@article {2840,
	title = {Aged dissolved organic carbon exported from rivers of the Tibetan Plateau},
	journal = {PLOS ONE},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Feb-05-2019},
	pages = {e0178166},
	abstract = {The role played by river networks in regional and global carbon cycle is receiving increasing attention. Despite the potential of radiocarbon measurements (14C) to elucidate sources and cycling of different riverine carbon pools, there remain large regions such as the climate-sensitive Tibetan Plateau for which no data are available. Here we provide new 14C data on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from three large Asian rivers (the Yellow, Yangtze and Yarlung Tsangpo Rivers) running on the Tibetan Plateau and present the carbon transportation pattern in rivers of the plateau versus other river system in the world. Despite higher discharge rates during the high flow season, the DOC yield of Tibetan Plateau rivers (0.41 gC m-2 yr-1) was lower than most other rivers due to lower concentrations. Radiocarbon ages of the DOC were older/more depleted (511{\textpm}294 years before present, yr BP) in the Tibetan rivers than those in Arctic and tropical rivers. A positive correlation between radiocarbon age and permafrost watershed coverage was observed, indicating that 14C-deplted/old carbon is exported from permafrost regions of the Tibetan Plateau during periods of high flow. This is in sharp contrast to permafrost regions of the Arctic which export 14C-enriched carbon during high discharge periods.},
	keywords = {Carbon cycle, Carbon dioxide, Climate change, Rain, Rivers, Surface water, Tibetan people, TIBETAN PLATEAU},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0178166},
	url = {https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178166},
	author = {Qu, Bin and Sillanp{\"a}{\"a}, Mika and Li, Chaoliu and Kang, Shichang and Stubbins, Aron and Yan, Fangping and Aho, Kelly Sue and Zhou, Feng and Raymond, Peter A.},
	editor = {Lin, Senjie}
}
@article { ISI:000290199000003,
	title = {Multiple-source heterotrophy fueled by aged organic carbon in an urbanized estuary},
	journal = {MARINE CHEMISTRY},
	volume = {124},
	number = {{1-4}},
	year = {2011},
	month = {MAR 20},
	pages = {14-22},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The lower Hudson River is a highly urbanized estuary that receives large inputs of treated wastewater. To determine how organic matter from wastewater influences carbon cycling in this type of system, we measured chlorophyll a, pCO(2). dissolved organic carbon (DOC), delta(13)C-DOC, and Delta(14)C-DOC along the salinity gradient and at wastewater treatment plants. Isotopic mixing curves indicate a net removal of DOC that is (13)C enriched and (14)C depleted. The amount of DOC removed was consistent with CO(2) evasion from the estuary. During two transects at average to low flow, the lower Hudson River Estuary was a heterotrophic system with CO(2) evasion balanced by the utilization of aged DOC derived from wastewater and marine phytoplankton that enter the estuary at the seaward end-member. DOC removals were largest during a period of high river flow, when isotopic mixing curves also suggest large contributions from labile terrestrial OC sources. Overall, our results suggest that net heterotrophy in the lower Hudson River Estuary is fueled by aged labile DOC derived from a combination of sources, which are influenced by seasonal phytoplankton blooms, hydrological conditions, and the nature of wastewater inputs. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {(13)C, (14)C, Carbon cycle, Carbon dioxide, Chlorophyll, dissolved organic carbon, Heterotrophy, Hudson River Estuary, Isotope mixing curves, Sewage, USA, Wastewater},
	issn = {0304-4203},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marchem.2010.11.003},
	author = {Griffith, David R. and Raymond, Peter A.}
}
@conference {1279,
	title = {An Ocean-Wide DIC-13 Data Set},
	booktitle = {2000 Ocean Sciences Meeting, San Antonio, TX (USA), 24-28 Jan 2000},
	year = {2000},
	note = {Date revised - 2007-04-01SuppNotes - Abstracts available.Last updated - 2016-12-21},
	month = {January 2000},
	publisher = {American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington, DC 20009 USA},
	organization = {American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington, DC 20009 USA},
	abstract = {High quality DIC-13 measurements were made throughout the world{\textquoteright}s oceans at the University of Washington (UW) and the National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (NOSAMS) Facility during both the OACES and WOCE programs. We are currently merging these two data sets which represent 25000 individual DIC- 13 measurements from 1260 stations. We will present the inter-laboratory calibration and standardization data. Based on 135 measurements on CO2 gas extracted at UW, the mean offset between the two labs is 0.01 o/oo, similar to the offset observed from an exchange of DIC standards (0.012 o/oo). Stations measured by both laboratories will also be examined for offsets, although one comparison in the Indian Ocean shows no significant differences. We will present our progress towards a global atlas of DIC-13, primarily maps of the merged data sets in the Pacific, Southern, and Indian Oceans. In this poster we will concentrate on regions that have been under-sampled in the past, e.g. the Southern Ocean. Additionally, we will examine the relationship of DIC-13 to PO4 and to DIC-14. A preliminary analysis of DIC-13 and PO4 from three WOCE lines in the Pacific indicates that the expected relationship is observed in the deep waters and that the data from different water masses occupy well-defined regions of the graph. We are examining the potential for using the relationship between DIC-14 and DIC-13 to improve our understanding of the penetration of bomb radiocarbon into the ocean as well as fundamental processes in the deep ocean. The relationship is complex yet the data from shallow to intermediate depths (100 to 1000m) follow two distinct parallel lines that are related to the hemisphere in which},
	keywords = {carbon cycling, Carbon dioxide, Deep water, dissolved inorganic carbon, ISW, Indian Ocean, Marine, Mass Spectrometry, Ocean circulation, Phosphates, PS, Antarctic Ocean, Q2 09146:TSD distribution, water masses and circulation, Stable isotopes, Standardization, Water masses, World Ocean, World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE)},
	url = {https://search.proquest.com/docview/19610793?accountid=29119},
	author = {McNichol, A P and Quay, P D and Stuart, D R and Sonnerup, R E and Key, R M}
}
@conference {1692,
	title = {Microscale AMS (super <sup>14</sup>) C measurement at NOSAMS},
	volume = {40},
	year = {1998},
	note = {id: 2237; Source type: conferencepapers\&proceedings; Object type: Article; Object type: Conference Paper; Copyright: GeoRef, Copyright 2007, American Geological Institute.; CSAUnique: 1999-044438; AccNum: 1999-044438; ISSN: 0033-8222; CODEN: RACAAT},
	month = {1998},
	pages = {61-75},
	publisher = {University of Arizona, Department of Geosciences, Tucson, AZ, United States (USA)},
	organization = {University of Arizona, Department of Geosciences, Tucson, AZ, United States (USA)},
	address = {United States (USA)},
	abstract = {Techniques for making precise and accurate radiocarbon accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) measurements on samples containing less than a few hundred micrograms of carbon are being developed at the NOSAMS facility. A detailed examination of all aspects of the sample preparation and data analysis process shows encouraging results. Small quantities of CO (sub 2) are reduced to graphite over cobalt catalyst at an optimal temperature of 605 degrees C. Measured (super 14) C/ (super 12) C ratios of the resulting targets are affected by machine-induced isotopic fractionation, which appears directly related to the decrease in ion current generated by the smaller sample sizes. It is possible to compensate effectively for this fractionation by measuring samples relative to small standards of identical size. Examination of the various potential sources of background (super 14) C contamination indicates that the sample combustion process is the largest contributor, adding ca. 1 mu g of carbon with a less-than-modern (super 14) C concentration.},
	keywords = {03, absolute age, accelerator mass spectroscopy, accuracy, C-14, C-14/C-12, carbon, Carbon dioxide, combustion, data processing, Geochronology, graphite, isotope fractionation, isotopes, mass spectroscopy, mathematical methods, methods, native elements, radioactive isotopes, sample preparation, size, spectroscopy, Stable isotopes},
	doi = {10.1017/S0033822200017902},
	url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10150/653650},
	author = {Pearson, Ann and McNichol, Ann P. and Schneider, Robert J. and von Reden, Karl F. and Zheng, Yan}
}
