@article {2974,
	title = {Cultural Keystone Places and the Chumash Landscapes of Kumqaq{\textquoteright}, Point Conception, California},
	journal = {American Antiquity},
	volume = {87},
	year = {2022},
	month = {03/2022},
	pages = {487 - 504},
	abstract = {The places in which people live and spend time are steeped in history, memory, and meaning from the intersection of daily life, environmental interactions, cultural practices, and ritual. Geologic features, plants, animals, and ecosystems merge with these cultural histories, forming critical parts of the landscape and areas of {\textquotedblleft}high cultural salience,{\textquotedblright} or {\textquotedblleft}cultural keystone places{\textquotedblright} (CKPs). We identify Kumqaq{\textquoteright} (Point Conception) and the surrounding area in California as a Chumash CKP. Ethnohistoric accounts and contemporary Chumash community members have long demonstrated the importance of Point Conception in Chumash worldview and identity, whereas biologists, ecologists, and conservationists reference the area{\textquoteright}s rich biodiversity and significance as a biogeographical boundary. Recent archaeological survey of the coastline surrounding Kumqaq{\textquoteright} highlights these connections, identifying over 50 archaeological sites{\textemdash}including shell middens, villages, lithic scatters, and rock art{\textemdash}with at least 9,000 years of occupation. Ongoing collaborations among archaeologists, the Nature Conservancy, and Chumash community members help document and understand the long-term linkages between cultural and biological diversity and how integrating these perspectives can help ensure the resilience of this nexus of human and natural history in the Anthropocene future.},
	doi = {10.1017/aaq.2021.154},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-antiquity/article/cultural-keystone-places-and-the-chumash-landscapes-of-kumqaq-point-conception-california/16A429D7AA4ACF06CE3005A1578A054B/share/c7af0ac75459bd572e942e9246aa0d3791fae5e1},
	author = {Rick, Torben C. and Braje, Todd J. and Graham, Lain and Easterday, Kelly and Hofman, Courtney A. and Holguin, Brian E. and Mychajliw, Alexis M. and Reeder-Myers, Leslie A. and Reynolds, Mark D.}
}
@inbook {1401,
	title = {Exploring human subsistence at CA-SMI-575NE: An 8400-year-old shell midden on San Miguel Island, California},
	booktitle = {Exploring Methods of Faunal Analysis: Insights from California Archaeology},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2069},
	month = {2012},
	publisher = {Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press},
	organization = {Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press},
	isbn = {9781931745871},
	author = {Erlandson, Jon M. and Braje, Todd J.},
	editor = {Glassow, M.}
}
@inbook {1389,
	title = {Resilience and reorganization: Archaeology and the historical ecology of California Channel Island sea mammals},
	booktitle = {Human Impacts on Seals, Sea Lions, and Sea Otters},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2068},
	month = {2011},
	publisher = {University of California Press},
	organization = {University of California Press},
	isbn = {9780520267268},
	author = {Braje, Todd J. and Rick, Torben C. and DeLong, Robert L. and Erlandson, Jon M.},
	editor = {Rick, T. C.}
}
@article {290,
	title = {Fishing from past to present: continuity and resilience of red abalone fisheries on the Channel Islands, California},
	journal = {Ecological Applications},
	volume = {19},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 2060; PT: J; UT: WOS:000266281400008},
	pages = {906-919},
	abstract = {Archaeological data from coastal shell middens provide a window into the structure of ancient marine ecosystems and the nature of human impacts on fisheries that often span millennia. For decades Channel Island archaeologists have studied Middle Holocene shell middens visually dominated by large and often whole shells of the red abalone (Haliotis rufescens). Here we use modern ecological data, historical accounts, commercial red abalone catch records, and zooarchaeological data to examine long-term spatial and temporal variation in the productivity of red abalone fisheries on the Northern Channel Islands, California (USA). Historical patterns of abundance, in which red abalone densities increase from east to west through the islands, extend deep into the Holocene. The correlation of historical and archaeological data argue for long-term spatial continuity in productive red abalone fisheries and a resilience of abalone populations despite dramatic ecological changes and intensive human predation spanning more than 8000 years. Archaeological, historical, and ecological data suggest that California kelp forests and red abalone populations are structured by a complex combination of top-down and bottom-up controls.},
	issn = {1051-0761},
	doi = {10.1890/08-0135.1},
	author = {Braje, Todd J. and Erlandson, Jon M. and Rick, Torben C. and Dayton, Paul K. and Hatch, Marco B. A.}
}
@article {282,
	title = {Fishing up the Food Web?: 12,000 Years of Maritime Subsistence and Adaptive Adjustments on California{\textquoteright}s Channel Islands},
	journal = {Pacific Science},
	volume = {63},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 2059; PT: J; UT: WOS:000270849400011},
	pages = {711-724},
	abstract = {Archaeologists working on California{\textquoteright}s northern Channel Islands have produced an essentially continuous record of Native American fishing and nearshore ecological changes spanning die last 12,000 years. To search for evidence of Pauly{\textquoteright}s "fishing down the foodweb" pattern typical of recent historical fisheries, we analyzed variation in the dietary importance of major marine faunal classes (shellfish, fish, marine mammals) on the islands through time. Faunal data suggest that the Island Chumash and their predecessors focused primarily on low-trophic-level shellfish during the Early and Middle Holocene, before shifting their economic focus to finfish and pinnipeds during the Late Holocene. Replicated in faunal sequences from the adjacent mainland, this trans-Holocene pattern suggests that Native Americans fished Lip the food web, a strategy that may have been more sustainable and had fewer ecological repercussions. Emerging technological data suggest, however, that some of the earliest Channel Islanders focused more heavily on higher-trophic-level animals, including marine mammals, seabirds, and waterfowl. These data emphasize the differences between the primarily subsistence-based foraging strategies of ancient Channel Islanders and the globalized market-based fisheries of modern and historic times, with important implications for understanding the long-term evolution and historical ecology of marine ecosystems.},
	issn = {0030-8870},
	doi = {10.2984/049.063.0411},
	author = {Erlandson, Jon M. and Rick, Torben C. and Braje, Todd J.}
}
@article {994,
	title = {Molluscs and mass harvesting in the Middle Holocene: Prey size and resource ranking on San Miguel Island, Alta California},
	journal = {California Archaeology},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 2070},
	pages = {263--289},
	doi = {10.1179/cal.2009.1.2.269},
	author = {Braje, Todd J. and Erlandson, Jon M.}
}
@inbook {1402,
	title = {A Paleocoastal Shell Midden at Seal Cave (CA-SMI-604), San Miguel Island, California},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the Seventh California Islands Symposium},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 2075},
	month = {2009},
	pages = {33-42},
	publisher = {Institute for Wildlife Studies},
	organization = {Institute for Wildlife Studies},
	address = {Arcata, CA},
	author = {Erlandson, Jon M. and Braje, Todd J. and Rick, Torben C. and Davis, Troy and Southon, Troy},
	editor = {Damiani, Christine C.}
}
@article {344,
	title = {A trans-Holocene archaeological record of Guadalupe fur seals (Arctocephalus townsendi) on the California coast},
	journal = {Marine Mammal Science},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 2061; PT: J; UT: WOS:000265228700018},
	pages = {487-502},
	issn = {0824-0469},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1748-7692.2008.00273.x},
	author = {Rick, Torben C. and DeLong, Robert L. and Erlandson, Jon M. and Braje, Todd J. and Jones, Terry L. and Kennett, Douglas J. and Wake, Thomas A. and Walker, Phillip L.}
}
@article {305,
	title = {Dogs, humans and island ecosystems: the distribution, antiquity and ecology of domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) on California{\textquoteright}s Channel Islands, USA},
	journal = {Holocene},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 2063; PT: J; UT: WOS:000260339000006},
	pages = {1077-1087},
	abstract = {Archaeologists have made significant contributions to our understanding of ancient island environments, including the timing and implications of the introduction of non-native animals (pigs, chickens, rats, etc.) by humans. Here, we focus on the historical ecology and biogeography of domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) on California{\textquoteright}s Channel Islands during the Holocene. Dogs are the only animal known unequivocally to have been introduced by Native Americans to the islands, but relatively little is known about their distribution, antiquity or influence on native island fauna and flora. We identified a minimum of 96 dogs from 42 archaeological sites on six of the eight islands. Dogs were present for at least 6000 years and appear to have increased in abundance through time. Our analysis suggests that dogs, along with humans and island foxes (Urocyon littoralis), would have had an impact on native animals and ecosystems, especially breeding birds and marine mammals, togs and island foxes likely competed with one another for food, however, and the impacts of dogs on island ecosystems may have been reduced by the presence of island foxes and the symbiotic relationship between dogs and humans. Dogs have been removed from all but one of the islands today, eliminating one of the few terrestrial carnivores present for most of the Holocene.},
	issn = {0959-6836},
	doi = {10.1177/0959683608095579},
	author = {Rick, Torben C. and Walker, Phillip L. and Willis, Lauren M. and Noah, Anna C. and Erlandson, Jon M. and Vellanoweth, Rene L. and Braje, Todd J. and Kennett, Douglas J.}
}
@article {1881,
	title = {Five Crescents from Cardwell: Context and Chronology of Chipped Stone Crescents at CA-SMI-679, San Miguel Island, California},
	journal = {Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly},
	volume = {40},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 2065},
	month = {2008},
	pages = {35-46},
	author = {Erlandson, Jon M. and Braje, Todd J.}
}
@article {486,
	title = {Human impacts on ancient shellfish: a 10,000 year record from San Miguel Island, California},
	journal = {Journal of Archaeological Science},
	volume = {35},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 2064; PT: J; UT: WOS:000257340000006},
	pages = {2144-2152},
	abstract = {We use measurements of more than 11,000 marine shells from 41 archaeological components to construct a 10,000 year record of human impacts on ancient mussel and abalone stocks on San Miguel Island, California. General reductions in the mean size of mussel and abalone shells gathered through time are attributed to growing human population and predation pressure. Based on comparison with historically documented changes in shellfish communities caused by the local extinction of sea otters in the 19th century, changes in mean shell size and the abundance of other shellfish species may have been facilitated by Native American predation on sea otters as early as 7500 years ago. Despite having measurable impacts on local ecosystems, Native Americans on San Miguel harvested huge quantities of shellfish throughout the Holocene. Such longterm harvests appear to have been sustained by an early emphasis on fishing at lower trophic levels, by periodically shifting village locations, and by intensifying the use of finfish and sea mammals through time. This pattern of "fishing up the food web" contrasts with many modern fisheries, suggesting that the study of ancient fisheries can help us better manage our own endangered coastal ecosystems. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0305-4403},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jas.2008.01.014},
	author = {Erlandson, Jon M. and Rick, Torben C. and Braje, Todd J. and Steinberg, Alexis and Vellanoweth, Rene L.}
}
@article {995,
	title = {Shell and Bone Artifacts from Two Middle Holocene Red Abalone Middens on San Miguel Island},
	journal = {Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly},
	volume = {40},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 2067},
	pages = {53-66},
	author = {Braje, Todd J. and Erlandson, Jon M.}
}
@inbook {1455,
	title = {Historical ecology and human impacts on coastal ecosystems of the Santa Barbara Channel region, California},
	booktitle = {Ancient Human Impacts on Marine Environments: A Global Perspective},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 577},
	month = {2007},
	publisher = {University of California Press},
	organization = {University of California Press},
	address = {Berkeley},
	author = {Rick, Torben C. and Erlandson, Jon M. and Braje, Todd J. and Estes, James and Graham, Michael and Vellanoweth, Rene},
	editor = {Rick, T. C.}
}
@article {2000,
	title = {Beads, bifaces, and boats: an early maritime adaptation on the south coast of San Miguel Island, California},
	journal = {American Anthropologist},
	volume = {107},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 442},
	month = {2005},
	pages = {677-683},
	author = {Erlandson, Jon M. and Braje, Todd J. and Rick, Torben C. and Peterson, Jenna}
}
@article {992,
	title = {Reassessing human settlement on the south coast of San Miguel Island, California: The use of 14C dating as a reconnaissance tool},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {47},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 579},
	pages = {11-19},
	abstract = {Californias San Miguel Island contains over 600 archaeological sites, some occupied as early as 12,000 yr ago
and most located along the islands north coast. Archaeologists have long believed the south coast to have been marginal or
largely uninhabited. Burial of some landforms by sand dunes deposited after historical overgrazing, the lack of systematic survey,
and a dearth of radiocarbon dating have also contributed to an underestimation of the intensity of human land use along
the south coast of San Miguel Island. Our recent reconnaissance and dating of shell middens on the islands south coast indicate
more intensive occupation than previously thought, with numerous south coast sites spanning at least the past 9000 yr,
and demonstrate the utility of combining systematic archaeological reconnaissance and radiometrics in reconstructions of
human settlement and historical ecology in coastal environments.},
	url = {https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/2795/2560},
	author = {Braje, Todd J. and Erlandson, Jon M. and Rick, Torben C.}
}
@article {993,
	title = {An 8700 year old shell midden from the south coast of San Miguel Island, California},
	journal = {Current Research in the Pleistocene},
	volume = {21},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 1091},
	pages = {24-25},
	author = {Braje, Todd J. and Erlandson, Jon M. and Rick, Torben C.}
}
