@article { ISI:000327814700020,
	title = {Prominent bacterial heterotrophy and sources of C-13-depleted fatty acids to the interior Canada Basin},
	journal = {BIOGEOSCIENCES},
	volume = {10},
	number = {{11}},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {7065-7080},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {In recent decades, the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean has experienced rapidly decreasing summer sea ice coverage and freshening of surface waters. It is unclear how these changes translate to deeper waters, particularly as our baseline understanding of organic carbon cycling in the deep basin is quite limited. In this study, we describe full-depth profiles of the abundance, distribution and carbon isotopic composition of fatty acids from suspended particulate matter at a seasonally ice-free station and a semi-permanently ice-covered station. Fatty acids, along with suspended particulate organic carbon (POC), are more concentrated and C-13-enriched under ice cover than in ice-free waters. But this influence, apparent at 50 m depth, does not propagate downward below 150m depth, likely due to the weak biological pump in the central Canada Basin. Branched fatty acids have delta C-13 values that are similar to suspended POC at all depths and are more C-13-enriched than even-numbered saturated fatty acids at depths above 3000 m. These are likely to be produced in situ by heterotrophic bacteria incorporating organic carbon that is isotopically similar to total suspended POC. Below surface waters, there is also the suggestion of a source of saturated even-numbered fatty acids which could represent contributions from laterally advected organic carbon and/or from chemoautotrophic bacteria. At 3000 m depth and below, a greater relative abundance of long-chain (C20-24), branched and unsaturated fatty acids is consistent with a stronger influence of re-suspended sedimentary organic carbon. At these deep depths, two individual fatty acids (C-12 and iso-C-17) are significantly depleted in C-13, allowing for the possibility that methane oxidizing bacteria contribute fatty acids, either directly to suspended particulate matter or to shallow sediments that are subsequently mobilized and incorporated into suspended particulate matter within the deep basin.},
	issn = {1726-4170},
	doi = {10.5194/bg-10-7065-2013},
	author = {Shah, S. R. and Griffith, D. R. and Galy, V. and McNichol, A. P. and Eglinton, T. I.}
}
@article {333,
	title = {Recycling of graphite during Himalayan erosion: a geological stabilization of carbon in the crust},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {322},
	year = {2008},
	note = {id: 1876; Galy, Valier Beyssac, Olivier France-Lanord, Christian Eglinton, Timothy New York, N.Y. Science. 2008 Nov 7;322(5903):943-5.; YY},
	pages = {943-5},
	abstract = {At geological time scales, the role of continental erosion in the organic carbon (OC) cycle is determined by the balance between recent OC burial and petrogenic OC oxidation. Evaluating its net effect on the concentration of carbon dioxide and dioxygen in the atmosphere requires the fate of petrogenic OC to be assessed. Here, we report a multiscale (nanometer to micrometer) structural characterization of petrogenic OC in the Himalayan system. We show that graphitic carbon is preserved and buried in marine sediments, while the less graphitized forms are oxidized during fluvial transport. Radiocarbon dating indicates that 30 to 50\% of the carbon initially present in the Himalayan rocks is conserved during the erosion cycle. Graphitization during metamorphism thus stabilizes carbon in the crust over geological time scales.},
	issn = {1095-9203 (Electronic) 0036-8075 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1161408},
	author = {Galy, V. and Beyssac, O. and France-Lanord, C. and Eglinton, T.}
}
