@article {722,
	title = {Noble gases and volatile recycling at subduction zones},
	journal = {Noble Gases in Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry},
	volume = {47},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Bw12hTimes Cited:243Cited References Count:219Reviews in Mineralogy \& Geochemistry},
	pages = {319-370},
	issn = {1529-6466},
	doi = {10.2138/rmg.2002.47.9},
	author = {Hilton, D. R. and Fischer, T. P. and Marty, B.}
}
@article {837,
	title = {CO2 fluxes from mid-ocean ridges, arcs and plumes},
	journal = {Chemical Geology},
	volume = {145},
	year = {1998},
	note = {Zv404Times Cited:212Cited References Count:109},
	month = {Apr 15},
	pages = {233-248},
	abstract = {Estimates of CO2 emissions at spreading centres, convergent margins, and plumes have been reviewed and upgraded using observed CO2/He-3 ratios in magmatic volatiles, He-3 content estimates in the magmatic sources, and magma emplacement rates in the different tectonic settings. The effect of volatile fractionation during magma degassing, investigated using new rare gas and CO2 abundances determined simultaneously for a suite of Mid-Ocean Ridge (MOR) basalt glasses, is not the major factor controlling the spread of data, which mainly result from volatile heterogeneity in the mantle source. The computed C flux at ridges (2.2 +/- 0.9) x 10(12) mol/a, is essentially similar to previous estimates based on a mon restricted data base. Variation of the C flux in the past can be simply scaled to that of spreading rate since the computed C depends mainly on the volatile content of the mantle source, which can be considered constant during the last 10(8) a. The flux of CO2 from arcs may be approximated using the CO2/He-3 ratios of volcanic gases at arcs and the magma emplacement rate, assuming that the He-3 content of the mantle end-member is that of the MORE source. The resulting flux is similar to 2.5 x 10(12) mol/a, with approx. 80\% of carbon being derived from the subducting plate. The flux of CO2 from plumes, based on time-averaged magma production rates and on estimated contributions of geochemical sources to plume magmatism, is less than or equal to 3 x 10(12) mol/a. Significant enhancements of the CO2 flux from plumes might have occurred in the past during giant magma emplacements, depending on the duration of these events, although the time-integrated effect does not appear important. The global magmatic flux of CO2 into the atmosphere and the hydrosphere is found to be 6 x 10(12) mol/a, with a range of (4-10) x 10(12) mol/a. Improvement on the precision of this estimate is linked to a better understanding of the volatile inventory at arcs on one hand, and on the dynamics of plumes and their mantle source contribution on the other hand. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0009-2541},
	doi = {10.1016/S0009-2541(97)00145-9},
	author = {Marty, B. and Tolstikhin, I. N.}
}
@article {863,
	title = {Origin of Carbon in Fumarolic Gas from Island Arcs},
	journal = {Chemical Geology},
	volume = {119},
	year = {1995},
	note = {Qc329Times Cited:227Cited References Count:46},
	month = {Jan 5},
	pages = {265-274},
	abstract = {We have measured He-3/He-4 ratios, delta(13)C-values and CO2/He-3 ratios of fumaroles and hot spring gases in three volcanic areas in Japan. The He-3/He-4 ratios, delta(13)C-values and CO2/He-3 ratios vary from 2.02 R(atm) to 7.55 R(atm) -9.7 parts per thousand to -2.7 parts per thousand and from 7.74.10(9) to 1.18.10(11), respectively. Based on these data and those in the literature, we present the first quantitative estimates of the upper mantle, sediment and limestone including slab components in CO2 of volcanic and hydrothermal fluids from subduction zones. Taking compiled C isotopic data of limestone and organic sediment, assuming that the CO2/He-3 ratio and delta(13)C-value of mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) are representative of the upper-mantle component, and that later isotopic and elemental fractionations are minimal, it is possible to deconvolve each fraction of C on the basis of simple mixing equations. Up to 20\% of the carbon in high-temperature volcanic gases in subduction zones is derived from a MORB-type source, while the major fraction of the gases is attributable to CO2 produced by decarbonation of subducted marine limestone and slab carbonate.},
	issn = {0009-2541},
	doi = {10.1016/0009-2541(94)00097-R},
	author = {Sano, Y. and Marty, B.}
}
