@article {2884,
	title = {Age, Growth and Death of a National Icon: The Historic Chapman Baobab of Botswana},
	journal = {Forests},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-11-2019},
	pages = {983},
	abstract = {The year 2016 witnessed the fall of a symbol of the botanical world: the historic Chapman baobab of Botswana. This article presents the results of our investigation of the standing and fallen tree. The Chapman baobab had an open ring-shaped structure composed of six partially fused stems. Several wood samples collected from the stems prior and after their collapse were analysed by using radiocarbon dating. The radiocarbon date of the oldest sample was 1381 {\textpm} 22 BP, which corresponds to a calibrated age of 1345 (+10, -15) calendar years. The dating results show that the six stems of the Chapman baobab belonged to three different generations, which were 1350{\textendash}1400, 800{\textendash}1000 and 500{\textendash}600 years old. The growth rate variation of the largest and oldest stem is presented and correlated with the climate evolution in the area over the past 1000 years. The factors that determined the sudden fall and death of the Chapman baobab are also presented and discussed.},
	doi = {10.3390/f10110983},
	url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/10/11/983},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Woodborne, Stephan and Patrut, Roxana T. and Hall, Grant and Rakosy, Laszlo and Winterbach, Christiaan and von Reden, Karl F.}
}
@article {2886,
	title = {The demise of the largest and oldest African baobabs},
	journal = {Nature Plants},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-07-2018},
	pages = {423 - 426},
	abstract = {The African baobab is the biggest and longest-living angiosperm tree. By using radiocarbon dating we identified the stable architectures that enable baobabs to reach large sizes and great ages. We report that 9 of the 13 oldest and 5 of the 6 largest individuals have died, or at least their oldest parts/stems have collapsed and died, over the past 12 years; the cause of the mortalities is still unclear.},
	doi = {10.1038/s41477-018-0170-5},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-018-0170-5},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Woodborne, Stephan and Patrut, Roxana T. and Rakosy, Laszlo and Lowy, Daniel A. and Hall, Grant and von Reden, Karl F.}
}
@article {2885,
	title = {Final Radiocarbon Investigation of Platland Tree, the Biggest African Baobab},
	journal = {Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Chemia},
	volume = {62},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Apr-06-2018},
	pages = {347 - 354},
	abstract = {The article discloses the main results of our new investigation of Platland tree, a.k.a. Sunland baobab, the largest known African baobab. Our recent research was motivated by the three successive splits of 2016 and 2017, which determined the collapse and demise of the stems that have built the main unit of the tree. According to our new findings concerning the architecture of large and old baobabs, we established that Platland tree has a double closed-ring shaped structure and consists of two units/rings that close two separate false cavities. The larger unit was composed of five fused stems, out of which four toppled and died, while the fifth stem is already broken. The smaller unit, which is still standing, consists of three fused stems. We also determined that the larger unit had an age of 800 yr, while the smaller unit is 1100 yr old.},
	issn = {12247154},
	doi = {10.24193/subbchem.2017.2.27},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318354222_Final_Radiocarbon_Investigation_of_Platland_Tree_the_Biggest_African_Baobab},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Woodborne, Stephan and Patrut, Roxana T. and Rakosy, Laszlo and Hall, Grant and Ratiu, Ileana-Andreea and von Reden, Karl F.}
}
@article {2450,
	title = {The Growth Stop Phenomenon Of Baobabs (Adansonia Spp.) Identified By Radiocarbon DatingAbstract},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {59504754164661},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-04-2017},
	pages = {435 - 448},
	abstract = {The article reports the growth stop phenomenon, which was documented only for baobabs, i.e. for trees belonging to the Adansonia genus. The identification of growth stop was enabled by radiocarbon dating, which allows a complex investigation of samples collected from the trunk/stems of baobabs. In several cases, the outermost rings of baobabs, which were close to the bark, were found to be old, with ages of several hundreds of years, instead of being very young. Dating results of samples collected from six baobabs are presented. For multistemmed baobabs, the growth stop may occur only for one or several stems. We identified four factors that may induce the growth stop: (i) stress determined by severe climate conditions, (ii) old age, (iii) the need to keep a stable internal architecture, and (iv) the collapse of stems that survive this trauma. Baobabs and their stems affected by growth stop may survive for several centuries, by continuing to produce leaves, flowers, and fruits. This phenomenon was associated with the capacity of baobabs to store large amounts of water in their trunks/stems in the rainy season. This reservoir of water is used during the dry season and allows the trees to survive prolonged drought periods.},
	keywords = {Age determination, AMS, growth stop, Radiocarbon dating, tropical trees},
	issn = {0033-8222},
	doi = {10.1017/RDC.2016.92},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033822216000928/type/journal_articlehttps://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0033822216000928},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Woodborne, Stephan and von Reden, Karl F and Hall, Grant and Patrut, Roxana T and Rakosy, Laszlo and Danthu, Pascal and Pock-Tsy, Jean-Michel Leong and Lowy, Daniel A and Margineanu, Dragos}
}
@article {19,
	title = {African Baobabs with False Inner Cavities: The Radiocarbon Investigation of the Lebombo Eco Trail Baobab},
	journal = {PLoS One},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2015},
	note = {PT: J; TC: 0; UT: WOS:000348470400021},
	pages = {e0117193-e0117193},
	abstract = {The article reports the radiocarbon investigation results of the Lebombo Eco Trail tree, a representative African baobab from Mozambique. Several wood samples collected from the large inner cavity and from the outer part of the tree were investigated by AMS radiocarbon dating. According to dating results, the age values of all samples increase from the sampling point with the distance into the wood. For samples collected from the cavity walls, the increase of age values with the distance into the wood (up to a point of maximum age) represents a major anomaly. The only realistic explanation for this anomaly is that such inner cavities are, in fact, natural empty spaces between several fused stems disposed in a ring-shaped structure. We named them false cavities. Several important differences between normal cavities and false cavities are presented. Eventually, we dated other African baobabs with false inner cavities. We found that this new architecture enables baobabs to reach large sizes and old ages. The radiocarbon date of the oldest sample was 1425 +/- 24 BP, which corresponds to a calibrated age of 1355 +/- 15 yr. The dating results also show that the Lebombo baobab consists of five fused stems, with ages between 900 and 1400 years; these five stems build the complete ring. The ring and the false cavity closed 800-900 years ago. The results also indicate that the stems stopped growing toward the false cavity over the past 500 years.},
	issn = {1932-6203},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0117193},
	author = {Patrut, Adrian and Woodborne, Stephan and von Reden, Karl F. and Hall, Grant and Hofmeyr, Michele and Lowy, Daniel A. and Patrut, Roxana T.}
}
