@article {48,
	title = {Seafloor fault ruptures along the North Anatolia Fault in the Marmara Sea, Turkey: Link with the adjacent basin turbidite record},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {353},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {65-83},
	abstract = {The relation between seafloor fault ruptures and the generation of turbidity currents was investigated to better understand the structural growth of tectonic basins with direct implications for earthquake hazard assessment. This study focuses on the Holocene earthquake record of transtensional basins in the Marmara Sea, Turkey, that are associated with the North Anatolian Fault system. The physical and chemical composition of three 10 m-long cores recovered from the Central Basin was studied at high-resolution and turbidite{\textendash}homogenite units were identified. Turbidite{\textendash}homogenite units (T{\textendash}H units) are complex deposits that consist of a sharp basal contact and multiple fining upward beds of sand to coarse silt, above. All are capped by a 25 cm to 75 cm thick layer of medium to fine silt. A chronology developed from radiocarbon and short-lived radioisotopes allowed the correlation of these T{\textendash}H units to the historical record of earthquakes that in Turkey goes back 2000 years. We found that the best location to recover the most complete sedimentation record is in the deepest part of a basin or {\textquotedblleft}depocenter{\textquotedblright} where T{\textendash}H units constitute ~ 80\% of the sediments. A very good correlation was established between T{\textendash}H units in Central Basin and proximal inferred historic epicentres along the central Marmara segment of the North Anatolia Fault that occurred in 1343, 860, 740, and 557 AD, and two more distal earthquakes that occurred in 268 and 1963 (or possibly1964). These sedimentation events can then be referred to as {\textquotedblleft}seismo-turbidites{\textquotedblright}. The results when compared to findings from other transform basins in Marmara Sea reveal a very good correlation between T{\textendash}H units and historic ruptures. Most importantly, there is a strong correlation between the inferred locations of historical earthquakes and the preservation of turbidite{\textendash}homogenite units in the basin adjacent to the inferred rupture. The 740 AD earthquake correlates with T{\textendash}H units in Izmit Gulf and Central Basin and could represent a multi-segment rupture of the NAF. Generally, T{\textendash}H units appear to be clustered through the Holocene sections, suggesting temporal earthquake clustering in the Marmara Sea region. Such clustering may account for the lack of T{\textendash}H units and hence large ruptures through the Central Basin since 1343.},
	issn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2014.03.005},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025322714000498},
	author = {McHugh, Cecilia M. G. and Braudy, Nicole and {\c C}a{\u g}atay, M. Namik and Sorlien, Christopher and Cormier, Marie-Helene and Seeber, Leonardo and Henry, Pierre}
}
@article {126,
	title = {Climatic and environmental evolution of Lake Iznik (NW Turkey) over the last \~{}4700 years},
	journal = {Temporal and spatial corridors of Homo sapiens sapiens population dynamics during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene},
	volume = {274},
	year = {2012},
	note = {id: 2337},
	pages = {88-101},
	abstract = {Magnetic susceptibility, geochemistry, mineralogy and palynology of sediments from Lake Iznik in Northwestern Anatolia, Turkey, provide a 4700 year record of climatic trends and events. The measured proxies allow a reconstruction of variations in humid/dry periods and lake level changes. The Lake Iznik sedimentary sequence points to an oscillating trend of humid periods interrupted by rapid climate change (RCC) to arid periods. Especially abrupt lithologic and geochemical changes at 4.2 and 3.3 ka calBP may outline intense droughts, which extremely lowered the lake level. For the last 2000 years, the effects of the Roman warm period, Dark Age cold period, Medieval Warm Period and Little Ice Age are recorded within Lake Iznik sediments. Besides many similarities of local climatic periods with other records from the Eastern Mediterranean, there are also differences indicating the complex pattern of the climate in the region.},
	issn = {1040-6182},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2012.06.016},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618212004363},
	author = {{\"U}lgen, Umut Bar{\i}{\c s} and Franz, Sven Oliver and Biltekin, Demet and {\c C}a{\u g}atay, M. Namik and Roeser, Patricia Angelika and Doner, Lisa and Thein, Jean}
}
@article {211,
	title = {Geological slip rates along the North Anatolian Fault in the Marmara region},
	journal = {Tectonics},
	volume = {30},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2112; PT: J; TC: 0; J9: TECTONICS; UT: WOS:000296619700001},
	pages = {TC6001-TC6001},
	abstract = {Reliable piercing points on both sides of the Sea of Marmara enabled us to obtain an estimate of the slip-rate over time scales of 10-15 ka on different fault strands of the North Anatolian Fault (NAF) system. We analyzed geomorphic features in the gulfs of Izmit, Gemlik (Sea of Marmara) and Saros (NE Aegean Sea), which were passively displaced by the NAF strands after their abandonment related to the post-glacial sea level rise. Results for the main northern strand, consistently similar on both sides of the Marmara pull-apart, are in the order of 10 mm/yr, about one half of that expected from geodetic measurements and accepted plate-tectonic models. In the southern branch of the NAF, the estimated rate of similar to 4 mm/yr is only slightly higher than that given by geodetic models. Our findings have implications for both neo-tectonic reconstructions of the submerged portion of the NAF system, and fault interactions and seismic hazard estimates in the Marmara region. They suggest that, either the total Anatolia/Eurasia plate motion is more diffuse than previously reported, or geodetic data are not representative of the geological time-scale deformations. Moreover, they suggest that a significant amount of stress is accommodated along the southern strand of the NAF system, on which the last large (M approximate to 7) earthquakes dates back to 1419, 1855 and 1863 AD.},
	issn = {0278-7407},
	doi = {10.1029/2011TC002906},
	author = {Gasperini, Luca and Polonia, Alina and {\c C}a{\u g}atay, M. Namik and Bortoluzzi, Giovanni and Ferrante, Valentina}
}
