TY - JOUR T1 - Coordinated hydrological regimes in the Indo-Pacific region during the past two millennia JF - Paleoceanography Y1 - 2010 A1 - Tierney, J. E. A1 - Oppo, D. W. A1 - Rosenthal, Y. A1 - Russell, J. M. A1 - Linsley, B. K. AB - Instrumental data suggest that major shifts in tropical Pacific atmospheric dynamics and hydrology have occurred within the past century, potentially in response to anthropogenic warming. To better understand these trends, we use the hydrogen isotopic ratios of terrestrial higher plant leaf waxes ( delta D-wax) in marine sediments from southwest Sulawesi, Indonesia, to compile a detailed reconstruction of central Indo-Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP) hydrologic variability spanning most of the last two millennia. Our paleodata are highly correlated with a monsoon reconstruction from Southeast Asia, indicating that intervals of strong East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) activity are associated with a weaker Indonesian monsoon (IM). Furthermore, the centennial-scale oscillations in our data follow known changes in Northern Hemisphere climate ( e. g., the Little Ice Age and Medieval Warm Period) implying a dynamic link between Northern Hemisphere temperatures and IPWP hydrology. The inverse relationship between the EASM and IM suggests that migrations of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and associated changes in monsoon strength caused synoptic hydrologic shifts in the IPWP throughout most of the past two millennia. VL - 25 N1 - id: 795; 565UW Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:42Y JO - Coordinated hydrological regimes in the Indo-Pacific region during the past two millennia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 2,000-year-long temperature and hydrology reconstructions from the Indo-Pacific warm pool JF - Nature Y1 - 2009 A1 - Oppo, D. W. A1 - Rosenthal, Y. A1 - Linsley, B. K. AB - Northern Hemisphere surface temperature reconstructions suggest that the late twentieth century was warmer than any other time during the past 500 years and possibly any time during the past 1,300 years (refs 1, 2). These temperature reconstructions are based largely on terrestrial records from extra-tropical or high-elevation sites; however, global average surface temperature changes closely follow those of the global tropics(3), which are 75% ocean. In particular, the tropical Indo-Pacific warm pool (IPWP) represents a major heat reservoir that both influences global atmospheric circulation(4) and responds to remote northern high-latitude forcings(5,6). Here we present a decadally resolved continuous sea surface temperature (SST) reconstruction from the IPWP that spans the past two millennia and overlaps the instrumental record, enabling both a direct comparison of proxy data to the instrumental record and an evaluation of past changes in the context of twentieth century trends. Our record from the Makassar Strait, Indonesia, exhibits trends that are similar to a recent Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction(2). Reconstructed SST was, however, within error of modern values from about AD 1000 to AD 1250, towards the end of the Medieval Warm Period. SSTs during the Little Ice Age ( approximately AD 1550-1850) were variable, and similar to 0.5 to 1 degrees C colder than modern values during the coldest intervals. A companion reconstruction of delta O-18 of sea water-a sea surface salinity and hydrology indicator-indicates a tight coupling with the East Asian monsoon system and remote control of IPWP hydrology on centennial-millennial timescales, rather than a dominant influence from local SST variation. 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Rosenthal, Yair Linsley, Braddock K.; YY JO - 2,000-year-long temperature and hydrology reconstructions from the Indo-Pacific warm pool ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 3500 yr record of centennial-scale climate variability from the Western Pacific Warm Pool JF - Geology Y1 - 2008 A1 - Langton, S. J. A1 - Linsley, B. K. A1 - Robinson, R. S. A1 - Rosenthal, Y. A1 - Oppo, D. W. A1 - Eglinton, T. I. A1 - Howe, S. S. A1 - Djajadihardja, Y. S. A1 - Syamsudin, F. AB - We use geochemical data from a sediment core in the shallow-silled and intermittently dysoxic Kau Bay in Halmahera (Indonesia, lat 1 degrees N, long 127.5 degrees E) to reconstruct century-scale climate variability within the Western Pacific Warm Pool over the past similar to 3500 yr. Downcore variations in bulk sedimentary delta N-15 appear to reflect century-scale variability in basin ventilation, attributed to changes in oceanographic conditions related to century-scale fluctuations in El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). We infer an increase in century-scale El Nino activity beginning ca. 1700 yr B.P. with peaks in El Nino activity ca. 1500 yr B.P., 1150 yr B.P., and ca. 700 yr B.P. The Kau Bay results suggest that there was diminished ENSO amplitude or frequency, or a departure from El Nino-like conditions during the Medieval Warm Period, and distinctive, but steadily decreasing, El Nino activity during and after the Little Ice Age. 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J. Linsley, B. K. Robinson, R. S. Rosenthal, Y. Oppo, D. W. Eglinton, T. I. Howe, S. S. Djajadihardja, Y. S. Syamsudin, F. U.S. National Science Foundation [OCE-0502550, OCE-0502504, OCE-052960] This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (grants OCE-0502550, OCE-0502504, and OCE-052960). We thank the captain, crew, technicians, and the scientific crew who helped with sample collection on the R/V Baruna Jaya VIII. Geological soc amer, inc Boulder; YY JO - 3500 yr record of centennial-scale climate variability from the Western Pacific Warm Pool ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Abrupt climate change and collapse of deep-sea ecosystems JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Y1 - 2008 A1 - Yasuhara, M. A1 - Cronin, T. M. A1 - deMenocal, P. B. A1 - Okahashi, H. A1 - Linsley, B. K. AB - We investigated the deep-sea fossil record of benthic ostracodes during periods of rapid climate and oceanographic change over the past 20,000 years in a core from intermediate depth in the northwestern Atlantic. Results show that deep-sea benthic community "collapses" occur with faunal turnover of up to 50% during major climatically driven oceanographic changes. Species diversity as measured by the Shannon-Wiener index falls from 3 to as low as 1.6 during these events. Major disruptions in the benthic communities commenced with Heinrich Event 1, the Inter-Allerod Cold Period (IACP: 13.1 ka), the Younger Dryas (YD: 12.9-11.5 ka), and several Holocene Bond events when changes in deep-water circulation occurred. The largest collapse is associated with the YD/IACP and is characterized by an abrupt two-step decrease in both the upper North Atlantic Deep Water assemblage and species diversity at 13.1 ka and at 12.2 ka. The ostracode fauna at this site did not fully recover until approximate to 8 ka, with the establishment of Labrador Sea Water ventilation. Ecologically opportunistic slope species prospered during this community collapse. Other abrupt community collapses during the past 20 ka generally correspond to millennial climate events. These results indicate that deep-sea ecosystems are not immune to the effects of rapid climate changes occurring over centuries or less. VL - 105 IS - 5 N1 - id: 1884; 261KQ Times Cited:12 Cited References Count:71Y JO - Abrupt climate change and collapse of deep-sea ecosystems ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The amplitude and phasing of climate change during the last deglaciation in the Sulu Sea, western equatorial Pacific JF - Geophysical Research Letters Y1 - 2003 A1 - Rosenthal, Y. A1 - Oppo, D. W. A1 - Linsley, B. K. KW - china KW - enso KW - level KW - monsoon KW - record KW - surface temperature AB - [1] Variations in tropical sea surface temperature patterns and the phasing relative to climate change in higher-latitudes provide insight into the mechanisms of climate change on both orbital and shorter time-scales. Here, we present well-dated, high-resolution records of planktonic foraminiferal delta(18)O and Mg/Ca-based SST spanning the last deglaciation from the Sulu Sea, located in the western equatorial Pacific. The results indicate that the last glacial maximum was 2.3 +/- 0.5degreesC cooler than present in the Sulu Sea with a concomitant decrease in sea surface salinity. The similarity between variations in surface salinity in the Sulu Sea, the western and eastern equatorial Pacific, and the Greenland ice-core record suggests that the observed changes in salinity reflect large-scale rearrangement of atmospheric patterns, which were coherent and synchronous throughout the Northern Hemisphere. The results suggest that the glacial equatorial Pacific climate was strongly influenced by both tropical, and extra-tropical forcing, although it is not clear whether interannual (ENSO) variability is a good analogue of glacial-interglacial climate change. VL - 30 SN - 0094-8276 IS - 8 N1 - 677zxTimes Cited:122 Cited References Count:18 JO - Geophys Res Lett ER - TY - JOUR T1 - East Asian monsoon forcing of suborbital variability in the Sulu Sea during Marine Isotope Stage 3: Link to Northern Hemisphere climate JF - Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems Y1 - 2003 A1 - Dannenmann, S. A1 - Linsley, B. K. A1 - Oppo, D. W. A1 - Rosenthal, Y. A1 - Beaufort, L. KW - 1620 global change : climate dynamics (3309) KW - 4267 oceanography : general : paleoceanography KW - dissolution KW - equatorial pacific KW - eurasian snow cover KW - isotope stage 3 KW - last glacial period KW - late pleistocene KW - Mg/Ca KW - millennial-scale climate change KW - oxygen isotopes KW - paleoceanography KW - planktonic-foraminifera KW - records KW - se asian monsoon KW - south china sea KW - summer monsoon KW - surface temperature-variations AB - [1] We have generated a new high-resolution record of variations in planktonic foraminiferal oxygen isotopes (delta(18)O) and Mg/Ca from a sediment core (IMAGES 97-2141) in the Sulu Sea located in the Philippine archipelago of western tropical Pacific. This record reveals distinct, suborbital-scale delta(18)O changes, most notably during Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3) (similar to30,000 to 60,000 years B.P.). The amplitudes of these delta(18)O fluctuations (0.4 to 0.7parts per thousand) exceed that which can be attributed to sea level changes and must be due to changes in sea surface conditions. In the same interval, variations in planktonic foraminifera Mg/Ca suggest that suborbital surface ocean temperature variations of 1 to 1.5degreesC in the Sulu Sea were not in phase with delta(18)O. Combined, this evidence indicates that the MIS3 millennial delta(18)O events in the Sulu Sea were primarily the result of changes in surface water salinity, which today is directly related to the East Asian Monsoon (EAM) and its influence on the balance between surface water contributions from the South China Sea and Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP). Within dating uncertainties the MIS3 Sulu Sea delta(18)O suborbital variability indicates that times of fresher surface conditions in the Sulu Sea coincide with similar conditions in the WPWP [Stott et al., 2002] and also with intensifications of the summer EAM as recorded in the U-Th dated Chinese (Hulu Cave) speleothem delta(18)O record [Wang et al., 2001] and thus by inference with interstadials in the Greenland Ice core records. Combined, these results indicate that pronounced suborbital variability in the summer EAM and Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) during MIS3 was tightly coupled with climate conditions in the northern high latitudes. VL - 4 SN - 1525-2027 N1 - 631mwTimes Cited:41 Cited References Count:53 JO - Geochem Geophy Geosy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High frequency dynamics of the East Asian Monsoon during the last 200,000 years JF - Paleoceanography Y1 - 2001 A1 - Garidel-Thoron, T. de A1 - Beaaufort, L. A1 - Linsley, B. K. A1 - Dannenmann, S. VL - 16 IS - 5 N1 - id: 272 ER -