@article {2764,
	title = {Mineral protection regulates long-term global preservation of natural organic carbon},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {570},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-06-2019},
	pages = {228 - 231},
	abstract = {The balance between photosynthetic organic carbon production and respiration controls atmospheric composition and climate1,2. The majority of organic carbon is respired back to carbon dioxide in the biosphere, but a small fraction escapes remineralization and is preserved over geological timescales3. By removing reduced carbon from Earth{\textquoteright}s surface, this sequestration process promotes atmospheric oxygen accumulation2 and carbon dioxide removal1. Two major mechanisms have been proposed to explain organic carbon preservation: selective preservation of biochemically unreactive compounds4,5 and protection resulting from interactions with a mineral matrix6,7. Although both mechanisms can operate across a range of environments and timescales, their global relative importance on 1,000-year to 100,000-year timescales remains uncertain4. Here we present a global dataset of the distributions of organic carbon activation energy and corresponding radiocarbon ages in soils, sediments and dissolved organic carbon. We find that activation energy distributions broaden over time in all mineral-containing samples. This result requires increasing bond-strength diversity, consistent with the formation of organo-mineral bonds8 but inconsistent with selective preservation. Radiocarbon ages further reveal that high-energy, mineral-bound organic carbon persists for millennia relative to low-energy, unbound organic carbon. Our results provide globally coherent evidence for the proposed7 importance of mineral protection in promoting organic carbon preservation. We suggest that similar studies of bond-strength diversity in ancient sediments may reveal how and why organic carbon preservation{\textemdash}and thus atmospheric composition and climate{\textemdash}has varied over geological time.},
	issn = {0028-0836},
	doi = {10.1038/s41586-019-1280-6},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1280-6},
	author = {Hemingway, Jordon D. and Rothman, Daniel H. and Grant, Katherine E. and Rosengard, Sarah Z. and Eglinton, Timothy I. and Derry, Louis A. and Galy, Valier V.}
}
@article {2789,
	title = {The effect of sample drying temperature on marine particulate organic carbon composition},
	journal = {Limnology and Oceanography: Methods},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-05-2018},
	pages = {286 - 298},
	abstract = {Compositional changes in marine particulate organic carbon (POC) throughout the water column trace important processes that underlie the biological pump{\textquoteright}s efficiency. While labor-intensive, particle sampling efforts offer potential to expand the empirical POC archive at different stages in the water column, provided that organic composition is sufficiently preserved between sampling and analysis. The standard procedure for preserving organic matter composition in marine samples is to immediately store particles at -80{\textdegree}C to -20{\textdegree}C until they can be freeze-dried for analysis. This report investigates the effect of warmer drying and storage temperatures on POC composition, which applies to the majority of POC samples collected in the field without intention for organic analysis. Particle samples collected off Woods Hole, Massachusetts were immediately dried at 56{\textdegree}C, at room temperature, or stored in a freezer until freeze-drying. Results show that oven- and air-drying did not shift the bulk composition (i.e., carbon and nitrogen content and stable isotope composition) of POC in the samples relative to freeze-drying. Similarly, warmer drying temperatures did not affect POC thermal stability, as inferred by ramped pyrolysis/oxidation, a growing technique that uses a continuous temperature ramp to differentiate components of organic carbon by their decomposition temperature. Oven- and air-drying did depress lipid abundances relative to freeze-drying, the extent of which depended on compound size and structure. The data suggest that field samples dried at room temperatures and 56{\textdegree}C are appropriate for assessing bulk POC composition and thermal stability, but physical mechanisms such as molecular volatilization bias their lipid composition.},
	doi = {10.1002/lom3.v16.510.1002/lom3.10245},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324893072_The_effect_of_sample_drying_temperature_on_marine_particulate_organic_carbon_composition},
	author = {Rosengard, Sarah Z. and Lam, Phoebe J. and McNichol, Ann P. and Johnson, Carl G. and Galy, Valier V.}
}
@article {2608,
	title = {Technical note: An inverse method to relate organic carbon reactivity to isotope composition from serial oxidation},
	journal = {Biogeosciences},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-01-2017},
	pages = {5099 - 5114},
	doi = {10.5194/bg-14-5099-201710.5194/bg-14-5099-2017-supplement},
	url = {https://www.biogeosciences.net/14/5099/2017/https://www.biogeosciences.net/14/5099/2017/bg-14-5099-2017.pdfhttps://www.biogeosciences.net/14/5099/2017/bg-14-5099-2017-supplement.zip},
	author = {Hemingway, Jordon D. and Rothman, Daniel H. and Rosengard, Sarah Z. and Galy, Valier V.}
}
