@article {2915,
	title = {Dissolved black carbon is not likely a significant refractory organic carbon pool in rivers and oceansAbstract},
	journal = {Nature Communications},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-12-2020},
	abstract = {Rivers are the major carriers of dissolved black carbon (DBC) from land to ocean; the sources of DBC during its continuous transformation and cycling in the ocean, however, are not well characterized. Here, we present new carbon isotope data for DBC in four large and two small mountainous rivers, the Yangtze and Yellow river estuaries, the East China Sea and the North Pacific Ocean. We found that the carbon isotope signatures of DBC are relatively homogeneous, and the DBC C-14 ages in rivers are predominantly young and increase during continuous transport and cycling in the ocean. The results of charcoal leaching experiments indicate that DBC is released from charcoal and degraded by bacteria. Our study suggests that riverine DBC is labile and respired during transport and mixing into the ocean and that residual DBC is cycled and aged on the same time scales as bulk DOC in the ocean. Black carbon is a recalcitrant byproduct of biomass burning that ultimately accumulates in oceanic sinks. Here the authors assessed the sources and cycling of dissolved black carbon in rivers and oceans, finding that oceanic pools are cycled and aged on the same time scales as dissolved organic carbon.},
	keywords = {Changjiang, cycle, flux, HUANGHE RIVERS, level, particulate, quantification, radiocarbon, sea},
	doi = {10.1038/s41467-020-18808-8},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-18808-8http://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-18808-8.pdfhttp://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-18808-8.pdfhttp://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-18808-8},
	author = {Qi, Yuanzhi and Fu, Wenjing and Tian, Jiwei and Luo, Chunle and Shan, Sen and Sun, Shuwen and Ren, Peng and Zhang, Hongmei and Liu, Jiwen and Zhang, Xiaohua and Wang, Xuchen}
}
@article {2117,
	title = {Ocean ventilation and sedimentation since the glacial maximum at 3 km in the western North Atlantic},
	journal = {Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2002},
	note = {565rlTimes Cited:26
Cited References Count:43
},
	month = {Jun 22},
	abstract = {[1] Stable isotope, sedimentological, and radiocarbon data from cores at similar to 3 km water depth on the Blake Ridge, western subtropical North Atlantic, reveal the history of deep water ventilation since the last glacial maximum (LGM). Bulk sediment accumulation rates varied locally by a factor of 2 under the influence of bottom currents in this sediment drift environment, but the sand flux, mostly foraminifera, was nearly identical at a given time. This suggests that the rain rate of foraminifera (mostly planktonic) was constant, that transport of foraminifera was negligible, and that current-controlled differences in clay and silt transport drive bulk accumulation. In two of the cores, flux peaks in the benthic foraminifera Cibicidoides and Uvigerina peregrina occurred during the Younger Dryas (YD) cold event, and at 18.2, 19.6, 21.1, 25.0, and 28.1 ka. Radiocarbon measurements on those benthic foraminifera show the ventilation age of bottom waters was similar to 1000 years during the YD, and for older events it was as great as 2000 years. These results contrast with Holocene ventilation, which was similar to 500 years and 700 years at 1500 years and similar to 7100 years before present, respectively.},
	keywords = {abyssal circulation, benthic foraminifera, c-14 ages, Calibration, climate-change, deep-water, Holocene, Last glacial maximum, ocean ventilation, radiocarbon, radiocarbon age, sea, sediment drifts, Younger Dryas},
	isbn = {1525-2027},
	doi = {10.1029/2001GC000283},
	author = {Keigwin, L. D. and Schlegel, M. A.}
}
@article {2171,
	title = {Postglacial climate and vegetation history, north-central Kola Peninsula, Russia: pollen and diatom records from Lake Yarnyshnoe-3},
	journal = {Boreas},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2000},
	note = {378dxTimes Cited:28
Cited References Count:82
},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {261-271},
	abstract = {A sediment core from Lake Yamyshnoe-3 (69 degrees 04{\textquoteright}N; 36 degrees 04{\textquoteright}E), an emerged coastal lake from the tundra of the north-central Kola Peninsula, has been analyzed for fossil pollen and diatoms. The pollen record shows the Younger Dryas event marked by increasing Artemisia coupled with decreases in Poaceae, Cyperaceae and Salix at c. 10 700 to 10 000 BP. This core provides the first well-defined palynological record of the Younger Dryas event on the Kola Peninsula. Stomates from Pinus were recovered from the core interval between 8000 and 6000 BP. The stomates, coupled with elevated values of pine pollen, indicate that Pinus sylvestris grew near the arctic coastline of the central Kola Peninsula in the middle Holocene. However, the small number of stomates suggests that pines were not plentiful. The diatom record from the core reflects basin isolation from the sea and indicates additional limnological changes during the climate transition between c. 5000 and 4000 BP. The broadly similar climate and vegetation history on the north-central Kola Peninsula and in Fennoscandia demonstrates the propagation of late glacial and Holocene climate events from the North Atlantic region into the Eurasian Arctic.},
	keywords = {atlantic, finnish lapland, Holocene, late pleistocene, norway, sea, sediments, varanger-peninsula, western part, younger-dryas},
	isbn = {0300-9483},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1502-3885.2000.tb01209.x},
	author = {Snyder, J. A. and MacDonald, G. M. and Forman, S. L. and Tarasov, G. A. and Mode, W. N.}
}
