Possible Role of Climate in the Collapse of Classic Maya Civilization

TitlePossible Role of Climate in the Collapse of Classic Maya Civilization
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication1995
AuthorsHodell, DA, Curtis, JH, Brenner, M
JournalNature
Volume375
Issue6530
Pagination391-394
Date PublishedJun 1
ISSN0028-0836
Accession NumberWOS:A1995RB10100049
Abstract

THE Maya civilization developed around 3,000 years ago in Mesoamerica, and after flourishing during the so-called Classic period, it collapsed around 750-900 AD(1). It has been speculated(2-6) that climate change may have played a part in this collapse. But efforts to reconstruct the last three millennia of Mesoamerican climate using palynological methods have met with equivocal success, because human-mediated deforestation has altered regional vegetation in ways that mimic climate shifts, making it difficult to discriminate between natural and anthropogenic changes(7-15). Here we use temporal variations in oxygen isotope and sediment composition in a 4.9-m sediment core from Lake Chichancanab, Mexico, to reconstruct a continuous record of Holocene climate change for the central Yucatan peninsula. The interval between 1,300 and 1,100 yr up (AD 800-1,000) was the driest of the middle to late Holocene epoch, and coincided with the collapse of Classic Maya civilization, This continuous climate proxy record thus provides evidence of climate deterioration in the Maya region during the terminal Classic period.

DOI10.1038/375391a0