@article {979,
	title = {A 17,000 year history of Andean climatic and vegetation change from Laguna de Chochos, Peru},
	journal = {Journal of Quaternary Science},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 1015},
	pages = {703-714},
	abstract = {The manifestation of major climatic events such as the timing of deglaciation and whether, or not, the Younger Dryas affected Andean systems has garnered considerable recent attention. Even the Holocene is rapidly emerging as a time of considerable interest in Neotropical palaeoclimatology and palaeoecology. The Holocene of the Neotropics is now revealed as a time of some temperature change with precipitation:evaporation ratios fluctuating markedly. Major changes in lake level, ice-accumulation, and vegetation are indicative of changes both in precipitation and temperature regimes. Although global-scale forcing mechanisms may underlie some of these changes, e.g. the precessional rhythm, other variability appears to be localised. In a record from near the upper forest limit of the eastern Peruvian Andes, pollen, charcoal, and sedimentary data suggest that the deglaciational period from ca. 17 000 to ca. 11 500 cal. yr BP was a period of rapid climatic oscillations, set against an overall trend of warming. A warm-dry event is evident between ca. 9500 and ca. 7300 cal. yr BP, and comparisons with other regional archives suggest that it was regional in scale. A ca. 1500-yr periodicity in the magnetic susceptibility data is evident between 12 000 and 6000 cal. yr BP, reaching a peak intensity during the dry event. A weaker oscillation with a 500{\textendash}600-yr periodicity is present throughout much of the Holocene. The uppermost sample of the pollen analysis reveals deforestation as modern human land use simplified the landscape.},
	doi = {10.1002/jqs.983},
	author = {Bush, M. B. and Hansen, B. C. S. and Rodbell, D. T. and Seltzer, G. O. and Young, K. R. and Leon, B. and Abbott, M. B. and Silman, M. R. and Gosling, W. D.}
}
@article {620,
	title = {A late glacial-Holocene tephrochronology for glacial lakes in southern Ecuador},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {57},
	year = {2002},
	note = {555kpTimes Cited:25Cited References Count:23},
	month = {May},
	pages = {343-354},
	abstract = {Despite the presence of numerous active volcanoes in the northern half of Ecuador, few, if any, distal tephras have been previously recognized in the southern one third of the country. In this article, we document the presence of thin (0.1-1.0-cm-thick) distal tephras comprising glass and/or phenocrysts of hornblende and feldspar in sediment cores from five glacial lakes and one bog in Las Cajas National Park (2degrees40{\textquoteright}-3degrees00{\textquoteright}S, 79degrees00{\textquoteright}-79degrees25{\textquoteright}W). The lake cores contain from 5 to 7 tephras, and each has a diagnostic major element geochemistry as determined from electron microprobe analysis of similar to710 glass shards and similar to440 phenocrysts of feldspar and hornblende. The loss of sodium with exposure to the electron microbeam causes a 10 +/- 7 wt.\% (+/-1sigma) reduction in Na content, which we empirically determined and corrected for before correlating tephras among the sediment cores. We use a similarity coefficient to correlate among the sediment cores; pair-wise comparison of all tephras generally yields an unambiguous correlation among the cores. Six tephras can be traced among all or most of the cores, and several tephras are present in only one or two of the cores. Twenty-six accelerator mass spectrometry (14)C dates on macrofossils preserved in the sediment cores provide the basis for establishing a regional tephrochronology. The widespread tephras were deposited similar to9900, 8800,7300,5300,2500, and 2200 cal yr B.P. The oldest tephras were deposited similar to15,500 and 15,100 cal yr B.P., but these are not found in all cores. Two of the tephras appear correlative with volcaniclastic strata on the flanks of Volcan Cotopaxi and one tephra may correlate with strata on the flanks of Volcan Ninahuilca; both volcanoes are in central Ecuador. The absence of tephras in sediment cores correlative with the numerous eruptions of active volcanoes of the past two millennia implies that the earlier eruptions, which did deposit tephras in the lakes, must have been either especially voluminous, or southerly winds must have prevailed at the time of the eruption, or both. (C) 2002 University of Washington.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1006/qres.2002.2324},
	author = {Rodbell, D. T. and Bagnato, S. and Nebolini, J. C. and Seltzer, G. O. and Abbott, M. B.}
}
@book {1347,
	title = {Abrupt climate change and pre-Columbian cultural collapse},
	series = {Interhemispheric Climate Linkages},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1408},
	month = {2001},
	publisher = {Academic Press},
	organization = {Academic Press},
	author = {Brenner, M. and Hodell, D. A. and Curtis, J. H. and Rosenmeier, M. and Binford, M. W. and Abbott, M. B.}
}
@article {901,
	title = {Holocene hydrological reconstructions from stable isotopes and paleolimnology, Cordillera Real, Bolivia},
	journal = {Quarternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {19},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 1206},
	pages = {1801-1820},
	abstract = {Multiproxy analyses of sediment cores from Lago Taypi Chaka Kkota (LTCK) Cordillera Real, Bolivia, provide a record of drier conditions following late Pleistocene deglaciation culminating in pronounced aridity between 6.2 and 2.3 ka B.P. Today LTCK is a glacial-fed lake that is relatively insensitive to changes in P{\textendash}E because it is largely buffered from dry season draw-down through the year-round supply of glacial meltwater. This was not the case during the middle to late Holocene when glaciers were absent from the watershed. Lake-water δFull-size image (<1 K) values inferred from δFull-size image (<1 K) analysis of sediment cellulose range from -12.9 to -5.3{\textperthousand} and average -8.7{\textperthousand} between 6.2 and 2.3 ka B.P. Modern lake-water δFull-size image (<1 K) from LTCK averages -14.8{\textperthousand} which is compatible with the δFull-size image (<1 K) value of -14.3{\textperthousand} for the surface sediment cellulose. Analyses of δFull-size image (<1 K) from modern surface waters in 23 lakes that span the range from glacial-fed to closed basin vary from -16.6 to -2.5{\textperthousand}. This approximates the magnitude of the down-core shift in δFull-size image (<1 K) values in LTCK during the middle to late Holocene from -12.9 to -5.3{\textperthousand}. Strong paleohydrologic change during the middle Holocene is also evident in diatom assemblages that consist of shallow-water, non-glacial periphytic taxa and bulk organic δFull-size image (<1 K) and δFull-size image (<1 K) that show increases likely resulting from degradation of lacustrine organic matter periodically exposed to subaerial conditions. Neoglaciation began after 2.3 ka B.P. as indicated by changes in the composition of the sediments, lower δFull-size image (<1 K) values, and a return to diatom assemblages characteristic of the glacial sediments that formed during the Late Pleistocene. Collectively, these data indicate that the past 2.3 ka B.P. have been the wettest interval during the Holocene. Millennial-scale shifts in the paleohydrologic record of LTCK during the early to middle Holocene conform to other regional paleoclimatic time-series, including Lake Titicaca and Nevado Sajama, and may be driven by insolation and resultant changes in atmospheric circulation and moisture supply. In contrast, an apparent 1200-year lag in the onset of wetter conditions at LTCK (2.3 ka B.P.) compared to Lake Titicaca (3.5 ka B.P.) provides evidence for variable sub-regional hydrologic response to climate change during the middle to late Holocene.},
	doi = {10.1016/S0277-3791(00)00078-0},
	author = {Abbott, M. B. and Wolfe, A. P. and Aravena, R. and Wolfe, A. P. and Seltzer, G. O.}
}
@article {2215,
	title = {A high resolution ~15,000 year record of El-Nino driven alluviation in southwestern Ecuador},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {283},
	year = {1999},
	note = {id: 393},
	month = {1999},
	pages = {516-519},
	author = {Rodbell, D. T. and Seltzer, G. O. and Anderson, D. M. and Abbott, M. B. and Enfield, D. B. and Newman, J. H.}
}
@article {902,
	title = {A 3,500 14C yr. high-resolution record of lake level changes in Lake Titicaca, South America},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {47},
	year = {1997},
	note = {id: 173; jpc},
	pages = {122-129},
	abstract = {

Sediment cores collected from the southern basin of Lake Titicaca (Bolivia/Peru) on a transect from 4.6 m above overflow level to 15.1 m below overflow level are used to identify a new century-scale chronology of Holocene lake-level variations. The results indicate that lithologic and geochemical analyses on a transect of cores can be used to identify and date century-scale lake-level changes. Detailed sedimentary analyses of subfacies and radiocarbon dating were conducted on four representative cores. A chronology based on 60 accelerator mass spectrometer radiocarbon measurements constrains the timing of water-level fluctuations. Two methods were used to estimate the14C reservoir age. Both indicate that it has remained nearly constant at \~{}25014C yr during the late Holocene. Core studies based on lithology and geochemistry establish the timing and magnitude of five periods of low lake level, implying negative moisture balance for the northern Andean altiplano over the last 3500 cal yr. Between 3500 and 3350 cal yr B.P., a transition from massive, inorganic-clay facies to laminated organic-matter-rich silts in each of the four cores signals a water-level rise after a prolonged mid-Holocene dry phase. Evidence of other significant low lake levels occurs 2900{\textendash}2800, 2400{\textendash}2200, 2000{\textendash}1700, and 900{\textendash}500 cal yr B.P. Several of the low lake levels coincided with cultural changes in the region, including the collapse of the Tiwanaku civilization.
},
	doi = {10.1006/qres.1997.1881},
	author = {Abbott, M. B. and Binford, M. W. and Brenner, M. and Kelts, K. R.}
}
