@article {637, title = {Radiocarbon as a tool to apportion the sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and black carbon in environmental samples}, journal = {Environmental Science \& Technology}, volume = {36}, year = {2002}, note = {541gfTimes Cited:133Cited References Count:59}, month = {Apr 15}, pages = {1774-1782}, abstract = {To determine the relative inputs of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and black carbon (BC) in environmental samples from the combustion of fossil fuels and biomass we have developed two independent analytical methods for determining the C-14 abundance of PAHs and BC. The 5730 yr half-life of C-14 makes it an ideal tracer for identifying combustion products derived from fossil fuels (C-14-free) versus those stemming from modern biomass (contemporary C-14). The C-14 abundance of PAHs in several environmental Standard Reference Materials was measured by accelerator mass spectrometry after extraction and then purification by high-performance liquid chromatography and preparative capillary gas chromatography. This method yields pure compounds that allow for a high degree of confidence in the C-14 results. The PAHs data were then used to compare and evaluate results from an operationally defined thermal oxidation method used to isolate a BC fraction. The C-14 compositions of PAHs and BC were very similar and suggest that the thermal oxidation method employed for isolating BC is robust and free from interferences by non-BC components. In addition, these data indicate that both the PAHs and the BC species derive mostly from fossil fuels and/or their combustion products.}, issn = {0013-936x}, doi = {10.1021/es011343f}, author = {Reddy, C. M. and Pearson, A. and Xu, L. and McNichol, A. P. and Benner, B. A. and Wise, S. A. and Klouda, G. A. and Currie, L. A. and Eglinton, T. I.} } @article {798, title = {Isotopic and molecular fractionation in combustion; three routes to molecular marker validation, including direct molecular {\textquoteright}dating{\textquoteright} (GC/AMS)}, journal = {Atmospheric Environment}, volume = {33}, year = {1999}, note = {208duTimes Cited:38Cited References Count:31}, month = {Aug}, pages = {2789-2806}, abstract = {The identification of unique isotopic, elemental, and molecular markers for sources of combustion aerosol has growing practical importance because of the potential effects of fine particle aerosol on health, visibility and global climate. It is urgent, therefore, that substantial efforts be directed toward the validation of assumptions involving the use of such tracers for source apportionment. We describe here three independent routes toward carbonaceous aerosol molecular marker identification and validation: (1) tracer regression and multivariate statistical techniques applied to field measurements of mixed source, carbonaceous aerosols; (2) a new development in aerosol (14)C metrology: direct, pure compound accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) by off-line GC/AMS ({\textquoteright}molecular dating{\textquoteright}); and (3) direct observation of isotopic and molecular source emissions during controlled laboratory combustion of specific fuels. Findings from the combined studies include. independent support for benzo(ghi)perylene as a motor vehicle tracer from the first (statistical) and second (direct {\textquoteright}dating{\textquoteright}) studies; a new indication, from the third (controlled combustion) study, of a relation between (13)C isotopic fractionation and PAH molecular fractionation, also linked with fuel and stage of combustion; and quantitative data showing the influence of both fuel type and combustion conditions on the yields of such species as elemental carbon and PAH, reinforcing the importance of exercising caution when applying presumed conservative elemental or organic tracers to fossil or biomass burning field data as in the first study. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.}, issn = {1352-2310}, doi = {10.1016/S1352-2310(98)00325-2}, author = {Currie, L. A. and Klouda, G. A. and Benner, B. A. and Garrity, K. and Eglinton, T. I.} } @conference {1607, title = {Determination of the radiocarbon ages of individual PAH extracted from urban aerosol and marine sediment}, booktitle = {16th International Radiocarbon Conference}, volume = {Book of Abstracts}, year = {1997}, note = {id: 951}, month = {1997}, pages = {148}, address = {Groningen}, author = {Pearson, A. and Eglinton, T. I. and McNichol, A. P. and Currie, L. A. and Schneider, R. J. and von Reden, K. F. and Benner, B. A. and Wise, S. A.} } @article {2336, title = {Compound specific radiocarbon analysis as a tool to quantitatively apportion modern and fossil sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental matrices.}, journal = {Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society}, volume = {212}, year = {1996}, note = {1Va915 Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:0 }, month = {Aug 25}, pages = {65-Envr}, isbn = {0065-7727}, author = {Eglinton, T. I. and Pearson, A. and McNichol, A. P. and Currie, L. A. and Benner, B. A. and Wise, S. A.} }