@article {257,
	title = {Comparing glacial and Holocene opal fluxes in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean},
	journal = {Paleoceanography},
	volume = {24},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 836; 455GX Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:97Y},
	abstract = {The silicic acid leakage hypothesis (SALH) predicts that during glacial periods excess silicic acid was transported from the Southern Ocean to lower latitudes, which favored diatom production over coccolithophorid production and caused a drawdown of atmospheric CO2. Downcore records of Th-230-normalized opal (biogenic silica) fluxes from 31 cores in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean were used to compare diatom productivity during the last glacial period to that of the Holocene and to examine the evidence for increased glacial Si export to the tropics. Average glacial opal fluxes south of the modern Antarctic Polar Front (APF) were less than during the Holocene, while average glacial opal fluxes north of the APF were greater than during the Holocene. However, the magnitude of the increase north of the APF was not enough to offset decreased fluxes to the south, resulting in a decrease in opal burial in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean during the last glacial period, equivalent to approximately 15 Gt opal ka(-1). This is consistent with the work of Chase et al. (2003a), and satisfies the primary requirement of the SALH, assuming that the upwelled supply of Si was approximately equivalent during the Holocene and the glacial period. However, previous results from the equatorial oceans are inconsistent with the other predictions of the SALH, namely that either the C-org:CaCO3 ratio or the rate of opal burial should have increased during glacial periods. We compare the magnitudes of changes in the Southern Ocean and the tropics and suggest that Si escaping the glacial Southern Ocean must have had an alternate destination, possibly the continental margins. There is currently insufficient data to test this hypothesis, but the existence of this sink and its potential impact on glacial pCO(2) remain interesting topics for future study.},
	issn = {0883-8305},
	doi = {10.1029/2008pa001693},
	author = {Bradtmiller, L. I. and Anderson, R. F. and Fleisher, M. Q. and Burckle, L. H.}
}
@article {331,
	title = {Wind-Driven Upwelling in the Southern Ocean and the Deglacial Rise in Atmospheric CO2},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {323},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 835; 417TP Times Cited:18 Cited References Count:69Y},
	pages = {1443-1448},
	abstract = {Wind-driven upwelling in the ocean around Antarctica helps regulate the exchange of carbon dioxide (CO2) between the deep sea and the atmosphere, as well as the supply of dissolved silicon to the euphotic zone of the Southern Ocean. Diatom productivity south of the Antarctic Polar Front and the subsequent burial of biogenic opal in underlying sediments are limited by this silicon supply. We show that opal burial rates, and thus upwelling, were enhanced during the termination of the last ice age in each sector of the Southern Ocean. In the record with the greatest temporal resolution, we find evidence for two intervals of enhanced upwelling concurrent with the two intervals of rising atmospheric CO2 during deglaciation. These results directly link increased ventilation of deep water to the deglacial rise in atmospheric CO2.},
	issn = {0036-8075},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1167441},
	author = {Anderson, R. F. and Ali, S. and Bradtmiller, L. I. and Nielsen, S. H. H. and Fleisher, M. Q. and Anderson, B. E. and Burckle, L. H.}
}
