@article {Spooner2016123,
	title = {Clumped isotope composition of cold-water corals: A role for vital effects?},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {179},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {123 - 141},
	abstract = {Abstract The carbonate clumped isotope thermometer is a promising tool for determining past ocean temperatures. It is based on the temperature dependence of rare isotopes {\textquoteleft}clumping{\textquoteright} into the same carbonate ion group in the carbonate mineral lattice. The extent of this clumping effect is independent of the isotope composition of the water from which carbonate precipitates, providing unique advantages over many other paleotemperature proxies. Existing calibrations of this thermometer in cold-water and warm-water corals suggest clumped isotope {\textquoteleft}vital effects{\textquoteright} are negligible in cold-water corals but may be significant in warm-water corals. Here, we test the calibration of the carbonate clumped isotope thermometer in cold-water corals with a recently collected and well characterised sample set spanning a range of coral genera (Balanophyllia, Caryophyllia, Dasmosmilia, Desmophyllum, Enallopsammia and Javania). The clumped isotope compositions (Δ47) of these corals exhibit systematic dependences on their growth temperatures, confirming the basis of the carbonate clumped isotope thermometer. However, some cold-water coral genera show Δ47 values that are higher than the expected equilibrium values by up to 0.05{\textperthousand} (equivalent to underestimating temperature by \~{}9 {\textdegree}C) similar to previous findings for some warm-water corals. This finding suggests that the vital effects affecting corals Δ47 are common to both warm- and cold-water corals. By comparison with models of the coral calcification process we suggest that the clumped isotope offsets in these genera are related to the kinetic isotope effects associated with \{CO2\} hydration/hydroxylation reactions in the corals{\textquoteright} calcifying fluid. Our findings complicate the use of the carbonate clumped isotope thermometer in corals, but suggest that species- or genus-specific calibrations could be useful for the future application of this paleotemperature proxy.},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.01.023},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016703716300072},
	author = {Peter T. Spooner and Weifu Guo and Laura F. Robinson and Nivedita Thiagarajan and Katharine R. Hendry and Brad E. Rosenheim and Melanie J. Leng}
}
@article {Adhikari2016413,
	title = {Distributions and accumulation rates of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the northern Gulf of Mexico sediments},
	journal = {Environmental Pollution},
	volume = {212},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {413 - 423},
	abstract = {Abstract Sediment samples collected from shelf, slope and interior basin of the northern Gulf of Mexico during 2011{\textendash}2013, 1{\textendash}3 years after the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill, were utilized to characterize \{PAH\} pollution history, in this region. Results indicate that the concentrations of surface ΣPAH43 and their accumulation rates vary between 44 and 160~ng~g-1 and 6{\textendash}55~ng~cm-2~y-1, respectively. ΣPAH43 concentration profiles, accumulation rates and Δ14C values are significantly altered only for the sediments in the immediate vicinity of the \{DWH\} wellhead. This shows that the impact of \{DWH\} oil input on deep-sea sediments was generally limited to the area close to the spill site. Further, the \{PAHs\} source diagnostic analyses suggest a noticeable change in \{PAHs\} composition from higher to lower molecular weight dominance which reflects a change in source of \{PAHs\} in the past three years, back to the background composition. Results indicate low to moderate levels of \{PAH\} pollution in this region at present, which are unlikely to cause adverse effects on benthic communities.},
	keywords = {Radiocarbon (Δ14C)},
	issn = {0269-7491},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.064},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749116300641},
	author = {Puspa L. Adhikari and Kanchan Maiti and Edward B. Overton and Brad E. Rosenheim and Brian D. Marx}
}
