@article {2676,
	title = {Removal of Refractory Dissolved Organic Carbon in the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica},
	journal = {Scientific Reports},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-12-2020},
	abstract = {The removal mechanism of refractory deep-ocean dissolved organic carbon (deep-DOC) is poorly understood. The Amundsen Sea Polynya (ASP) serves as a natural test basin for assessing the fate of deep-DOC when it is supplied with a large amount of fresh-DOC and exposed to strong solar radiation during the polynya opening in austral summer. We measured the radiocarbon content of DOC in the water column on the western Amundsen shelf. The radiocarbon content of DOC in the surface water of the ASP reflected higher primary production than in the region covered by sea ice. The radiocarbon measurements of DOC, taken two years apart in the ASP, were different, suggesting rapid cycling of DOC. The increase in DOC concentration was less than expected from the observed increase in radiocarbon content from those at the greatest depths. Based on a radiocarbon mass balance, we show that deep-DOC is consumed along with fresh-DOC in the ASP. Our observations imply that water circulation through the surface layer, where fresh-DOC is produced, may play an important role in global DOC cycling.},
	keywords = {CIRCUMPOLAR DEEP-WATER, cycle, DOC, glaciers, INFLOW, MATTER, pacific, phytoplankton, poc, radiocarbon},
	doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-57870-6},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-57870-6http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-57870-6.pdfhttp://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-57870-6.pdfhttp://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-57870-6},
	author = {Fang, Ling and Lee, SangHoon and Lee, Shin-Ah and Hahm, Doshik and Kim, Guebuem and Druffel, Ellen R. M. and Hwang, Jeomshik}
}
@article {2147,
	title = {Effects of biosynthesis and physiology on relative abundances and isotopic compositions of alkenones},
	journal = {Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2001},
	note = {458kdTimes Cited:6
Cited References Count:39
},
	month = {Jan 29},
	pages = {art. no.-2000GC000052},
	abstract = {The number of double bonds in long-chain, unsaturated ketones (alkenones) produced by some members of the Haptophyceae is correlated with the ambient temperature at the time of synthesis. For these same organisms the depletion of carbon-13 in biosynthetic products relative to dissolved inorganic carbon is related directly to the specific growth rate and inversely to the concentration of dissolved carbon dioxide. This report summarizes issues relating to the physiology, metabolism, and biochemistry of alkenone producers and how they affect the abundances and isotopic compositions of alkenones. These considerations show that an understanding of cellular responses to parameters governing uptake of inorganic carbon (C-i), isotopic fractionation, growth under diverse nutrient conditions, and genetic variability, both in the field and in culture, is necessary for developing a conceptual understanding of the biological significance of the epsilonp and U-37(K{\textquoteright}) indices. Emiliana huxleyi is the best known alkenone producer and can serve as a model organism for these studies. This report identifies knowledge gaps and appropriate objectives for both field- and laboratory-based research.},
	keywords = {algae, alkenones, anhydrase, biogeochemical processes, biosynthesis, calcification, carbon-13, emiliania-huxleyi prymnesiophyceae, fractionation, Haptophytes, inorganic carbon utilization, instruments and techniques, isoprenoid biosynthesis, marine diatom, paleoceanography, photosynthesis, physiology, phytoplankton, sea surface temperature},
	isbn = {1525-2027},
	doi = {10.1029/2000GC000052},
	author = {Gonzalez, E. L. and Riebesell, U. and Hayes, J. M. and Laws, E. A.}
}
@article {2299,
	title = {An isotopic biogeochemical study of Neoproterozoic and Early Cambrian sediments from the Centralian Superbasin, Australia},
	journal = {Geochim Cosmochim Acta},
	volume = {61},
	year = {1997},
	note = {Logan, G ASummons, R E
Hayes, J M
eng
Research Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Non-P.H.S.
1997/01/01 00:00
Geochim Cosmochim Acta. 1997;61(24):5391-409.
},
	month = {1997},
	pages = {5391-409},
	abstract = {Organic matter from Neoproterozoic and Early Cambrian sediments of the Amadeus and Officer basins of the Centralian Superbasin, Australia, has been studied for biomarker distributions and the carbon isotopic compositions of kerogen and individual hydrocarbons. These sediments represent both shallow and deep water marine facies in the older sections and marine and saline lacustrine carbonate deposits in the Cambrian. Hydrocarbon biomarker patterns were found to be quite consistent with the known sedimentary environments and provide valuable insights into the biogeochemical changes which accompanied the transition from a microbially-dominated ocean to the early stages of metazoan radiation. In particular, carbon isotopic data for n-alkyl and isoprenoid lipids presented here, and in earlier studies, showed a reversal in carbon isotopic ordering between the Proterozoic and Phanerozoic. By comparison with the delta 13C of kerogen, n-alkyl lipids from deep-water Proterozoic sediments were enriched in 13C and appear to be derived mainly from heterotrophs whilst open marine Phanerozoic counterparts are 13C depleted and evidently derived mainly from autotrophs. Data from the samples studied here are consistent with a model invoking a change in the redox structure of the ocean, possibly aided by the innovation of faecal pellets.},
	keywords = {Alkanes/analysis/chemistry, Animals, australia, biomarkers, carbon isotopes, Carbon/analysis/*chemistry, Cyanobacteria, Eukaryota, Feces, Fossils, Geologic Sediments/*analysis/chemistry, Hydrocarbons/analysis, NASA Discipline Exobiology, Non-NASA Center, Paleontology, phytoplankton, SEAWATER, Terpenes/analysis, Zooplankton},
	isbn = {0016-7037 (Print)0016-7037 (Linking)
},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11540731},
	author = {Logan, G. A. and Summons, R. E. and Hayes, J. M.}
}
