Constant Holocene Southern-Ocean 14C reservoir ages and ice-shelf flow rates

TitleConstant Holocene Southern-Ocean 14C reservoir ages and ice-shelf flow rates
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2010
AuthorsHall, BL, Henderson, GM, Baroni, C, Kellogg, TB
Volume296
Issue1–2
Pagination115 - 123
Date Published2010/7/15/
ISBN Number0012-821X
Keywordscoral, marine reservoir effect, McMurdo Ice Shelf, radiocarbon, Southern Ocean, U/Th dating
Abstract

Southern Ocean radiocarbon reservoir ages (i.e. non-zero radiocarbon ages in seawater) are the highest in the world's surface ocean. Constraining these reservoir ages at present and in the past is important not only because unknown reservoir ages limit the interpretation of Antarctic radiocarbon chronologies, but also because reservoir ages provide information about ocean circulation (as a recorder of past circulation and as an end member for major deep-water masses in today's ocean). In this study, we use paired U/Th and 14C ages of an unusual set of solitary coral samples trapped by fringing ice shelves in the Ross Sea to provide the first detailed study of Holocene reservoir ages for the Southern Ocean. Our results indicate a relatively constant marine radiocarbon reservoir age of 1144 ± 120 years for the past 6000 years. These results are consistent with extrapolation of the relationship between 14C and alkalinity seen elsewhere, supporting the use of this empirical relationship in high latitudes. The results also suggest constant deep-ocean circulation and air–sea exchange during the Holocene and provide a good target for tuning ocean models of modern circulation. Combining the new ages for corals with their distance from the modern-day ice-shelf grounding line provides some of the first long-term records of ice-shelf velocities for any region and indicates constant flow of the McMurdo Ice Shelf during the Holocene, at a rate similar to that observed today.

URLhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X10003067
DOI10.1016/j.epsl.2010.04.054