@article {2052,
	title = {Oceanic ventilation and biogeochemical cycling: Understanding the physical mechanisms that produce realistic distributions of tracers and productivity},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2004},
	note = {867xpTimes Cited:66
Cited References Count:42
},
	month = {Oct 20},
	abstract = {[1] Differing models of the ocean circulation support different rates of ventilation, which in turn produce different distributions of radiocarbon, oxygen, and export production. We examine these fields within a suite of general circulation models run to examine the sensitivity of the circulation to the parameterization of subgridscale mixing and surface forcing. We find that different models can explain relatively high fractions of the spatial variance in some fields such as radiocarbon, and that newer estimates of the rate of biological cycling are in better agreement with the models than previously published estimates. We consider how different models achieve such agreement and show that they can accomplish this in different ways. For example, models with high vertical diffusion move young surface waters into the Southern Ocean, while models with high winds move more young North Atlantic water into this region. The dependence on parameter values is not simple. Changes in the vertical diffusion coefficient, for example, can produce major changes in advective fluxes. In the coarse-resolution models studied here, lateral diffusion plays a major role in the tracer budget of the deep ocean, a somewhat worrisome fact as it is poorly constrained both observationally and theoretically.},
	keywords = {Biogeochemical cycles, bottom water formation, circulation models, diffusion, particle export, pycnocline, sensitivity, Temperature, vertical exchange, weddell sea, World Ocean},
	isbn = {0886-6236},
	doi = {10.1029/2003GB002097},
	url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2\&amp;SrcAuth=Alerting\&amp;SrcApp=Alerting\&amp;DestApp=WOS\&amp;DestLinkType=FullRecord;UT=WOS:000224876500001},
	author = {Gnanadesikan, A. and Dunne, J. P. and Key, R. M. and Matsumoto, K. and Sarmiento, J. L. and Slater, R. D. and Swathi, P. S.}
}
@article {2096,
	title = {Inorganic carbon in the Indian Ocean: Distribution and dissolution processes},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2002},
	note = {643rkTimes Cited:50
Cited References Count:72
},
	month = {Oct-Nov},
	abstract = {This study uses nearly 25,000 carbon measurements from the WOCE/JGOFS global CO2 survey to examine the distribution of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (TA) in the Indian Ocean. Shallow and intermediate distributions of inorganic carbon do not strictly follow temperature and salinity because of differing surface gradients and vertical biological processes that work to modify the circulation derived features. Anthropogenic CO2 has increased the shallow DIC by as much as 3\%, decreasing the vertical DIC gradient. Deep ocean DIC and TA increase toward the north because of the decomposition and dissolution of organic and inorganic particles. Calcite saturation depths range from 2900-3900 m with the deepest saturation depth in the central Indian Ocean. Variations of aragonite saturation depth (200-1400 m) are similar to calcite, but the deepest saturations are in the southwestern Indian Ocean. The shallowest aragonite saturation depths are found in the Bay of Bengal. In the northern Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal, the current aragonite saturations are 100 and 200 m shallower, respectively, than in preindustrial times. Estimates of carbonate dissolution rates on isopycnal surfaces range from 0.017 to 0.083 mumol kg(-1) yr(-1) in deep waters. Upper water column dissolution rates range from 0 to 0.73 mumol kg(-1) yr(-1), with a local maximum occurring in intermediate waters just below the aragonite saturation horizon. Dissolution is also generally higher north of the Chemical Front at 10-20degreesS. There is some evidence for significant sedimentary sources in the northern Indian Ocean.},
	keywords = {alkalinity, anthropogenic co2, arabian sea, calcium carbonate, Carbon cycle, dioxide system, dissociation, indian ocean, pressure, saturation state, SEAWATER, Temperature, thermodynamics, total alkalinity, total co2, water},
	isbn = {0886-6236},
	doi = {10.1029/2002GB001869},
	author = {Sabine, C. L. and Key, R. M. and Feely, R. A. and Greeley, D.}
}
