TY - JOUR T1 - Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during the Last Glacial Maximum JF - Science Y1 - 2007 A1 - Lynch-Stieglitz, J. A1 - Adkins, J. F. A1 - Curry, W. B. A1 - Dokken, T. A1 - Hall, I. R. A1 - Herguera, J. C. A1 - Hirschi, J. J. M. A1 - Ivanova, E. V. A1 - Kissel, C. A1 - Marchal, O. A1 - Marchitto, T. M. A1 - McCave, I. N. A1 - McManus, J. F. A1 - Mulitza, S. A1 - Ninnemann, U. A1 - Peeters, F. A1 - Yu, E. F. A1 - Zahn, R. AB - The circulation of the deep Atlantic Ocean during the height of the last ice age appears to have been quite different from today. We review observations implying that Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during the Last Glacial Maximum was neither extremely sluggish nor an enhanced version of present-day circulation. The distribution of the decay products of uranium in sediments is consistent with a residence time for deep waters in the Atlantic only slightly greater than today. However, evidence from multiple water-mass tracers supports a different distribution of deep-water properties, including density, which is dynamically linked to circulation. 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Curry, William B. Dokken, Trond Hall, Ian R. Herguera, Juan Carlos Hirschi, Joel J. -M. Ivanova, Elena V. Kissel, Catherine Marchal, Olivier Marchitto, Thomas M. McCave, I. Nicholas McManus, Jerry F. Mulitza, Stefan Ninnemann, Ulysses Peeters, Frank Yu, Ein-Fen Zahn, Rainer Amer assoc advancement science Washington; YY JO - Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during the Last Glacial Maximum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Marine radiocarbon evidence for the mechanism of deglacial atmospheric CO2 rise JF - Science Y1 - 2007 A1 - Marchitto, T. M. A1 - Lehman, S. J. A1 - Ortiz, J. D. A1 - Fluckiger, J. A1 - van Geen, A. AB - We reconstructed the radiocarbon activity of intermediate waters in the eastern North Pacific over the past 38,000 years. Radiocarbon activity paralleled that of the atmosphere, except during deglaciation, when intermediate-water values fell by more than 300 per mil. Such a large decrease requires a deglacial injection of very old waters from a deep-ocean carbon reservoir that was previously well isolated from the atmosphere. The timing of intermediate-water radiocarbon depletion closely matches that of atmospheric carbon dioxide rise and effectively traces the redistribution of carbon from the deep ocean to the atmosphere during deglaciation. VL - 316 IS - 5830 N1 - Marchitto, Thomas MLehman, Scott JOrtiz, Joseph DFluckiger, Jacquelinevan Geen, AlexanderengResearch Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.2007/05/15 09:00Science. 2007 Jun 8;316(5830):1456-9. Epub 2007 May 10. JO - Marine radiocarbon evidence for the mechanism of deglacial atmospheric CO2 rise ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced marine productivity off western North America during warm climate intervals of the past 52 kyr JF - Geology Y1 - 2004 A1 - Ortiz, J. D. A1 - O'Connell, S. A1 - DelViscio, J. A1 - Dean, W. E. A1 - Carriquiry, J. A1 - Marchitto, T. M. A1 - Zheng, Y. A1 - van Geen, A. VL - 32 IS - 6 N1 - id: 603 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thirty thousand year record of climate from the Galapagos Islands and links with high latitudes JF - EOS Y1 - 2001 A1 - Koutavas, A. A1 - Lynch-Stieglitz, J. A1 - Sachs, J. P. A1 - Marchitto, T. M. AB - Fall Meeting Supplement F737 VL - 82 IS - 47 N1 - id: 255 JO - Thirty thousand year record of climate from the Galapagos Islands and links with high latitudes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Millennial-scale climate changes in ventilation of the thermocline, intermediate and deep waters of the glacial North Atlantic JF - Geophysical Monograph series Y1 - 1999 A1 - Curry, W. B. A1 - Marchitto, T. M. A1 - McManus, J. F. A1 - Oppo, D. W. A1 - L, Laarkamp K. VL - AGU Chapman Conference volume 112 N1 - id: 207 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Millennial-scale changes in North Atlantic circulation since the last glaciation JF - Nature Y1 - 1998 A1 - Marchitto, T. M. A1 - Curry, W. B. A1 - Oppo, D. W. AB - Ocean circulation is closely linked to climate change on glacial-interglacial and shorter timescales. Extensive reorganizations in the circulation of deep and intermediate-depth waters in the Atlantic Ocean have been hypothesized for both the last glaciation(1-6) and the subsequent Younger Dryas cold interval(3,6-10), but there has been little palaeoceanographic study of the subtropical gyres(11-13). These gyres are the dominant oceanic features of wind-driven circulation, and as such they reflect changes in climate and are a significant control on nutrient cycling and, possible, atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Here we present Cd/Ca ratios in the shells of benthic foraminifera from the Bahama banks that confirm previous suggestions(11,12) that nutrient concentrations in the North Atlantic subtropical gyre were much lower during the Last Glacial Maximum than they are today (up to 50% lower according to our data). These contrasting nutrient burdens imply much shorter residence times for waters within the thermocline of the Last Glacial Maximum. Below the glacial thermocline, nutrient concentrations were reduced owing to the presence of Glacial North Atlantic Intermediate Water. A high-resolution Cd/Ca record from an intermediate depth indicates decreased nutrient concentrations during the Younger Dryas interval as well, mirroring opposite changes at a nearby deep site(3,9). Together, these observations suggest that the formation of deep and intermediate waters-North Atlantic Deep Water and Glacial North Atlantic Intermediate Water, respectively-wax and wane alternately on both orbital and millennial timescales. VL - 393 IS - 6685 N1 - Zt988Times Cited:106Cited References Count:30 JO - Millennial-scale changes in North Atlantic circulation since the last glaciation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - North Atlantic gyre ventilation and intermediate water formation during the last glaciation and Younger Dryas JF - Nature Y1 - 1998 A1 - Marchitto, T. M. A1 - Curry, W. B. A1 - W, Oppo D. VL - 393 N1 - id: 208 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Precise temporal correlation of Holocene mollusc shells using sclerochronology JF - Palaeogeography, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology Y1 - 1997 A1 - Marchitto, T. M. A1 - Jones, G. A. A1 - Goodfriend, G. A. A1 - Weidman, C. R. A1 - Jirikowic, J. N1 - id: 1293 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Using sclerochronology of the mollusc Arctica islandica as a paleoceanographic tool T2 - 5th International Conference on Paleoceanography Y1 - 1995 A1 - Marchitto, T. M. A1 - Jones, G. A. A1 - Goodfriend, G. A. A1 - Weidman, C. R. A1 - Jirikowic, J. JF - 5th International Conference on Paleoceanography CY - Halifax, NS N1 - id: 1294 ER -