@article {2960,
	title = {The dynamics of warming during the last deglaciation in high-elevation regions of Eastern Equatorial Africa},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {281},
	year = {2022},
	month = {Jan-04-2022},
	pages = {107416},
	abstract = {Tropical mountain environments, such as the Rwenzori Mountains in equatorial Africa, are thought to be particularly sensitive to climate change. Ongoing warming in the Rwenzori is impacting local environments and communities through glacial retreat, fires, and flooding. Paleoclimate reconstructions from elsewhere in Africa suggest considerable warming accompanied glacier retreat during the last glacial termination, from \~{}21 thousand years before present (ka) through the early to mid-Holocene. Quantifying these changes has been difficult but could help to assess future impacts in the Rwenzori. Here, we present a \~{}21 thousand-year (kyr) temperature reconstruction based on the relative abundance of branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) from Lake Mahoma (2,990 m above sea level; m asl) in the Rwenzori Mountains, Uganda. Our record, paired with existing Rwenzori glacial moraine 10Be exposure ages, suggests that deglacial warming and glacial retreat began by \~{}20 ka and accelerated at \~{}18{\textendash}18.5 ka. The timing of the onset of rapid warming matches the timing of the post-glacial rise in radiative forcing from atmospheric greenhouse gases (GHGs) from Antarctic ice cores (Brook et al., 1996; Marcott et al., 2014; Monnin et al., 2004; Schilt et al., 2010). Our temperature reconstruction registers \~{}4.9 {\textdegree}C warming from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the late Holocene. This increase is larger than the average \~{}2-4 {\textdegree}C warming observed in records from lower elevation sites in tropical East Africa, but similar to that observed at other high-elevation sites in this region. The increased warming at higher elevations thus confirms that the temperature lapse rate steepened during the LGM over this region. Our results also indicate \~{}3 {\textdegree}C of warming during the mid-Holocene relative to the late Holocene. This suggests that the freezing-level height rose above Rwenzori summit elevations at that time, likely causing complete deglaciation of the Rwenzori Mountains from \~{}5 to 7 ka. The mid-Holocene is thus a potential analog for the glacial and environmental changes that these mountains are likely to experience in the coming decades. Overall, the timing and magnitude of temperature change observed in our record has important implications for climate model projections of future warming in tropical Africa.},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107416},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379122000476},
	author = {Garelick, Sloane and Russell, James and Richards, Adin and Smith, Jamila and Kelly, Meredith and Anderson, Nathan and Jackson, Margaret S. and Doughty, Alice and Nakileza, Bob and Ivory, Sarah and Dee, Sylvia and Marshall, Charlie}
}
@article {2801,
	title = {Asynchronous behavior of the Antarctic Ice Sheet and local glaciers during and since Termination 1, Salmon Valley, Antarctica},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {482},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-01-2018},
	pages = {396 - 406},
	abstract = {The stability of the Antarctic Ice Sheet under future warming remains an open question with broad implications for sea-level prediction and adaptation. In particular, knowledge of whether the ice sheet has the capacity for rapid drawdown or collapse, or whether it can remain stable during periods of warming, is essential for predicting its future behavior. Here we use 55 radiocarbon dates, coupled with geomorphologic mapping, to reconstruct the timing of changes in ice extent and elevation during the last ice-age termination in Salmon Valley, adjacent to McMurdo Sound in the western Ross Sea Embayment. Results indicate that a grounded ice sheet in the Ross Sea Embayment achieved its maximum elevation and extent along the headlands of Salmon Valley at \~{}18,000 yr BP, during a period of increasing temperatures and accumulation over the Antarctic continent. This ice remained at or near its maximum on the headlands near the valley mouth until after \~{}14,000 yr BP. Removal of grounded Ross Sea ice from Salmon Valley was complete shortly after \~{}7900 yr BP, indicating that the grounding line had retreated through southern McMurdo Sound by that time. We suggest the primary driver of Ross Sea ice removal from McMurdo Sound was marine-based, either through basal melting or calving due to sea-level rise. When combined with regional data, the Salmon Valley record suggests that this sector of the Antarctic Ice Sheet did not contribute in a significant way to deglacial meltwater pulses, such as meltwater pulse 1a. In contrast to the Ross Sea ice, our work also shows that local, independent alpine glaciers in Salmon Valley have advanced through the Holocene. Land-terminating glaciers such as these elsewhere in the region show a similar pattern, and may reflect the continued influence of increased accumulation following the termination of the last ice age.},
	keywords = {Antarctic Ice Sheet, glacial geomorphology, ice sheet stability, Termination I},
	issn = {0012821X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2017.11.038},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0012821X1730674X},
	author = {Jackson, Margaret S. and Hall, Brenda L. and Denton, George H.}
}
@article {2685,
	title = {Holocene history of the Greenland Ice-Sheet margin in Northern Nunatarssuaq, Northwest Greenland},
	journal = {arktos},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-12-2018},
	abstract = {Records of past Greenland Ice-Sheet (GrIS) extents are important for understanding the response of the ice sheet to climate conditions, providing a longer term perspective on present ice-margin fluctuations, and evaluating ice-sheet models. We present a record of Holocene GrIS extents in Nunatarssuaq, Northwest Greenland, based on geomorphic mapping combined with 10Be surface exposure dating of rock surfaces and 14C dating of subfossil plants. 10Be ages of boulders and bedrock exposed during deglaciation from the Last Glacial Maximum range from ~ 81 to 15 ka. The apparently old ages of some samples and scatter in the dataset indicate the presence of 10Be inherited from prior periods of exposure and suggest that overriding ice was minimally erosive. Subfossil plants exposed on a debris band in the GrIS margin date to ~ 4.7 cal ka BP and register a time when the Northwest GrIS was smaller than at present. Geomorphic evidence, including a drift sheet, grounding-line moraines, and higher levels of Nords{\o}, document an advance of the Nuna and Tunge Rampen (GrIS outlet glaciers). 14C ages of in situ subfossil plants and 10Be ages of boulders bracket this advance to ~ 3.2{\textendash}2.1 ka, a period of regional cooling. Unweathered, lichen-free drift occurs < 50 m beyond the present GrIS margin in most locations. 10Be ages of this drift are 2.2{\textendash}0.5 ka and likely contain inherited nuclides. 14C ages of in situ subfossil plants atop this drift are between cal AD ~ 1640 and 2001, suggesting recent ice-margin fluctuations.},
	issn = {2364-9453},
	doi = {10.1007/s41063-018-0044-0},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s41063-018-0044-0http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41063-018-0044-0.pdfhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41063-018-0044-0/fulltext.htmlhttp://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41063-018-0044-0.pdf},
	author = {Farnsworth, Lauren B. and Kelly, Meredith A. and Bromley, Gordon R. M. and Axford, Yarrow and Osterberg, Erich C. and Howley, Jennifer A. and Jackson, Margaret S. and Zimmerman, Susan R.}
}
