	isbn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2007.06.056},
	author = {Longworth, B. E. and Petsch, S. T. and Raymond, P. A. and Bauer, J. E.}
}
@article {975,
	title = {Lithological anomalies in a relict coastal dune: Geophysical and paleoenvironmental markers},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {34},
	year = {2007},
	note = {168ajTimes Cited:18Cited References Count:38},
	month = {May 11},
	pages = {1-5},
	abstract = {Ground exposures of migration surfaces (slipfaces) of a relict Holocene coastal dune along the southeastern Baltic Sea coast provide an ideal opportunity for establishing the causes of prominent reflections on geophysical profiles. High-amplitude reflections on high-resolution ground-penetrating radar (GPR) images correlate well with two major lithological anomalies: 1) paleosols developed on dune slipfaces, and 2) slipfaces consisting of heavy-mineral concentrations (HMCs). Paleosols serve as indicators of dune stability, represent datable chronostratigraphic surfaces, and help reconstruct dune paleo-morphology. HMCs have substantially higher magnetic susceptibility values than background quartz-rich sands and, where they are well-developed, can be also used for spatial correlation. Based on their occurrence at the study site, these enriched horizons likely represent periods of increased wind activity ( storminess). Multiple HMCs upwind of paleosol P1 ( 800 670 cal years BP) likely reflect periods of intensified wind activity along the southeast Baltic region during the Medieval Warm Period.},
	issn = {0094-8276},
	doi = {10.1029/2007GL029767},
	author = {Buynevich, I. V. and Bitinas, A. and Pupienis, D.}
}
@article {267,
	title = {Mobilization pathways of organic carbon from permafrost to arctic rivers in a changing climate},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {34},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 773; 187WS Times Cited:23 Cited References Count:29Y},
	abstract = {[1] Arctic warming may cause the release of vast amounts of soil organic carbon (SOC) from permafrost, which will manifest itself in the fluxes and composition of organic carbon in northern rivers and Arctic coastal regions. To elucidate the transport pathways of SOC, radiocarbon composition was measured for dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), sediments and SOC from the Mackenzie, Sagavanirktok, and Yukon river basins, and soil leaching experiments were conducted. The radiocarbon ages of riverine suspended POC and sediments ranged from 4430 to similar to 7970 yr BP, while DOC was much younger (390-1440 yr BP) except samples from the Sag River. Soil leaching experiments released},
	issn = {0094-8276},
	doi = {10.1029/2007gl030689},
	author = {Guo, L. D. and Ping, C. L. and Macdonald, R. W.}
}
@inbook {1403,
	title = {One if by land, two if by sea: who were the first Californians?},
	booktitle = {California Prehistory:Colonization, Culture and Complexity},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 2081},
	month = {2007},
	pages = {53-62},
	publisher = {AltaMira Press},
	organization = {AltaMira Press},
	author = {Erlandson, Jon M. and Rick, Torben C. and Jones, Terry L. and Porcasi, Judith},
	editor = {Jones, Terry L.}
}
@article {649,
	title = {Paleoenvironmental proxy records from Lake Hovsgol, Mongolia, and a synthesis of Holocene climate change in the Lake Baikal watershed},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {68},
	year = {2007},
	note = {187enTimes Cited:71Cited References Count:58},
	month = {Jul},
	pages = {2-17},
	abstract = {Here we discuss palcoenvironmental evolution in the Baikal region during the Holocene using new records of aquatic (diatom) and terrestrial vegetation changes from Hovsgol, Mongolia{\textquoteright}s largest and deepest lake. We reconcile previous contradictory Baikal timescales by constraining reservoir corrections of AMS dates on bulk sedimentary organic carbon. Synthesis of the Holocene records in the Baikal watershed reveals a northward progression in landscape/vegetation changes and an anti-phase behavior of diatom and biogenic silica proxies in neighboring rift lakes. In Lake Baikal, these proxies appear to be responsive to annual temperature increases after 6 ka, whereas in Lake Hovsgol they respond to higher precipitation/runoff from 11 to 7 ka. Unlike around Lake Baikal, warmer summers between 6 and 3.5 ka resulted in the decline, not expansion, of forest vegetation around Lake Hovsgol, apparently as a result of higher soil temperatures and lower moisture availability. The regional climatic proxy data are consistent with a series of 500-yr time slice Holocene GCM simulations for continental Eurasia. Our results allow reevaluation of the concepts of {\textquoteright}the Holocene optimum{\textquoteright} and a {\textquoteright}maximum of the Asian summer monsoon{\textquoteright}, as applied to palcoclimate records from continental Asia. (c) 2007 University of Washington. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2007.03.008},
	author = {Prokopenko, A. A. and Khursevich, G. K. and Bezrukova, E. V. and Kuzmin, M. I. and Boes, X. and Williams, D. F. and Fedenya, S. A. and Kulagina, N. V. and Letunova, P. P. and Abzaeva, A. A.}
}
@article {1359,
	title = {Paleoseismology of the Nephi segment of the Wasatch fault zone, Juab County, Utah--Preliminary results from two large exploratory trenches at Willow Creek},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 1116; Investigations Map 2966, 2 oversize plates},
	month = {2007},
	publisher = {U. S. Geological Survey},
	author = {Machette, M. N. and Crone, A. J. and Personius, S. F. and Dart, R. L. and Lidke, D. J. and Mahan, S. A. and Olig, S. S.}
}
@article {1886,
	title = {Planktonic foraminifera, calcareous nannoplankton and ascidian variations during the last 25 kyr in the Southwestern Atlantic: A paleoproductivity signature?},
	journal = {Marine Micropaleontology},
	volume = {64},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 1061},
	month = {2007},
	pages = {67-79},
	author = {Toledo, Filipe A. L. and Chachao, Mario and Costa, Karen B. and Pivel, Maria A. G.}
}
@article {651,
	title = {Quaternary depositional patterns and sea-level fluctuations, northeastern North Carolina},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {67},
	year = {2007},
	note = {131tvTimes Cited:18Cited References Count:56},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {83-99},
	abstract = {A detailed record of late Quaternary sea-level oscillations is preserved within the upper 45 in of deposits along an eight kin transect across Croatan Sound, a drowned tributary of the Roanoke/Albemarle drainage system, northeastern North Carolina. Drill-hole and seismic data reveal nine relatively complete sequences filling an antecedent valley comprised of discontinuous middle and early Pleistocene deposits. On interfluves, lithologically similar marine deposits of different sequences occur stacked in vertical succession and separated by ravinement surfaces. Within the paleo-drainage, marine deposits are separated by fluvial and/or estuarine sediments deposited during periods of lowered sea level. Foraminiferal and molluscan fossil assemblages indicate that marine facies were deposited in a shallow-marine embayment with open connection to shelf waters. Each sequence modifies or truncates portions of the preceding sequence or sequences. Sequence boundaries are the product of a combination of fluvial, estuarine, and marine erosional processes. Stratigraphic and age analyses constrain the ages of sequences to late Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6 and younger (similar to 140 ka to present), indicating multiple sea-level oscillations during this interval. Elevations of highstand deposits associated with late MIS 5 and MIS 3 imply that sea level was either similar to present during those times, or that the region may have been influenced by glacio-isostatic uplift and Subsidence. (c) 2006 University of Washington. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2006.07.003},
	author = {Parham, P. R. and Riggs, S. R. and Culver, S. J. and Mallinson, D. J. and Wehmiller, J. F.}
}
@article {1000,
	title = {Radiocarbon analysis confirms the annual nature of sagebrush growth rings},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {49},
	year = {2007},
	note = {258usTimes Cited:9Cited References Count:48},
	pages = {1231-1240},
	abstract = {In the Great Basin of North America, big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) growth rings can be used to reconstruct environmental changes with annual resolution in areas where there is otherwise little such information available. We tested the annual nature of big sagebrush wood layers using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating. Four cross-sections from 3 sagebrush plants were collected near Ely, Nevada, USA, and analyzed using dendrochronological methods. Ten C-14 measurements were then used to trace the location of the 1963-64 "bomb spike." Although the number of rings on each section did not exceed 60, crossdating was possible within a section and between sections. Years assigned to individual wood layers by means of crossdating aligned with their expected C-14 values, matching the location of the C-14 peak. This result confirmed the annual nature of growth rings formed by big sagebrush, and will facilitate the development of spatially explicit, well-replicated proxy records of environmental change, such as wildfire regimes, in Great Basin valleys.},
	issn = {0033-8222},
	url = {https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/3015/2773},
	author = {Biondi, F. and Strachan, S. D. J. and Mensing, S. and Piovesan, G.}
}
@article {1896,
	title = {Radiocarbon dating of a very large African baobab},
	journal = {Tree Physiology},
	volume = {27},
	year = {2007},
	note = {230afTimes Cited:35
Cited References Count:43
},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {1569-1574},
	abstract = {In late 2004, Grootboom, probably the largest known African baobab (Adansonia digitata L.), collapsed unexpectedly in northeastern Namibia. Ten wood samples collected from different areas of the trunk were processed and investigated by accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dating. The radiocarbon dates of three samples were greater than 1000 years BP (radiocarbon years before present, i.e., before AD 1950). The corresponding calibrated calendar age of the oldest sample was 1275 +/- 50 years, making Grootboom the oldest known angiosperm tree with reliable dating results. Variations in radiocarbon dates among the wood samples indicated that, morphologically, Grootboom was a quintuple tree, whereas genetically, it was a single individual. Ages of extreme lateral samples revealed that, over the past 500-600 years, Grootbooom had almost ceased growing, providing information about climate changes in central southern Africa. The sudden demise of Grootboom coincided with the spread of the poorly studied baobab disease, which has become epidemic in Namibia.},
	keywords = {Adansonia digitata, Age, Age determination, amazonia, c-14 content, cal kyr bp, Calibration, dendrochronology, dendroclimatology, holocene logs, location-dependent differences, southern-hemisphere, tasmanian conifers, Trees, tropical trees},
	isbn = {0829-318x},
	author = {Patrut, A. and von Reden, K. F. and Pohlman, J. W. and Wittmann, R. and Mitchell, C. S. and Lowy, D. A. and Alberts, A. H. and Gerlach, D. and Xu, L.}
}
@article {264,
	title = {Rapid sea level rise and ice sheet response to 8,200-year climate event},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {34},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 810; 225MA Times Cited:4 Cited References Count:32Y},
	abstract = {The largest abrupt climatic reversal of the Holocene interglacial, the cooling event 8.6 - 8.2 thousand years ago (ka), was probably caused by catastrophic release of glacial Lake Agassiz-Ojibway, which slowed Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and cooled global climate. Geophysical surveys and sediment cores from Chesapeake Bay reveal the pattern of sea level rise during this event. Sea level rose similar to 14 m between 9.5 to 7.5 ka, a pattern consistent with coral records and the ICE- 5G glacio-isostatic adjustment model. There were two distinct periods at similar to 8.9 - 8.8 and similar to 8.2 - 7.6 ka when Chesapeake marshes were drown as sea level rose rapidly at least similar to 12 mm yr(-1). The latter event occurred after the 8.6 - 8.2 ka cooling event, coincided with extreme warming and vigorous AMOC centered on 7.9 ka, and may have been due to Antarctic Ice Sheet decay.},
	issn = {0094-8276},
	doi = {10.1029/2007gl031318},
	author = {Cronin, T. M. and Vogt, P. R. and Willard, D. A. and Thunell, R. and Halka, J. and Berke, M. and Pohlman, J.}
}
@article {1909,
	title = {Reactivation of Coastal Dunes Documented by Subsurface Imaging of the Great Dune Ridge, Lithuania},
	journal = {Journal of Coastal Research},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Sp. Iss. 50V16hi
Times Cited:10
Cited References Count:30
},
	month = {2007},
	pages = {226-230},
	abstract = {Large coastal and inland dunefields often consist of multiple generations defined by periods of stability and reactivation. Where earlier phases of aeolian activity are masked by subsequent deposition, continuous high-resolution geophysical images help to reconstruct the history of landscape change. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) profiles from relict Holocene dunes on the northern Curonian Spit, Lithuania reveal distinct contacts between older deposits (barrier-spit facies, older aeolian strata, paleosols) and overlying dune sands. Early stages of dune migration began prior to 6,000 years B.P. followed by several periods of stabilisation and subsequent reactivation. Parabolic and transverse dunes, some attaining heights of 40-60 m, have migrated to the east in response to westerly winds from the Baltic Sea. In several places, similar to a number of sites in Northern Europe, the upper sections of large dunes have been deflated leaving near-horizontal exposures where subsurface imaging extends the continuity of key stratigraphic horizons. Within dune sequences, oblique lateral accretion surfaces indicate the direction of earlier migration phases and exhibit distinct meso-scale geometries. In GPR images and shallow trenches, buried slipfaces have dip angles varying from 10-15 degrees to 31-34 degrees, the latter being similar to the angle of repose maintained by modem unvegetated dunes. A series of cores taken through sequences of stacked buried slipfaces show little visible variation in sediment properties with depth, suggesting that minor changes in texture, mineralogy and grain packing may be responsible for individual reflections in geophysical records. Occasionally, laterally extensive horizons enriched in heavy minerals produce prominent subsurface reflections and are indicative of periods of increased wind activity.},
	keywords = {curonian spit, gpr, medieval, reflection geometry, slipface, truncation},
	isbn = {0749-0208},
	author = {Buynevich, I. and Bitinas, A. and Pupienis, D.}
}
@conference {1775,
	title = {Regional variability in the ages and reactivities of riverine dissolved and particulate organic matter exported to a temperate ocean margin},
	booktitle = {ASLO Aquatic Sciences Meeting},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 477},
	month = {2007},
	address = {Santa Fe, NM},
	author = {Bauer, J. E. and Raymond, P. A. and Cole, J. J. and Petsch, S. T. and Longworth, B. E. and Caraco, N. F. and Keesee, E. J.}
}
@article {1491,
	title = {Report of archaeological field research in 2006, including geological descriptions of archaeological locales},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 833Unpublished project report
},
	month = {2007},
	author = {Fitzhugh, B. and Etnier, M. and MacInnes, B. and Phillips, S. C. and Taylor, J. W.}
}
@article {581,
	title = {Salinity changes in the western tropical South Atlantic during the last 30 kyr},
	journal = {Global and Planetary Change},
	volume = {57},
	year = {2007},
	note = {181bjTimes Cited:28Cited References Count:59},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {383-395},
	abstract = {The hydrographic changes in the western tropical South Atlantic during the last 30 kyr were reconstructed based in the faunal and isotopic analyses of planktonic foraminifera of three cores taken along the Brazilian Continental Margin between 14 degrees S and 25 degrees S. The application of the SIMMAX-MAT method on faunal counts data provided the sea surface temperature estimates. Sea surface salinity estimates were based on the oxygen isotope composition of Globigerinoides ruber (white). Additionally, the abundance record of the planktonic foraminifera Globorotalia truncatulinoides (right) was used as a proxy for vertical mixing of surface waters. Sea surface temperature estimates suggest a relative stability of the area during the last 30 kyr. However, significant changes in the isotopic composition of G. ruber (white) suggest that the isotopic signal is dominated by the influence of sea surface salinity changes. The observed salinity changes are related to both the local hydrological balance and global circulation. Orbital forcing and sea surface salinity changes were responsible for considerable changes in the stability of the upper water column and consequently in the depth of the mixed layer, as indicated by the abundance record of G. truncatulinoides (right). (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0921-8181},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gloplacha.2007.01.001},
	author = {Toledo, F. A. L. and Costa, K. B. and Pivel, M. A. G.}
}
@article {438,
	title = {Sea-level history of the Gulf of Mexico since the Last Glacial Maximum with implications for the melting history of the Laurentide Ice Sheet},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {26},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 2038; PT: J; UT: WOS:000248732200007},
	pages = {920-940},
	abstract = {Sea-level records from the Gulf of Mexico at the Last Glacial Maximum, 20 ka, are up to 35 m higher than time-equivalent sea-level records from equatorial regions. The most popular hypothesis for explaining this disparity has been uplift due to the forebulge created by loading from Mississippi River sediments. Using over 50 new radiocarbon dates as well as existing published data obtained from shallowmarine deposits within the northern Gulf of Mexico and numerical models simulating the impact of loading due to the Mississippi Fan and glacio-hydro-isostasy, we test several possible explanations for this sea-level disparity.. We find that neither a large radiocarbon reservoir, sedimentary loading due to the Mississippi Fan, nor large-scale regional uplift can explain this disparity. We do find that with an appropriate model for the Laurentide Ice Sheet, the observations from the Gulf of Mexico can be explained by the process of glaciohydro-isostasy. Our analysis suggests that in order to explain this disparity one must consider a Laurentide Ice Sheet reconstruction with less ice from 15 ka to its disappearance 6 ka and more ice from the Last Glacial Maximum to 15 ka than some earlier models have suggested. This supports a Laurentide contribution to meltwater pulse 1-A, which could not have come entirely from its southern sector. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.01.001},
	author = {Simms, Alexander R. and Lambeck, Kurt and Purcell, Anthony and Anderson, John B. and Rodriguez, Antonio B.}
}
@article {500,
	title = {Sedimentary iron cycling and the origin and preservation of magnetization in platform carbonate muds, Andros Island, Bahamas},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {259},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 787; 197DX Times Cited:9 Cited References Count:47Y},
	pages = {581-598},
	abstract = {Carbonate muds deposited on continental shelves are abundant and well-preserved throughout the geologic record because shelf strata are difficult to subduct and peritidal carbonate units often form thick, theologically strong units that resist penetrative deformation. Much of what we know about pre-Mesozoic ocean chemistry, carbon cycling, and global change is derived from isotope and trace element geochemistry of platform carbonates. Paleomagnetic data from the same sediments would be invaluable, placing records of paleolatitude, paleogeography, and perturbations to the geomagnetic field in the context and relative chronology of chemostratigraphy. To investigate the depositional and early diagenetic processes that contribute to magneitzation in carbonates, we surveyed over 500 core and surface samples of peritidal, often microbially bound carbonate muds spanning the last similar to 1000 yr and deposited on top of Pleistocene aeolianites in the Triple Goose Creek region of northwest Andros Island, Bahamas. Sedimentological, geochemical, magnetic and ferromagnetic resonance properties divide the sediment columns into three biogeochemical zones. In the upper sediments, the dominant magnetic mineral is magnetite, produced by magnetotactic bacteria and dissimiliatory microbial iron metabolism. At lower depths, above or near mean tide level, microbial iron reduction dissolves most of the magnetic particles in the sediment. In some cores, magnetic iron sulfides precipitate in a bottom zone of sulfate reduction, likely coupled to the oxidation of decaying mangrove roots. The remanent magnetization preserved in all oriented samples appears indistinguishable from the modem local geomagnetic field, which reflects the post-depositional origin of magnetic particles in the lower zone of the parasequence. While we cannot comment on the effects of late-stage diagenesis or metamorphism on remanence in carbonates, we postulate that early-cemented, thin-laminated parasequence tops in ancient peritidal carbonates are mostly likely to preserve syn-depositional paleomagnetic directions and magnetofossil stratigraphies. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.},
	issn = {0012-821X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2007.05.021},
	author = {Maloof, A. C. and Kopp, R. E. and Grotzinger, J. P. and Fike, D. A. and Bosak, T. and Vali, H. and Poussart, P. M. and Weiss, B. P. and Kirschvink, J. L.}
}
@article {725,
	title = {Stable carbon isotope compositions of Eastern Beringian grasses and sedges: Investigating their potential as paleoenvironmental indicators},
	journal = {Arctic Antarctic and Alpine Research},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2007},
	note = {170fwTimes Cited:20Cited References Count:73},
	month = {May},
	pages = {318-331},
	abstract = {The nature of vegetation cover present in Beringia during the last glaciation remains unclear. Uncertainty rests partly with the limitations of conventional paleoecological methods. A lack of sufficient taxonomic resolution most notably associated with the grasses and sedges restricts the paleoccological inferences that can be made. Stable isotope measurements of subfossil plants are frequently used to enhance paleoenvironmental reconstructions. We present an investigation of the stable carbon isotope composition (delta C-13) of modern and subfossil grasses and sedges (graminoids) from Eastern Beringia. Modern grasses from wet habitats had a mean delta C-13 of -29.1 parts per thousand. (standard deviation [SD] = 2.1 parts per thousand, n = 75), while those from dry habitats had a mean of -26.9 parts per thousand (SD = 1.19, n = 27). Sedges (n = -50) from dry, wet, marsh, and sand dune habitats had specific habitat ranges. Four modern C-4 grasses had delta C-13 values typical Of C4 plants. Analyses were also conducted using subfossil graminoid remains from several sedimentary paleoecological contexts (e.g., arctic ground squirrel nests, loess, permafrost, and paleosols) in Eastern Beringia. Results from these subfossil samples, ranging in age from > 40,000 to ca. 11,000 cal. yr BP, illustrate that the delta C-13 of graminoid remains has altered during the past. The range of variation in the subfossil samples is within the range from modern graminoid specimens from dry and wet habitats. The results indicate that stable isotopes could contribute to a comprehensive and multiproxy reconstruction of Beringian paleoenvironments.},
	issn = {1523-0430},
	doi = {10.1657/1523-0430(2007)39[318:Scicoe]2.0.Co;2},
	author = {Wooller, M. J. and Zazula, G. D. and Edwards, M. and Froese, D. G. and Boone, R. D. and Parker, C. and Bennett, B.}
}
@article {275,
	title = {A study of secondary organic aerosol formation in the anthropogenic-influenced southeastern United States},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres},
	volume = {112},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 788; 187XB Times Cited:47 Cited References Count:39Y},
	abstract = {[1] The formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in an anthropogenic-influenced region in the southeastern United States is investigated by a comparison with urban plumes in the northeast. The analysis is based on measurements of fine-particle organic compounds soluble in water (WSOC) as a measure of secondary organic aerosol. Aircraft measurements over a large area of northern Georgia, including the Atlanta metropolitan region, and in plumes from New York City and surrounding urban regions in the northeast show that fine-particle WSOC are spatially correlated with vehicle emission tracers (e.g., CO), yet the measurements indicate that vehicles do not directly emit significant particulate WSOC. In addition to being correlated, WSOC concentrations were in similar proportions to anthropogenic tracers in both regions, despite biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that were on average 10-100 times higher over northern Georgia. In contrast, radiocarbon analysis on WSOC extracted from integrated filters deployed in Atlanta suggests that roughly 70-80\% of the carbon in summertime WSOC is modern. If both findings are valid, the combined results indicate that in northern Georgia, fine-particle WSOC was secondary and formed through a process that involves mainly modern biogenic VOCs but which is strongly linked to an anthropogenic component that may largely control the mass of SOA formed. Independent of the radiocarbon results, a strong association between SOA and anthropogenic sources has implications for control strategies in urban regions with large biogenic VOC emissions.},
	issn = {0148-0227},
	doi = {10.1029/2007jd008408},
	author = {Weber, R. J. and Sullivan, A. P. and Peltier, R. E. and Russell, A. and Yan, B. and Zheng, M. and de Gouw, J. and Warneke, C. and Brock, C. and Holloway, J. S. and Atlas, E. L. and Edgerton, E.}
}
@article {2444,
	title = {A study of secondary organic aerosol formation in the anthropogenic-influenced southeastern United States},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres},
	volume = {112},
	year = {2007},
	note = {263D13302
},
	month = {Jul},
	abstract = {[1] The formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in an anthropogenic-influenced region in the southeastern United States is investigated by a comparison with urban plumes in the northeast. The analysis is based on measurements of fine-particle organic compounds soluble in water (WSOC) as a measure of secondary organic aerosol. Aircraft measurements over a large area of northern Georgia, including the Atlanta metropolitan region, and in plumes from New York City and surrounding urban regions in the northeast show that fine-particle WSOC are spatially correlated with vehicle emission tracers (e.g., CO), yet the measurements indicate that vehicles do not directly emit significant particulate WSOC. In addition to being correlated, WSOC concentrations were in similar proportions to anthropogenic tracers in both regions, despite biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that were on average 10-100 times higher over northern Georgia. In contrast, radiocarbon analysis on WSOC extracted from integrated filters deployed in Atlanta suggests that roughly 70-80\% of the carbon in summertime WSOC is modern. If both findings are valid, the combined results indicate that in northern Georgia, fine-particle WSOC was secondary and formed through a process that involves mainly modern biogenic VOCs but which is strongly linked to an anthropogenic component that may largely control the mass of SOA formed. Independent of the radiocarbon results, a strong association between SOA and anthropogenic sources has implications for control strategies in urban regions with large biogenic VOC emissions.},
	keywords = {AMBIENT AEROSOL, atmosphere, C-14, emissions, evolution, GASOLINE, OXIDATION, PARTICLES, RATIOS, ZURICH},
	isbn = {2169-897X},
	doi = {10.1029/2007JD008408},
	author = {Weber, R. J. and Sullivan, A. P. and Peltier, R. E. and Russell, A. and Yan, B. and Zheng, M. and de Gouw, J. and Warneke, C. and Brock, C. and Holloway, J. S. and Atlas, E. L. and Edgerton, E.}
}
@inbook {1447,
	title = {Submarine canyon and fan systems of the California Continental Borderland, Chapter 3-7},
	booktitle = {Earth Science in the Urban Ocean: The Southern California Contental Borderlands},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 992},
	month = {2007},
	author = {Normark, W. R. and Piper, D. J. W. and Romans, B. W. and Covault, J. A. and Dartnell, P. and Sliter, R. W.},
	editor = {Paper, Geological Society of America Special}
}
@article {1890,
	title = {Ultra-microscale analysis of lipids by 14C-AMS: Assessment and correction for sample processing blanks},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {49},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 501},
	month = {2007},
	pages = {69-82},
	author = {Shah, S. R. and Pearson, A.}
}
@conference {1824,
	title = {Variability of major carbon pools in the Mississippi River: importance of tributary inputs and regional land use on carbon and organic matter biogeochemistry},
	booktitle = {ASLO Aquatic Sciences Meeting},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 484},
	month = {2007},
	address = {Santa Fe, NM},
	author = {Perkey, D. W. and Bauer, J. E. and Keesee, E. J.}
}
@article {1528,
	title = {The ARCADIA cruise: Assessing long-term changes in tropical reef coral distribution along the Atlantic Continental Margin, southeastern United States},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 1103},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {14 pp},
	address = {Silver Spring, MD},
	author = {Piniak, G. A.}
}
@article {1912,
	title = {Carbon flow in salt marsh sediments: Natural-level radiocarbon as a tracer for incorporation of petroleum-derived carbon into bacteria},
	journal = {Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta},
	volume = {70},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 762},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {1761-1771},
	author = {Wakeham, S. G. and McNichol, A. P. and Kostka, J. and Pease, T. K.}
}
@article {680,
	title = {Carbon stable isotope composition of DNA isolated from an incipient paleosol},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {34},
	year = {2006},
	note = {039nnTimes Cited:4Cited References Count:19},
	month = {May},
	pages = {381-384},
	abstract = {We determined the carbon isotope (delta(13)C) value of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) isolated from the organic horizons of a Delaware soil that is actively being covered by an encroaching sand dune. The soil belongs to a Nymphaea odorata Ait. (water lily) wetland, and we regard its active acquisition of a thick (similar to 24 cm) surface mantle to embody the process of palleopedogenesis; therefore, we have termed it an "incipient paleosol." In this study, we compared the delta(13)C value of paleosoll dsDNA to the bulk delta(13)C value of N. odorata, as well as to the delta(13)C value of plants that had colonized the surface mantle. The isotopic offset between palleosol delta(13)C(dsDNA) and N. odorata delta(13)Ca(tissue) was identical to the relationship between delta(13)C(dsDNA) and delta(13)C(tissue) for tracheophytes, which we had previously determined. In contrast, the isotopic offset between paleosol delta(13)C(dsDNA) and the delta(13)C(tissue) of plants colonizing the surface mantle differed from this relationship by as much as 41\%. Similarly, the delta(13)C value of bulk palleosoll organic matter was extremely heterogeneous and varied across 6\%. All palleosol DNA pollymerase chain reaction (PCR) products produced clear, sharp, 350 base-pair (bp) fragments of rbcL, a gene shared by all photosynthetic organisms. These results open the exciting possibility that stable isotope analysis of dsDNA isolated from palleosol organic matter can be used to infer the delta(13)C value of the plant that dominated the nucleic acid contribution.},
	issn = {0091-7613},
	doi = {10.1130/G22408.1},
	author = {Jahren, A. H. and Kelm, K. and Wendland, B. and Petersen, G. and Seberg, O.}
}
@conference {1588,
	title = {The Chilean Fjords},
	booktitle = {Abstracts, EGU General Assembly},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 561},
	month = {2006},
	address = {Vienna, Austria},
	author = {Lange, C. B. and Pantoja, S. and Sepulveda, J. and Rebolledo, L. and Smith-Wellner, J. and Anderson, J. B. and Hughen, K. A.}
}
@article {1530,
	title = {Determination of carbon dioxide, hydrographic and chemical parameters during the R/V Nathaniel B. Palmer cruise in the southern Indian Ocean (WOCE section S041)},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 1053},
	month = {2006},
	author = {Takahashi, R. and Millero, F. J. and Key, R. M. and Chipman, D. and Peltola, E. and Rubin, S. and Sweeney, C. and Sutherland, S.}
}
@conference {1622,
	title = {Elemental and isotopic characterization of organic matter and carbon in the South Atlantic bight, a net heterotrophic ocean margin},
	booktitle = {Ocean Sciences Meeting},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 481},
	month = {2006},
	address = {Honolulu, HI},
	author = {De Alteris, J. and Bauer, J. E. and Perkey, D. W. and Keesee, E. J. and Cai, W. J.}
}
@article {591,
	title = {Evaluation of ageing accuracy of bocaccio (Sebastes paucispinis) rockfish using bomb radiocarbon},
	journal = {Fisheries Research},
	volume = {77},
	year = {2006},
	note = {011qtTimes Cited:10Cited References Count:40},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {200-206},
	abstract = {The accuracy of bocaccio rockfish age assignments was evaluated using radiocarbon levels measured in otoliths collected from fish taken off the coast of Washington state (USA). Otoliths from 24 randomly selected fish with estimated birth years from 1950 to 1977, based on paired otolith age estimates, were used in this study. The level of radiocarbon measured in the core of each otolith was compared to a reference radiocarbon chronology based on radiocarbon levels in otoliths from known-age Pacific halibut. The degree of graphical phase correspondence between the two series was sufficient to support the hypothesis that the annuli were formed yearly in bocaccio otoliths but were somewhat difficult to identify. Statistical analysis of the ageing errors could not document a bias in production ageing of bocaccio. Pre-bomb radiocarbon levels measured in otolith cores confirm that bocaccio can live at least 37 years. Published by Elsevier B.V.},
	issn = {0165-7836},
	doi = {10.1016/j.fishres.2005.10.003},
	author = {Piner, K. R. and Wallace, J. R. and Hamel, O. S. and Mikus, R.}
}
@article {932,
	title = {Geomorphologic controls on the age of particulate organic carbon from small mountainous and upland rivers},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2006},
	note = {082xbTimes Cited:78Cited References Count:77},
	month = {Sep 9},
	pages = {1-11},
	abstract = {To assess the role that erosion processes play in governing the character of particulate organic carbon (POC) discharged from small mountainous and upland rivers, a suite of watersheds from Oregon, California, and New Zealand was investigated. The rivers share similar geology, tectonic setting, and climate, but have sediment yields that range over 3 orders of magnitude. The (14)C age of the POC loads is highly correlated with sediment yield. Carbon isotope mass balances reveal that the rivers carry bimodal mixtures of modern-plant-and ancient-rock-derived OC. At lower yields, modern plant OC dominates the material delivered to the river by sheetwash and shallow landsliding. With increasing yield, a progressively larger part of the POC is contributed directly from bedrock erosion via deep gully incision. Our results support the inference that active margin watersheds are important sources of aged POC to the ocean.},
	keywords = {14C, kerogen recycling, particulate organic carbon},
	issn = {0886-6236},
	doi = {10.1029/2005GB002677},
	author = {Leithold, E. L. and Blair, N. E. and Perkey, D. W.}
}
@conference {1638,
	title = {A geostatistical approach to watershed sources of aged riverine organic matter to the Hudson-Mohawk River system},
	booktitle = {American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 483},
	month = {2006},
	address = {San Francisco, CA},
	author = {Longworth, B. E. and Petsch, S. T. and Raymond, P. A. and Bauer, J. E.}
}
@inbook {1451,
	title = {Hudson River Paleoecology from Marshes},
	booktitle = {Hudson River Fishes and their Environment.},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 1165},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {113-128},
	publisher = {American Fisheries Society Monograph},
	organization = {American Fisheries Society Monograph},
	author = {Peteet, D. and Pederson, D. and Kurdyla, D. and Guilderson, T.},
	editor = {Waldman, J. R.}
}
@article {1940,
	title = {Human Impacts on Rapa, French Polynesia},
	journal = {Antiquity},
	volume = {80},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 1020},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {340-354},
	author = {Kennett, D. J. and Anderson, A. and Prebble, M. and Conte, E. and Southon, J.}
}
@conference {1656,
	title = {Investigating the temperoral relationship between the synthesis and sediment incorporation of vascular plant biomarkers using molecular level 14C analysis},
	booktitle = {EOS Abstracts, 2006 AGU Ocean Sciences Meeting},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 562},
	month = {2006},
	address = {Honolulu, HI},
	author = {Drenzek, N. and Poussart, P. and Lima, A. L. and Hughens, K. and Reddy, C. and Eglinton, T. I.}
}
@conference {1665,
	title = {Late Holocene climate variability of South America reconstructed by a multi-proxy analysis of Chilean fjord sediments},
	booktitle = {Abstracts, EGU General Assembly},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 560},
	month = {2006},
	address = {Vienna, Austria},
	author = {Bertrand, S. and Hughen, K. A. and Giosan, L. and Tierney, J. and Sepfulveda, J. and Pantoja, S.}
}
@article {1911,
	title = {Natural abundance radiocarbon as a tracer of assimilation of petrolleum carbon by bacteria in salt marsh sediments},
	journal = {Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta},
	volume = {70},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 520},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {1761-1771},
	author = {Wakeham, S. G. and McNichol, A. P. and Kostka, J. and Pease, T. K.}
}
@article {585,
	title = {Natural-abundance radiocarbon as a tracer of assimilation of petroleum carbon by bacteria in salt marsh sediments},
	journal = {Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {70},
	year = {2006},
	note = {030olTimes Cited:27Cited References Count:65},
	month = {Apr 1},
	pages = {1761-1771},
	abstract = {The natural abundance of radiocarbon ((14)C) provides unique insight into the source and cycling of sedimentary organic matter. Radiocarbon analysis of bacterial phospholipid lipid fatty acids (PLFAs) in salt-marsh sediments of southeast Georgia (USA)-one heavily contaminated by petroleum residues-was used to assess the fate of petroleum-derived carbon in sediments and incorporation of fossil carbon into microbial biomass. PLFAs that are common components of eubacterial cell membranes (e.g., branched C(15) and C(17), 10-methyl-C(16)) were depleted in (14)C in the contaminated sediment (mean Delta(14)C value of +25 +/- 19 parts per thousand for bacterial PLFAs) relative to PLFAs in uncontaminated "control" sediment (Delta(14)C = +101 +/- 12 parts per thousand). We suggest that the (14)C-depletion in bacterial PLFAs at the contaminated site results from microbial metabolism of petroleum and subsequent incorporation of petroleum-derived carbon into bacterial membrane lipids. A mass balance calculation indicates that 6-10\% of the carbon in bacterial PLFAs at the oiled site could derive from petroleum residues. These results demonstrate that even weathered petroleum may contain components of sufficient lability to be a carbon source for biomass production by marsh sediment microorganisms. Furthermore, a small but significant fraction of fossil carbon is assimilated even in the presence of a much larger pool of presumably more-labile and faster-cycling carbon substrates. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2005.12.020},
	author = {Wakeham, S. G. and McNichol, A. P. and Kostka, J. E. and Pease, T. K.}
}
@article {1022,
	title = {Non-pollen palynomorphs from organic deposits of Posidonia oceanica: a new tool for palaeoenvironmental studies in marine peat-like deposits},
	journal = {Palyno-Bulletin},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 2005},
	pages = {38-40},
	abstract = {The in situ accumulation of large quantities of biogenic materials over millennia is very relevant and occurs only in a limited number of ecosystems. Peat bogs are probably the bestknown example among terrestrial ecosystems (e.g. Aaby \& Berglund, 1986) and coral reefs among marine ecosystems (e.g. Clausen \& Roth, 1975). In situ organic accumulations in the marine environment are rare, having been described for mangroves and seagrass species. The Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica accumulates large quantities of organic debris. Roots, rhizomes and leaf sheaths are progressively buried fonning a bioconstruction called {\textquoteright}matte{\textquoteright}. The organic material remains with little morphological alteration for millennia (Mateo et aI. , 1997), constitnting a marine peat-like deposit with a great interest from a palaeoenvironmental point of view. The present paper evaluates the palaeoecological potential of the organic deposits generated by the marine phanerogame Posidonia oceanica in the Bay of Port Lligat, Girona, NE Spain. This stndy discusses the detailed evolution of the vegetation in the landscape of the area.},
	author = {L{\'o}pez-S{\'a}ez, J. A. and L{\'o}pez-Garc{\'\i}a, P. and Pozuelo, R. and Mateo, M. A. and Renom, P. and Garrido, D.}
}
@article {1960,
	title = {The North Anatolian fault in the Gulf of Izmit (Turkey): Rapid vertical motion in response to minor bends of a non-vertical continental transform},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research},
	volume = {111},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 532},
	month = {2006},
	author = {Cormier, M. H. and Seeber, L. and McHugh, C. M. G. and Polonia, A. and Cagatay, M. N. and Emre, O. and Gasperini, L. and Gorur, N. and Bortoluzzi, G. and Bonatti, E. and Ryan, W. B. F. and Newman, K. R.}
}
@article {1349,
	title = {Paleotsunami deposits in coastal lagoons, Sri Lanka: Are tsunamis always sedimentologically important events?},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 664},
	month = {2006},
	publisher = {EOS Trans. AGU Fall Meeting Suppl. Abstracts},
	author = {Jackson, K. L. and Rankey, E. C. and Eberli, G. P. and Amelung, F. and Andres, M. S. and Peterson, L. C. and Swart, P. K. and Jayasena, H. A. H. and Kehelpannala, K. V. W.}
}
@article {1929,
	title = {Pedological properties of the eroding coastline along the Beaufort Sea, Alaska},
	journal = {Eos Trans. AGU Fall Meeting Supplement},
	volume = {87},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 1002},
	month = {2006},
	author = {Ping, C. L. and Dou, F. and Jorgenson, G. and Michaelson, J. and Lynn, L. A. and Shur, Y. and Kanevsky, M.}
}
@article {1942,
	title = {Quantifying archaeal community autotrophy in the mesopelogic ocean using natural radiocarbon},
	journal = {Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA},
	volume = {103},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 502},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {6442-6447},
	author = {Ingalls, A. E. and Shah, S. R. and Hansman, R. L. and Aluwihare, L. I. and Santos, G. M. and Druffel, E. R. M. and Pearson, A.}
}
@article {1923,
	title = {Rapid subsidence and sedimentation from oblique slip near a bend on the North Anatolian transform fault in the Marmara Sea, Turkey},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {34},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 533},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {933-936},
	author = {Seer, L. and Cormier, M. H. and McHugh, C. and Emre, O. and Polonia, A. and Sorlien, C.}
}
@article {1948,
	title = {Rotasonic vibracores from northeastern North Carolina, cores OBX-10 through OBX-18},
	journal = {NCGS Open-file Report},
	volume = {II},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 704},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {1 CD ROM},
	author = {Hoffman, C. W. and Farrell, K. M. and Pierson, J. A. and Ward, A. N. and Nickerson, J. G. and Brooks, R. W. and Ganey, J. G.}
}
@article {1930,
	title = {Sea surface temperatures of southern middle-latitudes 0-160 by BP},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {21},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 591},
	month = {2006},
	author = {Pahnke, K. and Sachs, J. P.}
}
@article {706,
	title = {Sea-level and tectonic control of middle to late Pleistocene turbidite systems in Santa Monica Basin, offshore California},
	journal = {Sedimentology},
	volume = {53},
	year = {2006},
	note = {063ieTimes Cited:24Cited References Count:38},
	month = {Aug},
	pages = {867-897},
	abstract = {Small turbidite systems offshore from southern California provide an opportunity to track sediment from river source through the turbidity-current initiation process to ultimate deposition, and to evaluate the impact of changing sea level and tectonics. The Santa Monica Basin is almost a closed system for terrigenous sediment input, and is supplied principally from the Santa Clara River. The Hueneme fan is supplied directly by the river, whereas the smaller Mugu and Dume fans are nourished by southward longshore drift. This study of the Late Quaternary turbidite fill of the Santa Monica Basin uses a dense grid of high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles tied to new radiocarbon ages for Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1015 back to 32 ka. Over the last glacial cycle, sedimentation rates in the distal part of Santa Monica Basin averaged 2-3 mm yr(-1), with increases at times of extreme relative sea-level lowstand. Coarser-grained mid-fan lobes prograded into the basin from the Hueneme, Mugu and Dume fans at times of rapid sea-level fall. These pulses of coarse-grained sediment resulted from river channel incision and delta cannibalization. During the extreme lowstand of the last glacial maximum, sediment delivery was concentrated on the Hueneme Fan, with mean depositional rates of up to 13 mm yr(-1) on the mid- and upper fan. During the marine isotope stage (MIS) 2 transgression, enhanced rates of sedimentation of > 4 mm yr(-1) occurred on the Mugu and Dume fans, as a result of distributary switching and southward littoral drift providing nourishment to these fan systems. Longer-term sediment delivery to Santa Monica Basin was controlled by tectonics. Prior to MIS 10, the Anacapa ridge blocked the southward discharge of the Santa Clara River into the Santa Monica Basin. The pattern and distribution of turbidite sedimentation was strongly controlled by sea level through the rate of supply of coarse sediment and the style of initiation of turbidity currents. These two factors appear to have been more important than the absolute position of sea level.},
	issn = {0037-0746},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-3091.2006.00797.x},
	author = {Normark, W. R. and Piper, D. J. W. and Sliter, R.}
}
@article {1913,
	title = {Sedimentology, physical properties and age of mass transport deposits associated with the Marques de Pombal Fault, Southwest Portuguese Margin},
	journal = {Norwegian Journal of Geology},
	volume = {86},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 623},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {177-186},
	author = {Vizcaino, Alexis and Gracia, Eulalia and Pallas, Raimon and Garcia-Orellana, Jordi and Escutia, Carlota and Casas, David and Willmott, Veronica and Diez, Susana and Asioli, Alessandra and Danobeitia, Juanjo}
}
@conference {1790,
	title = {Sources age and composition of dissolved and particulate organic matter delivered to a passive margin river system},
	booktitle = {ASLO/AGU Ocean Science Meeting},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 485},
	month = {2006},
	address = {Honolulu, HI},
	author = {Petsch, S. T. and Gordon, E. S. and Longworth, B. E. and Schillawki, S. E. and Raymond, P. A.}
}
@article {593,
	title = {Submarine earthquake geology along the North Anatolia Fault in the Marmara Sea, Turkey: A model for transform basin sedimentation},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {248},
	year = {2006},
	note = {085kgTimes Cited:55Cited References Count:98},
	month = {Aug 30},
	pages = {661-684},
	abstract = {The submerged portions of the North Anatolia Fault system beneath the Marmara Sea were studied with high-resolution multibeam bathymetry, subbottom profiling and sediment cores. The major objectives were to learn about the seismic and tectonic history of the fault from the stratigraphic record at a scale similar to paleoseismic studies on land and to develop tools for submarine earthquake geology that can be applied to fault-controlled basins in general. We focused on Holocene sediment in several Marmara Sea basins of different sizes. The approach was to test whether: (1) the depocenters of the larger basins contain a record of all historic Ms > 7 earthquakes within the Marmara Sea region; (2) the small transform basins record earthquakes that rupture through them; (3) vertical and strike-slip Holocene deformation can be quantified; and (4) the effects of an earthquake generally includes both primary structural features due to rupture of the sea floor, such as strata offset, scarps and tilting, as well as secondary effects due to shaking, such as mass-wasting and gravitational flows. We found evidence of earthquakes that we correlate with historic events in 181 AD, 740 AD, 1063 AD, 1343 AD, 1509 AD, 1766 AD, 1894 AD and 1912 AD. The geologic evidence is primarily from those basins adjacent to the rupture as inferred from historic data. This suggests that coseismic deformation of the sea floor along the rupture is a critical factor in the sedimentary record. We propose a qualitative sedimentation model that relates this coseismic deformation to mass-wasting of the slope, scour of the basin floor, seiche motions and homogenite deposition. Frequent earthquake activity sheds sediments from the flanks, contributes to the much thicker sediment on the basin floor and decreases the likelihood of sediment failures in response to normal marine gravity-driven processes. The surveying techniques and approaches used have therefore the potential of documenting earthquake ruptures of fault segments and to extend the earthquake record far before the known history, thus improving hazard evaluations and the fundamental understanding of earthquake process. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0012-821x},
	doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2006.05.038},
	author = {McHugh, C. M. G. and Seeber, L. and Cormier, M. H. and Dutton, J. and Cagatay, N. and Polonia, A. and Ryan, W. B. F. and Gorur, N.}
}
@article {707,
	title = {Tracking the weathering of an oil spill with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography},
	journal = {Environmental Forensics},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2006},
	note = {032ldTimes Cited:62Cited References Count:21},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {33-44},
	abstract = {Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC x GC) was used to investigate the Bouchard 120 oil spill. The latter occurred on April 25, 2003, when the barge Bouchard 120 spilled similar to 375,000 liters of No. 6 fuel oil into Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts. In order to gain a better understanding of the natural processes affecting the fate of the spilled product, we collected and analyzed oil-covered rocks from Nyes Neck beach in North Falmouth, Massachusetts. Here we discuss the data from samples collected on May 9, 2003, and six months later, on November 23, 2003. Along with standard two-dimensional gas chromatographic analysis, we employed unique data-visualization techniques such as difference, ratio, and addition chromatograms to highlight how evaporation, water washing, and biodegradation weathered the spilled oil. These approaches provide a new perspective to studying oil spills and aid attempts to remediate them.},
	issn = {1527-5922},
	doi = {10.1080/15275920500506758},
	author = {Nelson, R. K. and Kile, B. M. and Plata, D. L. and Sylva, S. P. and Xu, L. and Reddy, C. M. and Gaines, R. B. and Frysinger, G. S. and Reichenbach, S. E.}
}
@article {1998,
	title = {Age and origin of Late Quaternary eolianite, Kaiehu Point (Moomomi), Molokai, Hawaii},
	journal = {Journal of Coastal Research},
	volume = {SI},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Sp. Iss. 42947fu
Times Cited:3
Cited References Count:50
},
	month = {Spr},
	pages = {97-112},
	abstract = {A well-preserved, vertically stacked succession of two genetically distinct eolianites and associated caliche paleosol units, capped by modern and Holocene coastal dunes, occurs at Kaiehu Point, west Molokai, Hawaii. The Pleistocene eolianite facies comprise well-cemented, medium grained skeletal carbonate sand and their morphostratigraphic context implies formation at times of lower than present sea level. Amino acid racernization (AAR) evidence suggests eolianite formation late in marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (OIS) 5, but lacks the precision to uniquely define in which isotopic substage the deposits formed. Coupled with the AAR results, the morphostratigraphic evidence, would suggest that the Lower Eolianite formed in OIS 5c and the Middle Eolianite during 5a with their superposed caliche paleosols having formed in subsequent stadial stages. The unconsolidated coastal sand dunes of Holocene age contain reworked Late Pleistocene skeletal carbonate sand based on AAR evidence. The most likely source of the reworked carbonate is from the erosion of the eolianites at Kaiehu Point. The Pleistocene eolianite-caliche paleosol sediments reveal variable Mg-content, stable isotope ratios and petrological characteristics consistent with changing degrees of weathering intensity and meteoric diagenesis. These changes are attributed to orographic effects resulting from relative sea-level changes. Accordingly, a two-phase model is favored for the formation of the eolianite-paleosol successions at Kaiehu Point, west Molokai. Eolianite sedimentation is initiated at times of marginally lower sea levels promoting the landward migration of bioclastic sand to form extensive eolian sandsheets. This is followed by a more pronounced phase of pedogenesis associated with a further fall in sea level and concomitant increased rainfall due to enhanced orographic effects.},
	keywords = {Amino acid racemization, aminostratigraphy, bermuda, carbonate lithofacies, cementation, cliche paleosols, eolianite, hawaii, island, Late Quaternary, limestone petrology, Marine, molokai, oahu, precipitation, sea level, sea-level, south-australia, Stable isotopes, stratigraphy},
	isbn = {0749-0208},
	author = {Fletcher, C. H. and Murray-Wallace, C. V. and Glenn, C. R. and Sherman, C. E. and Popp, B. and Hessler, A.}
}
@article {676,
	title = {Age validation of canary rockfish (Sebastes pinniger) from off the Oregon coast (USA) using the bomb radiocarbon method},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences},
	volume = {62},
	year = {2005},
	note = {932zxTimes Cited:27Cited References Count:27},
	month = {May},
	pages = {1060-1066},
	abstract = {The alternating translucent and opaque banding pattern in canary rockfish (Sebastes pinniger) otoliths, aged using a break-and-burn methodology, are annual markings. To validate age assignment, we compared measured radiocarbon levels in canary rockfish otolith cores with a reference chronology developed from known age Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis). An average 2- to 3-year phase shift was detected between the canary rockfish and a Pacific halibut reference chronology that was likely the result of differences in the regional oceanography or underageing bias. The assumption of ageing bias consistency was tested with two sampling designs. The first design controled for age-related ageing error, and the second design related birth year to estimated age. No change in the magnitude of ageing bias as a function of age was detected.},
	issn = {0706-652x},
	doi = {10.1139/F05-082},
	author = {Piner, K. R. and Hamel, O. S. and Menkel, J. L. and Wallace, J. R. and Hutchinson, C. E.}
}
@article {586,
	title = {Bacterial incorporation of relict carbon in the hydrothermal environment of Guaymas Basin},
	journal = {Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {69},
	year = {2005},
	note = {999tpTimes Cited:36Cited References Count:69},
	month = {Dec 1},
	pages = {5477-5486},
	abstract = {Radiocarbon analyses of bulk carbon and individual organic compounds are presented for the hydrothermal environment of the Rebecca{\textquoteright}s Roost vent in the southern trough of the Guaymas Basin hydrothermal field. The Delta(14)C values of CO, and CH4 in the hottest hydrothermal fluids (317 degrees C) are nearly "radiocarbon dead" (-944 parts per thousand and -923 parts per thousand, respectively). In contrast, the Delta(14)C values of sediments and individual fatty acids (-418 parts per thousand to -227 parts per thousand) obtained from a bacterial mat located south of the vent site are similar to values previously reported for hydrothermal petroleum in this environment and are more depleted in C-14 than overlying waters. Hydrothermal fluids moving through the sediments appear to supply C-14 of intermediate age to the bacteria. This carbon may take the form of, or may be supplied by processes similar to, the generation of hydrothermal petroleum. Although the bacterial mat visibly was dominated by Beggiatoa spp., such mats are known to include numerous other species. Individual compound data show that preaged carbon is being consumed by the integrated bacterial assemblage. Values of delta(13)C and Delta(14)C indicate that petroleum-derived carbon is incorporated directly into fresh bacterial biomass. Subsequently, some of this newly synthesized material also is consumed by heterotrophs, as eukaryotic sterols from the same sample also have C-14-depleted values (Delta(14)C = -136 parts per thousand to -110 parts per thousand). Therefore, the entire system may operate as a complex consortium to transform relict carbon back into biomass. Bacterial consumption of relict carbon occurs despite the ample supply of fresh carbon delivered from the productive, overlying water column. Copyright (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd.},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2005.07.007},
	author = {Pearson, A. and Seewald, J. S. and Eglinton, T. I.}
}
@article {660,
	title = {Basin-wide sedimentation changes and deglacial lake-level rise in the Hovsgol basin, NW Mongolia},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	volume = {136},
	year = {2005},
	note = {926rlTimes Cited:51Cited References Count:16},
	month = {Jul},
	pages = {59-69},
	abstract = {A study of 15 gravity cores reveals consistent patterns of lithologic change throughout the Lake Hovsgol basin. Sediments of the last glacial are composed of calcareous clayey silt with an admixture of coarse material from sand to gravel. During the last deglaciation, a basin-wide deposition of finely laminated carbonate mud took place and was ultimately succeeded by the deposition of diatomaccous clayey ooze during the entire Holocene interval. Diatom productivity in Lake Hovsgol during the early Holocene was higher than today, but declined by ca. 6.6 cal ka BP. Sedimentation rate estimates for post-glacial section range from 1.5 to over 6.7 cm/ka for different parts of Lake Hovsgol. Rates appear to have decreased in the late Holocene.The last glacial maximum (LGM) corresponded to a dramatic low stand of Lake Hovsgol on the order of 100 m below today{\textquoteright}s level, as reflected by littoral facies retrieved in cores from intermediate depths. Age dating of plant fragments in these sediments suggests that lake level started rising no later than 15.4 cal ka BP. By the beginning of the Holocene, Lake Hovsgol evolved from a low-level closed basin lake to an overflowing freshwater lake. The observed dramatic lithologic change and evidence for lake-level change suggest that Lake Hovsgol may in fact serve as a sensitive {\textquoteright}water gauge{\textquoteright} in continental interior Asia and that the Hovsgol sedimentary record preserves reliable proxies for past changes in effective moisture balance in the Lake Baikal catchment area. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {1040-6182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2004.11.008},
	author = {Prokopenko, A. A. and Kuzmin, M. I. and Wlliams, D. F. and Gelety, V. F. and Kalmychkov, G. V. and Gvozdkov, A. N. and Solotchin, P. A.}
}
@article {2000,
	title = {Beads, bifaces, and boats: an early maritime adaptation on the south coast of San Miguel Island, California},
	journal = {American Anthropologist},
	volume = {107},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 442},
	month = {2005},
	pages = {677-683},
	author = {Erlandson, Jon M. and Braje, Todd J. and Rick, Torben C. and Peterson, Jenna}
}
@article {1962,
	title = {Biogeochemical investigations of marine methane seeps, Hydrate Ridge, Oregon},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research-Biogeosciences},
	volume = {110},
	year = {2005},
	note = {090wnTimes Cited:19
Cited References Count:72
},
	month = {Nov 10},
	pages = {1-17},
	abstract = {[1] A series of biogeochemical studies were conducted at the southern summit of Hydrate Ridge, offshore Oregon. Using the submersible DSV Alvin, sediment push cores were collected from two distinct seep environments characterized by the presence of clam fields (CF) or microbial mats (MM) at the sediment-water interface; samples were also collected from a nearby reference site characterized by a barren surface at the sediment-water interface. Sediment samples from each setting were analyzed for the depth distributions of total organic carbon (concentrations, delta C-13 and Delta C-14), total sedimentary nitrogen, and microbial abundance. Pore fluids were extracted and analyzed for sulfate, alkalinity, sulfide, organic carbon, and volatile organic acids. These depth distributions clearly indicate the presence of three distinctive biogeochemical settings in the surface sediments of Hydrate Ridge, and provide the basis for a comparative biogeochemical analysis. Both CF and MM sites display properties indicating enhanced microbial activity in the subsurface, compared with the reference site. MM sites display evidence of net biomass production in the subsurface; however, a loss of sediment nitrogen relative to the reference site indicates that mineralization is also enhanced. Calculations based on the removal of nitrogen indicate that greater than 30\% of autochthonous organic material is lost to enhanced mineralization in the top 23 cm of one MM site. An isotope mass balance of sediment-bound organic carbon indicates a mixed source, including methane and allochthonous organic carbon dissolved in the seep fluids. The concentrations of organic carbon dissolved in seep fluids reach values of 22 mM and provide a first indication that advective transport of dissolved organic carbon from great depth may supply an important source of energy and carbon to "methane seep{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright} communities.},
	keywords = {anaerobic oxidation, authigenic carbonates, cascadia convergent margin, community structure, dissolved organic-carbon, fluid-flow, ne pacific, odp site 892b, phylogenetic analysis, sulfate-reducing bacteria},
	isbn = {0148-0227},
	doi = {10.1029/2005JG000025},
	url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2\&amp;SrcAuth=Alerting\&amp;SrcApp=Alerting\&amp;DestApp=WOS\&amp;DestLinkType=FullRecord;UT=WOS:000240984200001},
	author = {Valentine, D. L. and Kastner, M. and Wardlaw, G. D. and Wang, X. C. and Purdy, A. and Bartlett, D. H.}
}
@article {598,
	title = {Fluctuations in export productivity over the last century from sediments of a southern Chilean fjord (44 degrees S)},
	journal = {Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science},
	volume = {65},
	year = {2005},
	note = {975sfTimes Cited:22Cited References Count:53},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {587-600},
	abstract = {Here we present the first reconstruction of changes in surface primary production during the last century from the Puyuhuapi fjord in southern Chile, using a variety of parameters (diatoms, biogenic silica, total organic carbon, chlorins, and proteins) as productivity proxies. Two sediment cores from the head and the center of the fjord were analyzed and compared to gain insights on past changes in productivity in these two different depositional environments. Higher sedimentation rates found at the head of the fjord result from the combination of a shallower water column and a restricted circulation by the occurrence of a sill. Additionally, sediment mixing depths estimated from (210)Pb data suggest that suboxic conditions may dominate the bottom water and the sediment-water interface in this location.Productivity of the Puyuhuapi fjord during the last century was characterized by a constant increase from the late 19th century to the early 1980s, then decreased until the late 1990s, and then rose again to present-day values. The influence of rainfall on productivity was most noticeable during periods of low rainfall, which coincided with decreased overall productivity within the Puyuhuapi fjord. Simultaneous variations in productivity and rainfall in the study area suggest that marine productivity could respond to atmospheric-oceanic interactions at a local scale. At a regional scale, marine productivity of the area may be related to other large-scale processes such as the El Nino Southern Oscillation. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0272-7714},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ecss.2005.07.005},
	author = {Sepulveda, J. and Pantoja, S. and Hughen, K. and Lange, C. and Gonzalez, F. and Munoz, P. and Rebolledo, L. and Castro, R. and Contreras, S. and Avila, A. and Rossel, P. and Lorca, G. and Salamanca, M. and Silva, N.}
}
@article {671,
	title = {A geoarchaeological chronology of Holocene dune building on San Miguel Island, California},
	journal = {Holocene},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2005},
	note = {992ziTimes Cited:23Cited References Count:31},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {1227-1235},
	abstract = {A data base of 114 C-14 dates from 40 archaeological sites in San Miguel Island sand dunes provides a general chronology for Holocene dune building. Although rising seas have probably submerged earlier evidence, postglacial dune building on San Miguel began as early as 10 000 years ago. More intensive dune building dates to the middle and late Holocene, including large parabolic dunes that traverse the island and climb some of the highest landforms. Native American peoples lived on and altered island sand dunes for nearly 10 000 years, and native burning and other landscape alterations may have contributed to periodic destabilization of island dunefields. Accumulation of cultural debris also facilitated anthropogenic soil formation in many coastal localities, however, and over the millennia midden debris protected large expanses of the island{\textquoteright}s coastal perimeter from wind erosion. With the introduction of sheep c. AD 1850, destabilization and erosion of dune soils caused by overgrazing and other human impacts reached unprecedented levels, devastating the island{\textquoteright}s natural ecology. In recent decades, with the removal of sheep and other exotic animals from the island, the dunes have begun to restabilize.},
	issn = {0959-6836},
	doi = {10.1191/0959683605hl893rp},
	author = {Erlandson, J. M. and Rick, T. C. and Peterson, C.}
}
@article {1525,
	title = {Global ocean data analysis project (GLODAP): Results and data, ORNL/CDIAC-145, NDP-145},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 529},
	month = {2005},
	pages = {81 pp.},
	author = {Sabine, C. L. and Key, R. M. and Kozyr, A. and Feely, R. A. and Wanninkhof, R. and Millero, F. J. and Peng, T. H. and Bullister, J. L. and Lee, K.}
}
@article {695,
	title = {A hydrogen-rich early Earth atmosphere},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {308},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Tian, FengToon, Owen BPavlov, Alexander ADe Sterck, HengResearch Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Non-P.H.S.2005/04/09 09:00Science. 2005 May 13;308(5724):1014-7. Epub 2005 Apr 7.},
	month = {May 13},
	pages = {1014-7},
	abstract = {We show that the escape of hydrogen from early Earth{\textquoteright}s atmosphere likely occurred at rates slower by two orders of magnitude than previously thought. The balance between slow hydrogen escape and volcanic outgassing could have maintained a hydrogen mixing ratio of more than 30\%. The production of prebiotic organic compounds in such an atmosphere would have been more efficient than either exogenous delivery or synthesis in hydrothermal systems. The organic soup in the oceans and ponds on early Earth would have been a more favorable place for the origin of life than previously thought.},
	issn = {0036-8075 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1106983},
	author = {Tian, F. and Toon, O. B. and Pavlov, A. A. and De Sterck, H.}
}
@article {666,
	title = {Late-Quaternary lowstands of lake Bosumtwi, Ghana: evidence from high-resolution seismic-reflection and sediment-core data},
	journal = {Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology},
	volume = {216},
	year = {2005},
	note = {892ujTimes Cited:21Cited References Count:54},
	month = {Feb 1},
	pages = {235-249},
	abstract = {Results from the first high-resolution, single-channel seismic-reflection survey of tropical Lake Bosumtwi, Ghana, and sedimentological data from a C-14-dated sediment piston core were used to revise and extend the basin{\textquoteright}s late-Quaternary lake level history. We report four seismic sequence boundaries and an exposure surface from a sediment core. which are interpreted as erosional surfaces formed at times of drastic low lake level. The youngest erosional surf-ace occurs as much as 31 In below present lake level (bpll) and up to 0.7 in below the present sediment-water interface. This most recent unconformity observed in the seismic data is interpreted to be coeval with the basin-wide late-Holocene dry period between 0.5 and 1 cal ky BP (calendar years before present). Another exposure surface observed in a sediment core is based on an abrupt contact separating low density, wet, clay rich sediments from underlying high density, compact, silt-rich and rootlet-rich sediments, and is interpreted to have developed prior to 16.8 cal ky BP when the lake was similar to60 in bpll. Three older, erosional surfaces occur at depths of similar to92 +/- 3, 102 +/- 3, and 107 +/- 4 in bpll, suggesting numerous lowstands in Lake Bosumtwi during the late-Pleistocene. By extrapolation of average sedimentation rates (0.41 m/ky) from the upper similar to10.5 m of sediment, we estimate the ages of these older lowstands to be similar to65, similar to86 similar to108 cal ky BP. The lowstands of Lake Bosumtwi evidenced from the seismic and sediment core data are interpreted as a response to increased aridity in this part of the equatorial tropics and may correlate to other observed continent-wide shifts in African climate over the past 100 ky and possibly to rapid climatic shifts observed at high latitudes. Determining the precise timing of these lowstands will ultimately reveal much about the drought dynamics of tropical and subtropical Africa. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.palaco.2004.10.005},
	author = {Brooks, K. and Scholz, C. A. and King, J. W. and Peck, J. and Overpeck, J. T. and Russell, J. M. and Amoako, P. Y. O.}
}
@inbook {1452,
	title = {Microbial transformations of organic matter in black shales and implications for global biogeochemical cycles},
	booktitle = {Geobiology: Objectives, Concepts, Perspectives},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 758},
	month = {2005},
	publisher = {Elsevier},
	organization = {Elsevier},
	author = {Petsch, S. T. and Edwards, K. J. and Eglinton, T. I.},
	editor = {Noffke, N.}
}
@article {2008,
	title = {Mid-Holocene hydrologic change and hypolimnion formation in Lake Erie},
	journal = {Journal of Great Lakes Research},
	volume = {31},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 688},
	month = {2005},
	pages = {296-308},
	author = {Clotts, R. A. and McCambridge, C. E. and Barrera, E. and Saylor, B. Z. and Palmer, D. F. and Coakley, J. P.}
}
@article {603,
	title = {Sedimentation and carbon burial on the northern California continental shelf: the signatures of land-use change},
	journal = {Continental Shelf Research},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2005},
	note = {894cyTimes Cited:29Cited References Count:109},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {349-371},
	abstract = {The burial of organic carbon (OC) on continental margins is strongly coupled to the supply and accumulation of inorganic mineral particles. It follows that carbon burial on the margins should be impacted by changes in riverine sediment delivery, yet these impacts have not been well documented. In this study, an similar to2000-year record of sedimentation and carbon burial on the continental shelf offshore from the Eel River in northern California was examined. The record reveals a 6-11-fold increase in the rate of sediment accumulation on the mid-shelf beginning about 1955, and a concomitant decrease in grain size and increase in flood-layer preservation. At the same time. the age of buried wood fragments abruptly decreased and their stable carbon isotopic composition became enriched in C-13. We argue that these changes can be explained largely as the result of altered land use in the Eel watershed during the past century and its impacts on shelf sediment dispersal processes.Sedimentary OC on the Eel shelf consists primarily of discrete wood fragments associated with coarse-silt- and sandsized particles, and of organic matter strongly bound to clay-sized mineral grains. The clay fraction is a particularly sensitive recorder of environmental change in the Eel system. Above the 1995 horizon, the clay fraction shows an abrupt decrease in OC concentration and loading (OC content normalized to particle surface area) attendant with the increased accumulation rate. Kerogen carbon constitutes a relatively constant proportion of the clay-associated OC throughout the similar to2000-year record. Increases in mass wasting and input of bedrock material following the onset of intensive industrial logging in the Eel watershed may have resulted in a lower loading of terrestrial plant OC in the clay fraction deposited after 1955 as suggested by isotopic mass balance calculations.The Eel River is representative of small mountainous watersheds worldwide that deliver a major portion of the sediment and carbon flux to the margins and that have been strongly impacted by land-use change during the past century. Our results suggest that such changes leave a distinctive mark in both the sedimentological and geochemical records preserved offshore. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0278-4343},
	doi = {10.1016/j.csr.2004.09.015},
	author = {Leithold, E. L. and Perkey, D. W. and Blair, N. E. and Creamer, T. N.}
}
@article {1990,
	title = {Ten years of compound-specific radiocarbon analysis},
	journal = {Oceanography},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 504},
	month = {2005},
	pages = {18-31},
	author = {Ingalls, A. E. and Pearson, A.}
}
@article {2019,
	title = {14C Measurements},
	journal = {Aerosol Science \& Technol},
	volume = {38},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 972},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {133-139},
	author = {Tanner, R. L. and Parkhurst, W. J. and McNichol, A. P.}
}
@article {885,
	title = {215-kyr sea-level oscillations from marine and continental layers in Argentarola cave speleothems (Italy)},
	journal = {Global and Planetry Changes},
	volume = {43},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 973},
	pages = {57-78},
	abstract = {Several Quaternary sea-level changes are recorded by speleothems in the Argentarola Cave (Italy), which is currently flooded by the Mediterranean Sea. Speleothems with a sequence of continental layers and marine biogenic overgrowths (serpulid colonies), all presently covered by living serpulids, were sampled at water depths between -3.5 and -21.7 m. The composite sequence contains five marine and four continental layers, formed over the last 215 ka. The Mediterranean Sea flooded the cave during two short periods of MIS 7 (7.3 and 7.1), as well as during an episode at the end of MIS 6 and during MIS 5, when a thick biogenic overgrowth grew during MIS 5.2 and 5.4. Thin continental layers also formed during the LGM. This final speleothem layer was interrupted during the Holocene sea-level rise, but at different times in each speleothem. A Holocene sea-level curve has been constructed from this same layer. A thin marine layer, found only in the deeper stalagmites at -21.5 and -21.7 m, is tentatively related to the short marine transgression of Termination II, after 145 ka BP and before MIS 5.5. The island of Argentarola lies in a tectonically stable area and our data generally agree with the results obtained by other authors on speleothems from the Bahamas. The data presented here are compared with the SPECMAP curve and other recently published sea-level curves.},
	keywords = {Italy, Sea-level change, Submerged speleothems, Tyrrhenian sea},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gloplacha.2004.02.004},
	author = {Antonioli, F. and E, Bard and Silenzi, S. and Potter, E. K. and Improta, S.}
}
@article {1021,
	title = {Alabama Gulf Coast groundwaters: 4He and 14C as groundwater-dating tools},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 1222},
	pages = {289-292},
	abstract = {Analyses of 4He and 14C in groundwaters from a Miocene quartz aquifer on the Alabama Gulf Coast show the usefulness of 4He for dating these Holocene groundwaters. In this aquifer system of low alkalinities and low pHs, radiocarbon ages can be used without model correction. The groundwaters studied ranged from 42.3\% to 95.5\% modern carbon and yielded uncorrected ages of 375{\textendash}6790 yr. Radiogenic 4He ages ranged from >50{\textendash}7500 yr. },
	keywords = {14C, 4He, age dating, Baldwin County Alabama, groundwater},
	doi = {10.1130/G20081.2 },
	author = {Carey, Anne and Dowling, Carolyn B. and Poreda, Robert J.}
}
@article {2028,
	title = {Controls on the variability of organic matter and dissolved inorganic carbon ages in northeast U.S. rivers},
	journal = {Marine Chemistry},
	volume = {92},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 967},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {353-366},
	author = {Raymond, P. A. and Bauer, J. E. and Caraco, N. F. and Cole, J. J. and Longworth, B. E. and Petsch, S. T.}
}
@article {2039,
	title = {Evaluation of ocean carbon cycle models with data-based metrics},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {31},
	year = {2004},
	note = {811adTimes Cited:110
Cited References Count:17
},
	month = {Apr 2},
	abstract = {New radiocarbon and chlorofluorocarbon-11 data from the World Ocean Circulation Experiment are used to assess a suite of 19 ocean carbon cycle models. We use the distributions and inventories of these tracers as quantitative metrics of model skill and find that only about a quarter of the suite is consistent with the new data-based metrics. This should serve as a warning bell to the larger community that not all is well with current generation of ocean carbon cycle models. At the same time, this highlights the danger in simply using the available models to represent the state-of-the-art modeling without considering the credibility of each model.},
	keywords = {anthropogenic co2, pacific-ocean, radiocarbon},
	isbn = {0094-8276},
	doi = {10.1029/2003GL018970},
	url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2\&amp;SrcAuth=Alerting\&amp;SrcApp=Alerting\&amp;DestApp=WOS\&amp;DestLinkType=FullRecord;UT=WOS:000220743900001},
	author = {Matsumoto, K. and Sarmiento, J. L. and Key, R. M. and Aumont, O. and Bullister, J. L. and Caldeira, K. and Campin, J. M. and Doney, S. C. and Drange, H. and Dutay, J. C. and Follows, M. and Gao, Y. and Gnanadesikan, A. and Gruber, N. and Ishida, A. and Joos, F. and Lindsay, K. and Maier-Reimer, E. and Marshall, J. C. and Matear, R. J. and Monfray, P. and Mouchet, A. and Najjar, R. and Plattner, G. K. and Schlitzer, R. and Slater, R. and Swathi, P. S. and Totterdell, I. J. and Weirig, M. F. and Yamanaka, Y. and Yool, A. and Orr, J. C.}
}
@article {723,
	title = {Evidence for Late Holocene earthquakes on the Utsalady Point Fault, northern puget lowland, Washington},
	journal = {Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America},
	volume = {94},
	year = {2004},
	note = {887giTimes Cited:18Cited References Count:46},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {2299-2316},
	abstract = {Trenches across the Utsalady Point fault in the northern Puget Lowland of Washington reveal evidence of at least one and probably two late Holocene earthquakes. The "Teeka"{\textquoteright} and "Duffers" trenches were located along a 1.4-km-long. 1- to 4-m-high, northwest-trending, southwest-facing. topographic scarp recognized from Airborne Laser Swath Mapping. Glaciomarine drift exposed in the trenches reveals evidence of about 95 to 150 cm of vertical and 200 to 220 cm of left-lateral slip in the Teeka trench. Radiocarbon ages from a buried soil A horizon and overlying slope colluvium alone, with the historical record of earthquakes suggest that this faulting occurred 100 to 400 calendar years B.P. (A.D. 1550 to 1850). In the Duffers trench, 370 to 450 cm of vertical separation is accommodated by faulting (similar to210 cm) and folding (similar to160 to 240 cm), with probable but undetermined amounts of lateral slip. Stratigraphic relations and radiocarbon ages from buried soil, colluvium. and fissure fill in the hanging wall suggest the deformation at Duffers is most likely from two earthquakes that occurred between 100 to 500 and 1100 to 2200 calendar years B.P., but deformation during a single earthquake is also possible. For the two-earthquake hypothesis, deformation at Teeka trench in the first event involved folding but not faulting. Regional relations suggest that the earthquake(s) were M greater than or equal to similar to6.7 and that offshore rupture may have produced tsunamis. Based on this investigation and related recent studies, the maximum recurrence interval for large ground-rupturing crustal-fault earthquakes in the Puget Lowland is about 400 to 600 years or less.},
	issn = {0037-1106},
	doi = {10.1785/0120040050},
	author = {Johnson, S. Y. and Nelson, A. R. and Personius, S. F. and Wells, R. E. and Kelsey, H. N. and Sherrod, B. L. and Okumura, K. and Koehler, R. and Witter, R. C. and Bradley, L. A. and Harding, D. J.}
}
@article {2045,
	title = {A global ocean carbon climatology: Results from global data analysis project (GLODAP)},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 527},
	month = {2004},
	author = {Kay, R. M. and Kozyr, A. and Sabine, C. L. and Lee, K. and Wanninkhof, R. and Bullister, J. L. and Feely, R. A. and Millero, F. J. and Mordy, C. and Peng, T. H.}
}
@inbook {1450,
	title = {Mantle Samples Included in Volcanic Rocks: Xenoliths and Diamonds},
	booktitle = {Treatise on Geochemistry},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 1575},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {172-221},
	address = {Elsevier Ltd, Oxford},
	author = {Pearson, D. G. and Canil, D. and Shirey, S. B.},
	editor = {Holland, H. D.}
}
@article {2030,
	title = {Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) chronology of bomb radiocarbon in otoliths from 1944-1981 and a validation of ageing methods},
	journal = {Journal of Fish Biology},
	volume = {64},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 1063},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {1060-1070},
	author = {Piner, K. P. and Wischniowski, S. G.}
}
@article {2031,
	title = {Phylogenetically specific spearation of rRNA from prokaryotes for isotopic analysis},
	journal = {Marine Chemistry},
	volume = {92},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 1805},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {295-306},
	author = {Pearson, Ann and Sessions, Alex L. and Edwards, Katrina J. and Hayes, John M.}
}
@article {2010,
	title = {Plans for Expanded 14C Analyses at the NOSAMS Facility--a status and progress report. 9th International Conference on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Nagoya, Japan, 9/2002},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research},
	volume = {B 223-224},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 1810},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {50-54},
	author = {von Reden, K. and Donoghue, J. and Elder, K. and Gagnon, A. and Gerlach, D. and Griffin, V. S. and Healy, R. and Long, P. and McNichol, A. P. and Percy, D. and Roberts, M. L. and Schneider, R. J. and Xu, L. and Hayes, J.}
}
@article {2046,
	title = {Prehistoric marine mammal overkill in the northeastern Pacific: A review of new evidence},
	journal = {Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology},
	volume = {24},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 469},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {69-80},
	author = {Jones, T. L. and Hildebrandt, W. R. and Kennett, D. J. and Porcasi, J. J.}
}
@article {577,
	title = {Radiocarbon dating of diatom-bound organic compounds},
	journal = {Marine Chemistry},
	volume = {92},
	year = {2004},
	note = {882iaTimes Cited:34Cited References Count:33},
	month = {Dec 1},
	pages = {91-105},
	abstract = {Here we present a new method for obtaining radiocarbon dates for the organic compounds intrinsic to diatom frustules. This method will improve age models for sediment cores that lack calcium carbonate and improve current interpretations of diatom-based paleoproxies. In preparation for radiocarbon dating by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, compounds intrinsic to diatom frustules are released from their opal matrix by dissolution in HF and then purified using preparative liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The method was applied to one sample from each of three cores (NBP9802 Station 7 GC2; TN057-13 PC4; Ell-2) and a plankton tow (CRS 746, FOODBANCS) collected in the Southern Ocean. In each sample, radiocarbon ages of diatom-bound organic compounds differed from those obtained from foraminiferal CaCO3. Agreement between the foraminifera and compound-specific date was best in cores Ell-2 and TN057-13. In contrast, compound-specific C-14 ages obtained from NBP9802 differed substantially from those measured for foraminiferal CaCO3. The influence of background contamination was assessed throughout all stages of the method and cannot be responsible for the discrepancy observed. Possible reasons for the disagreement between the ages of foraminifera and diatom-bound compounds are discussed in the context of sediment dynamics. These preliminary results suggest that our diatom-based dating method represents a major step forward in our ability interpret sediment records in the Southern Ocean and therefore our understanding of the role of the Southern Ocean in past climate. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0304-4203},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marchem.2004.06.019},
	author = {Ingalls, A. E. and Anderson, R. F. and Pearson, A.}
}
@article {686,
	title = {Spatial variations in a condensed interval between estuarine and open-marine settings: Holocene Hudson River estuary and adjacent continental shelf},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2004},
	note = {772lcTimes Cited:10Cited References Count:30},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {169-172},
	abstract = {An interval of stratigraphic condensation extending for 300 km from the fluvially dominated Hudson River estuary to the adjacent continental shelf reveals stratal relationships within an unconformity-rellated depositional sequence that are commonly difficult to resolve in seismic reflection profiles and outcrop. High-resolution side-scan sonar and bathymetry, more than 100 sediment cores similar to2 m long, and radioisotope (C-14, Cs-137) age control show that much of the valley was filled by ca. 3 to 1 ka. The present rate of sediment accumulation averages 1 mm/yr, corresponding with a sea-level rise of similar to1.2 mm/yr relative to local bedrock. Condensation is manifested today by sedimentary bypass in most parts of the estuary and by the trapping of available sediment (1.2-5.6 x 10(5) t/yr [metric tons]) along narrow reaches and primarily in the vicinity of the estuarine turbidity maximum, a part of the estuary located upstream of the salinity intrusion similar to25 km from the mouth (3.0 x 10(5) t/yr). Shelf condensation is due to sediment starvation. The condensed interval merges updip with a nascent sequence boundary as the estuary reaches its final filling phase and downdip with the sequence boundary that developed at the Last Glacial Maximum. Delta progradation may take place as available shelf accommodation is filled, but such sediments are expected to be removed once sea level begins to fall. This sedimentation pattern, in which a condensed interval merges with different sequence boundaries, is consistent with the stratigraphic record of the Atlantic margin back to the Paleogene and may be typical of sediment-starved margins.},
	issn = {0091-7613},
	doi = {10.1130/G20150.1},
	author = {McHugh, C. M. G. and Pekar, S. F. and Christie-Blick, N. and Ryan, W. B. F. and Carbotte, S. and Bell, R.}
}
@article {2061,
	title = {1999 RV Melville Baja California cruise, on the preservation of laminated sediments along the western margin of North America},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 1102},
	month = {2003},
	author = {van Geen, A. and Zheng, Y. and Bernhard, J. M. and Cannariato, K. G. and Carriquiry, J. and Dean, E. and Eakins, B. W. and Ortiz, J. D. and Pike, J.}
}
@conference {1563,
	title = {Ancient organic matter sources to the Hudson-Mohawk River system: implications of riverine transport of ancient organic matter for the global biogeochemical},
	booktitle = {American Geophysical Union (AGU)},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 1027},
	month = {2003},
	address = {San Francisco, CA},
	author = {Longworth, B. E. and Raymond, P. A. and Petsch, S. T.}
}
@article {2085,
	title = {Calcium carbonate budget in the Atlantic Ocean based on water column inorganic carbon chemistry},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2003},
	note = {732egTimes Cited:44
Cited References Count:73
},
	month = {Oct 9},
	abstract = {[1] Recent independent lines of evidence suggest that the dissolution of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles is substantial in the upper ocean above the calcite 100\% saturation horizon. This shallow-water dissolution of carbonate particles is in contrast with the current paradigm of the conservative nature of pelagic CaCO3 at shallow water depths. Here we use more than 20,000 sets of carbon measurements in conjunction with CFC and C-14 data from the WOCE/JGOFS/OACES global CO2 survey to estimate in situ dissolution rates of CaCO3 in the Atlantic Ocean. A dissolution rate is estimated from changes in alkalinity as a parcel of water ages along an isopycnal surface. The in situ CaCO3 dissolution increases rapidly at the aragonite 100\% saturation horizon. Estimated dissolution rates north of 40degreesN are generally higher than the rates to the south, which is partly attributable to the production of exported CaCO3 being higher in the North Atlantic than in the South Atlantic. As more CaCO3 particles move down the water column, more particles are available for in situ dissolution. The total water column CaCO3 dissolution rate in the Atlantic Ocean is determined on an annual basis by integrating estimated dissolution rates throughout the entire water column and correcting for alkalinity input of approximately 5.6 x 10(12) mol C yr(-1) from CaCO3-rich sediments. The resulting water column dissolution rate of CaCO3 for the Atlantic Ocean is approximately 11.1 x 10(12) mol C yr(-1). This corresponds to about 31\% of a recent estimate (35.8 x 10(12) mol C yr(-1)) of net CaCO3 production by Lee [2001] for the same area. Our calculation using a large amount of high-quality water column alkalinity data provides the first basin-scale estimate of the CaCO3 budget for the Atlantic Ocean.},
	keywords = {alkalinity, anthropogenic co2, caco3 dissolution, calcium carbonate budget, chemical lysocline, Deep-sea, dioxide system, dissociation-constants, dissolution kinetics, dissolution of calcium carbonate, eastern north-atlantic, ocean carbon cycle, organic-carbon, pacific-ocean, saturation state of seawater},
	isbn = {0886-6236},
	doi = {10.1029/2002GB002001},
	author = {Chung, S. N. and Lee, K. and Feely, R. A. and Sabine, C. L. and Millero, F. J. and Wanninkhof, R. and Bullister, J. L. and Key, R. M. and Peng, T. H.}
}
@article {415,
	title = {Carbon isotopic compositions of prokaryotic lipids as tracers of carbon cycling in diverse settings},
	journal = {Chemical Geology},
	volume = {195},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 1331; 666LX Times Cited:59 Cited References Count:144},
	pages = {29-58},
	abstract = {Recent work has highlighted the ubiquity of bacteria and archaea and continues to affirm their significance in diverse biogeochemical processes. The delta(13)C values and distributions of diagnostic lipids derived from such microorganisms can provide insights into prokaryotic processes in modem settings and are one of the few means by which past prokaryotic processes in depositional settings can be elucidated. Here we present a brief review of prokaryotic lipids commonly observed in sediments and the controls on their carbon isotopic compositions. We then present two case studies-one of Mediterranean cold seeps at which anaerobic oxidation of methane occurs and one of a Holocene peat deposit in which a variety of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms govern the degradation of organic matter. These two studies illustrate the potential utility of compound-specific carbon isotope analyses to deconvolute pathways of carbon flow in microbial communities. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0009-2541},
	doi = {10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00387-X},
	author = {Pancost, R. D. and Damste, J. S. S.}
}
@article {2078,
	title = {Climate and the collapse of Mayan civilization},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {299},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 556},
	month = {2003},
	pages = {1731-1735},
	author = {Haug, G. H. and Gunther, D. and Peterson, L. C. and Sigman, D. M. and Hughen, K. A.}
}
@inbook {1448,
	title = {Cosmochemical Estimates of Mantle Composition},
	booktitle = {Treatise on Geochemistry},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 1583},
	month = {2003},
	pages = {1-38},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd, Oxford},
	organization = {Elsevier Ltd, Oxford},
	author = {Palme, H. and O{\textquoteright}Neill, H. St C.},
	editor = {Holland, H. D.}
}
@article {2062,
	title = {Fossil Sources of Ambient Aerosol Carbon Based on 14C Measurements},
	journal = {Aerosol Science and Technology},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 1690},
	month = {2003},
	author = {Tanner, R. L. and Parker, W. J. and McNichol, A. P.}
}
@article {884,
	title = {Geochemistry of hydrothermally altered oceanic crust: DSDP/ODP Hole 504B - Implications for seawater-crust exchange budgets and Sr- and Pb-isotopic evolution of the mantle},
	journal = {Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems G3},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 1536},
	pages = {1-29},
	doi = {10.1029/2002GC000419},
	author = {Bach, Wolfgang and Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Bernhard and Hart, STanly R. and Blusztajn, Jerzy S.}
}
@inbook {1427,
	title = {La colonisation et les fortifications de Rapa},
	booktitle = {Bilan de la recherche archeologique en Polynesie francaise},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 471},
	month = {2003},
	publisher = {Service de la Culture et du Patrimoine},
	organization = {Service de la Culture et du Patrimoine},
	address = {Papeete, Tahiti},
	author = {Kennett, D. J. and Anderson, A. J. and Prebble, M. and Conte, E.},
	editor = {Marchesi, H.}
}
@article {733,
	title = {Late Holocene earthquakes on the Toe Jam Hill fault, Seattle fault zone, Bainbridge Island, Washington},
	journal = {Geological Society of America Bulletin},
	volume = {115},
	year = {2003},
	note = {740qwTimes Cited:41Cited References Count:53},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {1388-1403},
	abstract = {Five trenches across a Holocene fault scarp yield the first radiocarbon-measured earthquake recurrence intervals for a crustal fault in western Washington. The scarp, the first to be revealed by laser imagery, marks the Toe Jam Hill fault, a north-dipping backthrust to the Seattle fault. Folded and faulted strata, liquefaction features, and forest soil A horizons buried by hanging-wall-collapse colluvium record three, or possibly four, earthquakes between 2500 and 1000 yr ago. The most recent earthquake is probably the 1050-1020 cal. (calibrated) yr B.P. (A.D. 900930) earthquake that raised marine terraces and triggered a tsunami in Puget Sound. Vertical deformation estimated from strati-graphic and surface offsets at trench sites suggests late Holocene earthquake magnitudes near M7, corresponding to surface ruptures >36 km long. Deformation features recording poorly understood latest Pleistocene earthquakes suggest that they were smaller than late Holocene earthquakes. Postglacial earthquake recurrence intervals based on 97 radiocarbon ages, most on detrital charcoal, range from similar to12,000 yr to as little as a century or less; corresponding fault-slip rates are 0.2 mm/ yr for the past 16,000 yr and 2 mm/yr for the past 2500 yr. Because the Toe Jam Hill fault is a backthrust to the Seattle fault, it may not have ruptured during every earthquake on the Seattle fault. But the earthquake history of the Toe Jam Hill fault is at least a partial proxy for the history of the rest of the Seattle fault zone.},
	issn = {0016-7606},
	doi = {10.1130/B25262.1},
	author = {Nelson, A. R. and Johnson, S. Y. and Kelsey, H. M. and Wells, R. E. and Sherrod, B. L. and Pezzopane, S. K. and Bradley, L. A. and Koehler, R. D. and Bucknam, R. C.}
}
@article {1358,
	title = {Map and data for Quaternary faults and folds in Washington State},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 997},
	month = {2003},
	author = {Lidke, D. J. and Johnson, S. Y. and McCory, P. A. and Personius, S. F. and Nelson, A. R. and Dart, R. L. and Bradley, L. A. and Haller, K. M. and Machette, M. N.}
}
@article {1357,
	title = {Maps and data from a trench investigation of the Utsalady Point fault, Whidbey Island, Washington},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 996},
	month = {2003},
	author = {Johnson, S. Y. and Nelson, A. R. and Personius, S. F. and Wells, R. E. and Kelsey, H. M. and Sherrod, B. L. and Okumura, K. and Koehler, R., III and Witter, R. C. and Bradley, L. A. and Harding, D. J.}
}
@article {999,
	title = {The persistence of memory: The fate of ancient sedimentary organic carbon in a modern sedimentary system},
	journal = {Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {67},
	year = {2003},
	note = {634jvTimes Cited:143Cited References Count:63},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {63-73},
	abstract = {The cycle of organic carbon burial and exhumation moderates atmospheric chemistry and global climate over geologic timescales. The burial of organic carbon occurs predominantly at sea in association with clay-sized particles derived from the erosion of uplifted continental rocks. It follows that the history of the fine-grained particles on land may bear on the nature of the organic carbon buried. In this study, the evolution of clay-associated organic matter was followed from bedrock source to the seabed in the Eel River sedimentary system of northern California using natural abundance C-13 and C-14 tracers. Approximately half of the fine-grained organic carbon delivered to the shelf is derived from ancient sedimentary organic carbon found in the uplifted Mesozoic-Tertiary Franciscan Complex of the watershed. The short residence time of friable soils on steep hill slopes, coupled with rapid sediment accumulation rates on the shelf-slope, act to preserve the ancient organic carbon. A comparable quantity of modem organic carbon is added to particles in the watershed and on the shelf and slope. The bimodal mixture of ancient and modem C in soils and sediments may be characteristic of many short, mountainous rivers. If the Eel River chemistry is typical of such rivers, more than 40 Tg of ancient organic C may be delivered to the world{\textquoteright}s oceans each year. A flux of that magnitude would have a significant influence on marine and global C-cycles. Copyright (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd.},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01043-8},
	author = {Blair, N. E. and Leithold, E. L. and Ford, S. T. and Peeler, K. A. and Holmes, J. C. and Perkey, D. W.}
}
@article {2060,
	title = {On the preservation of laminated sediments along the western margin of North America},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 1128},
	month = {2003},
	author = {van Geen, A. and Zheng, Y. and Bernhard, J. M. and Cannariato, K. G. and Carriquiry, J. and Dean, W. E. and Eakins, B. W. and Ortiz, J. D. and Pike, J.}
}
@article {645,
	title = {Sea-level changes and depositional environments in the Izmit Gulf, eastern Marmara Sea, during the late glacial-Holocene period},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {202},
	year = {2003},
	note = {749gpTimes Cited:52Cited References Count:30},
	month = {Nov 30},
	pages = {159-173},
	abstract = {Offshore and onshore stratigraphic studies, together with high-resolution shallow seismic reflection profiling and multibeam bathymetric mapping, were carried out in the western and central part of the Izmit Gulf. These studies indicate that the Izmit Gulf was a lacustrine environment as part of the Marmara {\textquoteright}Lake{\textquoteright} during the late glaciation and early deglaciation until similar to12 kyr BP, when the Marmara Basin was inundated by the Mediterranean waters. Correlation of C-14-dated onshore and offshore stratigraphic units in the Western Izmit Gulf indicates that generally coarse late glacial sediments overlie a marked erosional surface formed during the low water level of the Marmara {\textquoteright}Lake{\textquoteright}. These coarse sediments are succeeded by 10.4-7 kyr BP old transgressive, and by late Holocene post-transgression mud units. The bathymetry and sub-bottom Chirp profiles clearly show that the paleoshoreline of the Gulf was located at -85 m, having been controlled by the bedrock sill depth of the Canakkale Strait. Another paleoshoreline observed at -65 m on the northern margin of the Western Izmit and Karamursel basins was probably formed during the Younger Dryas sea-level stillstand. The shelf areas during this time were colonized by bioherms, which were subsequently drowned and disappeared after a further rise of the sea level. The presence of a -65 in marine paleoshoreline in the Karamursel Basin indicates that the sill restricting this basin to the west was much deeper than its present -55 in level and was located further south. The Golcuk Basin, restricted by a -38 in sill to its west, was probably not flooded by marine waters until similar to9 kyr BP. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V.},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/S0025-3227(03)00259-7},
	author = {Cagatay, M. N. and Gorur, N. and Polonia, A. and Demirbag, E. and Sakinc, M. and Cormier, M. H. and Capotondi, L. and McHugh, C. and Emre, O. and Eris, K.}
}
@article {2081,
	title = {Variations in the hydrological regime of Kara-Bogaz-Gol Gulf Lake Issyk-Kul, and the Aral Sea assessed based on data of bottom sediment studies},
	journal = {Water Resources},
	volume = {30},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 493},
	month = {2003},
	pages = {252-259},
	author = {Ferronskii, V. I. and Polyakov, V. A. and Brezgunov, V. S. and Vlasova, L. S. and Karpychev, Yu A. and Bobkov, A. F. and Romaniovskii, V. V. and Johnson, T. C. and Ricketts, R. D. and Rasmussen, K. A.}
}
@article {668,
	title = {A Critical Evaluation of Interlaboratory Data on Total, Elemental, and Isotopic Carbon in the Carbonaceous Particle Reference Material, NIST SRM 1649a},
	journal = {J Res Natl Inst Stand Technol},
	volume = {107},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Currie, L ABenner, B A JrKessler, J DKlinedinst, D BKlouda, G AMarolf, J VSlater, J FWise, S ACachier, HCary, RChow, J CWatson, JDruffel, E R MMasiello, C AEglinton, T IPearson, AReddy, C MGustafsson, OQuinn, J GHartmann, P CHedges, J IPrentice, K MKirchstetter, T WNovakow, TPuxbaum, HSchmid, Heng2002/01/01 00:00J Res Natl Inst Stand Technol. 2002 Jun 1;107(3):279-98. doi: 10.6028/jres.107.022. Print 2002 May-Jun.},
	month = {May-Jun},
	pages = {279-98},
	abstract = {Because of increased interest in the marine and atmospheric sciences in elemental carbon (EC), or black carbon (BC) or soot carbon (SC), and because of the difficulties in analyzing or even defining this pervasive component of particulate carbon, it has become quite important to have appropriate reference materials for intercomparison and quality control. The NIST "urban dust" Standard Reference Material((R)) SRM 1649a is useful in this respect, in part because it comprises a considerable array of inorganic and organic species, and because it exhibits a large degree of ((14)C) isotopic heterogeneity, with biomass carbon source contributions ranging from about 2 \% (essentially fossil aliphatic fraction) to about 32 \% (polar fraction). A primary purpose of this report is to provide documentation for the new isotopic and chemical particulate carbon data for the most recent (31 Jan. 2001) SRM 1649a Certificate of Analysis. Supporting this is a critical review of underlying international intercomparison data and methodologies, provided by 18 teams of analytical experts from 11 institutions. Key results of the intercomparison are: (1) a new, Certified Value for total carbon (TC) in SRM 1649a; (2) (14)C Reference Values for total carbon and a number of organic species, including for the first time 8 individual PAHs; and (3) elemental carbon (EC) Information Values derived from 13 analytical methods applied to this component. Results for elemental carbon, which comprised a special focus of the intercomparison, were quite diverse, reflecting the confounding of methodological-matrix artifacts, and methods that tended to probe more or less refractory regions of this universal, but ill-defined product of incomplete combustion. Availability of both chemical and (14)C speciation data for SRM 1649a holds great promise for improved analytical insight through comparative analysis (e.g., fossil/biomass partition in EC compared to PAH), and through application of the principle of isotopic mass balance.},
	issn = {1044-677X (Linking)},
	doi = {10.6028/jres.107.022},
	author = {Currie, L. A. and Benner, B. A., Jr. and Kessler, J. D. and Klinedinst, D. B. and Klouda, G. A. and Marolf, J. V. and Slater, J. F. and Wise, S. A. and Cachier, H. and Cary, R. and Chow, J. C. and Watson, J. and Druffel, E. R. and Masiello, C. A. and Eglinton, T. I. and Pearson, A. and Reddy, C. M. and Gustafsson, O. and Quinn, J. G. and Hartmann, P. C. and Hedges, J. I. and Prentice, K. M. and Kirchstetter, T. W. and Novakow, T. and Puxbaum, H. and Schmid, H.}
}
@article {2107,
	title = {Field and laboratory data from an earthquake history study of the Toe Jam Hill fault, Bainbridge Island, Washington},
	journal = {U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report},
	volume = {02-60},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 428},
	month = {2002},
	pages = {37 p.},
	author = {Nelson, A. R. and Johnson, S. Y. and Wells, R. E. and Kelsey, H. M. and Pezzopane, S. K. and Sherrod, B. L. and Bradley, L. A. and Iii, Koehler R. D. and Bucknam, R. C. and Haugerud, R. A. and LaPrade, W. T.}
}
@article {2106,
	title = {Field and Laboratory data from an earthquake history study of the Toe Jam Hill fault, Bainbridge Island, Washington},
	journal = {U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-60},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 259},
	month = {2002},
	pages = {2 plates and 37 pages},
	author = {Nelson, A. R. and Johnson, S. Y. and Wells, R. E. and Pezzopane, S. K. and Kelsey, H. M. and Sherrod, B. L. and Bradley, L. A. and Koehler, R. D., III and Bucknam, R. C. and Haugerud, R. A. and LaPrade, W. T.}
}
@conference {1637,
	title = {Fossil sources of PM2.5 aerosol carbon based on 14C measurements},
	booktitle = {PM2.5 and electric power generation: recent findings and implications},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 353},
	month = {2002},
	address = {Pittsburgh, PA},
	author = {Tanner, R. L. and Parkhurst, W. J. and McNichol, A. P.}
}
@article {2120,
	title = {In situ calcium carbonate dissolution in the Pacific Ocean},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2002},
	note = {649rqTimes Cited:86
Cited References Count:60
},
	month = {Dec 31},
	abstract = {Over the past several years researchers have been working to synthesize the WOCE/JGOFS global CO(2) survey data to better understand carbon cycling processes in the oceans. The Pacific Ocean data set has over 35,000 sample locations with at least two carbon parameters, oxygen, nutrients, CFC tracers, and hydrographic parameters. In this paper we estimate the in situ CaCO(3) dissolution rates in the Pacific Ocean water column. Calcium carbonate dissolution rates ranging from 0.01-1.1 mumol kg(-1) yr(-1) are observed in intermediate and deepwater beginning near the aragonite saturation horizon. In the North Pacific Intermediate Water between 400 and 800 m, CaCO(3) dissolution rates are more than 7 times faster than observed in middle and deep water depths (average=0.051 m mol kg(-1) yr(-1)). The total amount of CaCO(3) that is dissolved within the Pacific is determined by integrating excess alkalinity throughout the water column. The total inventory of CaCO(3) added by particle dissolution in the Pacific Ocean, north of 40degreesS, is 157 Pg C. This amounts to an average dissolution rate of approximately 0.31 Pg C yr(-1). This estimate is approximately 74\% of the export production of CaCO(3) estimated for the Pacific Ocean. These estimates should be considered to be upper limits for in situ carbonate dissolution in the Pacific Ocean, since a portion of the alkalinity increase results from inputs from sediments.},
	keywords = {anthropogenic co(2), anthropogenic co2, aragonite saturation, atmospheric carbon, caco(3) dissolution, calcite saturation, carbonate lysocline, chemical lysocline, coccolithophore emiliania-huxleyi, indian-ocean, north pacific, organic-matter, Pacific Ocean, panama basin, particulate matter},
	isbn = {0886-6236},
	doi = {10.1029/2002GB001866},
	author = {Feely, R. A. and Sabine, C. L. and Lee, K. and Millero, F. J. and Lamb, M. F. and Greeley, D. and Bullister, J. L. and Key, R. M. and Peng, T. H. and Kozyr, A. and Ono, T. and Wong, C. S.}
}
@conference {1682,
	title = {A marine record of Holocene climate events in tropical South America, abstract},
	booktitle = {Eos Trans. AGU 83, Fall Meeting Suppl},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 1080},
	month = {2002},
	address = {San Francisco, CA},
	author = {Haug, G. H. and Gunther, D. and Hughen, K. A. and Peterson, L. C. and Rohl, U.}
}
@article {349,
	title = {Numerical models, geochemistry and the zero-paradox noble-gas mantle},
	journal = {Philos Transact A Math Phys Eng Sci},
	volume = {360},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 1579; Ballentine, Chris J Van Keken, Peter E Porcelli, Don Hauri, Erik H England Philos Transact A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2002 Nov 15;360(1800):2611-31.},
	pages = {2611-31},
	abstract = {Numerical models of whole-mantle convection demonstrate that degassing of the mantle is an inefficient process, resulting in ca. 50\% of the (40)Ar being degassed from the mantle system. In this sense the numerical simulations are consistent with the (40)Ar mass balance between the atmosphere and mantle reservoir. These models, however, are unable to preserve the large-scale heterogeneity predicted by models invoking geochemical layering of the mantle system. We show that the three most important noble-gas constraints on the geochemically layered mantle are entirely dependent on the (3)He concentration of the convecting mantle derived from the (3)He flux into the oceans and the average ocean-crust generation rate. A factor of 3.5 increase in the convecting-mantle noble-gas concentration removes all requirements for: a (3)He flux into the upper mantle from a deeper high (3)He source; a boundary in the mantle capable of separating heat from helium; and a substantial deep-mantle reservoir to contain a hidden (40)Ar rich reservoir. We call this model concentration for the convecting mantle the {\textquoteright}zero-paradox{\textquoteright} concentration. The time-integrated flux of (3)He into the oceans is a robust observation, but only representative of the ocean-floor activity over the last 1000 years. In contrast, ocean-floor generation occurs over tens of millions of years. We argue that combining these two observations to obtain the (3)He concentration of the mantle beneath mid-ocean ridges is unsound. Other indicators of mantle (3)He concentration suggest that the real value may be at least a factor of two higher. As the zero-paradox concentration is approached, the noble-gas requirement for mantle layering is removed. We further consider the role that recycled material plays in ocean-island-basalt generation and show that a source with high (3)He and (3)He/(4)He must exist within the mantle. Nevertheless, only a small amount of this material is required to generate both the observed ocean-island (3)He/(4)He ratios and the concentrations inferred from basalt samples for this mantle source.},
	issn = {1364-503X (Print) 1364-503X (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1098/rsta.2002.1083},
	author = {Ballentine, C. J. and Van Keken, P. E. and Porcelli, D. and Hauri, E. H.}
}
@conference {1744,
	title = {Plans for expanded 14C analyses at the NOSAMS facility - a status and progress report},
	booktitle = {International Conference on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 1685},
	month = {2002},
	address = {Nagoya, Japan},
	author = {von Reden, K. F. and Donoghue, J. and Elder, K. and Gagnon, A. and Gerlach, D. and Griffin, V. and Healy, R. and Long, P. and McNichol, A. and Percy, D. and Roberts, M. L. and Schneider, R. J. and Xu, L. and Hayes, J. M.}
}
@article {637,
	title = {Radiocarbon as a tool to apportion the sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and black carbon in environmental samples},
	journal = {Environmental Science \& Technology},
	volume = {36},
	year = {2002},
	note = {541gfTimes Cited:133Cited References Count:59},
	month = {Apr 15},
	pages = {1774-1782},
	abstract = {To determine the relative inputs of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and black carbon (BC) in environmental samples from the combustion of fossil fuels and biomass we have developed two independent analytical methods for determining the C-14 abundance of PAHs and BC. The 5730 yr half-life of C-14 makes it an ideal tracer for identifying combustion products derived from fossil fuels (C-14-free) versus those stemming from modern biomass (contemporary C-14). The C-14 abundance of PAHs in several environmental Standard Reference Materials was measured by accelerator mass spectrometry after extraction and then purification by high-performance liquid chromatography and preparative capillary gas chromatography. This method yields pure compounds that allow for a high degree of confidence in the C-14 results. The PAHs data were then used to compare and evaluate results from an operationally defined thermal oxidation method used to isolate a BC fraction. The C-14 compositions of PAHs and BC were very similar and suggest that the thermal oxidation method employed for isolating BC is robust and free from interferences by non-BC components. In addition, these data indicate that both the PAHs and the BC species derive mostly from fossil fuels and/or their combustion products.},
	issn = {0013-936x},
	doi = {10.1021/es011343f},
	author = {Reddy, C. M. and Pearson, A. and Xu, L. and McNichol, A. P. and Benner, B. A. and Wise, S. A. and Klouda, G. A. and Currie, L. A. and Eglinton, T. I.}
}
@article {2112,
	title = {Radiocarbon Dates of Corals, Gastropods and Forminifers from Saurashtra Peninsula, Gujarat and Their Implications for Sea-level Studies},
	journal = {Journal Geological Society of India},
	volume = {60},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 1219},
	month = {2002},
	pages = {303-308},
	author = {Mathur, U. B. and Pandey, D. K.}
}
@article {702,
	title = {Super ENSO and global climate oscillations at millennial time scales},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {297},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Stott, LowellPoulsen, ChristopherLund, SteveThunell, Roberteng2002/07/13 10:00Science. 2002 Jul 12;297(5579):222-6.},
	month = {Jul 12},
	pages = {222-6},
	abstract = {The late Pleistocene history of seawater temperature and salinity variability in the western tropical Pacific warm pool is reconstructed from oxygen isotope (delta18O) and magnesium/calcium composition of planktonic foraminifera. Differentiating the calcite delta18O record into components of temperature and local water delta18O reveals a dominant salinity signal that varied in accord with Dansgaard/Oeschger cycles over Greenland. Salinities were higher at times of high-latitude cooling and were lower during interstadials. The pattern and magnitude of the salinity variations imply shifts in the tropical Pacific ocean/atmosphere system analogous to modern El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). El Nino conditions correlate with stadials at high latitudes, whereas La Nina conditions correlate with interstadials. Millennial-scale shifts in atmospheric convection away from the western tropical Pacific may explain many paleo-observations, including lower atmospheric CO2, N2O, and CH4 during stadials and patterns of extratropical ocean variability that have tropical source functions that are negatively correlated with El Nino.},
	issn = {0036-8075 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1071627},
	author = {Stott, L. and Poulsen, C. and Lund, S. and Thunell, R.}
}
@article {631,
	title = {Vapour undersaturation in primitive mid-ocean-ridge basalt and the volatile content of Earth{\textquoteright}s upper mantle},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {419},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Saal, Alberto EHauri, Erik HLangmuir, Charles HPerfit, Michael RengEngland2002/10/09 04:00Nature. 2002 Oct 3;419(6906):451-5.},
	month = {Oct 03},
	pages = {451-5},
	abstract = {The analysis of volatiles in magmatic systems can be used to constrain the volatile content of the Earth{\textquoteright}s mantle and the influence that magmatic degassing has on the chemistry of the oceans and the atmosphere. But most volatile elements have very low solubilities in magmas at atmospheric pressure, and therefore virtually all erupted lavas are degassed and do not retain their primary volatile signatures. Here we report the undersaturated pre-eruptive volatile content for a suite of mid-ocean-ridge basalts from the Siqueiros intra-transform spreading centre. The undersaturation leads to correlations between volatiles and refractory trace elements that provide new constraints on volatile abundances and their behaviour in the upper mantle. Our data generate improved limits on the abundances of carbon dioxide, water, fluorine, sulphur and chlorine in the source of normal mid-ocean-ridge basalt. The incompatible behaviour of carbon dioxide, together with the CO(2)/Nb and CO(2)/Cl ratios, permit estimates of primitive carbon dioxide and chlorine to be made for degassed and chlorine-contaminated mid-ocean-ridge basalt magmas, and hence constrain degassing and contamination histories of mid-ocean ridges.},
	issn = {0028-0836 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1038/nature01073},
	author = {Saal, A. E. and Hauri, E. H. and Langmuir, C. H. and Perfit, M. R.}
}
@inbook {1469,
	title = {Woodlands in ancient and modern times in the territory of Sagalassos},
	booktitle = {Sagalassos VI. Report on the survey and excavation campaigns of 1998, 1999 and 2000},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 346},
	month = {2002},
	publisher = {Leuven University Press},
	organization = {Leuven University Press},
	author = {Vermoere, M. and Vanhecke, L. and Paulissen, E. and Waelkens, M. and Smets, E.},
	editor = {Monographiae, Acta Archaeologica Lovaniensia}
}
@article {705,
	title = {14C-dead living biomass: evidence for microbial assimilation of ancient organic carbon during shale weathering},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {292},
	year = {2001},
	note = {Petsch, S TEglington, T IEdwards, K JengHistorical ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}tResearch Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Non-P.H.S.2001/04/03 10:00Science. 2001 May 11;292(5519):1127-31. Epub 2001 Mar 29.},
	month = {May 11},
	pages = {1127-31},
	abstract = {Prokaryotes have been cultured from a modern weathering profile developed on a approximately 365-million-year-old black shale that use macromolecular shale organic matter as their sole organic carbon source. Using natural-abundance carbon-14 analysis of membrane lipids, we show that 74 to 94\% of lipid carbon in these cultures derives from assimilation of carbon-14-free organic carbon from the shale. These results reveal that microorganisms enriched from shale weathering profiles are able to use a macromolecular and putatively refractory pool of ancient organic matter. This activity may facilitate the oxidation of sedimentary organic matter to inorganic carbon when sedimentary rocks are exposed by erosion. Thus, microorganisms may play a more active role in the geochemical carbon cycle than previously recognized, with profound implications for controls on the abundance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in Earth{\textquoteright}s atmosphere over geologic time.},
	issn = {0036-8075 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1058332},
	author = {Petsch, S. T. and Eglington, T. I. and Edwards, K. J.}
}
@article {692,
	title = {Comparative analysis of methane-oxidizing archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria in anoxic marine sediments},
	journal = {Appl Environ Microbiol},
	volume = {67},
	year = {2001},
	note = {Orphan, V JHinrichs, K UUssler, W 3rdPaull, C KTaylor, L TSylva, S PHayes, J MDelong, E FengComparative StudyResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}tResearch Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Non-P.H.S.2001/04/03 10:00Appl Environ Microbiol. 2001 Apr;67(4):1922-34.},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {1922-34},
	abstract = {The oxidation of methane in anoxic marine sediments is thought to be mediated by a consortium of methane-consuming archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria. In this study, we compared results of rRNA gene (rDNA) surveys and lipid analyses of archaea and bacteria associated with methane seep sediments from several different sites on the Californian continental margin. Two distinct archaeal lineages (ANME-1 and ANME-2), peripherally related to the order Methanosarcinales, were consistently associated with methane seep marine sediments. The same sediments contained abundant (13)C-depleted archaeal lipids, indicating that one or both of these archaeal groups are members of anaerobic methane-oxidizing consortia. (13)C-depleted lipids and the signature 16S rDNAs for these archaeal groups were absent in nearby control sediments. Concurrent surveys of bacterial rDNAs revealed a predominance of delta-proteobacteria, in particular, close relatives of Desulfosarcina variabilis. Biomarker analyses of the same sediments showed bacterial fatty acids with strong (13)C depletion that are likely products of these sulfate-reducing bacteria. Consistent with these observations, whole-cell fluorescent in situ hybridization revealed aggregations of ANME-2 archaea and sulfate-reducing Desulfosarcina and Desulfococcus species. Additionally, the presence of abundant (13)C-depleted ether lipids, presumed to be of bacterial origin but unrelated to ether lipids of members of the order Desulfosarcinales, suggests the participation of additional bacterial groups in the methane-oxidizing process. Although the Desulfosarcinales and ANME-2 consortia appear to participate in the anaerobic oxidation of methane in marine sediments, our data suggest that other bacteria and archaea are also involved in methane oxidation in these environments.},
	issn = {0099-2240 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1128/AEM.67.4.1922-1934.2001},
	author = {Orphan, V. J. and Hinrichs, K. U. and Ussler, W. and Paull, C. K. and Taylor, L. T. and Sylva, S. P. and Hayes, J. M. and DeLong, E. F.}
}
@conference {1606,
	title = {Deposition of Bomb C-14 in Continental Slope Sediments: Use of Radiocarbon in Understanding Benthic Food Web Dynamics},
	booktitle = {Aquatic Sciences Meeting, ASLO},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1368},
	month = {2001},
	pages = {45},
	address = {Albuquerque, NM},
	author = {DeMaster, D. J. and Blair, N. E. and Smith, C. R. and Fornes, W. L. and Thomas, C. J. and Plaia, G.}
}
@article {771,
	title = {Estimates of anthropogenic carbon uptake from four three-dimensional global ocean models},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2001},
	note = {417rwTimes Cited:187Cited References Count:64},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {43-60},
	abstract = {We have compared simulations of anthropogenic CO2 in the four three-dimensional ocean models that participated in the first phase of the Ocean Carbon-Cycle Model Intercomparison Project (OCMIP), as a means to identify their major differences. Simulated global uptake agrees to within +/- 19\%, giving a range of 1.85 +/-0.35 Pg C yr(-1) for the 1980-1989 average, Regionally, the Southern Ocean dominates the present-day air-sea flux of anthropogenic CO2 in all models, with one third to one half of the global uptake occurring south of 30 degreesS. The highest simulated total uptake in the Southern Ocean was 70\% larger than the lowest. Comparison with recent data-based estimates of anthropogenic CO2 suggest that most of the models substantially overestimate storage in the Southern Ocean; elsewhere they generally underestimate storage by less than 20\%. Globally, the OCMIP models appear to bracket the real ocean{\textquoteright}s present uptake, based on comparison of regional data-based estimates of anthropogenic CO2 and bomb C-14. Column inventories of bomb C-14 have become more similar to those for anthropogenic CO2 with the time that has elapsed between the Geochemical Ocean Sections Study (1970s) and World Ocean Circulation Experiment (1990s) global sampling campaigns. Our ability to evaluate simulated anthropogenic CO2 would improve if systematic errors associated with the data-based estimates could be provided regionally.},
	issn = {0886-6236},
	doi = {10.1029/2000gb001273},
	author = {Orr, J. C. and Maier-Reimer, E. and Mikolajewicz, U. and Monfray, P. and Sarmiento, J. L. and Toggweiler, J. R. and Taylor, N. K. and Palmer, J. and Gruber, N. and Sabine, C. L. and Le Quere, C. and Key, R. M. and Boutin, J.}
}
@article {769,
	title = {Hypothesized climate forcing time series for the last 500 years},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres},
	volume = {106},
	year = {2001},
	note = {456yeTimes Cited:108Cited References Count:89},
	month = {Jul 27},
	pages = {14783-14803},
	abstract = {A new compilation of annually resolved time series of atmospheric trace gas concentrations, solar irradiance, tropospheric aerosol optical depth, and stratospheric (volcanic) aerosol optical depth is presented for use in climate modeling studies of the period 1500 to 1999 A.D. Atmospheric CO2 CH4, and N2O concentrations over this period are well established on the basis of fossil air trapped in ice cores and instrumental measurements over the last few decades. Estimates of solar irradiance, ranging between 1364.2 and 1368.2 W/m(2), are presented using calibrated historical observations of the Sun back to 1610, along with cosmogenic isotope variations extending back to 1500. Tropospheric aerosol distributions are calculated by scaling the modern distribution of sulfate and carbonaceous aerosol optical depths back to 1860 using reconstructed regional CO2 emissions; prior to 1860 the anthropogenic tropospheric aerosol optical depths are assumed to be zero. Finally, the first continuous, annually dated record of zonally averaged stratospheric (volcanic) optical depths back to 1500 is constructed using sulfate flux data from multiple ice cores from both Greenland and Antarctica, in conjunction with historical and instrumental (satellite and pyrheliometric) observations. The climate forcings generated here are currently being used as input to a suite of transient (time dependent) paleoclimate model simulations of the past 500 years. These forcings are also available for comparison with instrumental and proxy paleoclimate data of the same period.},
	issn = {0747-7309},
	doi = {10.1029/2000jd900469},
	author = {Robertson, A. and Overpeck, J. and Rind, D. and Mosley-Thompson, E. and Zielinski, G. and Lean, J. and Koch, D. and Penner, J. and Tegen, I. and Healy, R.}
}
@article {307,
	title = {The impact of sea ice concentration accuracies on climate model simulations with the GISS GCM},
	journal = {Journal of Climate},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1944; PT: J; UT: WOS:000169239100008},
	pages = {2606-2623},
	abstract = {The Goddard Institute for Space Studies global climate model (GISS GCM) is used to examine the sensitivity of the simulated climate to sea ice concentration specifications in the type of simulation done in the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP), with specified oceanic boundary conditions. Results show that sea ice concentration uncertainties of +/-7\% can affect simulated regional temperatures by more than 6 degreesC, and biases in sea ice concentrations of +7\% and -7\% alter simulated annually averaged global surface air temperatures by -0.10 degrees and +0.17 degreesC, respectively, over those in the control simulation. The resulting 0.27 degreesC difference in simulated annual global surface air temperatures is reduced by a third, to 0.18 degreesC, when considering instead biases of +4\% and -4\%. More broadly, least squares fits through the temperature results of 17 simulations with ice concentration input changes ranging from increases of 50\% versus the control simulation to decreases of 50\% yield a yearly average global impact of 0.0107 degreesC warming for every 1\% ice concentration decrease, that is, 1.07 degreesC warming for the full +50\% to -50\% range. Regionally and on a monthly average basis, the differences can be far greater, especially in the polar regions, where wintertime contrasts between the +50\% and -50\% cases can exceed 30 degreesC. However, few statistically significant effects are found outside the polar latitudes, and temperature effects over the nonpolar oceans tend to be under 1 degreesC, due in part to the specification of an unvarying annual cycle of sea surface temperatures. The +/-7\% and +/-4\% results provide bounds on the impact (on GISS GCM simulations making use of satellite data) of satellite-derived ice concentration inaccuracies, +/-7\% being the current estimated average accuracy of satellite retrievals and +/-4\% being the anticipated improved average accuracy for upcoming satellite instruments. Results show that the impact on simulated temperatures of imposed ice concentration changes is least in summer, encouragingly the same season in which the satellite accuracies are thought to be worst. Hence, the impact of satellite inaccuracies is probably less than the use of an annually averaged satellite inaccuracy would suggest.},
	issn = {0894-8755},
	doi = {10.1175/1520-0442(2001)014<2606:TIOSIC>2.0.CO;2},
	author = {Parkinson, C. L. and Rind, D. and Healy, R. J. and Martinson, D. G.}
}
@article {534,
	title = {The last interglacial to glacial transition, Togiak Bay, Southwestern Alaska},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {55},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1392},
	pages = {190-202},
	abstract = {An 18-m-high coastal bluff at Togiak Bay (northwestern Bristol Bay, southwestern Alaska) exposes marine, lacustrine, fluvial, glacial, volcanic, and organic deposits that record the \~{}50,000-year-long transition from the peak of the last interglaciation to the early Wisconsin glaciation. The base of the section is dominated by stratified sand and silt extending up to 4.3 m above sea level; marine diatoms are present, and pollen assemblages are characterized by relatively high percentages of Picea, Alnus, and Betula and low percentages of Poaceae and Cyperaceae. The marine sediment was probably deposited during the peak of marine oxygen-isotope stage (OIS) 5e. An infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) age of 151,000{\textpm}13,000 yr from near the base of the exposure is permissive of this correlation. The marine sand and silt are overlain by 0.8 m of peaty silt with diatoms that record a transition from marine to lacustrine conditions. During this interval, Poaceae and Cyperaceae dominate the pollen assemblages, and Picea and shrubs are nearly absent, suggesting that herb tundra occupied the landscape. This interval probably encompasses OIS 5d on the basis of the herb tundra and an IRSL age of 119,000{\textpm}10,000 yr from 60 cm below the marine/lacustrine transition. The organic mud is overlain by 3.1 m of stratified sand and organic silt that apparently record shallowing of the lake; reappearance of spruce and shrubs (=OIS 5c?); and subsequent deepening of the lake (=OIS 5b?); followed by aggradation of a floodplain (=OIS 5a?), which was dry at the time basaltic lava buried the site. Thermoluminescence analyses on lava-baked sediment indicate that the eruption occurred 70,000{\textpm}10,000 yr ago. Sometime thereafter, but prior to 53,600 14C yr B.P. an outlet of the Ahklun Mountains ice cap advanced over the site and deposited \~{}7 m of bouldery ice-contact drift. The sedimentary sequence contains at least four tephra beds. Major- and trace-element chemistry provide a basis for correlating two of the tephras with tephra beds at nearby sites. The tephras, luminescence ages, and correlations with marine isotope stages provide the geochronological control to place the Togiak Bay section into a global context. The site serves as an important new reference section for late Pleistocene paleoenvironmental change in eastern Beringia.},
	doi = {10.1006/qres.2001.2214},
	author = {Kaufman, D. S. and Manley, W. F. and Wolfe, A. P. and Hu, F. S. and Preece, S. J. and Westgate, J. A. and Forman, S. L.}
}
@article {2144,
	title = {A marine record of holocene climate events in tropical South America},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {293},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1466},
	month = {2001},
	pages = {1304-1308},
	author = {Haug, G. H. and Hughen, K. A. and Sigman, D. M. and Peterson, L. C. and Rohl, U.}
}
@conference {1695,
	title = {Multiple anthropogenic tracer distributions in the ocean},
	booktitle = {Sixth International CO2 Conference},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 319},
	month = {2001},
	address = {Sendai, Japan},
	author = {Sabine, C. L. and Key, R. M. and Bullister, J. L. and Feely, R. A. and Lamb, M. F. and Millero, F. J. and Wanninkhof, R. and Peng, T. H. and Lee, K. and Kozyr, A. and Gruber, N.}
}
@article {2158,
	title = {New records show pronounced changes in Arctic Ocean circulation and climate (cover article)},
	journal = {EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union},
	volume = {82},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 332},
	month = {2001},
	pages = {601, 607},
	author = {Darby, D. and Bischof, J. and Cutter, G. and de Vernal, A. and Hillaire-Marcel, C. and Dwyer, G. and McManus, J. and Polyak, L. and Osterman, L. and Poore, R.}
}
@inbook {2421,
	title = {Ocean Process Tracers: Single compound radiocarbon measurements},
	booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1420},
	month = {2001},
	publisher = {Academic Press},
	organization = {Academic Press},
	address = {London},
	author = {Eglinton, T. I. and Pearson, A.}
}
@article {2135,
	title = {Origins of lipid biomarkers in Santa Monica Basin surface sediment: A case study using compound-specific D14C analysis},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {65},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1419},
	month = {2001},
	pages = {3123-3137},
	author = {Pearson, A. and McNichol, A. P. and Benitez-Nelson, B. C. and Hayes, J. M. and Eglinton, T. I.}
}
@conference {1735,
	title = {Paleoclimate through the ages from the Cariaco Basin, Abstract},
	booktitle = {American Geophysical Union},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1467},
	month = {2001},
	address = {Boston, MA},
	author = {Hughen, K. A. and Peterson, L. C. and Black, D. and Haug, G. and Poore, R.}
}
@article {2134,
	title = {A solid state 13C NMR study of kerogen degradation during black shale weathering},
	journal = {Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta},
	volume = {65},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 277},
	month = {2001},
	pages = {1867-1882},
	author = {Petsch, S. T. and Smernik, R. J. and Eglinton, T. I. and Oades, J. M.}
}
@inbook {1458,
	title = {14C Dating of sediment of the Uppermost Cape Fear Slide Plain: Constraints on the timing of this massive submarine landslide (Book Section)},
	booktitle = {Scientific Results of the Ocean Drilling Program, Leg 164},
	series = {Ocean Drilling Program},
	volume = {164},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 1342},
	month = {2000},
	address = {College Station, TX},
	author = {Rodriquez, N. M. and Paull, C. K.},
	editor = {Paull, C. K.}
}
@article {2177,
	title = {d13C values and radiocarbon dates of microbial biomarkers as tracers fro carbon recycling in peat deposits},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {28},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 1330},
	month = {2000},
	pages = {663-666},
	author = {Pancost, R. D. and van Geel, B. and Baas, M. and Damste Sinninghe, J. S.}
}
@conference {1603,
	title = {Deep Sea Sediments off Baja California Reflect Greenland Ice Core climate cycles},
	booktitle = {Geological Society of America, Annual meeting},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 110},
	month = {2000},
	publisher = {Geological Society of America},
	organization = {Geological Society of America},
	address = {Reno, NV},
	author = {Ortiz, J. and O{\textquoteright}Connell, S. and van Geen, A. and Party, Melville {\textquoteright} Shipboard Scientific}
}
@article {817,
	title = {A giant vampire (Mammalia, Chiroptera) in the Late Holocene from the Argentinean pampas: paleoenvironmental significance},
	journal = {Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology},
	volume = {160},
	year = {2000},
	note = {330jhTimes Cited:12Cited References Count:40},
	month = {Jul 15},
	pages = {213-221},
	abstract = {The first fossil desmodontine record and the only well documented chiropteran fossil record from Argentina is described. A complete left upper canine was collected at Centinela del Mar (38 degrees 21{\textquoteright}S58 degrees W, General Alvarado County, Buenos Aires Province) from fossil-bearing sediments referred to the Late Holocene. The tooth size is 25\% larger than that of the modern vampire bat. Desmodus rotundus. We assign this tooth to Desmodus cf. D. draculae, an extinct species recorded in the Pleistocene-Holocene of South America (Brazil and Venezuela). The southernmost distribution of present-day Desmodus extends to northeast Buenos Aires province (35 degrees S). The presence of Desmodus some 600 km south of this present-day limit (July minimal isotherm of 10 degrees C) indicates that around 300 years BP the southeastern Buenos Aires province was at least 2 degrees C higher than modern July isotherm. The Desmodus tooth is associated with sigmodontine rodents characteristic of subtropical and temperate-warm areas (e.g., Pseudoryzomys simplex, Bibimys cf. B. torresi), and provides additional evidence to support this hypothesis. A correlation with a global warming phase is discussed. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0031-0182},
	doi = {10.1016/S0031-0182(00)00067-5},
	author = {Pardinas, U. F. J. and Tonni, E. P.}
}
@conference {1642,
	title = {High resolution proxy record of late Quaternary climate change from Soledad Basis, northwest Mexico, Abstract},
	booktitle = {UK Pages},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 111},
	month = {2000},
	author = {Pike, J. and van Geen, A. and Beaufort, L. and Party, Shipboard Scientific}
}
@article {2189,
	title = {Lake Erie: The Impact of Mid-Holocene Flooding by Upper Great Lake Waters},
	journal = {EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union},
	volume = {81},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 248},
	month = {2000},
	pages = {S81},
	author = {Kempthorne, R. A. and Barrera, E. and Coakley, J. P. and Palmer, D. F.}
}
@article {2193,
	title = {Mass spectra of sn-2hydroxyarchaeol, a Polar-lipid Biomarker for Anaerobic Methanotrophy},
	journal = {Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 1735},
	month = {2000},
	author = {Hinrichs, Kai-Uwe and Pancost, Richard D. and Summons, Roger E. and Sprott, G. Dennis and Sylva, Sean P. and Sinninghe-Damste, Jaap S. and Hayes, John M.}
}
@article {2188,
	title = {Oceanic uptake of CO2 re-estimated through d13C in WOCE samples},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research},
	volume = {B (172)},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 1817},
	month = {2000},
	pages = {501-512},
	author = {Lerperger, M. and McNichol, A. P. and Peden, J. and Gagnon, A. R. and Elder, K. L. and Kutschera, W. and Rom, W. and Steier, P.}
}
@article {773,
	title = {An organic tracer for surface ocean radiocarbon},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2000},
	note = {358wyTimes Cited:37Cited References Count:58},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {541-550},
	abstract = {The Delta(14)C of surface water dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the Southern California Eight was compared to Delta(14)C as recorded by the sterols in Santa Monica and Santa Barbara Basin sediments. All of the C-26, C-27, C-28, and C-29 sterols as well as dinosterol had C-14 concentrations equal to surface water DIG, indicating that all of the major sterols were derived from phytoplanktonic production. There is no detectable terrestrial component. Their tracer capability was confirmed by comparing the "bomb C-14"-derived change in surface water Delta(14)C(DIC) With the change in Delta(14)C(sterol). The "prebomb" Delta(14)C(DIC) was similar to 82 parts per thousand, and prebomb sterols averaged -75 +/- 19 parts per thousand. The Delta(14)C value in 1996 was +71 parts per thousand, Eighteen measurements representing eight different sterols from the sediment-water interface of both Santa Monica and Santa Barbara Basins averaged +62 +/- 23 parts per thousand. When three of these values were eliminated because of suspected contamination, the remaining data averaged +71 +/- 12 parts per thousand. The entire compound class could serve as an excellent proxy for the C-14 concentration of ocean surface waters.},
	issn = {0883-8305},
	doi = {10.1029/1999pa000476},
	author = {Pearson, A. and Eglinton, T. I. and McNichol, A. P.}
}
@article {2176,
	title = {The origin of n-alkanes in Santa Monica Basin surface sediment: A model based on compount-specific Delta14C and delta13C data},
	journal = {Org. Geochem},
	volume = {31},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 364},
	month = {2000},
	pages = {1103-1116},
	author = {Pearson, A. and Eglinton, T. I.}
}
@article {2181,
	title = {Postglacial and Late Holocene earthquakes on the Toe Jam strand of the Seattle fault, Bainbridge Island Washington},
	journal = {Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 258},
	month = {2000},
	pages = {A-58},
	author = {Nelson, A. R. and Johnson, S. Y. and Pezzopane, S. K. and Wells, R. E. and Kelsey, H. M. and Sherrod, B. L. and Koehler, R. D. and Bradley, L. A. and Bucknam, R. C. and LaPrade, W. T. and Cox, J. W. and Narwold, C. F.}
}
@conference {1763,
	title = {Radiocarbon calibration and abruptchanges in atmospheric 14Cconcentration during Marine Isotope Stage 3},
	booktitle = {American Geophysical Union},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 327},
	month = {2000},
	address = {San Francisco, CA},
	author = {Hughen, K. A. and Southon, J. and Lehman, S. J. and Peterson, L. C. and Overpeck, J. T.}
}
@article {1351,
	title = {Trophic Transfer of Anthropogenic Contaminants to Salt-Marsh Bacteria: A Molecular Radiocarbon Approach (Poster)},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 222; Presented at the Gordon Research Conference in Organic Geochemistry},
	month = {2000},
	publisher = {Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, Savannah, GA 31411},
	author = {Pease, Tamara and Wakeham, Stuart}
}
@conference {1819,
	title = {Use of Natural C-14 Measurements to Examine Benthic Food Webs},
	booktitle = {National AGU/ASLO Meeting},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 1367},
	month = {2000},
	address = {San Antonio, TX},
	author = {DeMaster, D. J. and Fornes, W. L. and Smith, C. R. and Plaia, G. and Blair, N. E. and Levin, L. A.}
}
@article {2175,
	title = {Was it melt-water outflor or ice-sheet discharge? A high-resolution study of ice-sheet discharge from the high-latitude sector of the LIS during the LGM},
	journal = {EOS},
	volume = {81},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 138},
	month = {2000},
	pages = {S21},
	author = {Rashid, H. and Hesse, R. and Piper, D. J. W.}
}
@article {2207,
	title = {87Sr/86Sr, delta 18O evolution of Phanerozoic seawater},
	journal = {Chemical Geology},
	volume = {161},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 1603},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {59-88},
	author = {Veizer, Jan and Davin, Ala and Azmy, Karem and Bruckschen, Peter and Buhl, Dieter and Bruhn, Frank and Carden, Giles A. F. and Diener, Andreas and Ebneth, Stefan and Godderis, Yves and Jasper, Torsten and Korte, Christoph and Pawellek, Frank and Podlaha, Olaf G. and Strauss, Harald}
}
@article {2216,
	title = {Assessing the importance of subtropical waters in ventilating the Equatorial Pacific thermocline: A combined transient-tracer approach},
	journal = {International WOCE Newsletter},
	volume = {35},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 1465},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {18-24},
	author = {Peacock, S. and Jenkins, W. and Key, R. and Broecker, W.}
}
@conference {1579,
	title = {Biogenic silica and organic carbon in sediments from the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean.--Abstract},
	booktitle = {8th International Symposium on Antarctic Earch Sciences},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 286},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {119},
	address = {Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand},
	author = {Giglio, F. and Frignani, M. and Langone, L. and Morigi, C. and Pianosi, G. and Ravaioli, M.}
}
@article {2243,
	title = {Biogenic silica records from the BDP-93 drill site and adjacent areas of the Selenga Delta, Lake Baikal, Siberia},
	journal = {Journal of Paleolimnology},
	volume = {21},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 186},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {9-17},
	author = {Colman, S. M. and Peck, J. A. and Hatton, J. and Karabanov, E. B. and King, J. W.}
}
@conference {1589,
	title = {Combined use of bomb radiocarbon and tritium to place constraints on the relative importance of northern- and southern- derived waters in ventilating the equatorial Pacific thermocline},
	booktitle = {WOCE-AIMS Tracer Workshop},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 314},
	month = {1999},
	address = {Bremen, Germany},
	author = {Peacock, S. and Key, R. and Jenkins, W. and Broecker, W.}
}
@conference {1612,
	title = {The distribution and carbon isotopic composition of dissolved organic matter in Florida Everglades (abstract)},
	booktitle = {The Sixth Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 165},
	month = {1999},
	author = {Wang, Y. and Hsieh, Y. P. and Landing, W. M. and Salters, V. and Cooper, W. and Proctor, L.}
}
@mastersthesis {1330,
	title = {Fluttuazioni tardo quaternarie dei flussi sedimentari di carbonio organico e silice biogena nel settore pacifico dell{\textquoteright}Oceano Meridionale--Thesis},
	volume = {Dissertation/Thesis},
	year = {1999},
	month = {1999},
	school = {Universita di Bologna},
	address = {Bologna, Italy},
	author = {Pianosi, G.}
}
@article {2218,
	title = {Holocene surface faulting in the Seattle fault zone, Bainbridge Island, Washington},
	journal = {Seismological Research Letters},
	volume = {70},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 1404},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {233},
	author = {Nelson, A. R. and Pezzopane, S. K. and Bucknam, R. C. and Koehler, R. D. and Narwold, C. F. and Kelsey, H. M. and Sherrod, B. L. and LaPrade, W. T. and Wells, R. E. and Johnson, S. Y.}
}
@article {896,
	title = {Linking the 10Be continental record of Lake Baikal to marine and ice archives for the last 50 ka: Implication for the global dust-aerosol input},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {26},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 1353},
	pages = {2885-2888},
	abstract = {We present here a 10Be profile from the continental sediments of Lake Baikal (the world{\textquoteright}s largest fresh water lake), which, for the first time, shows the ≈ 40 ka 10Be enhancement and a pattern that strongly matches those from the marine and ice records for the last 50 ka. This finding provides a new horizon for global and regional correlation of continental archives. Additionally, our VADM-predicted 10Be production confirms and further strengthens a common global cause (geomagnetic field intensity) for the change in atmospheric 10Be over the last 50 ka. We also show that most of the 10Be inventory to the lake has been provided by riverine input, but with a significant addition from direct precipitation and dust-aerosol fallout. We estimate a higher dust-aerosol contribution of 10Be during the Holocene and interstadial stage 3 (22{\textendash}50 ka) as compared with the glacial period (12{\textendash}22 ka).},
	doi = {10.1029/1999GL900469},
	author = {Aldahan, A. and Possnert, G. and Peck, J. and King, J. and Colman, S.}
}
@inbook {1473,
	title = {New Developments at the NOSAMS Facility},
	booktitle = {Proceeding of the International Workshop on Frontiers in Accelerator Mass Spectrometry},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 1723(JISTEC)
},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {44-52},
	publisher = {National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, National Museum of Japanese History},
	organization = {National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, National Museum of Japanese History},
	address = {Tsukuba, Japan},
	author = {von Reden, K. F. and Schneider, R. J. and McNichol, A. P. and Hayes, J. M. and Pearson, A. and Eglinton, T. I.},
	editor = {Science, Japan International and Technology Exchange, Center}
}
@conference {1705,
	title = {New Developments at the NOSAMS Facility},
	booktitle = {International Workshop on Frontiers in Accelerator Mass Spectrometry},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 1679},
	month = {1999},
	publisher = {National Institute for Environmental Studies Reprot},
	organization = {National Institute for Environmental Studies Reprot},
	address = {Tsukuba, Japan},
	author = {von Reden, K. F. and Schneider, R. J. and McNichol, A. P. and Hayes, J. M. and Pearson, A. and Eglinton, T. I.},
	editor = {Shibata, Y.}
}
@conference {1750,
	title = {A preliminary model-data comparison for bomb-14C in the Pacific thermocline},
	booktitle = {WOCE-AIMS Tracer Workshop},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 313},
	month = {1999},
	address = {Bremen, Germany},
	author = {Rogers, K. and Peacock, S. and Latif, M. and Key, R. M.}
}
@conference {1774,
	title = {Records of Heinrich Events at the confluence of the distal Northwest Atlantic Mid-Ocean Channel, and the Immarssauk Mid-Ocean Channel of the North Atlantic, Europ. Union},
	booktitle = {Geoscience 10th Annual Meeting},
	volume = {Abstract 4},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 137; 1},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {173},
	author = {Rashid, H. and Hesse, R. and Piper, D. J. W.}
}
@conference {1784,
	title = {Sedimentological and carbon-isotopic record of late Holocene climate in the sediments of Soda Lake Carrizo Plain, California. Abstracts},
	booktitle = {Geological Society of America, Annual Meeting},
	series = {Session 147},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 224},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {122},
	address = {Denver, Colorado},
	author = {Eigenbrode, J. L. and Pratt, L. M. and Rhodes, D. D. and Arrowsmith, J. R. and Mora, G.}
}
@mastersthesis {1305,
	title = {Sedimentological, carbon-isotopic, and molecular records of late Holocene climate in the sediments of Soda Lake, Carrizo Plain, California. Thesis},
	volume = {M.S., Unpublished},
	year = {1999},
	month = {1999},
	school = {Indiana University},
	author = {Eigenbrode, J.L. and Pratt, L.M. and Rhodes, D.D. and Arrowsmith, J.R. and Mora, G.}
}
@article {2230,
	title = {The slope water current over the Laurentian Fan on interunnual to millennial timescales},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {286},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 113},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {520-523},
	author = {Keigwin, L. D. and Pickart, R. S.}
}
@article {1485,
	title = {The speciation and sources of dissolved phosphorus in the Everglades (Report)},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 1348},
	month = {1999},
	author = {Copper, W. and Hsieh, Y. P. and Landing, W. M. and Proctor, L. and Salters, V. and Wang, Y.}
}
@conference {1559,
	title = {AMS measurement of},
	booktitle = {Sixteenth International Radiocarbon Conference},
	volume = {40(1)},
	year = {1998},
	note = {id: 1643},
	month = {1998},
	pages = {247-253},
	address = {Groningen},
	author = {von Reden, K. F. and McNichol, A. P. and Pearson, A. and Schneider, R. J.}
}
@article {2249,
	title = {AMS Measurement of small samples with high-current system: (Proceedings of the 16th International Radiocarbon Conference, 1997)},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {40},
	year = {1998},
	note = {id: 1815},
	month = {1998},
	pages = {247-253},
	author = {von Reden, K. F. and McNichol, A. and Pearson, A. and Schneider, R.}
}
@article {836,
	title = {The chemical composition of subducting sediment and its consequences for the crust and mantle},
	journal = {Chemical Geology},
	volume = {145},
	year = {1998},
	note = {Zv404Times Cited:1407Cited References Count:173},
	month = {Apr 15},
	pages = {325-394},
	abstract = {Subducted sediments play an important role in are magmatism and crust-mantle recycling. Models of continental growth, continental composition, convergent margin magmatism and mantle heterogeneity all require a better understanding of the mass and chemical fluxes associated with subducting sediments. We have evaluated subducting sediments on a global basis in order to better define their chemical systematics and to determine both regional and global average compositions. We then use these compositions to assess the importance of sediments to are volcanism and crust-mantle recycling, and to re-evaluate the chemical composition of the continental crust. The large variations in the chemical composition of marine sediments are for the most part linked to the main lithological constituents. The alkali elements (K, Rb and Cs) and high field strength elements (Ti, Nb, Hf, Zr) an closely linked to the detrital phase in marine sediments; Th is largely detrital but may be enriched in the hydrogenous Fe-Mn component of sediments; REE patterns are largely continental, but abundances are closely linked to fish debris phosphate; U is mostly detrital, but also dependent on the supply and burial rate of organic matter; Ba is linked to both biogenic barite and hydrothermal components; Sr is linked to carbonate phases. Thus, the important geochemical tracers follow the lithology of the sediments. Sediment lithologies are controlled in turn by a small number of factors: proximity of detrital sources (volcanic and continental); biological productivity and preservation of carbonate and opal; and sedimentation rate. Because of the link with lithology and the wealth of lithological data routinely collected for ODP and DSDP drill cores, bulk geochemical averages can be calculated to better than 30\% for most elements from fewer than ten chemical analyses for a typical drill core (100-1000 m). Combining the geochemical systematics with convergence rate and other parameters permits calculation of regional compositional fluxes for subducting sediment. These regional fluxes can be compared to the compositions of are volcanics to asses the importance of sediment subduction to are volcanism. For the 70\% of the trenches worldwide where estimates can be made, the regional fluxes also provide the basis for a global subducting sediment (GLOSS) composition and flux. GLOSS is dominated by terrigenous material (76 wt\% terrigenous, 7 wt\% calcium carbonate, 10 wt\% opal, 7 wt\% mineral-bound H2O+), and therefore similar to upper continental crust (UCC) in composition. Exceptions include enrichment in Ba, Mn and the middle and heavy REE, and depletions in detrital elements diluted by biogenic material (alkalis, Th, Zr, Hf). Sr and Pb are identical in GLOSS and UCC as a result of a balance between dilution and enrichment by marine phases. GLOSS and the systematics of marine sediments provide an independent approach to the composition of the upper continental crust for detrital elements. Significant discrepancies of up to a factor of two exist between the marine sediment data and current upper crustal estimates for Cs, Nb, Ta and Ti. Suggested revisions to UCC include Cs (7.3 ppm), Nb (13.7 ppm), Ta (0.96 ppm) and TiO2  (0.76 wt\%). These revisions affect recent bulk continental crust estimates for La/Nb and U/Nb, and lead to an even greater contrast between the continents and mantle for these important trace element ratios. GLOSS and the regional sediment data also provide new insights into the mantle sources of oceanic basalts.The classical geochemical distinction between {\textquoteright}pelagic{\textquoteright} and {\textquoteright}terrigenous{\textquoteright} sediment sources is not valid and needs to be replaced by a more comprehensive understanding of the compositional variations in complete sedimentary columns. In addition, isotopic arguments based on surface sediments alone can lead to erroneous conclusions. Specifically, the Nd/Hf ratio of GLOSS relaxes considerably the severe constraints on the amount of sediment recycling into the mantle based on earlier estimates from surface sediment compositions. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0009-2541},
	doi = {10.1016/S0009-2541(97)00150-2},
	author = {Plank, T. and Langmuir, C. H.}
}
@conference {1646,
	title = {High-precision Measurements of 14C as a Circulation Tracer in the Pacific, Indian, and Southern Oceans with Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS)},
	booktitle = {8th International Conference on Heavy Ion Accelerator Technology},
	year = {1998},
	note = {id: 1636},
	month = {1998},
	address = {Argonne National Lab},
	author = {von Reden, K. F. and Peden, J. C. and Schneider, R. J. and Bellino, M. and Donoghue, J. and Elder, K. L. and Gagnon, A. R. and Long, P. and McNichol, A. P. and Morin, T. and Stuart, D. and Hayes, J. M. and Key, R. M.},
	editor = {Shepard, K. American Institute of Physics}
}
@article {776,
	title = {How much deep water is formed in the Southern Ocean?},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans},
	volume = {103},
	year = {1998},
	note = {Zz547Times Cited:115Cited References Count:44},
	month = {Jul 15},
	pages = {15833-15843},
	abstract = {Three tracers are used to place constraints on the production rate of ventilated deep water in the Southern Ocean. The distribution of the water mass tracer PO4* ("phosphate star") in the deep sea suggests that the amount of ventilated deep water produced in the Southern Ocean is equal to or greater than the outflow of North Atlantic Deep Water from the Atlantic. Radiocarbon distributions yield an export flux of water from the North Atlantic which has averaged about 15 Sv over the last several hundred years. CFC inventories are used as a direct indicator of the current production rate of ventilated deep water in the Southern Ocean. Although coverage is as yet sparse, it appears that the CFC inventory is not inconsistent with the deep water production rate required by the distributions of PO4* and radiocarbon. It has been widely accepted that the major part of the deep water production in the Southern Ocean takes place in the Weddell Sea. However, our estimate of the Southern Ocean ventilated deep water flux is in conflict with previous estimates of the flux of ventilated deep water from the Weddell Sea, which lie in the range 1-5 Sv. Possible reasons for this difference are discussed.},
	doi = {10.1029/98jc00248},
	author = {Broecker, W. S. and Peacock, S. L. and Walker, S. and Weiss, R. and Fahrbach, E. and Schroeder, M. and Mikolajewicz, U. and Heinze, C. and Key, R. and Peng, T. H. and Rubin, S.}
}
@conference {1691,
	title = {Microscale AMS 14C Measurement at NOSAMS},
	booktitle = {16th International 14C Conference},
	year = {1998},
	note = {id: 1502},
	month = {1998},
	author = {Pearson, Ann and McNichol, Ann P. and Schneider, Robert J. and von Reden, Karl F.}
}
@article {2262,
	title = {Microscale AMS 14C measurements at NOSAMS},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {40},
	year = {1998},
	note = {id: 1621},
	month = {1998},
	pages = {61-75},
	author = {Pearson, A. and McNichol, A. P. and Schneider, R. J. and von Reden, K. F. and Zheng, Y.}
}
@article {2261,
	title = {Microscale AMS 14C measurements at NOSAMS: (Proceedings of the 16th International Radiocarbon Conference, 1997)},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {40},
	year = {1998},
	note = {id: 1814},
	month = {1998},
	pages = {61-75},
	author = {Pearson, A. and McNichol, A. P. and Schneider, R. J. and von Reden, K. F. and Zheng, Y.}
}
@conference {1692,
	title = {Microscale AMS (super <sup>14</sup>) C measurement at NOSAMS},
	volume = {40},
	year = {1998},
	note = {id: 2237; Source type: conferencepapers\&proceedings; Object type: Article; Object type: Conference Paper; Copyright: GeoRef, Copyright 2007, American Geological Institute.; CSAUnique: 1999-044438; AccNum: 1999-044438; ISSN: 0033-8222; CODEN: RACAAT},
	month = {1998},
	pages = {61-75},
	publisher = {University of Arizona, Department of Geosciences, Tucson, AZ, United States (USA)},
	organization = {University of Arizona, Department of Geosciences, Tucson, AZ, United States (USA)},
	address = {United States (USA)},
	abstract = {Techniques for making precise and accurate radiocarbon accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) measurements on samples containing less than a few hundred micrograms of carbon are being developed at the NOSAMS facility. A detailed examination of all aspects of the sample preparation and data analysis process shows encouraging results. Small quantities of CO (sub 2) are reduced to graphite over cobalt catalyst at an optimal temperature of 605 degrees C. Measured (super 14) C/ (super 12) C ratios of the resulting targets are affected by machine-induced isotopic fractionation, which appears directly related to the decrease in ion current generated by the smaller sample sizes. It is possible to compensate effectively for this fractionation by measuring samples relative to small standards of identical size. Examination of the various potential sources of background (super 14) C contamination indicates that the sample combustion process is the largest contributor, adding ca. 1 mu g of carbon with a less-than-modern (super 14) C concentration.},
	keywords = {03, absolute age, accelerator mass spectroscopy, accuracy, C-14, C-14/C-12, carbon, Carbon dioxide, combustion, data processing, Geochronology, graphite, isotope fractionation, isotopes, mass spectroscopy, mathematical methods, methods, native elements, radioactive isotopes, sample preparation, size, spectroscopy, Stable isotopes},
	doi = {10.1017/S0033822200017902},
	url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10150/653650},
	author = {Pearson, Ann and McNichol, Ann P. and Schneider, Robert J. and von Reden, Karl F. and Zheng, Yan}
}
@conference {1715,
	title = {The NOSAMS Sample Preparation Laboratory: Systems and graphite performance analysis},
	booktitle = {16th International 14C Conference},
	year = {1998},
	note = {id: 1628},
	month = {1998},
	address = {Groninghen},
	author = {Gagnon, A. R. and McNichol, A. P. and Donaghue, J. C. and Morin, T. J. and Peden, J. C.}
}
@article {2276,
	title = {Status Report of the National Ocean Sciences AMS Facility at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution: Operations and Recent Developments},
	journal = {15th International Conference on the Applications of Accelerators in Research and Industry},
	volume = {A.I.P. Conference Proceedings},
	year = {1998},
	note = {id: 1647},
	month = {1998},
	pages = {644-647},
	author = {Bellino, M. and von Reden, K. F. and Schneider, R. J. and Peden, J. C. and Donoghue, J. and Elder, K. L. and Gagnon, A. R. and Long, P. and McNichol, A. P. and Odegaard, A. P. and Stuart, D. and Handwork, S. and Hayes, J. M.}
}
@conference {1800,
	title = {(super 14) C AMS measurements of},
	volume = {40},
	year = {1998},
	note = {id: 2239; Source type: conferencepapers\&proceedings; Object type: Article; Object type: Conference Paper; Copyright: GeoRef, Copyright 2007, American Geological Institute.; CSAUnique: 1999-044459; AccNum: 1999-044459; ISSN: 0033-8222; CODEN: RACAAT},
	month = {1998},
	pages = {247-253},
	publisher = {University of Arizona, Department of Geosciences, Tucson, AZ, United States (USA)},
	organization = {University of Arizona, Department of Geosciences, Tucson, AZ, United States (USA)},
	address = {United States (USA)},
	abstract = {The NOSAMS facility at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution has started to develop and apply techniques for measuring very small samples on a standard Tandetron accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) system with high-current hemispherical Cs sputter ion sources. Over the past year, results on samples ranging from 7 to 160 mu g C showed both the feasibility of such analyses and the present limitations on reducing the size of solid carbon samples. One of the main factors affecting the AMS results is the dependence of a number of the beam optics parameters on the extracted ion beam current. The extracted currents range from 0.5 to 10 mu A of (super 12) C (super -) for the sample sizes given above. We here discuss the setup of the AMS system and methods for reliable small-sample measurements and give the AMS-related limits to sample size and the measurement uncertainties.},
	keywords = {03, absolute age, accelerator mass spectroscopy, C-14, carbon, dilution, Geochronology, ions, isotopes, mass spectroscopy, precision, radioactive isotopes, sample preparation, spectroscopy, volume},
	author = {von Reden, Karl F. and McNichol, Ann P. and Pearson, Ann and Schneider, Robert J.}
}
@article {802,
	title = {Temporal variations of bomb radiocarbon inventory in the Pacific Ocean},
	journal = {Marine Chemistry},
	volume = {60},
	year = {1998},
	note = {Zm128Times Cited:22Cited References Count:18},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {3-13},
	abstract = {The natural and anthropogenic components of the radiocarbon measurements from seawater samples can be successfully separated by an improved method, which is based on a very well-defined relationship between natural radiocarbon and dissolved silica observed mainly during the GEOSECS survey for waters beneath 1000 m depth. This relationship is further reconfirmed by the C-14 measurements from large volume samples taken in the deep waters in the Pacific Ocean during the recent WOCE survey program. Analysis of upper ocean C-14 measurements made along 152 degrees W, and north of 20 degrees N, in the northeastern Pacific Ocean during the NOAA{\textquoteright}s CGC91 cruise, which is a part of the WOCE survey program, indicates that the bomb C-14 inventory in this part of the ocean has increased by 22\% since the GEOSECS measurements made in 1974, This increase is consistent with the model prediction of 25\% for the northern hemisphere ocean. Change of the surface water bomb Delta(14)C values during this period is insignificant, This feature is also consistent with the model simulation. Results of this new analysis will provide useful information of the temporal variations of bomb C-14 inventory in the ocean, in addition to the spatial distribution, which can be used as powerful constraints in calibrating the global ocean carbon cycle models, especially those based on three-dimensional ocean general circulation models, for estimating the uptake of CO2 by the ocean. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.},
	issn = {0304-4203},
	doi = {10.1016/S0304-4203(97)00089-3},
	author = {Peng, T. H. and Key, R. M. and Ostlund, H. G.}
}
@conference {1545,
	title = {14C AMS measurement of C AMS measurement of C AMS measurement of},
	booktitle = {16th International Radiocarbon Conference, Groningen},
	volume = {Book of Abstracts},
	year = {1997},
	note = {id: 952},
	month = {1997},
	pages = {159},
	author = {von Reden, K. and McNichol, A. and Pearson, A. and Schneider, R.}
}
@article {819,
	title = {An abrupt drowning of the Black Sea shelf},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {138},
	year = {1997},
	note = {Xj245Times Cited:283Cited References Count:35},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {119-126},
	abstract = {During latest Quaternary glaciation, the Black Sea became a giant freshwater lake. The surface of this lake drew down to levels more than 100 m below its outlet. When the Mediterranean rose to the Bosporus sill at 7,150 yr BP1, saltwater poured through this spillway to refill the lake and submerge, catastrophically, more than 100,000 km(2) of its exposed continental shelf. The permanent drowning of a vast terrestrial landscape may possibly have accelerated the dispersal of early neolithic foragers and farmers into the interior of Europe at that time. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/S0025-3227(97)00007-8},
	author = {Ryan, W. B. F. and Pitman, W. C. and Major, C. O. and Shimkus, K. and Moskalenko, V. and Jones, G. A. and Dimitrov, P. and Gorur, N. and Sakinc, M. and Yuce, H.}
}
@article {2280,
	title = {AMS measurements of the 14C distribution in the Pacific Ocean},
	journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research},
	volume = {B123},
	year = {1997},
	note = {id: 1673},
	month = {1997},
	pages = {438-442},
	author = {von Reden, K. F. and McNichol, A. P. and Peden, J. C. and Elder, K. L. and Gagnon, A. R. and Schneider, R. J.}
}
@conference {1560,
	title = {AMS measurements of the 14C distribution in the Pacific Ocean},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry},
	volume = {B123},
	year = {1997},
	note = {id: 1644; B123},
	month = {1997},
	pages = {438-442},
	address = {Tucson, AZ},
	author = {von Reden, K. F. and McNichol, A. P. and Peden, J. C. and Elder, K. L. and Gagnon, A. R. and Schneider, R. J.},
	editor = {Jull, A. J. T.}
}
@article {1002,
	title = {Consistent Fractionation of 13C in Nature and in the Laboratory: Growth-rate Effects in Some Haptophyte Algae},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	volume = {11},
	year = {1997},
	note = {id: 1727},
	pages = {279-292},
	abstract = {The carbon isotopic fractionation accompanying formation of biomass by alkenone-producing algae in natural marine environments varies systematically with the concentration of dissolved phosphate. Specifically, if the fractionation is expressed by єP ≈ δe - δp, where δe and δp are the δ13C values for dissolved CO2 and for algal biomass (determined by isotopic analysis of C37 alkadienones), respectively, and if Ce is the concentration of dissolved CO2, μmol kg-1, then b = 38 + 160*[PO4], where [PO4] is the concentration of dissolved phosphate, μM, and b = (25 - єp)Ce. The correlation found between b and [PO4] is due to effects linking nutrient levels to growth rates and cellular carbon budgets for alkenone-containing algae, most likely by trace-metal limitations on algal growth. The relationship reported here is characteristic of 39 samples (r2 = 0.95) from the Santa Monica Basin (six different times during the annual cycle), the equatorial Pacific (boreal spring and fall cruises as well as during an iron-enrichment experiment), and the Peru upwelling zone. Points representative of samples from the Sargasso Sea ([PO4] <= 0.1 μM) fall above the b = f[PO4] line. Analysis of correlations expected between μ (growth rate), єp, and Ce shows that, for our entire data set, most variations in єp result from variations in μ rather than Ce. Accordingly, before concentrations of dissolved CO2 can be estimated from isotopic fractionations, some means of accounting for variations in growth rate must be found, perhaps by drawing on relationships between [PO4] and Cd/Ca ratios in shells of planktonic foraminifera.},
	doi = {10.1029/96GB03939},
	author = {Bidigare, Robert R. and Fluegge, Arnim and Freeman, Katherine H. and Hanson, Kristi L. and Hayes, John M. and Hollander, David and Jasper, John P. and King, Linda L. and Laws, Edward A. and Milder, Jeffrey and Millero, Frank J. and Pancost, Richard and Popp, Brian N. and Sternberg, Paul A. and Wakeham, Stuart G.}
}
@conference {1607,
	title = {Determination of the radiocarbon ages of individual PAH extracted from urban aerosol and marine sediment},
	booktitle = {16th International Radiocarbon Conference},
	volume = {Book of Abstracts},
	year = {1997},
	note = {id: 951},
	month = {1997},
	pages = {148},
	address = {Groningen},
	author = {Pearson, A. and Eglinton, T. I. and McNichol, A. P. and Currie, L. A. and Schneider, R. J. and von Reden, K. F. and Benner, B. A. and Wise, S. A.}
}
@article {2294,
	title = {Mass transport deposits of Amazon Fans},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results},
	volume = {155},
	year = {1997},
	note = {id: 1279},
	month = {1997},
	author = {Piper, D. J. and Pirmez, C. and Flood, R. and Long, D. and Manely, P. and Normark, W. and Showers, W.}
}
@conference {1699,
	title = {The National Ocean Sciences AMS (NOSAMS) Sample Preparation Laboratory: Systems and Graphite Performance Analysis},
	booktitle = {International Radiocarbon Conference},
	year = {1997},
	note = {id: 962},
	month = {1997},
	address = {Groningen, Nethlands},
	author = {Gagnon, A. R. and McNichol, A. P. and Donoghue, J. C. and Morin, T. J. and Peden, J. C.}
}
@article {2305,
	title = {Preliminary results of the first scientific drilling on Lake Baikal, Buguldeika site, southeastern Siberia},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	volume = {37},
	year = {1997},
	note = {Vq100Times Cited:44
Cited References Count:29
},
	month = {1997},
	pages = {3-17},
	abstract = {The Baikal Drilling Project (BDP) is a multinational effort to investigate the paleoclimatic history and tectonic evolution of the Baikal sedimentary basin during the Late Neogene. In March 1993 the Baikal drilling system was successfuly deployed from a barge frozen into position over a topographic high, termed the Buguldeika saddle, in the southern basin of Lake Baikal. The BDP-93 scientific team, made up of Russian, American and Japanese scientists, successfully recovered the first long (>100 m) hydraulic piston cores from two holes in 354 m of water. High quality cores of 98 m (Hole 1) and 102 m (Hole 2), representing sedimentation over the last 500,000 years, were collected in 78 mm diameter plastic liners with an average recovery of 72\% and 90\%, respectively. Magnetic susceptibility logging reveals an excellent hole-to-hole correlation. In this report the scientific team describes the preliminary analytical results from BDP-93 hole 1 cores. Radiocarbon dating by accelerator mass spectrometry provides an accurate chronology for the upper portion of Hole 1. Detailed lithologic characteristics, rock magnetic properties and inorganic element distributions show a significant change to the depositional environment occuring at 50 m subbottom depth, approximately 250,000 BP. This change may be due to uplift and rotation of the horst block in the Buguldeika saddle. The sedimentary section above 50 m is pelitic with varve-like laminae, whereas the section below 50 m contains a high proportion of sand and gravel horizons often organized into turbidite sequences. Accordingly, high resolution seismic records reveal a change in sonic velocity at this depth. It is inferred that sedimentation prior to 250 ka BP was from the west via the Buguldeika river system. After 250 ka BP the Buguldeika saddle reflects an increase in hemipelagic sediments admired with fine-grained material from the Selenga River drainage basin, east of Lake Baikal. Variations in the spore-pollen assemblage, diatoms, biogenic silica content, rock magnetic properties, clay mineralogy and organic carbon in the upper 50 m of BDP-93-1 reveal a detailed record of climate change over approximately the last 250,000 years. These variables alternate in a pattern characteristic of glacial/interglacial climatic fluctuations. The present age model suggests that the climate signal recorded in Lake Baikal sediments is similar to Late Quaternary signals recorded in Chinese loess sections and in marine sediments. Copyright (C) 1996 INQUA/Elsevier Science Ltd},
	keywords = {asia, tectonics},
	isbn = {1040-6182},
	author = {Colman, S. and Grachev, M. and Hearn, P. and Horie, S. and Kawai, T. and Kuzmin, M. and Logachov, N. and Fialkov, V. and Gorigljad, A. and Tomilov, B. and Khakhaev, B. and Kochikov, S. and Lykov, V. and Pevzner, L. and Bucharov, A. and Karabanov, E. and Logachev, N. and Mats, V. and Bardardinov, A. and Baranova, E. and Khlystov, O. and Khrachenko, V. and Shimaraeva, M. and Stolbova, E. and Komakova, E. and Efremova, S. and Gvozdkov, A. and Kravchinski, V. and Peck, J. and Fileva, T. and Kashik, S. and Khramtsova, T. and Kalashnikova, I. and Rasskazova, T. and Tatarnikova, V. and Yuretich, R. and Mazilov, V. and Takemura, K. and Bobrov, V. and Gunicheva, T. and Haraguchi, H. and Ito, S. and Kocho, T. and Kuzmin, M. and Markova, M. and Pampura, V. and Proidakova, O. and Ishiwatari, R. and Sawatari, H. and Takeuchi, A. and Toyoda, K. and Vorobieva, S. and Ikeda, A. and Marui, A. and Nakamura, T. and Ogura, K. and Ohta, T. and King, J. and Sakai, H. and Yokoyama, T. and Hayashida, A. and Bezrukova, E. and Fowell, S. and Fuji, N. and Letunova, P. and Misharina, V. and Miyoshi, N. and Chernyaeva, G. and Ignatova, I. and Likhoshvai, E. and Stoermer, E. and Granina, L. and Levina, O. and Dolgikh, P. and Lazo, F. and Lutskaia, N. and Orem, W. and Wada, E. and Williams, D. and Yamada, K. and Yamada, S. and Callander, E. and Golobokoval, L. and Shanks, P. and Dorofeeva, R. and Duchkov, A.}
}
@article {745,
	title = {Variability in radiocarbon ages of individual organic compounds from marine sediments},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {277},
	year = {1997},
	note = {Xq247Times Cited:175Cited References Count:37},
	month = {Aug 8},
	pages = {796-799},
	abstract = {Organic carbon (OC) from multiple sources can be delivered contemporaneously to aquatic sediments. The influence of different OC inputs on carbon-14-based sediment chronologies is illustrated in the carbon-14 ages of purified, source-specific (biomarker) organic compounds from near-surface sediments underlying two contrasting marine systems, the Black Sea and the Arabian Sea, In the Black Sea, isotopic heterogeneity of n-alkanes indicated that OC was contributed from both fossil and contemporary sources. Compounds reflecting different source inputs to the Arabian Sea exhibit a 10,000-year range in conventional carbon-14 ages. Radiocarbon measurements of biomarkers of marine photoautotrophy enable sediment chronologies to be constructed independent of detrital OC influences.},
	issn = {0036-8075},
	doi = {10.1126/science.277.5327.796},
	author = {Eglinton, T. I. and BenitezNelson, B. C. and Pearson, A. and McNichol, A. P. and Bauer, J. E. and Druffel, E. R. M.}
}
@article {780,
	title = {An 84-kyr paleomagnetic record from the sediments of Lake Baikal, Siberia},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth},
	volume = {101},
	year = {1996},
	note = {Ul090Times Cited:76Cited References Count:48},
	month = {May 10},
	pages = {11365-11385},
	abstract = {We have conducted a paleomagnetic study of sediment cores obtained from the Selenga prodelta region of Lake Baikal, Russia. This record, which spans approximately the last 84 kyr, contributes to a better understanding of the nature of geomagnetic field behavior in Siberia and is a useful correlation and dating tool. We demonstrate that the Lake Baikal sediments are recording variations in the geomagnetic field. The directional record displays secular variation behavior with a geomagnetic excursion at 20 ka and additional excursions appearing as large-amplitude secular variation at 41, 61, and 67 ka. Smoothing of the geomagnetic excursion behavior occurs in Lake Baikal sediments owing to the intermediate sedimentation rate (13 cm kyr(-1)). The Lake Baikal relative paleointensity record correlates to absolute paleointensity data for the last 10 kyr and to relative paleointensity records from the Mediterranean Sea and Indian Ocean for the last 84 kyr. This correlation suggests a strong global (i.e., dipole) component to these records and further supports the reliability of sediments as recorders of relative geomagnetic paleointensity. We show that a relative geomagnetic intensity stratigraphy has a potential resolution of 7 kyr by correlating continental and marine records. The geomagnetic intensity stratigraphy helps constrain the age of the difficult to date Lake Baikal sediments.},
	issn = {2169-9313},
	doi = {10.1029/96jb00328},
	author = {Peck, J. A. and King, J. W. and Colman, S. M. and Kravchinsky, V. A.}
}
@article {841,
	title = {AMS radiocarbon analyses from Lake Baikal, Siberia: Challenges of dating sediments from a large, oligotrophic lake},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {15},
	year = {1996},
	note = {Vp609Times Cited:112Cited References Count:29},
	pages = {669-684},
	abstract = {A suite of 146 new accelerator-mass spectrometer (AMS) radiocarbon ages provides the first reliable chronology for late Quaternary sediments in Lake Baikal. In this large, highly oligotrophic lake, biogenic and authigenic carbonate are absent, and plant macrofossils are extremely rare. Total organic carbon is therefore the primary material available for dating. Several problems are associated with the TOC ages. One is the mixture of carbon sources in TOC, not all of which are syndepositional in age. This problem manifests itself in apparent ages for the sediment surface that are greater than zero. However, because most of the organic carbon in Lake Baikal sediments is algal (autochthonous) in origin, this effect is limited to about 1000+/-500 years, which can be corrected, at least for young deposits. The other major problem with dating Lake Baikal sediments is the very low carbon contents of glacial-age deposits, which makes them extremely susceptible to contamination with modern carbon. This problem can be minimized by careful sampling and handling procedures.The ages show almost an order of magnitude difference in sediment-accumulation rates among different sedimentary environments in Lake Baikal, from about 0.04 mm/year on isolated banks such as Academician Ridge, to nearly 0.3 mm/year in the turbidite depositional areas beneath the deep basin floors, such as the Central Basin. The new AMS ages clearly indicate that the dramatic increase in diatom productivity in the lake, as evidenced by increases in biogenic silica and organic carbon, began about 13 ka, in contrast to previous estimates of 7 ka for the age of this transition. Holocene net sedimentation rates may be less than, equal to, or greater than those in the late Pleistocene, depending on the site. This variability reflects the balance between variable terrigenous sedimentation and increased biogenic sedimentation during interglaciations. The ages reported here, and the temporal and spatial variation in sedimentation rates that they imply, provide opportunities for paleoenvironmental reconstructions at different time scales and resolutions. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd},
	issn = {0277-3791},
	doi = {10.1016/0277-3791(96)00027-3},
	author = {Colman, S. M. and Jones, G. A. and Rubin, M. and King, J. W. and Peck, J. A. and Orem, W. H.}
}
@article {1503,
	title = {Cape May site report},
	volume = {150X and suppl.},
	year = {1996},
	note = {id: 55},
	month = {1996},
	pages = {59 pp},
	institution = {Proc. ODP, Init. Repts},
	address = {College Station, TX},
	author = {Miller, K. G. and Liu, C. and Browning, J. V. and Pekar, S. and Sugarman, P. and Van Fossen, M. C. and Mullikin, L. and Queen, D. and Feigenson, M. D. and Aubry, M. P. and Burckle, L. D. and Powars, D. and Heibel, T.}
}
@article {853,
	title = {Character, paleoenvironment, rate of accumulation, and evidence for seismic triggering of Holocene turbidites, Canada Abyssal Plain, Arctic Ocean},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {133},
	year = {1996},
	note = {Uy014Times Cited:36Cited References Count:46},
	month = {Jul},
	pages = {51-73},
	abstract = {Four box cores and one piston core show that Holocene sedimentation on the southern Canada Abyssal Plain for the last 8010 +/- 120 yr has consisted of a continuing rain of pelagic organic and ice-rafted elastic sediment with a net accumulation rate during the late Holocene of less than or equal to 10 mm/1000 yr, and episodically emplaced turbidites 1-5 m thick deposited at intervals of 830 to 3450 yr (average 2000 yr). The average net accumulation rate of the mixed sequence of turbidites and thin pelagite interbeds in the cores is about 1.2 m/1000 yr.Physiography suggests that the turbidites originated on the Mackenzie Delta or its clinoform, and delta(13)C values of -27 to -25 parts per thousand in the turbidites are compatible with a provenance on a delta. Extant displaced neritic and lower slope to basin plain calcareous benthic foraminifers coexist in the turbidite units. Their joint occurence indicates that the turbidites originated on the modern continental shelf and entrained sediment from the slope and rise enroute to their final resting place on the Canada Abyssal Plain. The presence of Middle Pleistocene diatoms in the turbidites suggests, in addition, that the turbidites may have originated in shallow submarine slides beneath the upper slope or outer shelf. Small but consistent differences in organic carbon content and delta(13)C values between the turbidite units suggest that they did not share an identical provenance, which is at least compatible with an origin in slope failures.The primary provenance of the ice-rafted component of the pelagic beds was the glaciated terrane of northwestern Canada; and the provenance of the turbidite units was Pleistocene and Holocene sedimentary deposits on the outer continental shelf and upper slope of the Mackenzie Delta. Largely local derivation of the sediment of the Canada Abyssal Plain indicates that sediment accumulation rates in the Arctic Ocean are valid only for regions with similar depositional sources and processes, and that these rates cannot be extrapolated regionally. The location of an elliptical zone of active seismicity over the inferred provenance of the turbidites suggests that they were triggered by large earthquakes.Distal turbidite sediment accumulation rates were more than two orders of magnitude greater than pelagic sediment accumulation rates on the Canada Abyssal Plain during the last 8000 years. This disparity reconciles the discrepancy between the high accumulation rates assumed by some for the Arctic Ocean because of the numerous major rivers and large ice sheets that discharge into this small mediterranean basin and the low pelagic sedimentation rates that have been reported from the Arctic Ocean.},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/0025-3227(96)00015-1},
	author = {Grantz, A. and Phillips, R. L. and Mullen, M. W. and Starratt, S. W. and Jones, G. A. and Naidu, A. S. and Finney, B. P.}
}
@article {840,
	title = {A comparison of methods for the measurement of dissolved organic carbon in natural waters},
	journal = {Marine Chemistry},
	volume = {54},
	year = {1996},
	note = {Vj296Times Cited:50Cited References Count:49},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {85-96},
	abstract = {A small suite of natural samples spanning a wide range of DOC concentrations and salinities were analyzed by three high-temperature combustion (HTC) techniques and persulfate oxidation, One of the HTC techniques, sealed-tube combustion (STC), served as a referee method, Using this method, it was possible to obtain absolute DOC concentrations for the natural samples free of any analytical blank offset, Prior to the comparison of samples, an exchange of carbon-free water and calibration standards showed that all methods were equally well calibrated, Linear correlation analysis was used to differentiate whether the differences observed between methods was due to variable oxidation yields or to an artifact of the instrument blank, Agreement among the various methods was quite good, but yields for all methods decreased compared to the STC technique at concentrations of > 400 mu M C. Persulfate results were found to be very similar to HTC results. Finally, carbon-free distilled water prepared by UV/H2O2 oxidation or Milli-Q systems had near-zero DOC concentrations and was adequate for blank correction of all the various techniques yielding DOC concentrations in excellent agreement with the referee method.},
	issn = {0304-4203},
	doi = {10.1016/0304-4203(96)00023-0},
	author = {Peltzer, E. T. and Fry, B. and Doering, P. H. and McKenna, J. H. and Norrman, B. and Zweifel, U. L.}
}
@article {2336,
	title = {Compound specific radiocarbon analysis as a tool to quantitatively apportion modern and fossil sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental matrices.},
	journal = {Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society},
	volume = {212},
	year = {1996},
	note = {1Va915
Times Cited:0
Cited References Count:0
},
	month = {Aug 25},
	pages = {65-Envr},
	isbn = {0065-7727},
	author = {Eglinton, T. I. and Pearson, A. and McNichol, A. P. and Currie, L. A. and Benner, B. A. and Wise, S. A.}
}
@conference {1635,
	title = {Expanded Small Sample Capabilities at NOSAMS: Preparation and Analysis of Conventional Graphite Targets Containing 0.15 mg Carbon},
	booktitle = {7th International Conference on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry},
	volume = {38},
	year = {1996},
	note = {id: 946; 1},
	month = {1996},
	pages = {97},
	publisher = {Radiocarbon},
	organization = {Radiocarbon},
	address = {Tucson, AZ},
	author = {Pearson, A. and McNichol, A. P. and Schneider, R. J. and von Reden, K. F.}
}
@article {740,
	title = {Increased continental-margin slumping frequency during sea-level lowstands above gas hydrate-bearing sediments},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {24},
	year = {1996},
	note = {Tt580Times Cited:86Cited References Count:26},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {143-146},
	abstract = {We present C-14 data on sediment samples from cores of the upper 7 m of the sediment column overlying a major continental-rise gas hydrate field on the southern Carolina Rise and inner Blake Ridge offshore the southeastern United States. The data show that glacial-age sediments are underrepresented in the cores. The observation is consistent with a previously predicted association between sea-level lowstands and increased frequency of sea-floor slumping on continental margins containing gas hydrates.},
	issn = {0091-7613},
	doi = {10.1130/0091-7613(1996)024<0143:Icmsfd>2.3.Co;2},
	author = {Paull, C. K. and Buelow, W. J. and Ussler, W. and Borowski, W. S.}
}
@article {2330,
	title = {Initial results from paleoclimatic drilling and geophysical studies of Washoe Lake, Nevada},
	journal = {USGS Circular 1119, Water Resources Division},
	year = {1996},
	note = {id: 1245},
	month = {1996},
	pages = {37-38},
	author = {Karlin, R. and Trexler, J. and Petersen, R.}
}
@article {2337,
	title = {Isolation of Individual Organic Compounds for AMS Radiocarbon Analysis--A Novel Approach},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {38},
	year = {1996},
	note = {id: 1650},
	month = {1996},
	pages = {26},
	author = {Eglinton, T. I. and McNichol, A. P. and Benitez-Nelson, B. C. and Pearson, A. and von Reden, K. F. and Schneider, R. J. and Bauer, J. E. and Druffel, E. R. M.}
}
@conference {1658,
	title = {Isolation of Individual Organic Compounds for AMS Radiocarbon Analysis -- A Novel Approach},
	booktitle = {7th International Conference on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry},
	volume = {38},
	year = {1996},
	note = {id: 1800; 1},
	month = {1996},
	pages = {26},
	publisher = {Radiocarbon},
	organization = {Radiocarbon},
	address = {Tucson, AZ},
	author = {Eglinton, T. I. and McNichol, A. P. and Benitez-Nelson, B. C. and Pearson, A. and von Reden, K. F. and Schneider, R. J. and Bauer, J. E. and Druffel, E. R. M.}
}
@conference {1718,
	title = {ODP drilling on the Amazon Fan; initial results on growth pattern and timing of fan sedimentation},
	booktitle = {Annual Meeting Abstracts--American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists},
	volume = {5},
	year = {1996},
	note = {id: 23},
	month = {1996},
	pages = {47},
	publisher = {American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists},
	organization = {American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists},
	address = {San Diego, CA},
	author = {Flood, R. D. and Piper, D. J. W.}
}
@conference {1782,
	title = {Ryder Pond: A drought-induced natural acidification experiment},
	booktitle = {Ecological Society of America (ESA) meeting},
	year = {1996},
	note = {id: 94},
	month = {1996},
	address = {Providence, RI},
	author = {Winkler, M. G. and Portnoy, J.}
}
@article {2342,
	title = {Amazon continental margin high resolution records of the penultimate interglacial},
	journal = {Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union},
	volume = {76},
	year = {1995},
	note = {id: 1276},
	month = {1995},
	pages = {174},
	author = {Showers, W. J. and Genna, B. and Price, P.}
}
@conference {1556,
	title = {Amazon Continental Margin High Resolution Records of Western Tropical Atlantic circulation over the past 130 ky},
	booktitle = {International Conference of Paleoceanography},
	year = {1995},
	note = {id: 1280},
	month = {1995},
	address = {Halifax, Canada},
	author = {Showers, William J. and Genna, Bernard and Price, Pamela}
}
@article {2352,
	title = {Continental climate response to orbital forcing from biogenic silica records in Lake Baikal, Siberia},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {378},
	year = {1995},
	note = {id: 1357},
	month = {1995},
	pages = {769-771},
	author = {Colman, S. M. and Peck, J. A. and B, Karabanov E. and Carter, S. J. and Bradbury, J. P. and King, J. W. and Williams, D. F.}
}
@conference {1609,
	title = {Developments at the NOSAMS Facility During 1995},
	booktitle = {Symposium of Northeastern Accelerator Personnel},
	year = {1995},
	note = {id: 1799},
	month = {1995},
	address = {Durham, NC},
	author = {von Reden, K. F. and Cohen, G. J. and Dalton, M. J. and Peden, J. C. and Schneider, R. J.}
}
@article {2346,
	title = {Geological framework, processes, and rates of subsidence in the Mississippi River delta plain},
	journal = {AAPG Bulletin},
	volume = {79},
	year = {1995},
	note = {id: 65},
	month = {1995},
	pages = {1565-1566},
	author = {Penland, P. Shea and Jeffress, Williams S. and Roberts, Harry H. and Bailey, Alan and Kuecher, Gerald J. and Suhayda, Joseph N. and Ramsey, Karen E.}
}
@conference {1736,
	title = {Paleodischarge events on the Amazon Fan during the last glacial},
	booktitle = {AGU Annual Fall Meeting},
	year = {1995},
	note = {id: 1281},
	month = {1995},
	address = {San Francisco, California},
	author = {Showers, William J. and Genna, Bernard and Price, Pamela and Flood, Roger and Piper, David}
}
@article {2353,
	title = {Tree Survival and Growth on Land Reclaimed in Accord with Public-Law-95-87},
	journal = {Journal of Environmental Quality},
	volume = {24},
	year = {1995},
	note = {Rj934Times Cited:17
Cited References Count:18
},
	month = {Jul-Aug},
	pages = {630-634},
	abstract = {The objective of this study was to determine survival and growth of black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) and northern red oak (Quercus alba L.) 12 yr after planting on a surface-mined site in southern Indiana reclaimed according to specifications of Public Law 95-87, the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977. A stocking level adequate to meet the requirements for forest land use (1112 trees/ha, or 450 trees/acre) was attained only for black walnut and only if competing ground cover vegetation was controlled in the tree rows. Height of both tree species was significantly greater when ground cover vegetation was controlled during the first 2 yr, but the growth rate, approximately 10 cm/yr, was very slow.},
	isbn = {0047-2425},
	author = {Chaney, W. R. and Pope, P. E. and Byrnes, W. R.}
}
@article {2345,
	title = {Two-step deglaciation of the southeastern Barents Sea},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {23},
	year = {1995},
	note = {id: 62},
	month = {1995},
	pages = {567-571},
	author = {Polyak, L. and Lehman, S. J. and Gataulin, V. and Jull, A. J. T.}
}
@article {2363,
	title = {Analysis of a large hydrochemical data base for the Death Valley region, Nevada and California},
	journal = {Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union},
	volume = {75},
	year = {1994},
	note = {id: 1286},
	month = {1994},
	pages = {309},
	author = {Perfect, D. L. and Steinkampf, W. C. and Turner, A. K.}
}
@article {2364,
	title = {Hydrochemical data base for the Death Valley region, California and Nevada},
	journal = {Open-File Report--U. S. Geological Survey},
	year = {1994},
	note = {id: 1287},
	month = {1994},
	author = {Perfect, D. L. and Faunt, C. C. and Steinkampf, W. C. and Turner, A. K.}
}
@article {889,
	title = {Integrated Dating Techniques to Determine the Age of a Glauconite Deposit on the Modern Seafloor},
	journal = {EOS, Transactions,American Geophysical Union},
	volume = {75},
	year = {1994},
	note = {id: 901},
	pages = {198},
	author = {am Ende, B. A. and Paull, C. K. and Benninger, L.}
}
@article {2372,
	title = {Latest Quaternary Sedimentation in the Kerch Strait Area of the Black Sea Shelf: Response to Glacial Sea Level Fluctuation},
	journal = {EOS,Transactions,American Geophysical Union},
	volume = {75},
	year = {1994},
	note = {id: 914},
	month = {1994},
	pages = {204},
	author = {Major, C. O. and Ryan, W. B. F. and Pitman, W. C., III and Shimkus, K. M. and Jones, G. A. and O{\textquoteright}Connell, S.}
}
@conference {1719,
	title = {ODP Initial Reports, Leg 150X},
	booktitle = {Ocean Drilling Program},
	year = {1994},
	note = {id: 1347},
	month = {1994},
	pages = {59},
	address = {College Station, TX},
	author = {Miller, K. G. and Liu, C. and Browning, J. V. and Pekar, S. F. and Sugarman, P. J. and Van Fossen, M. C. and Mullikin, L. and Queen, D. and Feigenson, M. D. and Aubry, M. P. and Burckle, L. D. and Powars, D. and Heibel, T.}
}
@article {2365,
	title = {A rock-magnetic record from Lake Baikal, Siberia: Evidence for Late Quaternary climate change},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {1222},
	year = {1994},
	note = {id: 15},
	month = {1994},
	pages = {221-238},
	author = {Peck, J. A. and King, J. W. and Colman, S. M. and Kravchinsky, V. A.}
}
@article {1496,
	title = {Sampling the marine gashydrate reservoir: Assessing the methane inventory, internal dynamics, and potential of methane discharges to the atmosphere. Final progress report},
	volume = {DOEER61010T11},
	year = {1993},
	note = {id: 59},
	month = {1993},
	pages = {7 pp},
	institution = {California University},
	address = {Davis, CA},
	author = {Paull, C.}
}
@article {2396,
	title = {The new National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometer Facility at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution-Progress and first results (Proceedings of the 14th International Radiocarbon Conference, 1991)},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {34},
	year = {1992},
	note = {id: 1787},
	month = {1992},
	pages = {476-481},
	author = {von Reden, K. F. and Jones, G. A. and Schneider, R. J. and McNichol, A. P. and Cohen, G. J. and Purser, K. H.}
}
@conference {1710,
	title = {The new National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometer Facility at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution - Progress and First Results},
	booktitle = {14th International Radiocarbon Conference 1991},
	volume = {34},
	year = {1992},
	note = {id: 1618},
	month = {1992},
	pages = {476-481},
	publisher = {Radiocarbon},
	organization = {Radiocarbon},
	author = {von Reden, K. F. and Jones, G. A. and Schneider, R. J. and McNichol, A. P. and Cohen, G. J. and Purser, K. H.},
	editor = {Long, A.}
}
@conference {1813,
	title = {A triple-isotope injector for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry: Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference},
	booktitle = {IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference},
	volume = {2},
	year = {1991},
	note = {id: 923},
	month = {1991},
	pages = {878-880},
	address = {San Francisco, CA},
	author = {Schneider, R. J. and von Reden, K. F. and Purser, K. H.}
}
